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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Frogs Australia Identification"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Frogs Australia Identification"

1

Shuker, Jon D., e Jean-Marc Hero. "Perch substrate use by the threatened wallum sedge frog (Litoria olongburensis) in wetland habitats of mainland eastern Australia". Australian Journal of Zoology 60, n. 4 (2012): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12030.

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Abstract (sommario):

Understanding habitat requirements for a threatened species is important for recovery planning and management of threatening processes. This study examines utilisation of wetland habitat by the threatened wallum sedge frog (Litoria olongburensis), which breeds in acidic waters of coastal sandy lowlands in subtropical eastern Australia. Habitat utilisation was determined by comparing perch substrate observations with perch substrate availability in wetlands occupied by the species throughout its mainland distribution range. A high proportion (75.3%) of adult wallum sedge frogs perched on upright sedges, comprising Baumea, Schoenus and Chorizandra species, which was much higher than expected on the basis of availability (P < 0.001). Baloskion pallens, a thin sedge-like herbaceous plant, was utilised by 12.1% of the frogs, which was lower than expected on the basis of availability (P = 0.020). Other herbaceous species and shrubs were also utilised significantly less than expected. The identification of preferred perch species is critical for impact assessment and mitigation activities, including design, construction, restoration and maintenance of wetlands suitable for the survival and reproduction of the wallum sedge frog.

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2

Wilson, Natasha J., Jamie E. Seymour e Craig R. Williams. "Predation of two common native frog species (Litoria ewingi and Crinia signifera) by freshwater invertebrates". Australian Journal of Zoology 62, n. 6 (2014): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14026.

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The primary aim of this study was to identify aquatic invertebrate predators of amphibian eggs and tadpoles in an area of South Australia. The presence and abundance of aquatic invertebrates was monitored at four field sites for a period of 5–6 months; this revealed notonectids, freshwater crayfish and odonates to be amongst the most common invertebrate predator types. The ability of these predators to consume eggs and tadpoles of the native Australian frogs Litoria ewingi and Crinia signifera was then investigated. Freshwater crayfish (Cherax destructor) were the most prolific consumers of frog eggs and tadpoles. The notonectid Enithares woodwardi significantly impacted tadpole survivorship for both species while Anisops sp. was less successful at capturing and consuming these tadpoles. Caddisfly nymphs (Lectrides varians and Leptorussa darlingtoni) reduced egg survivorship but not to the same extent as C. destructor. Unlike some predators, which prey upon particular life stages, freshwater crayfish are large, polytrophic omnivores that can act as important predators of both anuran eggs and tadpoles. Given that predation is a key source of mortality in juveniles, identification of likely common predators is useful for understanding the regulation of amphibian populations.

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3

Gould, John, John Clulow e Simon Clulow. "Using citizen science in the photo-identification of adult individuals of an amphibian based on two facial skin features". PeerJ 9 (9 aprile 2021): e11190. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11190.

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Among amphibians, adults have traditionally been identified in capture-mark-recapture studies using invasive marking techniques with associated ethical, cost and logistical considerations. However, species in this group may be strong candidates for photo-identification based on natural skin features that removes many of these concerns, with this technique opening up opportunities for citizen scientists to be involved in animal monitoring programs. We investigated the feasibility of using citizen science to distinguish between individuals of an Australian anuran (the sandpaper frog, Lechriodus fletcheri) based on a visual analysis of their natural skin features. We collected photographs of marked individuals in the field over three breeding seasons using a smartphone device. This photo-database was used to create an online survey to determine how easily members of the general public could photo-match individuals by a comparison of two facial skin features; black banding that runs horizontally above the tympanum and a background array of tubercles present in this region. Survey participants were provided with 30 closed, multiple choice questions in which they were asked to match separate images of a query frog from small image pools of potential candidate matches. Participants were consistently able to match individuals with a low matching error rate (mean ± SD of 26 ± 5) despite the relatively low quality of photographs taken from a smartphone device in the field, with most query frogs being matched by a majority of participants (mean ± SD of 86.02 ± 9.52%). These features were found to be unique and stable among adult males and females. Thus, photo-identification is likely to be a valid, non-invasive method for capture-mark-recapture for L. fletcheri, and likely many anurans that display similar facial skin features. This may become an important alternative to artificial marking techniques, with the challenges of manual photo-matching reduced by spreading workloads among members of the public that can be recruited online.

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4

BATIZ, MARÍA F. ROSSI, e ANA M. M. DE REMES LENICOV. "A new genus and species of Saccharosydnini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae) from Argentina". Zootaxa 3118, n. 1 (5 dicembre 2011): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3118.1.5.

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One new delphacid genus and species, Lacertina australis Remes Lenicov & Rossi Batiz, gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae: Saccharosydnini), is described and illustrated from Argentina with distribution data and host plants data provided. The new genus is easily distinguished from all other genera of the Neotropical Saccharosydnini by being strongly dorsoventrally flattened with a wide vertex projecting 2/3 of its length beyond the eyes and the presence of two submedian carinae on frons. An identification key to the genera of Saccharosydnini is provided.

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5

Rogers, Daniel J. "Individuality of advertisement calls in the Australian frog Pseudophryne bibroni: Potential for identification of individuals". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 106, n. 4 (ottobre 1999): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.427422.

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6

Henle, Klaus. "A hitherto overlooked type of colour change in frogs and its significance for the identification of species in the Australian genus Neobatrachus". Amphibia-Reptilia 31, n. 2 (2010): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853810791069146.

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AbstractColour change is a well-known phenomenon in many amphibians. Most of these changes involve transient darkening, lightening, or attainment of breeding colours. Nuptial calosities may become lighter outside the main breeding season. Depigmentation as an extreme form of lightening has been documented also for keratinized structures of tadpole mouths. Here I report a hitherto overlooked type of colour change: darkening of metatarsal tubercles from white to almost black. At Kinchega National Park in New South Wales, individuals of the Australian borrowing frog Neobatrachus pictus emerging from their aestivation burrows after rains had white outer metatarsal tubercles. Within a few hours to two days the metatarsal tubercles had turned completely black. This indicates that the extent of black colouration of the outer metatarsal tubercle hitherto used to discriminate the species N. centralis from N. pictus and N. sudelli is unreliable.

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7

Bataille, Arnaud, Scott D. Cashins, Laura Grogan, Lee F. Skerratt, David Hunter, Michael McFadden, Benjamin Scheele et al. "Susceptibility of amphibians to chytridiomycosis is associated with MHC class II conformation". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, n. 1805 (22 aprile 2015): 20143127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.3127.

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The pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) can cause precipitous population declines in its amphibian hosts. Responses of individuals to infection vary greatly with the capacity of their immune system to respond to the pathogen. We used a combination of comparative and experimental approaches to identify major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) alleles encoding molecules that foster the survival of Bd-infected amphibians. We found that Bd-resistant amphibians across four continents share common amino acids in three binding pockets of the MHC-II antigen-binding groove. Moreover, strong signals of selection acting on these specific sites were evident among all species co-existing with the pathogen. In the laboratory, we experimentally inoculated Australian tree frogs with Bd to test how each binding pocket conformation influences disease resistance. Only the conformation of MHC-II pocket 9 of surviving subjects matched those of Bd-resistant species. This MHC-II conformation thus may determine amphibian resistance to Bd, although other MHC-II binding pockets also may contribute to resistance. Rescuing amphibian biodiversity will depend on our understanding of amphibian immune defence mechanisms against Bd. The identification of adaptive genetic markers for Bd resistance represents an important step forward towards that goal.

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8

Taylor, Andrew, Hamish I. McCallum, Graeme Watson e Gordon C. Grigg. "Impact of cane toads on a community of Australian native frogs, determined by 10 years of automated identification and logging of calling behaviour". Journal of Applied Ecology 54, n. 6 (30 gennaio 2017): 2000–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12859.

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9

Dundas, Shannon J., Katinka X. Ruthrof, Giles E. St J. Hardy e Patricia A. Fleming. "Pits or pictures: a comparative study of camera traps and pitfall trapping to survey small mammals and reptiles". Wildlife Research 46, n. 2 (2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18074.

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Context Camera trapping is a widely used monitoring tool for a broad range of species across most habitat types. Camera trapping has some major advantages over other trapping methods, such as pitfall traps, because cameras can be left in the field for extended periods of time. However, there is still a need to compare traditional trapping methods with newer techniques. Aims To compare trap rates, species richness and community composition of small mammals and reptiles by using passive, unbaited camera traps and pitfall traps. Methods We directly compared pitfall trapping (20-L buried buckets) with downward-facing infrared-camera traps (Reconyx) to survey small reptiles and mammals at 16 sites within a forested habitat in south-western Australia. We compared species captured using each method, as well as the costs associated with each. Key results Overall, we recorded 228 reptiles, 16 mammals and 1 frog across 640 pitfall trap-nights (38.3 animal captures per 100 trap-nights) compared to 271 reptiles and 265 mammals (for species likely to be captured in pitfall traps) across 2572 camera trap nights (20.8 animal captures per 100 trap-nights). When trap effort is taken into account, camera trapping was only 23% as efficient as pitfall trapping for small reptiles (mostly Scincidae), but was five times more efficient for surveying small mammals (Dasyuridae). Comparing only those species that were likely to be captured in pitfall traps, 13 species were recorded by camera trapping compared with 20 species recorded from pitfall trapping; however, we found significant (P<0.001) differences in community composition between the methods. In terms of cost efficacy, camera trapping was the more expensive method for our short, 4-month survey when taking the cost of cameras into consideration. Conclusions Applicability of camera trapping is dependent on the specific aims of the intended research. Camera trapping is beneficial where community responses to ecosystem disturbance are being tested. Live capture of small reptiles via pitfall trapping allows for positive species identification, morphological assessment, and collection of reference photos to help identify species from camera photos. Implications As stand-alone techniques, both survey methods under-represent the available species present in a region. The use of more than one survey method improves the scope of fauna community assessments.

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10

Russo, Alice G., John-Sebastian Eden, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Mang Shi, Daniel Selechnik, Richard Shine, Lee Ann Rollins, Edward C. Holmes e Peter A. White. "Viral Discovery in the Invasive Australian Cane Toad (Rhinella marina) Using Metatranscriptomic and Genomic Approaches". Journal of Virology 92, n. 17 (13 giugno 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00768-18.

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ABSTRACTCane toads are a notorious invasive species, inhabiting over 1.2 million km2of Australia and threatening native biodiversity. The release of pathogenic cane toad viruses is one possible biocontrol strategy yet is currently hindered by the poorly described cane toad virome. Metatranscriptomic analysis of 16 cane toad livers revealed the presence of a novel and full-length picornavirus, Rhimavirus A (RhiV-A), a member of a reptile- and amphibian-specific cluster of thePicornaviridaebasal to theKobuvirus-like group. In the combined liver transcriptome, we also identified a complete genome sequence of a distinct epsilonretrovirus, Rhinella marina endogenous retrovirus (RMERV). The recently sequenced cane toad genome contains 8 complete RMERV proviruses as well as 21 additional truncated insertions. The oldest full-length RMERV provirus was estimated to have inserted 1.9 million years ago (MYA). To screen for these viral sequences in additional toads, we analyzed publicly available transcriptomes from six diverse Australian locations. RhiV-A transcripts were identified in toads sampled from three locations across 1,000 km of Australia, stretching to the current Western Australia (WA) invasion front, while RMERV transcripts were observed at all six sites. Finally, we scanned the cane toad genome for nonretroviral endogenous viral elements, finding three sequences related to small DNA viruses in the familyCircoviridae. This shows ancestral circoviral infection with subsequent genomic integration. The identification of these current and past viral infections enriches our knowledge of the cane toad virome, an understanding of which will facilitate future work on infection and disease in this important invasive species.IMPORTANCECane toads are poisonous amphibians that were introduced to Australia in 1935 for insect control. Since then, their population has increased dramatically, and they now threaten many native Australian species. One potential method to control the population is to release a cane toad virus with high mortality rates, yet few cane toad viruses have been characterized. This study samples cane toads from different Australian locations and uses an RNA sequencing and computational approach to find new viruses. We report novel complete picornavirus and retrovirus sequences that were genetically similar to viruses infecting frogs, reptiles, and fish. Using data generated in other studies, we show that these viral sequences are present in cane toads from distinct Australian locations. Three sequences related to circoviruses were also found in the toad genome. The identification of new viral sequences will aid future studies that investigate their prevalence and potential as agents for biocontrol.

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Tesi sul tema "Frogs Australia Identification"

1

Tang, Li Jun. "Identification and molecular cloning of novel peptide precursors in the skin venom of South American tree frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei and Australian tree frog, Litoria aurea". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415062.

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2

Tyler, Michael J. 1937. "The biology and systematics of frogs : contributions submitted to The University of Adelaide / by Michael J. Tyler". 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/38581.

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Abstract (sommario):

Vol. [2] comprises 6 reprints of published monographs in box folder; but numbered within the publications submitted listing (90 items), and within the 3 categories identified; at the beginning of vol. 1.
Includes bibliographical references.
2 v. (various pagings) :
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Comprises 90 contributions to the biology and systematics of frogs, with particular emphasis upon those concerning the fauna of Australia and New Guinea. Provides an understanding of the state of knowledge when the author commenced his studies; permitting the extent of his work, an the nature of its significance, to be evaluated.
Thesis (D.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2002

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Libri sul tema "Frogs Australia Identification"

1

Tyler, Michael J. Field guide to the frogs of Australia. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Pub., 2009.

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2

Tyler, Michael J. Field guide to the frogs of Australia. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Pub., 2009.

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3

P, Knight F., a cura di. Field guide to the frogs of Australia. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Pub., 2009.

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4

Australian reptiles & frogs. Mosman, NSW: Pierson & Co., 1989.

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5

Barker, John S. F. A field guide to Australian frogs. Chipping Norton, N.S.W: Surrey Beatty & Sons, 1995.

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6

Cronin's key guide: Australian reptiles & frogs. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2009.

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7

Tang, LiJun. Identification amd molecular cloning of novel peptide precursors in the skin venom of South American Tree Frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei and Australian Tree Frog, Litoria aurea. [S.l: The author], 2004.

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8

Turner, James R. Frogs of Australia (Pensoft: Faunistica). Pensoft Pub, 2004.

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9

Robinson, David, Brian Bush, Brad Maryan e Robert Browne-Cooper. Reptiles and Frogs in the Bush: Southwestern Australia. Univ of Western Australia Pr, 2007.

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10

Frank, Knight, e Michael J. Tyler. Field Guide to the Frogs of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2011.

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