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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 maggio 2024

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1

Levente, Ábrahám. "The Börzsöny lacewing collection I. (Neuroptera: Osmylidae, Mantispidae, Hemerobiidae, Chrysopidae, Nemopteridae, Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae)". Kaposvári Rippl-Rónai Múzeum Közleményei, n. 7 (2020): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26080/krrmkozl.2020.7.35.

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The entomological collection of László börzsöny was donated to the rippl-rónai museum (Kaposvár) in 2019. Osmylidae 2 exx. - 2 sp., mantispidae 1 ex. - 1 sp., hemerobii-dae 2 exx. - 1 sp., Chrysopidae 28 exx. - 12 sp., nemopteridae 100 exx. - 6 sp., myrmeleontidae: ascalaphinae 444 exx. - 68 sp. were identified in this collection. During the identification, 3 new synonyms were revealed namely Palparidius fascipennis(banks, 1911) (syn. n.) a new junior synonym of Palparidius capicolaPéringuey, 1910, Ululodes sinuatus banks, 1924 (syn. n.) a new junior synonym of Cordulecerus praecellens (Gers-taecker, 1885), Agrionosoma pendleburyi Fraser, 1927 (syn. n.) is a new junior synonym of Agrionosoma dohrni van der Weele, 1909. the lectotype of Suphalomitus buyssoni van der Weele, 1909 and the lectotype of Suhpalacsa donckieri navás, 1913 were designated. Several species were found as new records for the local faunas: Dielocroce chobauti (mclachlan, 1898) for Jordan; Ameropterus selysi (van der Weele, 1909) for Peru and French Guiana; Cordulecerus praecellens (Ger-staecker, 1885), Amoea arenosa (Walker, 1853) Haploglenius cuboides Jones sl. and Ululodes venezolensis van der Weele, 1909 (stat. n.) for Peru; Allocormodes junodi van der Weele, 1909 for tanzania; Ascalobyas microcerus (rambur, 1842) for belize; Protidricerus elwesii (mcLachlan, 1891) for myanmar, thailand and vietnam; Tmesibasis rothschildi van der Weele, 1907 for ethiopia; Agrionosoma dohrni van der Weele, 1909 and Agrionosoma swinhoei van der Weele, 1909 for myanmar; Encyoposis seydeli (navás, 1929) for Zambia; Glyptobasis cor-nuta Kimmins, 1949 for nepal; Libelloides sibiricus (eversmann, 1850) for mongolia; Maezous tomijankae Ábrahám, 2008 for China and vietnam; Malesianus harisi (Ábrahám, 2008) for Indonesia; Nephoneura costalis van der Weele, 1909 for Zam-bia, Ghana, Cameroon; Phalascusa vassei van der Weele, 1909 for Kenya. Zambia, namibia and Suphalomitus formosanusEsben-Petersen, 1913 for Vietnam.

2

Bazilevich, Mikhail E., e Anton A. Kim. "STYLISTIC FEATURES OF THE EUROPEAN ARCHITECTURE OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN GUANGZHOU LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY ON THE EXAMPLE OF SHAMYAN ISLAND". Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, n. 41 (2021): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/41/1.

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The article is devoted to the architecture of European banking institutions in Guangzhou, built on the territory of Shamyan island in the late 19th – early 20th century. A brief historical excursion into the history of the formation of the British and French concessions is given. This publication examines the stylistic and compositional features of the architecture of such banking institutions as: Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation; The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China; International banking corporation (City Bank); Bank of Taiwan; Commercial Corporation of Mitsubishi; Yokogama Specie Bank; The E.D.Sassoon & Co.Ltd. и D. Sassoon Sons Co. Ltd; Bank of Indochina; China & France Industry Bank. A composite and stylistic analysis was conducted, an iconographic description of the buildings of the main banks located within the boundaries of the former European concessions on Shamyan Island is given The study reveals the general principles of the development of the architecture of banking institutions in Guangzhou. The materials and results of the research carried out by the authors of this article allowed us to formulate the following conclusions: 1. The territorial isolation of the Shamyan island from the Chinese part of Guangzhou, as well as the operation within the concessions of British and French laws, contributed to the fact that the development of the architectural ensemble of the island as a whole was carried out in line with the advanced West European architectural and urban trends. 2. Most of the banking buildings here are built in the eclectic style with the predominance of neoclassicism features, of course, this fact is connected with the desire of the owners of bank corporations to demonstrate to the clients and competitors the financial strength of their organizations. 3. In the architecture of the considered banking institutions there is an active use of tectonics and elements of the order system, colonnades, arcades, the allocation of the first floor in the form of a rustic plinth. The motifs of Renaissance architecture, Baroque and Art Nouveau are also traced. 4. The formation of the appearance of banking buildings in Shamyan was strongly influenced by local conditions. The hot and humid subtropical climate of the south of China contributed to the spread in the architecture of the structures of this type of order colonnades, forming deep open verandas, as well as the use of X-shaped creaks-elements to ensure the natural ventilation of buildings, which, in addition, became an expressive element of the facade decoration

3

Sathyanarayana, S., e Sudhindra Gargesa. "An Analytical Study of the Effect of Inflation on Stock Market Returns". IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 13, n. 2 (8 dicembre 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v13.n2.p3.

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<span lang="EN-IN">Inflation means a persistent change in the price level of goods and services in an economy. It is generally measured in the consumer price index (CPI) or retail price index (RPI). Inflation reduces the purchasing power of a country's currency, as we need more units of currency over time to buy the same goods and services. The current empirical paper entitled “relationship between inflation and stock market evidence from selected global stock markets” have been undertaken with an intention to investigate the relationship between inflation and stock returns of the chosen economies. In order to realize the stated objectives, the researchers have collected the monthly data 2000 to 2017 for selected indices. In the first phase, log returns were computed and it has been tested for the existence of unit root in the distribution. In the second phase, we ran Pearson correlation coefficient for the collected data to find out the association between the inflation and stock returns. Majority of the chosen indices recorded a negative </span><span lang="EN-IN">coefficient with the dependent variable. </span><span lang="EN-IN">For India, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, France, Ireland we found a negative coefficient. However, Brazil </span><span lang="EN-IN">Indonesia, Japanese, Mexico, Spanish and Turkey reported a positive coefficient. </span><span lang="EN-IN">Current study clearly throws light on the effect of inflation on the stock market returns, therefore; it can help the market participants such as traders, fund managers, and investors to make good portfolio decisions based on the information about expected inflation and unexpected inflation. The study confirms that there exists a significant relationship between the stock returns and inflation for Australian, Belgium, Canadian, Chilean, Chinese, French and Irish stock benchmark indices. Firms can take this one has a clue to adjust their reported profits by raising the prices. The policymakers can employ contractionary policy to reduce the supply of money by offering a low interest rate on t bills, increasing the interest rates (bank rate policy) and increasing the cash reserve ratios which in turn reduces the lending capacity of the banks.</span>

4

Marois, Bernard. "French banks and European strategy". European Management Journal 15, n. 2 (aprile 1997): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0263-2373(96)00088-6.

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5

Jarboui, Anis, e Hamadi Fakhfakh. "French banks, governance, and specific investments". International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance 1, n. 4 (2008): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmef.2008.021144.

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6

Engel, Frederic. "French banks order more ActivCard readers". Card Technology Today 12, n. 5 (maggio 2000): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-2590(00)05009-x.

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7

CHEN, Chien-Hsun. "Foreign Banks in China". East Asian Policy 06, n. 02 (aprile 2014): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179393051400018x.

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As Chinese government policy has evolved, so have the models adopted by foreign banks for developing their branch networks in China. Burdensome regulation and unequal treatment compared to those for Chinese banks have impeded the speed and scope of foreign banks' operation. China's deepening financial reforms could provide a fair and competitive environment for foreign banks' penetration, offering openings for foreign banks to participate more extensively in the Chinese economy.

8

Fungáčová, Zuzana, e Laurent Weill. "Trusting banks in China". Pacific Economic Review 23, n. 2 (26 aprile 2018): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0106.12265.

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9

Benalya, Mouldi. "The New Coronavirus and World Geopolitical Transformations". Contemporary Arab Affairs 14, n. 1 (1 marzo 2021): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2021.14.1.18.

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This article studies the major transformations resulting from the global Covid-19 pandemic and how to examine it from the point of view of social philosophy through two sub-themes. The first relates to understanding the state of collective panic in Spain, France, and Italy. It is logical that fear of the pandemic should not turn into a state of collective panic in societies living under technologically advanced political systems, except in cases where these societies lack the basic elements on which social ties are based. Therefore, how do we understand the fragility of these social ties in European countries where mass panic is threatening daily life? The second sub-theme is related to the gestures and features of creating a new geopolitical map that has benefitted from the geopolitical retreat of the West to consolidate other political and regional alliances, mainly the Chinese initiative to tender aid to Italy at a time when other European countries turned their backs on and closed their borders with that European Union member state. How do we understand the contribution of the pandemic in forming new geopolitical alliances that could reset the balance of power in the world? We will observe the political behavior of countries that are supposed to be the first to have shown solidarity with Italy, Spain, and France, which are members of the European Union. We analyze the factors related to the erosion of the basis on which classical European society is based, where collective panic represents one of the manifestations of this disintegration. This panic, which was expressed in the rush to buy foodstuffs and the outbreak of a “toilet paper” buying fever that spread throughout Europe and the United States, saw shelves suddenly empty without a direct reason for this fact. Also, the study determines the relationship that binds these factors to the political disintegration expressed in the lack of solidarity from parts of the European Union with the three countries most affected by the pandemic. The second part of the study discusses how China will benefit from these political developments in the West with the prevalence of collective panic due to the pandemic, especially in the case of Italy, and how China is consolidating solidarity relations with these countries, drawing a map of new international political relations as part of its Silk Road project. Also, there is a discussion of the French philosopher Michel Foucault’s study on plague as a theoretical framework.

10

Xiao, Yingbin. "French Banks Amid the Global Financial Crisis". IMF Working Papers 09, n. 201 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451873481.001.

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11

Huppert‐Laufer, Jacqueline, e Annie Labourie‐Racapèe. "Professional Equality of Women in French Banks". Equal Opportunities International 5, n. 2 (febbraio 1986): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb010447.

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Chen, Xudong, e Liming Yao. "Foreign Banks’ Entry and Local Banks’ Strategies in China". Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies 46, n. 4 (20 luglio 2017): 635–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12183.

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13

Lu, Yang. "French Theory in China". Contemporary French and Francophone Studies 18, n. 1 (gennaio 2014): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17409292.2014.882664.

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14

Jouida, Sameh, e Slaheddine Hallara. "Capital Structure and Regulatory Capital of French Banks". Procedia Economics and Finance 26 (2015): 892–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00901-6.

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15

de Lacotte, Herve. "French banks invest FFr 300 million in security". Card Technology Today 12, n. 4 (aprile 2000): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-2590(00)04002-0.

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Furdui, Călin, e Dorina Teodora Șfabu. "The European Banks Under the Shock of the Russian Invasion of 2022: An Event Study Approach". Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Oeconomica 68, n. 1 (1 aprile 2023): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subboec-2023-0004.

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Abstract This paper evaluates the reaction of systemically important banks in Europe to the shock of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Using the event study methodology and three of the most commonly used models for estimating theoretical returns (CAPM, Fama-French with 3 factors, Fama-French with 5 factors), we show that banks react differently relative to the event date (February 24, 2022) depending on the country. Overall, systemically important banks recorded massive cumulative abnormal returns in the event window. The results differ at the country level depending on the exposure of the respective banks to Russia, the dependence of countries on Russian gas and oil, and the level of informational efficiency of the markets on which they are traded.

17

Jen, Frank C. "Some Problems on Commercial Banking in China". Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 01, n. 02 (giugno 1998): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091598000144.

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In this paper, I discussed two problems faced by commercial banks in China in the early to mid 90's when inflation rate was high. The first problem is the use of interest rates indexed to inflation to stop disintermediation of bank deposits during the high inflation period. I observed that commercial banks cannot easily recover the additional cost of funds due to inflation from their borrower. Nor can the banks hedge the inflation risk in a public market. Banks accepting inflation-indexed deposits will then be exposing themselves to high bankruptcy risk. A proposal of offering deposit products that are denominated in RMB but indexed to gold or US$ prices is recommended as replacements for inflation-indexed deposits because for both deposit products, banks can hedge the fluctuations in interest rates through international public markets. The second problem is how banks can serve as effective monitors of economic performances of the State-Owned-Enterprises (SOEs) by allocating more credit to more efficient SOEs and by refusing credit to very weak ones. I review the problems currently faced by managers in the SOEs and in the commercial banks. I then recommend managers in commercial banks to be trained as effective loan managers capable of helping SOE managers build good businesses. Further, they have to conduct their own businesses in a very professional manner.

18

Wang, Yichen, e Régis Chenavaz. "The Entry Of International Banks In China". Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 32, n. 5 (1 settembre 2016): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i5.9775.

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With the remarkable degree of openness of China’s economy, an increasing number of foreign banks are rushing into this country. Two main theories prevail in current studies on the motivations of foreign banks to enter a new country, namely, customer-driven or market opportunity driven. Using the event study methodology, this paper analyses the value effect on foreign banks of the “entering the Chinese market” event. The results show that compared to customer-driven factors, the new opportunities of the Chinese market better explain this value effect. Our results provide a reference for foreign banks on operating strategies in China and enable a better understanding of the choice of destination and motivations for foreign banks to enter China.

19

Kaabachi, Souheila, Selima Ben Mrad e Anne Fiedler. "The moderating effect of e-bank structure on French consumers’ trust". International Journal of Bank Marketing 38, n. 2 (21 ottobre 2019): 501–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-04-2019-0119.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how an e-bank’s structure (click-and-mortar bank vs internet-only bank) influences the consumer’s evaluation of website quality, and to identify the most significant website features that influence online trust and lead to consumer loyalty. Design/methodology/approach A non-probability convenience sample of 476 online bank users (248 click-and-mortar and 230 internet-only bank users) was used in this study. An online survey was conducted. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings Findings suggest that e-trust and e-loyalty levels depend on the e-banking structure. Click-and-mortar-based online users were found to have more trust and loyalty in their online banks than internet-only bank users. Findings demonstrate that website features are evaluated differently according to the e-bank structure. Information design and interactivity are very important for internet-only banks, and their effect on online trust seems to be higher. On the other hand, website personalization was evaluated as more important for click-and-mortar banks and had a stronger impact on online trust. Practical implications To promote the trustworthiness of their websites and retain customers, internet-only banks should make the experience more tangible for users by developing a pleasant online experience. Personalization is an important variable that can enhance the consumer’s engagement with the brand. Click-and-mortar banks should enhance their interactivity by providing a continuous and consistent experience across different channels of distribution whether online or in-person and provide more interactive tools on their websites. Originality/value This study contributes significantly to the marketing research literature related to consumer trust as well as to the electronic banking literature. It is the first study to compare customers of click-and-mortar banks with customers of internet-only banks when evaluating website features. It also explores the impact of the e-bank model on the relationship between website features and online trust and customer loyalty.

20

Brandt, L. "Banks and Enterprise Privatization in China". Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 21, n. 2 (24 agosto 2005): 524–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewi022.

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Avkiran, Necmi K., Yushu Zhu, David W. L. Tripe e Kathleen Walsh. "Can foreign banks compete in China?" Accounting & Finance 57, n. 4 (21 dicembre 2015): 961–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12188.

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22

Zhou, Wencang. "The Knowledge Management in China Banks". International Journal of Knowledge, Culture, and Change Management: Annual Review 6, n. 5 (2006): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9524/cgp/v06i05/49528.

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23

Lin, Horn-Chern, e Tao Zeng. "Domestic banks' responses to the entry of foreign banks in China". Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 6, n. 3 (30 settembre 2013): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-03-2013-0008.

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24

Abascal Zorrilla, Noelia, Vincent Vantrepotte, Erwan Gensac, Nicolas Huybrechts e Antoine Gardel. "The Advantages of Landsat 8-OLI-Derived Suspended Particulate Matter Maps for Monitoring the Subtidal Extension of Amazonian Coastal Mud Banks (French Guiana)". Remote Sensing 10, n. 11 (3 novembre 2018): 1733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10111733.

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The coast of French Guiana is characterised by the northwestward migration of large mud banks alongshore and by high concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) resulting from the strong influence of the Amazon River outflow. Surface OLI SPM concentration, linked to the footprint of the subtidal part of mud banks due to resuspension and migration processes, was used to develop a method to estimate the location of this footprint. A comparison of the results from this method with those obtained by locating the limit of the wave damping, which characterises muddy coasts, revealed good performance of the method based on recurring SPM values. The migration rates of the mud banks in French Guiana were calculated according to the delimitation of their subtidal parts, and showed slightly higher values (2.31 km/year) than suggested by earlier studies. In comparison with other methods, the migration rate estimated using the method proposed within the framework of this study takes into account the variability of the shape of the subtidal part for the first time. It was also shown that the mud banks existing on the coastal area of French Guiana present two different shapes. Our results clearly demonstrate the advantage of ocean colour data to describe mud banks according to their subtidal part, delimited using the assessment of SPM temporal variability.

25

RUDIN, RONALD. "Banking on Quebec: The French Banks and the Mobilization of French Funds, 1835-1925". Journal of Canadian Studies 20, n. 3 (agosto 1985): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.20.3.47.

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Eyles, Joan M. "William Smith, Sir Joseph Banks and the French geologists". Archives of Natural History 1985, n. 1 (luglio 1985): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1985.005.

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Vincent (Bull), Catherine, Bruno Moreau (ASK), Gerry Hopkinson e David Pincott. "II. French banks acknowledge the power of the Internet". Card Technology Today 12, n. 1 (gennaio 2000): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-2590(00)01014-8.

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Yan, Yue, e WenHan Zhu. "A Study on the Correlation of Systematic Risk of China's Listed Banks". Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 4, n. 1 (5 marzo 2022): 547–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2022.4.1.33.

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In this paper, the DCC-GARCH model is used to study the dynamic correlation of systemic risk of 13 listed state-owned and joint-stock banks in China. The results show that: (1) there is a positive risk dynamic correlation among the four major state-owned banks in China, and the risk dynamic correlation between industrial and Commercial Bank of China and China Construction Bank is the closest during the sample period, and they are roughly the same with the other banks, so it is necessary to strengthen risk prevention for these banks; (2) there is a positive dynamic correlation between the systematic risk between state-owned banks and joint-stock banks in China, And the dynamic correlation coefficient is affected by the previous information.

29

Bianco, Lucien. "French Studies of Contemporary China". China Quarterly 142 (giugno 1995): 509–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000035037.

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After belated and uneasy beginnings, French studies of contemporary China have recently matured. Thirty years ago the field was almost non-existent in France. Most sinologists either carried on the once celebrated philological tradition or concentrated on philosophy, religion, classical literature and ancient history. Few were happy to see the sacred field encroached upon by modern historians, whose secular interests they deemed closer to those of reporters than of scholars. Furthermore the tiny bunch of “barbarians” comprised mostly historians, not political scientists, economists or sociologists, and so they were interested in the century that preceded the Communist takeover (1840 to 1949), not in contemporary China as such.

30

Ying, Lai. "Interest Rate Liberalization and Commercial Banks Profitability: Evidence from China". International Journal of Economics and Finance 12, n. 5 (20 aprile 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v12n5p90.

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Enhanced profitability is an important guarantee to improve the well-being of people and better exert the functions of commercial banks in promoting economic, social and production growth on the premise of the existence and development of commercial banks. Interest rate liberalization is one of the key factors which can affect the profitability of commercial banks. An empirical study is thus carried out on 16 Commercial banks (from 2007 to 2018) to analyze the impact of interest rate liberalization on the profitability of commercial banks. We draw main conclusions from this study: (1) the progress of interest rate liberalization has improved the profitability of banks. (2) This kind of impact is inverted U-shaped, that is, with the advancement of interest rate liberalization, the impact will be reversed in the future. (3) For banks of different sizes, the impact is different. Specifically, small and medium-sized banks are more sensitive to the liberalization of interest rates, while for larger banks, the impact is not strong.

31

Jin, Dawei, Jianghui Liu, Liuling Liu e Desheng Yin. "Competition and profit hiding: evidence from banks in China". Managerial Finance 40, n. 10 (7 ottobre 2014): 1040–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-11-2013-0315.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the quality of financial reporting by banks in China, and the profit hiding behavior of banks in particular. Design/methodology/approach – Reported profit is compared with actual profit using multiple regression analysis. The identification strategy allows the authors to quantify the degree of profit hiding in banking institutions. Findings – Profit hiding exists in the whole banking sector in China regardless of the ownership structure of individual banks, though joint-stock banks have higher degree of profit hiding. Banks that are more financially constrained hide more profit than those less constrained ones. The competition in the banking industry competition impacts the extent of profit hiding, with higher competition being associated with lower degree of profit hiding. Research limitations/implications – This paper documents the prevailing behavior of profit hiding in Chinese banks. It raises issues regarding the conventional methods of measuring bank efficiencies using accounting information reported by banking institutions. Originality/value – This paper empirically examines the profit hiding behavior of banks in a transitional country.

32

Yuan, Chunhui, e Pengfei Sun. "Economic Policy Uncertainty and Financial Innovation: Evidence from Commercial Bank in China". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 2, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2023): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2/2023018.

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The empirical results show that the rise of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) makes the level of financial innovation at banks significantly improve; that is, there is an incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation at banks. In addition, the degree of incentive-induced EPU for different types of banks is significantly different. Compared with listed banks, this incentive effect is more significant for non-listed banks; rural commercial banks are the most significant incentive, followed by urban commercial banks, and state-owned banks and joint-stock commercial banks are more robust. This shows that EPU has a selective effect on bank financial innovation. Moreover, the incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation activities is affected by the return on assets and the asset liquidity ratio of commercial banks, which further validates the selective effect of financial policy uncertainty on bank financial innovation.

33

Yuan, Chunhui, e Pengfei Sun. "Economic Policy Uncertainty and Financial Innovation: Evidence from Commercial Bank in China". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 2, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2023): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/aemps.2023018.

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The empirical results show that the rise of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) makes the level of financial innovation at banks significantly improve; that is, there is an incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation at banks. In addition, the degree of incentive-induced EPU for different types of banks is significantly different. Compared with listed banks, this incentive effect is more significant for non-listed banks; rural commercial banks are the most significant incentive, followed by urban commercial banks, and state-owned banks and joint-stock commercial banks are more robust. This shows that EPU has a selective effect on bank financial innovation. Moreover, the incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation activities is affected by the return on assets and the asset liquidity ratio of commercial banks, which further validates the selective effect of financial policy uncertainty on bank financial innovation.

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Shen, Bingbing, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Perfilev, Lidiya Pavlovna Bufetova e Xueyan Li. "Bank Profitability Analysis in China: Stochastic Frontier Approach". Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, n. 4 (16 aprile 2023): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16040243.

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China’s banking system has a relatively high level of state control, while an important task in regulating the banking system is to manage the profitability of banks. Using the stochastic frontier approach to assess the profitability of commercial banks not only allows for the bank’s ability to generate profits relative to the leading banks in the industry to be assessed but also takes into account the specifics of the management technologies used and the influence of the market environment. This article analyzes the profitability of the Chinese banking system for the period 2012–2020 using the stochastic frontier approach from the position of the central bank. The specifics of the analysis from the bank’s perspective imply a focus on the position of most banks regarding the level of best practices and trends in changing the overall level of profitability. Analysis may be of interest to banking regulators and researchers. In general, the Chinese banking system demonstrates a high level of profit efficiency and cost efficiency, although the dynamics of these indicators are negative. The reason for the negative dynamics is a decrease in the economic growth rate of the economy, the instability of the financial market and ongoing reforms. State-owned commercial banks are becoming highly profitable, while national joint-stock commercial banks are facing increasing competition and reducing efficiency of profitability. City and rural commercial banks maintain a high level of profitability due to state support.

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ANKER, ARTHUR. "Three new species of the shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from the Red Sea, with a new record of S. poupini Anker, 2010 (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae)". Zootaxa 5138, n. 3 (18 maggio 2022): 261–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5138.3.3.

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Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are described from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: S. farasan sp. nov. from the Farasan Islands; S. arabicus sp. nov. from Thuwal and Farasan Banks; and S. kausti sp. nov. from Thuwal. Salmoneus poupini Anker, 2011, previously known from French Polynesia and the Philippines, is reported for the first time from the Red Sea, based on material from Thuwal, Farasan Banks and Farasan Islands. In addition, the previously known distributional range of the closely related S. komaii Anker, 2011 is extended from the Mariana Islands to French Polynesia.

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Koroleva, Ekaterina, Shawuya Jigeer, Anqi Miao e Angi Skhvediani. "Determinants Affecting Profitability of State-Owned Commercial Banks: Case Study of China". Risks 9, n. 8 (20 agosto 2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9080150.

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The study examines the relationship between internal determinants, external determinants and the profitability of state-owned commercial banks. We use pooled regression, fixed effect, and random effect models on the case of the top five Chinese state-owned commercial banks from 2007 to 2019. The results show that internal factors, measured by size, credit quality, and liquidity, significantly positively influence banks’ profitability. State-owned banks that have larger sizes, higher credit quality, and higher liquidity have accordingly higher profitability than other banks. On the contrary, the external factor, measured by the natural logarithm of GDP, negatively influences banks’ profitability. The decrease in GDP leads to higher profitability of state-owned commercial banks in China. Our results provide insight into the profitability of state-owned commercial banks, considering the latest changes in the Chinese banking industry.

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Dziuba, Dariusz T. "French and Swiss banks as initiators of implementation and use of Crowdfunding Systems". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 10, n. 1 (25 gennaio 2022): 08–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2022.1012.

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Purpose of the Study: The subjects of the considerations are initiatives to implement or use the method of online crowdfunding by banks. The focus was on such implementations in France and Switzerland, i.e. countries with a relatively large number of such projects. The presented research identifies crowdfunding platforms and (depending on access to data) determines the size in terms of value of the analyzed market sub-segment and its specificity. This work is a continuation of a series of author`s publications aimed at examining the crowdfunding market sub-segment of banks in Europe. Methodology: Crowdfunding platforms in individual French and Swiss banks were identified. Data was obtained from internet resources, supported by, inter alia, available publications. The final data was obtained directly from the websites of the analyzed financial institutions (or platforms), or they were aggregated, or the data was estimated on the basis of partial information. The research was carried out in October and November 2021, with data verification as of November 30. Main Findings: The article explores a specific market segment in France and Switzerland - banks implementing or using crowdfunding platforms. The scope of implementation of such systems was determined by identifying the individual analyzed financial institutions. The value of accumulated financial resources (capital) and the scope of project implementation were measured, distinguishing the size of the market sub-segment under study. The examined systems collectively obtained a relatively large amount, over EUR 4326 million. Applications of the Study: The presented article concerns the applications of the crowdfunding method in financial institutions (French and Swiss banks). This implies considerations in several scientific fields, incl. economics (the possibility of measuring the market segment), business informatics (electronic platforms; human-computer interactions). Novelty / Originality of this Study: The scientific literature on the use of crowdfunding in banks, and especially the measurement of the size of this market segment, is almost non-existent, it is only fragmentary. The separation in this article of the size of the crowdfunding sub-segment in French and Swiss banks, although partial, seems prospective, as it allows for further research in this area.

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Vdovin, A. "Foreign Banks in China: Start of a New Stage". World Economy and International Relations 65, n. 6 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-6-71-78.

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Received 16.10.2020. The article examines the most recent developments in the evolution of the foreign banks in China. Author provides a brief description of the stages of development of foreign banks in the PRC since the start of the Den Xiaopin’s Reform and Development policy till the present time. The change in assets of foreign banks for the last 15 years is analyzed in details. A comparison of assets of foreign banks with the assets of the China banking system is provided in a form of analytical graph. The author’s assessments of the foreign banking sector over the past ten years give grounds to conclude that there was a stagnation in the development of the foreign banks sector during this period. The recent steps of the Chinese authorities to liberalize the foreign banking sector are analyzed in detail. The author examines the Chinese leader’s systematic approach to the banking reforms and comes to the idea that it consists of three components: the change in the political vision and attitudes, the institution reform of the banking regulators and the reform of banking legislation. An assessment of the impact of liberalization on the development prospects of foreign capital banks is also given. Based on an analysis of the overall scale and impact of recent reforms in the foreign banking sector, the author concludes that a new stage in the development of foreign capital banks in China is likely to begin. The main problems and challenges that foreign banks in China will have to face at a new stage of development are also identified and described.

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Nguyen, Thanh Pham Thien, e Son Hong Nghiem. "Market concentration, diversification and bank performance in China and India". Managerial Finance 42, n. 10 (10 ottobre 2016): 980–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-12-2015-0327.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the operational efficiency and effects of market concentration and diversification on the efficiency of Chinese and Indian banks in the 1997-2011 period. Design/methodology/approach This study employs the two-stage bootstrap procedure of Simar and Wilson (2007) to obtain valid inferences on the efficiency scores and the efficiency determinants. Findings Using data set for each country separately, the authors found that the bias-corrected cost efficiency displays an upward trend in Chinese and Indian banks. This trend is consistent with profit efficiency among Chinese banks, but the trend is unclear in Indian banks. Market concentration is negatively related to cost and profit efficiencies of Chinese banks. However, market concentration is positively associated with cost efficiency, but unrelated to profit efficiency of Indian banks. In Chinese banks, diversification of revenue, earning assets and non-lending earning assets are associated with increasing profit efficiency, but their effects to cost efficiency are not clear. In Indian banks, diversification of earning assets increases profit efficiency while there are cost efficiency losses from diversification of revenue and earning assets. Practical implications Bank regulators and supervisors in China should consider establishing policies to reduce market concentration and encourage diversification of revenue, earning assets and non-lending earning assets, while increasing concentration and diversification of earning assets should be encouraged in Indian banks. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study employing the double bootstrap procedure proposed by Simar and Wilson (2007) which can address the problem of the two-stage data envelopment analysis or SFA estimator in the efficiency literature on Chinese and Indian banks that efficiency scores obtained in the first stage are inter-dependent, and hence violating the basic assumption in regression analysis in the second stage.

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Liu, Yipeng. "Analysis of the Development of China Investment Banks". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 35, n. 1 (10 novembre 2023): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/35/20231745.

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The investment banking industry is an important component of the financial industry, and investment banks are extensively involved in various aspects of social and economic development. Therefore, researches focusing on in-vestment banks are necessary and important. This study will conduct an in-depth exploration of the history of China's investment banking industry, in-cluding each development phase, changes in market size, major reasons for development, and predictions and analysis of future development. It will al-so compare the development of investment banks in Western developed countries to provide experience for the future development of China's in-vestment banks. In addition, the article will predict and look forward to the future development of China's investment banking industry at the end. It is believed that through the analysis of the past and the absorption of advanced foreign experience, one can better understand the driving force of China's investment banking industry and the challenges and opportunities it may face in the future. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of in-vesting banks.

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C. Brau, James, Drew Dahl, Hongjing Zhang e Mingming Zhou. "Regulatory reforms and convergence of the banking sector: evidence from China". Managerial Finance 40, n. 10 (7 ottobre 2014): 956–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-07-2013-0178.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of regulatory reform on the asset allocation and capitalization of Chinese banks from 2002 to 2007, a period following China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO). Design/methodology/approach – The evidence rejects a hypothesis that the four categories of banks operating in China – the Big Four, Majority State, Majority Private, and Majority Foreign banks have converged toward common targets. Supplemental analysis indicates that domestic banks, but not foreign banks, adjust equally to their targets. Findings – The paper concludes that, although Chinese banking remained segmented during this unique transitional period, a more uniform pattern has emerged for those Chinese banks that are domestically owned. Originality/value – The authors employ a methodology that is explicitly designed to determine if banks have converged toward common approaches to asset allocation and capitalization, which has not been studies previously.

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Crompton, Rosmary, e Nicky Le Feuvre. "Gender, family and employment in comparative perspective: the realities and representations of equal opportunities in Britain and France". Journal of European Social Policy 10, n. 4 (1 novembre 2000): 334–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a014365.

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In this paper, we will explore how contrasting national discourses relating to women, and gender equality have been incorporated into and reflected in national policies. In the first section, we will outline the recent history of EU equal opportunities policy, in which positive action has been replaced by a policy of 'mainstreaming'. Second, we will describe the evolution of policies towards women and equal opportunities in Britain and France. It will be argued that whereas some degree of positive action for women has been accepted in Britain, this policy is somewhat alien to French thinking about equality - although pro-natalist French policies have resulted in favourable conditions for employed mothers in France. In the third section, we will present some attitudinal evidence, drawn from national surveys, which would appear to reflect the national policy differences we have identified in respect of the 'equality agenda'. In the fourth section, we will draw upon biographical interviews carried out with men and women in British and French banks in order to illustrate the impact of these cross-national differences within organizations and on individual lives. We demonstrate that positive action gender equality policies have made an important impact in British banks, while overt gender exclusionary practices still persist in the French banks studied. In the conclusion, we reflect on the European policy implications of our findings.

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Nguyen, Thanh Pham Thien. "Comparison of efficiency and technology across the banking systems of Vietnam, China and India". Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, n. 9 (29 novembre 2018): 3809–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-04-2017-0078.

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Purpose Given some similarities in the banking industry and economic condition across Vietnam, China and India, the purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare the cost and revenue efficiency of banks across these three countries over the period 1995–2011. Design/methodology/approach This study employs the meta-frontier of Battese et al. (2004) and O’Donnell et al. (2008) which envelops the three country-frontiers to measure the cost and revenue efficiency of banks in these three countries. Findings This study finds that Chinese banks adopt the most advanced cost-reducing and revenue-increasing technology when providing banking products to their customers, followed by Indian banks. Indian banks are as cost-efficient as Chinese banks, but more cost-efficient than Vietnamese banks. Indian banks are as revenue-efficient as Vietnamese banks, but less revenue-efficient than Chinese banks. Over the analysis period, banks in the three countries have employed the more advanced technology in reducing costs, and they have become more cost-efficient. Nonetheless, for revenue side, the improvement in revenue efficiency and adopted technology are observed only in Chinese banks. The main source of meta-cost and meta-revenue inefficiency of these banking systems stems from undertaking inferior technology rather than managerial ability. Results from comparison across bank types show that state-owned banks (SOBs) are more cost and revenue-efficient than privately owned banks, with Indian and Chinese SOBs being the most cost- and revenue-efficient, respectively. Practical implications To improve meta-cost efficiency, Chinese and Indian banks would constitute a relevant benchmark for Vietnamese banks, while to improve meta-revenue efficiency, Chinese banks would be considered as a relevant benchmark for Vietnamese and Indian banks. Originality/value This is the first study which utilizes meta-frontier to compare cost and revenue efficiency and technology across banks in Vietnam, China and India.

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Wang, Weiqing. "Comparison of Investment Banking Models in the US and China". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 12, n. 1 (13 settembre 2023): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/12/20230604.

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Investment banks in the United States first emerged in the early 19th century, with a focus on securities underwriting. Compared with other countries, the United States investment banks were established earlier, and after the subprime crisis, the United States investment banks, through their own exposure to business problems, improved so that they have a more perfect regulatory system and a more advanced business model. As a result, in the process of developing its own business, China's investment banks should take the essence and discard the dross in order to find a suitable development direction for themselves, gaining recognition in the capital market construction and promoting the further improvement of China's international status. This paper uses literature analysis and comparative analysis to explore the differences between the operating models of investment banks in China and the US, and to provide insights and suggestions for the development of Chinese investment banks. The study finds that investment banks in China should expand the attribution model, thereby increasing the concentration of capital. At the same time, the proportion of securities brokerage business should be adjusted and the leverage ratio in the industry should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive internal consumption.

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Yeung, Godfrey. "How Banks in China make Lending Decisions". Journal of Contemporary China 18, n. 59 (marzo 2009): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10670560802576034.

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Fung, Hung-Gay, e Chung-hua Shen. "Corporate financing and banks in Greater China". International Review of Economics & Finance 36 (marzo 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2014.11.002.

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Laurenceson, James, e J. C. H. Chai. "State banks and economic development in China". Journal of International Development 13, n. 2 (2001): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.727.

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Meng, Wang Jin, e Gracia S. Ugut. "Analysis of the Commercial Bank Performance in Indonesia and China". KINERJA 26, n. 1 (12 marzo 2022): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/kinerja.v26i1.4983.

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The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of capital structure on commercial banks' performance in Indonesia and China. The study chose 13 commercial banks from Indonesia and 12 banks from China for the period of 5 years, from 2015 to 2019. The study deployed a data panel regression analysis to analyze the secondary data that was obtained from the financial statements of these commercial banks. In this study, ROA and ROE are the measures used for Bank Performance. Four dependent variables: loan to deposit ratio, debt to asset ratio, capital adequacy and asset size are the independent variables. The results showed that LTD, AS and DTA have positive significant influences on ROA, while DTA and CAR have positive significant relationship on ROE in the study of Indonesian banks. Only AS have negative significant impact on both ROA and ROE, DTA and CAR have positive significant impact on ROA, while LTD has significant relationship on ROE in the study of commercial banks in China.

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Butzbach, Olivier. "From thrifts to universal banks: the sources of organisational change in French savings banks, 1945–2000". Business History 57, n. 8 (6 maggio 2015): 1155–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2015.1021690.

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Rebai, Sonia, Mohamed Naceur Azaiez e Dhafer Saidane. "Sustainable Performance Evaluation of Banks using a Multi-attribute Utility Model: An Application to French Banks". Procedia Economics and Finance 2 (2012): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(12)00098-6.

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