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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 2 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

1

Cartensen Jr., Lawrence W. "Map Data Processing In Geographic Information Systems". Cartographic Perspectives, n. 05 (1 marzo 1990): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp05.1126.

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Kasturi, R., R. Fernandez, M. L. Amlani e W. C. Feng. "Map data processing in geographic information systems". Computer 22, n. 12 (dicembre 1989): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.42028.

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3

Reibel, Michael. "Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Data Processing in Demography: a Review". Population Research and Policy Review 26, n. 5-6 (6 settembre 2007): 601–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11113-007-9046-5.

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4

Al Sawy, Yaser Mohammad Mohammad, e Hisham Saad Zaghloul. "Geographic information systems representations in resources description and access (RDA)". International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 8, n. 8 (agosto 2021): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2021.08.008.

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The study aimed at linking geographic information systems and their use in library and information science, as they represent spatial and geographical information represented in processing in machine-readable cataloging (MARC) fields, which are represented in the Resources Description and Access in the form of an internationally agreed drawing or scheme, and geographic information is of interest to a wide range of beneficiaries in various fields, and to develop work in the field of libraries and information in light of the rules for characterization and availability of resources and in view of the lack of previous studies dealing with this topic; It was necessary to think about good planning to equip libraries and information centers at a high level so that they would be able to deal with information sources and the correct representation of geographical data through geographic information systems, the study was keen to apply the standards of the analytical and applied approach where all the appropriate fields to represent data geographically are reviewed. and the application of the appropriate subfields to it, the study reached the possibility of using the field 651 specifically and activating the hyperlink feature through it to display more links that include drawings, maps, data, and vital statistics associated with it, and thus the field 651 turns into an interactive feature to display bibliography, geography and information data with linking to all Pages and links via the Internet or in full-text databases as well as abstract databases, and innovative addition to the performance of field 651 to become a descriptive field and a tool for geographical and informational representation at the same time.

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En-Nejjary, Driss, Francois Pinet e Myoung-Ah Kang. "Modeling and Computing Overlapping Aggregation of Large Data Sequences in Geographic Information Systems". International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 10, n. 1 (gennaio 2019): 20–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2019010102.

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Recently, in the field of information systems, the acquisition of geo-referenced data has made a huge leap forward in terms of technology. There is a real issue in terms of the data processing optimization, and different research works have been proposed to analyze large geo-referenced datasets based on multi-core approaches. In this article, different methods based on general-purpose logic on graphics processing unit (GPGPU) are modelled and compared to parallelize overlapping aggregations of raster sequences. Our methods are tested on a sequence of rasters representing the evolution of temperature over time for the same region. Each raster corresponds to a different data acquisition time period, and each raster geo-referenced cell is associated with a temperature value. This article proposes optimized methods to calculate the average temperature for the region for all the possible raster subsequences of a determined length, i.e., to calculate overlapping aggregated data summaries. In these aggregations, the same subsets of values are aggregated several times. For example, this type of aggregation can be useful in different environmental data analyses, e.g., to pre-calculate all the average temperatures in a database. The present article highlights a significant increase in performance and shows that the use of GPGPU parallel processing enabled us to run the aggregations up to more than 50 times faster than the sequential method including data transfer cost and more than 200 times faster without data transfer cost.

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Yüksek, K., M. Alparslan e E. Mendi. "Effective 3-D surface modeling for geographic information systems". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, n. 1 (18 gennaio 2016): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-123-2016.

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Abstract. In this work, we propose a dynamic, flexible and interactive urban digital terrain platform with spatial data and query processing capabilities of geographic information systems, multimedia database functionality and graphical modeling infrastructure. A new data element, called Geo-Node, which stores image, spatial data and 3-D CAD objects is developed using an efficient data structure. The system effectively handles data transfer of Geo-Nodes between main memory and secondary storage with an optimized directional replacement policy (DRP) based buffer management scheme. Polyhedron structures are used in digital surface modeling and smoothing process is performed by interpolation. The experimental results show that our framework achieves high performance and works effectively with urban scenes independent from the amount of spatial data and image size. The proposed platform may contribute to the development of various applications such as Web GIS systems based on 3-D graphics standards (e.g., X3-D and VRML) and services which integrate multi-dimensional spatial information and satellite/aerial imagery.

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Yüksek, K., M. Alparslan e E. Mendi. "Effective 3-D surface modeling for geographic information systems". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, n. 6 (5 novembre 2013): 6093–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-6093-2013.

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Abstract. In this work, we propose a dynamic, flexible and interactive urban digital terrain platform (DTP) with spatial data and query processing capabilities of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multimedia database functionality and graphical modeling infrastructure. A new data element, called Geo-Node, which stores image, spatial data and 3-D CAD objects is developed using an efficient data structure. The system effectively handles data transfer of Geo-Nodes between main memory and secondary storage with an optimized Directional Replacement Policy (DRP) based buffer management scheme. Polyhedron structures are used in Digital Surface Modeling (DSM) and smoothing process is performed by interpolation. The experimental results show that our framework achieves high performance and works effectively with urban scenes independent from the amount of spatial data and image size. The proposed platform may contribute to the development of various applications such as Web GIS systems based on 3-D graphics standards (e.g. X3-D and VRML) and services which integrate multi-dimensional spatial information and satellite/aerial imagery.

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Xhafa, Sonila, e Albana Kosovrasti. "Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Urban Planning". European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 1, n. 1 (30 aprile 2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v1i1.p85-92.

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Geographic information systems can be defined as a intelligent tool, to which it relates techniques for the implementation of processes such as the introduction, recording, storage, handling, processing and generation of spatial data. Use of GIS in urban planning helps and guides planners for an orderly development of settlements and infrastructure facilities within and outside urban areas. Continued growth of the population in urban centers generates the need for expansion of urban space, for its planning in terms of physical and social infrastructures in the service of the community, based on the principles of sustainable development. In addition urbanization is accompanied with numerous structural transformations and functional cities, which should be evaluated in spatial context, to be managed and planned according to the principles of sustainable development. Urban planning connects directly with land use and design of the urban environment, including physical and social infrastructure in service of the urban community, constituting a challenge to global levels. Use of GIS in this field is a different approach regarding the space, its development and design, analysis and modeling of various processes occurring in it, as well as interconnections between these processes or developments in space.

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Montgomery, Chris, e Philipp Stoeckle. "Geographic information systems and perceptual dialectology: a method for processing draw-a-map data". Journal of Linguistic Geography 1, n. 1 (giugno 2013): 52–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2013.4.

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This article presents a new method for processing data gathered using the “draw-a-map” task in perceptual dialectology (PD) studies. Such tasks produce large numbers of maps containing many lines indicating nonlinguists’ perceptions of the location and extent of dialect areas. Although individual maps are interesting, and numerical data relating to the relative prominence of dialect areas can be extracted, an important value of the draw-a-map task is in aggregating data. This was always an aim of the contemporary PD method, although the nature of the data has meant that this has not always been possible. Here, we argue for the use of geographic information systems (GIS) in order to aggregate, process, and display PD data. Using case studies from the United Kingdom and Germany, we present examples of data processed using GIS and illustrate the future possibilities for the use of GIS in PD research.

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Gonçalves, Alexandre B. "Spatial Analysis and Geographic Information Systems as Tools for Sustainability Research". Sustainability 13, n. 2 (11 gennaio 2021): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020612.

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The multidisciplinary fields of study on sustainability, which relate to ecological, geophysical, societal and environmental research, demand for the availability and processing of data that is capable to represent spatial phenomena [...]

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Tesi sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

1

Sharad, Chakravarthy Namindi. "Public Commons for Geospatial Data: A Conceptual Model". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SharadCN2003.pdf.

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Shi, Wei. "Web-based geographic information system for the archives of the Water Resources Institute". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3312.

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This project is focused on the goal of improving access to the Water Resources Institute (WRI) archives using a web-based GIS architecture. This project uses the newest version of ArcGIS Server as a method to support an internet-based map search environment, improved information management and data sharing.

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McCurry, David B. "Provenance Tracking in a Commons of Geographic Data". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCurryDB2007.pdf.

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Ozyurt, Burhanettin Derya. "Geographic and process information systems for multi-facility design and operation". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11003.

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Nedas, Konstantinos A. "Semantic Similarity of Spatial Scenes". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NedasKA2006.pdf.

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Shi, Xun, e 施迅. "Integrating case-based reasoning and geographic information system forurban planning". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31221592.

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Shi, Xun. "Integrating case-based reasoning and geographic information system for urban planning /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21482421.

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Bush, Loretta J. "Evaluating the accuracy of line thinning algorithms after processing scanned line data". Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020324/.

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Kubbara, Fawzi Saeed. "Geographic Data in City Planning Departments: The Volume and Use Related to Advancements in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Technology". PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1352.

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Abstract (sommario):

Many local planning departments have acquired and put into use advanced automated geocoding and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to store, process, map and analyze geographic data. GIS technological advancements in hardware, software, and geographic databases - specifically, in geocoding methods to reference street address data to geographic locations - enable data to be integrated, mapped, and analyzed more efficiently and effectively. Also, technological advancements depend on organizational and institutional environments. The relationships between technological advancements and technical (data mapping and analysis), organizational, and institutional environments are not clear. The purpose of this study is to explain these relationships to help planning and development directors make better decisions in acquiring and using advanced geocoding and GIS technology. The findings are based on a mail survey of planning and development departments in cities with populations of 50,000 or more in the United States. The study found that planning departments with advanced geocoding and GIS technology are capable of conducting advanced geocoding applications. Data can be tabulated, aggregated, linked, and modeled for mapping and planning. Geocoding to aggregate data to small geographic areas helps by providing required and up-to-date information to solve urban problems. However, the study did not find that advanced geocoding systems enhance data quality as measured by spatial resolution and volume. Further studies are needed to explore this issue. The adoption and implementation of advanced geocoding and GIS technology are influenced by organizational and institutional environments. Large cities have more experience with hardware, software programs, computer professionals, and training programs, but they are dependent on centralized systems from an earlier computer era. Consequently, more recent entrants to using computers for geographic data processing are emerging rapidly. As technology is becoming more advanced, hardware and software costs are declining. Some of the organizational and institutional issues are eliminated while new ones are emerging. As a result, small area cities are adopting advanced geocoding and GIS technology more rapidly than they were previously, and sometimes they surpass large cities. This study improves understanding of automated street address geocoding methods and how these methods are related to advancements in GIS technology. The study also examines how technical, organizational, and institutional environments are interrelated in adopting and using geocoding and GIS technology. The challenge in the 1990s will not be how to fund and acquire a GIS, but how to integrate all of the pieces in order to make the technology work properly.

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Tiwari, Prava. "Updating the web-based geographic information system of the Water Resources Institute". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3407.

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The main scope of this project is to rebuild and deploy web applications that will help share historical artifacts related to the Santa Ana watershed. This project is designed to give a consistent user interface and add extra tools to enhance the functionality of existing applications at the Water Resources Institute (WRI) at California State University San Bernardino (CSUSB). The purpose of this project is to migrate all applications to a single server and update the applications using ArcGIS Server 9.2. Also to give a consistent look to the applications and to make them user friendly.

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Libri sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

1

Efficient query processing in geographic information systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Star, Jeffrey. Geographic information systems: An introduction. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1990.

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Geographic information systems and cartographic modeling. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1990.

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Archeologia predittiva e geographic information systems. Roma: Aracne, 2007.

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GIS and public data. Clifton Park, N.Y: Thomson/Delmar Learning, 2004.

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Payne, Roger L. Geographic Names Information System. Reston, Va: The Survey, 1986.

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Geographic Information Seminar (1992 Toronto, Ont.). Geographic Information Seminar, October 15-16, 1992. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Canadian Institute of Surveying and Mapping, 1992.

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8

United States. Bureau of Land Management. Denver Service Center. Geographic information system: [concept document]. [Denver, Colo: Bureau of Land Management, Denver Service Center, 1985.

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McLemore, William H. Using geographic information systems for environmental decision making. [Atlanta]: Dept. of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division, Georgia Geologic Survey, 1988.

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An introduction to urban geographic information systems. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

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Ott, Thomas, e Frank Swiaczny. "Processing and analysis of spatio-temporal data inside a GIS". In Time-Integrative Geographic Information Systems, 127–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56747-6_5.

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2

Dedić, A., R. Murn e D. Peček. "Map Data Processing in a Geographic Information System Environment". In Computer Techniques in Environmental Studies IV, 819–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1874-3_57.

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Patroumpas, Kostas, e Timos Sellis. "Event Processing and Real-Time Monitoring over Streaming Traffic Data". In Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems, 116–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29247-7_10.

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Ho, Chun-Hsing, Chieh-Ping Lai e Anas Almonnieay. "Using Geographic Information Systems and Smartphone-Based Vibration Data to Support Decision Making on Pavement Rehabilitation". In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 475–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40596-4_40.

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Gomez, Flavio, Diego Iquira e Ana Maria Cuadros. "Application of the KDD Process for the Visualization of Integrated Geo-Referenced Textual Data from the Pre-processing Phase". In Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems, 41–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90053-7_5.

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Aryadinata, Yogi Satrya, Yuan Lin, C. Barcellos, Anne Laurent e Therese Libourel. "Mining Epidemiological Dengue Fever Data from Brazil: A Gradual Pattern Based Geographical Information System". In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 414–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08855-6_42.

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Antenucci, John C., Kay Brown, Peter L. Croswell, Michael J. Kevany e Hugh Archer. "Data Types". In Geographic Information Systems, 111–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6533-4_6.

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Antenucci, John C., Kay Brown, Peter L. Croswell, Michael J. Kevany e Hugh Archer. "Data Types". In Geographic Information Systems, 111–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3934-6_6.

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Antenucci, John C., Kay Brown, Peter L. Croswell, Michael J. Kevany e Hugh Archer. "Data Base Concepts". In Geographic Information Systems, 85–110. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6533-4_5.

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Antenucci, John C., Kay Brown, Peter L. Croswell, Michael J. Kevany e Hugh Archer. "Data Base Concepts". In Geographic Information Systems, 85–110. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3934-6_5.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

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Xiong, Yan, e Wenli Xu. "Depth data research of GIS based on clustering analysis algorithm". In Remote Sensing Image Processing and Geographic Information Systems, a cura di Jie Ma, Nong Sang e Zhong Chen. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2283116.

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zheng, gengsheng, Xiaoke Wang, Yao Fu, Meng Wang e Liya Wang. "A blockchain based approach to the sharing of pet healthcare data". In Remote Sensing Image Processing and Geographic Information Systems, a cura di Jie Ma, Zhong Chen, Zhiguo Cao e Yu Shi. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2538206.

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Shang, Kun, Lingjun Jia, Jing Liu e Zhongqing Sun. "Comparison of water extraction methods in Tibet based on GF-1 data". In Remote Sensing Image Processing and Geographic Information Systems, a cura di Jie Ma, Nong Sang e Zhong Chen. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2288734.

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Sychev, Igor O., Yurii A. Korablev e Leonid S. Zvyagin. "Application of Semantic Technologies for Processing Related Data in Geographic Information Systems". In 2019 III International Conference on Control in Technical Systems (CTS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cts48763.2019.8973324.

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Lee, Kisung, Raghu K. Ganti, Mudhakar Srivatsa e Ling Liu. "Efficient spatial query processing for big data". In SIGSPATIAL '14: 22nd SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2666310.2666481.

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Pintor, Paulo, Rogério Luís de C. Costa e José Moreira. "Near real time analytic processing of traffic data streams". In SIGSPATIAL '20: 28th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3423457.3429365.

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Li, Mao, e Lel-in Li. "Study on spatial-temporal change of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration based on DMSP / OLS night light data". In Remote Sensing Image Processing and Geographic Information Systems, a cura di Jie Ma, Nong Sang e Zhong Chen. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2286214.

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Durikovic, Roman, e Pavol Kunovsky. "Processing of RGB and Multi-spectral Data for Geographic Information System Needs". In 2019 Communication and Information Technologies (KIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/kit.2019.8883465.

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Bröring, Arne, David Vial e Thorsten Reitz. "Processing real-time sensor data streams for 3D web visualization". In SIGSPATIAL '14: 22nd SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2676552.2676556.

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Shen, Shengyu, e Huayi Wu. "A complex network peer-to-peer system for geographic information services discovery". In International Conference on Earth Observation Data Processing and Analysis, a cura di Deren Li, Jianya Gong e Huayi Wu. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.815927.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Geographic information systems – Data processing"

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Cedfeldt, Paul T., e Mark A. Scott. Integrating CAD Data with Geographic Information Systems Using AutoCAD and ARC/INFO Software. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377146.

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2

Kubbara, Fawzi. Geographic Data in City Planning Departments: The Volume and Use Related to Advancements in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Technology. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1351.

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3

Suhartono, Suhartono, Agoes Soegianto e Achmad Amzeri. Mapping of land potentially for maize plant in Madura Island-Indonesia using remote sensing data and geographic information systems (GIS). EM International, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.1.

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Maize productivity in Indonesia was still low (5.241 tons/ha) compared to the average of the ten largest maize producing countries in the world (6.179 tons/ha). The potential for maize on the island of Madura is approximately 360,000 hectares. The potential for maize cultivation in Madura continues to decrease in land quality due to improper land clearing and land-use change. The purpose of this research was to make a map of land suitability for maize using Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information System (GIS). The land suitability method for maize plants used satellite imagery as a data source, supported by fieldwork and secondary data. Data analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results of the analysis of land suitability modeling based on agroecosystem potential found that most of the Madura area was suitable for maize cultivation. Madura island had a land area of 456,622.3ha for maize cultivation, where 170.379.5 (15.4%) was very appropriate, 211.412.3 ha (46.3%) was appropriate, 160,098.6 (35.1%) was less appropriate, and 14,732.0 ha (3.2%) was not appropriate.

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Johnson, Eric M., Robert Urquhart e Maggie O'Neil. The Importance of Geospatial Data to Labor Market Information. RTI Press, giugno 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.pb.0017.1806.

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School-to-work transition data are an important component of labor market information systems (LMIS). Policy makers, researchers, and education providers benefit from knowing how long it takes work-seekers to find employment, how and where they search for employment, the quality of employment obtained, and how steady it is over time. In less-developed countries, these data are poorly collected, or not collected at all, a situation the International Labour Organization and other donors have attempted to change. However, LMIS reform efforts typically miss a critical part of the picture—the geospatial aspects of these transitions. Few LMIS systems fully consider or integrate geospatial school-to-work transition information, ignoring data critical to understanding and supporting successful and sustainable employment: employer locations; transportation infrastructure; commute time, distance, and cost; location of employment services; and other geographic barriers to employment. We provide recently collected geospatial school-to-work transition data from South Africa and Kenya to demonstrate the importance of these data and their implications for labor market and urban development policy.

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Bates, C. Richards, Melanie Chocholek, Clive Fox, John Howe e Neil Jones. Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): Work package (3) final report development of a novel, automated mechanism for the collection of scallop stock data. A cura di Mark James e Hannah Ladd-Jones. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23449.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] This project, aimed at the development of a novel, automated mechanism for the collection of scallop stock data was a sub-part of the Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data Systems (SIFIDS) project. The project reviewed the state-of-the-art remote sensing (geophysical and camera-based) technologies available from industry and compared these to inexpensive, off-the -shelf equipment. Sea trials were conducted on scallop dredge sites and also hand-dived scallop sites. Data was analysed manually, and tests conducted with automated processing methods. It was concluded that geophysical acoustic technologies cannot presently detect individual scallop but the remote sensing technologies can be used for broad scale habitat mapping of scallop harvest areas. Further, the techniques allow for monitoring these areas in terms of scallop dredging impact. Camera (video and still) imagery is effective for scallop count and provide data that compares favourably with diver-based ground truth information for recording scallop density. Deployment of cameras is possible through inexpensive drop-down camera frames which it is recommended be deployed on a wide area basis for further trials. In addition, implementation of a ‘citizen science’ approach to wide area recording is suggested to increase the stock assessment across the widest possible variety of seafloor types around Scotland. Armed with such data a full, statistical analysis could be completed and data used with automated processing routines for future long-term monitoring of stock.

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Furey, John, Austin Davis e Jennifer Seiter-Moser. Natural language indexing for pedoinformatics. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), settembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41960.

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The multiple schema for the classification of soils rely on differing criteria but the major soil science systems, including the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the international harmonized World Reference Base for Soil Resources soil classification systems, are primarily based on inferred pedogenesis. Largely these classifications are compiled from individual observations of soil characteristics within soil profiles, and the vast majority of this pedologic information is contained in nonquantitative text descriptions. We present initial text mining analyses of parsed text in the digitally available USDA soil taxonomy documentation and the Soil Survey Geographic database. Previous research has shown that latent information structure can be extracted from scientific literature using Natural Language Processing techniques, and we show that this latent information can be used to expedite query performance by using syntactic elements and part-of-speech tags as indices. Technical vocabulary often poses a text mining challenge due to the rarity of its diction in the broader context. We introduce an extension to the common English vocabulary that allows for nearly-complete indexing of USDA Soil Series Descriptions.

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Yan, Yujie, e Jerome F. Hajjar. Automated Damage Assessment and Structural Modeling of Bridges with Visual Sensing Technology. Northeastern University, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17760/d20410114.

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Recent advances in visual sensing technology have gained much attention in the field of bridge inspection and management. Coupled with advanced robotic systems, state-of-the-art visual sensors can be used to obtain accurate documentation of bridges without the need for any special equipment or traffic closure. The captured visual sensor data can be post-processed to gather meaningful information for the bridge structures and hence to support bridge inspection and management. However, state-of-the-practice data postprocessing approaches require substantial manual operations, which can be time-consuming and expensive. The main objective of this study is to develop methods and algorithms to automate the post-processing of the visual sensor data towards the extraction of three main categories of information: 1) object information such as object identity, shapes, and spatial relationships - a novel heuristic-based method is proposed to automate the detection and recognition of main structural elements of steel girder bridges in both terrestrial and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based laser scanning data. Domain knowledge on the geometric and topological constraints of the structural elements is modeled and utilized as heuristics to guide the search as well as to reject erroneous detection results. 2) structural damage information, such as damage locations and quantities - to support the assessment of damage associated with small deformations, an advanced crack assessment method is proposed to enable automated detection and quantification of concrete cracks in critical structural elements based on UAV-based visual sensor data. In terms of damage associated with large deformations, based on the surface normal-based method proposed in Guldur et al. (2014), a new algorithm is developed to enhance the robustness of damage assessment for structural elements with curved surfaces. 3) three-dimensional volumetric models - the object information extracted from the laser scanning data is exploited to create a complete geometric representation for each structural element. In addition, mesh generation algorithms are developed to automatically convert the geometric representations into conformal all-hexahedron finite element meshes, which can be finally assembled to create a finite element model of the entire bridge. To validate the effectiveness of the developed methods and algorithms, several field data collections have been conducted to collect both the visual sensor data and the physical measurements from experimental specimens and in-service bridges. The data were collected using both terrestrial laser scanners combined with images, and laser scanners and cameras mounted to unmanned aerial vehicles.

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Federal Information Processing Standards Publication: for information systems - specification for a data descriptive file for information interchange. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.fips.123-feb1986.

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Federal Information Processing Standards Publication: for information systems - data communication systems and services - measurement method for user-oriented performance evaluation. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.fips.155.

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Federal Information Processing Standards Publication: data communication systems and services user-oriented performance parameters. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.fips.144.

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