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Tesi sul tema "Form perception"
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1
Wade, Kenneth John. "Dimensional interaction in the perception of rectangles". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1985. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28675.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of the research in this thesis was to confirm the existence, and to examine the form and extent, of the interaction of perceived irrelevant attributes (irrelevant dimensions) of a rectangle with the perceived relevant attribute (relevant dimension) 1n particular Judgmental tasks requiring selective attention. The approach adopted was that of multidimensional psychophysics. Pertinent to this thesis were the findings of studies and associated theories in three fields of psychology, namely, perception1 cognitive processes and multidimensional scaling. In Experiment 1, the effect of irrelevant area (at each of four values) on the setting of a single rectangle to each of four shapes (the ratio of
the width to the height) was examined using the method of adjustment. For all values of area, when a square was the specified shape ("l"), the set shape was found to exceed 1. This finding also occurred with the most elongated shape value (11811). For specified shapes "2" and 11411, set shape exceeded the specified shape only for the smaller areas. For each of the specified shapes, set shape and relative error in shape setting decreased at least monotonically with increasing area of the rectangles, supporting the general form of a model proposed by Schonemann (1977) but
suggesting a constant in the model should be negative rather than positive. As well, the claim that the psychophysical function on area may be logarithmic was supported. Given the occurrence of a significant presentation main effect in
Experiment 11 Experiment 2 used the "staircase" or "up-and-down" method to determine the value of rectangle shape judged equal to a specified value. Rectangles at each of three areas were judged in relation to each of three specified shape values. In general, the findings of Experiment 1 were replicated.
Experiment 3 again used the "staircase" or "up-and-down" method but to determine the length of a comparison line Judged to be equal to the width of a rectangle or the length of a standard line. The major purpose of the experiment was to evaluate six models, each predicting a particular form of interaction of the irrelevant height dimension with the relevant width dimension. To examine among the six models, two sets of stimuli, each consisting of 13 rectangles and 5 lines (equal in length to the 5 widths used in the rectangles), and two orientations of standard figure and comparison line in the presentation were used. The findings were: (a) rectangle width Judgment error typically exceeded the error in Judging the line of equivalent length; (b) at fixed height values, width judgment error was at least monotonically increasing with increasing width; (c) at fixed width values, width Judgment error was constant with increasing height; (d) at the smallest area value, width Judgment error was at least monotonic increasing with increasing shape, but at the larger values of area was constant; and (e) at the smallest shape value (least elongated), width Judgment error was at least monotonic increasing with increasing area, but at the larger values of shape (more elongated) was constant. These findings indicated all six models were wrong. A new model for rectangle attribute judgement, involving the augmentation of the relevant dimension by an interaction of perceived area and shape values, consistent with these findings was proposed. Some implications of these results for current theories and future research in the associated fields of psychology were discussed.
2
Treichel, Gillian. "Creating form : the presentation and perception of three-dimensional form". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/858.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This Creative Arts Project is an investigation of form within the ceramic tradition -how three-dimensional forms are created, presented and perceived. It addresses this topic by focusing on how form can be implied without actually creating the form itself. The project consists of an exhibition of selected art-work produced during the investigative process and is supported by this exegesis which documents the investigation. It also explains the theoretical basis for the body of work and the conceptual development of it. Major landmarks in the creative process and the significance of these for teaching and learning in visual arts education are highlighted. The submission includes further documentation in the forms of visual diaries. notebooks, photographs_ and other material produced in the process of exploration. The significant questions that have been explored in the Creative Arts Project are related to the perception of form in three-dimensional art-works. “How are three dimensional forms represented by the artist and perceived by an audience and what are the Implications for art education?” Embedded in a ceramic tradition, the bottle is both the subject of investigation and the vehicle for exploring the influence of different contexts on the perception of form. Gestalt Theory, and in particular the work of Rudolph Amheim, provide the theoretical basis for this study. The making of art-works, the responses to the work and the provision for aesthetic experience enhances knowledge and understanding of the teaching and learning process. A described in the Curriculum Framework: "Artistic works can inform, teach, persuade and provoke thought. They can reproduce and reinforce existing ideas and values, challenge them, or offer new ways of thinking and feeling (1998, p.51). In particular, the teaching of ceramics to undergraduate student teachers and the way in which this may develop visual understandings is examined.
3
Yavas, Nermin. "Gender Differences In Product Form Perception". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607233/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Product form is the principal factor that affects the consumer response. It influences the consumer preferences in many ways and affects the success of the product in the market. The response is moderated by several influences including individual tastes and preferences, personal characteristics, cultural and social context and other situational factors. The purpose of this study is to find whether gender as a personal
characteristics, has an influential effect on the perception of the product form. A survey was conducted with a sample set of mobile phones. To quantify the participants’
perceptions, semantic differential method was used in which participants were asked to rate characteristics over a set of opposite adjective pairs. It is found out that, with respect to particular adjectives, responses to product form might be significantly different for males and females.
4
Li, Wang-on. "Global motion distorts perceived shape an investigation of the relationship between motion and form /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38609484.
Testo completo
5
Li, Wang-on, e 李允安. "Global motion distorts perceived shape: an investigation of the relationship between motion and form". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38609484.
Testo completo
6
Or, Chun-fai Charles. "The interaction of motion and form in the perception of global structure a glass-pattern study /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36225009.
Testo completo
7
Or, Chun-fai Charles, e 柯駿輝. "The interaction of motion and form in the perception of global structure: a glass-pattern study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36225009.
Testo completo
8
Kolinsky, Régine. "La séparabilité des propriétés dans la perception des formes". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213299.
Testo completo
9
Qi, Zhen. "Pose estimation using points to regions correspondence". Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1663060061&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completo
10
ALMEIDA, ALEXANDRA DE. "CONCERNING THE POSSIBILITY OF ANOTHER FORM OF PERCEPTION". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4192@1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOREste trabalho tem por objetivo pensar uma possibilidade: a da existência de um olhar cujos fundamentos não estejam localizados no campo social e no campo da cultura. Motiva- se pela idéia de que o olhar manifesto por um sujeito não nasce pronto - ou seja, não é um traço ou uma qualidade acabada que o sujeito traz consigo ao nascer -, contudo, também não seria o estrito produto do meio no qual ele se insere, mas algo que vai se formando e se transformando aos poucos (e sempre), em função de um cruzamento entre essência e cultura. O exercício do olhar situar-se-ia, então, no espaço de interseção entre algo que vem de nós e algo que nos vem de fora, entre algo intrínseco à cada indivíduo e algo referente ao mundo exterior; entre uma essência e a ação promovida pela cultura, pela sociedade e pela experiência vivida no cotidiano. A exploração do tema transcorre por vias diversas: como o pensamento filosófico, as ciências biológicas, a crença religiosa e o senso comum, pelas quais busca-se apresentar e discutir possibilidades que permitam pensar a validade de um olhar não cultural. Como estudo de caso, é proposto uma sistematização do pensamento de Wassily Kandinsky. Considerando que olhar e representar sejam formas de construção da realidade, o objetivo é buscar compreender como Kandinsky olhava e como representava o mundo e, em que medida, pode-se encontrar uma correspondência entre o seu modelo teórico e a sua forma de representar.
This dissertation aims at examining the possibility of conceiving a form of perception that would not be based on cultural and social structures and influences. It is motivated by the idea that perception, as experienced by an individual, is not born with him - it is not a skill that man brings with him when he is born -, however, it is also not a strict product of the environment where he lives, but something that keeps growing and constantly taking form, due to the crossing between essence and culture. The exercise of perception is located in the intersection of something that comes from our inner essence and something that comes from outside, something that belongs to each individual and something that refers to the external world, between an essence and the action promoted by culture, society and the experiences of daily life. The development of this theme is pursued along different paths and references: philosophical thought, biological sciences, faith and common sense, thus making it possible to examine and to discuss the validity of a non- cultural form of perception. A systematization of Wassily Kandinskys ideas is proposed as a case study. Considering that perception and representation are forms of construction of reality, the aim is to try to understand how Kandinsky looked at, and how he represented the world, and if there was a relation between his theoretical model and his form of representation.
11
Benson, Philip J. "Perception and recognition of computer-enhanced facial attributes and abstracted prototypes". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14590.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The influence of the human facial image was surveyed and the nature of its many interpretations were examined. The role of distinctiveness was considered particularly relevant as it accounted for many of the impressions of character and identity ascribed to individuals. The notion of structural differences with respect to some selective essence of normality is especially important as it allows a wide range of complex facial types to be considered and understood in an objective manner. A software tool was developed which permitted the manipulation of facial images. Quantitative distortions of digital images were examined using perceptual and recognition memory paradigms. Seven experiments investigated the role of distinctiveness in memory for faces using synthesised caricatures. The results showed that caricatures, both photographic and line-drawing, improved recognition speed and accuracy, indicating that both veridical and distinctiveness information are coded for familiar faces in long-term memory. The impact of feature metrics on perceptual estimates of facial age was examined using 'age-caricatured' images and were found to be in relative accordance with the 'intended' computed age. Further modifying the semantics permitted the differences between individual faces to be visualised in terms of facial structure and skin texture patterns. Transformations of identity between two, or more, faces established the necessary matrices which can offer an understanding of facial expression in a categorical manner and the inherent interactions. A procedural extension allowed generation of composite images in which all features are perfectly aligned. Prototypical facial types specified in this manner enabled high-level manipulations to be made of gender and attractiveness; two experiments corroborated previously speculative material and thus gave credence to the prototype model. In summary, psychological assessment of computer-manipulated facial images demonstrated the validity of the objective techniques and highlighted particular parameters which contribute to our perception and recognition of the individual and of underlying facial types.
12
Ark, Wendy S. "Comparing mental rotation and feature matching strategies in adults and children with behavioral and neuroimaging techniques". Diss., Connected to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3190005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 7, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-142).
13
Bell, Jason. "An analysis of global shape processing using radial frequency contours". University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Encoding the shape of objects within the visual environment is one of the important roles of the visual system. This thesis investigates the proposition that human sensitivity to a broad range of closed-contour shapes is underpinned by multiple shape channels (Loffler, Wilson, & Wilkinson, 2003). Radial frequency (RF) contours are a novel type of stimulus that can be used to represent simple and complex shapes; they are created by sinusoidally modulating the radius of a circle, where the number of cycles of modulation defines the RF number (Wilkinson, Wilson, & Habak, 1998). This thesis uses RF contours to enhance our understanding of the visual processes which support shape perception. The first part of the thesis combines low and high RF components, which Loffler et al. have suggested are detected by separate global and local processes respectively, onto a single contour and shows that, even when combined, the components are detected independently at threshold. The second part of the thesis combines low RF components from across the range where global processing has been demonstrated (up to approximately RF10) onto a single contour in order to test for interactions between them. The resulting data reveal that multiple narrow-band contour shape channels are required to account for performance, and also indicate that these shape channels have inhibitory connections between them. The third part of the thesis examines the local characteristics which are used to represent shape information within these channels. The results show that both the breadth (polar angle subtended) of individual curvature features, and their relative angular positions (in relation to object centre) are important for representing RF shapes; however, processing is IV not tuned for object size, or for modulation amplitude. In addition, we show that luminance and contrast cues are effectively combined at the level where these patterns are detected, indicating a single later processing stage is adequate to explain performance for these pattern characteristics. Overall the findings show that narrow-band shape channels are a useful way to explain sensitivity to a broad range of closed-contour shapes. Modifications to the current RF detection model (Poirier & Wilson, 2006) are required to incorporate inhibitory connections between shape channels and also, to accommodate the effective integration of luminance and contrast cues.
14
Paranhos, Luiz Renato. "Associação entre o padrão esqueletico facial, a morfologia da coroa do incisivo central superior e a forma do arco dental mandibular". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290763.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientadores: Eduardo Daruge Junior, Fausto BerzinTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T06:21:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paranhos_LuizRenato_D.pdf: 2376791 bytes, checksum: 4c3d510528c5516e2786f5586893bea9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Objetivo: verificar a prevalência da morfologia do arco dental mandibular, da coroa do incisivo central superior e do padrão esquelético da face em brasileiros com oclusão normal natural, e determinar se existe associação entre estas variáveis. Material e Métodos: a amostra foi composta de 51 indivíduos leucodermas com oclusão normal natural, sem história de tratamento ortodôntico prévio, que apresentavam no mínimo quatro das seis chaves de oclusão de Andrews. O padrão esquelético da face foi definido por duas grandezas cefalométricas (SN.Gn e SN.GoGn). As imagens dos arcos dentais mandibulares e dos incisivos superiores geradas pela digitalização dos modelos foram avaliadas por 12 ortodontistas. Para verificar a concordância entre examinadores, quanto à classificação da morfologia do arco dental e do incisivo central, foi utilizado o teste Kappa. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis foi utilizado o teste do quiquadrado. Resultado: a prevalência de arco dental com formato ovalar foi de 41,17%, quadrangular de 39,22%, e triangular de 19,61%. Os dentes apresentaram a seguinte prevalência: ovalar (47,06%), seguido de quadrangular (31,37%) e triangular (21,57%). Quanto ao padrão esquelético da face foi encontrado 47% de indivíduos braquifaciais, seguido de 27% de indivíduos mesofaciais e 26% de dolicofaciais. O teste do qui-quadrado não mostrou haver associação estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis estudadas. Conclusão: a referência do padrão esquelético da face na determinação da morfologia do arco dental e/ou da coroa dental não é apropriada.
Abstract: Aim: to verify the prevalence of lower arch morphology, upper central incisor shape and craniofacial pattern among young Brazilians with natural normal occlusion. The study also evaluated any association among these variables. Material and Methods: the sample consisted of 51 caucasian individuals featuring normal occlusion, with no history of previous orthodontic treatment, and matching at least four of six keys to optimal occlusion as described by Andrews. The craniofacial pattern was defined by two cephalometric measurements (SN.Gn and SN.GoGn). Lower arch and central upper incisor images were digitalized from plaster models. Twelve orthodontists evaluated every image. Agreement tests both for dental arch and upper incisor shape were performed using the Kappa method. Associations among variables were tested through the chi-square test. Results: oval dental arch form was found in 41.17% of the sample, square form in 39.22%, and triangular shape in 19.61%. Dental shape was prevalent as follows: oval (47.06%), square (31.37%) and triangular shape (21.57%). Forty-seven percent of the sample presented a brachycephalic pattern, 27% of subjects were mesocephalic, and 26% were dolicocephalic pattern. The chi-square test did not show statistically significant association among studied variables (craniofacial pattern, dental arch form and upper central incisor shape). Conclusion: the craniofacial pattern did not serve as a reference to estimate dental arch form or dental crown shape.
Doutorado
Anatomia
Doutor em Biologia Buco-Dental
15
Akbarinia, SeyedArash. "Computational model of visual perception: from colour to form". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457882.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La idea original de este proyecto fue estudiar la importancia del color en el reconocimiento de objetos. Comenzamos extendiendo la investigación previa sobre nombrar colores y demostrando la viabilidad de capturar términos de color a través de elipsoides. Aunque nuestros resultados superaron el estado-del-arte en dos bases de datos, vimos que los fenómenos de luces metaméricas y constancia de color debían ser tratados antes de cualquier procesamiento de color. Nuestra investigación de pares metaméricas mostró que son infrecuentes en el mundo real. Contrariamente a eso, la iluminación de una escena a menudo cambia drásticamente. Abordamos este problema proponiendo un modelo de constancia de color inspirado en la adaptación dinámica del centro-envolvente de las neuronas en la corteza visual. Esto se implementa a través de dos gaussianos asimétricos superpuestos, cuyas varianzas y alturas se ajustan al contraste local. Complementamos este modelo con un mecanismo genérico de agrupación variante por contraste que inversamente conecta el porcentaje de señal agrupada al contraste de una región. Los resultados sobre cuatro bases de datos fueron prometedores: nuestro modelo superó incluso los enfoques basados en el aprendizaje en muchos casos. Alentados por el éxito obtenido, ampliamos este enfoque para detectar los bordes de los objetos. Proponemos un modelo de detección de bordes basado en la primera derivada del kernel gaussiano. Incorporamos cuatro tipos de envolvente: completa, distante, orientación isogonal y ortogonal. Además, contamos con el mecanismo de agrupación en las áreas corticales superiores y la retroalimentación de la forma enviada a las zonas más bajas. Nuestros resultados en tres bases de datos mejoraron el estado-del-arte en los algoritmos sin aprendizaje.
En resumen, hemos demostrado que los modelos inspirados biológicamente ofrecen soluciones para visión por computador, como nombrar colores, constancia de color y detección de bordes. Creemos que la mayor contribución de esta tesis doctoral es el modelado del concepto de modulación envolvente dinámica que muestra la importancia de la integración de envolvente variante por contraste. Los modelos propuestos se basan en sólo una parte de lo que sabemos sobre la visión humana. Por lo tanto, es natural complementarlos en trabajos futuros.La idea original d'aquest projecte va ser estudiar la importància del color al reconeixement d'objectes. Comencem estenent la investigació prèvia sobre l’anomenament de colors i demostrant la viabilitat de capturar termes de color a través d’el·lipsoides. Tot i que els nostres resultats van superar l'estat de l’art utilitzant dues bases de dades, vam veure que els fenòmens de llums metamèriques i constància de color havien de ser tractats abans de qualsevol processament de color. Sobre la nostra investigació de parells metamèriques concloem que són infreqüents en el món real. Contràriament a això, la il·luminació d'una escena sovint canvia dràsticament. Abordem aquest problema proposant un model de constància de color inspirat en l'adaptació dinàmica del centre-envoltant de les neurones al còrtex visual. Això s'implementa a través de dues gaussianes asimètriques superposades, les variàncies i les alçades de les quals s'ajusten amb el contrast local dels píxels. Complementem aquest model amb un mecanisme genèric d'agrupació variant per contrast que connecta inversament el percentatge de senyal agrupada amb el contrast d'una regió. Els resultats sobre quatre bases de dades van ser prometedors: el model proposat superava, en molts casos, els models basats en aprenentatge. Encoratjats per l'èxit obtingut, ampliem aquesta proposta per detectar les vores dels objectes. Proposem un model de detecció de vores basat en la primera derivada del nucli gaussià. Incorporem quatre tipus de voltants: completa, distant, orientació isogonal i ortogonal. A més, comptem amb el mecanisme d'agrupació en les àrees corticals superiors i la retroalimentació de la forma, que és enviada a les zones més baixes. Els nostres resultats en tres bases de dades van millorar l'estat de l’art en els algoritmes sense aprenentatge. En resum, hem demostrat que els models biològicament inspirats ofereixen solucions per a visió per computador, com anomenament de colors, constància de color i detecció de vores. Creiem que la major contribució d'aquesta tesi doctoral és el modelatge del concepte de modulació envoltant dinàmica que mostra la importància de la integració de l’entorn que varia segons el contrast. Els models proposats es basen en una part del que sabem sobre la visió humana. Per tant, és natural complementar-los en treballs futurs.
16
Hilger, James Daniel. "Contour integration and interpolation geometry, phenomenology, and multiple inputs /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1973074431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completo
17
Zackula-David, Rosalee E. "Assessing schizophrenia with shape analysis /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418079.
Testo completo
18
Rai, Kimberley. "Don't hide the madness perception, bipolar and the film form". Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30968.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Human perception is a process that begins with sensory input that is organized and then interpreted. During this process there is a movement of information about an event in the real world, into information that represents that event in the mind. This movement of information in the form of perception is similar to the filming process; where the event, sensory input, organisation and interpretation is like the pro-filmic event (that which exists in the world before or regardless of whether it is filmed), the light entering the camera lens, and, the editing process and audience experience, respectively. When these systems are influenced at any stage of the process, there is an alteration in the resulting representation. The pro-filmic event can be influenced through the filmmaking techniques used to record it that may influence beliefs that concern the event. For example, the recording of films that concern mental illness need to be approached with caution because treatment of the pro-filmic event can either reinforce or challenge stereotypes about the mentally ill. Bipolar is a mental disorder of mood that is often represented with wild inaccuracy in films. The biographical drama, Shine (1996), for example, attempts to represent the life of David Helfgott, a musician who suffered a mental breakdown and spent subsequent years in mental asylums. He is portrayed as an imbecile, always mumbling indistinctly. In the film, the connection between psychopathology and creativity is supported, heavy- handedly. This demonstrates how the intervention (by the filmmaker and his filmmaking techniques) can transform meaning and influence viewer perception through the film medium. For the case-study documentary film, Don’t Hide the Madness (2017), I use recording and editing techniques to portray a personal account of bipolar in a way that challenges mainstream beliefs about the disorder. I argue that this application of the film medium has the capacity to confront stigma and change perceptions about mental illness.
19
Smith, Evann. "Mass Mobilization in the Middle East: Form, Perception, and Language". Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493280.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation consists of three separate but related papers on mass mobilization in the Middle East. The first paper investigates the landscape of collective resistance and empowerment struggles in the Middle East. It exploits new data that catalogues mass political movements in the 19 countries of the Middle East and North Africa from 1900 to 2012 to offer a framework for understanding two basic aspects of mass political movements in the region: the forms such movements take, and the forms that are more likely to emerge and endure. Using Latent Class Analysis, it develops a complete typology of mass political movements in the Middle East based on three central aspects of mass mobilization--organization, collective identity, and action--and finds evidence that these three aspects not only constitute three dimensions of difference in mass movements that are orthogonal, but that each ranges from "fluid" to "stable" extremes, which jointly determine the likelihood of movements forming and deforming.
The second paper explores how the occurrence of mass movements in the Middle East affects individual citizens' perceived economic grievances. By pairing public opinion data with the new data on mass movements in the Middle East, it finds a strong and consistent negative relationship between the occurrence of mass mobilization and individual perceptions of well-being. Using causal mediation analysis, however, it finds no evidence that this relationship is the product of real economic or institutional declines. Instead, it finds consistent evidence that mass movements directly and negatively impact individuals' perceptions and that this is plausibly the product of three psychological processes, which suggest an alternative micro-level explanation for "cycles of contention."
The third paper develops a computer-assisted keyword-based approach to the retrieval and identification of Arabic dialects--which pose a distinct challenge to the machine processing of languages--that systematically incorporates machine learning and human expertise in a manner that is fast, efficient, transparent, and effective. Using a dataset of over 11 million tweets, it then applies this approach to an analysis of the linguistic character of Arabic Twitter during the 2013 Egyptian protests, which led to the military coup of Egypt's first democratically elected president. Analysis of the linguistic trends indicates that spikes of dialectical Arabic mark two notable types of discourse: 1) reporting and reacting in real-time to unexpected events, and 2) capturing major emotional responses to landmark events, which "take the temperature" of the country's politically engaged population.Government
20
Mandolesi, Luca <1987>. "Developmental Trajectories and Normative Profiles of Motion and Form Perception". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7799/1/Tesi%20Dottorato%20Luca%20Mandolesi.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The research focuses on the study of the methods useful to evaluate the developmental trajectories for global motion perception and global form perception. The studies aim to present two different instruments created in order to evaluate the dorsal and ventral streams functionalities and to analyze their psychometric characteristics.
The first study presents the Motion and Form perception tests as new tools to investigate motion and form perception accuracy. The use of these tests allows to cope with some of the criticism reported in other studies presented in literature. The tests have been evaluated in a large sample of children of different ages.
The second study evaluates the applicability of a specific psychophysical function which allows to analyze the accuracy profiles obtained by Motion and Form coherence test. The response profile of the two tasks are fitted with a half-normal distribution function, that estimates the discrimination performance (i.e. the number of correct responses) on the basis of the coherence level of a stimulus. Moreover, the use of the function allows to statistically define the perceptive thresholds of the two test and to compare them.
The third study presented analyzes the developmental trajectories of motion detection and form discrimination abilities in a sample of typically developing children (4 to 13 years) and adults. Moreover, this study allows to define the normative scores for motion coherence and form coherence tests calculated with different normative indexes in the different age groups.
The fourth study investigates if motion and form tests can recognize specific deficits in clinical populations. The differences between motion and form perception accuracy are evaluated in children with different genetic syndromes (Noonan syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome) and in controls. The different populations show specific results in motion and form perception abilities
21
O'Shea, Jacinta. "Human frontal eye fields and visual search". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:42ba15a7-ef0d-4787-a313-bc54462bb831.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis tested whether the human frontal eye fields (FEFs) have visuospatial functions that are dissociable from FEF oculomotor functions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to localize the FEFs, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied in a series of experiments to transiently disrupt information processing in the FEFs. It was shown that TMS applied over the right FEFs degrades subjects' performance on a visual conjunction search task in which eye movements were not required and were not made. A TMS timing protocol subsequently showed that computations in the FEFs that occur between 40 and 80ms after the onset of a visual search array are critical for accurate performance. This suggests that, as in the monkey, the human FEFs may accumulate and use visual evidence from extrastriate cortex, which forms the basis for accurate visuospatial discrimination. A training protocol showed that the right FEFs are no longer critical for accurate visuospatial discrimination performance once a search task has been extensively practised. This study further suggested that the FEFs may have a previously unknown role in the perception of left-right rotated shapes. A study on feature and spatial priming indicated that these two phenomena have distinct causal mechanisms. The left FEFs appear to access a spatial memory signal during the process of saccade programming. When TMS is applied during this period, the spatial priming benefit is abolished. Altogether, this thesis presents evidence that visuospatial and oculomotor functions can be dissociated in the human FEFs. The data on timing and the effects of learning correspond well with results reported in monkeys. The priming experiment offers the first evidence that the left FEFs are crucial for spatial priming, while the learning study suggests the novel hypothesis that the FEFs are crucial for left-right rotated shape perception.
22
Reid, Alan Forbes, e mikewood@deakin edu au. "A process analysis of the solution strategies used for problems contained in the Minnesota paper form board test". Deakin University. School of Education, 1986. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051125.091742.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis reviews progress toward an understanding of the processes involved in the solution of spatial problems. Previous work employing factor analysis and information processing analysis is reviewed and the emphasis on variations in speed and accuracy as the major contributers to individual differences is noted. It is argued that the strategy used by individuals is a preferable explanatory concept for identifying the cognitive substratum necessary for problem solving.
Using the protocols obtained from subjects solving The Minnesota Paper Form Board (Revised), a test commonly regarded as measuring skill in spatial visualization, a number of different strategies are isolated. Assumptions as to the task variants which undergird these strategies are made and tested experimentally. The results suggest that task variants such as the size of the stimulus and the shape of the pieces interact with subject variables to produce the operating strategy. Skill in problem solving is revealed in the ability to structure the array, to hold a structured image and to reduce the number of answers requiring intensive processing. The interaction between task and subject variables results in appropriate or inappropriate strategies which in turn affect speed and accuracy.
Results suggest that strategy formation and usage are the keys to explaining individual differences and an heuristic model is presented to explain the performance of individual subjects on the problems involved in the Minnesota Paper Form Board. The model can be used to predict performance on other tests; and as an aid to teaching subjects experiencing difficulties.
The model presented incorporates strategy variation and is consequently mores complex than previously suggested models. It is argued that such complexity is necessary to explain the nature of a subject's performance and is also necessary to perform diagnostic evaluation.
Certain structural -features of the Minnesota Paper Form Board are questioned and suggestions for improvement included. The essential explanatory function of the strategy in use makes the prevalent group administration approach suspect in the prediction of future performance in spatial or vocational activity.
23
Vohra, Neeti. "Shape based supervised classification application to epilepsy /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001191.
Testo completo
24
Kronvall, Alf. "Perceptionsanalys av tre webbplatser som använder Flash : skillnader i syn på färg och form bland kvinnliga och manliga Internetanvändare i olika åldersgrupper". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Communication, Technology and Design, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-340.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Denna uppsats undersöker hur kvinnor och män i olika åldersgrupper förhåller sig till Flashapplikationer utifrån deras uppfattning om färg och form. Deltagarna som består av skolungdomar, nyexaminerade studenter och pensionärer har genom en enkät och en semistrukturerad intervjuform fått redogöra för sina intryck av Santa Marias, Eccos och Indiskas webbplatser.
Undersökningsdeltagarna identifierar Flashelementen genom deras rörelser. Deltagarna vill välja om de ska se animationer och andra applikationer skapade i Flash för att inte tappa koncentrationen från övrigt innehåll. Studenterna i undersökningen har en mer kritisk hållning till färgval, formgivning och användandet av Flash än övriga. Kvinnorna i undersökningen har en mer liberal hållning till färg och form än männen.
This essay explores how men and women in different age groups experiences Flashapplications, depending on their perception of colour and form. The participants, teenagers at a junior high school, students who just have finished their degree and senior citizens have by answering a form and by taking part in a semi structured interview been able to express their opinion of the following Scandinavian web pages: Santa Maria, Ecco and Indiska.
The participants identify the flash objects by their movements. The participants want to be able to choose weather or not to see the animations and other applications created in Flash, to avoid loosing focus on the other information the trademarks wants to express. The students have the most critical approach to colour, form and the use of Flash objects. The female participants have a more liberal approach to colour and form then the male participants.
25
Tang, Cheuk-ming. "Junior form students' perception towards sex education programmes in a secondary school : a case study /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21184112.
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26
Crabtree, Charles E. "Short-Term Visual Deprivation, Tactile Acuity, and Haptic Solid Shape Discrimination". TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1387.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The visual cortex of human observers changes its functionality in response to visual deprivation (Boroojerdi et al., 2000). Behavioral studies have recently documented enhanced tactile abilities following a short period of visual deprivation (Facchini & Aglioti, 2003; Weisser, Stilla, Peltier, Hu, & Sathian, 2005). The current study investigated the effects of visual deprivation on two unique tactile tasks. While Facchini and Aglioti observed significant effects of visual deprivation, neither Wong, Hackeman, Hurd, and Goldreich (2011) nor Merabet et al. (2008) observed these effects. Corroborating these more recent results, no difference in grating orientation discrimination performance was observed between the sighted and visually deprived participants in the first experiment. A significant effect of experience was seen in both groups, however, irrespective of the deprivation period of 90 minutes. The second experiment immediately followed the conclusion of the first experiment. Using the same stimuli and procedures from past experiments (Norman, Clayton, Norman, & Crabtree, 2008), it investigated the participants’ haptic discrimination of 3-dimensional object shape. Again, no significant difference in performance was found between the sighted and visually deprived participants. Together, the current results show that a brief period of visual deprivation (1.5 hours) produces no significant behavioral changes for these tactile and haptic tasks.
27
Wallsin, Daniel. "Blandning av objekt från olika tidsepoker i Sanctum : Uppfattas avvikelsen om texturen modifierats?" Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5969.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka om det är möjligt att blanda objekt från olika tidsepoker i spelet Sanctum utan att spelaren observerar någon avvikelse. Detta är intressant då vi kan se om det är texturen eller formen som är mest dominant när det gäller att smälta in i en miljö, vilket kan användas för att förenkla arbetsprocesser vid skapade av spelgrafik eller vid design av miljöer, både utanför och innanför virtuella miljöer. Jag har valt att använda en kvantitativ undersökning där testpersonerna fick se på ett kort filmklipp med fyra objekt med två olika texturer, vardera placerade i en spelmiljö med två områden från olika tidsperioder i Sanctum. Därefter fick testpersonerna svara på frågor om de hade observerat något objekt som avvek från sin miljö och i så fall om det var texturen eller formen som avvikit. De fick sedan veta vad undersökningen går ut på och fick sedan se på filmklippet en gång till med möjligheten att spola och pausa i filmklippet. Därefter fick testpersonerna svara på frågor en gång till om objekt som avvikit och i så fall vad som avvek. Undersökningen har visat att det inte är möjligt att blanda objekt från olika tidsepoker om texturen inte modifierats utan att en avvikelse observeras. Däremot visar resultaten från undersökningen att det är möjligt att blanda objekt från olika tidsepoker om texturen modifierats. Det är lättare att blanda små objekt från olika tidsepoker, än att blanda stora objekt, då avvikande form lättare observeras när objekten blir större. Undersökningen tyder också på att det är mindre chans att en avvikelse observeras om ett objekts textur modifierats för att passa in i ett mörkt område, än objekt vars textur modifierats för att passa in i ett ljust område.
28
Tang, Cheuk-ming, e 鄧卓明. "Junior form students' perception towards sex education programmes in asecondary school: a case study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961241.
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Apthorp, Deborah Miriam. "The role of motion streaks in human visual motion perception". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7432.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For many years, artists and photographers have used blurred lines or `motion streaks' along an object's trajectory of motion to indicate fast motion. As it turns out, these streaks must occur in vision, because the visual system integrates information over time, around 100 - 120 ms. Generally streaks are not seen, but they could prove a useful cue to direction of motion, as suggested in an influential model proposed by Geisler (1999). In experiments exploiting the tilt aftereffect and illusion paradigms, we found that strong motion streaks produced robust tilt aftereffects and illusions, similar in magnitude and orientation tuning to those induced by tilted lines. These effects were weak or absent in weak streak conditions, and when motion was too slow to form streaks. We also investigated binocular rivalry suppression of static stimuli by fast and slow motion, and found that grating stimuli oriented parallel to the direction of fast, rivalling motions were more deeply suppressed than those orthogonal to the motion direction, but only for fast, `streaky' motion, not slow motion. We attributed this deeper suppression to within-channel masking by motion streaks, as there was clear orientation tuning of this effect, both during suppression and dominance phases. We further explored masking by motion streaks in two further studies addressing the orientation and spatial frequency tuning of dichoptic and monoptic masking by motion streaks. Finally, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the neural correlates of these streaks, and found similar patterns of activity for fast motion and static, oriented patterns, which could successfully be used by a classifier algorithm to decode whether a participant was viewing one of two directions of motion (45 or 135 degrees) after training on orientation sessions alone. Together, these results indicate that motion streaks produced by temporal integration of fast translating features effectively adapt orientation-selective cells, that they cause masking similar to that caused by static stimuli, that they can cause tuned suppression of oriented stimuli even when not seen, and that they are present in early visual cortex. Thus, motion streaks are present in the visual system, and would be available to perform the function ascribed to them by Geisler. This is discussed in terms of traditional models of motion perception, and some novel predictions and future experiments are proposed.
30
Lind, Erik. "The Rhythm of Expression : Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of Form". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39091.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The intent of this essay is to shed light on the relevance and meaning of the concept of ”form” in Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology. Drawing on his early texts as well as on the published notes of his first course held at the Collège de France, we argue that the notion of form essentially carries two meanings in the thought of the philosopher. One epistemological, stating that the perceived always assumes the figure-ground structure (signifying a figurative dimension of form). Another ontological according to which form designates the originary manifestation of the world in the event of expression (signifying a genetic dimension of form). Finally, we argue that the interplay of these two dimension of form lead Merleau-Ponty to an intuitive understanding of rhythm as the sensible manifestation of form, suggesting a potentially fruitful encounter, converging upon this notion, with the thought of Henri Maldiney.
31
Di, Guida Sibilla. "Feature-Based Choice and Similarity Perception in Normal-Form Games: An Experimental Research". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368079.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In my thesis, I investigate how strategic behavior forms in the mind of the subjects and how is it possible to influence or manipulate it, without proposing modifications of the utility function, but referring to possible logical and psychological processes.
I start from the assumption that agents are boundedly rational, and unable to process the whole information contained in a strategic situation. Moreover, they are also assumed to be unable to “rationally†process the
information they gathered, but rather look for intuitive solutions.
I claim that these “intuitive solutions†are largely influenced by some non-strategic features, and that manipulating them without altering the true strategic structure of the game would influence agents’ strategic behavior.
For this reason, I define this behavior as “feature-based choice†.
32
Di, Guida Sibilla. "Feature-Based Choice and Similarity Perception in Normal-Form Games: An Experimental Research". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2011. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/635/1/PhDThesis_DiGuida.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In my thesis, I investigate how strategic behavior forms in the mind of the subjects and how is it possible to influence or manipulate it, without proposing modifications of the utility function, but referring to possible logical and psychological processes.
I start from the assumption that agents are boundedly rational, and unable to process the whole information contained in a strategic situation. Moreover, they are also assumed to be unable to “rationally” process the
information they gathered, but rather look for intuitive solutions.
I claim that these “intuitive solutions” are largely influenced by some non-strategic features, and that manipulating them without altering the true strategic structure of the game would influence agents’ strategic behavior.
For this reason, I define this behavior as “feature-based choice”.
33
Rimmer, Scott. "The Symbolic Form of Architecture: An investigation into its philosophical foundations and a discussion on the development of the perception of architectural form by modern heoreticians and symbolist architects". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36755.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates the concept of the symbolic form of architecture. It first focuses on the philosophical foundations for this concept in the works of Ernst Cassirer, Immanuel Kant, Conrad Fiedler, and Theodor Adorno. Then, the development of the modern perception of form in architectural theoreticians, where "modern" architectural theory evolved from an analogical state into a symbolic state, is examined: Karl Bötticherâ s concept of a Junktur and his attempt to transcend the presumed dichotomy in architecture between ornamentation and form is discussed; Gottfried Semper's concept of style and Alois Riegl's concept of motif are presented as reactions against what they saw as the mechanistic reliance on structure as definitive of form in architecture; Louis Sullivan's ornamentation is discussed as an attempt to integrate structure and ornamentation into a morphological whole; Otto Wagner's attempt to purge architecture from analogical responses through a strictly constructional basis for ornamentation is presented; and Adolf Loos' dismissal of decorative ornamentation, since it is an impediment towards true aesthetic judgment, is examined. Finally, a critical review of the symbolist movement in architecture, art, and literature is presented as a movement diametric to the symbolic development in architecture, since it glorified the analogical, and frequently the mimetic. The origins for how the symbolist movement became a denial of clarity center on Emanuel Swedenborg's concept of symbols, and how it was misinterpreted by the symbolists.Master of Architecture
34
Loh, Angeline M. "The recovery of 3-D structure using visual texture patterns". University of Western Australia, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[Truncated abstract] One common task in Computer Vision is the estimation of three-dimensional surface shape from two-dimensional images. This task is important as a precursor to higher level tasks such as object recognition - since shape of an object gives clues to what the object is - and object modelling for graphics. Many visual cues have been suggested in the literature to provide shape information, including the shading of an object, its occluding contours (the outline of the object that slants away from the viewer) and its appearance from two or more views. If the image exhibits a significant amount of texture, then this too may be used as a shape cue. Here, ‘texture’ is taken to mean the pattern on the surface of the object, such as the dots on a pear, or the tartan pattern on a tablecloth. This problem of estimating the shape of an object based on its texture is referred to as shape-form-texture and it is the subject of this thesis . . . The work in this thesis is likely to impact in a number of ways. The second shape-form-texture algorithm provides one of the most general solutions to the problem. On the other hand, if the assumptions of the first shape-form-texture algorithm are met, this algorithm provides an extremely usable method, in that users should be able to input images of textured objects and click on the frontal texture to quickly reconstruct a fairly good estimation of the surface. And lastly, the algorithm for estimating the transformation between textures can be used as a part of many shape-form-texture algorithms, as well as being useful in other areas of Computer Vision. This thesis gives two examples of other applications for the method: re-texturing an object and placing objects in a scene.
35
Grinblat, Eduardo M. "Architecture, the ever living fire : how transition influences our perception of space and form". Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1107227.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The complexity of daily life involves innumerable phenomena which act upon us shaping our physical and mental reality. This thesis focuses on one of these phenomena, the act of transition, and its influence upon human perception and, consequently, upon architecture.Transition, the act of change, is a key element in our existence. Our awareness of constant change predisposes us to expect transition in the objects and events of our life. Once architects understand this important frame of reference, they can stimulate and engage the intellectual involvement of the users of the buildings they create. Finally, this involvement produces a simple consequence, it produces pleasure in the architectural users.Department of Architecture
36
Moskowitz, Alex. "American Imperception: Literary Form, Sensory Perception, and Political Economy in Nineteenth-Century American Literature". Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109138.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis advisor: Robert S. LehmanThesis advisor: Jennifer Greiman
“American Imperception” explores how early American writers investigated the role that political economy plays in the relation between sensory perception and knowledge. This dissertation argues that nineteenth-century American writers used literature to teach their readers to understand how economic forms and forms of economic activity fundamentally shape and train the sensorium to sense in historically and contextually specific ways. In “American Imperception,” I show how literature can make legible otherwise insensible forms of social and economic relations. The impossibility of sensing social and economic form—and the way in which that impossibility is rendered through literature—is what I call in this project “imperception.” Imperception describes the way in which literary form makes intelligible the structures of social, political, and economic life: structures that themselves cannot be sensed directly and which therefore cannot be directly represented by literature. “American Imperception” is focused on how literature interacts with social life within a capitalist modernity defined by the value form and the commodity form, and how literature formalizes the structures of social life through a specifically literary logic, transforming them into something that can be read where they cannot be seen, heard, felt, or represented. This dissertation draws on Karl Marx’s thinking on the senses and the suprasensible to consider how U.S. writers of the nineteenth-century mobilized literary form to make thinkable forms of sociality that cannot be contained by the imperceptible nature of sociality under capital. As I show in this dissertation, the political economy of social life determines what can be sensed, just as what can be sensed marks the horizon of political and social possibility
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: English
37
Kohler, Michelle DeLila. "Eyesight, insight, and literary form in nineteenth-century American literature /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1232423271&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1180984209&clientId=11238.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 342-357). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
38
Ström, Jacob. "Model-based head tracking and coding /". Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/tek733s.pdf.
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39
Cheung, Ching-po. "Reader self-perception and academic reading achievement of the junior form students of a local secondary school : implications for a reading program /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424370.
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Teixeira, Rosani Aparecida Antunes. "Estudo da visão de cores, percepção de formas e espaço em pacientes com esclerose múltipla". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-03042009-102130/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A presente dissertação objetiva avaliar a visão de cores dos pacientes com EM (com e sem queixas visuais), através de teste psicofísicos e a percepção de formas e espaço, através de testes neuropsicológicos, além de investigar a existência de correlação entre essas funções. Participaram da pesquisa um total de 35 pacientes (9 M e 27 F) com o diagnóstico de EM, com idades entre 18 e 60 anos (média 36,84±10,49), e nível de educação variado, e 36 controles com faixa etária e nível escolar equivalente. Os pacientes possuíam acuidade visual 20/20, ou melhor e foram divididos em dois grupos: um com neurite óptica (NO n=52) outro sem NO (n=17). Foram utilizados os testes: Cambridge Color Test (CCT) fase trivector e elipse, Judgment of line orientation (JLO), visual form discrination (VFD), Bateria de percepção visual de objeto e espaço (VOSP), e as Escalas de depressão e ansiedade de Beck. Os resultados mostram diferenças entre grupos (anova OneWay), nos três eixos analisados (protan, deutan e tritan) e nas áreas das elipses em todos os grupos, (p0,005) indicando que a visão de cores está prejudicada em ambos os sistemas de oponência, sendo que a ocorrência de NO está associada a maior prejuízo, mas há perda da visão de cores mesmo na ausência de NO. Dos olhos sem NO 52% possui áreas das elipses normais (27/52), 27% possui deficiência difusa (14/52), 13% no eixo tritan (7/52), 6% no eixo protan (3/52) e 2% no deutan (1/52), indicando que a incidência de prejuízo difuso é maior entre estes pacientes. Dos olhos com NO, somente 18% (3/17) possui área das elipses dentro da normalidade, 34% possui deficiência no eixo deutan (6/17), 18% deficiência nos eixos protan e difusa (3/17) e 12% no eixo tritan (2/17), indicando que a incidência de prejuízo no eixo verde-vermelho é maior. Existe diferença estatística (kruskal-Wallis) nos testes VOSP2 entre os grupos CT x EM e CT x NO, no VOSP3 entre os grupos CT x NO e EM x NO e no VOSP8 entre os grupos CT x EM (p0,005), indicando que tanto a via de percepção de objeto, forma e cor (parvo), quanto à via de percepção de espaço estão comprometidas. Verificamos aumento da perda de visão de cores, com o aumento da idade, nos paciente com EM, nos eixos tritan (CT 1,53±0,27 EM 2,97±0,75) e deutan (CT 0,61±0,13 EM 1,35±0,53), indicando que a EM, intensifica a perda da visão de cores com o aumento da idade. Existe correlação entre o eixo tritan e os testes de percepção de objetos, VOSP3 e discriminação visual de formas, além do testes VOSP8 de percepção de espaço. No eixo deutan encontramos correlações com os testes decisão de objetos (VOSP3) e análise de cubos (p0,005).To assess color vision, form and space perception in patients with clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, with or without history of optic neuritis. Methods: We evaluated 35 patients (27F; 9M; mean age = 36.84±10.49 years) with diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. All patients had visual acuity between 0 and 0.1 logMAR and presented no alterations in a complete ophthalmologic exam. We compared the results with 36 control subjects, matched in age and school level. Color discrimination was performed with Cambridge Colour Test (CCT) along the protan, deutan and tritan cone isolation axes. All patients were evaluated monocularly in both eyes. In neuropsychological evaluation, for space and form perception, we used Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO), Visual Form Discrimination (VFD), Visual Object and Space Perception Test (VOSP), and the depression and anxiety of Beck Scales. Results: Color discrimination measured in both groups differed significantly from the control group in all Trivector axes and in the ellipses areas (p < 0.005). Eyes with history of optic neuritis were associated whit larger damage. MS patients presented a progressive color discrimination impairment with age (along the deutan and tritan axes) that was almost two times faster than controls, even in the absence of ON. In neuropsychological evaluation, MS group presented statistical differences from control group in VOSP silhouettes, objects and cubs tests (p0,005). Conclusions: Most of the central visual functions were impaired in patients with ME, who had no impairment in visual acuity. Episodes of optic neuritis are a factor that increases the chance of reduction in color discrimination. Correlations between color vision and neuropsychological evaluation suggest that losses in chromatic discrimination leads to damage in neuropsychological tests performance. These findings suggest that demyelinating diseases intensify the loss of colors vision with age and reduce sensitivity to color vision in both red-green and blue-yellow axes, implying impairment in both parvocellular and koniocellular visual pathways as well as dorsal and ventral pathways, according to results in neuropsychological tests. Key words: Multiple Sclerosis, Color Vision, Neuropsychological Tests
41
Au, Ka-keung, e 區家強. "The repetition of form five: an exploratory study on the self-perception of the repeaters". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959209.
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Au, Ka-keung. "The repetition of form five : an exploratory study on the self-perception of the repeaters /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18810809.
Testo completo
43
Wilmot, Pamela Dianne. "Graphicacy as a form of communication in the primary school". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003433.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Children of today inhabit a multi-dimensional world, and in order to communicate effectively in it, they need the ability to utilise four forms of communication namely, oracy, literacy, numeracy and graphicacy. Communicating in graphic form requires an ability to both encode and decode spatial information using symbols, which requires the utilisation and application of spatial perceptual skills and concepts. The acquisition of graphic skills has been influenced by traditional developmental perspectives; increasingly the assumptions underpinning these have been challenged by more recent international research findings. The draft Curriculum Framework for General and Further Education and Training (1996: 18) identifies graphic literacy as one of the critical outcomes of the new South African curriculum. For graphic literacy to be an achievable outcome of the new curriculum, we need to investigate the skills and concepts underpinning this form of communication. The goal of this research is to investigate graphicacy as a form of communication in South African primary schools. However, given the scope of a research project of this nature, it was decided that rather than dealing with graphicacy per se, pictures as the most frequent and concrete type of graphic communication encountered by young learners would be focused on. In seeking to investigate pictures, the first stage of the study is concerned with diagnosing and illuminating children's graphic skill development through identifying: what skills they use; how they use and apply these when communicating through and interpreting symbols; and the difficulties they experience when, firstly, encoding spatial information through a series of practical and drawing tasks; and secondly, when reading and interpreting pictures. The second stage of the study investigates the extent to which children's early childhood experiences may or may not have impeded or enhanced the acquisition of skills necessary for understanding and communicating about space. The research findings, evaluated according to existing and emerging theoretical perspectives on graphicacy, will help to illuminate the current situation regarding the graphic literacy of South African primary school children. The study may contribute to wider international debates about graphicacy as a form of communication and the development of graphic literacy, from a South African perspective.
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Lineweaver, Tara T. "An investigation of visuospatial orientation and mental rotation in patients with Alzheimer's disease and patients with Huntington's disease /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935484.
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Sherman, Michael Antonio. "Learning city form from children : identifying patterns of adolescents' use and perception of the urban environment". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70227.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1993, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-106).
by Michael Antonio Sherman.
M.S.
M.C.P.
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Zangenehpour, Shahin. "Bilateral distribution of face- and object-selective neurones in the adult vervet monkey inferotemporal cortex : a molecular mapping study". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A series of studies is described here which explore the functional organisation of face- and object-processing neurones in the adult vervet monkey brain. This fundamental issue in high-level vision is addressed by the use of a novel molecular mapping technique that was developed for this purpose.In the first study, the temporal dynamics of c-fos and zif268 expression were delineated in detail in the rat visual cortex. Knowing the precise temporal parameters of up-regulation (after onset of sensory stimulation) and down-regulation (after offset of sensory stimulation) of these genes was integral to optimising the temporal aspects of the stimuli to be used for subsequent mapping experiments. This study provided the critical information for devising stimuli with corresponding temporal parameters to those of c-fos or zif268 so that one could take advantage of the disparity between the expression of their mRNA and protein products in order to visualise activated neurones.
In the second study, the newly developed molecular mapping technique was validated in the rat auditory, visual and multisensory systems. First, bimodal audiovisual stimuli were designed using the data obtained from the first study. Then, through the combined histological detection of the mRNA and protein products of zif268, discrete populations of neurones responsive to either component of the bimodal stimulus were visualised. It was also observed that a third population of neurones was found that responded to the stimulation through both sensory modalities. The combined results from these two studies set the stage for addressing the issue of the organisation of face- and object-selective neurones of the inferior temporal cortex in the vervet monkey brain.
In the third study, the functional organisation of face- and object-selective neurones was examined using the molecular mapping technique. Based on the data gathered from the first two studies, suitable stimuli containing two distinct object classes (conspecific faces and non-face familiar objects) were designed with appropriate temporal parameters.
Finally, the last study provided an opportunity to address the issue of hemispheric asymmetry of function in the context of face processing in the non-human primate brain. Results support the notion that there may indeed be phylogenetic explanations for the hemispheric asymmetry observed in the human brain.
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Zukauskis, Ronald L. "Tachistoscopic recognition of vertical and horizontal letter symmetry in response to the contralateral organization of the human nervous system". Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221268.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Eight-letter upper case arrays containing vertically symmetrical (VS), e.g., A-T-U-W, horizontally symmetrical (HS), e.g., B-D-C-E, doubly symmetrical (DS), e.g., H-I-O-X, and non-symmetrical (NS), e.g., F-G-L-R, were tachistoscopically exposed bilaterally for 50 ms. to fifteen male and fifteen female undergraduates. The number of letters correctly recognized for each classification condition was used as the criterion measure. A fixed, two-factor design with the second factor being repeated was analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Consequent to testing Null Hypothesis 1 (that there is no difference between the classification conditions), a check was made for the presence of a significant interaction between gender and classification condition (Null Hypothesis 2). Because Null Hypothesis 1 was rejected and there was no interaction present, the classification group means were tested using a post hoc multiple comparison procedure identified as Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. Test statistics for the Tukey HSD contrasts found that significantly more VS letters were reported than DS, HS, and NS letters. Significantly more DS letters were reported than HS and NS letters. No difference in report accuracy was found between HS and NS letters. This is in sharp contrast to studies that count only responses reported in the same left-to-right order as the tachistoscopic presentation, i.e., order of report. Previous studies using an order of report method found vertically asymmetrical letters to be reported more accurately than vertically symmetrical ones. The present study disregarded order of from an order of report. It was emphasized that the subject maintain focus on the fixation dot and not attempt to scan the letter-array pattern in a left-to-right direction, as the lettersdid not have to be reported in their respective positions. A different explanation for the Harcum (1964) directionality and Bryden (1968) masking interpretations follows from an order of report method activating additional processing mechanisms such as working memory that are ordinarily not needed to process letter features.Results obtained by the present study are discussed in terms of a reversal of spatial information for touch, kinesthesis, and sound to match the brain’s reversed retino-cortical projection.Department of Educational Psychology
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Bueno, Viviane Freire. "Influência da atenção temporal em tarefas de discriminação visual e auditiva". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-19072011-085923/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A ocorrência repetida de um estímulo sensorial precedendo o estímulo alvo geralmente reduz o tempo de reação (TR). Este efeito tem sido atribuído à atenção temporal mobilizada pelo estímulo precedente que facilitaria a resposta no momento em que o estímulo alvo fosse esperado. Examinamos a atuação da estimulação precedente em tarefas de TR de discriminação sensorial. Em um primeiro experimento testamos noventa e seis adultos jovens de ambos os sexos. Metade dos participantes realizou uma tarefa de TR que exigia a localização (esquerda ou direita) dos estímulos alvos visuais ou auditivos. A outra metade dos participantes realizou uma tarefa de TR que exigia a identificação da forma, no caso de estímulos visuais, e da seqüência de tons, no caso de estímulos auditivos. O estímulo alvo visual podia ser um círculo ou uma elipse. O estímulo alvo auditivo podia ser uma seqüência ascendente constituída por um tom de 1000 Hz seguido por um tom de 3000 Hz ou uma seqüência descendente formada por um tom de 3000 Hz seguido por um tom de 1000 Hz. A resposta consistiu em pressionar uma tecla com a mão esquerda ou a direita dependendo do estímulo alvo o mais rápido possível. O estímulo alvo podia ser precedido pelo piscar de um retângulo com as dimensões da tela do monitor de vídeo ou por um tom de 300 Hz e 57 dB. A assincronia entre o início dos dois estímulos (AIE) podia ser de 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 ou 1600 ms, em blocos de tentativas separados. Nas tarefas de localização, o estímulo precedente visual produziu efeito facilitador na AIE de 400 ms quando o estímulo alvo era visual. O estímulo precedente auditivo produziu efeito facilitador nas AIE de 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 e de 1600 ms quando o estímulo alvo era visual e nas AIE de 400, 800 e 1600 ms quando o estímulo alvo era auditivo. Nas tarefas de identificação, o estímulo precedente auditivo produziu efeito facilitador nas AIE de 200 e 400 ms quando o estímulo alvo era visual e nas AIE de 400, 800 e 1600 ms quando o estímulo alvo era auditivo. Em um segundo experimento, equilibramos o nível de dificuldade das tarefas de discriminação visual com estimulação precedente auditiva. Doze participantes realizaram uma tarefa de TR que exigia a localização do estímulo (acima e abaixo do ponto de fixação, tanto à esquerda como à direita). Outros doze participantes realizaram uma tarefa de TR que exigia a identificação da forma para a escolha da mão de resposta. Na tarefa de localização, o estímulo precedente auditivo produziu um efeito facilitador que não diferiu entre as AIE. Na tarefa de identificação, o estímulo precedente auditivo produziu efeito facilitador na AIE de 400 ms. A mobilização da atenção temporal e sua atuação ao longo do tempo dependem do tipo de tarefa realizada e da natureza do estímulo precedente e do estímulo alvo. Estímulos auditivos mobilizam mais intensamente a atenção temporal do que estímulos visuaisThe repeated occurrence of a prime stimulus preceding a target stimulus reduces a reaction time (RT). This effect has been usually attributed to the temporal attention mobilized by the prime stimulus which would facilitate the response at the moment that the target stimulus is expected. We systematically examined the influence of temporal attention on RT in sensory discrimination tasks. In one experiment we tested ninety-six young adults of both sexes. Half of the participants carried out a task which required the identification of the location of appearance of target auditory or visual stimuli (left or right). The other half of the participants carried out a task which required the identification of the shape, in the case of visual stimuli, and tones sequence, in the case of auditory stimuli. The visual target stimulus could be a circle or an ellipse. The auditory target stimulus could be an ascending sequence formed by a 1000 Hz tone followed by a 3000 Hz tone or a descending sequence formed by a 3000 Hz tone followed by a 1000 Hz tone. The response was a key press, which should be performed as fast as possible. The target stimulus could be preceded by the flashing of the border of the screen or by a 57 dB 300 Hz tone. The stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) could be 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 or 1600 ms, in separated blocks of trials. In the identification tasks location, the visual prime stimulus produced facilitatory effect for SOA of 400 ms when the target stimulus was visual. The auditory prime stimulus produced a facilitatory effect for SOA of 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and of 1600 ms when the target stimulus was visual and for SOA of 400, 800, and 1600 ms when the target stimulus was auditory. In the tasks of object identification, the auditory prime stimulus produced a facilitatory effect for SOA of 200 and 400 ms when the target stimulus was visual and for SOA of 400, 800 and 1600 ms when the target stimulus was auditory. In another experiment, we balanced the level of difficult of the visual discrimination tasks. We tested only the auditory prime stimulus. Twelve participants carried out a task which required the identification of the location of the target stimulus (upper and lower visual hemifield on left or right of the fixation point). Another twelve participants carried out a task which required the identification of the shape of the target stimulus. In the task of location identification, the auditory prime stimulus produced a facilitatory effect independent of the SOA. In the task of shape identification, the auditory prime stimulus produced a facilitatory effect for SOA of 400 ms. The mobilization of temporal attention and the time course depend on the type of task being performed and the nature of the prime and the target stimulus. Auditory prime stimuli mobilize temporal attention more intensely than visual prime stimulus
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Wong, Wing Shun. "The effects of matching lens focus with stereoscopic depth cues on the time taken to form a single stereoscopic image when viewing a binocular display : system prototyping and experimentation /". View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IELM%202007%20WONGW.
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Eblin, Joshua J. "Development and Preliminary Validation of a Brief Behavioral Measure of Problems in Thought Organization and Perception". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333480027.
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