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1
Lin, Wing-cheong, e 連永昌. "Loan words and code-mixing in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26758994.
Testo completo
2
Yeung, Hong-ting, e 楊康婷. "A study of loan words in Chinese language in Hong Kong =". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30433083.
Testo completo
3
Kuya, Aimi. "Diffusion of western loanwords in contemporary Japanese : a sociolinguistic approach to lexical variation". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:99db8ff0-9ba9-4859-8f4a-2890544021de.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present research attempts to develop a general model of the diffusion of Western loanwords in contemporary Japanese within the variationist framework. It describes and predicts, based on empirical evidence from apparent- and real-time data, the elaborate process of changes in favor of loanwords as opposed to their existing native equivalents. First, people's self-reporting shows a consistent tendency for a younger generation to show a stronger preference for loanwords than an elder one. This indicates changes in favor of loanwords are in progress in apparent time (Chapter 4). Second, the above-mentioned age gradient is attested to by corpus-based data. It also reveals that the occurrence of loanwords is accounted for multi-dimensionally by a wider range of language-external factors such as generation, education, register and style (Chapter 5). Third, an in-depth study of the individual loanword keesu (< case) reveals that not only external factors but also internal ones, e.g., usage and collocation of the word, have impacts on its occurrence (Chapter 6). Fourth, an investigation of the loanword sapooto (< support) shows that a stylistic variable comes into play in its diffusion in interaction with an educational variable. The loanword is disfavored when the speech setting shifts to formal in particular by the most educated speakers (Chapter 7). Fifth, a real-time approach to loanword adoption verified that individuals can change their language attitude or behavior throughout their lifetime. It highlights importance of longitudinal observation of the phenomenon in making a more accurate prediction of change (Chapter 8). The present research confirms that the occurrence of loan variants is bound by various social and linguistic contexts. The above empirical findings contribute to the field of variationist study by opening up the possibility of analyzing linguistic variation in Japanese at the lexical level.
4
Chan, Ka-yin, e 陳嘉賢. "Loan Words in advertisements in Japanese women's magazines". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953785.
Testo completo
5
Lau, Chaak-ming, e 劉擇明. "Loanword truncation and optimal word length: evidence from Cantonese". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42664299.
Testo completo
6
Chan, Oi-ki, e 陳靄棋. "Developments in the representation of English loanwords in Hong Kong written Cantonese". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46701291.
Testo completo
7
Nangambi, Noria Ntshengedzeni. "Tshenguluso ya ndeme ya nyaluwo ya luambo lwa Tshivenda yo tutuwedzwayo nga mupindulelo wa maipfi". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2378.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A.) --University of Limpopo, 2012The study dealt with enrichment of Tshivenḓa language through adoption of words from other languages such as English, Afrikaans, Sotho, Tsonga, Zulu and many more. The study discovered that no language can remain static forever and this applies to Tshivenḓa as well. Every successive generation makes its own small contribution to language change and when sufficient time has elapsed the impact of these changes becomes more obvious. It however cautions that borrowing of words should not be overdone as this may lead to the disappearance of Tshivenḓa as we know it.
8
Heung, Lok-yi, e 香樂怡. "Loan word compression in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007573.
Testo completo
9
Li, Suogui. "A cognitive approach to foreign-inspired Chinese terms". Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/26322.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis has aimed to set out the classification and word production of foreign-inspired Chinese terms (FICT) within the language system of modern Chinese. FICT refers to a group of vocabulary items in Chinese as a recipient language, where formation is motivated by foreign entities or concepts and designated by some foreign words, but no established foreign elements are in fact transferred from the donor language. The thesis establishes a group of terms identified as a particular category of Chinese borrowings according to the motivation of word production, concerning human bodily perception and cognition experience of foreign entities or concepts. Chinese borrowing is categorized as four types: phonic loans, semantic loans, loan blends and FICT, based on the motivation of sound, form and meaning of foreign words, and sensory perception and cognition of foreign entities and concepts. Cognitive semantics, adopted as an approach in the thesis, is a study of mind and its relationship with embodied experience and culture. Employing language as a key methodological tool for uncovering conceptual organization and structure, this study explores the methods of FICT word production, such as sensory perceptual and metaphorical production in terms of principles of cognitive semantics within the Chinese language system. The various types of Chinese borrowings are analysed in terms of the theory of categorization, and FICT in particular are examined under the semantic model proposed here. It is hoped that the thesis is able to open a new approach to the investigation of Chinese loan words and the process of FICT word production within cognitive semantics.
10
Frischkorn, Bradford Michael. "Integration of the American English lexicon: A study of borrowing in contemporary spoken Japanese". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1107.
Testo completo
11
Rung-ruang, Apichai. "English loanwords in Thai and optimality theory". Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1389690.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study focuses on English loanwords in Thai, particularly the treatment of consonants in different environments, namely onset/coda simplification, laryngeal features, medial consonants, and liquid alternation, within the framework of Optimality Theory (OT: Prince and Smolensky 1993/2004). The major objectives are: (1) to examine the way English loanwords are adapted to a new environment, (2) to investigate how conflict between faithfulness and markedness constraints is resolved and in what ways through OT grammars, and (3) finally to be a contribution to the literature of loan phonology in OT since there has not been much literature on English loanwords in Thai within the recent theoretical framework of Optimality TheoryThe data are drawn from an English-Thai dictionary (Sethaputa 1995), an on-line English-Thai dictionary, an English loanword dictionary (Komutthamwiboon 2003), and earlier studies of English loans in Thai by Udomwong (1981), Nacaskul (1989), Raksaphet (2000), and Kenstowicz and Atiwong (2004).The study has found that Thais replace unlicensed consonants with either auditory similar segments or shared natural class segments, as in /v/ in the English and [w] in word borrowing due to auditory similarity, /g/ in the English source replaced by [k] because of shared place of articulation. Vowel insertion is found if the English source begins with /sC/ as in /skaen/ scan -> [stkc cn]. Since Thai allows consonant clusters, a second segment of the clusters is always retained if it fits the Thai phonotactics, as in /gruup/ `group' -4 [kruip]. In coda, consonant clusters must be simplified. Consonant clusters in the English source are divided into five main subgroups. Sometimes Thais retain a segment adjacent to a vowel and delete the edge, as in /lcnzi lens -4 [len].However, a postvocalic lateral [1] followed by a segment are replaced by either a nasal [n] or a glide [w]. In terms of repair strategies, the lowest ranked faithfulness constraints indicate what motivates Thais to have consonant adaptation. MAX-I0, DEP-I0, IDENT-I0 (place) reveal that segmental deletion, insertion, and replacement on the place of articulation are employed to deal with marked structures, respectively. The two lines of approaches (Positional Faithfulness, Positional Markedness) have been examined with respect to segments bearing aspiration or voicing. The findings have shown that both approaches can be employed to achieve the same result. In medial consonants, ambisyllabic consonants in the English source undergo syllable adaptation and behave like geminates in word borrowings in Thai. Most cases show that ambisyllabic/geminate consonants in loanwords are unaspirated. A few cases are aspirated.The study has revealed that there is still more room for improvement in 0T. The standard OT allowing only a single output in the surface form is challenged. Some English loanwords have multiple outputs. For instance, /aesfoolt/ `asphalt' can be pronounced either [26tf6n] or [26tf6w]. Another example is the word /k h riim / `cream' can be pronounced as [k h riim], [khliim], and [khiim]. To account for these phenomena requires a sociolinguistic explanation.Department of English
12
Lee, Josephine, e 李小晶. "A study of loanwords recently re-borrowed from Japanese in Hong Kong Cantonese". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36926954.
Testo completo
13
Graham, Florence. "Turkish loanwords in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Bosnian and Bulgarian Franciscan texts". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2e237b05-c803-4278-a93a-ccc519ea4eac.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation analyses when, how and why Turkish loanwords became incorporated into Bosnian and Bulgarian, as seen in the writings of the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Bosnian and Bulgarian Franciscans. I analyse Bosnian works (religious and secular) by Matija Divkovic, Ivan Bandulavic, Pavo Posilovic Mošunjanin, Mihovil Radnic, Stjepan Margitic Markovac, Lovro Braculjevic, Filip Lastric, Nikola Marcinkušic Lašvanin, Marko Dobretic, Bono Benic, and Grgo Ilijic-Varešanin. As a Bulgarian counterpart, I analyse three eighteenth-century Bulgarian Franciscan manuscripts and the works of Petar Bogdan Bakšic and Filip Stanislavov. The dissertation consists of eight chapters. The first chapter gives background information on Turkish presence in Bosnia and Bulgaria, the history of the Franciscans in Bosnia and Bulgaria, short biographies of each of the writers whose works are analysed, phonology and orthography. The second chapter focuses on the complications regarding establishing earliest attestations for turkisms in Bosnian and Bulgarian. The third chapter discusses the nominal morphology of turkisms in Bosnian and Bulgarian. This chapter analyses why turkisms developed the gender that they did when borrowed from a language that does not have gender as a category. Chapter four addresses the verbal morphology of turkisms in Bosnian and Bulgarian. Verbal prefixes are discussed in detail, as are Turkish voiced suffixes in Bulgarian. The fifth chapter analyses adjectives and adverbs, with focus on gender and number agreement. The sixth chapter addresses the use of Turkish conjunctions. The seventh chapter looks at the motivation, semantics and setting of turkisms in Bosnian and Bulgarian. The conclusion addresses how morphology, semantics, motivation and setting of turkisms relate to their chronology in Bosnian and Bulgarian and how these areas differ from language to language.
14
Samperi-Mangan, Jacqueline. "Languages in contact : error analysis of Italian childrens' compositions in a multilingual context". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60594.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Children of Italian immigrants in Montreal are in contact with many languages and kinds of speech. French and English are used publicly, formal Italian is studied in heritage classes, a dialect of the family's region of origin is used at home, and a kind of koine is frequently used in interactions with other Italian immigrants. The contact of these languages produces various kinds of interferences. These lead a child to make errors when he tries to use the Standard Italian code. In this research, children's compositions are examined for errors which in turn are analysed and classified. The causes of these errors are investigated and statistics are presented to indicate the frequency of errors or the power of various causes.An effort is made to show all the different errors and interferences that occur, and to discover a pattern of their causes. The data put forth might eventually serve as a base for further studies on the pedagogical prevention or correction of errors in the teaching of Standard Italian as adapted to the specific situation in Montreal.
15
Horikawa, Naoko. "English Loan Words in Japanese: Exploring Comprehension and Register". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/913.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
English loan words (ELWs) have become a considerable part of the contemporary Japanese vocabulary. Meanwhile, it has been shown that there are individual differences in the rate of ELW comprehension. Among the factors for low comprehension is age; people over 60 years old have been shown to comprehend fewer ELWs than the overall age group. As Japan is expected to soon enter the era of an aging society, the issue of ELW comprehension is likely to present serious social and personal problems. The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of frequently used ELWs in contemporary written Japanese, with particular attention to their frequencies, linguistic features, and comprehension rates by people over 60 years old. In order to identify the mediums that are likely to be problematic, three registers were examined: government white papers, books, and internet texts. The study found that the three registers differ in their overall frequencies of ELWs and distributions of the semantic categories, while the distributions of the types of borrowing are similar. It also found that ELWs in certain semantic categories have lower comprehension rates than other categories. Registers that regularly contain low-comprehension ELWs are likely to pose problems for readers over 60 years old.
16
Abdula, Rajabo Alfredo Mugabo [UNESP]. "Marcas de influência do echúwabo no português de Moçambique: a questão dos verbos nas redes sociais". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115688.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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000805871.pdf: 1265221 bytes, checksum: 597c24d7f51aac92703e54574c1958e2 (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Moçambique é um país multilíngue e a maioria das línguas pertence ao grupo linguístico bantu. Por causa do multilinguismo, a maioria da população fala duas ou mais línguas, o que tem favorecido à influência uma das outras. Essa influência nos dias de hoje não é apenas vista na oralidade, mas na escrita principalmente nas redes sociais como o facebook, onde muitos jovens se encontram diariamente para interagirem. Foi nesse intuito que a presente pesquisa foi feita, para analisar a influência do echúwabo – uma língua falada na província da Zambézia, para o português. Para o efeito foram traçados os seguintes objetivos: a) analisar os verbos do echúwabo que entram para o português nas conversas do facebook feitas na cidade de Quelimane; b) verificar o modo como esses verbos entram nas conversas feitas em português; e, c) identificar os fatores que favorecem esse tipo de ocorrências no facebook. Para que isso fosse concretizado foram usadas como variáveis sociolinguísticas 1) a faixa etária, 2) a ocupação, 3) o gênero e 4) o nível de escolaridade. No final constatou-se que a faixa etária do falante teve influência na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de ter-se verificado que os mais novos, que compreendem a idade entre os 16 e 25 anos tiveram menos casos de verbos do português que os da segunda idade – de 30 a 39 anos de idade, e os mais velhos tiveram menos casos de verbos do echúwabo; a ocupação do falante teve influência na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de se ter verificado que os estudantes tiveram mais casos de verbos do português que os funcionários e, para o caso dos verbos do echúwabo, os estudantes tiverem menos casos que os funcionários; o gênero do falante teve influências na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de ter-se verificado que os homens apresentam mais casos de verbos do português que as mulheres e, as mulheres tiveram mais casos de verbos ...
Mozambique is a multilingual country and most of the languages belong to the Bantu language group. Because of multilingualism, the majority of the population speaks two or more languages , which has favored the influence one each other. This influence these days is not only seen in orality, but written mainly on social networks like facebook, where many young people meet daily to interact. It was in this order that the present research was conducted to analyze the influence of Echúwabo - a language spoken in the province of Zambezia, for the Portuguese. For this purpose the following objectives were set: a) analyze the verbs echúwabo entering into Portuguese in facebook conversations made in the city of Quelimane, b) determine how these verbs enter the conversations made in Portuguese, and c) identify the factors that encourage this type of occurrences on facebook. For this to be achieved were used as sociolinguistic variables 1) age, 2) the occupation, 3) gender and 4) the level of education. In the end it was found that the age of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs, because it has been found that the newest, comprising the age between 16 and 25 had fewer cases of Portuguese verbs that the second age - 30-39 years of age and older had fewer cases of verbs Echúwabo; occupation of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs, because it was found that students had more cases of Portuguese verbs than employees and, in the case of verbs of Echúwabo, students have fewer cases compared to employees, the gender of the speaker had influences in the production of two types of verbs, because it has been found that men have more cases of verbs Portuguese than women, and women had more cases of verbs Echúwabo than men, the education level of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs , because it has been found that the people with secondary level had more cases of Portuguese verbs when ...
17
Abdula, Rajabo Alfredo Mugabo. "Marcas de influência do echúwabo no português de Moçambique : a questão dos verbos nas redes sociais /". Araraquara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115688.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Cristina Martins FargettiBanca: Rosane de Andrade Berlinck
Banca: Margarida Maria Taddoni Petter
Resumo: Moçambique é um país multilíngue e a maioria das línguas pertence ao grupo linguístico bantu. Por causa do multilinguismo, a maioria da população fala duas ou mais línguas, o que tem favorecido à influência uma das outras. Essa influência nos dias de hoje não é apenas vista na oralidade, mas na escrita principalmente nas redes sociais como o facebook, onde muitos jovens se encontram diariamente para interagirem. Foi nesse intuito que a presente pesquisa foi feita, para analisar a influência do echúwabo - uma língua falada na província da Zambézia, para o português. Para o efeito foram traçados os seguintes objetivos: a) analisar os verbos do echúwabo que entram para o português nas conversas do facebook feitas na cidade de Quelimane; b) verificar o modo como esses verbos entram nas conversas feitas em português; e, c) identificar os fatores que favorecem esse tipo de ocorrências no facebook. Para que isso fosse concretizado foram usadas como variáveis sociolinguísticas 1) a faixa etária, 2) a ocupação, 3) o gênero e 4) o nível de escolaridade. No final constatou-se que a faixa etária do falante teve influência na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de ter-se verificado que os mais novos, que compreendem a idade entre os 16 e 25 anos tiveram menos casos de verbos do português que os da segunda idade - de 30 a 39 anos de idade, e os mais velhos tiveram menos casos de verbos do echúwabo; a ocupação do falante teve influência na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de se ter verificado que os estudantes tiveram mais casos de verbos do português que os funcionários e, para o caso dos verbos do echúwabo, os estudantes tiverem menos casos que os funcionários; o gênero do falante teve influências na produção dos dois tipos de verbos, pelo fato de ter-se verificado que os homens apresentam mais casos de verbos do português que as mulheres e, as mulheres tiveram mais casos de verbos ...
Abstract: Mozambique is a multilingual country and most of the languages belong to the Bantu language group. Because of multilingualism, the majority of the population speaks two or more languages , which has favored the influence one each other. This influence these days is not only seen in orality, but written mainly on social networks like facebook, where many young people meet daily to interact. It was in this order that the present research was conducted to analyze the influence of Echúwabo - a language spoken in the province of Zambezia, for the Portuguese. For this purpose the following objectives were set: a) analyze the verbs echúwabo entering into Portuguese in facebook conversations made in the city of Quelimane, b) determine how these verbs enter the conversations made in Portuguese, and c) identify the factors that encourage this type of occurrences on facebook. For this to be achieved were used as sociolinguistic variables 1) age, 2) the occupation, 3) gender and 4) the level of education. In the end it was found that the age of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs, because it has been found that the newest, comprising the age between 16 and 25 had fewer cases of Portuguese verbs that the second age - 30-39 years of age and older had fewer cases of verbs Echúwabo; occupation of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs, because it was found that students had more cases of Portuguese verbs than employees and, in the case of verbs of Echúwabo, students have fewer cases compared to employees, the gender of the speaker had influences in the production of two types of verbs, because it has been found that men have more cases of verbs Portuguese than women, and women had more cases of verbs Echúwabo than men, the education level of the speaker influenced the production of two types of verbs , because it has been found that the people with secondary level had more cases of Portuguese verbs when ...
Mestre
18
Séguis, Brigita. "The Polish-Russian mixed code in the Polish community in Lithuania". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0439ac1c-5401-448b-b747-07126274b589.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the patterns of language alternation in the Polish community in Lithuania, which can be described as an indigenous ethnic group that has been living on the territory of modern-day Lithuania since the fourteenth century (Potašenko 2007). Following two language ideologies, Russification during Soviet times and Lithuanisation post-independence, the Lithuanian Poles developed complex linguistic repertoires, consisting of the regional and standard variety of Polish, Russian and Lithuanian. One of the most significant consequences of the prolonged language contact has been the emergence of frequent and regular language alternation between the regional variety of Polish and Russian, which constitutes the focal point of the present study. As the existing research suggests, the linguistic phenomena arising as a result of language contact can be situated along a continuum, which starts with code-switching, then gradually moves towards code-mixing and finally evolves into a conventionalised fused lect (Auer 1999). 'Classic' code-switching is characterised by the locally meaningful juxtaposition of the two languages, code-mixing can be described as a type of interaction where the switched mode of speaking becomes the norm while a fused lect is an even further development of bilingual speech, which presupposes loss of variation and an increase of linguistic structure. The data for the present study come from a corpus of spontaneous conversations involving members of the Polish community. The recordings were collected in the city of Vilnius and feature 25 respondents in their twenties. The data analysis reveals that all three types of language alternation feature in the present corpus; however, code-mixing is clearly the preferred type. It immediately manifests itself in the frequent insertion of Russian single switches and larger constituents into the Polish base. As a result of its wide spread and frequency, language alternation has lost its immediate local meaning and the pattern of frequent Polish-Russian mixing has become the accepted mode of speaking within the Polish speech community.
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Lau, Martin, e 劉文德. "Lexical borrowing in Hong Kong: a study of the Englishization of Chinese and the nativization of English". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30269040.
Testo completo
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Beaumont, Jean-Charles. "Emprunt et processus de pluriel en arabe marocain : innovation lexicale et facteurs sociolinguistiques d'intégration". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65482.
Testo completo
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Bourguignon, Alexandra. "Les emprunts sémitiques en grec ancien: étude méthodologique et exemples mycéniens". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209720.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les emprunts sémitiques en grec, au-delà des questions idéologiques qui leur sont liées, posent une série de problèmes méthodologiques. En effet, la plupart des études sur le sujet qui ont été menées jusqu’à aujourd’hui ont omis la mise en contexte historique et n’ont pas suffisamment développé l’analyse du processus d’adaptation menant de l’étymon à l’emprunt, aboutissant ainsi à des incohérences chronologiques et linguistiques.Le présent ouvrage fournit donc, après un chapitre de définitions relatives à l’emprunt et à l’étymologie et un autre consacré aux différentes études existantes sur les emprunts sémitiques en grec, une présentation générale du contexte historique et économique de la Méditerranée orientale au IIe millénaire a.C. ainsi que des langues en présence, suivie d’un chapitre reprenant les modifications phonétiques, morphologiques, sémantiques et accentuelles qu’un mot peut subir lorsqu’il est emprunté par une autre langue.
Viennent ensuite un chapitre expliquant la méthodologie utilisée pour l’analyse de cas concrets, puis les analyses elles-mêmes. Elles sont au nombre de neuf :trois noms de plantes (κ&973;μ&953;ν&959;ν, « cumin », κ&973;π&949;&953;&961;&959;ν, « souchet », σ&941;λ&953;ν&959;ν ,« céleri »), deux noms de récipients (&7936;σ&940;μ&953;ν&952;&959;&962; « baignoire », φ&953;&940;λ&951; un récipient) et quatre noms de métiers ou institution (βασ&953;λ&949;&973;&962; « chef local, roi », damokoro, un fonctionnaire (?), ζ&940;κ&959;&961;&959;&962; un fonctionnaire du temple, &964;&941;μ&949;ν&959;&962; « portion de territoire réservée à un chef ou à une divinité »). Ces mots offrent un large panorama des difficultés liées à l’étude des emprunts sémitiques en grec et des solutions proposées par l’auteur à la lumière des précédents chapitres.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
22
Chang, Lui, e 張蕾. "The separable words in modern Chinese language =". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37737922.
Testo completo
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Shen, Weilin. "Role of stress pattern in production and processing of compound words and phrases in Mandarin Chinese". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05H108/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La présente thèse étudie le rôle de l'accent prosodique (accent de mot vs. accent de syntagme) lors du traitement auditif de paires minimales ambigües (mots composés vs. syntagmes) du chinois mandarin. Deux types de paires minimales ont été utilisés: 1) Mots composés avec un ton neutre (ex: dong3xi0 « chose ») vs. Syntagme avec un ton plein (ex: dong3xi1 « est et ouest ») qui se distinguent par la réalisation du ton sur la syllabe finale ; 2) Mots composés Verbe-Nom (VN) (ex: 'chaofan « riz frit ») vs. Syntagmes Verbe-Objet (VO) (ex: chao'fan « frire du riz ») se distinguant par la position de l'accent prosodique. Nos données comportementales et neurophysiologiques démontrent que : 1) la syllabe finale est plus longue et l'étendue de la F0 est plus large dans les VO que dans les VN, 2) la prosodie assiste le système de traitement pour anticiper la structure morphologique des séquences ambigües, et 3) un traitement hiérarchique « de droite-à-gauche » des informations prosodiques en complément d'un traitement séquentiel « de gauche-à-droite » prend place en chinois mandarin. Prises dans leur ensemble, nos données précisent la description fonctionnelle et structurale du modèle Prosody-Assisted-Processing (PAP) pour le chinois mandarinThe present thesis investigates the role of prosodic stress (i.e. lexical versus phrasal stress) on the auditory processing of Mandarin Chinese ambiguous compound /phrase minimal pairs. Two types of compound/phrase minimal pairs were used: 1) Compound word with a neutral tone (e.g. dong3xi0 "thing") vs. phrase with a full tone (e.g. dong3xi1 "east and west") distinguished by the final syllable tone realization; 2) Verb-Noun (VN) compound word (e.g. 'chaofan "fried rice") and Verb-Object (VO) phrase (e.g. chao'fan "fry the rice") distinguished by the position of the prosodic stress. Combined behavioral and neurophysiological data demonstrate that 1) the final syllable was more lengthened and the F0 range was larger in VO than in VN, 2) prosodic structure does assist the processing system in anticipating morphological structure, and 3) a right-to-left hierarchical processing of prosodic information in addition to a sequential left-to-right one is involved during the processing of ambiguous spoken sequences in Mandarin Chinese. Taken together, our findings allowed us to precise the functional and structural description of the Prosody-Assisted-Processing (PAP) model for Mandarin Chinese
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Donzelli, Giovanna. "Young learners and foreign language learning : the words they hear and the words they learn". Thesis, Swansea University, 2009. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42634.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation describes and analyzes the learning environment of the low-level EFL classroom, in the Italian primary sector, mainly focusing on the lexical exposure available to learners from course books and teacher speech, as well as on the relationship between what children hear in class and what they actually learn. It is axiomatic that language learners will rely on language input in order to provide the material for learning but a recurrent methodological weakness of previous studies of classrooms as lexical environments is the polarized types of investigations they have produced - they have either taken into account the spoken input produced by the teacher, in class, or they have focused on the vocabulary available to learners from course books. In truth we have rather more information about the vocabulary of textbooks and very little knowledge about the language of the teacher and what this brings to the learning process. The data reported in this thesis allow for a comprehensive picture of the total vocabulary exposure, of the low-level class, to be drawn. This dissertation offers an insight into the interaction between written and spoken input. It suggests that teaching materials seem to comprise less than 50% of the total lexical exposure available to learners in the low-level class. On the other hand, they also seem to work as important guidelines for teacher speech - which appears to strictly meet the requirements of the primary syllabus. The data seem to suggest that the words that are more salient in the thematic contents of course books are likely to be better acquired by learners of different proficiency levels. Similarly, young learners seem to favour the acquisition of more imageable words to lexical items which do not allow for a mental image to be easily aroused. Variations in learning strategies, adopted by children of different proficiency levels, have been identified. Pupils with no previous exposure to the language seemed to rely more heavily on teacher speech while more advanced graders appeared to distinguish between parts of speech, with nouns being easier to learn than verbs. Finally, frequency of occurrence in the classroom micro-environment is likely to have an impact on learnability of vocabulary; nevertheless, this does not seem to apply equally to learners of all levels of proficiency. In consideration of the lexical gap that seems to exist between the input available from course books and the language produced by the teacher, in class, implications for teaching have been evaluated - with particular reference to the degree of lexical autonomy and general linguistic skills expected from teachers, in the light of the current regulations for recruitment of language teaching staff in primary education, in Italy.
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Jones, D. "Ending the debate: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, and why words matter /". Fort Leavenworth, KS : School of Advanced Military Studies, US Army Command and General Staff College, 2006. http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/u?/p4013coll2,554.
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Bonath, Leah M. "The Effects of Cognitive Load on the Perception of Foreign-Accented Words". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1461938923.
Testo completo
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Mousli, Mohammad M. "Insertion of English acronyms & single words/terms in Arabic translation". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2002. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/743.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Insertion of source text (henceforth: ST) acronyms and single words/terms (henceforth: item/s) into target text (henceforth: TT) is relatively, so far, a neglected issue in translation studies. In the case of translating a text from English into Modern Standard Arabic (henceforth MSA) in Australia, we are dealing with the issue of inserting an item of a source text (English source text, henceforth EST) into a target text (Arabic target text, henceforth ArTT). The ArTT has newly introduced items in their Roman Letters (henceforth R.I), The ArTT has newly introduced items in their Roman letters (henceforth R.I), transliterated and/or translated with or without being accompanied by their EST counterparts in R.I.
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Svanström, Salander Christin. "Translating Belief : A translation study of a theological text, focusing on terminology and on words and phrases derived from the Bible". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20345.
Testo completo
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湯潔楠 e Kit-nam Tong. "The occasional use of English words and phrases in Hong Kong style Chinese ten years before and after its reunification withChina". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40675488.
Testo completo
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Moeti, Kabelo Boikhutso. "Rationalization of government structures concerned with foreign direct investment policy in South Africa". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24485.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis sought to focus attention on the fact that currently in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) there is no specific governmental body that is charged with complete responsibility for policy-making and regulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) in general and multinational enterprise (MNE) investment in particular. This issue was identified for study as it was noted that firstly, several other countries (irrespective of their level of development) have such an organization in place. Secondly and more importantly, it was also noted that there have been several cases in which a multinational enterprise posed legal, social and political challenges for host country governments for which such governments were not empowered to resolve in either the a priori or ex-post facto sense. This inability on the part of governments to deal effectively with the challenges created by the unique characteristics and behaviors of multinational enterprises could possibly have been mitigated through the existence of a governmental unit tasked with MNE regulation. The objective of the thesis, was to study the feasibility of designing, developing, and/or proposing, for South Africa, a governmental unit for policy making, policy implementation and control of the inward foreign direct investments of multinational enterprises, where it could firstly be shown that such an administrative unit is indeed needed. The arguments made in the study were framed in the form of a null hypothesis and a single research question. The null hypothesis of the study being: Ho = there is a necessity to formalize a government administrative structure for policy setting and implementation of multinational enterprise regulations in South Africa. The hypothesis was examined in terms of being accepted or rejected based in part upon first resolving the research question of the study which is: Is there a need for foreign direct investment policies that apply exclusively to multinational enterprises? As the thesis was of a qualitative rather than quantitative nature, the methodological approach primarily examined theoretical, empirical and anecdotal evidence to ascertain whether the hypothesis should be supported or rejected. Given that the null hypothesis was not disproved and the research question was answered in the affirmative, the thesis concluded and recommended the establishment of a small specialized unit of experts to serve as part of the public service but independent of any other governmental department or unit. The proposed unit should work to provide support to other government agencies in the areas of research, advice and coordination services. As the environment within which such an organizational unit operates can be expected to be relatively stable over time, and the work of the unit highly specialized, it is envisioned that decision making in the unit will be more centralized than de-centralized. The thesis ended by exploring optional organizational designs with the aim of recommending the appropriate hierarchical arrangements to be established for the proposed organizational unit. More specific answers with respect to, for example, the number of people to be employed, their job descriptions, and the remuneration scales to be applied to their positions are recommended by the thesis for further study.Thesis (DAdmin (Public Administration))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA)
unrestricted
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Mackiewicz-Wolfe, Wojciech G. "Winning the war of words: Framing United States foreign policy (George W. Bush)". Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3207765.
Testo completo
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Tong, Kit-nam. "The occasional use of English words and phrases in Hong Kong style Chinese ten years before and after its reunification with China". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40675488.
Testo completo
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Ármannsson, Bjarki. "Grapheme-to-phoneme transcription of English words in Icelandic text". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik och filologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446924.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Foreign words, such as names, locations or sometimes entire phrases, are a problem for any system that is meant to convert graphemes to phonemes (g2p; i.e.converting written text into phonetic transcription). In this thesis, we investigate both rule-based and neural methods of phonetically transcribing English words found in Icelandic text, taking into account the rules and constraints of how foreign phonemes can be mapped into Icelandic phonology. We implement a rule-based system by compiling grammars into finite-state transducers. In deciding on which rules to include, and evaluating their coverage, we use a list of the most frequently-found English words in a corpus of Icelandic text. The output of the rule-based system is then manually evaluated and corrected (when needed) and subsequently used as data to train a simple bidirectional LSTM g2p model. We train models both with and without length and stress labels included in the gold annotated data. Although the scores for neither model are close to the state-of-the-art for either Icelandic or English, both our rule-based system and LSTM model show promising initial results and improve on the baseline of simply using an Icelandic g2p model, rule-based or neural, on English words. We find that the greater flexibility of the LSTM model seems to give it an advantage over our rule-based system when it comes to modeling certain phenomena. Most notable is the LSTM’s ability to more accurately transcribe relations between graphemes and phonemes for English vowel sounds. Given there does not exist much previous work on g2p transcription specifically handling English words within the Icelandic phonological constraints and it remains an unsolved task, our findings present a foundation for the development of further research, and contribute to improving g2p systems for Icelandic as a whole.
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Chung, Ming-wai, e 鍾明慧. "The color word "hong" (red) and its combination in modernChinese language". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4514266X.
Testo completo
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Lam, Wun-yi Nicola, e 林莞爾. "A study of the color word "qing" and its combination". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48421728.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims at examining the use of color word “qing” and its combinations in Chinese language. “Qing” is one of the earliest appeared color words in Chinese language. It is a unique color word which can represent the colors of green, blue, black and white. Due to its complex meaning, it is difficult to understand which color does “qing” stand for in different cases. On the other hand, “qing” is a frequently used color word in both ancient and modern Chinese language. Words and phrases formed by “qing” can express symbolic meanings other than color.
To begin with, the first chapter introduces the research background, objectives and key points of the study. In the second chapter, the origin, inherent and extended meaning, as well as the combinations of “qing” and other color words will be analyzed.
Apart from their meanings, the grammatical characteristics are also important to a comprehensive study of “qing” and its combinations. In the third chapter, “qing” and its combinations will be discussed in the aspects of word-formation, syntactical functions and sentence structure.
The fourth chapter is about the usage and effect of “qing” and its combinations with regard to rhetoric. Examples of “qing” and its combinations which create specific rhetorical effects in Chinese literature were discussed.
The last chapter serves as a conclusion, highlighting the research results of this study. This dissertation attempts to discuss “qing” and its combinations in different angles to provide nutrition to the overall study of “qing”.published_or_final_version
Chinese Language and Literature
Master
Master of Arts
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Luk, Ka-wai, e 陸家慧. "A study of the colour word "gold" and its combination = Yan se ci "jin" ji qi zu he yan jiu". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193560.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
“Gold” is a colour indicating the colour of an object. It is a unique colour word which represents the colour of gold. From ancient to the present, “gold” is a common Chinese word which is frequently used in the literature. Furthermore, “gold” is the symbol of goodness in the traditional Chinese society. Nowadays, “gold” represents noble, luxury, wealth, hope, etc in the cultural connotation.
This dissertation consists of five chapters. The first chapter introduces the research background, purpose of the topic and key points of the study.
The second chapter is divided into three parts. In the first part, it begins to look for the semantic origin of the colour word “gold” by analyzing its original meaning, aboriginal meaning and quotative meaning. In the second part, it demonstrates the development of cultural connotation in China and elaborates the cultural connotation in the present Chinese society. In the third part, the colour word “gold” is compared with the colour words “yellow” and “red” to identify their differences and similarities of cultural connotations.
In the third chapter, it mainly focuses on phraseology function of “gold” and its combinations. Meanwhile, the aspects of word-formation, syntactical functions, sentence structure of “gold” and its combinations will be discussed.
The fourth chapter analyzes the usage and effect of “gold” and its combinations with regard to rhetoric. It also illustrates and explains the features of usage and rhetorical effects on seven categories of figures of speech which are fairly typical.
The last chapter is the conclusion of the whole dissertation. “Gold” is a very unique colour word which differentiates from other colour words such as “red”, “yellow” and so on. “Gold” has been representing a positive image from the past, even nowadays, “gold” is still one of the most glamorous colours.published_or_final_version
Chinese Language and Literature
Master
Master of Arts
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Short, Elizabeth Anne. "Words and phrases used in written communication by eight personality types as measured by the Myers-Briggs type indicator : a contribution to the theory". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16085/1/Elizabeth_Short_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Written communication is an integral part of any organisation regardless of size or the nature of its business. The writer chooses words that should be understood by the readers. However, these words have been chosen based on a variety of factors, one of which is personality type, and the writer's personality type may differ from that of the readers. The research question underpinning this study is - In what ways, if at all, do personality types (as determined by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and most frequently found in management positions), select and use different words and phrases when writing business communication? To investigate this question, the psychological type theory of Jung, the personality type theory of Briggs and Myers, and organisational communication theory are applied. The methodology used is descriptive research with the documents analysed using content analysis, employing NUD.IST Vivo in conjunction with manual assessment. The research findings confirm that each personality type does use different words, validating personality type theory and therefore, making a contribution to the expanding body of research in this field. The knowledge gained from this study has significance in areas related to organisations as well as education and communication theory.
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Short, Elizabeth Anne. "Words and phrases used in written communication by eight personality types as measured by the Myers-Briggs type indicator : a contribution to the theory". Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16085/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Written communication is an integral part of any organisation regardless of size or the nature of its business. The writer chooses words that should be understood by the readers. However, these words have been chosen based on a variety of factors, one of which is personality type, and the writer's personality type may differ from that of the readers. The research question underpinning this study is - In what ways, if at all, do personality types (as determined by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and most frequently found in management positions), select and use different words and phrases when writing business communication? To investigate this question, the psychological type theory of Jung, the personality type theory of Briggs and Myers, and organisational communication theory are applied. The methodology used is descriptive research with the documents analysed using content analysis, employing NUD.IST Vivo in conjunction with manual assessment. The research findings confirm that each personality type does use different words, validating personality type theory and therefore, making a contribution to the expanding body of research in this field. The knowledge gained from this study has significance in areas related to organisations as well as education and communication theory.
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Fitt, S. E. "Processing unfamiliar words : a study in the perception and production of native and foreign placenames". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650941.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis sets out to examine some of the linguistic processes which take place when speakers are faced with unfamiliar and potentially foreign place names, and the possible psycholinguistic origins of these processes. It is concluded that lexical networks are used to map from input to output, and that phonological rule-based models do not fully account for the data. Previous studies of nativisation have tended to catalogue the phonological and spelling changes which have taken place in historical examples, and explanations have generally been limited to comparison of details of the borrowed and borrowing languages, rather than being set in a solid linguistic framework describing the ways in which speakers and readers process words. There have been psycholinguistic studies of unfamiliar words, but these have generally ignored the foreign dimension, and have been limited in scope. Traditional linguistic work, meanwhile, focuses on descriptions, either abstract or more related to mental processes, of the language that we know and use every day. Studies of foreign language also have a rather different focus from the current work, as they examine what happens when we attempt, over a period of time, to acquire new sounds, vocabulary and grammar. This study takes an experimental approach to nativisation, presenting Edinburgh secondary school pupils with a series of unfamiliar spoken and written European town names, and asking them to reproduce the names either in writing or speech, along with a judgement of origin. The resulting pronunciations and spellings are examined for accuracy, errors and changes, both in perception and production. Different explanations of the output are considered, and it is concluded that models which apply a set of linguistic rules to the input in order to generate an output cannot account for the variety of data produced. Lexicon-based models, on the other hand, using activation of known words or word-sets, and analogy with word-parts, are more able to explain both the details of individual responses and the variety of responses across subjects.
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Bettini, Marianna <1988>. "Cold War Effects Over Words and Meanings - Communism in U.S. Foreign Policy during the 1970s". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2864.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the changes that affected the undestanding and use of the word communism in the U.S. foreign policy of the 1970s, both in the intention of the speakers who used them, and in the general understanding inside their historical context. The study will deal with public speeches of presidents Nixon and Carter and with the intentional and unintentional meaning they gave to them. After a brief overview of the time under analysis, considerations will be made about the frequency, the characteristics and the sintactical role of those keywords that are relevant to our study. A parallel analysis will be led to search whether the change in the use of the word ment also a shift in the meaning of other terms, like socialism. A further analysis could be led, both extending the period under analysis, so to have a wider overview of the evolution of the use of the term during another administration, or focusing on a different word, in order to have a broader picture of the Cold War from the rhetorical point of view.
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Keim, Robert. "Words That Weave a Reality Reborn: Performative Language and the Theory of Poetic Translation". Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1607547589681778.
Testo completo
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Maby, Mark. "How non-native speakers learn polysemous words : a study of the equivalence of prototypicality across languages". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83122.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study investigated whether English second language learners learn the senses of polysemous vocabulary items in an order from a core sense to more extended senses. Polysemous words have one form but many interrelated meanings. It was hypothesised that such an order could be explained by way of the theory of prototypicality.48 ESL learners from three language groups, French, Japanese and Chinese, took part in the study. The participants translated into their first language 29 English sentences using different senses of the word over. Translations were coded for correct translations of the sense of over and for variation in the correct translations. A MANOVA analysis showed that core senses were translated significantly more correctly than extended senses. A negative correlation was shown between variation in translation and correctness of translation. Following Krzeszowski, T. (1990), the study confirms that the theory of prototypicality offers an effective way of explaining language transfer.
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Lam, Yuen-han Joyce, e 林婉嫻. "A study of single English words occurring in Hong Kong Cantonese: differentiating lexical borrowing fromcode-switching". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007548.
Testo completo
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Assis, Ana Beatriz Gonçalves de [UNESP]. "Adaptações fonológicas na pronúncia de estrangeirismos do inglês por falantes de português brasileiro". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93952.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2007-05-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:55:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
assis_abg_me_arafcl.pdf: 1167830 bytes, checksum: 86faf4132000cae49436b55e4a3c0c9e (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O objetivo principal desta Dissertação de Mestrado é analisar a pronúncia de anglicismos - palavras ou expressões inglesas usadas em outras línguas - por falantes de Português Brasileiro (doravante PB), com vistas à exploração da questão da adaptação destas palavras à língua de chegada, no nível fonológico, para uma posterior discussão da naturalidade de tais palavras ou expressões quando pronunciadas no contexto de PB. Como córpus, foram considerados anglicismos ainda não adaptados graficamente ao PB. A fonte é uma coletânea de textos extraídos de seções da popular revista Veja, do período de janeiro a junho de 2005. Nesse córpus, 290 diferentes termos foram encontrados, totalizando 1326 ocorrências. Pediu-se a dois falantes de PB que lessem em voz alta 50 frases selecionadas dentre os artigos considerados. Cada frase selecionada contém um dos 50 anglicismos mais recorrentes no córpus, retiradas dos artigos da revista em questão. A leitura foi gravada, e a partir das gravações foram feitas as transcrições fonética e fonologica da realização dos sujeitos para os anglicismos selecionados. A partir das transcrições realizadas, foi possível fazer análises fonológicas dos padrões fonéticos produzidos em uma perspectiva não-linear, comparando a pronúncia padrão das palavras em Inglês Americano (IA) com as pronúncias produzidas pelos dois sujeitos em PB. Após essa análise comparativa, foi feito um levantamento dos processos fonológicos utilizados pelos falantes de PB ao pronunciar tais palavras e adaptá-las ao seu sistema fonológico: inserção de vogal epentética /e/ (realizada como [i]) para desfazer onsets complexos e codas simples ou complexas não licenciadas em PB e conseqüente mudança da estrutura silábica da palavra; alteração do posicionamento do acento; vocalização de /l/ em posição de coda...
The aim of this dissertation is to analyze Brazilian Portuguese (hereafter BP) speakers pronunciation of Anglicisms, i.e. English words or expressions used in other languages, in order to study how these words are adapted to the target language at a phonological level. Such analysis will serve to discuss the nature of these words or phrases when they are pronounced in the BP context. The corpus comprises Anglicisms which have not yet been graphically adapted to BP. The source is a collection of text extracts from the popular magazine, Veja , covering the period January to June, 2005. Within this corpus, 290 terms were identified, accounting for a total of 1,326 occurrences. Two speakers of BP were requested to read aloud some 50 sentences, each of which was selected from the sample magazine texts. The samples were selected on the basis that they contained 50 of the most frequently occurring Anglicisms. The reading was recorded so that the subjects pronunciation might be transcribed, both phonetically and phonologically. Based on these same transcriptions, it was possible to analyze phonologically the phonetic patterns in a non-linear approach, comparing the standard American pronunciation of such words with the subjects BP pronunciation. Following this comparative analysis, it was possible to identify the phonological processes employed by the BP speakers when pronouncing the said words and adapting them to their phonological system. Notable elements included the following: the addition of an epenthetic vowel /e/, (pronounced [i]), in order to break down complex onsets or simple or complex codas which are non-licensed in BP and the consequent change in the syllabic structure of the word; change in the position of word stress; vocalization of /l/ in the coda of syllables; nasalization of vowels followed by nasal consonants; deletion of plosive consonants in the coda of the end of words... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Assis, Ana Beatriz Gonçalves de. "Adaptações fonológicas na pronúncia de estrangeirismos do inglês por falantes de português brasileiro /". Araraquara : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93952.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Gladis Massini-CagliariBanca: Maria Helena de Moura Neves
Banca: John Robert Schmitz
Resumo: O objetivo principal desta Dissertação de Mestrado é analisar a pronúncia de anglicismos - palavras ou expressões inglesas usadas em outras línguas - por falantes de Português Brasileiro (doravante PB), com vistas à exploração da questão da adaptação destas palavras à língua de chegada, no nível fonológico, para uma posterior discussão da naturalidade de tais palavras ou expressões quando pronunciadas no contexto de PB. Como córpus, foram considerados anglicismos ainda não adaptados graficamente ao PB. A fonte é uma coletânea de textos extraídos de seções da popular revista Veja, do período de janeiro a junho de 2005. Nesse córpus, 290 diferentes termos foram encontrados, totalizando 1326 ocorrências. Pediu-se a dois falantes de PB que lessem em voz alta 50 frases selecionadas dentre os artigos considerados. Cada frase selecionada contém um dos 50 anglicismos mais recorrentes no córpus, retiradas dos artigos da revista em questão. A leitura foi gravada, e a partir das gravações foram feitas as transcrições fonética e fonologica da realização dos sujeitos para os anglicismos selecionados. A partir das transcrições realizadas, foi possível fazer análises fonológicas dos padrões fonéticos produzidos em uma perspectiva não-linear, comparando a pronúncia padrão das palavras em Inglês Americano (IA) com as pronúncias produzidas pelos dois sujeitos em PB. Após essa análise comparativa, foi feito um levantamento dos processos fonológicos utilizados pelos falantes de PB ao pronunciar tais palavras e adaptá-las ao seu sistema fonológico: inserção de vogal epentética /e/ (realizada como [i]) para desfazer onsets complexos e codas simples ou complexas não licenciadas em PB e conseqüente mudança da estrutura silábica da palavra; alteração do posicionamento do acento; vocalização de /l/ em posição de coda... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to analyze Brazilian Portuguese (hereafter BP) speakers pronunciation of Anglicisms, i.e. English words or expressions used in other languages, in order to study how these words are adapted to the target language at a phonological level. Such analysis will serve to discuss the nature of these words or phrases when they are pronounced in the BP context. The corpus comprises Anglicisms which have not yet been graphically adapted to BP. The source is a collection of text extracts from the popular magazine, Veja, covering the period January to June, 2005. Within this corpus, 290 terms were identified, accounting for a total of 1,326 occurrences. Two speakers of BP were requested to read aloud some 50 sentences, each of which was selected from the sample magazine texts. The samples were selected on the basis that they contained 50 of the most frequently occurring Anglicisms. The reading was recorded so that the subjects pronunciation might be transcribed, both phonetically and phonologically. Based on these same transcriptions, it was possible to analyze phonologically the phonetic patterns in a non-linear approach, comparing the standard American pronunciation of such words with the subjects BP pronunciation. Following this comparative analysis, it was possible to identify the phonological processes employed by the BP speakers when pronouncing the said words and adapting them to their phonological system. Notable elements included the following: the addition of an epenthetic vowel /e/, (pronounced [i]), in order to break down complex onsets or simple or complex codas which are non-licensed in BP and the consequent change in the syllabic structure of the word; change in the position of word stress; vocalization of /l/ in the coda of syllables; nasalization of vowels followed by nasal consonants; deletion of plosive consonants in the coda of the end of words... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Tifooni, Saba. "A crosslinguistic investigation into the foreign language learning of (non) equivalent emotion words : the case of Kuwaiti learners of English". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2017. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/24955/.
Testo completo
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Guvenc, Serpil S. "Socialist Perspectives On Foreign Policy Issues: The Case Of Tip In The 1960s". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606866/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT
SOCIALIST PERSPECTIVES ON FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES:
THE CASE OF TiP IN THE 1960s
Serpil Güvenç
M.S., Department of Public Administration and Political Sciences Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Galip Yalman December 2005, 207 pages In this study, the foreign policy perspectives of the Turkish socialist left during the 1960s are evaluated. TiP (Turkish Labour Party) is chosen as a case study and its theoretical approach and practical proposals pertinent to Turkey / USA relations, Turkey / USSR relations, Turkey / European Union relations and the Cyprus Problem are discussed by comparison to some domestic and foreign political parties and important left wing currents of the period in question.
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Holland, Lillian Christine. "A Study of the Intelligibility, Comprehensibility and Interpretability of Standard Marine Communication Phrases as Perceived by Chinese Mariners". PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3123.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Worldwide, mariners use a variety of English as an International Language known as Maritime English regardless of the first language spoken by the crew or port in which they enter. English knowledge and ability is therefore critical to a mariner's livelihood at sea and is also mandated by the International Maritime Organization. The ability to understand and be understood is paramount to safety at sea. This study investigated which accents of English a subset of Chinese mariners found easy or difficult to understand. The data from 39 Chinese mariners who listened to 8 Standard Marine Communications phrases was analyzed. The phrases were spoken in English by native speakers of Japanese, Russian, Chinese, and English. The participants provided verbatim responses followed by their assessment of the speakers' intelligibility and accent. Results indicated that participant position on board the vessel had a statistically significant effect on the intelligibility rating of the phrase heard and the overall understandability assessed of the speaker's accent. Moreover, participants reported that the phrases were deck commands. For deck officers who participated in the study, the phrases were easy to understand, for engineers, they were more difficult. These findings suggest that within the field of Maritime English, further specification of English training is warranted and necessary to provide all mariners with authentic language relevant to their jobs. Initial Maritime English instruction at Maritime Education and Training (MET) institutions must include reading, writing, listening, and speaking which includes the spectrum of scenarios which all cadets may find themselves. Follow-on English classes for mariners beyond the academies or maritime universities must necessarily be situated in the context of the mariner and be flexible enough to adjust to the needs of the mariners. Finally, assessment of the mariner's Maritime English language abilities must also strive to test authentic use of the language as indicated by the position.
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Strömberg, Anette. "Foreign Language Learning : A study among Swedish children at school on how they learn English words and which learner strategies they use". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-927.
Testo completo
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Sandberg, Amanda. ""die Pracht des ganzen Ensembles" : Eine Untersuchung zur Übertragung von Stil in Bezug auf Wortwahl und Metaphern". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46173.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay focuses on style-related challenges that translators may face when translating from German to Swedish. The translated source text stems from the biography Kafka: The Years of Insight. Its literary style and its use of less frequent words make it particularly suitable for a study of the translation of stylistic traits. The essay raises the question whether the style of the source text can be reproduced or not. The analysis is limited to the stylistic aspects of words and includes the area of metaphors and word choice, in particular the translation of foreign words and elevated or archaic style. The study is qualitative and based on Koller's (2011) theory of connotative equivalence and the theories of linguistic and cognitive aspects of metaphors as defined by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and Schäffner (2004). The analysis reveals that style-related translation challenges are caused by the limitations of the target language, yet, the translator is expected to reproduce the style of the source text. Thus, this essay argues that translation has more to do with recreating the style of the source text. This goes against the general view that the style of the target text is merely a reproduction of the source text.