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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Fu ci"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Fu ci"

Methot, N., and K. Basler. "Suppressor of fused opposes hedgehog signal transduction by impeding nuclear accumulation of the activator form of Cubitus interruptus." Development 127, no. 18 (2000): 4001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.18.4001.

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Hedgehog controls the expression of key developmental genes through the conversion of the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci) into either an activator (Ci[act]) or a repressor (Ci[rep]) form. Proteolytic cleavage of full-length Ci is important for the generation of Ci[rep], but little is known about how Ci[act] arises in response to Hh. Here we examine Hh signal transduction components for their role in the conversion of full-length Ci into either Ci[act] or Ci[rep]. We report that Cos2, PKA and Fused are necessary for the generation of Ci[rep], whereas the inhibition of either Cos2 or PKA activity is a prerequisite for Ci[act] formation. Fused (Fu) kinase stimulates a constitutively active form of Ci in a Hh-dependent manner, suggesting that Fu enhances the activity rather than the formation of Ci[act]. Su(fu) reduces the nuclear accumulation of the constitutively active form of Ci, arguing that Su(fu) can function subsequent to Ci[act] formation. We propose that Hh induces target gene expression by a two-step mechanism in which Ci[act] is first formed and then accumulates in the nucleus via Fu-induced neutralization of Su(fu) activity.

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Zhou, Mengmeng, Yuhong Han, Bing Wang, Yong Suk Cho, and Jin Jiang. "Dose-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Hh pathway transcription factors." Life Science Alliance 5, no. 11 (2022): e202201570. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201570.

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Graded Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is mediated by graded Cubitus interruptus (Ci)/Gli transcriptional activity, but how the Hh gradient is converted into the Ci/Gli activity gradient remains poorly understood. Here, we show that graded Hh induces a progressive increase in Ci phosphorylation at multiple Fused (Fu)/CK1 sites including a cluster located in the C-terminal Sufu-binding domain. We demonstrated that Fu directly phosphorylated Ci on S1382, priming CK1 phosphorylation on adjacent sites, and that Fu/CK1-mediated phosphorylation of the C-terminal sites interfered with Sufu binding and facilitated Ci activation. Phosphorylation at the N-terminal, middle, and C-terminal Fu/CK1 sites occurred independently of one another and each increased progressively in response to increasing levels of Hh or increasing amounts of Hh exposure time. Increasing the number of phospho-mimetic mutations of Fu/CK1 sites resulted in progressively increased Ci activation by alleviating Sufu-mediated inhibition. We found that the C-terminal Fu/CK1 phosphorylation cluster is conserved in Gli2 and contributes to its dose-dependent activation. Our study suggests that the Hh signaling gradient is translated into a Ci/Gli phosphorylation gradient that activates Ci/Gli by gradually releasing Sufu-mediated inhibition.

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Köhne, C.-H., J. Wils, M. Lorenz, et al. "Randomized Phase III Study of High-Dose Fluorouracil Given As a Weekly 24-Hour Infusion With or Without Leucovorin Versus Bolus Fluorouracil Plus Leucovorin in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Group Study 40952." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 20 (2003): 3721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.11.122.

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Purpose: This trial was conducted to determine whether high-dose fluorouracil (FU) given as a weekly 24-hour infusion is more active than bolus FU + leucovorin (LV), and whether high-dose infusional FU can be modulated by LV. Patients and Methods: A total of 497 patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to receive bolus FU 425 mg/m2 intravenously + LV 20 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5 and repeated on day 28 (FU + LV), or FU 2,600 mg/m2 as a 24-hour infusion alone (FU24h) or in combination with 500 mg/m2 LV (FU24h + LV)—all given weekly ×6 followed by a 2-week rest period. Survival was the major study end point. Results: With a median follow-up of more than 3 years, survival did not differ among the treatment groups (median FU + LV, 11.1 months [95% CI, 10.2 to 15.0 months]; FU24h, 13.0 months [95% CI, 10.4 to 15.4 months]; FU24h + LV, 13.7 months [95% CI, 12.0 to 16.4 months]; P = .724). Progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer for FU24h + LV (median FU + LV, 4.0 months [95% CI, 3.4 to 4.9]; FU24h, 4.1 months [95% CI, 3.4 to 5.0]; FU24h + LV 5.6 months [95% CI, 4.4 to 6.7]; P = .029). The response rates in the subgroup of patients with measurable disease were 12%, 10%, and 17% for FU + LV, FU24h, and FU24h + LV, respectively (not significant). Occurrence of grade 3 and 4 diarrhea was higher in the FU24h + LV arm (22%) compared with the FU24h (6%) or FU + LV (9%) arms; however, stomatitis (11% in FU + LV v 3% in FU24h v 5% in FU24h + LV arms) and hematologic toxicity were higher in the bolus FU + LV arm. Global quality of life did not differ within the three arms. Conclusion: Neither FU24h + LV nor FU24h prolong survival, relative to bolus FU + LV. Leucovorin increases PFS if added to FU24h, but increases toxicity.

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Kabbinavar, Fairooz, Herbert I. Hurwitz, Louis Fehrenbacher, et al. "Phase II, Randomized Trial Comparing Bevacizumab Plus Fluorouracil (FU)/Leucovorin (LV) With FU/LV Alone in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 1 (2003): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.10.066.

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Purpose: This phase II trial investigated the safety and efficacy of two doses of bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, plus fluorouracil (FU)/leucovorin (LV) versus FU/LV alone in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods: One hundred four previously untreated patients with measurable metastatic colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment groups: 36 to FU (500 mg/m2)/LV (500 mg/m2) alone, 35 to FU/LV + low-dose bevacizumab (5 mg/kg every 2 weeks), and 33 to FU/LV + high-dose bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks). FU/LV was given weekly for the first 6 weeks of each 8-week cycle. Results: Compared with the FU/LV control arm, treatment with bevacizumab (at both dose levels) plus FU/LV resulted in higher response rates (control arm, 17%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 7% to 34%; low-dose arm, 40%, 95% CI, 24% to 58%; high-dose arm, 24%, 95% CI, 12% to 43%), longer median time to disease progression (control arm, 5.2 months, 95% CI, 3.5 to 5.6 months; low-dose arm, 9.0 months, 95% CI, 5.8 to 10.9 months; high-dose arm, 7.2 months, 95% CI, 3.8 to 9.2 months), and longer median survival (control arm, 13.8 months; 95% CI, 9.1 to 23.0 months; low-dose arm, 21.5 months, 95% CI, 17.3 to undetermined; high-dose arm, 16.1 months; 95% CI, 11.0 to 20.7 months). After cross-over, two of 22 patients had a partial response to bevacizumab alone. Thrombosis was the most significant adverse event and was fatal in one patient. Hypertension, proteinuria, and epistaxis were other potential safety concerns. Conclusion: The encouraging results of this randomized trial support further study of bevacizumab 5 mg/kg plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer.

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Ku, Geoffrey Yuyat, Benjamin Haaland, and Gilberto de Lima Lopes. "Cetuximab (C225) in the first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (Pts) with K-ras wild-type (WT) tumors: Does the choice and schedule of fluoropyrimidine (Fp) matter?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (2012): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.576.

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576 Background: C225, a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor, has been shown to inconsistently improve response rates (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the first-line treatment of advanced CRC Pts with K-ras WT tumors. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of four trials where K-ras WT Pts received a Fp (capecitabine (C) or bolus (b) or infusional (CI) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)) and oxaliplatin (oxali) or irinotecan (CPT) ± C225 (CRYSTAL, OPUS, COIN and NORDIC VII trials) and one trial, where K-ras WT and mutant Pts received C225 with capecitabine (C) and oxali or CPT (AIO study). We sought to determine if the choice of Fp affects the response to C225. A mixed effects model similar to that of DerSimonian and Laird was fit by restricted maximum likelihood and used to obtain an overall estimate of the effect of C225 in the presence of CI 5-FU, an indirect estimate of the decrease in the effect of C225 in the presence of C/b5-FU relative to CI 5-FU, and an estimate of the study-to-study variability. Results: Only Pts treated with CI 5-FU based chemo derived benefit from C225. Relative to CI 5-FU, Pts treated with C or b5-FU based doublet chemo had a decrease in RR, PFS and OS. The choice of oxali or CPT did not affect responses to C225. Conclusions: The lack of benefit for C225 with C or b5-FU chemo is unexpected. A possible explanation is increased toxicity with C225, which led to dose reduction of C only in the C225-arm of the COIN study; however, increased toxicity was not seen in the NORDIC VII study. Pending further study, only CI 5-FU regimens should be used with C225. [Table: see text]

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Wang-Gillam, Andrea, Chung-Pin Li, Gyorgy Bodoky, et al. "Updated overall survival analysis of NAPOLI-1: Phase III study of nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI, MM-398), with or without 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (5-FU/LV), versus 5-FU/LV in metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPAC) previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (2016): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.417.

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417 Background: NAPOLI-1 is a global, randomized Phase 3 study evaluating nal-IRI—a nanoliposomal irinotecan—with or without 5-FU/LV in 417 patients with mPAC previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy. Primary survival analysis was based on 313 events. Nal-IRI+5FU/LV significantly improved overall survival (OS, primary endpoint), 6.1 months (mo) vs 4.2 mo; with 5-FU/LV (unstratified hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67; P = 0.012). Primary endpoint was supported by improved progression-free survival, time to treatment failure, objective response and CA19-9 tumor marker response rates, and manageable toxicities. An updated analysis of OS, 6- and 12-month-survival estimates, and safety is presented. Methods: The updated descriptive analysis of OS, based on 378 events (25 May 2015), includes data from all randomized patients across the 3 arms. Results: After 378 OS events, nal-IRI+5-FU/LV (n = 117) retained an OS advantage relative to 5-FU/LV (n = 119): 6.2 mo (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8–8.4) vs 4.2 mo (95% CI, 3.3–5.3) with an unstratified HR of 0.75 (P = 0.0417). In contrast, there was no OS advantage with nal-IRI monotherapy (n = 151) vs 5-FU/LV (n = 149): 4.9 mo [95% CI, 4.2–5.6] vs 4.2 mo [95% CI, 3.6–4.9], HR = 1.08; P = 0.5. Six-month survival estimates were 53% (95% CI, 44–62%) for nal-IRI+5-FU/LV vs 38% (95% CI, 29–47%) for 5-FU/LV; 12-month survival estimates were 26% (95% CI, 18-35%) for nal-IRI+5-FU/LV vs 16% (95% CI, 10–24%) for 5-FU/LV. With events in nearly all patients, the OS curves converge at ~20 mo with 19 patients (16.2%) surviving beyond 20 mo. This is a reason for attenuation of the HR estimate and unstratified log rank p-value. The most common grade 3+ adverse events occurring at a ≥ 2% incidence in the nal-IRI-containing arms were neutropenia, diarrhea, vomiting, and fatigue. Conclusions: In an updated analysis, the median OS benefit for nal-IRI+5FU/LV over 5-FU/LV was maintained, with a similar safety profile. Nal-IRI+5-FU/LV may be a new standard of care for patients with mPAC previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT01494506.

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Wagner, Anna D., Wilfried Grothe, Johannes Haerting, Gerhard Kleber, Axel Grothey, and Wolfgang E. Fleig. "Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Aggregate Data." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18 (2006): 2903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.05.0245.

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Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods Randomized phase II and III clinical trials on first-line chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer were identified by electronic searches of Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and Cancerlit; hand searches of relevant abstract books and reference lists; and contact to experts. Meta-analysis was performed using the fixed-effect model. Overall survival, reported as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI, was the primary outcome measure. Results Analysis of chemotherapy versus best supportive care (HR = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.52) and combination versus single agent, mainly fluorouracil (FU) -based chemotherapy (HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.74 to 0.93) showed significant overall survival benefits in favor of chemotherapy and combination chemotherapy, respectively. In addition, comparisons of FU/cisplatin-containing regimens with versus without anthracyclines (HR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.95) and FU/anthracycline-containing combinations with versus without cisplatin (HR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.91) both demonstrated a significant survival benefit for the three-drug combination. Comparing irinotecan-containing versus nonirinotecan-containing combinations (mainly FU/cisplatin) resulted in a nonsignificant survival benefit in favor of the irinotecan-containing regimens (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.06), but they have never been compared against a three-drug combination. Conclusion Best survival results are achieved with three-drug regimens containing FU, an anthracycline, and cisplatin. Among these, regimens including FU as bolus exhibit a higher rate of toxic deaths than regimens using a continuous infusion of FU, such as epirubicin, cisplatin, and continuous-infusion FU.

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Arkenau, Hendrik-Tobias, Dirk Arnold, Jim Cassidy, et al. "Efficacy of Oxaliplatin Plus Capecitabine or Infusional Fluorouracil/Leucovorin in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Trials." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 36 (2008): 5910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.16.7759.

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PurposeSix randomized phase II and III trials have investigated the role of oxaliplatin (OX) in combination with capecitabine (CAP) or infusional fluorouracil (FU) in metastatic colorectal cancer. This meta-analysis compared the efficacy of CAP/OX compared with infusional FU/OX.Patients and MethodsThis analysis compared all published CAP/OX versus infusional FU/OX regimens. A total of 3,494 patients (FU, n = 1,737; CAP, n = 1,757) were analyzed for response rate (RR), progression-free (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity.ResultsThe fixed-effect pooled estimate for RR showed higher RR for FU-based regimens (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.97; P = .02) whereas the analysis of chemotherapy-only trials, excluding the bevacizumab containing NO16966 and TREE 2 trials, led to an OR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.92; P = .007). However, for PFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.12; P = .17) and OS (HR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.12; P = .41) all models suggested similar outcome within the range of noninferiority. Grade 3/4 toxicities (thrombocytopenia—HR = 2.07, 95% CI, 1.42 to 3.03; P < .0002; diarrhea—HR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.66; P < .0009; and grade 2/3 hand-foot-syndrome [HFS]—HR = 3.54; 95% CI, 2.07 to 6.05; P < .00001) were less prominent with FU-based regimens whereas neutropenia (HR = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.19; P < .00001) was lower in the CAP regimens.ConclusionThe combination of CAP and OX resulted in lower RR, but this did not affect PFS and OS, which were similar in both treatment arms. The toxicity analysis showed the characteristic toxicity of each of the different FU schedules, with thrombocytopenia and HFS consistently more prominent in the CAP regimens.

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Nam, Ki-Woong, Chi Kyung Kim, Tae Jung Kim, et al. "FLAIR vascular hyperintensities predict early ischemic recurrence in TIA." Neurology 90, no. 9 (2018): e738-e744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005034.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensity (FVH) and early ischemic lesion recurrence (follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging [FU-DWI] [+]) in patients with lesion-negative TIA.MethodsWe recruited consecutive patients with lesion-negative TIA within 24 hours of symptom onset, who underwent follow-up MRI during the acute period. FVH was defined as a focal or serpentine high signal intensity on FLAIR images. Other potential confounders were adjusted to evaluate the relationship between FVH and FU-DWI (+). Furthermore, to compare clinical outcomes between the FU-DWI (+) and FU-DWI (−) groups, we assessed 1-year recurrent ischemic stroke or TIA.ResultsAmong 392 patients with lesion-negative TIA, 82 patients had FU-DWI (+) on the follow-up MRI. In the multivariate analysis, FVH remained an independent predictor of FU-DWI (+) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45–9.29, p < 0.001). The time to initial MRI (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.33–0.70, p < 0.001) and intracranial atherosclerosis (aOR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.10–3.92, p = 0.025) were also associated with FU-DWI (+), independent of FVH. In clinical outcomes, the FU-DWI (+) group showed more frequent 1-year recurrent ischemic stroke events than the FU-DWI (−) group (10.7% vs 3.1%, respectively, p = 0.007).ConclusionsFVH is associated with FU-DWI (+) in patients with lesion-negative TIA. As FU-DWI (+) frequently occurs during the acute period and has a subsequent worse outcome after discharge, additional radiologic or clinical markers for it are necessary.

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Poplin, Elizabeth A., Jacqueline K. Benedetti, Norman C. Estes, et al. "Phase III Southwest Oncology Group 9415/Intergroup 0153 Randomized Trial of Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Levamisole Versus Fluorouracil Continuous Infusion and Levamisole for Adjuvant Treatment of Stage III and High-Risk Stage II Colon Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, no. 9 (2005): 1819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.04.169.

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Purpose Modest toxicity and possibly enhanced activity makes continuous-infusion fluorouracil (FU) an attractive alternative to FU plus leucovorin (FU/LV) for the adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer. Intergroup trial 0153 (Southwest Oncology Group trial 9415) was developed to compare the efficacy of continuous-infusion FU (CIFU) plus levamisole to FU/LV plus levamisole in the adjuvant treatment of high-risk Dukes' B2 and C1 or C2 colon cancer. Patients and Methods After surgery, patients were randomly assigned to CIFU 250 mg/m2/d for 56 days every 9 weeks for three cycles or FU 425 mg/m2 and LV 20 mg/m2 daily for 5 days every 28 to 35 days for six cycles. All patients received levamisole 50 mg tid for 3 days every other week. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Results The study closed in December 1999 after an interim analysis demonstrated little likelihood of CIFU showing superiority to FU/LV within the stipulated hazard ratio. A total of 1,135 patients were registered. At least one grade 4 toxicity occurred in 39% of patients receiving FU/LV and 5% of patients receiving CIFU. However, almost twice as many patients receiving CIFU discontinued therapy early compared with those receiving FU/LV. The 5-year OS is 70% (95% CI, 66% to 74%) for FU/LV and 69% (95% CI, 64% to 73%) for CIFU. The corresponding 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) is 61% (95% CI, 56% to 65%) and 63% (95% CI, 59% to 68%), respectively. For all patients, 5-year OS is 83%, 74%, and 55%; 5-year DFS is 78%, 67%, and 47% for N0, N1, and N2-3, respectively. Conclusion CIFU had less severe toxicity but did not improve DFS or OS in comparison with bolus FU/LV.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Fu ci"

Chen, Min-Chu, and 陳民珠. "The Research On Wang,Fu-zhi''s Jiang-Zhai Ci." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36064492030948343152.

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蕭岳煊. "A study of Feng Weimin’s "Hai Fu Shan Tan Ci Gao"." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54nhra.

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Yeh, Yiang-yin, and 葉亮吟. "A Study on the Creative Writings of Su Shi’s “Ci”and “Fu” Poetry." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32549906268857509177.

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Duk, Yang Seoung, and 梁承德. "A Study on The theory of Ci Fu in Wei Jin Southern Northern Dynasty." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18280292973029020302.

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Siao, Wan-Ru, and 蕭琬茹. "Cross-Genre Writing: Essay, Fu and Qu Inheritance and Innovation Of Shih-Chuan Ciang’s Tung-Hsien Ci." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6p5385.

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碩士 國立中興大學 中國文學系所 101 英文摘要 This dissertation aims to investigate the cross-genre writing of 《Tung-Hsien Ci》 among prose, Fu (poetry) and Qu (poetry). In terms of turning the prose into “Ci (poetry),” it discusses the grand style of Chia-Hsuan Ci, mixed with prose syntaxes. As for the turning from Fu to Qu, this article chooses the Ci of Elegant Cial School in Song Dynasty as a contrast to Tung-Hsien Ci. Although there are differences in terms of the style between the two, both of them are mainly chant. Dealing with the turning of Ci to Qu, taking the Ci of Ming Dynasty and Tung Hsien Ci for example , this essay also explores that whether the writing between Ci and Qu was valuable or not. There were many factors result in the confusion between Ci and Qu, for Ming Dynasty. Writing Ci in Qu was another way, or it would injure the vitality of Ci, which would be worthy of investigating. The second chapter is to investigate the features and value in prose sentence Cis. However, most critics still think that it is unorthodox to writing Ci in prose, and difficult to interpret the gloomy and mildly style of Ci. Even the genius such as Chia-Hsuan has still been blamed. Although Ting-zhuo Chen and Zhou-yi Kuang admire the verve and refining of Chia-Hsuan Ci, they treat him as a special case. They think that no profound scholarship is enough to learn Chia-Hsuan Ci, especially Shih-Chuan Chiang, who is considered to imitate Chia-Hsuan Ci, but only dross. Therefore, I will arrange Chia-Hsuan Ci and Shih-Chuan Chiang’s Ci to the same column in the chapter, and analyse the characteristics and defects of Tung-Hsien Ci from the point of view of writing Ci in prose. The third chapter is to emphasize the technique of Fu by Shih-Chuan Chiang. There are many chanting things Ci and written on paintings Cis in Tung-Hsien Ci, this themes most can show the skill of the poet’s depiction and description. I will compare Tung-Hsien Ci and Mei-Xi, Meng-chuang, Bi-shan’s chanting things Cis, this shows that both Chanting Things, why predecessors slightly better. Predecessors master the soul of Ci, without it, depiction is poor. Shih-Chuan Chiang’s chanting things Cis giving people a frivolous impression, especially he often uses anecdotes and legends as allusions, this is similar to the South Song poets, but Shih-Chuan Chiang use allusions incongruously. Most of the allusions he has used come from history books and unofficial history. This means that he may show off the intent of learning. The fourth chapter pay attention to Shih-Chuan Chiang’s style of writing Ci in Qu. Shih-Chuan Chiang is a drama writer, he is just like Shao-Xin Shi, Xian-Zu Tang and Yu Lee. They write Ci accompanied by Qu style, but I think that industry specializing in surgery. A drama writer writing Ci in Qu causes people to be confused with Ci and Qu. If literature loses its significance, this behavior is putting the cart before the horse. Although, since the Ming Dynasty, there is a tendency that Qu is often merged into Ci in the early Qing Dynasty. After worthies and Yi-zun Zhu drastic reforms, Shih-Chuan Chiang still writes Ci in Qu. This makes me associate to his identity as a drama writer. The fifth chapter will integrate the features of Tung-Hsien Ci , and will induct contribution and missing to the history of literature, looking forward to the fair criticism of Tung-Hsien Ci.

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I-ChiaChen and 陳怡嘉. "A Study of Shuo Tang Gu Ci “Story of Qin Qiong’s Visit and Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu with illustration”." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17243807172670894329.

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碩士 國立成功大學 中國文學系碩博士班 98 The ancient history stories about the heroes fought for power at the end of Sui Dynasty and at the beginning of Tang Dynasty had a great development among Chinese classic novels, dramas, and other forms of literature. For example, “Shuo Tang Quan Zhuan” which was collated by Yun Hu Yu Sou of Cing Dynasty (abbr. “Shuo Tang”) was very popular among people. Many stories of Folk Literature were based on its plots. When it comes to the study of “Shuo Tang”, many researchers were focus on contrasting the different plots of “Shuo Tang” and other series novels of Sui and Tang Dynasty. On this study, the researcher tries to explore the new interpretation in the stories of “Shou Tang” from digging into the stories of Folk Literature the stories. Take “Gu Ci” which was about ancient stories for example. However, due to the great amount of “Shuo Tang Gu Ci Series”, this study will concentrate on the earlier and well-preserved “Story of Qin Qiong’s Visit and Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu with illustration” from “Periodicals of Precious Treasures of National Palace Museum”(abbr. “Qin Qion’s Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu”). The structure of the thesis, the whole article contains five chapters. Chapter One is the Introduction which will give the general ideas of the motivation, the comments of the former results, the research methods, and interpret the basic outlines of this thesis. Chapter Two “The Structure of Gu Ci of Shuo Tang”. First, the research will concentrate on “Qin Qion’s Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu”, which will probe into the structure, contents and relevant issues. Second, the research will explore the contents and versions of “Shuo Tang””, which will organize the materials found in “The Institute of History and Phiology” and other precious information from overseas as well. Third, construct the story structure of “Shuo Tang Gu Ci Series”, which will interpret the methods and the findings, present the structure, and probe into the meaning and value of constructing the structure of the stories. Because “Gu Ci”is the form of art which is composed of the repetition of prose and rhyme, Chapter Three will concentrate on the structure of rhyme in “Qin Qion’s Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu”. Moreover, the researcher will devide it into three categories, poems, surtitle, and Zan and Fu, and discuss the relevant questions about the position and the funtion. Chapter Four will analysze the revision of “Shuo Tang” in “Qin Qion’s Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu”. First, comtrast the differences between “Qin Qion’s Disturbance in Tai Yuan Fu” and “Shuo Tang”from the structure of the plots and the addition of the plots. Second, focus on the transformation of the main charactors. Third, sum up the plots, the traits of the charactors, and the revied parts and analysize the cultural phenomenon which showed in “Gu Ci”. Chapter Five, reflect on the previous chapters in order to have a deeper understanding of “Shuo Tang Gu Ci Series”.

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Libri sul tema "Fu ci"

ping, Xu yi. Fu ci. Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she, 1997.

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Fu ci. Man yan shu fang, 2013.

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Songlin, Huo, and Xu Zongwen, eds. Ci fu da ci dian. Jiangsu gu ji chu ban she, 1996.

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Xie, Jun. Fu li ci. s.n., 1990.

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Ci xuan: Fu "Xu ci xuan". Nanjing da xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Zeng, Zao. Yue fu ya ci: Fu shi yi. Zhonghua shu ju, 1985.

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Zheng fu tuo fu he xin ci hui 5600 ci. Shi jie tu shu chu ban xi an gong si, 2004.

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Lu, Sanqiang, and Zao Zeng. Yue fu ya ci. Liaoning jiao yu chu ban she, 1997.

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Zhongding, Luo, and Yu Huanping, eds. Fu tang ci lu. Zhejiang gu ji chu ban she, 2018.

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Gengyuan, Wei, and Xue Lian, eds. Wan jia ci fu. Zhongguo she hui chu ban she, 2004.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Fu ci"

Iannaccone, Philip, Robert Holmgren, Marilyn L. G. Lamm, et al. "The Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway." In Inborn Errors Of Development. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195306910.003.0019.

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Abstract The highly conserved hedgehog (Hh) family of signaling proteins triggers crucial processes in early vertebrate and invertebrate development, including cell fate speci7cation, patterning, and organogenesis. The development of a large number of organ systems is directly affected by the Hh signaling pathway. Indeed, the Hh ligands, patched and smoothened transmembrane proteins, and the Ci/Gli family of transcription factors are at the nexus of mesodermal development and they are critical to epithelial–mesenchymal interactions throughout the body. It is also becoming clear that a relatively small number of pathways, the Hh pathway included, operating in a combinatorial manner are responsible for pattern formation in early development. Genetic and epigenetic aberrations, pharmacological perturbations, and environmental insults that impact the Hh signaling pathway translate to various developmental disorders and diseases, including cancer (reviewed in Villavicencio et al., 2000; Cohen, 2003). The wide variety of diseases associated with the genes in this pathway usually involves the organs and tissues in which the pathway normally operates, including the brain, gastrointestinal tract, skin, prostate, ovary, lung, muscle, and bone. Although still incompletse, our understanding of the Hh pathway has progressed rapidly in the past few years, promising a future of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases related to defects in Hh signaling. Several proteins cooperatively transduce an extracellular signal from the Hh ligand through a cascade of steps, the net result of which is a change in the pattern of expression of genes within the target cell. This change then coordinates and regulates proliferation and differentiation of various cells in a way that develops and maintains pattern. The main cast of characters in the story includes Drosophila Hh and the vertebrate homologs, Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and Desert hedgehog (Dhh); Drosophila Patched (Ptc) and the vertebrate homologs Ptc1 and Ptc2; Drosophila and vertebrate Smoothened (Smo); Drosophila Costal 2 (Cos2), vertebrate Kif family members, and yet unidenti7ed vertebrate homolog(s); Drosophila and vertebrate Fused (Fu); Drosophila and vertebrate Suppressor of fused [Su(fu)]; Drosophila Cubitus interruptus (Ci) and the vertebrate homologs, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3; and a variety of interacting proteins and intracellular regulators. In this chapter, we will examine the components and function of the pathway in the Drosophila (fruit My) model system from where most of the seminal discoveries originate and in vertebrate systems, including mouse and human, which exhibit unique features.

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"upstream portion of a river basin can also extend For example, the supply of some economic good ldo ownstream as reduced streamflow may result in (e.g., water, hay, hydroelectric power) is weather n lo o c we tateirorxness , erevvoeinratnhdouggrhoum ndwater levels at downstream dependent. In most instances, the dema ist in this portion oef te tohreolboagsiicna . lRde ro duug ct h io tndsoe in sagn oo d d /o irsipnecrrecaasp in it gaacsoansru es mup lt tioofni . n T cr heearse in fo grnpd for tha e, opdu ro la utg io hnt reservoir and groundwater levels in downstream could be defined as occurring when the demand for tppuob rt liiocns of th duction, wraetcerre basin e at siuopnp , l ie msa , y h re ysdurlote in s transportati loenc , terr ic io us p o im w pacts on that good exceeds supply as a result of a weather-ot agricultu erre , parnod rceelpatteodfsdurpopu ly ghstho su rt p fa plol rt ( sSatnhde fo srtd ro n1g97s9y ) m . b T io hsiissctohn at m str heearms ectors. Conflicts between upstream and down exists between drought and human activities. Thus, 19 a9n4yfr wa o iv retrerb use an eaxsa in rss may mpl ienftrhree su U lt, as has been the case in the incidence of drought could increase be om th nei te MdisS so ta utreisR ( isveeerBOapsp in e ) r . cchha an ng gee in in so th ci e e ta flrevquu ln en er cayb il o it fytthoewpah te yrsischaolcaeuvseenot, faaw In h te errneartiivoen rs altrw an astceernddisnpau ti te osnaolfb te onrdaerriss , e su in chsiatsu atio rtages, or Middle East or between the United States ina th nesb ov o e th rg . r For example, nd increas aezs in o g il cea ro nsd io e n cr epao se oran la im nd a -l ucsaer ry pr in ac g tice , which exacerbates th ceaipsacsiu ty chanads Me T xi hceo . discussion up to this point has focused on the a es npdecviu al llnyerraeblielv it aynttoin fu t s ure droughts. This e m xa p m ac ptlseo is fodn is ste inctions between the types of drought during its Africa, Australia) and e in miaarre id a s re ogfiohnis ll y ( e o .g r ., sl Soopu in th g phase t or development pha drough otfd ty rpoeusgm ht a , y th deififnetre . rsree . l a During the termination terrain (e.g., Lesotho). understanding the termin Faitg io u ti roe nships between these During drought onset, agricul n tu p1h . a4se is sao ls fodurso ef uuglhitn ." In Droughts. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-30.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Fu ci"

Mudiganti, J. C., T. Idehara, Y. Tatematsu, et al. "Design of a 394.6 GHz compact gyrotron FU CW CI for 600 MHz DNP-NMR spectroscopy." In 2011 36th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2011.6105136.

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Mudiganti, J., T. Idehara, R. Ikeda, et al. "Compact gyrotron FU CW CI for 600 MHz DNP-NMR spectroscopy and hybrid quantum beam technologies." In 2012 37th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2012.6380204.

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