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1
Robertson, A. "Teleforestry: Utilizing Television". Forestry Chronicle 62, n. 6 (1 dicembre 1986): 542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc62542-6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Whether justified or not foresters are being criticized for inadequate and inappropriate forest management strategies. To address these criticisms and foster strong political and economic support for forestry a process called Teleforestry has been developed by a working party of the International Union of Societies of Foresters.In recognizing the tremendous impact that the television medium has on public opinion and for technology transfer, Teleforestry was designed as a dual process for developing television awareness among foresters and forestry awareness among television broadcasters.This article gives a brief introduction to the television news medium and some guidelines on how foresters can gain access to it and use it effectively. The potential of other aspects of television is discussed including drama, documentary drama and educational television. A plan for a World Teleforestry Conference, as a major media event, is outlined, including video teleconferencing, production of a forestry documentary, a forestry television awards festival, and supporting promotions and publications.
2
Launchbury, Rebecca. "Canada's Forest History Societies". Forestry Chronicle 89, n. 05 (ottobre 2013): 584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2013-107.
Testo completo
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Schmithüsen, F. "Multifunctional forestry practices as a land use strategy to meet increasing private and public demands in modern societies". Journal of Forest Science 53, No. 6 (7 gennaio 2008): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2016-jfs.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present distribution of forests and the degree of their transformation by man are the results of natural factors and cultural development. The limit between forested areas and open spaces, as well as differences between intensively used forests and those showing small or no traces of human intervention, is determined by social needs and values, economic opportunities, and political regulations. Forests are currently perceived by the population as physical and social spaces profoundly influenced by timber use and forest management. Their social and political significance is in full evolution. The multiple demands on forests in a rapidly evolving economic, social, and political environment require maintaining a high level of forest management standards and a flexible adaptation of multiple-use forestry to the complex interactions between the private and public sectors.
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O’Herrin, Keith, Corinne Bassett, Susan Day, Paul Ries e P. Eric Wiseman. "Borrowed Credentials and Surrogate Professional Societies: A Critical Analysis of the Urban Forestry Profession". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 49, n. 3 (1 maggio 2023): 107–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2023.009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Urban forestry is an emerging profession, yet its professional identity is not clearly defined, nor does it have the full complement of support mechanisms commonly expected or needed by professionals. As a result, urban forest professionals rely on closely allied professions (e.g., arboriculture, forestry) resulting in frustration amongst urban forest professionals and confusion and lack of awareness amongst the general public. Methods: We developed a series of practical but ideal benchmarks for a successful “modern profession” based on features extracted from a review of the literature and precedents from 11 other professions. We then examined a broad array of evidence to identify gaps between the benchmarks and the current reality of the profession. Strength of evidence was assessed, and each benchmark was classified as being supported by established, emerging, or little to no evidence. Results: Gap analysis indicates that while the profession provides an essential service to society, there is a need for improvement in credentialing, public awareness, recruitment into the profession, and support for career advancement. Many gaps result from a lack of coordinated efforts or organized community dedicated to the full scope of urban forest professionals. We identified a misalignment between urban forest professionals and existing professional organizations that are dedicated to closely allied professions. Conclusion: To meet benchmarks for a successful “modern profession,” urban forestry needs professional support explicitly dedicated to urban forestry. The profession cannot meet the future needs of society supported only by borrowed credentials and surrogate professional organizations.
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Gurung, Dil Bahadur. "Community Forest Program and Women Empowerment: A Study Gorkha District". Kaladarpan कलादर्पण 4, n. 1 (21 febbraio 2024): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kaladarpan.v4i1.62840.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Globalization has had a powerful impact on individuals and societies. Some have argued that Nepal entered the age of globalization only in the 1980—after Nepal began to liberalize rules of international trade. Globalization however, also began to impact individuals and societies in Nepal because of the expanding presence of international development agencies there. One such expansion of international agencies was in the community forestry sector. This paper explores how the internationally driven community forestry program in the Gorkha District of Nepal and the associated Community Forest User Group (CFUG) there, is empowering local women. Although forest conservation programs started from 1960s, the initiation of the community forestry program in 1993 helped convert the nationalized forests into community forests that were handed over to local communities. The shift of the ownership and management responsibility of local forests to the local community (CFUG) also shifted the privilege and power to the locals. The initial intent of the program was to protect forest and wildlife and mitigate the hazards caused by deforestation. In time, however, the program was expanded to the holistic development of the community, including the empowerment of women within such community.
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Hürlimann, Katja. "Was hat «Holznot» mit «Hungersnot» zu tun? Reformbemühungen der Ökonomischen Kommission von Zürich im 18. Jahrhundert | The relationship between wood scarcity and food scarcity. Reform movement of the Economical Commission of Zurich in the 18th century". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 155, n. 8 (1 agosto 2004): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2004.0320.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Shortages of wood and grain threatened pre-modern societies from the Middle-Ages onwards. The many economical societies,which arose in Europe in the second half of the 18th century,tried to combat such shortages by calling for agricultural and silvicultural reforms. The process of such reforms can be nicely illustrated using the example of the Economical Commission of Zurich. Not only does this provide an opportunity to examine the complicity and mutual dependence of the two sectors in question, it also serves to show the discursive character of both wood and food scarcity. The warnings and reform proposals emanating from the Zurich economists were rarely based, it must be said, on any personal experience of shortages.
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O’Hara, Kevin. "Open Access Publishing Trends in the Forest Sciences". Forests 10, n. 3 (8 marzo 2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10030238.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Open access models for academic publishing offer an alternative to traditional subscription-based journals. In the open access model, the author generally retains the copyright and the published articles are available free on the internet. Publication costs are either borne by the author as article processing charges, or are free for some journals published by societies or institutions. Traditional subscription-based journals are funded by subscription costs to libraries and individuals, the publisher retains the copyright, and these journals are generally not freely available to the public. This traditional model has created two problems: (1) many for-profit publishers control access in a form of oligopoly and impose high costs to subscribers; and (2) it limits access of scientific information to the public which disproportionately affects poorly funded research institutions and developing countries. Other subscription-based journals are published by scientific and professional societies but are not “for-profit”. In the forest sciences, several open access journals emerged in the last 10–15 years. These open access journals are published by for-profit publishing companies, research institutions, and professional societies. Some of these journals have been successful at attracting manuscript submissions, becoming indexed by various indexation services, and have seen metrics representing their importance increase over time. This paper documents these trends and assesses the viability of the open access model in the forest sciences and compares them to other types of journals.
8
Irland, Lloyd C. "Ethics Codes of Professional Societies: A Quick Look". Journal of Forestry 117, n. 4 (18 giugno 2019): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvz034.
Testo completo
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Fang, Xiang Min, Wei Zhao, Ya Wei Wei, Qing Li Wang e Li Min Dai. "Situation and Suggestions for Chinese Sustainable Forestry Development". Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (agosto 2013): 4311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4311.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The year 2011 is the International Year of the Forest-a time when people around the world are encouraged to pay special attention to the importance of forest ecosystems and the goods as well as ecological services they provide to sustain societies and economies. As the one of the giant of forest recourses consumption, China has the responsibility and obligation to made untiring efforts and unselfish contribution for the development of the world forestry. Research indicates that although Chinese forest area, forest growing stock as well as forest coverage continue to grow, there will still have a huge gap of wood demand because of the countrys large area and population. Many problems of Chinese forestry are pressing for solution in order to be on the path of sustainable forest management. In particular, through the development of plantations, reducing demand by enhancing the comprehensive use of timber with advanced science and technology, and advocating saving timber and recycling. Chinese experiences and lessons are also enlightenment to other countries.
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(Hamish) Kimmins, J. P. "Old-growth forest: An ancient and stable sylvan equilibrium, or a relatively transitory ecosystem condition that offers people a visual and emotional feast? Answerit depends". Forestry Chronicle 79, n. 3 (1 giugno 2003): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79429-3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As a species, humans depend heavily on their visual sense, make decisions as much from their hearts as from their heads (emotion-and value-based decisions versus analytical, logic- and knowledge-based decisions), and dislike environmental and other change. Societies in early stages of development have generally revered old people for their wisdom and experience, whereas many societies at more advanced stages of development have adopted a culture of youth. Attitudes toward forests have shown a similar trend. Respect for large and old trees was a feature of some early societies, whereas societies in and after the industrial revolution became more interested in younger, faster growing trees for technical and utilitarian reasons. However, as human population growth caused the area of unmanaged forest, old forest, and forests of large trees to decline, reverence has revived for large, old trees and for old forests. This trend has not been matched by a renewed respect for scientific knowledge about forests and for wisdom about forests based on long experience. Reflecting the pervasive effects of the culture of youth, issues in forestry, including the issue of old forests, are being judged largely on an aesthetic basis, on human emotional response to snapshot visual aspects, and on a dislike for changethe Peter Pan syndrome. "Old-growth" forest, whatever it is, has been deified as a symbol of the mythical "balance of nature," a concept discredited by ecologists as a Victorian anachronism. There are important spiritual, aesthetic, wildlife, and environmental values associated with old forests, and the area of such forests is declining. There are many valid reasons (social, scientific, and environmental) for sustaining significant and representative areas of such forests. However, conservation of such forests and ensuring a future supply of the values they provide will not be achieved unless the reverential respect for such forests is matched by another meaning of respect: understanding such forests and basing our relationship with them on that understanding. This paper challenges forest managers and forest scientists to gain a significant understanding of "old growth" to provide a logical, knowledge-based, and experience-based foundation for the identification, inventory, conservation, and management of this forest ecosystem condition, and to assert this understanding as a counterbalance to the necessary, but insufficient, value-based attitude toward old forests that arises largely from visual snapshots and the emotions they arouse. Key words: old growth, biodiversity, sustainability, stability, succession, stand dynamics, respect for nature
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Livingston, John A. "Keynote Address". Forestry Chronicle 61, n. 2 (1 aprile 1985): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc61124-2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Any review of resource management questions must address itself to the conceptual under-pinnings of the manager's attitudes. Our societies' perceptions of resources and their management, its definitions of problems, and its array of solutions all flow from its attitudes and predispositions. Attitudes and predispositions flow from the greater "paradigm" (worldview, or concensus of reality) which commands the thinking of a particular society or culture at a particular time. Paradigms whose time has passed are seen, in hindsight, as historical curiosities. Since evolutionary change appears to occur not only in species and communities but also in societies and their ideas, I assume that "paradigm variation" is in constant process. An examination of prevailing and alternative concepts sheds light on our perceptions of our activities and of our problems in respect to them. Conventional solutions may or may not be appropriate to a differently perceived set of questions. The immediate priority, it is suggested, is problem definition. Keywords: Renewable Resource Management, Philosophy of resource management, History, Future needs, Resource Conservation Strategy.
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Ayling, R. D. "Changing perspectives of the demands on tropical forests". Forestry Chronicle 68, n. 4 (1 agosto 1992): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc68476-4.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Underlying many of the issues associated with tropical forests, deforestation and ecosystem degradation is the relationship between North and South – the relationship between "developed" and "developing" countries. This relationship is the origin of some major perceptions which we in the North hold about the needs and expectations of societies in the South related to their tropical forest resources.
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Mallen, Cheryl, e Greg Dingle. "Organizing Sport for Climate Related Adaptations: Lessons from the Water and Forestry Industries". Sustainability 13, n. 18 (20 settembre 2021): 10462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810462.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sporting societies around the world are being impacted by a variety of contemporary climatic challenges. The sport management literature indicates that these impacts have disrupted sport. Some adaptations have been implemented, but a comprehensive planning framework is absent from the literature. Learning from other industries, thus, was considered, and an examination of the literature from the water and forestry industries was conducted. The examination resulted in the discovery of six key themes offering insights or practical lessons to guide sport organizations in their efforts to organize for adapting to climatic impacts.
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Wallin, I., e V. Brukas. "Training forestry students for uncertainty and complexity: the development and assessment of a transformative roleplay". International Forestry Review 26, n. 1 (1 marzo 2024): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554824838457880.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate change increases the uncertainties associated with the management of forests at the same time as societies seek to intensify the utilization of bio-based resources for climate mitigation. Participatory processes in decision-making are widely acknowledged to be suitable for finding effective and legitimate trade-offs in complex and uncertain situations. Inspired by transformative learning theory, we developed a roleplay within an international forestry master’s program with the aim to train students’ personal skills in preparation for a professional life involving participatory decision-making situations. The analysis of students’ learning experiences, demonstrates the capacity of the roleplay to facilitate transformative learning and train crucial personal skills such as self-reflection, self-awareness and critical reflection. We provide guiding principles for implementing transformative roleplays, or further developing existing roleplays, in regular forestry curricula.
15
Smith, Ian, e Monica A. Snow. "Timber: An ancient construction material with a bright future". Forestry Chronicle 84, n. 4 (1 agosto 2008): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84504-4.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since before recorded history mankind has used timber for construction and, in "tree rich" rural societies, timber has remained a primary construction material ever since. This reflects the ease with which it can be sourced, its excellent mechanical properties, light weight and easiness to shape. However, over the centuries there has developed widespread aversion within the world's burgeoning urban areas to using timber, because construction practices led to poor fire performance if timber was used. Urbanized societies essentially forgot over recent centuries that if used properly timber is a high-performance construction material. Modern advances in construction know-how and fire suppression techniques coupled with concerns over sustainability of other options, have created conditions wherein timber is re-emerging as a major construction material. Timber has begun to be used in construction of relatively tall urban buildings, rather than being regarded as only suitable for small buildings, and occasional large showpieces that are well isolated from neighbouring structures. This paper summarizes the story of the discovery, diminution and beginnings of re-emergence of timber as a major structural and construction material, and links that to contemporary research at the University of New Brunswick and collaborating institutions. Key words: design, fire, fire engineering, performance-based design, seismic response, structural design, structural response, timber, timber engineering, urbanization, wood
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Khare, Bharti, e Anjali Kumar. "FORESTRY AND ENVIRONMENT". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, n. 9SE (30 settembre 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3219.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With more than one billion people inundated, it is a difficult task to protect the Indian environment even when there is an uneven difference in the needs, means, education and level of awareness of every person. To imagine a healthy life without a balanced environment is just a fantasy. We are currently seeing and enjoying the consequences of messing with the environment in many ways.Environmental science is a compulsory subject as of today. It is not only ours but the global problem. In view of the current environmental imbalance, every person should and should be connected to this subject. Forestry and environmental sciences can manage and improve the environment through sustainable management of natural resources and new and effective techniques. Human society has made unprecedented development in science and other fields, but due to this development, it has used natural resources with cruelty or it is said that if misused it will not be an exaggeration. It has also damaged the environment along with our natural resources and we do not have to go far to see the results. Due to continuous vandalism with nature, today we are only available to our growing barren areas, less fertile land, our cities full of pollution and human societies and regions facing the cruelty of floods and droughts. Today the whole world is forced to improve the environmental balance. In this perspective, the words forest and environment seem to complement each other. The management of forests is bound to improve the environment. The whole human society needs to be aware now after learning from the damage done to the environment at the global level and the efforts being made for its betterment and the terrible changes happening around us. If we are still not careful then no one can save us from suffering disastrous consequences.
एक अरब से ज्यादा जन सैलाब के साथ भारतीय पर्यावरण को सुरक्षित रखना एक कठिन कार्य है वह भी जबकि हर व्यक्ति की आवश्यकताएॅं, साधन, शिक्षा एवं जागरूकता के स्तर में असमान्य अंतर परिलक्षित होता है। संतुलित पर्यावरण के बिना स्वस्थ जीवन की कल्पना करना मात्र एक कल्पना ही है। पर्यावरण से खिलवाड़ के परिणाम हम कई रूप में वर्तमान में देख रहे हैं एवं भोग रहे हैं। पर्यावरण विज्ञान आज के समय के अनुसार एक अनिवार्य विषय है। यह सिर्फ हमारी ही नहीं अपितु वैश्विक समस्या है। वर्तमान पर्यावरणीय असंतुलन को देखते हुए इस विषय से हर व्यक्ति को जुड़ना चाहिए एवं जोड़ना चाहिए। वानिकी एवं पर्यावरण विज्ञान से प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का सतत् प्रबंधन एवं नई तथा कारगर तकनीकों के माध्यम से पर्यावरण का संरक्षण और सुधार किया जा सकता है। मानव समाज ने विज्ञान एवं अन्य क्षेत्रों में अभूतपूर्व विकास किया है परंतु इस विकास के चलते उसने प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का क्रूरता के साथ उपयोग किया है या यह कहा जाये कि दुरूपयोग किया है तो अतिश्योक्ति नहीं होगी। इससे हमारे प्राकृतिक संसाधनों के साथ पर्यावरण को भी नुकसान हुआ है और इसके परिणाम देखने के लिए हमें कहीं दूर जाने की आवश्यकता नहीं है। प्रकृति के साथ सतत् की जा रही बर्बरता के कारण आज हम बढ़ते बंजर इलाके, कम उपजाऊ भूमि, प्रदूषण से भरे हमारे नगर और बाढ़ तथा सूखे की क्रूरता झेलते मानव समाज एवं क्षेत्र हमारे समकक्ष ही उपलब्ध हैं। आज सारा विश्व पर्यावरण संतुलन को सुधारने के लिए विवश है। इस परिप्रेक्ष्य में वन एवं पर्यावरण शब्द एक दूसरे के पूरक लगते हैं। वनों के प्रबंधन से पर्यावरण में सुधार होना अवश्यम्भावी है। वैश्विक स्तर पर पर्यावरण को हुए नुकसान एवं इसकी बेहतरी के लिए किये जा रहे प्रयासों तथा हमारे आसपास हुए भयावह परिवर्तन से सीख लेकर अब पूरे मानवसमाज को सचेत होने की जरूरत है। अगर हम अब भी सावधान नहीं हुए तो हमें विनाशकारी परिणाम भुगतने से कोई नहीं बचा सकता।
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KARNA, BIRENDRA K., GANESH P. SHIVAKOTI e EDWARD L. WEBB. "Resilience of community forestry under conditions of armed conflict in Nepal". Environmental Conservation 37, n. 2 (20 maggio 2010): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000263.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
SUMMARYArmed conflicts pose a serious and potentially long-term threat to institutions, societies and environments across the world. This study focuses on the small mountainous country of Nepal, which has experienced high levels of armed conflict for many years. This paper analyses the relationship between local forest institutions, institutional embeddedness and forest condition under conditions of active armed conflict. Seven community forest user groups with similar forest governance structure were examined, located in similar biophysical and ecological zones, but experiencing different degrees of conflict. Those forest user groups facing severe armed conflict showed a decline in institutional arrangements but improvements in characteristics of institutional embeddedness, such as trust and reciprocity, whereas the forest user groups in low conflict environments had more stable institutional arrangements and stable embeddedness characteristics. Both types of locations showed an increase in forest density. These results emphasize the capacity of local institutions to organize and cooperate even in extremely vulnerable situations, building trust and reciprocity for sustainable forest use and management.
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Kalogiannidis, Stavros, Dimitrios Kalfas, Efstratios Loizou e Fotios Chatzitheodoridis. "Forestry Bioeconomy Contribution on Socioeconomic Development: Evidence from Greece". Land 11, n. 12 (27 novembre 2022): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122139.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forests are of utmost importance for sustainability because of their ongoing contributions to biodiversity protection, fertility management in agricultural areas, and the well-being of people. However, few studies have focused on the extent to which the bioeconomy of forests impacts a country’s social and economic development. This study aimed to examine the bioeconomy contribution of forestry to social and economic development using Greece as a case study. Data was collected from 312 professionals in the forestry and finance sectors of Greece using a survey questionnaire. Forests are associated with direct and indirect contributions that impact human livelihood and contribute toward a country’s economic development. However, the role of forestry in development is affected by policy-related and human-made challenges. The difficulties are primarily caused by shifts in how economic activity is distributed from the agricultural to the industrial to the service sectors, different government policies intended to increase forest cover, and in other instances, as a result of the role of global capital and trade. The forestry contributions to global commerce, national economies, employment, and family incomes remain consistent throughout all these patterns of loss, stabilization, and recovery. It was established that the bioeconomy can increase the benefits of forests by further exploiting forest wealth (biomass, resins) with the direct and indirect benefits for forest-related societies and local economies. In addition, the management and exploitation of forests by adopting bioeconomy practices, allows the attainment of important skills, knowledge, and new fields of entrepreneurship.
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Dinis, Ana, André Carvalho e Liliana Pereira. "Forest Protection Tax Policy in the Context of Portuguese Societies". RPER, n. 68 (15 maggio 2024): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.59072/rper.vi68.584.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article aims to study the fiscal incentives for forest protection in Portugal. Understanding the reality of this fiscal policy is fundamental in the context of sustainable forest management. After reviewing the literature focused on the importance of the forest as an essential asset to meet human needs, the Portuguese tax regime in this area is analysed. This is followed by a study of tax incentives for Forest Intervention Areas (FIA) and Forest Management Plans (FMP) in the Portuguese business context in the period 2015-2020. The main results of the research show that companies connected to the sector have become more aware of the importance of adopting more sustainable practices, by adhering to these tax benefits over time, showing the role of environmental tax policy in the sustainable growth of the economic tissue. The results show that the number of beneficiary companies is reduced compared to the total number of companies operating in the forestry sector in Portugal, also verifying that most of these companies are concentrated in a small number of municipalities, some of which have no ZIF. Ther is still important work to be done with a view to greater dissemination of the tax benefits under study.
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Jeanrichard, Stéphane. "Bois de l'Hôpital, une réserve forestière à interventions particulières | «Le Bois de l'Hôpital»: a forest reserve for special intervention". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 157, n. 7 (1 luglio 2006): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2006.0271.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Within the framework of its sustainable development policy(Agenda 21), the city of Neuchâtel has created a number of forest reserves among others «le Bois de l'Hôpital», which covers an area of roughly 100 ha and is destined for special intervention. The perimeters of the woods consist of a rich mosaic of rare plant societies including very special forest stands (oak groves, various deciduous species and European black pine resulting from earlier afforestation). The absence of exploitation has led to a strong densification of certain massifs and the disappearance of a dry lawn in the «garides». First tending measures and the opening of clearings between 2002 and 2005 have been very beneficial to the diversity of flora and fauna,especially the insects.
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Rosenberg, Danny, Ehud Galili e Dafna Langgut. "The Unseen Record: Ninth–Seventh Millennia Cal. BP Wooden and Basketry Objects from Submerged Settlements off the Carmel Coast, Israel". Forests 14, n. 12 (5 dicembre 2023): 2373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14122373.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Wood and basketry artefacts rarely survive in the prehistoric record since they require exceptional conditions for preservation; as a result, the current knowledge about when and how prehistoric societies used these basic organic raw materials is limited. Focusing on the southern Levant, we discuss for the first time a collection of 16 late prehistoric organic artefacts found in underwater research conducted in the last forty years off the coast of the Carmel Ridge (Israel). The waterlogged finds, including bowls, shafts, a wedge, a trough, a pitchfork, logs, a mat, and a basket, were found at sites spanning from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Middle Chalcolithic periods (ninth–seventh millennia cal. BP), constituting an unprecedented record of prehistoric wood and other perishable materials, providing us with new information about raw material preferences and manufacturing technologies.
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Winzeler, Klemens. "Die überbetriebliche forstliche Planung im Kanton Glarus | All-encompassing forestry planning in the canton of Glarus". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 153, n. 7 (1 luglio 2002): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2002.0253.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forestry planning in the canton of Glarus, taking in all forest enterprises, is based on three important pillars: the cantonal forest plan (forest development plan), the cantonal forest inventory, and the mapping of forest societies. The forest plan shows individually weighted forest functions, the corresponding goals and general measures. To a certain degree the plan is the mission statement of the forest. Plant sociological site mapping is an important starting point to eliminate certain functions of the forest (yield and welfare functions). Based on previous company inventories, a cantonal forest inventory is taking shape that will provide information on the structure, composition, as well as the condition and development of the forest. In order to optimise expenditure the density of the sample plots has been reduced by a third (i.e. one per 9 ha instead of the original 3 ha) and a changeover to a cluster with six sample plots has been put into place. Random checks are to be continued and samplings supplemented with the evaluation of the stability and surveys of young forest stands. Preliminary results are positive. Control samplings will be taken in order to ensure quality.
23
Raum, Susanne. "Land-use legacies of twentieth-century forestry in the UK: a perspective". Landscape Ecology 35, n. 12 (26 settembre 2020): 2713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01126-1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Context Complex interactions between societies and their environment have shaped landscapes across Europe over centuries. Therefore, taking a historical perspective can be important when designing new forestry policy and management activities. Objectives This perspective aims to improve our appreciation of how a better historical understanding of landscapes can increase our understanding of current conditions and inform current and future policy and practice. I provide a perspective on land-use legacies and forest change, with a particular emphasis on landscapes, and using the example of forestry in the United Kingdom. Methods For this purpose, I undertook a comprehensive review of scholarly forestry literature and of relevant policy and legal documents in the UK, covering the last 100 years. Results This brief review of the dynamics of forest landscapes in the UK over the last 100 years, shows that certain decisions, policies and management activities had major effects on the landscape, especially in terms of landscape patterns and species distribution, constraining it until today. Historic research investigated some of these legacies, leading to real change in policy and management, including a Broadleaved Policy, an Ancient Woodland Inventory, habitat restoration, habitat network and rewilding schemes. Research on past experiences of Dutch Elm disease in the UK and of similar outbreaks in other countries have guided responses to today’s tree pest/disease outbreaks and plant trade decisions. Conclusion A better appreciation of past decisions and activities, especially in forestry, helps to anticipate landscape legacy effects and potential cross-scale interactions of new policies and practices. It may also help to better justify and negotiate new decisions and long-term planning among multiple actors.
24
Lampugnani, Vittorio Magnago. "Die Konstruktion von Natur – Central Park neu besichtigt | The Construction of Nature – Central Park Revisited". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, n. 8 (1 agosto 2005): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0288.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the first half of the 19th century scientific philosophers in the United States, such as Emerson and Thoreau, began to pursue the relationship between man and nature. Painters from the Hudson River School discovered the rural spaces to the north of New York and began to celebrate the American landscape in their paintings. In many places at this time garden societies were founded, which generated widespread support for the creation of park enclosures While the first such were cemeteries with the character of parks, housing developments on the peripheries of towns were later set in generous park landscapes. However, the centres of the growing American cities also need green spaces and the so-called «park movement»reached a first high point with New York's Central Park. It was not only an experimental field for modern urban elements, but even today is a force of social cohesion.
25
Faluyi, Marvellous Oluwaferanmi, e Sibel Irmak. "Northeastern American Forests: Natural Disturbances, Climate Change Impact, and the Utilization of Increasingly Damaged Forest Trees for Biofuel Production". Forests 14, n. 12 (11 dicembre 2023): 2409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14122409.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forests and forestry-related industries and ecosystem services play a critical role in the daily life of all societies, including in cultural, ecological, social, economic, and environmental aspects. Globally, there are about 4.1 billion hectares of forestland. In the United States, there are about 304 million hectares of forestland, covering about 34% of the total land area, and the forest product industry produces over USD 200 billion worth of forestry products annually. Evidence suggests these precious resources may be negatively impacted by climate change via direct and indirect processes, including wildfires, insect/pest pressure, drought, extreme storm events, increased air temperature, solar radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and other factors and variables that can be detrimental. All these can not only cause significant changes in the health and productivity of the forests, but can also cause the extinction, migration, and/or re-distribution of different tree species. Thus, humankind has the paramount responsibility to take policy, technologic, economic, environmental, and management decisions and actions to protect this vital resource for current and future generations, plants, and animals. This paper provides an overview of some of the important characteristics of forest environmental services, climate–environment–forest interactions with respect to forest health and productivity, climate change’s impacts on forest species, and the utilization of forest biomass for high-value products.
26
Verma, Rakhi. "Environmental Degradation in the Nepalese Society: An Eco-Critical Approach". European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, n. 4 (5 luglio 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2023.3.4.471.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper aims to explore the direct or indirect link between the patriarchal Nepalese society and the degradation of Nepal’s forestry and environment. The males of Nepal have been dominating and disrespecting women as the inferior sex for centuries, and thereby treating natural resourses as feminine, weak to be manipulated and consumed objectively for their benefits. The research tool taken to carry out the research is eco-feminism. To notice the relationship between gender and natural resources of Nepal, the theoretical concerns of such eco-feminist critics as Greta Gaard and Vandana Shiva are chiefly focused on. The Nepalese society, like most of the South-Asian societies, is a male-dominated society. It exploits both women and nature regarding them to be inferior. The chief finding is that the natural resources of Nepal such as air, water, green fields, climate, land, forestry, minerals, environment, and the species of Nepal have been getting threatened because of the Nepalese patriarchal society. The Nepali people exploit nature as carelessly as they have been exploiting women. It is assumed that the research scholars interested in exploring Nepalese society from the perspective of eco-feminism can take the article as a reference.
27
ANGWAFO, TSI Evaristus, e KEMKIA Christian DANERNYUY. "ADOPTION OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE AND ANALOG FORESTRY IN BUI DIVISION, NORTHWEST REGION, CAMEROON". International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies 4, n. 3 (15 giugno 2020): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v4.i3.2020.83.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Analogue forestry involves blending traditional knowledge and science to recover and valorise indigenous knowledge, creating systems that are familiar to traditional societies and meet the needs of contemporary forest-dependent communities. Conservation agriculture is based the principles of minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover and crop rotations so as to achieve sustainable and profitable agriculture and improve farmers ‘livelihoods. Every farmer is a researcher, who experiments every season on his or her farm. Farmers who find something that works are likely to repeat it the next season, and to tell their friends about it. This study set out to examined the extent of the adoption of conservation agriculture (CA) and analog forestry (AF) in Bui, the sociocultural and economic benefits of these agricultural methodologies to the population. Feld observations, interviews and the administration of questionnaires was the methodology used. The data were analysed descriptively and by simple statistical techniques using SPSS. The findings posits that CA and AF have been greatly adopted thanks to the farmers, government and NGOs/CIGS in Bui Division. The adoption of these strategies have contributed at improving the socio-cultural, economic and environmental conditions of the people. Finally, the study concludes that there has been 81% adoption of CA and 61% adoption of AF which has significantly benefited the population through increase in source of income, environmental protection and drop in cost of production.
28
Rametsteiner, Ewald, Anton Aldrian, Anja Bauer, Winfried Eberl, Walter Sekot, Susanne Wagner e Gerhard Weiss. "Austria". Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 1, Special Edition 1 (1 febbraio 2005): 17–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2005-0012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In Austria, per capita consumption of wood products is comparatively high and has increased considerably during the last decades. One reason is the high apparent consumption of wood by Austrian intermediary products producers. It is also an effect of an increasingly wood friendly culture in wood construction, a society that has overall positive attitude to wood as a material, amongst others. Consumption of wood products is to some parts dependent on the image of these products in the eyes of consumers, especially vis-à-vis substitution products. Here, the shift to urban societies, technological developments and competitive behaviour of substitute producers have for some time left wood with a not-so-favourable image of being old-fashioned. Recent PR campaigns have successfully tackled this problem. The fact that Austria has a diverse landscape ranging from plains to high alpine regions creates a wide range of recreational, environmental and protective services. However, these are generally not exploited on a commercial basis but embedded in legal and customary rights and often provided by the state.
29
Costa, Lucemeire da Silva, e Vilmar José Borges. "EDUCAÇÃO: NOVOS ESPAÇOS DE CONHECIMENTO E DESAFIOS DA CONTEMPORANEIDADE". Caminhos de Geografia 2, n. 3 (15 giugno 2001): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/rcg2315257.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Modern societies have been through deep and fast changes in very different fields.
Such changes are due to this so called Third Scientific Technological Revolution, which
accelerates the production and dissemination of new knowledge. It is within this context that Education has to find ways to contribute and transform reality as a whole, providing citizens with alternatives that can indicate how to promote changes in reality. Having in mind what was exposed, this article aims at analyzing these ways of transformation, pointing out new opportunities of konwledge production, which can construct a meaningful process of education.
30
Dhakal, Bhubaneswor, Narendra Chand, Him Lal Shrestha, Anita Shrestha, Nischal Dhakal, Bikash Adhikari, Shyam Krishna Shrestha, Krishna Bahadur Karki e Padam Bhandari. "Paradoxes of Aggravated Vulnerability, Marginalization, and Peril of Forest-Based Communities after Increasing Conservative Forest and Protected Areas in Nepal: A Policy Lesson on Land-Based Climate Change Mitigation". World 3, n. 3 (8 agosto 2022): 544–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world3030030.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many measures of international policies and support have dictated developing countries to upscale land areas of intact forestry, special biodiversity conservation site, and other wild reserves to half the land territory of the nation by 2050 for resulting environmental, and other benefits to global societies. The international initiations and work urged scholars to assess the potential impacts of the aggressive policy on forest-based communities and especially those living in institutionally and geo ecologically vulnerable areas. This study compiled the impacts of such international policy interventions on diverse affairs of the local community and national economies in Nepal and drew some conclusions on the well-being future of such forest-based communities. It explained that the international interventions in managing community-based resources induced serious disturbances in many local systems and resulted in vicious circles of emigration, income losses, social problems, psychological stresses, and food insecurities. The interventions have placed some communities and especially endogenous ethnic groups in the position either to be displaced from their ancestors’ homelands or suffer for generations. This study also explained some reinforcing phenomena that emerged from the external interventions which have placed situations of the resource impacting local communities adversely for years. It also investigated whether support of international agencies in policy formation and implementation for resource management safeguards the well-being of the resource-based communities. The agencies resulted in the best environmental and other benefits to foreign societies which have aggravated the misery of local communities, particularly the poor people, women, and indigenous ethnic communities. The adverse impacts on the societies are not repercussions (accidentally or unknowingly happened). All these findings infer that the international policies of upscaling forests and wilderness areas or making conservation areas in half of their land territory, especially in developing societies for the global benefit, may place the lives of the forest-based communities in peril of suffering for generations or extirpating.
31
Di Cori, Viola, Nicolas Robert, Cristiano Franceschinis, Davide Matteo Pettenella e Mara Thiene. "Framework Proposal to Quantify the Contribution of Non-Wood Forest Products to the European Union Forest-Based Bioeconomy". Forests 13, n. 3 (22 febbraio 2022): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13030362.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forest ecosystems provide numerous services that contribute to the wellbeing of societies. However, the lack of knowledge about the benefits of non-wood forest ecosystem services, such as non-wood forest products (NWFPs), hinders efficient forest policy decision-making processes. This study proposes a new extension of the Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs) to capture both the private and the social component of NWFPs. By means of a literature review, we show how extended SAMs can be a suitable approach to explain the causal relationship between the supply of forest ecosystem services, forest-based value chains, and the European bioeconomy. The literature analysis shows that the number of research studies calibrating or using SAMs has been increasing over the last decades. Recent extensions of the SAMs made it possible to evaluate the relationship between human wellbeing and the environment. Moreover, we found applications to the forest sector (limited to timber) and to the supply of some non-wood ecosystem services. We believe the extended SAMs will support decision-makers to design forest strategies that properly account for the benefits NWFPs provide to both the economy and the society.
32
Hajdarević, Dženana. "Forest Detection Using Avaliable Landsat Satellite Imagery in Bosnia and Herzegovina". Geodetski glasnik, n. 49 (31 dicembre 2018): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.58817/2233-1786.2018.52.49.92.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It is apparent devastation of forest resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina in different ways. Surveyors employed in forest management societies and Forestry administrations of different levels of government witnesses this difficult problem. Methods and techniques of remote sensing, as a new discipline in the surveying, enable automatic data processing - getting reliable (space and time) of information that is the basis for efficient and effective forest management. The proceedings of the implied classification and interpretation of satellite images were used satellite images from two periods (1987 and 2013). These images are processed in software ArcGIS 10.2. and eCognition Developer, the results are displayed in map form. By analyzing the results - processed satellite images (high accuracy in this class of images), it was concluded that it is possible to analyze the shape of the forests.
33
Bobiec, Andrzej, Agata Ćwik, Agata Gajdek, Tomasz Wójcik e Maria Ziaja. "Between Pocket Forest Wilderness and Restored Rural Arcadia: Optimizing the Use of a Feral Woodland Enclave in Urban Environment". Forests 12, n. 9 (30 agosto 2021): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12091173.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An eight-hectare forest reserve in the centre of the metropolitan area in SE Poland was investigated for the effects of its management in relation to its purpose—protection of old Quercus robur L. trees. This local issue corresponds to a wider debate on the role of urban forests in contemporary societies. The study embraced (1) oak stand history—stand mapping and dendrochronology, historical maps’ analysis; (2) vegetation trends—undergrowth and ground layer analysis; and (3) visitors’ opinions on the reserve’s use—interview. The dendroecological analysis corroborates the landscape’s history emerging from the 1700s–1900s maps. The reserve is a feral park established in the early 1900s on the abandoned agricultural, partly wooded landscape. Under the current regime, shade-tolerant trees continue gaining advantage over older oaks, preventing their regeneration, whilst the herb layer, due to the reserve’s isolation remains poor and polluted by alien species. The non-intervention approach does not allow the reserve’s objective to be met. We recommend the restoration of features of semi-open silvopastoral landscape. This would correspond with both local eco-history and the dominating preference of the interviewed visitors. Such “bio-cultural refugia” should become key knowledge centres of the natural, cultural, and economic importance of the “working rural landscape”, fostering urban care for the countryside.
34
Perdoch, Waldemar, Mateusz Benc e Bartłomiej Mazela. "Wood from Field Tests as a Model for Assessing the Suitability of Post-Consumer Wood". Forests 15, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2023): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15010080.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The circular economy forces societies to take actions aimed at giving post-consumer products a “second life”. As we know, wood is perfect for this. Moreover, reusing wood helps keep carbon in circulation, thus limiting its emissions into the atmosphere. It turns out that extensive research on determining the durability of wood is very useful and valuable for one more reason. Well, they can be used to create a model to determine the usefulness of wood, which has only apparently lost its utility value during many years of exposure to external factors. The research subject was samples of wood impregnated with protection agents and modified, originating from many years of field tests. The aim of the research was to correlate the results of wood durability determined after a period of exposure in open space with the results of determining the potential usefulness of such wood. On this basis, a model for determining the value of post-consumer wood was created. As a main result of post-consumer wood analysis, the high durabilities against C. puteana with mass loss below 3% were noticed for acetylated, furfurylated, and CCA-treated wood. Moreover, high color stabilities (ΔE < 10) were observed for thermowood and furfurylated wood.
35
Ngome Chisika, Sylvester, e Chunho Yeom. "The Key Factors Affecting Tree Producer Associations Involved in Private Commercial Forestry in Kenya". Sustainability 12, n. 10 (14 maggio 2020): 4013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Formal tree producer associations are critical for the sustainable management of private commercial farm forests in Kenya. However, there is limited information on their current status and the key factors driving their operations in the country. This paper sought to address this informational gap by reviewing the existing literature in the country from the theoretical background of sustainable development and later validating the obtained findings with the current state of knowledge at regional and global levels. Results from document content analysis indicate that there are over 10,000 tree growing farmers organized into planting groups across the country after many years of piloting by the government and private sector players. At the national level, there are two associations. These include Kenya Forest Growers Association (KEFGA), mainly composed of large scale planters, and Farm Forestry Smallholder Producers Association of Kenya (FFSPAK), targeting small-holders. Besides these two, six major sub-national associations are seeking to improve members' welfare by enhancing the acquisition of livelihood assets. Further, various socio-cultural, economic, and political factors affect their operations in Kenya. These associations have deployed multiple strategies to benefit their members. However, the formation of savings and credit cooperative societies (SACCOs) seems to be their preferred mode of community empowerment. In conclusion, even though these associations are still at the infancy stage, their future remains promising in-view of the observed behavioral change in their governance, which appears to favor entrenched equality and equity towards sustainable development.
36
Pokharel, K., R. Karki, H. R. Ojha, P. Gentle, D. Acharya, M. Banjade e D. Paudel. "State-community relations and deliberative politics within federal forest governance in Nepal". International Forestry Review 22, n. 3 (1 settembre 2020): 370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554820830405609.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite widespread participatory governance reforms in the forest sector in Nepal, how forest administration can be re-organised at multiple levels to enable community based forest management remains unexplored. Forest governance reforms in Nepal have involved numerous forms of collaboration and contestation between the state agencies and community-based forest stakeholders in the rapidly evolving federalist political context. Analysing an empirical case of community forestry in Nepal, this paper shows how state agencies and communities interact in the process of controlling and managing forest resources. It is argued in the paper that instituting deliberative processes in multi-level governance structure is a key to the functioning of a well-devolved forest governance. With the nation already adopting a new federal system of governance, it is crucial to clearly define the authorities of the federal, provincial and local level administrations. We also argue that the need for creating institutions and spaces for deliberative engagement between forest dependent community groups and the public administration is at an all-time high for achieving accountability and more effective forest governance. The future of Nepal's forestry and people living around forest resources depend to a large extent on how powers are shared by different levels of governments, and how these governments interact with one another, and with people and civil societies in their respective domains of governance.
37
Gingerich, Jon, e Ole Hendrickson. "The theory of energy return on investment: A case study of whole tree chipping for biomass in Prince Edward Island". Forestry Chronicle 69, n. 3 (1 giugno 1993): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc69300-3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Industrial societies consume vast quantities of fossil fuel resources; the carbon dioxide released when these fuels are combusted is a major concern because of global warming. "Energy Return On Investment" (EROI) is the ratio of energy gain from a resource relative to the energy invested to achieve that gain. EROI analysis shows that the net energy available from fossil fuels decreases as resources are depleted, encouraging a transition to renewable resources which will not be depleted under sustainable management. Renewable resources can reduce net contributions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere; however, many sources of renewable energy require fossil fuel inputs into their production process. EROI analysis can also be used to determine renewable energy sources with the greatest energy gain, relative to the fossil fuel investment required to achieve that gain.One renewable source of energy with considerable potential for expansion in Canada is wood biomass. A case study of whole tree chipping (WTC) in Prince Edward Island revealed an EROI ratio of wood chip energy gained relative to fuel energy invested of 26.7:1. The major factor affecting the EROI for WTC was transport of the chips to the burning facilities: distance and load size were important components that should be considered when designing new burning facilities. There are some benefits and disadvantages of WTC not captured by EROI analysis that also need to be considered.
38
Výbošťok, Jozef, Lenka Navrátilová, Zuzana Dobšinská, Bianka Dúbravská, Blanka Giertliová, Patrik Aláč, Miroslav Suja e Jaroslav Šálka. "Bioeconomy perception by students of different study programs – study from Slovakia". Central European Forestry Journal 68, n. 2 (9 maggio 2022): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forj-2021-0025.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The paper builds on previous international research done by Masiero et al. (2020). It applies on Slovak national level and expands the previous study with different study programs. The societal transformation towards bioeconomy provides an opportunity for changing current economy and societies into more sustainable ones with mitigation of the environmental pressures at hearts. Such societal transition requires involvement of all stakeholders in bio-economy discussion and decision-making process and studying their perceptions of bioeconomy. Amongst all the stakeholders, future generation is particularly important, as it is important to understand bioeconomy perception by the generation of stakeholders that will manage this area in the near future. For that reason, we focus our attention on students of three bioeconomy related areas at the Technical University in Zvolen (forestry studies, wood processing studies and natural resources management studies). We were able to identify significant differences in bioeconomy perception between analyzed categories. The familiarity with the concept is quite high, as more then two thirds have heard about bioeconomy before the survey was conducted. As the main information sources were selected news, university courses and social media. The study program had a greater impact on perceived importance of forests within bioeconomy than the type of study. Overall, students perceive development of forest-based bioeconomy as favouring sustainable forest management.
39
Chen, Xuexue, Ye Tian, Change Zheng e Xiaodong Liu. "AutoST-Net: A Spatiotemporal Feature-Driven Approach for Accurate Forest Fire Spread Prediction from Remote Sensing Data". Forests 15, n. 4 (17 aprile 2024): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15040705.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forest fires, as severe natural disasters, pose significant threats to ecosystems and human societies, and their spread is characterized by constant evolution over time and space. This complexity presents an immense challenge in predicting the course of forest fire spread. Traditional methods of forest fire spread prediction are constrained by their ability to process multidimensional fire-related data, particularly in the integration of spatiotemporal information. To address these limitations and enhance the accuracy of forest fire spread prediction, we proposed the AutoST-Net model. This innovative encoder–decoder architecture combines a three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (3DCNN) with a transformer to effectively capture the dynamic local and global spatiotemporal features of forest fire spread. The model also features a specially designed attention mechanism that works to increase predictive precision. Additionally, to effectively guide the firefighting work in the southwestern forest regions of China, we constructed a forest fire spread dataset, including forest fire status, weather conditions, terrain features, and vegetation status based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Himawari-8 satellite. On this dataset, compared to the CNN-LSTM combined model, AutoST-Net exhibits performance improvements of 5.06% in MIou and 6.29% in F1-score. These results demonstrate the superior performance of AutoST-Net in the task of forest fire spread prediction from remote sensing images.
40
Krisna, Puri Swastika Gusti, Imanuel Eko Anggun e Fajar Nurcahyo. "Death and Grief in Indonesian Culture During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 11 (2024): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.411461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p class="Abstract">The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to
societies worldwide, imposing unprecedented restrictions on the way people
grieve and commemorate their departed loved ones. In the context of Indonesia,
a country renowned for its rich and expressive cultural and religious mourning
practices, these restrictions have profound implications. This study explores
the intricate relationship between death, grief, and the limitations imposed by
pandemic-related protocols within Indonesian religious culture. Indonesia’s
diverse cultural landscape encompasses a myriad of religious traditions and
religious rituals that offer solace and support during times of loss. However,
stringent safety measures, including restrictions on funerals and burial
practices, have disrupted these customs. This paper delves into the emotional
and psychological impact of these restrictions on the Indonesian population,
examining the tension between the deep-rooted religious and cultural practices
surrounding death and mourning, and the necessity of adhering to public health
measures. The results of this study unveil the silent sorrows experienced by
Indonesians, who have been forced to adapt their grieving process. It explores
the innovative ways in which individuals and communities have sought to
maintain their religious and cultural identities while adhering to pandemic
protocols. Furthermore, it reflects the resilience and adaptability of
Indonesian society in the face of unprecedented challenges. By shedding light
on this unique intersection of religious and cultural traditions, pandemic
restrictions, and grief, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of
how societies cope with losses during times of crisis. It emphasises the
importance of preserving religious-cultural identity and mental well-being even
amidst adversity and calls for a more nuanced approach to pandemic management
that respects the cultural tapestry of a nation while safeguarding public health.<o:p></o:p></p>
41
Rajoo, Keeren Sundara, Daljit Singh Karam e Nor Akmar Abdul Aziz. "Developing an effective forest therapy program to manage academic stress in conservative societies: A multi-disciplinary approach". Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 43 (luglio 2019): 126353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.05.015.
Testo completo
42
Dimopoulos, Panayotis, e Ioannis P. Kokkoris. "Protection and Management of Species, Habitats, Ecosystems and Landscapes: Current Trends and Global Needs". Forests 11, n. 12 (25 novembre 2020): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121244.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Human well-being and the prerequisite sustainable environmental management are currently at stake, reaching a bottleneck when trying to cope with (i) the ever-growing world population, (ii) the constantly increasing need for natural resources (and the subsequent overexploitation of species, habitats, ecosystems, and landscapes) and (iii) the documented and on-going impacts of climate change. In developed societies, the concern about environmental protection is set high in the public dialogue, as well as to management and policy agendas. The recently constituted Intergovernmental Science—Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) urges transformative changes for technological, economic, and social factors aiming to tackle both direct and indirect drivers of biodiversity loss. By this, the role of conservation and management practices for the environment is characterized as a crucial and top issue and should deal with (a) promoting best practices from the local to the global level, (b) identifying spatial and temporal knowledge gaps, (c) multidisciplinary aspects for sustainable management practices, (d) identifying and interpreting the role of stakeholders and socio-economic parameters in the decision-making process, and (e) methods and practices to integrate the concept of ecosystem services into natural capital assessment and accounting, conservation and management strategies. Modern literature highlights that land-use change and prioritization, restoration of natural areas, cultural landscape identification and maintenance, should be considered to the top of the scientific and policy agenda, as well as to the epicenter of novel awareness-raising strategies for the environment in the near future.
43
Pedroza-Arceo, Norma M., Norbert Weber e Alejandro Ortega-Argueta. "A Knowledge Review on Integrated Landscape Approaches". Forests 13, n. 2 (14 febbraio 2022): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020312.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Holistic and multi-transdisciplinary approaches, where multiple goals are achieved in order to improve resilience in societies and ecosystems in the short, medium, and long term, are ideal, even utopian. Hence, science has come together with practical experiences that highlight the importance of working at a ‘landscape’ level. Landscapes, as socio-ecological systems, are key for sustainability and sustainable development, and they represent a realistic unit to interconnect local, national, and ultimately global scales. International efforts regarding holistic natural resources management approaches are not new; however, they are currently pointing to an Integrated Landscape Approach (ILA). Based on a documentation review and analysis, the present article review aims to promote the disambiguation of the ILA concept and provide an updated synthesis knowledge on the ILA. Especially for the forest sector, the ILA has been identified as particularly beneficial, strongly highlighted by the scientific literature, and with an infrastructure of organizations that are encouraging it. The paper presents the rationale of the science behind the concept, as well as the main principles, we identified a variety of definitions with some significant points of overlap, we highlight the inclusion of ILAs in the current international arena and the relationship of ILA’s and Jurisdictional Approaches, and we make a review of the ILA in a challenging world of rapid change. Our review recognizes ILAs socio-ecological management strategy to reconcile conservation, development, climate change, and human well-being goals. ILAs naturally have a social and idealistic construction behind it, which might be just as necessary andsignificant as the journey toward sustainability itself.
44
Guo, Xiao, Yichao Cao e Tongxin Hu. "An Efficient and Lightweight Detection Model for Forest Smoke Recognition". Forests 15, n. 1 (21 gennaio 2024): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15010210.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Massive wildfires have become more frequent, seriously threatening the Earth’s ecosystems and human societies. Recognizing smoke from forest fires is critical to extinguishing them at an early stage. However, edge devices have low computational accuracy and suboptimal real-time performance. This limits model inference and deployment. In this paper, we establish a forest smoke database and propose a model for efficient and lightweight forest smoke detection based on YOLOv8. Firstly, to improve the feature fusion capability in forest smoke detection, we fuse a simple yet efficient weighted feature fusion network into the neck of YOLOv8. This also greatly optimizes the number of parameters and computational load of the model. Then, the simple and parametric-free attention mechanism (SimAM) is introduced to address the problem of forest smoke dataset images that may contain complex background and environmental disturbances. The detection accuracy of the model is improved, and no additional parameters are introduced. Finally, we introduce focal modulation to increase the attention to the hard-to-detect smoke and improve the running speed of the model. The experimental results show that the mean average precision of the improved model is 90.1%, which is 3% higher than the original model. The number of parameters and the computational complexity of the model are 7.79 MB and 25.6 GFLOPs (giga floating-point operations per second), respectively, which are 30.07% and 10.49% less than those of the unimproved YOLOv8s. This model is significantly better than other mainstream models in the self-built forest smoke detection dataset, and it also has great potential in practical application scenarios.
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Shafti, Saeed Shoja. "Preconditions of Analysis: An Appraisal of Interconnected Rational Dynamics". Psychology and Mental Health Care 4, n. 3 (12 giugno 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/078.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sluggish or lumpy progression of psychoanalysis or other insight-oriented psychotherapies, in opposite to non-analytical techniques, in unindustrialized societies or traditional nations, during the first decades of present century, in spite of availability of main references or resources, may suggest an exact rational or cognitive foundation, other than well-known socioeconomic explanations.
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Panda, B. K., e Sukanta Sarkar. "Shifting Cultivation in North-East India: Growth and Progress". Dera Natung Government College Research Journal 2, n. 1 (2017): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.56405/dngcrj.2017.02.01.07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The agricultural production systems in the hilly areas differ from the plough cultivation in the plain areas. The term shifting cultivation refers to a certain method of farming. In this particular method, land is widely used to cultivate crops for a few years, then allowed to lie fallow for several years after which it is reused again. Shifting cultivation is said to be one of the unsustainable land uses contributing significantly to environmental degradation. Across South and Southeast Asia, a large number of people depend fully or partly on shifting cultivation for their livelihood and food security. In the Himalayan region of the north east, the agricultural practice of shifting cultivation also known as jhum cultivation or rotational agro-forestry, prevalent since prehistoric times, is being carried out by traditional tribal societies even today. The objective of this paper is to study the growth and progress of shifting cultivations in North-Eastern India.
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Llera, Francisco, Angeles López-Nórez e Aurora Irma Máynez Guaderrama. "Tourism for the elder, post-globalization, and transition: Mexico and the world, 2020–2050". Terr Plural 16 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/terraplural.v.16.2217513.004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main goal of this paper is to identify the new patterns that tourism will assume due to demographic changes to be experienced by the Mexican and other societies during the next three decades. Through a Qualitative Approach, the main source of information was obtained by comparative assessments of academic and periodical data enriched by the conduction of personal interviews with decision-makers involved in Tourism both in Mexico and in the United States. The document points out that the main factors that will undoubtedly change the tourist activity are, in addition to the process of population aging, the conditions of inequality generated by the globalization model, and the effects of the COVID -19 pandemic. The results suggest that tourism will face the challenge of reinventing itself, turning towards the local-regional and toward the elder segment of the population leaving behind the massive ingredients that tourism prioritized during the rise of the globalization model.
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Hamid, Imron Rosyadi, e Aji Said Muhammad Iqbal Fajri. "The Contributions of Nahdlatul Ulama to World Peace: A Taxonomy Literature Review". Dialektika : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial 9, n. 1 (1 marzo 2024): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36636/dialektika.v9i1.3981.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Entering a century after its establishment, it goes without saying that Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has significantly contributed to World Peace through its engagements in societies, ranging from the promotion of moderate values to addressing conflicts in many countries. However, some empirical phenomena, especially when it was carried out by a faith-based entity, often get portrayed differently in academic settings. How do NU’s contributions to World Peace get incorporated into academic discourse? Using the taxonomy method, this article aims to analyze the contributions of NU to World Peace in the existing academic literature. It maps the consensus and ongoing debate on how NU exert its influence for peace and divides the literature into four taxonomical themes; (1) norm dissemination;(2) international diplomacy and peace-brokering; (3) education practices, and; (4) political practices. This paper concludes that NU’s contributions are widely recognized in academic discourse, but some gaps still need to be addressed in further research
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Deegen, Peter. "Zum Holzangebot nicht industrieller privater Waldeigentümer | Concerning timber supply of non-industrial private forest owners". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 159, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2008): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2008.0416.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper presents deductive-mathematical analyses regarding short and long-term timber supply of non-industrial private forest owners using several papers of Tahvonen and Tahvonen et al. With the help of an intertemporal dynamic consumer model based on the Faustmann tradition, the effects of utility in situ, non-forest income and credit rationing are investigated: The higher the utility in situ and the non-forest income, the higher is the quantity of the long-term timber supply and the lower the quantity of short-term timber supply. The higher the timber price and the market interest rate, the lower the quantity of the long-term timber supply and the higher the quantity of short-term timber supply. Credit rationing leads to essential modifications of those results. The found results also differ strongly from analyses of the pure case of intertemporal profit maximizers. In the second part inductive-empirical studies concerning timber supply of non-industrial private forest owners are presented as well. Reference is made to two papers with review characteristics in which cases from North America and Scandinavia are analysed. In the third part the results of the two different methods are compared and the relations of these two methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the fact that deduction shall not equalize theory and the inductive-empirical method shall not be synonym for reality or practice. Instead inductive-empirical research is also theory. Finally it is explained that the low quantity of short-term timber supply by non-industrial private forest owners is not a result of market failure but of a more complex competition among the different usages of forests that emerged in modern societies.
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Pawlik, Łukasz, Janusz Godziek e Łukasz Zawolik. "Forest Damage by Extra-Tropical Cyclone Klaus-Modeling and Prediction". Forests 13, n. 12 (25 novembre 2022): 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13121991.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Windstorms may have negative consequences on forest ecosystems, industries, and societies. Extreme events related to extra-tropical cyclonic systems remind us that better recognition and understanding of the factors driving forest damage are needed for more efficient risk management and planning. In the present study, we statistically modelled forest damage caused by the windstorm Klaus in south-west France. This event occurred on 24 January 2009 and caused severe damage to maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest stands. We aimed at isolating the best potential predictors that can help to build better predictive models of forest damage. We applied the random forest (RF) technique to find the best classifiers of the forest damage binary response variable. Five-fold spatial block cross-validation, repeated five times, and forward feature selection (FFS) were applied to the control for model over-fitting. In addition, variable importance (VI) and accumulated local effect (ALE) plots were used as model performance metrics. The best RF model was used for spatial prediction and forest damage probability mapping. The ROC AUC of the best RF model was 0.895 and 0.899 for the training and test set, respectively, while the accuracy of the RF model was 0.820 for the training and 0.837 for the test set. The FFS allowed us to isolate the most important predictors, which were the distance from the windstorm trajectory, soil sand fraction content, the MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the wind exposure index (WEI). In general, their influence on the forest damage probability was positive for a wide range of the observed values. The area of applicability (AOA) confirmed that the RF model can be used to construct a probability map for almost the entire study area.