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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Gait in humans"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Gait in humans"

Kale, A., A. Sundaresan, A. N. Rajagopalan, N. P. Cuntoor, A. K. Roy-Chowdhury, V. Kruger e R. Chellappa. "Identification of Humans Using Gait". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 13, n. 9 (settembre 2004): 1163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2004.832865.

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Usherwood, James R., e John E. A. Bertram. "Gait transition cost in humans". European Journal of Applied Physiology 90, n. 5-6 (1 novembre 2003): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-0980-6.

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Wu, Chang Wei, e Hua Deng. "Gait Generation of Humanoid Robot Based on Analysis of the Human's Gait". Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (febbraio 2014): 3453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3453.

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In this paper, a method to generate the humanoid robots gait intelligently is put forward to solve the problem of poor performance of robot walking. The key idea in this proposed method is to adapt the transmutative humans gait to robot walking. Firstly, the character of the humans gait is acquired by researching a mass of gait data. Then, the typical gait signal is obtained which can be used to generate various gait signals. Finally, this method is proved to be effective by comparing the nature signals and the signal which is obtained by this method.

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Huang, P. S., C. J. Harris e M. S. Nixon. "Recognising humans by gait via parametric canonical space". Artificial Intelligence in Engineering 13, n. 4 (ottobre 1999): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-1810(99)00008-4.

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Sinkjaer, T., J. B. Andersen e B. Larsen. "Soleus stretch reflex modulation during gait in humans". Journal of Neurophysiology 76, n. 2 (1 agosto 1996): 1112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.1112.

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1. The modulation of the short-latency stretch reflex during walking at different walking speeds was investigated and compared with the stretch reflex during standing in healthy human subjects. 2. Ankle joint stretches were applied by a system able to rotate the human ankle joint during treadmill walking in any phase of the step cycle. The system consisted of a mechanical joint attached to the subject's ankle joint and connected to a motor placed beside the treadmill by means of bowden wires. The weight of the total system attached to the leg of the subject was 900 g. 3. The short-latency soleus stretch reflex was modulated during a step. In the stance phase, the amplitude equaled that found during standing at matched soleus background electromyogram (EMG). In the transition from stance to swing, the amplitude was 0 in all subjects. In late swing, the stretch reflex amplitude increased to 45 +/- 27% (mean +/- SD) of the maximal amplitude in the stance phase (stretch amplitude 8 degrees, stretch velocity 250 degrees/s). 4. The onset (42 +/- 3.2 ms) and peak latencies (59 +/- 2.5 ms) of the stretch reflex did not depend on the phase in the step cycle at which the reflex was elicited. 5. When the ankle joint is rotated, a change in torque can be measured. The torque measured over the first 35 ms after stretch onset (nonreflex torque) was at a maximum during late stance, when the leg supported a large part of the body's weight, and at a minimum during the swing phase. At heel contact the nonreflex torque was 50% of its maximal value. 6. During the stance phase the maximal EMG stretch reflex had a phase lead of approximately 120 ms with respect to the maximal background EMG and a phase lead of approximately 250 ms with respect to the maximal nonreflex torque. 7. The constant latency of the stretch reflex during a step implied that the ankle extensor muscle spindles are always taut during walking. 8. The relatively high amplitude of the stretch reflex in late swing and at heel contact made it likely that the stretch reflex contributed to the activation of the ankle extensor muscles in early stance phase.

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Corporaal, Sharissa H. A., Stephan P. Swinnen, Jacques Duysens e Sjoerd M. Bruijn. "Slow maturation of planning in obstacle avoidance in humans". Journal of Neurophysiology 115, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2016): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00701.2015.

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Complex gait (e.g., obstacle avoidance) requires a higher cognitive load than simple steady-state gait, which is a more automated movement. The higher levels of the central nervous system, responsible for adjusting motor plans to complex gait, develop throughout childhood into adulthood. Therefore, we hypothesize that gait strategies in complex gait are likely to mature until adulthood as well. However, little is known about the maturation of complex gait from childhood into adolescence and adulthood. To address this issue, we investigated obstacle avoidance in forty-four 8- to 18-yr-old participants who walked at preferred speed along a 6-m walkway on which a planar obstacle (150% of step length, 1 m wide) was projected. Participants avoided the obstacle by stepping over this projection, while lower body kinematics were recorded. Results showed that step length and speed adjustments during successful obstacle avoidance were similar across all ages, even though younger children modified step width to a greater extent. Additionally, the younger children used larger maximal toe elevations and take-off distances than older children. Moreover, during unsuccessful trials, younger children deployed exaggerated take-off distances, which resulted in obstacle contact upon the consecutive heel strike. These results indicate that obstacle avoidance is not fully matured in younger children, and that the inability to plan precise foot placements is an important factor contributing to failures in obstacle avoidance.

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Verlinden, Vincentius J. A., Marius de Groot, Lotte G. M. Cremers, Jos N. van der Geest, Albert Hofman, Wiro J. Niessen, Aad van der Lugt, Meike W. Vernooij e M. Arfan Ikram. "Tract-specific white matter microstructure and gait in humans". Neurobiology of Aging 43 (luglio 2016): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.04.005.

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Biewener, Andrew A., e Jae Chang. "Gait related changes in limb mechanical advantage in humans". Journal of Biomechanics 26, n. 3 (marzo 1993): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(93)90395-u.

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Samangooei, Sina, e Mark S. Nixon. "Performing content-based retrieval of humans using gait biometrics". Multimedia Tools and Applications 49, n. 1 (22 ottobre 2009): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-009-0391-8.

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Yamano, Junsei, Masaki Kurokawa, Yuki Sakai e Kenji Hashimoto. "Realization of a Human-like Gait for a Bipedal Robot Based on Gait Analysis". Machines 12, n. 2 (25 gennaio 2024): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12020092.

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There are many studies analyzing human motion. However, we do not yet fully understand the mechanisms of our own bodies. We believe that mimicking human motion and function using a robot will help us to deepen our understanding of humans. Therefore, we focus on the characteristics of the human gait, and the goal is to realize a human-like bipedal gait that lands on its heels and takes off from its toes. In this study, we focus on kinematic synergy (planar covariation) in the lower limbs as a characteristic gait seen in humans. Planar covariation is that elevation angles at the thigh, shank, and foot in the sagittal plane are plotted on one plane when the angular data are plotted on the three axes. We propose this feature as a reward for reinforcement learning. By introducing this reward, the bipedal robot achieved a human-like bipedal gait in which the robot lands on its heels and takes off from its toes. We also compared the learning results with those obtained when this feature was not used. The results suggest that planar covariation is one factor that characterizes a human-like gait.

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Tesi sul tema "Gait in humans"

Nicolaou, Maria. "Gait adaptations to transverse slopes". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32931.

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The purpose of the study was to identify the lower limb kinematic adaptations made in normal gait to accommodate to static transverse slopes. Five male subjects were asked to walk along a platform at 0%, 5% and 10% slope. Kinematic data for the ankle, knee and hip were collected at 60Hz using the Ultratrak RTM (Polhemus Inc., Burlington, VT, USA) electromagnetic tracking system. Results indicated that significant (p < 0.05) joint angle changes occurred in both the uphill (UH) and downhill (DH) lower limbs. The adaptations served as compensatory changes to functionally shorten the UH limb and lengthen the DH limb.

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Hubbard, Wendy. "Biomechanical assessment of elderly amputees after gait re-education". Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1992. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/157186.

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Length of stay in hospital post-amputation for elderly amputees gait trained using the whole method of re-education at the Queen Elizabeth Geriatric Centre is shorted than is usual in other parts of Australia. There was a need to investigate the gait quality and functional ability of these amputees to asses the adequacy of their post-rebhabilation gait, and to establish a benchmark against which to measure alternative treatment outcomes.

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Tanawongsuwan, Rawesak. "Impact of speed variations in gait recognition". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-180217/unrestricted/tanawongsuwan%5Frawesak%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.

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Fullenkamp, Adam M. "A hybrid gait recognition solution using video and ground contact information". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 123 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397912071&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Catena, Robert David. "Attention and gait performance following a concussion /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8151.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-122). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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Dixon, Philippe. "Gait dynamics on a cross-slope walking surface". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112616.

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Though the biomechanics of level walking have been studied extensively, the adaptations required for cross-slope locomotion are still largely unknown despite being a common terrain characteristic. The goals of this thesis were to determine (1) ground reaction forces (GRF) and moments (GRM), (2) lower-limb kinematics, and (3) lower-limb joint reaction forces (JRF) and moments (JRM) during level and cross-slope walking. Statistical analyses were made across limbs (down-slope (DS) and up-slope (US)) and across slope condition (level (0°) and cross-slope (6°)) (2X2 ANOVA). Ten healthy male volunteers performed several barefoot walking trials. The lower-limbs responded asymmetrically to the cross-slope condition by substantially changing (1) the medio-lateral GRF, (2) the sagittal and frontal plane kinematics as well as step-width, and (3) the medio-lateral JRF and frontal plane JRM. The modest cross-slope induced important asymmetrical changes in locomotor patterns and may represent a substantial physical obstacle to populations with restricted mobility.

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Turchyniak, Ronald John. "Reproducibility of electrodynogram testing". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68140.

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This study investigated the reproducibility of test results of the Langer Electrodynogram (EDG) foot sensor system which quantifies discrete pressures and temporal episodes at the interface of the foot and appropriate surface. In phase one of the study, the effects of transducer placement errors were evaluated by manipulating sensors. In the single subject studied, results suggested that placement errors of a single transducer within ${ pm1}$ cm from its original location do not significantly affect the temporal components of gait, though errors as low as ${ pm0.5}$ cm from an initial position significantly affected pressures.
In phase two, ten healthy subjects performed 25 straight line barefoot walks on each of two separate days at an average natural cadence of 111.06 steps/min. with identical transducer placements on each day. Twenty-five gait variables were analysed for unilateral and asymmetries estimates. Analyses of variance revealed few significant differences among trials. Further, while there were no significant overall differences between days, there were significant subject-by-day interactions due to between-day differences in individual subjects, in part related to inherent subject-performance variability. Since clinicians are interested mainly in individual subject analyses rather than a mythical average subject, caution is advised in data interpretation when monitoring a subject on different days, even with as many as 25 trials per session and identical landmark placements. Pressures, while reliable within a single testing session, should not be used for inter-day comparisons and may not be appropriate for monitoring asymmetries because slight variations in placement will account for the measured differences between limbs.

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Becker, James N. M. 1979. "Effects of Two Marker Placement and Data Analysis Methods on Running Gait Analysis". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10470.

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Abstract (sommario):

xiii, 143 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
This study evaluated the effects of two marker placement methods and two data analysis methods on running gait analysis. Markers placed on the shoe heel counter were compared with markers placed directly on the calcaneous and visible through heel windows cut into the shoe. When analyzed using a traditional group design no significant differences were found between marker conditions for rear foot eversion excursion, percent stance at which peak eversion occurred, maximal instantaneous eversion velocity, or maximal instantaneous vertical loading rate. Ankle frontal plane variability was significantly different between conditions. When analyzed with a single subject design some individuals demonstrated significant differences between conditions while others did not. In some individuals the heel windows condition revealed previously masked coupling parameters thought to be related to injury. The results of this study suggest the heel windows method and single subject analysis should be used for a longitudinal study of runners.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Li-Shan Chou, Chair; Dr. Louis Ostemig; Dr. Stanley James

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Menz, Hylton Physiology UNSW. "Walking stability in young, old and neuropathic subjects". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Physiology, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18637.

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This thesis investigates walking patterns in healthy young people and in people with an increased risk of falling, and determines the physiological contributions to walking stability. First, a review of the relevant literature on techniques for assessing walking stability, age-related changes in balance and gait, and the contributions of vision, vestibular function, peripheral sensation and strength was undertaken. In response to a critical analysis of these findings, a new technique and protocol for the assessment of walking stability was developed. This involved measuring and analysing head and pelvis accelerations while subjects walked on a level surface and an irregular surface. Gait patterns were studied in 30 young healthy subjects and two groups known to be at increased risk of falling - 100 subjects over the age of 75, and 30 subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A series of vision, sensation, strength, reaction time and balance tests were also undertaken to identify subjects??? physiological abilities and risk of falls. Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis differed according to physiological risk of falling, particularly when walking on the irregular surface. Those with a high risk of falling walked with a reduced velocity, cadence and step length, and exhibited less rhythmic acceleration patterns at the head and pelvis. Gait patterns were significantly associated with leg strength, peripheral sensation and reaction time. It is concluded that subjects with a high physiological risk of falling exhibit characteristic patterns of walking that indicate an impaired ability to control the movement of the pelvis and head, which may predispose to loss of balance.

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Lee, Heng-Ju. "Detection of gait instability and quantification of muscular demands during locomotion in the elderly /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251836501&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-134). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Libri sul tema "Gait in humans"

Alberto, Esquenazi, a cura di. Gait analysis. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 2002.

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1960-, Davis Brian L., e O'Connor Jeremy C. 1968-, a cura di. Dynamics of human gait. Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1992.

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Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center. Pathokinesiology Service. e Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center. Physical Therapy Dept., a cura di. Observational gait analysis. Downey, CA: Los Amigos Research and Education Institute, Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, 1993.

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Gait analysis: An introduction. 4^a ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.

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Bruckner, Jan. Gait workbook: A practical guide to clinical gait analysis. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK, Inc., 1998.

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Bruckner, Jan. The gait workbook: A practical guide to clinical gait analysis. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Inc., 1998.

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Bruckner, Jan. The Gait workbook: A practical guide to clinical gait analysis. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK, 1998.

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M, Burnfield Judith, a cura di. Gait analysis: Normal and pathological function. 2^a ed. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK, 2010.

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Gait analysis: An introduction. 2^a ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996.

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Sandro, Giannini, a cura di. Gait analysis: Methodologies and clinical applications. Amsterdam: IOS Press for BTS, Bioengineering Technology & Systems, 1994.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Gait in humans"

Chellappa, Rama, Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury e S. Kevin Zhou. "Human Recognition Using Gait". In Recognition of Humans and Their Activities Using Video, 53–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02236-4_3.

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de Albuquerque, Thayse Saraiva, Lucas José da Costa, Ericka Raiane da Silva, Geovana Kelly Lima Rocha, André Felipe Oliveira de Azevedo Dantas, Caroline do Espírito Santo e Denis Delisle-Rodriguez. "Towards a Gait Planning Training Strategy Using Lokomat". In Synergetic Cooperation between Robots and Humans, 357–67. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47272-5_30.

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Múnera, Marcela, Luis F. Aycardi, Nathalia Cespedes, Jonathan Casas e Carlos A. Cifuentes. "Socially Assistive Robotics for Gait Rehabilitation". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 287–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_11.

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Forner-Cordero, Arturo. "Biped Walking with Robots and Exoskeletons: Marching Towards Bionic Gait". In Synergetic Cooperation Between Robots and Humans, 3. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47269-5_1.

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Samangooei, Sina, e Mark S. Nixon. "Performing Content-Based Retrieval of Humans Using Gait Biometrics". In Semantic Multimedia, 105–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92235-3_10.

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Sierra M., Sergio D., Luis Arciniegas-Mayag, Margarita Bautista, Maria J. Pinto-Bernal, Nathalia Cespedes, Marcela Múnera e Carlos A. Cifuentes. "Introduction to Robotics for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 1–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_1.

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Pinto-Bernal, Maria J., Sergio D. Sierra M., Marcela Múnera e Carlos A. Cifuentes. "Sensing Methodologies for Gait Parameters Estimation and Control". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 143–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_5.

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Aycardi, Luis F., Felipe Ballen-Moreno, David Pinto-Fernández, Diego Torricelli, Carlos A. Cifuentes e Marcela Múnera. "Assessment of Robotic Devices for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 331–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_13.

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Gomez-Vargas, Daniel, Diego Casas-Bocanegra, Marcela Múnera, Flavio Roberti, Ricardo Carelli e Carlos A. Cifuentes. "Variable Stiffness Actuators for Wearable Applications in Gait Rehabilitation". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 193–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_7.

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Múnera, Marcela, Maria J. Pinto-Bernal, Nathalie Zwickl, Angel Gil-Agudo, Patricio Barria e Carlos A. Cifuentes. "Experiences of Clinicians Using Rehabilitation Robotics". In Interfacing Humans and Robots for Gait Assistance and Rehabilitation, 349–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79630-3_14.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Gait in humans"

Ma, Qinyong, Shenkang Wang, Dongdong Nie e Jianfeng Qiu. "Recognizing Humans Based on Gait Moment Image". In Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snpd.2007.307.

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Ming, Dong, Zhaojun Xue, Lin Meng, Bsaikun Wan, Yong Hu e K. D. K. Luk. "Identification of humans using infrared gait recognition". In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurements Systems (VECIMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vecims.2009.5068916.

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Morin, Evelyn. "Lower limb muscle synergies during gait in humans". In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.260916.

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Roberts, Dustyn, Joseph Quacinella e Joo H. Kim. "Degree-of-Freedom-Based Instantaneous Energetic Cost of Robotic Biped Gait With Benchmarking Implications". In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47712.

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Instantaneous robotic gait energetics is evaluated at each joint actuator, and is characterized relative to those of humans. A degree-of-freedom (DOF)-based instrumentation system is designed for instantaneous evaluation of electrical energy expenditure (EE) rates at each DC servomotor, and implemented into a DARwIn-OP biped robot. The robot’s EE rates for the entire lower body are in agreement with its periodic gait cycle, and their trends between gait phases are similar to those of humans. The robot’s cost of transport (COT) as a function of normalized speed is also in agreement with the human COT with respect to its convexity. The contrasting distributions of EE throughout the robot and human DOFs and the robotic COT curve’s considerably large magnitudes and small speed ranges illustrate the energetic consequences of stable but inefficient static walking in the robot versus the more efficient dynamic walking of humans. These characteristics enable the identification of the DOFs and gait phases associated with the inefficiency in the robotic gait, and reflect the differences in the system parameters and gait strategies in terms of the efficiency and stability. The proposed instrumentation system provides a quantitative benchmarking approach.

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Destephe, Matthieu, Martim Brandao, Tatsuhiro Kishi, Massimiliano Zecca, Kenji Hashimoto e Atsuo Takanishi. "Emotional gait: Effects on humans' perception of humanoid robots". In 2014 RO-MAN: The 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2014.6926263.

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Zhang, Zhaonian, Philippe Pouliquen, Allen Waxman e Andreas G. Andreou. "Acoustic Micro-Doppler Gait Signatures of Humans and Animals". In 2007 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2007.4298383.

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Maalouf, Noel, Imad H. Elhajj, Elie Shammas e Daniel Asmar. "Imitating humans: Humanoid gait design based on energy exchange". In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2017.8324811.

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Hoang, Khai-Long Ho, Davide Corradi, Sascha Delbasteh e Katja Mombaur. "Gait performance indicators for elderly humans interacting with robotic mobility assistance devices". In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2015.7281293.

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Riek, Paul M., e Amy R. Wu. "No Contact Needed: Humans Adapt Their Gait to Suit Legged Robot Companions". In 2023 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros55552.2023.10341255.

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Dizor, Robert, S. M. Mizanoor Rahman e Anil Raj. "Gait Analysis for Rehabilitation using Rigid and Flexible Exoskeletons". In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001013.

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Abstract (sommario):

Diseases of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems have afflicted humans since recorded history. Similarly, injuries and related trauma of one form or another have impaired human ambulation or even made it impossible to stand, walk, run or even to sit or squat. Stretchers, crutches, wheelchairs, and exoskeletons have been developed to help improve the mobility of these disabled individuals, but often require assistance from others to some degree, limiting patient autonomy. To ascertain which assistive devices might be better suited to a particular patient with an ambulation disability or weakness, the healthcare providers must perform an assessment of the individual’s gait to first understand the underlying symptomatic deficits, diseases, or injuries. This paper reviews how exoskeletons can with respect to the gait cycle assist the weak and elderly as well as patients with specific diseases or injuries that impact ambulation.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Gait in humans"

Nixon, Mark S., e John N. Carter. Automatic Gait Recognition for Human ID at a Distance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, novembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada457973.

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Schuerger, Caroline, Steph Batalis, Katherine Quinn, Ronnie Kinoshita, Owen Daniels e Anna Puglisi. Understanding the Global Gain-of-Function Research Landscape. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20220035.

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Gain- and loss-of-function research have contributed to breakthroughs in vaccine development, genetic research, and gene therapy. At the same time, a subset of gain- and loss-of-function studies involve high-risk, highly virulent pathogens that could spread widely among humans if deliberately or unintentionally released. In this report, we map the gain- and loss-of-function global research landscape using a quantitative approach that combines machine learning with subject-matter expert review.

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Irit Davidson, Irit. The Knowledge that Human Tumor Virology can Gain from Studies on Avian Tumor Viruses. Libertas Academica, dicembre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/atv_1784.

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Kant, Rajiv, e Jill A. Macoska. The Contributions of 8P Loss and 8Q Gain to the Malignant Phenotype in Human Prostate Tumors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, aprile 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada406741.

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Yang, Xinwei, Huan Tu e Xiali Xue. The improvement of the Lower Limb exoskeletons on the gait of patients with spinal cord injury: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0095.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of lower extremity exoskeletons in improving gait function in patients with spinal cord injury, compared with placebo or other treatments. Condition being studied: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a severely disabling disease. In the process of SCI rehabilitation treatment, improving patients' walking ability, improving their self-care ability, and enhancing patients' self-esteem is an important aspect of their return to society, which can also reduce the cost of patients, so the rehabilitation of lower limbs is very important. The lower extremity exoskeleton robot is a bionic robot designed according to the principles of robotics, mechanism, bionics, control theory, communication technology, and information processing technology, which can be worn on the lower extremity of the human body and complete specific tasks under the user's control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower extremity exoskeleton on the improvement of gait function in patients with spinal cord injury.

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Research Team, Karamoja–Turkana Community. Community Solutions to Insecurity Along the Uganda–Kenya Border. Institute of Development Studies, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2023.057.

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In the Karamoja and Turkana border regions of Uganda and Kenya, there is widespread violence including armed robbery, rape, and human rights abuses, yet community complaints about failures of governance remain largely unaddressed. This Policy Briefing highlights how different insecurities reinforce one another in ways exacerbated by the international border. It stresses the need for fulfilment of the two governments’ commitments to cross-border solutions, and suggests that international policy actors can help communities gain leverage with governments towards building trustworthy and effective peace and security institutions.

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Muelaner, Jody, a cura di. Unsettled Issues in Commercial Vehicle Platooning. SAE International, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021027.

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Platooning has the potential to reduce the energy consumption of commercial vehicles while improving safety; however, both advantages are currently difficult to quantify due to insufficient data and the wide range of variables affecting models. Platooning will significantly reduce the use of energy when compared to trucks driven alone, or at a safe distance for a driver without any automated assistance. Platooning will also reduce stopping distances—multiple states in the US have passed laws authorizing truck platoons to operate at shorter gaps than are authorized for normal, human-driven trucks. However, drivers typically do not currently leave the recommended gaps and, therefore, already gain much of the potential energy savings by drafting lead vehicles, albeit illegally. The automated systems associated with platooning cannot be programmed to flout safety recommendations in the way that human drivers routinely do. Therefore, actual energy savings may be minimal while safety may be greatly improved. More data will be needed to conclusively demonstrate a safety gain. Recommended safe gaps are currently highly generalized and must necessarily assume worst-case braking performance. Using a combination of condition monitoring and vehicle-to-vehicle communications, platooning systems will be able to account for the braking performance of other vehicles within the platoon. If all the vehicles in a platoon have a high level of braking performance, the platoon will be able to operate in a more efficient, tighter formation. Driver acceptance of platooning technology will increase as the systems become more effective and do not displace jobs. The increased loading of infrastructure must also be considered, and there may be requirements for upgrades on bridges or restrictions on platooning operation.

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Mateo-Berganza Díaz, María Mercedes, JungKyu Rhys Lim, Isabel Cardenas-Navia e Karen Elzey. A World of Transformation: Moving from Degrees to Skills-Based Alternative Credentials. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004299.

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Postsecondary education is undergoing a period of profound change. One of the most significant changes is the emergence of skills-based, non-degree, alternative credentials as both complements and alternatives to traditional degrees. Several factors have combined to favor these shorter, less expensive, and more versatile ways to gain knowledge and skills for work. The factors include the rigidity and high cost of traditional degrees; the fact that traditional institutions are failing to equip many graduates with the skills they need; and the need to rapidly upskill and reskill workers to meet the increasingly complex demands of modern economies. This report summarizes evidence suggesting a decrease in the value of degrees as a signaling mechanism in the labor market. It also identifies the benefits of alternative, non-degree credentials and makes recommendations on ways to increase their value and acceptance in the market. It remains to be seen whether non-degree alternative credentials are a short-term strategy to close the skills gaps and deal with the transition to adaptive and qualified labor, or a permanent strategy of human capital development.

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Kupina, Steve, Mark Kelm, Maria Monagas e STEFAN GAFNER. Grape Seed Extract Laboratory Guidance Document. ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program, febbraio 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.59520/bapp.lgd/dozo2637.

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Grape Seed Extract (GSE) has received acceptance almost globally as an ingredient for human consumption. It is one of the more widely used botanical extracts, due to increasing scientific findings supporting health benefits. However, it remains a specialty item relative to global commodities. In the United States, GSE has ranked among the top 20 best-selling dietary supplements in the Food, Drug and Mass Market channel. The motivation behind purposeful adulteration in commercial products is financial gain (also known as economically motivated adulteration) and to increase the concentration in proanthocyanidins (PACs) as primary marker compounds as a means to contribute to the misperception of quality. Adulterants include other PAC-rich materials, which are available at lower cost. Thus, a bulk distributor of GSE or another manufacturer along the value chain can take advantage of the chemical similarity between GSE and peanut skin extract since the spectrophotometric assays typically used in industry are not specific enough to discriminate between grape seed PACs and PACs from other plant extracts. Due to reliance on non-specific proximate assays across the value-chain, adulteration can go undetected downstream in the commodity chain, such as those involved in distribution, packaging, wholesale, and retail sales. This laboratory guidance document presents a review of the various analytical technologies and methods used to differentiate between grape seed extracts and potential adulterants.

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Dvorianyn, Paraskoviya. Сенситивне інтерв’ю: переживання колективної травми війни. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11727.

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The article analyzes the process of preparation and features of conducting interviews with persons who have fased traumatic experiences in war conditions. A comparative analysis of the typical interview and sensitive interview is presented, which allows journalists to comply with all requirements that would not harm interviewees and preserve the balance in the journalist-guest-audience triad. The essence of the new terminology that began to be used in Ukraine during the full-scale war – «journalism of trauma» and «collective trauma» – is revealed. Emphasis is put on society’s ability to experience and make sense of collective trauma through the stories of individuals told in sensitive interviews. Sensitive content is significant during the war, because through human stories and personal testimonies, the world gets an idea of horrors, so one can feel the fullness of this tragic stage in the country’s history. Russia’s war against Ukraine significantly changed the working conditions of journalists, because the need to cover tragic events (murders, rapes, shelling, destruction) forced media representatives to study new rules of communication. Sensitive interviews require more thorough preparation, often even contradicting the established rules that editorial offices have used for years. Reliving the trauma and strong emotions during such interviews can help society form a new experience if the interview is conducted properly, or retraumatize if the journalist has neglected important rules. Ukrainian interviewers gain this unique practice for world journalism every day, which makes scientific research relevant and necessary. Key words: interview; empathy; collective trauma; sensitive content; standards of journalistic creativity; war journalism.

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