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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Frogs Solomon Islands"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 13 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Frogs Solomon Islands"

Pikacha, Patrick, Chris Filardi, Clare Morrison e Luke Leung. "Factors affecting frog density in the Solomon Islands". Pacific Conservation Biology 22, n. 3 (2016): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc14927.

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This paper identifies some important factors affecting the density of frogs in the Solomon Islands. Distance sampling was used to estimate frog density in all major frog habitats across 13 islands. A total of 109 transects, covering five forest types (coastal, freshwater marshes, lowland forest, hill or ridge, and montane forest) were used, with 16 species being sampled. Estimated densities ranged from 2 ha–1 to 675 ha–1. Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) was used to select the most parsimonious model of frog density. Factors identified in the selected model to predict density of Batrachylodes elegans, Batrachylodes vertebralis, Ceratobatrachus guentheri, Discodeles bufoniformis, Discodeles guppyi, Discodeles malukuna, Litoria thesaurensis, Palmatorappia solomonis, Platymantis guppyi, Platymantis neckeri, Platymantis solomonis, Platymantis sp., Platymantis weberi, and Rana kreffti were island, landform, and forest type. Additional factors such as disturbance, leaf litter, shrub, and understorey were also described by the regression model as predictors of density for B. vertebralis, C. guentheri, D. guppyi, D. malukuna, Pal. solomonis, P. guppyi, and R. kreffti. These findings have important management implications for the conservation of frogs in the Solomon Islands. High densities of most species were strongly related with forest type and low disturbance. Preservation of rainforest, in especially high conservation value old-growth forests, is imperative to protecting these species.

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Morrison, Clare, Patrick Pikacha, Tikai Pitakia e David Boseto. "Herpetofauna, community education and logging on Choiseul Island, Solomon Islands: implications for conservation". Pacific Conservation Biology 13, n. 4 (2007): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc070250.

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Biodiversity in the Solomon Islands Is extremely rich, and in the Pacific is second only to Papua New Guinea. Despite this high diversity there are only rough estimates for the biodiversity of most taxa in the Solomon Islands. As part of a terrestrial biodiversity survey, we conducted nocturnal surveys for frogs in a range of habitats from 10?1 060 m on Choiseul Island. This work was carried out between June 2005 and January 2006. In addition to the nocturnal surveys, we also conducted opportunistic diurnal searches for reptiles as well as community environmental education and awareness workshops. Fifteen frog species (65% of all Solomon Island frogs) including all five endemic species, were found during our surveys of Choiseul Island. Most of the species were fairly widespread and abundant, however, four species (Discodeles bufoniformis, Palmatorrapia solomonis, Brachylodes trossulus and B. wolfi) were fairly restricted in their distribution. In addition, we found 20 reptile species during opportunistic surveys (30% of all Solomon Island reptiles Including four endemics). Important habitats on Choiseul Island based on frog species richness and abundance are mid-altitude rainforest (500?600 m), primary lowland rainforest and lowland coastal forest. Unfortunately, it is these habitats that are most threatened by logging operations on the island. In order to aid biodiversity conservation on Choiseul Island we recommend a number of activities including additional biodiversity surveys, increased community awareness and education about biodiversity and the impacts of logging, and the drawing up of a management plan including all terrestrial taxa for Choiseul Island forests.

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Pikacha, Patrick, Clare Morrison, Chris Filardi e Luke Leung. "Factors affecting frog species richness in the Solomon Islands". Pacific Conservation Biology 23, n. 4 (2017): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc17011.

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Studies across large oceanic archipelagos often provide an opportunity for testing different processes driving patterns of species richness. Frogs are among the most abundant vertebrates in the Solomon Islands but little is known of the factors influencing their richness patterns. This study used modelling to determine important ecological and biogeographic factors affecting the species richness of frogs at multiple locations on major islands across the archipelago. Between March 2009 and August 2012, 16 frog species were recorded along 109 transects placed in coastal, lowland, ridge and montane forests across 13 islands. Mean species richness was higher in the North Solomon Islands arc (6.2 species) and decreased eastwards towards the New Georgia islands (4.7 species), and Malaita (3.2 species). A plausible explanation is that the North Solomon Islands arc is closest to New Guinea, a major centre of dispersal in the south-west Pacific. Coastal (4.6 species) and freshwater (4.8 species) forests had lower predicted species richness than lowland, ridge, and montane forest types (all with 6.2 species). In addition, more frogs were predicted in areas with thin leaf litter (6.2 species), dense shrub cover (7.7 species), and moist soils (7.7 species), which are characteristic of undisturbed forests. These results suggest that frog conservation activities in the Solomon Islands should target islands in the west with intact lowland, ridge, and montane forests. Specific knowledge of this nature is vital for amphibian conservation on tropical islands experiencing extensive habitat loss, habitat modification and widespread predicted climate change impacts.

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BROWN, RAFE M., e STEPHEN J. RICHARDS. "Two new frogs of the genus Platymantis (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae) from the Isabel Island group, Solomon Islands". Zootaxa 1888, n. 1 (29 settembre 2008): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1888.1.3.

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We describe two new species of forest frogs in the genus Platymantis from the Isabel Island group, Solomon Islands. One new species is a medium-sized, terrestrial form that is morphologically most similar to P. weberi (a widespread Solomon Islands species). The other new species is an arboreal frog that is morphologically similar to Platymantis neckeri (known from Bougainville, Choiseul, and Isabel islands). Both new species possess unique advertisement calls that distinguish them from all sympatric congeners. Because acoustic characteristics function as the primary mate-recognition signals for anuran species, and are therefore an excellent indicator of the status of unique evolutionary lineages, we recognize each as new species. We diagnose both new species on the basis of their distinctive advertisement calls and in the case of the terrestrial form, by differences in body size, body proportions and skin texture. The diversity of ceratobatrachid frogs of the Solomon islands and Bougainville is underestimated and in need of a comprehensive taxonomic review coupled with a standardized survey of acoustic characters.

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Pollard, Edgar Maeniuta, Randy Thaman, Gilianne Brodie e Clare Morrison. "Threatened Biodiversity and Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Associated Beliefs, Customs and Uses of Herpetofauna among the `Are`Are on Malaita Island, Solomon Islands". Ethnobiology Letters 6, n. 1 (24 agosto 2015): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.6.1.2015.389.

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Biodiversity and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) are in danger of being lost in many societies, especially in the rapidly urbanising Pacific Islands. Herpetofauna, in particular, are globally threatened along with their associated cultural knowledge and beliefs. The aim of this study was to examine the species richness and conservation status of herpetofauna and associated TEK among the `Are`Are on Malaita Island, Solomon Islands. Questionnaire surveys were used to collect and gather information from local informants separated into equal sex and age cohorts. A total of 18 different species of frogs and lizards were recorded and described with seven distinct cultural uses identified. Informants above the age of 60 exhibited greater herpetofaunal knowledge with males slightly more informed than females. Our results clearly show that action must be taken to document and preserve community TEK in the Solomon Islands as a foundational basis for both biodiversity and cultural conservation.

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Mahony, MJ, RM Norris e SC Donnellan. "Karyotypes of South-West Pacific Ranid Frogs (Anura:Ranidae)". Australian Journal of Zoology 44, n. 2 (1996): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9960119.

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Karyotypes of 12 species from five genera of Australian, New Guinean and Solomon Islands ranid frogs are reported and for convenience are compared and contrasted with the 2n = 26, fundamental number (FN) = 52 karyotype of Rana, the typical karyotype of the subfamily Raninae. This karyotype was found in the four species of Rana examined. One species, Ceratobatrachus guentheri, had an increased diploid number of 30, a lower FN of 38, and altered relative lengths and centromere positions of pairs 1-5, and several of the smaller pairs. These changes could have resulted from centric fissions and pericentric rearrangements which produced an increase in the number of telocentric chromosomes. Eight species, Batrachylodes vertebralis, Discodeles bufoniformis, D. guppyi, Platymantis boulengeri, P. myersi, P. neckeri, P. solomonis and P. weberi, had reduced diploid numbers and FN. The means by which reduction in diploid number and FN has occurred in these species is unknown, but may involve centric fissions to produce telocentrics, followed by translocation onto other chromosomes, or a process involving pericentric rearrangements to produce telocentric chromosomes followed by fusion of these products. With the exception of Rana, the level of chromosomal rearrangements in the south-west Pacific ranid frogs that occur on archipelagos is high compared with that observed in the continental lineages of this subfamily.

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Pollard, Edgar, Gilianne Brodie, Randy Thaman e Clare Morrison. "The use of herpetofauna and cultural values to identify priority conservation forests on Malaita, Solomon Islands." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, n. 4 (2014): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140354.

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Due to limited financial and technical resources, there is a pressing need to identify priority areas and strategies for conservation globally. This study aims to prioritize important forest areas for conservation on the island of Malaita, Solomon Islands. Five different forest types were sampled to quantify biodiversity using the species richness of frogs and lizards (herpetofauna) as a biological indicator of conservation status. Unlogged coastal, unlogged lowland and unlogged upland forests have minimal disturbance whereas logged lowland forests and plantation teak forests are heavily disturbed. Subsequently, the effects of human modification on forest systems are also quantified based on anthropogenic disturbance. Interviews with local community members were conducted to gather associated local traditional knowledge on the cultural importance of frogs, lizards and forest habitats. Prioritization methods based on species richness, species uniqueness, cultural importance and threatened status are used to identify key forest areas. The four main results found are: 1) unlogged lowland forests have the greatest biodiversity value, 2) unlogged lowland forests also have the highest cultural value based on local uses, 3) logged lowland forests are biologically important, and 4) unlogged coastal forests and unlogged lowland forests are under the greatest threat from anthropogenic activities. Based on these results, the conservation of unlogged lowland forests on Malaita should be prioritized. These results also highlight the importance of combining biological sampling with cultural information to improve the efficiency and long-term success of conservation actions.

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TRAVERS, SCOTT L., STEPHEN J. RICHARDS, TAYLOR S. BROADHEAD e RAFE M. BROWN. "A new miniature Melanesian Forest Frog (Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, constituting the first record of the subgenus Batrachylodes from outside of the Solomon Archipelago". Zootaxa 4370, n. 1 (9 gennaio 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.1.2.

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We describe a new species of Cornufer, subgenus Batrachylodes, from high-elevation forests of New Britain Island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Eastern Melanesia. The new species, Cornufer exedrus sp. nov., is a biogeographically disjunct member of the Batrachylodes clade, representing the first record of the subgenus from outside of the Solomon Archipelago. The new species is a small terrestrial form from dense, closed-canopy forests above 1500 meters elevation in the Nakanai Mountains of eastern New Britain. It differs from its closest relatives, the other members of the subgenus Batrachylodes, on the basis of its minute body size, degree of digital disc expansion, reduced subdigital tuberculation, color pattern, and other traits related to its small size. We also provide a description of the new species’ simple advertisement call. The diversity of ceratobatrachid frogs of the Bismarck Archipelago is most likely still underestimated despite several recent surveys. Our understanding of evolutionary trends and species boundaries in the subgenus Batrachylodes currently is hampered by lack of genetic samples and call recordings corresponding to voucher specimens of the endemic species of Bougainville Island.

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Alabai, Maasafi, Tommy Esau, Esau Kekeubata, Dorothy Esau, Jackson Waneagea, Lamanai'a Lobotalau, James Alick et al. "Apparent absence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in frogs in Malaita Province, Solomon Islands". Pacific Conservation Biology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc20047.

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Brenner, Emily E., Carlos R. Sanchez e Michael M. Garner. "Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Group of Solomon Island Leaf Frogs (Ceratobatrachus guentheri)". Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 30, n. 4 (25 gennaio 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/18-12-173.1.

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Tesi sul tema "Frogs Solomon Islands"

Norris, Rachel Mary. "Morphology and systematics of the Solomon Island Ranid frogs". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn858.pdf.

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"December 2002" Bibliography: leaves 230-241. Ch. 1. Introduction -- Ch. 2. Historical account -- Ch. 3. Morphometrics -- Ch. 4. Osteology of Solomon Islands ranids -- Ch. 4. Karyology of the Solomon Islands ranids -- Ch. 6. Phylogenetic analysis -- App. 1: Material examined -- App. 2: Discriminant function analysis -- App. 3: Character descriptions. "This study validates the Solomon Islands taxa (using morphometrics) and explores the biology of the Solomon Islands ranids, with detailed osteological descriptions, external morphology and karyology. Using characters from these data sets a cladistic analysis using parsimony reconstructed a phylogeny of thes frogs...Phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony found three equally parsimonious trees. Subsequent character reanalysis (successive weighting) produced one parsimonious tree. The phylogenies indicate multiple invasion events into the Solomon Islands by these ranid frogs and despite the high level of endemism, monophyly is not supported."

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Libri sul tema "Frogs Solomon Islands"

Pikacha, Patrick. Frogs of the Solomon Islands. Suva, Fiji: Institute of Applied Sciences, University of the South Pacific, 2008.

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The frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Sofia: Pensoft, 2006.

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