Tesi sul tema "Génération de graphes dynamiques"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Génération de graphes dynamiques".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Duvignau, Romaric. "Maintenance et simulation de graphes aléatoires dynamiques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0177/document.
Testo completoWe study the problem of maintaining a given distribution of randomgraphs under an arbitrary sequence of vertex insertions and deletions. Keeping inmind our objective to model the evolution of dynamic logical networks, we work ina local model where we do not have direct access to the list of all vertices. Instead,we assume access to a global primitive that returns a random vertex, chosen uniformlyfrom the whole vertex set. The maintenance problem has been explored onseveral simple random graph models (Erdos–Rényi random graphs, pairing modelbased random graphs, uniform k-out graphs). For each model, one or several updatealgorithms for the maintenance task have been described and analyzed ; the mostelaborate of them are asymptically optimal. The maintenance task rise several simulationissues linked to our distributed context. In particular, we have focused onmaintenability of random graph distributions and simulability of families of probabilitydistributions over integers in our local random model. Special attention hasbeen paid to efficient simulation of particular distributions we were interested in(certain binomial distributions). The latter has been obtained through the use ofproperties of a new generation tree for permutations, which has been introducedalong the way
Bridonneau, Vincent. "Generation and Analysis of Dynamic Graphs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH23.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we investigate iterative processes producing a flow of graphs. These processes findapplications both in complex networks and time-varying graphs. Starting from an initial configurationcalled a seed, these processes produce a continuous flow of graphs. A key question arises when theseprocesses impose no constraints on the size of the generated graphs: under what conditions can we ensurethat the graphs do not become empty? And how can we account for the changes between successive stepsof the process? To address the first question, we introduced the concept of sustainability, which verifieswhether an iterative process is likely to produce graphs with periodic behaviors. We defined and studied agraph generator that highlights the many challenges encountered when exploring this notion. Regardingthe second question, we designed a metric to quantify the changes occurring between two consecutive stepsof the process. This metric was tested on various generators as well as on real-world data, demonstratingits ability to capture the dynamics of a network, whether artificial or real. The study of these two conceptshas opened the door to many new questions and strengthened the connections between complex networkanalysis and temporal graph theory
Six, Béranger. "Génération automatique de modèles pour la supervision des systèmes dynamiques hybrides : application aux systèmes ferroviaires". Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I048.
Testo completoThis thesis work contributes to perform a automed model builder for Hybrid Dynamic Systems (HDS) with numerous modes. Technological components including sensors with an iconic format can be automatically export from a computer-aided design (CAD) scheme or manually drag from database and interconnected, so as to produce the overall HDS model, following industrial technological schemes. Once the model has been created, block diagram for simulation and diagnosis and a Fault Signature Matrix (FSM) could be generated.The theory and algorithm behind the software are based on Hybrid Bond Graphs (HBG). The switching behaviour engenders variables dynamics (particularly causal changes). To solve this problematic, news algorithm are performed. Compared with developed programs for automated modelling, the presented algorithm are valid for continuous, discrete and hybrid systems. The theory is illustrated by an industrial application which consists of the pneumo-electrical control of rolling stock
Rahal, Mohamed Ilyas. "Génération d'algorithmes de diagnostic robustes à base de modèles bond graph hybrides". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10029/document.
Testo completoThe present PH.D thesis deals with integrated design of robust Fault Detection and Isolation system (FDI) based on Hybrid Bond Graph (HBG) in Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) form. Based on consulted literature about hybrid systems, each operating mode is mainly modelled by specific model for which are generated determinist fault indicators. The innovative interest of developed research can be summarized as follows: (1) use only one HBG uncertain model based on controlled junctions and representing all operating modes, (2) structural and causal properties of the LFT HBG are exploited for systematic generation of Global Analytical Redundancy Relations (GARRs), and detection thresholds, robust to parameter uncertainties, and (3) finally use of only one tool: the Diagnosis Hybrid Bond Graph (DHBG) for not only modelling but also for online surveillance. The developed approach is illustrated by electrical circuit pedagogical example and application to hydraulic system
Gilbert, Frédéric. "Méthodes et modèles pour la visualisation de grandes masses de données multidimensionnelles nominatives dynamiques". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14498/document.
Testo completoSince ten years, informations visualization domain knows a real interest.Recently, with the growing of communications, the research on social networks analysis becomes strongly active. In this thesis, we present results on dynamic social networks analysis. That means that we take into account the temporal aspect of data. We were particularly interested in communities extraction within networks and their evolutions through time. [...]
Crespelle, Christophe. "Représentations dynamiques de graphes". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402838.
Testo completoLes connexions entre les trois types de représentation précités sont exploitées pour la conception d'algorithmes de reconnaissance entièrement dynamiques pour les cographes orientés, les graphes de permutation et les graphes d'intervalles. Pour les cographes orientés, l'algorithme présenté est de complexité optimale, il traite les modifications de sommet en temps O(d), où d est le degré du sommet en question, et les modifications d'arête en temps constant. Les algorithmes pour les graphes de permutation et les graphes d'intervalles ont la même complexité : les modifications d'arête et de sommet sont traitées en temps O(n), où n est le nombre de sommets du graphe. Une des contributions du mémoire est de mettre en lumière des similarités très fortes entre les opérations d'ajout d'un sommet dans un graphe de permutation et dans un graphe d'intervalles.
L'approche mise en oeuvre dans ce mémoire est assez générale pour laisser entrevoir les mêmes possibilités algorithmiques pour d'autres classes de graphes définies géométriquement.
Effantin, dit Toussaint Brice. "Colorations de graphes et génération exhaustive d'arbres". Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS021.
Testo completoVernet, Mathilde. "Modèles et algorithmes pour les graphes dynamiques". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH12.
Testo completoGraph problems have been widely studied in the case of static graphs. However, these graphs do not allow a time dimension to be considered, even though time is an important variable for the situations to model. Dynamic graphs make it possible to model evolution over time. This is a reason to wonder about graph problems in a dynamic context. First, it is necessary to define the most appropriate dynamic graphs model and the precise problem on those graphs. When the problem cannot be efficiently solved directly using known static graph methods, an algorithm specific to dynamic graphs must be designed and analyzed theoretically and practically.With that approach, this thesis' objective is to study graph problems' extensions to dynamic graphs. This works deals with several graph problems in a dynamic context by focusing on algorithmic aspects and without considering application domains
Durbec, Amélia. "Dynamiques causales de graphes réversibles et quantiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0459.
Testo completoCausal graph dynamics are a twofold extension of cellular automata: the underlying grid is extended to an arbitrary graph of bounded degree and the graph itself can evolve in time.In the reversible regime, we prove that causal graph dynamics can be reversible while creating/destroying vertices, through three different models that we prove to be equivalent.Based on these results, we exhibit causal dynamics that are both reversible and increasing in space, which brings new insights into the compatibility between the time arrow and reversibility. We define a notion of graph subshifts, which can be used to study causal dynamics of graphs by unifying temporal and spatial dimensions, in the same way that 1D cellular automata can be studied with 2D subshifts of finite type.In the quantum regime, our first contribution is to provide a rigorous definition of state space. A notable question was whether vertex names are necessary; we prove they are indeed necessary in order to prevent faster-than-light signaling. We also point out that renaming on graphs is the natively discrete analog of coordinate changes
Maag, Maria Coralia Laura. "Apprentissage automatique de fonctions d'anonymisation pour les graphes et les graphes dynamiques". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066050/document.
Testo completoData privacy is a major problem that has to be considered before releasing datasets to the public or even to a partner company that would compute statistics or make a deep analysis of these data. Privacy is insured by performing data anonymization as required by legislation. In this context, many different anonymization techniques have been proposed in the literature. These techniques are difficult to use in a general context where attacks can be of different types, and where measures are not known to the anonymizer. Generic methods able to adapt to different situations become desirable. We are addressing the problem of privacy related to graph data which needs, for different reasons, to be publicly made available. This corresponds to the anonymized graph data publishing problem. We are placing from the perspective of an anonymizer not having access to the methods used to analyze the data. A generic methodology is proposed based on machine learning to obtain directly an anonymization function from a set of training data so as to optimize a tradeoff between privacy risk and utility loss. The method thus allows one to get a good anonymization procedure for any kind of attacks, and any characteristic in a given set. The methodology is instantiated for simple graphs and complex timestamped graphs. A tool has been developed implementing the method and has been experimented with success on real anonymized datasets coming from Twitter, Enron or Amazon. Results are compared with baseline and it is showed that the proposed method is generic and can automatically adapt itself to different anonymization contexts
Maag, Maria Coralia Laura. "Apprentissage automatique de fonctions d'anonymisation pour les graphes et les graphes dynamiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066050.
Testo completoData privacy is a major problem that has to be considered before releasing datasets to the public or even to a partner company that would compute statistics or make a deep analysis of these data. Privacy is insured by performing data anonymization as required by legislation. In this context, many different anonymization techniques have been proposed in the literature. These techniques are difficult to use in a general context where attacks can be of different types, and where measures are not known to the anonymizer. Generic methods able to adapt to different situations become desirable. We are addressing the problem of privacy related to graph data which needs, for different reasons, to be publicly made available. This corresponds to the anonymized graph data publishing problem. We are placing from the perspective of an anonymizer not having access to the methods used to analyze the data. A generic methodology is proposed based on machine learning to obtain directly an anonymization function from a set of training data so as to optimize a tradeoff between privacy risk and utility loss. The method thus allows one to get a good anonymization procedure for any kind of attacks, and any characteristic in a given set. The methodology is instantiated for simple graphs and complex timestamped graphs. A tool has been developed implementing the method and has been experimented with success on real anonymized datasets coming from Twitter, Enron or Amazon. Results are compared with baseline and it is showed that the proposed method is generic and can automatically adapt itself to different anonymization contexts
Janaqi, Stefan. "Quelques éléments de la géométrie des graphes : graphes médians, produits d'arbres, génération convexe des graphes de Polymino". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10093.
Testo completoEmbe, Jiague Michel. "Génération de graphes d'accessibilité à partir de structures réplicables". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4780.
Testo completoBertault, Francois. "Génération et tracé de structures décomposables". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557784.
Testo completoWade, Ahmed mouhamadou. "Complexité de l'exploration par agent mobile des graphes dynamiques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0484/document.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we study the complexity of the problem of exploration by a mobileagent in dynamic graphs. A mobile entity (called agent) moving in a dynamic graph hasto traverse/visit each of its vertices at least once. This fundamental problem in computatingby mobile agents has been well-studied in static graphs since the original paper ofClaude Shannon. However, for highly dynamic graphs, only the case of periodic dynamicgraphs has been studied. We study this problem in two families of dynamic graphs,periodically-varying graphs (PV-graphs) and T-interval-connected dynamic graphs. Theobtained results improve the existing results and give optimal bounds on the studiedproblems
Martiel, Simon. "Approches informatique et mathématique des dynamiques causales de graphes". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4043/document.
Testo completoCellular Automata constitute one of the most established model of discrete physical transformations that accounts for euclidean space. They implement three fundamental symmetries of physics: causality, homogeneity and finite density of information. Even though their origins lies in physics, they are widely used to model spatially distributed computation (self-replicating machines, synchronization problems,...), as well as a great variety of multi-agents phenomena (traffic jams, demographics,...). While being one of the most studied model of distributed computation, their rigidity forbids any trivial extension toward time-varying topology, which is a fundamental requirement when it comes to modelling phenomena in biology, sociology or physics: for instance when looking for a discrete formulation of general relativity. Causal graph dynamics generalize cellular automata to arbitrary, bounded degree, time-varying graphs. In this work, we generalize the fundamental structure results of cellular automata for this type of transformations. We endow our graphs with a compact metric space structure, and follow two approaches. An axiomatic approach based on the notions of continuity and shift-invariance, and a constructive approach, where a local rule is applied synchronously on every vertex of the graph. Compactness allows us to show the equivalence of these two definitions, extending the famous result of Curtis-Hedlund-Lyndon’s theorem. Another physics-inspired symmetry is then added to the model, namely reversibility
Soguet, David. "Génération automatique d'algorithmes linéairesDécomposition de graphes, logique, stratégies de capture". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112067.
Testo completoIn both parts of this thesis, we use automata to solve in a decentralised manner some graphs problems, i. E. The automata do not have a global vision of the graph in which they move, and each automaton makes local decisions using the information available on the node on which it stands. We study the impact of this information on the number of automata or the memory (state, whiteboard) that are necessary for the resolution of the problem. In the first part, we consider some methods of generation of linear algorithms that have been proposed in the literature to solve the problems expressed in monadic second order logic on graphs of bounded treewidth or of bounded cliquewidth. Although the generated algorithms are linear, the multiplicative constant of these algorithms can be very large, making them difficult to use. We have nevertheless implemented a method of generation based on the automata, and we have proved that, for a certain number of properties, the algorithms obtained are usable in practice. In the second part, we consider the problem of distributed graph searching. In a given graph, the goal is that a team, using a minimum number of searchers who calculate their own strategy, capture a fugitive arbitrarily fast and invisible. We study the compromise between the number of searchers and the quantity of information to provide on the environment to capture the fugitive
Boria, Nicolas. "Optimisation combinatoire et environnements dynamiques". Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/7232.
Testo completoGautero, François. "CW-complexes dynamiques". Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE5137.
Testo completoBertault, François. "Génération et tracé de structures décomposables". Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10297.
Testo completoThe main goal of the thesis is to conceive algorithms and tools to assist people who study a special kind of combinatorial structures, namely decomposable structures. The two major questions we try to solve are: How to generate, randomly or by some systematic procedure, a decomposable structure; How to draw decomposable structures. Decornposable structures are combinatorial structures that are recursively described using a small set of constructors. The idea consists in considering a structure as a process of construction from simpler structures. The main interest of the decomposable structure theory is that we can describe an infinite number of different sets of structures, including permutations, varions kind of trees or functional graphs, for which we can solve counting and random generation problems. Possible applications are the average case analysis of algorithms and the production of test inputs for the experimental validation of programs. We propose an algorithm for drawing decomposable structures based on the translation into special graphs, that we call composed graphs, in which bath inclusion and adjacency relationships can exist. The principle is based on the translation of decomposable structures into composed graphs, i. E. Graphs with both inclusion and adjacency relationships. The drawing of composed graph is achieved by using different classical graph drawing algorithm together. The number of algorithms that can be used on a sarne drawing is infinite. The only restriction is that the algorithms must be able to draw graphs with arbitrary node sizes. We present two graph drawing software realisations that we wrote in order to validate the algorithms presented in the thesis. They can be linked to combinatorial structure generation programs in order to form integrated systems. We also investigate their use for the visualisation of large data structures
Fuseiller, Guillaume. "Perception et génération de trajectoires en cobotique dans des environnements dynamiques". Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0103.
Testo completoThe appearance in the early 2010s of collaborative robots in parallel with the development of industry 4.0 prompted manufacturers to rethink robotics. Theintegration of robots in contact with humans makes it possible to combine their strengths in terms of flexibility and adaptability to complex tasks. However, many challenges are posed to the robotics community by these new practices and in particular: howto secure the interaction between Human and Robot. We propose to address this problem by proposing a complete pipeline allowing the robot to move autonomously in the space shared with humans while guaranteeing its safety. For this we build a representation of the robot's workspace in the form of a 3D semantic occupation grid from the robot's perception of its environment. We then project in real time the obstacles and humans present in the robot's work area to the configurationsspace, a representation adapted to robotic arms. Using the medialaxis in the configurationsspace, the robot's trajectory towards the objective is calculated as far as possible from obstacles. We adapt this trajectory to the dynamic change of the environment and modulate its speed according to the distance separating the human and the robot. The interest of this method has been demonstrated in simulation and with real experiments on collaborative robots in an industrial context
Baudon, Olivier. "Cabri-graphes : un cahier de brouillon interactif pour la théorie des graphes". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648847.
Testo completoDarrasse, Alexis. "Structures arborescentes complexes : analyse combinatoire, génération aléatoire et applications". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066024.
Testo completoRivière, Romain. "Algorithmes de graphes pour l'analyse des séquences et structures génomiques". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112157.
Testo completoThis thesis aims to develop methods for the study of motifs in biological structures. In the first part of this work, I deal with DNA motifs. DNA can be represented by a word on the alphabet A, C, G, T. We stand in the shuffling model, in which the number of occurrences of the factors of size k are fixed. I develop an algorithm for uniform random generation of shuffled sequences, where some motifs are chosen to appear a priori. In an algorithmic point of view, this problem consists of several subproblems which I show to be NP-complete. In a biological point of view, those random sequences allow to estimate Z-scores for motifs when one knows that others are present. This is very important when dealing with the search for motifs corresponding to secondary signals. I develop the SMACK software, which allows to generate sequences uniformly at random in the constraint shuffling model and to estimate Z-scores of all the motifs of a given length. The second part of my work is about motifs in RNA. The RNA molecule is represented by a mixed graph, with bounded degree and a known hamiltonian path. I define a RNA motif to be a connected induced subgraph and I develop an efficient algorithm to enumerate them. Then, I consider several coloration models for RNA graphs in order to obtain more or less precision with the model. For all of these models, I present canonical labels for the RNA motifs. It allows to count occurences of the motifs simply by comparing words. The next step is to compare those occurences with those obtained with models of random RNA. In particular, I deal with the case of an hamiltonian graph model and with the case of a secondary structure model based on the use of the GenRGenS software. This methodology is applied to an 23S RNA which is a part of the large ribosomal subunit of Haloarcula marismortui. This allows us to present motifs that could be meaningful
Gazzotti, Raphaël. "Prédiction d’hospitalisation par la génération de caractéristiques extraites de graphes de connaissances". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4018.
Testo completoThe use of electronic medical records (EMRs) and electronic prescribing are priorities in the various European action plans on connected health. The development of the EMR is a tremendous source of data; it captures all symptomatic episodes in a patient’s life and should lead to improved medical and care practices, as long as automatic treatment procedures are set up.As such, we are working on hospitalization prediction based on EMRs and after having represented them in vector form, we enrich these models in order to benefit from the knowledge resulting from referentials, whether generalist or specific in the medical field, in order to improve the predictive power of automatic classification algorithms. Determining the knowledge to be extracted with the objective of integrating it into vector representations is both a subjective task and intended for experts, we will see a semi-supervised procedure to partially automate this process.As a result of our research, we designed a product for general practitioners to prevent their patients from being hospitalized or at least improve their health. Thus, through a simulation, it will be possible for the doctor to evaluate the factors involved on the risk of hospitalization of his patient and to define the preventive actions to be planned to avoid the occurrence of this event.This decision support algorithm is intended to be directly integrated into the physician consultation software. For this purpose, we have developed in collaboration with many professional bodies, including the first to be concerned, general practitioners
Albano, Alice. "Dynamique des graphes de terrain : analyse en temps intrinsèque". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066260/document.
Testo completoWe are surrounded by a multitude of interaction networks from different contexts. These networks can be modeled as graphs, called complex networks. They have a community structure, i.e. groups of nodes closely related to each other and less connected with the rest of the graph. An other phenomenon studied in complex networks in many contexts is diffusion. The spread of a disease is an example of diffusion. These phenomena are dynamic and depend on an important parameter, which is often little studied: the time scale in which they are observed. According to the chosen scale, the graph dynamics can vary significantly. In this thesis, we propose to study dynamic processes using a suitable time scale. We consider a notion of relative time which we call intrinsic time, opposed to "traditional" time, which we call extrinsic time. We first study diffusion phenomena using intrinsic time, and we compare our results with an extrinsic time scale. This allows us to highlight the fact that the same phenomenon observed at two different time scales can have a very different behavior. We then analyze the relevance of the use of intrinsic time scale for detecting dynamic communities. Comparing communities obtained according extrinsic and intrinsic scales shows that the intrinsic time scale allows a more significant detection than extrinsic time scale
Ouassir, Abdelmajid. "Contribution au diagnostic de systèmes dynamiques par l'utilisation de graphes orientés signés". Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1073.
Testo completoIn this thesis, an important class of qualitative causal models based on the Signed Directed Graph (SDG) was carried out. The SDG model consists of nodes symbolizing process variables, and signed directed arcs that represent the local cause and effet relationships between variables. Previous work on SDG models has not adequately addressed the role of feedback and complex dynamics. Disturbance propagation is restricted to feedforward path in the SDG and heuristics are applied to account for complex dynamic process behavior arising due to interactions in negative feedback loops. The heuristics are imcomplite as they do not account for all instances of dynamic behavior. In diagnostic applications, these limitations result in unnecessary losses of diagnostic resolution and the production of inaccurate diagnosis. The above limitations are crucial and have in the past reduced the potential applications of diagnostic systems based on SDG models. A rigorous analysis was performed and indicated that disturbance propagation assumptions (simple transition) and heuristics are inadequate, leading to the exclusion of inverse and compensatory response arising from interactions in non-control negative feedback loops in the SDG. On of the recurring concepts developed in this thesis has been the systematic use of "multiple transition" assumption. An algorithmic technique for deriving the knowledge base for online diagnostic reasoning program for continous process was developed. A nouvel feature of the technique is that certain behaviors not apparent from SDG models but result from global process interactions are automatically represented in the diagnostic knowledge base
Saab, Layale. "Génération de mouvements corps-complet sous contraintes pour des systèmes dynamiques anthropomorphes". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667668.
Testo completoTournaire, Hadrien. "Méthodologie pour génération de modèles réduits dynamiques multiphysiques : application aux open rotors". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC040/document.
Testo completoThe mechanical design of a system involves many investigations, notably the validation of its structural behaviour over its operating frequency range. This kind of analysis can be numerically performed using the finite element method, however in such a context, the required accuracy and detail level imply models whose significant sizes lead to time consuming simulations. Moreover, the optimization process of such a system may request numerous validation computations that turn out extremely slow the design process. In the framework of this PhD we target a reduction methodology whose main features are: being compact, dealing with non-linear displacement and recovering the damping effects of the model joint due to the contact-friction phenomenon
VENET, ARNAUD. "Analyse statique des systemes dynamiques de graphes dans les langages non types". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0073.
Testo completoCasteigts, Arnaud. "Contribution à l'algorithmique distribuée dans les réseaux mobiles ad hocCalculs locaux et réétiquetages de graphes dynamiques". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13430.
Testo completoAlbano, Alice. "Dynamique des graphes de terrain : analyse en temps intrinsèque". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066260.
Testo completoWe are surrounded by a multitude of interaction networks from different contexts. These networks can be modeled as graphs, called complex networks. They have a community structure, i.e. groups of nodes closely related to each other and less connected with the rest of the graph. An other phenomenon studied in complex networks in many contexts is diffusion. The spread of a disease is an example of diffusion. These phenomena are dynamic and depend on an important parameter, which is often little studied: the time scale in which they are observed. According to the chosen scale, the graph dynamics can vary significantly. In this thesis, we propose to study dynamic processes using a suitable time scale. We consider a notion of relative time which we call intrinsic time, opposed to "traditional" time, which we call extrinsic time. We first study diffusion phenomena using intrinsic time, and we compare our results with an extrinsic time scale. This allows us to highlight the fact that the same phenomenon observed at two different time scales can have a very different behavior. We then analyze the relevance of the use of intrinsic time scale for detecting dynamic communities. Comparing communities obtained according extrinsic and intrinsic scales shows that the intrinsic time scale allows a more significant detection than extrinsic time scale
Mostefaoui, Mustapha. "Analyse des propriétés temporelles des graphes d'événements valués continus". Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2100.
Testo completoAynaud, Thomas. "Détection de communautés dans les réseaux dynamiques". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066438.
Testo completoMost complex networks have a particular structure in which nodes are arranged in groups, called communities, with many internal links but only a few between them. The identification of communities gives insights on the structure of the graph and is important in many contexts. We will study this structure in the case of dynamic networks using two different approaches. The first approach consists in tracking communities over time by detecting them at every timestep and following their evolution. We will see that although very natural, this approach raises many questions of stability: the algorithms tend to change their results a lot even if the network changes only a little. This implies that the observed changes in the communities are in fact related to the algorithm and not to real transformations in network structure. We therefore propose an analysis of the instability of three algorithms and a solution to the instability. The second approach consists in detecting the community structure not just for a moment but for a period of time called the time window. The length of the time window is then a crucial problem and we propose a hierachical time segmentation method in time windows. Moreover, the time windows do not have to be contiguous allowing for example to detect a repeating structure. Finally, we conclude with applications to event detection on the Internet and segmentation of videos. We will show that we can detect events by finding the times when the structure changes abruptly. For the segmentation of videos, we also had stability issues and thus we have developed a more stable tracking and detection algorithm
Dia, Cheikh Tidiane. "Génération de modeles compacts thermiques dynamiques de composants electroniques via les algorithmes genetiques". Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100172/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is dedicated to the generation of behavioral thermal model for electronic component having multiple active sensitive chips. This innovative study focuses on the necessary improvements of the concept of steady-state and dynamic compact model in order to elaborate pertinent and accurate modeling practical techniques. To help the electronic designer to early identify the overheated electronic components, the purpose is to generate simplified models, capable to mimic the thermal behavior of sophisticated detailed models. These simplified or compact models using well-known thermal resistances network replicate the thermal path from the most sensitive elements to the external package surfaces and enable to accurately predict their temperatures as well as the case heat flow rates. Preliminary evaluations performed on the popular, plastic Quad Flat-pack No lead package family showed that the simplest network definition, restricted to the heating source and two external surfaces, is always insufficient to properly characterize the thermal response of real device. So our development of steady-state compact thermal model (CTM) for electronic component is based on a process flow defined by the European project DELPHI which was revised by the presented work to address multi-chip components. DELPHI style compact thermal model presents an enlarged node number, especially for the component external surfaces which are divided in a set of relevant areas
Gorram, Mohamed. "Génération et étude de guides d'onde dynamiques et reconfigurables induits par illumination latérale". Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ013S/document.
Testo completoThe realization transparent achievement of optical networks that do not need electronic components for the temporary detection and regenration of signals asks for optical routing and interconnection elements which are reconfigurable in short time, in the order of milliseconds in the case telecommunications networks. The use of optical waveguides in active materials made of active materials by conventional techniques, such as ion-indiffusion, proton exchange or ion implantation is badly suitable for this goal. These techniques give rise only to static waveguides close to the material surface and they are not easily modified. The technique of light inducing waveguides by lateral illumination developed in this work allows to cross an important step towards purely optical devices in which light is used to guide and manipulate light without resorting to complex manufacturing steps. The main advantage is that this effect can be erased, giving rise to dynamic structures that do note cause a permanent damage of the material. Another advantage is the versatility with respect to the form of the waveguides, that is defined by the structure imposed to control the illumination perpendicular to the direction of propagation. The feasibility of reconfigurable 1-dimensional waveguides has been experimentally demonstrated in the electro-optic ferroelectric crystals SrxBa1xNb2O6 (SBN, x=0.61) and Sn2P2S6 (SPS). The illuminating wavelengths used were 514 nm for SBN and 633 nm for SPS. Response and reconfiguration times of the order of 1 ms are shown to be possible in the case of SPS. The dynamics of the waveguides has been studied on the basis of theoretical treatment and numerical simulations. The evolution of light induced one-dimensional waveguides when the sustaining electric field is switched off leads to a novel kind of dynamic light deflection. We have studied this effect in detail using SBN and LiTaO3 crystals. Simulations of the beam propagation in the split waveguide on the base of a simple model lead to a good agreement with the experimental observations. Light modulation by the help of this effect has been demonstrated as well. Finally, we realized for the first time, the recording of dynamically reconfigurable bulk channel waveguides confined in two dimensions using lateral illumination technique. The experimental studies of the dependence of the output probe wave profile on the intensities of two control waves and on the applied electric field were found to be in good agreement with the expectations based on a simplified step profile for the photorefractive by induced refractive index change and on mode calculations
Cuenca, Pauta Erick. "Visualisation de données dynamiques et complexes : des séries temporelles hiérarchiques aux graphes multicouches". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS054/document.
Testo completoThe analysis of data that is increasingly complex, large and from different sources (e.g. internet, social medias, etc.) is a dificult task. However, it remains crucial for many fields of application. It implies, in order to extract knowledge, to better understand the nature of the data, its evolution or the many complex relationships it may contain. Information visualization is about visual and interactive representation methods to help a user to extract knowledge. The work presented in this document takes place in this context. At first, we are interested in the visualization of large hierarchical time series. After analyzing the different existing approaches, we present the MultiStream system for visualizing, exploring and comparing the evolution of the series organized into a hierarchical structure. We illustrate its use by two examples: emotions expressed in social media and the evolution of musical genres. In a second time, we tackle the problem of complex data modeled in the form of multilayer graphs (different types of edges can connect the nodes). More specifically, we are interested in the visual querying of large graphs and we present VERTIGo, a system which makes it possible to build queries, to launch them on a specific engine, to visualize/explore the results at different levels of details and to suggest new query extensions. We illustrate its use with a graph of co-authors from different communities
Béarée, Richard. "Prise en compte des phénomènes vibratoires dans la génération de commande des machines-outils à dynamique élevée". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001611.
Testo completoHiguet, Julien. "Études structurelles et dynamiques de systèmes atomiques ou moléculaires par génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555111.
Testo completoHiguet, Julien. "Etudes structurelles et dynamiques de systèmes atomiques ou moléculaires par génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14078/document.
Testo completoHigh harmonic generation is a well known phenomenon explained by a “three step” model: because of the high intensity field generated by an ultrashort laser pulse, an atom or a molecule can be tunnel ionized. The ejected electron is then accelerated by the intense electric field, and eventually can recombine on its parent ion, leading to the emission of a XUV photon. Because of the generating process in itself, this light source is a promising candidate to probe the electronic structure of atoms and molecules, with an attosecond/sub-nanometer potential resolution (1 as=10-18 s).In this work, we have studied the sensitivity of the emitted light (in terms of amplitude, but also phase and polarization) towards the electronic structure of the generating medium. We have first worked on atomic medium, then on molecules (N2, CO2, O2). Comparing the experimental results with numerical simulations shows the necessity to model finely the generation process and to go beyond commonly used approximations.We have also shown the possibility to perform high harmonic spectroscopy in order to measure dynamics of complex molecules, such as Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). This technic has obtained complementary results compared to classical spectroscopy and has revealed dynamics of the electronic wavepacket along a conical intersection. In this experiment, we have adapted conventionnal optical spectroscopy technics to the XUV spectral area, which significantly improved the signal over noise ratio
Azil, Azzedine. "Modélisation et simulation des systèmes dynamiques hybrides : formalisme Scicos et compilation". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112089.
Testo completoIn this thesis we present a methodology for modelling and simulation of hybrid dynamical systems. The main objective of this modelisation is the simulation of a complete system, i. E. The environment with control system and the way to satisfy the industerial needs such as validating the control laws. The main contribution of this thesis is extending the Scicos formalism to have a well defined mathemathical formalism to model and simulate a large class of hybrid dynamical system. Then we have implemented this formalism in compilation semantic that we have developped different aspects and compilation rules to make Scicos compiler robust and adapted to real-time applications. The new compiler generates a recursive model in which all activations are synchronous. So it is necerssary to use the simulator recursively. The simulation has been detailed with analysis and adaptation of different functions with their execution as wel as the their evolution. At last, the automatic code generation has been introduced. In this section, we have proposed a new contribution to obtain a code characterizing the description aslgorithm of any part of a Scicos diagram (discret or continuous). In general, this code is use ether to accelarate the scicos simulation ( by using a single standard block instead of a super block) or in real time applications
Eichler, Cédric. "Modélisation formelle de systèmes dynamiques autonomes : graphe, réécriture et grammaire". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30057/document.
Testo completoModern, large-scale systems are deployed in changing environments. They must dynamically adapt to context changes. In this scope, autonomic computing aims at reducing slow and costly human interventions, by building self-managed systems. Self-adaptability of a system is primarily based on a suitable description of its components, their interactions and the various states it can adopt. Various modeling approaches have been elaborated. They usually focus on some aspects or properties of dynamic systems and do not tackle each of self-management's requirements. This manuscript deals with graph-based representations of dynamic systems and their suitability for the implementation of autonomic computing's four fundamental properties : self-optimization, self-protection, self-healing and self-configuring. This thesis offers four principal theoretical and applied contributions. The first one is a methodology for the construction and generative characterization of transformations correct by construction whose application necessarily preserves a system's correctness. The second one consists in an extension of graph rewriting systems allowing to easily and efficiently represent, update, evaluate and configure a system's characteristics. An experimental study reveals a significant efficiency gain with regard to classical methods. The two lasts contribution are articulated around the design of two autonomic managers driving: (1) complex events processing requests and (2) any Machine-to-Machine system complying to the ETSI M2M2 standard
Hamaci, Samir. "Etude des graphes d'événements temporisés avec multiplieurs dans l'algèbre (min, +)". Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0021.
Testo completoTimed event graphs with multipliers form a subclass of Petri nets whose behavior can not be described by linear equations in (min, +) algebra. This nonlinearity is due to the presence of weights on arcs. This report is devoted to the study of dynamic systems modelled by discrete timed event graphs with multipliers and hybrid timed event graphs with multipliers. We tackle the problem of input-output representation of these graphs, in (min,+) algebra. To mitigate the problem of nonlinearity, an approach of modelling, based on operators, is proposed. A just in time control is calculated for discrete timed event graphs with multipliers. An extension of this control to the hybrid Timed event graphs with multipliers is presented. Then, the performance analysis of timed event graphs with multipliers, is tackled. We propose two linearization methods of these graphs, in the purpose to obtain a linear representation in (min, +) algebra, and to apply some basic results of the spectral theory, usually used to evaluate the performances of ordinary timed event graphs
Fotsu, Ngwompo Roger. "Contribution au dimensionnement des systèmes sur des critères dynamiques et énergétiques : approche par bond graph". Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0023.
Testo completoThe purpose of this work is to present a methodology to validate the size of a system components for its proper operation based on dynamic and energetic criteria. If some specifications of a desired performance are given and a structure of actuator system is chosen, then the problem considered here is to check that components of the actuator system are able to follow the desired dynamic while satisfying the power constraints. The modelling tool adopted is bond graph for its property of representing power transfer and interconnections between elements of a system. The links between sizing problem and inverse system have led us to study the problem of system inversion firstly using classical theory. We then propose a bond graph based method for invertibility study and a procedure for construction of inverse bond graph using the concept of bicausality. Some structural anal y sis on the inverse bond graph are carried out by exploiting the properties of bicausal bonds. These theoretical tools and the graphic representation of inverse model then allow us to develop a method for verification of the appropriateness of an actuator system to some performance specifications by checking the proper operation of the system at each lev el from the output to the input. For illustration, the proposed method is applied to the validation of a two-link manipulator actuators and it is thus possible to analyse the causes of saturations and to detect components which impose limitations to the performance of the system
Comby, Antoine. "Dynamiques ultrarapides de molécules chirales en phase gazeuse". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0230/document.
Testo completoChirality is a geometric property that characterizes objects that cannot be superposed on their mirror image. Our hands are an emblematic example of this, since they exist in two different forms, right and left. While chirality is observed at all scales in the universe, it plays a particularly important role in chemistry. A chiral molecule and its mirror image can react differently with their environment and be therapeutic or toxic. These effects obviously have immense repercussions on the animal and plant kingdom. It then becomes clear that it is essential to study precisely the dynamics of chiral chemical reactions.In this thesis, we studied the ultrafast dynamics of chiral molecules by laser sources of femtosecond duration ($10^{-15}$ s). Molecular chirality is generally difficult to detect, so we have used a recent technique, circular photoelectron dichroism (PECD), to generate a very important chiral signal. We have thus observed ultrafast molecular dynamics at the attosecond scale ($10^{-18}$ s), and highlighted relaxation and ionization dynamics never observed before.In parallel to these time-resolved studies, we have developed several experiments using a new high repetition rate, high mean power Yb fiber laser. We have developed a new method, by extending the PECD, that has allowed us to measure the composition of chiral samples quickly and accurately. Finally, we have developed an ultra-short XUV beamline with very high brightness ($sim 2$ mW). This source, coupled with a photoelectron and photoion coincidence detector, will be used to study chiral recognition mechanisms
Fatoux, Julien. "Mise en oeuvre d'un robot humanoïde et contribution à la génération de marches dynamiques optimales". Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2330/document.
Testo completoThe work developed in this thesis aims at generating optimal trajectories for dynamic walking motions that can be validated on an experimental platform.The device used is the locomotion system of a small size humanoid robot (80cm and 15kg) named Tidom. Its mechanical characteristics and control architecture are presented in the first chapter.A parametric optimization method is developed to generate walking step trajectories. It consists in approximating joint motion coordinates using C3-spline functions, made up of 4-order polynomials linked at times equally distributed along the motion time, up to jerk linking. The contact forces between stance foot and ground are approximated using spline functions of class C0. Joint acceleration and joint torques are continuous at the transitions between single and double support phases of a step to improve the robot control and to prevent mechanical damage. The optimization variables are discrete values of joint coordinates at connecting points, joint velocities and accelerations at phase bounds, discrete values of contact forces at connecting points during the double support phase. The step length and the relative length of the step phases are also accounted for. The walking velocity is the only data required for generating an optimal cyclic step.Some experiments presented in the last chapter are the first steps towards the implementation of optimal trajectories on the humanoid robot
Caglar, Alper Harun. "Structures adaptatives en fonction de la lumière : DARMIN comme outil de génération d'ambiances architecturales dynamiques". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25448.
Testo completoThis research proposes a virtual environment as a device for morphological representation of luminous ambiances generated by an adaptive and dynamic structure, linking the relationship between the outside and inside at the stage of architectural conception. This developed tool called DARMIN « Daylight Adaptive aRchitecture Modeling INterface », becomes an exploratory inductor within the creative process through its interactive system. The designer, in typologically formal exploration phase, exploits the potential and qualities of architectural space that luminous ambiances harbors. In this way, the proposed research offers the possibility of the emergence of new complex morphological responses supporting the process of design. It also allows designers to experiment with a wide range of possible solutions in a virtual laboratory, controlled design environment that enhances the creativity of the architect. Thus, the presented research is particularly interested in showing the potential of adaptive architectural structure that quantitatively and qualitatively improves the experience of internal and external space through the dynamic nature of the luminous ambiances.
Ghanem, Abdelmotaal Marwan Tarek. "Les centralités temporelles : étude de l'importance des noeuds dans les réseaux dynamiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS086.
Testo completoNowadays, interactions are a huge part of our daily life. These interactions can represent the diffusion of rumors, diseases, etc. Understanding how these interactions affect our life is quite important. A natural way to do so is using graph theory. However, this is not straightforward as studies show the temporal aspect, in other words, the order of interactions, should be taken into account. In this work, we concentrated on detecting the important individuals in these graphs using centrality metrics that take into account the temporal aspect. We proposed a comparison protocol that compares the different centrality metrics that exist. We applied it on several networks, which gave us insight on how the different metrics react. Secondly, we observed the high computational need of these centrality metrics. Therefore, we introduced a method to reduce this need. And finally, we introduced a novel centrality metric that we call ego-betweenness centrality
Castets, Mathieu. "Pavages réguliers et modélisation des dynamiques spatiales à base de graphes d'interaction : conception, implémentation, application". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS241/document.
Testo completoThe modelling and simulation of spatial dynamics, particularly for studying landscape changes or environmental issues, raises the question of integrating different forms of spatial representation within the same model. Ocelet is an approach for modelling spatial dynamics based on the original concept of interaction graph. Such a graph holds both the structure of a relation between entities of a model and the semantics describing its evolution. The relationships between spatial entities are here translated into interaction graphs and these graphs are made to evolve during a simulation. The concepts on which Ocelet is based can potentially handle two known forms of spatial representation: shapes with contours (vector format) or regular grid cells (raster). The vector format is already integrated in the first version of Ocelet. The integration of raster and the combination of the two remained to be studied and carried out. The aim of the thesis is to first study the issues related to the integration of continuous fields and their representation by regular tiling, both in the Ocelet language and the concepts on which it is based. The dynamic aspects of this integration had to be taken into account and transitions between different forms of geographic data and interaction graphs had to be studied in the light of the concepts formalized. The concepts were then implemented in the Ocelet modelling platform, with the adaptation of both its compiler and runtime. Finally, these new concepts and tools were tested in three very different cases: two models on Reunion Island, the first simulating runoff in Ravine Saint Gilles watershed in the West Coast of the island, the other simulating the spread of invasive plants in the high plains inside the Reunion National Park. The last case describes the spatialisation of a crop model and is applied here to simulate the cereal crop yields in West Africa, in the context of an early warning system for regional crop monitoring
Mezyani, Touria El. "Méthodologie de surveillance des systèmes dynamiques hybrides". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-122.pdf.
Testo completo