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Tesi sul tema "Gait in humans"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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1

Nicolaou, Maria. "Gait adaptations to transverse slopes". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32931.

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The purpose of the study was to identify the lower limb kinematic adaptations made in normal gait to accommodate to static transverse slopes. Five male subjects were asked to walk along a platform at 0%, 5% and 10% slope. Kinematic data for the ankle, knee and hip were collected at 60Hz using the Ultratrak RTM (Polhemus Inc., Burlington, VT, USA) electromagnetic tracking system. Results indicated that significant (p < 0.05) joint angle changes occurred in both the uphill (UH) and downhill (DH) lower limbs. The adaptations served as compensatory changes to functionally shorten the UH limb and lengthen the DH limb.

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2

Hubbard, Wendy. "Biomechanical assessment of elderly amputees after gait re-education". Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1992. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/157186.

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Length of stay in hospital post-amputation for elderly amputees gait trained using the whole method of re-education at the Queen Elizabeth Geriatric Centre is shorted than is usual in other parts of Australia. There was a need to investigate the gait quality and functional ability of these amputees to asses the adequacy of their post-rebhabilation gait, and to establish a benchmark against which to measure alternative treatment outcomes.

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3

Tanawongsuwan, Rawesak. "Impact of speed variations in gait recognition". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-180217/unrestricted/tanawongsuwan%5Frawesak%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.

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4

Fullenkamp, Adam M. "A hybrid gait recognition solution using video and ground contact information". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 123 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397912071&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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5

Catena, Robert David. "Attention and gait performance following a concussion /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8151.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-122). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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6

Dixon, Philippe. "Gait dynamics on a cross-slope walking surface". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112616.

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Though the biomechanics of level walking have been studied extensively, the adaptations required for cross-slope locomotion are still largely unknown despite being a common terrain characteristic. The goals of this thesis were to determine (1) ground reaction forces (GRF) and moments (GRM), (2) lower-limb kinematics, and (3) lower-limb joint reaction forces (JRF) and moments (JRM) during level and cross-slope walking. Statistical analyses were made across limbs (down-slope (DS) and up-slope (US)) and across slope condition (level (0°) and cross-slope (6°)) (2X2 ANOVA). Ten healthy male volunteers performed several barefoot walking trials. The lower-limbs responded asymmetrically to the cross-slope condition by substantially changing (1) the medio-lateral GRF, (2) the sagittal and frontal plane kinematics as well as step-width, and (3) the medio-lateral JRF and frontal plane JRM. The modest cross-slope induced important asymmetrical changes in locomotor patterns and may represent a substantial physical obstacle to populations with restricted mobility.

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7

Turchyniak, Ronald John. "Reproducibility of electrodynogram testing". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68140.

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This study investigated the reproducibility of test results of the Langer Electrodynogram (EDG) foot sensor system which quantifies discrete pressures and temporal episodes at the interface of the foot and appropriate surface. In phase one of the study, the effects of transducer placement errors were evaluated by manipulating sensors. In the single subject studied, results suggested that placement errors of a single transducer within ${ pm1}$ cm from its original location do not significantly affect the temporal components of gait, though errors as low as ${ pm0.5}$ cm from an initial position significantly affected pressures.
In phase two, ten healthy subjects performed 25 straight line barefoot walks on each of two separate days at an average natural cadence of 111.06 steps/min. with identical transducer placements on each day. Twenty-five gait variables were analysed for unilateral and asymmetries estimates. Analyses of variance revealed few significant differences among trials. Further, while there were no significant overall differences between days, there were significant subject-by-day interactions due to between-day differences in individual subjects, in part related to inherent subject-performance variability. Since clinicians are interested mainly in individual subject analyses rather than a mythical average subject, caution is advised in data interpretation when monitoring a subject on different days, even with as many as 25 trials per session and identical landmark placements. Pressures, while reliable within a single testing session, should not be used for inter-day comparisons and may not be appropriate for monitoring asymmetries because slight variations in placement will account for the measured differences between limbs.

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8

Becker, James N. M. 1979. "Effects of Two Marker Placement and Data Analysis Methods on Running Gait Analysis". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10470.

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Abstract (sommario):

xiii, 143 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
This study evaluated the effects of two marker placement methods and two data analysis methods on running gait analysis. Markers placed on the shoe heel counter were compared with markers placed directly on the calcaneous and visible through heel windows cut into the shoe. When analyzed using a traditional group design no significant differences were found between marker conditions for rear foot eversion excursion, percent stance at which peak eversion occurred, maximal instantaneous eversion velocity, or maximal instantaneous vertical loading rate. Ankle frontal plane variability was significantly different between conditions. When analyzed with a single subject design some individuals demonstrated significant differences between conditions while others did not. In some individuals the heel windows condition revealed previously masked coupling parameters thought to be related to injury. The results of this study suggest the heel windows method and single subject analysis should be used for a longitudinal study of runners.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Li-Shan Chou, Chair; Dr. Louis Ostemig; Dr. Stanley James

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9

Menz, Hylton Physiology UNSW. "Walking stability in young, old and neuropathic subjects". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Physiology, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18637.

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This thesis investigates walking patterns in healthy young people and in people with an increased risk of falling, and determines the physiological contributions to walking stability. First, a review of the relevant literature on techniques for assessing walking stability, age-related changes in balance and gait, and the contributions of vision, vestibular function, peripheral sensation and strength was undertaken. In response to a critical analysis of these findings, a new technique and protocol for the assessment of walking stability was developed. This involved measuring and analysing head and pelvis accelerations while subjects walked on a level surface and an irregular surface. Gait patterns were studied in 30 young healthy subjects and two groups known to be at increased risk of falling - 100 subjects over the age of 75, and 30 subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A series of vision, sensation, strength, reaction time and balance tests were also undertaken to identify subjects??? physiological abilities and risk of falls. Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis differed according to physiological risk of falling, particularly when walking on the irregular surface. Those with a high risk of falling walked with a reduced velocity, cadence and step length, and exhibited less rhythmic acceleration patterns at the head and pelvis. Gait patterns were significantly associated with leg strength, peripheral sensation and reaction time. It is concluded that subjects with a high physiological risk of falling exhibit characteristic patterns of walking that indicate an impaired ability to control the movement of the pelvis and head, which may predispose to loss of balance.

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10

Lee, Heng-Ju. "Detection of gait instability and quantification of muscular demands during locomotion in the elderly /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251836501&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-134). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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11

Datta, Ankur. "Gait Based Recognition". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/436.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf
Bachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science

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12

Barker, Susan P. Freedman William. "Changes in gait, balance, and function with vestibular rehabilitation /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/300.

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13

Anderson, Frank Clayton. "A dynamic optimization solution for a complete cycle of normal gait /". Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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14

Barrios, Joaquin Alberto IV. "A biomechanical assessment of young, asymptomatic individuals with varus knee alignment can gait retraining be beneficial? /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 146 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674095881&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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15

Bruening, Dustin A. "A kinetic multi-segment foot model with preliminary applications in clinical gait analysis". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 221 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1896923151&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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16

Briem, Kristin. "Gait and function in knee osteoarthritis effects of hyaluronan injection /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 183 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1601513361&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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17

Auyang, Arick Gin-Yu. "Robustness and hierarchical control of performance variables through coordination during human locomotion". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42837.

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The kinematic motor redundancy of the human legs provides more local degrees of freedom than are necessary to achieve low degree of freedom performance variables like leg length and orientation. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how the neuromuscular skeletal system simplifies control of a kinematically redundant system to achieve stable locomotion under different conditions. I propose that the neuromuscular skeletal system minimizes step to step variance of leg length and orientation while allowing segment angles to vary within the set of acceptable combinations of angles that achieves the desired leg length and orientation. I find that during human hopping, control of the locomotor system is organized hierarchically such that leg length and orientation are achieved by structuring segment angle variance. I also found that leg length and leg orientation was minimized for a variety of conditions and perturbations, including frequency, constrained foot placement, and different speeds. The results of this study will give valuable information on interjoint compensation strategies used when the locomotor system is perturbed. This work also provides evidence for neuromuscular system strategies in adapting to novel, difficult tasks. This information can be extended to give insight into new and different areas to focus on during gait rehabilitation of humans suffering from motor control deficits in movement and gait.

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18

Poon, Mei-ying Dora. "Gait analysis of normal and total knee replacement subjects /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18539142.

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19

Chen, Shing-Jye. "Effects of arch supports on foot mechanics during gait". view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-130). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

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20

Sturnieks, Daina Louise. "Variations in gait patterns and recovery of function following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy". University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0034.

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[Truncated abstract] Previous research has found that full recovery of knee function following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) is often not achieved, and in the long-term, over 50% of these patients will develop knee osteoarthritis (OA). Mechanical factors are believed to contribute largely to the development of knee OA. High frequency loading has been shown to lead to degenerative joint changes in animal models. In human gait, the knee adduction moment during stance phase, which tends to load the medial articular surface of the tibiofemoral joint, has been associated with the presence, severity and progression of knee OA. Quadriceps weakness, which is common in people with knee pathology, has been associated with abnormal sagittal plane knee moments during gait, yet no studies have investigated the effect of knee strength on frontal plane kinetics. This work aimed to investigate gait mechanics in a post-APM population, determine the influence of neuromuscular factors on gait, and assess recovery of function over 12 months while examining factors associated with recovery. One hundred and six APM subjects were examined between one and three months postsurgery. Data were compared to an age-matched control group of 49 healthy adults. Subjects were aged 20 to 50 years and had been screened for: clinical and radiographic evidence of knee OA; previous or current knee joint disease or injury (other than the current meniscus pathology); or any other previous or existing disease or injury that may have an effect on gait, or predispose to joint disease. Three-dimensional gait analysis was performed at a freely-chosen walking velocity, using a 50 Hz VICON three-dimensional motion analysis system, instrumented with two force platforms and 10-channel electromyography system. Subjects also underwent knee strength testing on a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Information was collected regarding subject’s physical activity levels, general health and knee function, as well as patient’s surgery specifics and rehabilitation regime.

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21

Crenshaw, Jeremy. "Knee-joint loading variability during gait in subjects with knee osteoarthritis". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 42 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338917851&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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22

Ko, Seung-uk. "Human gait analysis by gait pattern measurement and forward dynamic model combined with non linear feedback control /". Connect to this title online, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/3754.

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23

Poon, Mei-ying Dora, e 潘美英. "Gait analysis of normal and total knee replacement subjects". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214563.

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24

Crowell, Harrison Philip. "Gait retraining for the reduction of lower extremity loading". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 142 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1694575271&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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25

Acevedo, Navine N. "Effects of shoe geometry on kinematics and kinetics of gait". To read this dissertation, search for it in Kinesiology Publications database, 2004. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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26

George-Reichley, Debra G. "Potential muscle function during the swing phase of stroke gait an induced acceleration study /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 51 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1481669451&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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27

Flanagan, John Randall. "Kinematic properties of human walking and running movements at different treadmill velocities". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66164.

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28

Yoshida, Yuri. "Gait performance for individuals after total knee arthroplasty a longitudinal analysis /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 210 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1892057421&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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29

Mahmoud, Abdallah Abdel-Rahman Hassan. "Identification of human gait using genetic algorithms tuned fuzzy logic". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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30

Crabtree, Charles A. "Modeling effects of ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) in computer simulations of gait". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 108 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338917821&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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31

Xiao, Ming. "Computer simulation of human walking model sensitivity and application to stroke gait /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 129 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885693291&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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32

Castagno, Thomas A. "The effect of knee pads on gait and comfort". Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0426104-174716.

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33

Mandeville, David Stewart. "The effect of total knee replacement on measures of gait and stair ascent /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188883681&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-109). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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34

Lloyd, Chandra H. "The relationship between strength asymmetry and gait asymmetry in unilateral, trans-tibial amputees". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 58 p, 2008.

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35

Long, Benjamin L. DeVita Paul 1955. "Muscle work discrepancy during incline and decline running at three speeds". [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1863.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (M.S.)--East Carolina University, 2009.
Presented to the faculty of the Department of Exercise and Sport Science. Advisor: Paul DeVita. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 4, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

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36

MacDonald, Chad Everett Joshua. "Dynamic modeling of human gait and motor adaptation towards the simulation of ankle impairments /". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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37

Parker, Tonya Moreland. "Recovery of motor and cognitive function following concussion /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188883691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-119). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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38

Zifchock, Rebecca Avrin. "The relationship between lower extremity asymmetry and overuse injuries in recreational runners". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 138 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1362525811&sid=28&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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39

Chimera, Nicole Jude. "Gastrocnemius recession a treatment for foot pathology associated with isolated contracture /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 128 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1891590541&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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40

Ewers, Susan. "Effects of Above-Ankle Orthoses on Individuals with Diabetic Partial Foot". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/6055.

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Abstract (sommario):

xi, 67 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: KNIGHT RD756.42 .E83 2007
Partial foot amputation is becoming more prevalent and costly and if not treated correctly can lead to higher levels of amputation. Despite this, partial foot orthotic research and development has been inadequate. Furthermore, in order to contribute to improved orthotic management, there is a need to understand the biomechanical discrepancies during gait. Biomechanical goals of orthotic fitting include normalizing the three functional impairments of the transmetatarsal amputee. The first goal is to improve balance, the second is to normalize the toe-off phase of gait, and the third goal involves supporting the plantar surface of the foot to evenly distribute pressure. In this study, all subjects were evaluated with a below-ankle condition and an above-ankle condition. The below-ankle condition consisted of a total contact foot orthosis fitted into Drew' shoes with rocker bottom soles. The below-ankle orthosis was then fitted with a Blue Rocker© ankle foot orthosis and gait was re-evaluated as the above-ankle orthotic gait condition. Three specific goals were proposed in this study: 1) to determine the differing, if any, effects on balance and vertical ground reaction symmetry during level walking and obstacle crossing between the two orthotic designs, 2) to determine the plantar pressure distribution differences between a below-ankle and an above-ankle design, 3) to learn about patient preferences to provide realistic feedback for quality patient care. We hypothesized that improved balance, symmetry and distribution of pressure would occur with the above-ankle design in individuals with greater disability.
Adviser: Li-Shan Chou

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41

Srinivasan, Sujatha. "Low-dimensional modeling and analysis of human gait with application to the gait of transtibial prosthesis users". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1179865923.

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42

Ferber, Reed. "Gait perturbation response in anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and surgery /". view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3024641.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001.
Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-196). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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43

Boudali, Ahmed Mounir. "System Identification of Bipedal Locomotion in Robots and Humans". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20326.

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The ability to perform a healthy walking gait can be altered in numerous cases due to gait disorder related pathologies. The latter could lead to partial or complete mobility loss, which affects the patients’ quality of life. Wearable exoskeletons and active prosthetics have been considered as a key component to remedy this mobility loss. The control of such devices knows numerous challenges that are yet to be addressed. As opposed to fixed trajectories control, real-time adaptive reference generation control is likely to provide the wearer with more intent control over the powered device. We propose a novel gait pattern generator for the control of such devices, taking advantage of the inter-joint coordination in the human gait. Our proposed method puts the user in the control loop as it maps the motion of healthy limbs to that of the affected one. To design such control strategy, it is critical to understand the dynamics behind bipedal walking. We begin by studying the simple compass gait walker. We examine the well-known Virtual Constraints method of controlling bipedal robots in the image of the compass gait. In addition, we provide both the mechanical and control design of an affordable research platform for bipedal dynamic walking. We then extend the concept of virtual constraints to human locomotion, where we investigate the accuracy of predicting lower limb joints angular position and velocity from the motion of the other limbs. Data from nine healthy subjects performing specific locomotion tasks were collected and are made available online. A successful prediction of the hip, knee, and ankle joints was achieved in different scenarios. It was also found that the motion of the cane alone has sufficient information to help predict good trajectories for the lower limb in stairs ascent. Better estimates were obtained using additional information from arm joints. We also explored the prediction of knee and ankle trajectories from the motion of the hip joints.

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44

Avor, John Kweku. "Application of sensor fusion to human locomotor system". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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45

Alzogaiby, Adel. "Using Micro-Doppler radar signals for human gait detection". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86652.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This work entails the development and performance analysis of a human gait detection system based on radar micro-Doppler signals. The system consists of a tracking functionality and a target classifier. Target micro-Doppler signatures are extracted with Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) based spectrogram providing a high-resolution signatures with the radar that is used. A feature extraction mechanism is developed to extract six features from the signature and an artificial neural network (A-NN) based classifier is designed to carry out the classification process. The system is tested on real X-band radar data of human subjects performing six activities. Those activities are walking and speed walking, walking with hands in pockets, marching, running, walking with a weapon, and walking with arms swaying. The multiclass classifier was designed to discriminate between those activities. High classification accuracy of 96% is demonstrated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werk behels die ontwikkeling, en analise van werksverrigting, van ’n menslike stapdetekor gebaseer op radar-mikrodoppleranalise. Die stelsel bestaan uit ’n teikenvolger en -klassifiseerder. Die mikrodoppler-kenmerke van ’n teiken word met behulp van die korttyd-Fourier-transform onttrek, en verskaf hoe-resolusie-kenmerke met die radar wat vir die implementering gebruik word. ’n Kenmerkontrekkingstelsel is ontwikkel om ses kenmerke vanuit die spektrogram te onttrek, en ’n kunsmatige neurale netwerk word as klassifiseerder gebruik. Die stelsel is met ’n X-band radar op werklike menslike beweging getoets, terwyl vrywilligers ses aktiwiteite uitgevoer het: loop, loop (hand in die sakke), marsjeer, hardloop, loop met ’n wapen, loop met arms wat swaai. Die multiklas-klassifiseerder is ontwerp om tussen hierdie aktiwiteite te onderskei. ’n Hoe klassifiseringsakkuraatheid van 96% word gedemonstreer.

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46

Siu, Ka-Chun. "The contribution of attentional factors to balance constraints during gait in healthy and balance-impaired older adults". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251883161&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-135). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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47

Cloete, Teunis. "Benchmarking full-body inertial motion capture for clinical gait analysis". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2922.

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Abstract (sommario):

MScEng
Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
Clinical gait analysis has been proven to greatly improve treatment planning and monitoring of patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders. Despite this fact, it was found that gait analysis is still largely underutilised in general patient-care due to limitations of gait measurement equipment. Inertial motion capture (IMC) is able to overcome many of these limitations, but this technology is relatively untested and is therefore viewed as adolescent. This study addresses this problem by evaluating the validity and repeatability of gait parameters measured with a commercially available, full-body IMC system by comparing the results to those obtained with alternative methods of motion capture. The IMC system’s results were compared to a trusted optical motion capture (OMC) system’s results to evaluate validity. The results show that the measurements for the hip and knee obtained with IMC compares well with those obtained using OMC – with coefficient-of-correlation (R) values as high as 0.99. Some discrepancies were identified in the ankle-joint validity results. These were attributed to differences between the two systems with regard to the definition of ankle joint and to non-ideal IMC system foot-sensor design. The repeatability, using the IMC system, was quantified using the coefficient of variance (CV), the coefficient of multiple determination (CMD) and the coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC). Results show that IMC-recorded gait patterns have high repeatability for within-day tests (CMD: 0.786-0.984; CMC: 0.881-0.992) and between-day tests (CMD: 0.771-0.991; CMC: 0.872-0.995). These results compare well with those from similar studies done using OMC and electromagnetic motion capture (EMC), especially when comparing between-day results. Finally, to evaluate the measurements from the IMC system in a clinically useful application, a neural network was employed to distinguish between gait strides of stroke patients and those of able-bodied controls. The network proved to be very successful with a repeatable accuracy of 99.4% (1/166 misclassified). The study concluded that the full-body IMC system produces sufficiently valid and repeatable gait data to be used in clinical gait analysis, but that further refinement of the ankle-joint definition and improvements to the foot sensor are required.

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Madete, June. "A novel protocol for the quantification of temporal and postural gait parameters of rats and humans". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/13152/.

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Animal models have been used for many years to generalise the human condition of various neurological diseases. It is important that the behavioural attributes from the animal model directly correlate with those found in the human pathology. Motion analysis (MA) techniques provide a platform for direct correlation analysis between the two species, which is an important step for translational medicine. A novel three dimensional (3D) MA protocol was developed to investigate temporal and postural gait variables in both rats and humans. Gait studies involving rats are mainly based on movement scores or descriptive approaches to discerning differences in behaviour or function. Therefore, a protocol utilising a quantitative 3DMA technique during gait was developed. Data was acquired to describe function and behavioural attributes in animal models of Parkinson‟s disease (PD) and stroke in terms of temporal gait and postural adjustments and on a healthy cohort of humans. The study explored the practicality of the developed protocol to investigate the effects of unilateral dopamine depletion on rat locomotion while walking on beams of varying widths (wide, narrow and graduated). Temporal and postural gait parameters of ten male Lister Hooded rats (five controls (CNL) and five hemi-parkinsonian (PNL)) were observed using passive markers placed in locations that were representative of their four limbs and their body axis. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the PNL and CNL rats for speed along the wide beam and stride lengths for the left (impaired) fore-limb; on the narrow beam and the wide beam and for the left (impaired) hind limb on the graduated beam. The PD rats moved on the wide beam with a significantly greater roll range of motion (ROM) coupled with a positively biased roll kinematic waveform during one gait cycle. Whilst walking on the narrow beam, they displayed an increased use of the ledge and placed their tail towards the right. The results demonstrate that marker-based MA can provide an effective and simple approach to quantifying temporal gait parameters for rat models of PD. They also reveal how the width of the path affects the locomotion in both experimental cohorts. ii The novel protocol was applied to investigate the effects of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) and graft on rat locomotion while walking on a wide beam. The data collection was carried out before and after surgery to investigate temporal and postural gait parameters of 50 male Wister rats. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the control and MCAO rats for roll ROM coupled with a positively biased roll kinematic waveform during one gait cycle. Using the data collected, a classification tool based around the Dempster-Shafer theory enabled the objective classification of the rat cohorts into a MCAO group, a control group and a graft group. The roll ROM and swing time data were transformed into a set of belief values that the animals had graft, lesion or normal gait. The belief values were then represented on a simplex plot, which enables the final classification of a rat, and the level of benefit achieved by lesion or graft surgery to be visualised. The tool was able to classify rats with an accuracy of between 81% and 94.84% accuracy. The tool also indicated that swing time and roll were the most influential variables in distinguishing differences in gait after MCAO lesion and graft. Further work is required on the graft data as some inconsistencies were found, but the classification allowed better comparisons between groups than just using ANOVA alone by taking this level of uncertainty and producing a clear comparison between the cohorts. Initial studies have demonstrated a practical and visual approach that can discriminate between gait function in the rat model. Therefore to achieve the aim of the thesis, a cohort of healthy humans were tested to replicate the data collection and processing protocols developed for animal MA. The marker based protocol was carried out to investigate temporal and postural gait parameters of 10 healthy human subjects (five male: five female). The data collected compared well with published data for normal human gait therefore validating the human based protocol. The results identified variables that were easily correlated with rat data. Similarities in body orientation patterns were recorded and discussed. In conclusion, a novel protocol was developed that allowed a simple, non-invasive, practical, and sensitive approach to over ground gait data acquisition for the rat models and a healthy human cohort. Further work that would involve patients with neurological disease will enable the full validation of the protocol. This is turn would provide answers to the argument: „Is the use of animal models of the disease effective approach for clinical research?‟

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Yarbrough, Nancy Victoria 1945. "CONTROL OF TOUCHDOWN IN HUMAN LOCOMOTION (ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, WALKING, KINEMATICS)". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291309.

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50

Valenzuela, Jonathan A. "Study of plantar pressure distribution on a foot in a dynamic landing scenario, while subjected to contact with a Spira shoe sole using finite element analysis /". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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