Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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PAPPAS (Φ. ΠΑΠΠΑΣ), F., e M. STEFANIDOU (Μ. ΣΤΕΦΑΝΙΔΟΥ). "Genetically modified food". Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 57, n. 3 (29 novembre 2017): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15047.

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International consensus has been reached on the principles regarding evaluation of the food safety of genetically modified plants. The concept of substantial equivalence has been developed as part of a safety evaluation framework, based on the idea that existing foods can serve as a basis for comparing the properties of genetically modified foods with the appropriate counterpart. Substantial equivalence is a starting point in the safety evaluation, rather than an endpoint of the assessment. The development and validation of new profiling methods, such as DNA microarray technology, proteomics and metabonomics for the identification and characterization of unintended effects, which may occur as a result of the genetic modification, is recommended. The assessment of the allergenicity of newly inserted proteins and of marker genes is discussed. Also, the post-marketing surveillance of the foods derived from genetically modified crops is imperative.
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ISSERMAN, ANDREW M. "Genetically Modified Food". American Behavioral Scientist 44, n. 8 (aprile 2001): 1225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027640121956782.

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Trewavas, Anthony. "Genetically modified food". EMBO reports 1, n. 4 (ottobre 2000): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/embo-reports/kvd079.

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Smith, Suzanne. "Genetically Modified Food". New Zealand Journal of Geography 108, n. 1 (15 maggio 2008): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0028-8292.1999.tb00403.x.

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Brandner, Diana L. "Detection of Genetically Modified Food: Has Your Food Been Genetically Modified?" American Biology Teacher 64, n. 6 (1 agosto 2002): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4451335.

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Brandner, Diana L. "Detection of Genetically Modified Food: Has Your Food Been Genetically Modified?" American Biology Teacher 64, n. 6 (agosto 2002): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1662/0002-7685(2002)064[0433:dogmfh]2.0.co;2.

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Leeder, Stephen R. "Genetically modified foods — food for thought". Medical Journal of Australia 172, n. 4 (febbraio 2000): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb125545.x.

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Su, Stefani, Idil Daloglu Ezhuthachan e Punita Ponda. "Genetically modified foods and food allergy". Journal of Food Allergy 2, n. 1 (1 settembre 2020): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200012.

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Genetic modification of foods is one of the many ways of processing that can enhance foods to increase desirable qualities, such as herbicide tolerance, bacteria and insect resistance, improved nutritional value, and delayed ripening. However, a theoretical potential to increase the allergenicity of food proteins has been the subject of concern from critics. To prevent adverse effects from genetically modified (GM) crops, national and international organizations tightly regulate their production and recommend rigorous safety testing. Some safety tests were developed to assess potential allergenicity by studying the product’s similarity to known allergenic proteins, its resistance to pepsin digestion, and its binding to immunoglobulin E (IgE) from sera of patients with known relevant allergies. To date, these safety assessments have only identified rare GM foods with the potential to lead to immunologic reactions. These foods were stopped from being marketed commercially, and the products on the market now have passed required safety assessments. The rise in the prevalence of food allergy preceded the commercialization of GM foods and has also occurred in countries with limited access to GM crops, which highlights a lack of causative association between the two. Several studies provided further reassurance with no evidence of higher potency in specific IgE binding to GM foods. There are no studies that demonstrate adverse reactions due to GM food consumption, and GM foods may have the beneficial potential to silence major allergenic proteins. Therefore, physicians and other health-care professionals should counsel patients that the scientific data do not support an increased risk of allergic responses to GM foods.
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Morris, Shane H., e Catherine C. Adley. "Genetically modified food issues". British Food Journal 102, n. 9 (ottobre 2000): 669–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700010362040.

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Yan, Kaichen. "Application of genetically modified technology in food". Theoretical and Natural Science 33, n. 1 (8 marzo 2024): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/33/20240928.

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Abstract (sommario):
At present, the arable land area in China is continuously decreasing, but the population is steadily increasing, and the demand for food quality among people is also increasing. Genetically modified food, with its high yield, disease and insect resistance, high survival rate, and excellent quality, will be rapidly developed, and the development prospects of genetically modified food are bright. Compared with non-genetically modified foods, genetically modified foods have similar nutrition, equal safety, and excellent quality. It will bring greater economic benefits. With the development of the times, science and technology are constantly changing, and genetically modified engineering is gradually entering our lives, affecting our lives. Food is one aspect of it. The application of genetically modified technology in food is increasingly attracting people's attention. The research method used in this article is a literature review, which studies the benefits and disadvantages of genetically modified technology on food, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified technology on food, and our measures. Advantages: Increase crop yield and quality, and improve nutritional value. Disadvantages have an impact on human health or the management and use of genetically modified foods, the following targeted measures can be taken: strict safety assessment and supervision, strengthening research and development, etc. The conclusion of this study is to continue to refine genetically modified technology and comprehensively strengthen the regulation of genetically modified foods, to benefit humanity better. The study provides suggestions about public health security, food safety, and supply, accumulation of scientific knowledge
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Tesi sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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Marushkina, О. "Genetically modified food". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13601.

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Khromov, I. "Genetic modified food". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33677.

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Abstract (sommario):
The genetically modified foods controversy is a dispute over the relative advantages and disadvantages of food derived from genetically modified organisms, genetically modified crops used to produce food and other goods, and other uses of genetically modified organisms in food production. The dispute involves consumers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations and scientists. The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified (GM) food are: risk of harm from GM food, whether GM food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the effect of GM crops on the environment, the impact of GM crops for farmers, including farmers in developing countries, the role of GM crops in feeding the growing world population, and GM crops as part of the industrial agriculture system. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33677
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Hall, Clare R. "Genetically modified food and crops : perceptions of risks". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4719.

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The debate around genetically modified food and crops has proved to be complex and far-reaching, involving diverse stakeholder groups and many issues. Although the extent of global uptake of GM crops has been substantial (23 countries and 114.65 million hectares by 2007), it is significant that four countries are responsible for 86% of all GM plantings, and that a number of key food markets (for example the EU and Japan) remain largely "GM-free‟. This suggests that there is reluctance on the part of many countries to embrace GM technology. There are likely many reasons for this, but one significant issue is that of the perception of the risks associated with the technology. There is a distinction between risk that exists in the world and that can be measured (objective risk) and risk that is perceived by an individual to exist and that is constructed by them based on their values and preferences. When technical measurement of actual risks is not possible, peoples‟ own perceptions of risks become important. This thesis aims to investigate the topic of risk perceptions associated with GM food and crops. Different stakeholder groups have been targeted, and a range of methodologies from a variety of disciplines have been employed to investigate what factors can be shown to influence risk perception. A range of factors were identified from existing literature, as having potential impact on risk perceptions. A number of these were investigated, some of which were found to have some influence on levels of risk perception. Results demonstrate that factors influencing peoples‟ perceptions of risk relating to GM food and crops, include the uncertainty associated with the technology, and trust in regulators, policy makers and others with control over the future development of the technology. Other factors found to be important to levels of risk perception held by different stakeholder groups, were a range of socio-demographic and cultural variables, the relationship between perceived risks and benefits, the equity of impacts, and the influence of third parties. There are a number of implications for the development of the GM debate arising from the findings. First, as there are socio-demographic and cultural factors linked to the perceptions of risk associated with GM technologies in food and agriculture, it is important to recognise that different people will react differently to the technology. Specifically, results from this thesis show that it may be that men, those who are more highly educated, those with a less ecocentric worldview, and those living in urban areas, are likely to respond more favourably to targeted promotional campaigns. As regards the farming community, results show that the first farming adopters are likely to be those who are both owners and tenants, not in an urban fringe location, potato growers, and not barley growers. Second, this thesis provides evidence that third parties are particularly important to farmers, thus it is crucial to recognise that there is potentially a long chain of action and reaction amongst many different stakeholders and actors impacting on farmers' levels of risk perception, and hence willingness to adopt the technology. Third, results from this research demonstrate that the linked issues of the relationship between risks and benefits, and the equity of (positive and negative) impacts, require that all stakeholders are content that they will receive a share of the benefits (if any) to be derived from the technology, and that neither they nor any other group of stakeholders are unduly impacted by the risks or negative impacts (if any) of the technology. Important here is the recognition that perceptions are as important as actual impacts. Fourth, the issue of trust has been shown by the results obtained by this research to be extremely important to peoples' perceptions of risk. It can be concluded that trust is of wider social and political importance that relates to the need to ensure greater democratisation of decision-making in order to re-establish trust in authorities. In the case of GM food this may require a rethinking of the EU legislation relating to the technology. This also relates to point below about the delivery of messages and education. Information sources must be trusted by those at whom the messages are aimed. More importantly though, if people are to trust decision making processes, there needs to be stakeholder involvement at an early stage of decision making, that allows some impact on decisions taken. In the case of the GM debate it may indeed be too late as decisions about the technology, its applications, the regulatory processes and its inclusion within the food chain are well established. Perhaps the best that can be hoped for is that lessons will be learnt and applied to future technology developments of relevance to the food chain, such as, nano-technology. Finally, this thesis has shown that uncertainty is central to peoples' perceptions of risk. This could be addressed through a combination of additional research into what is uncertain to people, the impacts and implications of the technology, more effective dissemination of existing knowledge, and impartially delivered messages and education strategies from trusted sources that address the concerns that people have about the technology. Importantly however there must be an acknowledgement that uncertainty is not restricted to "knowledge deficit‟ but encompasses the scientific uncertainties inherent within the technology, and is framed by the social and cultural values of those whose views are considered. This thesis uniquely targeted diverse groups and employed a combination of different methods from a variety of disciplines. By doing this the study has increased understanding of the views of two groups (campaigners and farmers) who are crucial to the uptake of the technology, and who are seldom researched in the area of attitudes to GM technologies. The diversity of groups, methods and disciplines brought together in this thesis is important because the issue of GM has proved to be complex and far-reaching, and previous discussions of risk perceptions have been complex and disjointed. All groups investigated here are stakeholders in the process, and as such their views and concerns relating to risk perceptions of GM technologies ought to be taken into consideration.
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Doubleday, R. V. L. "Political innovation : corporations, controversy and genetically modified food". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444629/.

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Public controversy over genetically modified (GM) foods illustrates the increasing complexity of the governance of technological innovation. In the light of public displays of ambivalence towards biotechnology, corporations are paying greater attention to societal concerns over the innovation of new technologies. This thesis asks how those corporations involved in the development and commercialisation of GM foods have understood and responded to recent public controversy over biotechnology in Europe and North America. Using approaches drawn from geography and science and technology studies, this thesis is concerned with concepts of citizenship and also with corporate identities in the context of technological controversy. This thesis focuses particularly on the ways that corporations have understood the emergence of citizen-like demands to participate in the governance of corporate innovation. The research for this thesis adopts an ethnographic approach to studying corporate engagements in public controversy. It uses the analysis of corporate texts, interviews and participation in meetings at which corporate presentations were made about GM foods. The empirical material for this thesis refers to three corporations: DuPont, Monsanto, Unilever and two agricultural biotechnology public relations groups: the Council for Biotechnology Information in the USA, and the Agricultural Biotechnology Council in the UK. This thesis argues that corporations have innovated new institutional forms of engagement with the public over biotechnology. These engagements have configured the 'socially responsible corporation* and the 'consumer-citizen' as actors in more democratic forms of corporate innovation. This thesis concludes that these new forms of governance are partial, fragile and contested, but that they offer potential avenues for further public debate about the governance of corporate innovation.
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Hu, Rongrong 1970. "Labeling of genetically modified organisms and the producer's negative labeling decision under a voluntary labeling regime". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112638.

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During the past decade, there has been growing public attention and concern over consuming products containing or processed with genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Labeling of the food products derived from the use of GMOs has thereby been a contentious debate across the world. Currently, there are two systems with regard to labeling GMO-based products: mandatory versus voluntary. The purpose of this study was to survey the research on GMOs, its application in agriculture and the surrounding labeling issues. A theoretical model was developed to analyze non-GMO producers' labeling decisions under a voluntary labeling regime, aimed at providing a theoretical perspective for governments that are contemplating the adoption of a voluntary approach to regulate GMO food products. The analysis indicates that the size of labeling costs and consumers' preferences toward non-GMO products are critical factors that will impact on non-GMO producers' labeling decisions.
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Gruere, Guillaume Pierre Adrien. "Labeling policies and international trade of genetically modified food /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Kaye-Blake, William Henry. "Demand for genetically modified food : theory and empirical findings". Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Commerce Division, 2006. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20060913.102217.

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As economies develop, novel products are created and markets for these products arise. Genetically modified food (GMF) is an example of such a novel product and provides economists with the opportunity to investigate an infant market. Of particular interest with GMF is the impact of consumer reactions on the market. The response of consumers to GMF and their willingness to pay for it has emerged as an important factor in the development of this technology. This research investigates these consumer responses. Prior research suggests that two aspects of consumer behaviour may be relevant for the GMF market. First, consumers may react differently to different types of GMF, so that some products are potentially more economically viable. Secondly, some consumers appear to prefer not having GMF at all. Consumer behaviour is often framed according to neoclassical economic theory. Consumer preferences over goods and the attributes of those goods are generally held to have certain properties. The aspects of consumers’ reactions to GMF noted above, however, may be in conflict with two properties of preferences in neoclassical theory. First, preferences over food attributes are not separable, but may interact with each other. Secondly, some consumers may have preferences regarding GMF that are not continuous. As a result, aggregate impacts of introducing GMF may be difficult to measure, which raises a third issue for investigation, aggregation. Finally, an alternative model of consumer behaviour is bounded rationality, which theorises that choices may be discontinuous as a result of specific protocols. It also suggests that consumers seek to make good-enough choices, rather than attempting to maximise their satisfaction. Thus, optimisation or maximisation is the fourth issue considered in this thesis. In order to investigate these properties of consumers’ preferences, a choice experiment survey was developed. The strength of a choice experiment for examining these issues is its focus on the impact of each product attribute on a respondent’s choices. Thus, it may be possible to identify potentially discontinuous choice patterns and to identify choices affected by interactions between GM technology and other food attributes. Results from a neoclassical analysis of the survey data suggest that some consumers consider the type of benefit created with GM technology in making their choices. In addition, one-quarter to one-half of respondents may have had discontinuous preferences with respect to GMF. Reactions to GMF appear related to respondents’ attitudes, but not to socio-economic or demographic descriptors. As a result, aggregate measures of the impact of GMF may not fully account for consumers’ responses. A boundedly rational model also has reasonable goodness of fit, and may provide a different perspective on consumer behaviour. It is hoped that the results of this research provide a better understanding of consumer behaviour regarding GMF and, by extension, of the process of consumer adoption of novel products. It is further hoped that this attempt to incorporate choice protocols into discrete choice analysis will provide a useful example for further research.
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Kaye-Blake, William. "Demand for genetically modified food : theory and empirical findings". Lincoln University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/19.

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As economies develop, novel products are created and markets for these products arise. Genetically modified food (GMF) is an example of such a novel product and provides economists with the opportunity to investigate an infant market. Of particular interest with GMF is the impact of consumer reactions on the market. The response of consumers to GMF and their willingness to pay for it has emerged as an important factor in the development of this technology. This research investigates these consumer responses. Prior research suggests that two aspects of consumer behaviour may be relevant for the GMF market. First, consumers may react differently to different types of GMF, so that some products are potentially more economically viable. Secondly, some consumers appear to prefer not having GMF at all. Consumer behaviour is often framed according to neoclassical economic theory. Consumer preferences over goods and the attributes of those goods are generally held to have certain properties. The aspects of consumers' reactions to GMF noted above, however, may be in conflict with two properties of preferences in neoclassical theory. First, preferences over food attributes are not separable, but may interact with each other. Secondly, some consumers may have preferences regarding GMF that are not continuous. As a result, aggregate impacts of introducing GMF may be difficult to measure, which raises a third issue for investigation, aggregation. Finally, an alternative model of consumer behaviour is bounded rationality, which theorises that choices may be discontinuous as a result of specific protocols. It also suggests that consumers seek to make good-enough choices, rather than attempting to maximise their satisfaction. Thus, optimisation or maximisation is the fourth issue considered in this thesis. In order to investigate these properties of consumers' preferences, a choice experiment survey was developed. The strength of a choice experiment for examining these issues is its focus on the impact of each product attribute on a respondent's choices. Thus, it may be possible to identify potentially discontinuous choice patterns and to identify choices affected by interactions between GM technology and other food attributes. Results from a neoclassical analysis of the survey data suggest that some consumers consider the type of benefit created with GM technology in making their choices. In addition, one-quarter to one-half of respondents may have had discontinuous preferences with respect to GMF. Reactions to GMF appear related to respondents' attitudes, but not to socio-economic or demographic descriptors. As a result, aggregate measures of the impact of GMF may not fully account for consumers' responses. A boundedly rational model also has reasonable goodness of fit, and may provide a different perspective on consumer behaviour. It is hoped that the results of this research provide a better understanding of consumer behaviour regarding GMF and, by extension, of the process of consumer adoption of novel products. It is further hoped that this attempt to incorporate choice protocols into discrete choice analysis will provide a useful example for further research.
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Cuellar, Jose. "Mexican consumer preferences for biotechnology and retail food outlets". Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/J%5FCuellar%5F121704.pdf.

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Gao, Rong, e 高溶. "A systematic review of the use of genetically modified food in China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193785.

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Introduction: The Genetically Modified (GM) food, which is one of the fruit of the modern biotechnology, is closely related to people's lives. GM food, specifically, GM crops, also known as biotech food, are produced from genetically modified organisms (GMO), which use genetic engineering techniques to introduce, recombine and modify DNA. The safety of GM food still do not have final conclusion at present. Although GM food has been introduced into China for over 15 years, many of the surveys show that Chinese consumers‘ knowledge of GM food is relatively low comparing with other countries. In 2002, China‘s Ministry of Agriculture promulgated three regulations to manage the GMOs in China. The attitudes and acceptance of market for GM food have direct impact on the development of genetic engineering technique and government‘s policy making. This review aims to investigate cognition and attitudes of GM food among Chinese consumers; to investigate how the consumers react to the GM food labeling policy; to find out how factors such as knowledge about transgenic information, price of GM food would affect the consumption of GM food. Methods: Relevant studies published between January 2002 and May 2013 were searched and identified through NCBI, CNKI, and Google Scholar with a combination of keywords, such as “GM”, “China”, “attitude”, “knowledge”, and “willingness” both in English and Chinese. Studies regarding the average knowledge level, acceptance and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for GM food among Chinese consumers, and factors affecting the WTP were included. Results: Of 1032 papers identified, 9 articles fulfilling the selection criteria were included in this systematic review. Among the 9 articles, 7 were written in English, 2 in Chinese. Awareness and knowledge of GM food among Chinese consumers were still not satisfying. Given the potential risks, the public tended to hold divergent attitudes to GM food, which had significantly influenced the WTP. Socio-economic factors such as the number of children, and external factors such as information and price also affected the WTP. Among all the factors, positive attitudes (including willingness-to-accept WTA), and positive information about GM food have significant positive influence on the WTP of GM food, while consumer‘s number of children, price of GM food and negative information about GM food would reduce the purchase intention. Discussion: Positive attitudes (including willingness-to-accept WTA), and positive information have significant positive influence on the WTP of GM food, while increasing number of children and price of GM food and negative information would reduce the purchase intention. It is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive and objective propaganda of GM food and transgenic technology; enhance the management of GM food; plan and develop GM food industry with focus on low-income consumers for they are more willing to buy GM food.
published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Libri sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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Jennifer, Skancke, e Friedman Lauri S, a cura di. Genetically modified food. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2009.

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Franchino, Vicky. Genetically modified food. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2008.

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McLure, Jason. Genetically Modified Food. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: CQ Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/cqresrre20120831.

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(Firm), Thomson Gale, a cura di. Genetically modified food. Farmington Hills, Mich: Greenhaven Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning, 2015.

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Andrews, Henningfeld Diane, a cura di. Genetically modified food. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2009.

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Green, Jen. Genetically modified food. London: Franklin Watts, 2007.

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Hillstrom, Kevin. Genetically modified foods. Detroit: Lucent Books, 2012.

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Canada. Library of Parliament. Parliamentary Research Branch. Genetically modified foods. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, 1999.

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Hawkes, Nigel. Genetically modified foods. Brookfield, Conn: Copper Beech Books, 2000.

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Food Safety Authority of Ireland. Food safety and genetically modified foods: Genetically modified organisms and novel foods. Dublin: Food Safety Authority of Ireland, 1999.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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West, Darrell M. "Genetically Modified Food". In Biotechnology Policy across National Boundaries, 49–68. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230605688_4.

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Xu, Haibin. "Genetically Modified Food". In Nutritional Toxicology, 191–203. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0872-9_8.

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Stirn, Susanne, e Horst Lörz. "Genetically Modified Plants". In Genetically Engineered Food, 26–61. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602631.ch2.

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Stirn, Susanne, e Horst Lörz. "Genetically Modified Plants". In Genetically Engineered Food, 27–63. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527609468.ch2.

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Hurst, W. Jeffrey, e John W. Finley. "Genetically Modified Crops". In Principles of Food Chemistry, 511–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63607-8_14.

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Sharma, Bharati, Kanchan Sharma, Priya Sharma, Isha Gupta, Jasmeet Kour e Kawaljeet Kour. "Genetically modified maize". In Genetically Modified Crops and Food Security, 85–96. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003278566-6.

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Bansal, Rosy, e Jasmeet Kour. "Genetically modified canola". In Genetically Modified Crops and Food Security, 162–80. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003278566-11.

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Shailani, Anjali, Silas Wungrampha, Jeremy Dkhar, Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek e Ashwani Pareek. "Genetic Improvement of Rice for Food and Nutritional Security". In Genetically Modified Crops, 13–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5897-9_2.

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Meyer, Rolf. "Detection Methods for Genetically Modified Crops". In Genetically Engineered Food, 188–204. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602631.ch10.

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Meyer, Rolf. "Detection Methods for Genetically Modified Crops". In Genetically Engineered Food, 201–18. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527609468.ch10.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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Kosi, P., e J. Wang. "Study on genetically modified food in Slovenia". In 2016 International Forum on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ifeesd-16.2016.188.

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Oksanen, M. "36. Things, patents, and genetically modified animals". In 14th Congress of the European Society for Agricultural and Food Ethics. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-869-8_36.

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Wunderlich, S., e M. Vecchione. "Genetically modified food and its impact on the environment". In ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eid140381.

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Sheng, Yao, Xiao-Zhe Qi, Shi-Wen Han, Ming-Zhang Guo, Yi-Fei Liu, Shi-Ying Zou, Si-Yuan Chen et al. "Food Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Rice Expressing Human Serum Albumin". In 2015 International Conference on Medicine and Biopharmaceutical. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814719810_0171.

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D.S., Sarkisian, Kutyga M.A. e Milyaeva L.V. "THE ROLE OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS IN THE MODERN WORLD". In INTERNATIONAL FORUM "YOUTH IN THE AGRIBUSINESS". DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/young.2022.33-36.

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Abstract (sommario):
The article deals with the problems and prospects for the use of genetically modified products in food production. The main products that contain a large amount of GMOs are given. Advantages and disadvantages are revealed.
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B.C., Meskhi, Mozgovoy A.V., Rudoy D.V., Olshevskaya A.V., Saakian S.R. e Maltseva T.A. "REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF NEW FOOD TYPES". In OF THE ANNIVERSARY Х INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION» («ITSE 2022» CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itse.2022.97-102.

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Abstract (sommario):
The article presents an overview of the main foods of the new generation: synthesized foods, genetically modified foods; functional foods; vegetable products (vegetarian); fermented foods; dietary foods. The characteristic of each type is given, the prospects of their use are described.
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"Climate Change and Food Insecurity: Genetically Modified Food as a Panacea to the Hunger and Nutritional Issues in Nigeria". In International Conference on Arts, Economics and Management. International Centre of Economics, Humanities and Management, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/icehm.ed0314096.

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Hirzinger, T., e K. Menrad. "Implementation of the EU-Legislation of Genetically Modified Organisms in the German Food and Feed Industry with specific emphasis on GMO-testing". In 13th World Congress of Food Science & Technology. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/iufost:20060502.

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Minaeva, L. P., O. V. Bagryantseva e S. A. Sheveleva. "SUBSTANTIATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR A NEW FOOD PRODUCTS OBTAINED BY MICROBIAL SYNTHESIS". In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-2-1.24-30.

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The article presents an analysis of scientific data on microbial synthesis products that are used in the production of new types of food products; the main potential risks to human health in the use of products obtained using microbial synthesis with genetically modified strains have been identified; the main criteria for assessing the risk to human health of products of a new type of microbial origin and updating the microbiological safety requirements for such products are given.
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Nandhini, R., K. Surya Prakash, S. Deena Dayalan e D. Kowsar Ahamed. "Genetically modified food test using photodiode sensor and laser platform using the fine steer mirror and embedded system". In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING - 2023. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0216456.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Genetically modified food"

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Jelsoe, Erling, a cura di. Europe the spoil-sport. On the Europeans� reluctance towards genetically modified food. Vienna: self, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ita/pa-ht_00_1.

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Ihle, Rico, e Justus Wesseler. Ontwikkelingen rond gg-voedsel in de Nederlandse winkelschappen = marketing patterns of genetically modified food in Dutch grocery stores. Wageningen: Wageningen University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/660236.

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Risk Assessment, FSA Regulated Products. Safety Assessment: Outcome of the assessment of 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) as a novel food. Food Standards Agency, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.crr177.

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The novel food is 3-FL which is intended to be used as a source of human identical milk oligosaccharides. 3-FL is manufactured by microbial fermentation using a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli K-12, and then refined to yield the purified novel food. This new application is seeking to use the novel food within the food following categories: dairy products and analogues, bakery wares, foods for special groups, beverages, and also as a food supplement. Food supplements are not intended to be used if other foods with added 3-FL or breast milk are consumed the same day. To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The Committee concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, 3-FL, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in foods and food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous and does not mislead consumers. The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
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Risk Assessment, FSA Regulated Products. Safety Assessment: Outcome of the assessment of lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-l) and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) as a novel food. Food Standards Agency, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.cmi652.

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An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in March 2021 from Glycom A/S, Denmark (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of a mixture of lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-l) and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) as a novel food. The novel food is a mixture of LNFP-l and 2'-FL which is intended to be used as a source of human identical milk oligosaccharides. LNFP-l/2'-FL is manufactured by microbial fermentation using a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli K-12, and then refined to yield the purified novel food. This new application is seeking to use the novel food within the following food categories: dairy products and analogues, bakery wares, foods for special groups, beverages, and also as a food supplement. Food supplements are not intended to be used if other foods with added LNFP-l/2’-FL or breast milk are consumed the same day. To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The Committee concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, LNFP-l/2’-FL, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in foods and food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous and does not mislead consumers. The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS on LNFP-l/2’-FL.
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Pexas, Georgios, Ilias Kyriazakis e Bob Doherty. The Future of Animal Feed. Food Standards Agency, aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.gzi586.

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Abstract (sommario):
The feed-food competition for environmental and economic resources raises increasing concerns about the production and supply of protein for the global livestock sector. Risks to food-security and approaching deadlines for global sustainable development, means exploring the potential for alternative protein feeds is imperative. However, as the use of alternative feeds for livestock production is still at its infancy, it is critical that potential direct or indirect food safety risks are evaluated before implementation at commercial scales. This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) offers a lens that focuses on the potential opportunities and threats of such alternatives for the sustainability and food safety of the global livestock sector. Four potential alternative protein sources for livestock feeds are identified and evaluated through this REA: genetically modified / engineered protein crops and alternative cultivation methods cellular agriculture former foods, food waste and industry by-products and waste streams animal by-products and insects Through this analysis, a strategic policy roadmap and research agenda are synthesised to facilitate higher-level policy making, supporting local solutions for global sustainable development and a more food-secure future. The four broad directions for policy making and research the REA proposes are: decoupling protein production from fossil fuel developing sustainable economic strategies for alternative proteins at a subnational level supporting circular livestock feed solutions further enhancing the feed and food regulatory system
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Sauter, A., a cura di. Genetically modified plants and foods. Challenges and future issues in Europe. Vienna: self, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ita-e2-2c20.

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Moser, Celeste. Public opinion and public engagement with genetically modified foods : a qualitative study. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6162.

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Zilberman, David, Amir Heiman e Yanhong Jin. Use of Branding and Sampling in Agricultural Fresh Produce. United States Department of Agriculture, luglio 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7697116.bard.

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The original proposal has three main objectives: a conceptual framework on willingness to pay (WTP) for fruits and vegetables, the introduction of branding and sampling in fresh food, and empirical applications to the United States and Israel. We modified our research plan over time based on availability of data and emergence of new problems. We expanded the range of products to include poultry and the range of techniques to use real experiments as well as more traditional surveys. We expanded the range of problems to understand attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) food. There is a growing interest in introduction of marketing tools like demonstration sampling, money-back guarantees, labeling, and brands in agriculture. These marketing tools are important for enhancing demand for agricultural products and food safety. However, the methodology needed to assess the effectiveness of these tools and understand their performance in different agricultural sectors is limited. Our analysis demonstrated the importance of brands as a marketing tool in agriculture. In particular, we showed conceptually that strong brands can be substitutes for other marketing tools like sampling or demonstration. We were able to conduct real experiments for the demand for safe chicken and show that consumers are willing to pay significantly more for products branded as more safe. Yet, using experiments in Israel and the United States, we found that WTP for brands of fresh fruits and vegetables is smaller than in other product categories. Warning labels are a sort of negative branding. The GM-free labeling is particularly important since it serves as a trade barrier to U.S. crops exports. Our analysis of acceptance of GM products found that WTP for GM products in Israel and the United States depends on framing of information about the impact ofGM and the quantity of information disclosed. Finally, in analyzing the evolution of support for Proposition 37 that aimed to introduce mandatory labeling of GM in California, we found that support for mandatory labeling ofGM products is broad as long as it is not perceived to be costly. Our project demonstrates the feasibility of conducting real experiments to assess consumer demand in agriculture. When looking at interdisciplinary groups, one can design new products and assess the WTP for their characteristics. We also show that, while branding is a very strong marketing tool, its use in fresh fruit and vegetables is likely to be limited. However, brands can be important with processed food. Furthermore, we have proven that, while some consumers strongly object to GM products, most consumers in the United States and Israel would be willing to buy them for a discount, and some would pay extra if they are associated with improved characteristics. Finally, we expanded the notion of warning labels to calorie information and showed that the response to calorie information depends on gender, education, and how the information is presented.
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Burns, Malcom, e Gavin Nixon. Literature review on analytical methods for the detection of precision bred products. Food Standards Agency, settembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ney927.

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Abstract (sommario):
The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act (England) aims to develop a science-based process for the regulation and authorisation of precision bred organisms (PBOs). PBOs are created by genetic technologies but exhibit changes which could have occurred through traditional processes. This current review, commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA), aims to clarify existing terminologies, explore viable methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of products of precision breeding techniques, address and identify potential solutions to the analytical challenges presented, and provide recommendations for working towards an infrastructure to support detection of precision bred products in the future. The review includes a summary of the terminology in relation to analytical approaches for detection of precision bred products. A harmonised set of terminology contributes towards promoting further understanding of the common terms used in genome editing. A review of the current state of the art of potential methods for the detection, identification and quantification of precision bred products in the UK, has been provided. Parallels are drawn with the evolution of synergistic analytical approaches for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), where molecular biology techniques are used to detect DNA sequence changes in an organism’s genome. The scope and limitations of targeted and untargeted methods are summarised. Current scientific opinion supports that modern molecular biology techniques (i.e., quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), digital PCR (dPCR) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)) have the technical capability to detect small alterations in an organism’s genome, given specific prerequisites of a priori information on the DNA sequence of interest and of the associated flanking regions. These techniques also provide the best infra-structure for developing potential approaches for detection of PBOs. Should sufficient information be known regarding a sequence alteration and confidence can be attributed to this being specific to a PBO line, then detection, identification and quantification can potentially be achieved. Genome editing and new mutagenesis techniques are umbrella terms, incorporating a plethora of approaches with diverse modes of action and resultant mutational changes. Generalisations regarding techniques and methods for detection for all PBO products are not appropriate, and each genome edited product may have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. The application of modern molecular biology techniques, in isolation and by targeting just a single alteration, are unlikely to provide unequivocal evidence to the source of that variation, be that as a result of precision breeding or as a result of traditional processes. In specific instances, detection and identification may be technically possible, if enough additional information is available in order to prove that a DNA sequence or sequences are unique to a specific genome edited line (e.g., following certain types of Site-Directed Nucelase-3 (SDN-3) based approaches). The scope, gaps, and limitations associated with traceability of PBO products were examined, to identify current and future challenges. Alongside these, recommendations were made to provide the infrastructure for working towards a toolkit for the design, development and implementation of analytical methods for detection of PBO products. Recognition is given that fully effective methods for PBO detection have yet to be realised, so these recommendations have been made as a tool for progressing the current state-of-the-art for research into such methods. Recommendations for the following five main challenges were identified. Firstly, PBOs submitted for authorisation should be assessed on a case-by-case basis in terms of the extent, type and number of genetic changes, to make an informed decision on the likelihood of a molecular biology method being developed for unequivocal identification of that specific PBO. The second recommendation is that a specialist review be conducted, potentially informed by UK and EU governmental departments, to monitor those PBOs destined for the authorisation process, and actively assess the extent of the genetic variability and mutations, to make an informed decision on the type and complexity of detection methods that need to be developed. This could be further informed as part of the authorisation process and augmented via a publicly available register or database. Thirdly, further specialist research and development, allied with laboratory-based evidence, is required to evaluate the potential of using a weight of evidence approach for the design and development of detection methods for PBOs. This concept centres on using other indicators, aside from the single mutation of interest, to increase the likelihood of providing a unique signature or footprint. This includes consideration of the genetic background, flanking regions, off-target mutations, potential CRISPR/Cas activity, feasibility of heritable epigenetic and epitranscriptomic changes, as well as supplementary material from supplier, origin, pedigree and other documentation. Fourthly, additional work is recommended, evaluating the extent/type/nature of the genetic changes, and assessing the feasibility of applying threshold limits associated with these genetic changes to make any distinction on how they may have occurred. Such a probabilistic approach, supported with bioinformatics, to determine the likelihood of particular changes occurring through genome editing or traditional processes, could facilitate rapid classification and pragmatic labelling of products and organisms containing specific mutations more readily. Finally, several scientific publications on detection of genome edited products have been based on theoretical principles. It is recommended to further qualify these using evidenced based practical experimental work in the laboratory environment. Additional challenges and recommendations regarding the design, development and implementation of potential detection methods were also identified. Modern molecular biology-based techniques, inclusive of qPCR, dPCR, and NGS, in combination with appropriate bioinformatics pipelines, continue to offer the best analytical potential for developing methods for detecting PBOs. dPCR and NGS may offer the best technical potential, but qPCR remains the most practicable option as it is embedded in most analytical laboratories. Traditional screening approaches, similar to those for conventional transgenic GMOs, cannot easily be used for PBOs due to the deficit in common control elements incorporated into the host genome. However, some limited screening may be appropriate for PBOs as part of a triage system, should a priori information be known regarding the sequences of interest. The current deficit of suitable methods to detect and identify PBOs precludes accurate PBO quantification. Development of suitable reference materials to aid in the traceability of PBOs remains an issue, particularly for those PBOs which house on- and off-target mutations which can segregate. Off-target mutations may provide an additional tool to augment methods for detection, but unless these exhibit complete genetic linkage to the sequence of interest, these can also segregate out in resulting generations. Further research should be conducted regarding the likelihood of multiple mutations segregating out in a PBO, to help inform the development of appropriate PBO reference materials, as well as the potential of using off-target mutations as an additional tool for PBO traceability. Whilst recognising the technical challenges of developing and maintaining pan-genomic databases, this report recommends that the UK continues to consider development of such a resource, either as a UK centric version, or ideally through engagement in parallel EU and international activities to better achieve harmonisation and shared responsibilities. Such databases would be an invaluable resource in the design of reliable detection methods, as well as for confirming that a mutation is as a result of genome editing. PBOs and their products show great potential within the agri-food sector, necessitating a science-based analytical framework to support UK legislation, business and consumers. Differentiating between PBOs generated through genome editing compared to organisms which exhibit the same mutational change through traditional processes remains analytically challenging, but a broad set of diagnostic technologies (e.g., qPCR, NGS, dPCR) coupled with pan-genomic databases and bioinformatics approaches may help contribute to filling this analytical gap, and support the safety, transparency, proportionality, traceability and consumer confidence associated with the UK food chain.
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Comparing international approaches to food safety regulation of GM and Novel Foods. Food Standards Agency, agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.rdg239.

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Abstract (sommario):
The global area of genetically modified (GM) crop production has considerably increased over the past two decades, with GM crops now cultivated in about 28 countries, accounting for over 10% of the world’s arable land. A 'novel food' is any food or substance that has not been used for human consumption to a significant degree within the EU before 15 May 1997. Since then, there has been over 90 novel foods authorisations approved for use by the EU. Novel foods and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are subject to a large variation in regulatory approaches around the world, for which many countries have specifically developed their own regulatory frameworks to control the placement of such products on their markets.
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