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Tesi sul tema "Gaz quantique 1D"
Dubois, Léa. "Dynamique hors d'équilibre d'un gaz de Bosons unidimensionnel étudiée via la mesure spatialement résolue de la distribution des quasiparticules". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP066.
Testo completoThis manuscript describes theoretical and experimental studies on characterizing one dimensionnal (1D) bose gas. To produce such a system, a Rubidium gas est trapped in a very transversally confining magnetic potential produced by an atom chip. Contrary to thermodynamic systems reaching an equilibrium described by several macroscopic parameters (pressure, temperature), this system relaxes towards a more complex state described by a function called the rapidity distribution. This function can be accessed experimentally : the rapidity distribution corresponds to the asymptotic atomic velocity distribution after a 1D expansion of the atoms. This quantity can also be extracted by studying the 1D expansion with the Generalized Hydrodynamic, an emerging theory with a lot of interest recently, specially conceived for studying these systems.A first study detailed in this manuscript consisted in characterizing 1D expansion of the gas. The evolution of the density profile and the evolution of phase fluctuations were analyzed and found to be compatible with theoretical predictions. A second project involved adding a spatial selection tool to produce non-equilibrium situations and to locally probe the rapidity distribution of the system. These measurements were performed on initial equilibrium and out of equilibrium situations. They are well understood with the predictions of Generalized Hydrodynamics
Reimann, Thomas. "Resonant spin dynamics and 3D-1D dimensional crossovers in ultracold Fermi gases". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE029/document.
Testo completoThe exploration of strongly correlated quantum many-body systems represents one of the most challenging fields of research of contemporary physics. Over the past thirty years, dilute vapors of neutral atoms suspended in vacuum and controlled with laser light have become a versatile and powerful platform for the study of such systems. At the very heart lies the ability to arbitrarily tune the interaction strength by means of magnetically induced Feshbach resonances as well as the possibility to create a wide range of potential landscapes via precisely tailored optical fields. This thesis reports on the recent results of the FerMix experiment, which is dedicated to the study of fermionic quantum many-body-systems at ultralow temperatures using the Alkali atoms 40K and 6Li. The main results presented in this text are twofold. First, we report on the experimental characterization of a novel (s,d)-wave Feshbach resonance in 6Li, the results of which are compared to the corresponding theoretical predictions. In particular, the spectrum of the inelastic loss rate is determined for different temperatures and trap depths, which enables us to identify the losses as two-body processes. Moreover, the dominant entrance channel is confirmed to be s-wave in nature. Using rate equation models we analyze the observed heating of the atomic ensemble and find the behavior to be consistent with the predicted L = 2 bound state present in the exit channel. Finally, we investigate experimentally the dynamics of the spin populations driven by resonantly enhanced inelastic collisions in dwave, observing good agreement with our numerical models. Second, we summarize our progress towards the study of dimensional crossovers between the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in 1D and the Landau-Fermi liquid in 3D using Fermi gases of 40K confined in a large spacing optical lattice. This includes both the fundamental design considerations as well as the implementation of the required experimental hardware
Piraud, Marie. "Localisation d'Anderson d'ondes de matière dans un désordre corrélé : de 1D à 3D". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796777.
Testo completoPiraud, Marie. "Localisation d’Anderson d’ondes de matière dans un désordre corrélé : de 1D à 3D". Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112388/document.
Testo completoIn this thesis we investigate quantum transport and Anderson localization of non- interacting matterwaves in anisotropic disorder. Using microscopic approaches, we study the effect of disorder correlations, which are shown to significantly modify quantum transport properties in 1D, 2D and 3D. We develop general theoretical tools and apply them to particular models of continuous disorder, which are relevant to ultracold atom experiments : speckle potentials. First, in the one-dimensional case we extend previous models for the localization process of ultracold atoms expanding in a standard speckle potential and show that taking into account new ingredients could permit to understand deviations between experiments and theory observed previously. We then study quantum transport and Anderson localization in dimensions higher than one, with special emphasis on anisotropic correlations, which are naturally present in most speckle potentials. We compute quantum transport properties and propose a new method to estimate the 3D localization threshold (mobility edge). Our theoretical findings are compared with the results of two recent experiments which report evidence of 3D localization of matterwaves. Eventually, we further study effects of disorder correlations, which can induce inversion of localization anisotropies and enhancement of Anderson localization with the particle energy, when appropriately tailored
Perez, Florent. "Plasmons dans un potentiel unidimensionnel : étude par spectroscopie Raman de fils quantiques gravés". Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066724.
Testo completoArmijo, Julien. "Fluctuations de densité dans des gaz de bosons ultafroids quasi-unidimensionnels". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601066.
Testo completo