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1
Westcott, Stephen. "The impact of foreign elements over Somalia's al Shabaab". Thesis, Westcott, Stephen (2011) The impact of foreign elements over Somalia's al Shabaab. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/6753/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Al Shabaab is currently one of the most powerful groups operating in contemporary Somalia. In control of much of southern Somalia, al Shabaab has sustained an insurgency against the internationally supported transitional government and its allies throughout the country and beyond since early 2007. In contrast to previous Somali Islamist groups, al Shabaab also actively seeks to participate in the wider Islamist movement currently sweeping the Muslim world. As such the organisation has engaged a number of foreign elements to assist with its struggle. This thesis explores the double-sided impact that these various foreign elements have had and argues that they have been a crucial factor in al Shabaab‟s relative success. Ranging from al Qaeda and other militant Islamist movements to the foreign contingent that has travelled to Somalia to fight for al Shabaab to the multitude of minor actors the organisation engages for mutual benefit, these foreign elements have noticeably enhanced al Shabaab‟s tactical and strategic capabilities. There have been some serious negative repercussions stemming from this heavy foreign influence, alienating sections of Somali society and attracting the hostile attention of the West. However, this thesis concludes that the benefits provided by al Shabaab‟s engagement with foreign elements has notably outweighed the negatives and that the organisation, despite its recent setbacks, will continue to pose a threat at least within the region.
2
Vera, Muniz Omar. "Elements of Azeri's Independent Foreign Policy: Energy, Geography, and Global Powers Rivalry". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5552.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This work applies geopolitical concepts to elucidate how geography, energy, and rivalries among global powers affect the Azeri foreign policy. This research work uses a deductive method of qualitative research and a longitudinal analysis of qualitative variables. This study first reviews the most significant academic works in the field to delineate the framework of Azerbaijani foreign policy. Next, it discusses the geographical features of the Azeri landlocked territory and its influence over foreign policy. Then the study presents how Azerbaijan uses its energy as a leverage tool in its foreign policy. The fourth chapter analyzes the current competition between two global powers, the US and Russia, for influence over Azeri oil and gas resources, seeking to balance the power in the South Caucasus and Central Asian regions. Finally, this research work lists the findings, showing that the Azeri foreign policy is affected by geography, energy, and global power competition variables. The transit states that encircle the landlocked territory of Azerbaijan reduce the Azeri ability to export its energy resources to international markets. The economic and political involvement of foreign companies and states in the Azeri energy industry also reduces the economic and political independence of Azerbaijan. The competition between the US and Russia for influence over the Azeri territory and its energy resources also affects the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. Thus, in order to achieve economic, political, and military stability, Azerbaijan has to be constantly balancing regional and global powers.M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies
3
Hershey, Stephen Paul. "Hotel and Conference Center for Foreign Dignitaries". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23702.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Located along the bank of the Potomac River in Langley Virginia, this Hotel and Conference Center is a place of gathering and refuge for foreign dignitaries. Each building shares the characteristic of protruding volumes and surfaces reinforced by parallel load bearing masonry walls. These brick walls buffer the interior from the exterior and demarcate the program. Punched voids provide natural light. Each element including entry, wall, stair, column, and fireplace is designed to comply with the collective composition. The circulation is situated along the building\'s edge, thus guiding people from center to edge across diagonals and through corridors naturally lit from adjacent windows. Drawing played an essential role throughout the design. In the following drawings the process of design and discovery in architecture is intelligible. The question of "how" is more revealing than the question of "what."Master of Architecture
4
Okwor, Festus Amechi. "Motivation for learning as the key to success of foreign students in Ukraine". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2014. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/8440.
Testo completo
5
Dugarova, Esuna. "Behaviours of Wh-elements in English and Russian learners' L2 Chinese Wh-questions". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608932.
Testo completo
6
老志鈞 e Chi-kuan Lou. "Europeanization of modern Chinese language in Macao". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214393.
Testo completo
7
Watanabe, Shinya. "Cultural Continuity and Foreign Elements in Cajamarca, Northern Highlands of Perú: A Case Study of the Middle Horizon". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113318.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper I examine the distribution and movement of population during the Middle Horizon, using archaeological data of the Cajamarca region. I present excavation data from the El Palacio site which was a Wari administrative center in the Cajamarca Valley. There we found exotic elements in the form of architecture, funerary chambers and polychrome ceramics, while evidence of cultural fusion was unclear. Although Cajamarca was under direct dominion of the Wari state, local material culture such as ceramics appear to have continued without great change. If any parallel relation between material culture and language can be assumed, it would be reasonable to think that, during Middle Horizon in Cajamarca, multiple languages co-existed or that people were bilingual both in the local language and the official language of the Wari state.En este artículo se analizan la distribución y movimiento de poblaciones sobre la base de datos arqueológicos y se toma como ejemplo el caso de la región de Cajamarca durante el Horizonte Medio. Se presentan los datos de excavaciones del sitio arqueológico de El Palacio, el que habría sido un centro administrativo wari en el valle de Cajamarca. En este complejo existen diversos elementos foráneos que se manifiestan en forma de arquitectura, cámaras funerarias y cerámica polícroma, pero no hay evidencias claras de una fusión cultural. Si bien hay indicios de que Cajamarca estuvo bajo control directo por parte del Estado wari, su cultura material, como la cerámica, parece haber persistido sin sufrir grandes cambios. Si se plantea que hubo un paralelismo entre cultura material y lengua, es posible postular que, durante el Horizonte Medio en Cajamarca, se dio una situación de concomitancia de lenguas múltiples o un sistema bilingüe en el que coexistieron un idioma de carácter autóctono y, por parte de Wari, una lengua oficial.
8
Abdu, Hussein Ramadan. "Italian loanwords in colloquial Libyan Arabic as spoken in the Tripoli region". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184333.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Italian loadwords in Libyan Arabic have not received the attention and concern they deserve despite their number, high frequency, and wide use by all Libyans at all levels for more than one and a half centuries. This study attempts to record as many Italian loanwords in Libyan Arabic as possible as reported by the Libyan students and their spouses in the United States, to establish a linguistic criterion for the identification of these loanwords in Libyan Arabic, to determine the semantic adaptations they have undergone, and to verify their recognition and use by the students and their spouses. A list of 1000 words suspected to be Italian loanwords were collected through direct observation of Libyan speech, including my own as a native speaker of the dialect, by use of informants and intensive reading. The words were then checked against their possible native models in Italian through the use of Italian dictionaries and consultation with native Italian speakers, most of whom are linguists or language teachers. The list was reduced to 682 words, which were used in the questionnaire sent to 290 Libyan students and their spouses in the United States. From the 148 replies to the questionnaire, it is found that on the average 75% of the respondents know all the 684 words and 58% of them use them. About 82% of the loanwords have literary or colloquial Arabic equivalents. About 55% had presumably entered Libyan Arabic or Libyan Arabic speakers were exposed to them during the 1911-1970 period, which marks the Italian occupation of Libya, 5% between 1832-1910, and 5% between 1970-1985. About 93% of the Italian loanwords are nouns, 7% adjectives, 1% verbs, 0.8% adverbs, and 0.5% interjections. Meanings of most of the loanwords are more pervasive in Italian than in Libyan Arabic. It was also found that most of the loanwords had adopted Arabic grammatical rules for tense formation and inflection for number or gender.
9
Li, Suogui. "A cognitive approach to foreign-inspired Chinese terms". Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/26322.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis has aimed to set out the classification and word production of foreign-inspired Chinese terms (FICT) within the language system of modern Chinese. FICT refers to a group of vocabulary items in Chinese as a recipient language, where formation is motivated by foreign entities or concepts and designated by some foreign words, but no established foreign elements are in fact transferred from the donor language. The thesis establishes a group of terms identified as a particular category of Chinese borrowings according to the motivation of word production, concerning human bodily perception and cognition experience of foreign entities or concepts. Chinese borrowing is categorized as four types: phonic loans, semantic loans, loan blends and FICT, based on the motivation of sound, form and meaning of foreign words, and sensory perception and cognition of foreign entities and concepts. Cognitive semantics, adopted as an approach in the thesis, is a study of mind and its relationship with embodied experience and culture. Employing language as a key methodological tool for uncovering conceptual organization and structure, this study explores the methods of FICT word production, such as sensory perceptual and metaphorical production in terms of principles of cognitive semantics within the Chinese language system. The various types of Chinese borrowings are analysed in terms of the theory of categorization, and FICT in particular are examined under the semantic model proposed here. It is hoped that the thesis is able to open a new approach to the investigation of Chinese loan words and the process of FICT word production within cognitive semantics.
10
Sabouné, Samar. "Anglicismes, canadianismes et mots folkloriques dans les dictionnaires Bélise (1979) et Plus (1988) : un aperçu du cheminement du lexique français québécois". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29215.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Our study deals mainly with two Quebec dictionaries: Dictionnaire nord-américain de la langue française which will be given the name the Bélisle (1979) and the Dictionnaire du français plus designated by the Plus (1988). We have concentrated on the words that the Bélisle (1979) accompanies with: 1- "X" designating the "anglicismes"; 2- "C" designating the "canadianismes"; 3- the "Fleur de Lys" designating the "mots folkloriques". Our goal is to see the changes that the Quebec dialect has undergone from the Bélisle (1979) to the Plus (1988) with regard to the three above categories: whether theses words still exist in the latter dictionary or not, and if so, under which of these categories, if any, they fall.
In addition, we have consulted other Quebec dictionaries dating from 1880 to present. These consultations helped us determine, to a certain degree, the year an "anglicisme", a "canadianisme" or a "mot folklorique" was recorded in these dictionaries, signaling therefore their usage for the first time in the Quebec dialect.
Our thesis is divided into three chapters: the first one deals with the "anglicismes", the second one with the "canadianismes" and the third one with the "mots folkloriques". Each chapter contains data of each three categories obtained from our consultations of the Bélisle (1979), the Plus (1988) and other Quebec dictionaries.Arts, Faculty of
French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of
Graduate
11
Liew, Julian. "Histoire des termes d'architecture empruntés par le français à l'italien au XVIe siécle : leur introduction et leur évolution". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30141.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L'influence italianisante de la Renaissance sur la culture frangaise est telle qu'elle a laissé ses traces non seulement sur le vocabulaire de l'architecture du XVIe s. mais aussi sur celui de 1'architecture moderne et voire, plus généralement, sur le lexique français. Et pourtant, malgré 1'influence incontestable de l'italien sur le vocabulaire français de 1'architecture, il ne reste au XXe s. qu'une trentaine--au maximum—de termes d'architecture empruntés à l'italien au XVIe siècle.
Les spécialistes de la langue ont déjà examiné de près 1'influence du lexique italien sur le français à l'époque de la Renaissance: Ferdinand Brunot, Bartina Wind et T. E. Hope—entre autres—ont publié d'excellentes études dans ce domaine.
Tout en nous appuyant sur les études de ces éminents linguistes, nous avons souhaité éviter une simple répétition; par conséquent, nous avons poursuivi une étude approfondie sur un vocabulaire particulier: le vocabulaire de 1'architecture.
Nous avons d'abord dépouillé les textes de Brunot et de Hope pour établir une liste de termes d'architecture empruntés par le français àl'italien au XVIe siècle. Ensuite, nous avons vérifié dans les ouvrages lexicographiques modernes — ici, le .T.L.F. et le .Robert—pour déterminer si ces emprunts ont survécu jusqu'à nos jours. Nous pouvions être certain que ces termes font partie du lexique français du XXe siècle. Contrôlant la classification de Hope par 11exament de la section étymologique de chaque entrée du T..LF, nous avons aussi pu établir le fait que les mots dans notre liste étaient introduits en français comme termes d'architecture.
En même temps, notre consultation du TLF et du Robert nous a fourni un aperçue général de 1'évolution sémantique des emprunts. Ensuite, nous avons consulté les ouvrages lexicographiques les plus importants depuis le XVIIe s. pour tracer 1'évolution sémantique de chaque mot.
A partir du résultat de nos recherches, nous avons établi la répartition suivante: (i) quatre emprunts qui ont eu une expansion sémantique (viz., ARCHITECTS, ARCHITECTURE, ISOLE et FAÇADE); (ii) quatre autres emprunts qui ont évolué mais seulement à l'intérieur du vocabulaire de 1'architecture (viz., BALDAQUIN, APPARTEMENT, BALCON et ARCADE); et (iii) tous les mots qui n'ont pas changé de sens ou qui ont subi très peu d'évolution sémantique depuis leur introduction en français (Appendice A-2). Nous avons réservé une étude détaillée à chaque mot dans les deux prèmieres sections--retraçant l'origine et 1'évolution sémantiques du mot et, dans la mesure du possible, les circonstances historiques ou culturelles où le mot se trouvait.
Nos études nous ont conduit à la conclusion que la langue n'accepte pas de façon égale les emprunts faits dans un certain domaine ou pendant une certaine époque. Certains des emprunts s'intègrent totalement au lexique, en acquérant d'autres acceptions et en sortant du domaine qui les aintroduits: ils acquièrent finalement un sens figuré; ce groupe est très petit. Le deuxième groupe consiste en des emprunts qui ont garde leur emploi principal de terme d'architecture mais que l'usager moyen de la langue reconnaitra et employera. A la différence du premier groupe, cependant, les mots du deuxième groupe ne possèdent pas d'acception au figuré. Le dernier groupe est composé d'emprunts qui restent strictement des termes techniques; l'usager moyen ne les employerait pas et, sans doute, n'en connaitraît même pas le sens. A en croire le résultat de notre travail, ce dernier groupe constitue la majorité des emprunts.
Finalement, nous nous sommes apergu que l'histoire et la culture d'un peuple laissent souvent leurs traces sur 1'évolution sémantique d'un mot. Dans les études consacrées à ARCHITECTE et ARCHITECTURE, nous avons inclu pour chaque siècle les changements culturels, historiques ou politiques les plus importants dans l'histoire de la France et de 1'Europe et lés avons lies de façon logique aux changements sémantiques. Donc, nous avons pu suivre de près l'histoire parallèle de la langue française et du peuple français.Arts, Faculty of
French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of
Graduate
12
Yuen, Hiu-sum, e 袁曉芯. "Yiddish, quasi-yiddish and ideologies of American English". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30398459.
Testo completo
13
Lindström, Anders. "English and other foreign linguistic elements in spoken Swedish : studies of productive processes and their modelling using finite-state tools /". Linköping : Univ, 2004. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2004/tek887s.pdf.
Testo completo
14
Aw, Ee Ling Grace. "Modeling dependency: application to currency". Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/392.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The primary purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the behavior of the elements of the foreign exchange market, the largest financial market in the world. Whilst the market itself is not new, the concept of currency as an alternative asset, is. Apart from growing awareness of the attractiveness of foreign exchange as an asset class, the recent huge growth in foreign investing combined with record high levels of currency volatility raised the importance and immediacy of foreign exchange risk. This dissertation applies several copulas to model the dependency between a chosen currency pair, and employs a superior goodness-of-fit test recently proposed in the copula literature. Applying the selected copula (from the goodness-of-fit test) for the calculation of Value at Risk, it is shown that the selected copula offers superior protection to the organization with only one-third the failure rate compared to the classical correlation-based Value at Risk. In addition, regression techniques are applied on interbank foreign exchange intraday trades to investigate the factors behind the massive volume of foreign exchange trades. Volatility and investments in foreign equity are found to be the key reasons driving foreign exchange trades in 1998; in 2008, the ‘carry’ trade became the most prominent factor.
15
Lee, Josephine, e 李小晶. "A study of loanwords recently re-borrowed from Japanese in Hong Kong Cantonese". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36926954.
Testo completo
16
Lam, Yuen-han Joyce, e 林婉嫻. "A study of single English words occurring in Hong Kong Cantonese: differentiating lexical borrowing fromcode-switching". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007548.
Testo completo
17
Walsh, Olivia Mary. "Linguistic purism in France and Quebec". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608141.
Testo completo
18
Fekete, Denise M. "Pro-drop and verb-second : romance and germanic in Old French". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63760.
Testo completo
19
Lau, Martin, e 劉文德. "Lexical borrowing in Hong Kong: a study of the Englishization of Chinese and the nativization of English". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30269040.
Testo completo
20
Frischkorn, Bradford Michael. "Integration of the American English lexicon: A study of borrowing in contemporary spoken Japanese". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1107.
Testo completo
21
Inggårde, Karin. "Creativity and EFL Learning : An empirical study in a Swedish upper-secondary school". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24884.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this study was to see if a deliberately creative approach in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) class would have any impact on the students’ EFL learning in terms of more varied vocabulary use, more original written texts, more implementation of story elements (such as a story goal, obstacle, character motive) and increased motivation leading to enhanced activity and attention. An empirical method was adopted in connection in which two Swedish upper-secondary school classes of a vocational program participated. One class was exposed to a regular teaching method (RTM) while the other class was exposed to a creative study design (CSD). During a four week period the students were assigned to write a short story and received instructions on different story elements (story goal, obstacle and character motivation). The RTM was based on how the class’s ordinary teacher would have taught. The CSD was uniquely created for this study and included several techniques and recommendations from scholars in the field of creativity. The results showed that the students exposed to the CSD implemented the story elements to a somewhat higher degree, used a slightly more varied vocabulary, wrote more creative stories, and showed more attention and activity than the students exposed to the RTM. However, more extensive studies would be needed to confirm these results and allow generalizations about the possible benefits the CSD has as opposed to the RTM when it comes to EFL learning.
22
Mather, Patrick André. "L' interférence syntaxique de l'allemand sur le français mosellan". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26294.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The subject of my Thesis is the syntactic interference of German in the French of the Moselle region. The geographical location of this Department, situated close to the German border, leads me to believe that French and German are in contact in this region given their geographic proximity and the history of the area. My Thesis is divided into two main sections. First, through a detailed analysis of relevant syntactic structures in French and German, I put forth several hypotheses concerning the syntactic interference of German in the French spoken in the Moselle Department. Then, I tested these hypotheses through extensive fieldwork by interviewing two different groups of speakers, young and old, and by analyzing those data produced which indicated some degree of German interference in French. I then submitted these data to the same speakers to obtain their grammaticality judgments. My analysis has led me to establish an important typological distinction between the sentences produced by the younger speakers and those produced by the elderly, and to uncover a hierarchy in the acceptability of the sentences submitted to these speakers, which I discuss and attempt to explain.
23
Papadomichelaki, Roumpini Alkaterini, e Lash Keith Vance. "English language institute in Greece: A business proposal". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2151.
Testo completo
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Guay, Thérèse. "L'adaptation orthographique des anglicismes lexématiques au Québec, perspective historique". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ49098.pdf.
Testo completo
25
Moreira, Mayra. "Estrangeirismo na região da Serra Gaúcha : lexias de origem inglesa presentes no jornal Pioneiro". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2016. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1385.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Estudos linguísticos apontam que todas as línguas sofrem influência e se modificam com o contato com práticas linguísticas de diferentes grupos humanos. Além das palavras que são criadas pela necessidade do dia-a-dia, os produtos consumidos na sociedade, de modo geral, trazem junto a si palavras em línguas estrangeiras que passam a ser utilizadas diariamente em quase todas as regiões do planeta. Dessa forma, é inevitável que vocábulos estrangeiros façam parte da produção escrita e oral da sociedade e que o fenômeno da incorporação de lexias de língua inglesa, em especial, pareça cada vez mais frequente nos meios de comunicação de massa. Assim, esta pesquisa procura examinar a presença do processo linguístico conhecido por estrangeirismo, a luz dos estudos de Alves (2007), Barbosa (1981) e Basílio (1987), com foco na incidência de anglicismos nas práticas de escrita da mídia impressa da região da Serra Gaúcha. Para a análise de quais lexias fazem parte do uso cotidiano da língua inglesa nas práticas de escrita do maior jornal impresso dessa região, foram selecionados textos presentes nas Capas e Contracapas e nas seções Cidade-Caxias, Região-Cidades-Cotidiano e Sete Dias-Comportamento de doze edições dos anos 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 e 2015, totalizando sessenta exemplares do jornal Pioneiro. Este estudo revela que o uso de anglicismos pelo jornal Pioneiro, nas seções analisadas, foi constante nos anos pesquisados, sendo possível observar o aumento de incidências de 1995 até 2005.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-11-23T16:33:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Mayra Moreira.pdf: 5301236 bytes, checksum: 1ac0c63b8e491eefb95bcf94d3156f00 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-23T16:33:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Mayra Moreira.pdf: 5301236 bytes, checksum: 1ac0c63b8e491eefb95bcf94d3156f00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-23
Linguistic studies indicate that all languages suffer influence and change with the contact with the linguistic practices of different human groups. In addition to the words that are created by the needs of the day-by-day, goods consumed by society, in general, bring along words in foreign languages that are daily used in almost all regions of the planet. In this way, it is unavoidable that foreign words take part of the written and oral production of society and that the phenomenon of the incorporation of English lexicon, in particular, seems increasingly common in the mass media. Thus, this research looks for the presence of the linguistic process known as foreignness, based on Alves (2007), Barbosa (1981) and Basílio (1987) studies, focusing on the incidence of anglicisms in the practices of the print media in the region of Serra Gaucha. For the analysis of which words are part of the English language daily used in the writing practices in the largest printed newspaper of this region, were selected texts present in texts from Capas and Contracapas and from the sections: Cidade-Caxias, Região-Cidades-Cotidiano and Sete Dias-Comportamento. This corpus was taken from twelve editions of the years 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, totalizing sixty copies of the Pioneiro newspaper. This study reveals that the use of anglicisms by Pioneiro newspaper, in the analyzed sections, was constant in the researched years. It is also possible to observe the incidence increasing from 1995 to 2005.
26
Ruiz, Garrido Miguel F. "Aplicaciones pedagógicas del informe empresarial en el aula del inglés de los negocios: implementación de recursos discursivos escritos en contextos de especialidad". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10434.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La competencia comunicativa exigida en el mundo empresarial actual y el papel que el inglés juega como lengua de comunicación internacional constituyen la base de la proliferación investigadora en los géneros del inglés académico y profesional (IPA), y en especial del inglés de los negocios (IN). Este desarrollo también tiene su efecto en la producción de materiales docentes, y en menor medida en lo referente a la investigación aplicada al aula del IN. Nuestra aportación a dicho campo se fundamenta en el estudio de un género discursivo escrito particular del mundo de los negocios: el informe empresarial. Pretendemos explicar su concepción como género, así como su relevancia y aportaciones en el aula del inglés de especialidad. Demostraremos cómo este género incluye múltiples características del discurso escrito del IN y observaremos a través del estudio empírico que su implementación en el aula ayuda a desarrollar de forma pertinente ciertos elementos (macro)estructurales y discursivos.
27
Денисенко, А. С. "Прагматичні аспекти перекладу німецькомовних елементів у романі М. Зузака "Крадійка Книжок"". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86581.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
У дипломній роботі на матеріалі роману Маркуса Зузака "Крадійка книжок" розглядаються особливості інкорпорації німецькомовних елементів в англомовний художній текст, а також прагматичні аспекти їхнього перекладу на українську мову. Увага приділяється основним аспектам реалізації іншомовних елементів у тексті з урахуванням їхньої інтертекстуальної природи, де за основу береться твердження, що будьякий текст є складником широкого культурного гіпертексту. Ураховуючи часопросторові параметри розгортання сюжету в досліджуваному романі, у роботі аналізуються історичні, соціальні й геополітичні особливості тогочасного суспільства, які спонукали автора роману до вживання широкого спектру німецькомовної лексики в англомовному романі.
На основі аналізу ілюстративного матеріалу проводиться диференціація німецькомовних елементів за структурними та семантичними параметрами. Структурна параметризація реалізується за рахунок здійснення компонентного й частиномовного аналізів досліджуваного матеріалу. Відповідно, німецькомовні елементи в романі представлені однокомпонентними, двокомпонентними й багатокомпонентними одиницями, вираженими окремими словами, словосполученнями або реченнями. Частиномовна репрезентація матеріалу дослідження здебільшого представлена іменниками, прикметниками, дієсловами й вигуками. Семантика німецькомовних елементів у романі М. Зузака «Крадійка книжок» актуалізується шляхом вживання номінацій членів родини, власних назв, лайливих слів, абревіатур та цитувань.Исследование различных коммуникативных ситуаций, описанных в романе, дозволяет установить главные прагматические функции инкорпорированных немецкоязычных частей, посреди которых: создание неповторимого колорита времени и места; описание жизненных условий, традиций и обычаев; обозначение определенных реалий; передача уникального исторического фона; характеристика персонажей и усиление эмоциональности и напряжение повествования; придание описаниям и діалогам в романе реалистического обрамления. На основе анализа иллюстративного материала производится дифференциация немецкоязычных элементов по структурным и семантическим параметрам. Структурная параметризация реализуется за счет осуществления компонентного и частичного анализа изучаемого материала. Соответственно, немецкоязычные элементы в романе представлены однокомпонентными, двухкомпонентными и многокомпонентными единицами, выраженными отдельными словами, словосочетаниями или предложениями. Частоязычная репрезентация материала исследования в большинстве своем представлена существительными, прилагательными, глаголами и возгласами. Семантика немецкоязычных элементов в романе М. Зузака «Крадушка книг» актуализируется путем употребления номинаций членов семьи, собственных названий, бранных слов, аббревиатур и цитирований.
The study of different communicative situations, described in the novel, permits to define the main pragmatic functions of the incorporated Germanlanguage elements, including creation of special atmosphere of time and place; description of life conditions, traditions and customs; marking some realia; expression of unique historical background; characters references and emotional intensity of the story; realistic framing of the descriptions and dialogues in the novel. Differentiation of German-language elements according to structural and semantic parametres is carried out on the basis of illustrative material analysis. Structural parametrisation is performed by means of component and part-of-speech analyses of the investigated material. Accordingly, German-language elements in the novel are represented by one-, two- and multi-component units, expressed by words, wordcombinations or sentences. Part-of-speech representation of the investigated material is mainly expressed by nouns, adjectives, verbs and exclamations. The semantics of German-language elements in Marcus Zusak’s novel The Book Thief is actualized by means of the use of nominations of family members, proper names, abusive words, abbreviations and citations.
28
Krivickas, Mindaugas. "Teismų jurisdikcijų kolizijos civilinėse bylose, turinčiose užsienio elementą". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110207_105948-33713.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Šis magistro baigiamasis darbas skirtas teismų jurisdikcijų kolizijų civilinėse bylose, turinčiose užsienio elementą, bendrojoje tarptautinėje, užsienio ir Lietuvos teisėje įtvirtintos teisės normų reglamentacijos sukeliamų problemų analizei. Pagrindine tyrimo užduotimi autorius laiko po Lietuvos Respublikos tapimo Europos Sąjungos nare išaugusią užsienio elementą turinčių civilinių ginčų teismų jurisdikcijų teisingo nustatymo instituto svarbą įtvirtinančių tarptautinių, užsienio ir Lietuvos teisės normų nuostatų bei teismų jurisprudencijos įvertinimą bendrame pasauliniame kontekste.
Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje išryškinama teismų jurisdikcijų kolizijos samprata, jos atskirų kriterijų reikšmė nustatant kompetentingą teismą ir tos teisminės institucijos priimtų sprendimų pripažinimą bei vykdymą. Taip pat detaliai susipažįstama su įvairių valstybių (Vokietijos, Prancūzijos, Lietuvos...) nacionalinių, pasaulinių (UNIDROIT Romos konvencija dėl pavogtų ar neteisėtai išvežtų kultūros objektų...) ir ES (Reglamento 44/2001…) teisės aktų bei Lietuvos Respublikos pasirašytų teisinės pagalbos sutarčių nuostatomis, įtvirtinančiomis civilinių bylų su užsienio elementu priskirtinumą konkrečioms teismų jurisdikcijoms.
Antrojoje dalyje susipažįstama su Europos Teisingumo Teismo, Nuolatinio Tarptautinio Teisingumo Teismo, užsienio ir Lietuvos valstybių teisminių institucijų praktika. Aptariant šią praktiką bei pirmojoje dalyje aprašytus kriterijus, įvardijamos daugiausiai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The present thesis is devoted to the analysis of collisions of courts' jurisdictions in civil cases involving a foreign element and the analysis of the problems caused by the regulation of law norms confirmed in General International Law, Foreign Law and Lithuanian Law. After becoming an EU member state, the growth of civil contentions involving a foreign element is noticeable in the Republic of Lithuania. According to the author of this thesis, the main task of the thesis is considered to be the evaluation of the right determination institute of civil law jurisdictions importance confirmed by International, Foreign and Lithuanian Law norms regulation as well as the courts’ jurisprudence in the common world context. The thesis consists of three different parts. In the first part the author emphasizes the definition of collision of the courts’ jurisdiction and the importance of its separate criteria by identification of the qualified court, the recognition of its taken judgments and implementation. After that, national laws of different countries (such as Germany, France, Lithuania, etc.), international (UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, etc.) and the European Union (EU) (Council Regulation 44/2001, etc.) rules of law as well as some legal provisions from the international legal assistance treaties signed by the Republic of Lithuania, that deals with civil cases’ involving foreign element, attributability to the particular courts will be... [to full text]
29
Tyrer, Eric. "The social-semiotic discourse of the visual element in UK-produced English as a foreign language coursebooks 1960-2009". Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a7fcdb9b-e23d-424e-9c3e-dac6d2e7b611.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study is an analysis of the visual element of an archive (or corpus) of popular UK EFL coursebook series produced between 1960 and 2009. During this time, the increasing globalisation of the world economy, and the parallel development of English as a world language, raised moral and pedagogic questions regarding the ownership of English and the promotion of an Anglophone neo-liberal agenda. This prompted questions regarding EFL coursebooks and the extent to which they, implicitly or explicitly, promoted such an agenda, and the degree to which they could be said to be appropriate for the many global contexts in which such books were marketed and used.
30
Song, Yangkun. "Development of Comprehensive Dynamic Damage Assessment Methodology for High-Bypass Air Breathing Propulsion Subject to Foreign Object Ingestion". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93960.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Foreign object ingestion (FOI) into jet engines is a recurring scenario during the operation life of aircraft. Objects can range from as small as a pebble on the tarmac to the size of a large bird. Among the potential ingestion scenarios, damage caused by smaller objects may be considered to be negligible. Alternatively, larger objects can initiate progressive damage, potentially leading to catastrophic failure, compromising the integrity of the structure, and endangering the safety of passengers. Considering the dramatic increase in air traffic, FOI represents a crucial safety hazard, and must be better understood to minimize possible damage and structural failure.
The main purpose of this study is to develop a unique methodology to assess the response and dynamic damage progression of an advanced, high-bypass propulsion system in the event of an FOI during operation. Using a finite element framework, a unique modeling methodology has been proposed in order to characterize the FOI response of the system. In order to demonstrate versatility of the computational analysis, the impact characteristics of two most common foreign object materials, bird and ice, were investigated. These materials were then defined in finite element domain, verified computationally, and then validated against the existing physical experiments. In addition to the mechanics of the two FOI materials, other material definitions, used to characterize the structures of the high-bypass propulsion system, were also explored. Both composite materials and rate dependent definitions for metal alloys were investigated to represent the damage mechanics in the event of an FOI.
Subsequently, damage sequence of high-bypass propulsion systems subject to FOI was developed and assessed, using a uniquely devised Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) technique. Using advanced finite element formulation, this approach enabled the accurate simulation of the comprehensive damage progression of the propulsion systems by including aerodynamic interaction. Through this strategy, fluid mechanics was combined with structural mechanics in order to simulate the mutual interaction between both continua, allowing the interpretation of both the additional damage caused by the fluid flow and disrupted aerodynamics induced by the dynamic deformation of the fan blade. Subsequently, this multidisciplinary-multiphysics computational approach, in the framework of the comprehensive analysis methodology introduced, enabled the effective determination of details on the overall progressive impact damage, not traditionally available to propulsion designers.PHD
31
Vanja, Manić Matić. "Éléments de civilisation francophone dans l’enseignement du FLE (Elementi frankofone civilizacije u nastavi francuskog kao stranog jezika)". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104390&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
U našem radu reč je o elementima frankofone civilizacije u nastavi francuskog jezika. Tokom rada sa učenicima i studentima nivoa znanja A1-B2 francuskog, primetili smo da su manje senzibilizovani za frankofonu kulturu, i da su više upoznati sa elementima francuske kulture, u ovom slučaju mislimo na teritoriju današnje Francuske. To nas je navelo da uradimo analizu frankofonih elemenata u udžbenicima francuskog kao stranog jezika, korišćenim na prostoru Srbije. Naš korpus ekscerpiran je iz sto dvadeset čitanki i metoda francuskog jezika, od Drugog svetskog rata do 2013. g., reč je o metodama koje su objavljene na teritoriji bivše Jugoslavije, današnje Srbije i Francuske.U prvom delu rada objašnjeni su razlozi izbora teme, ciljevi rada kao i sama njegova struktura. Takođe je prikazano mesto koje zauzima učenje francuskog kao stranog jezika u obrazovnom sistemu aktuelne Srbije.Nakon toga izložen je teorijski pregled stavova kada su u pitanju pojmovi civilizacija, kultura i jezik, neodvojivi u učenju stranog jezika, kao i pojam interkulturalnosti, koja je jedna od nezaobilaznih kompetencija u nastavi stranih jezika danas. Potom je dato viđenje francuske i frankofone civilizacije u nastavi francuskog iz perspektive bivše i sadašnje teritorije naše države.U trećem delu rada objašnjen je pojam Frankofonije, razlozi zašto je značajna u nastavi francuskog, koja je njena uloga i šta ona zapravo danas predstavlja. Takođe je definisan pojam frankofonog elementa i dat opis udžbenika francuskog jezika, korišćenih od Drugog svetskog rata na prostoru današnje Srbije, kao i tematske kategorije prema kojima su klasifikovani frankofoni elementi.Četvrto poglavlje posvećeno je analizi korpusa koji je prethodno podeljen u sledeće tematske kategorije: „jezički varijeteti“, „geografija“, „slavne ličnosti, kulturni spomenici, istorija“, „grafičke umetnosti, skulptura i arhitektura“, „književnost“, „muzika“, „film“, „štampa i dokumentarni tekstovi“ i „stripovi“. U ovom delu rada prikazani su frankofoni elementi kroz osnovni pedagoški materijal, njihova upotreba, kao i jezičke kompetencije za koje su predviđeni.U poslednjoj fazi rada predložen je dodatni pedagoški materijal, nekoliko autentičnih frankofonih dokumenata, kao i njihova primena u nastavi francuskog kao stranog jezika, sve u cilju njihove bolje iskorišćenosti.VIIINa osnovu urađene analize izvodi se zaključak da frankofoni elementi nisu dovoljno zastupljeni u nastavi francuskog jezika i da bi trebalo da budu više prisutni, kroz različit i raznovrstan pedagoški materijal, pogotovo s obzirom na to da ih je moguće uklopiti u već postojeće udžbenike, za šta dajemo primere na samom kraju rada.U našem svetu višejezičnosti, mulitkulturalnosti i interkulturalnosti, budućnost francuskog jezika jeste u prihvatanju svih njegovih raznovrsnosti i različitosti.Our dissertation deals with elements of the Francophone civilization in teaching the French language. While teaching students with the French language knowledge (level A1-B2), we noticed that they are less familiar with elements of Francophone culture, and more familiar with elements of French culture, meaning the culture of the territory of present-day France. That led us to perform an analysis of Francophone elements in textbooks used for teaching French as a foreign language which are used on the territory of Serbia. Our corpus was extracted from a hundred and twenty textbooks and methods used for teaching the French language, starting from the period of World War Two up to 2013. These methods were published on the territory of former Yugoslavia, present-day Serbia, and present-day France.The first part of the dissertation explains the reasons behind the choice of the topic, the aims of dissertation and its structure. This part also indicates the position of learning French as a foreign language in the current educational system of Serbia.This is followed by a theoretical overview of perspectives on the notions of civilization, culture, and language which are inseparable in learning a foreign language, including the notion of interculturality which is one of the mandatory competencies in teaching foreign languages today. After that, a look at the French and Francophone civilization in teaching the French language from the perspectives of the former and present-day territory of our country is provided.The third part of the dissertation explains the notion of Francophony, provides the reasons why it is significant in teaching the French language, what its role is and what it represents today. The notion of a Francophone element is also defined with a description of French language textbooks used from the period of World War Two on the territory of present-day Serbia, including thematic categories according to which the Francophone elements are classified.The fourth chapter is dedicated to analyzing the corpus which has previously been divided into the following thematic categories: “language varieties”, “geography”, “famous persons, cultural monuments, history”, “graphic arts, sculpting, and architecture”, “literature”, “music”, “film”, “press and documentary texts”, and “comic books”. This part of the dissertation displays Francophone elements through basic pedagogical material, their use, as well as language competencies they are prescribed for.The last phase of the dissertation suggests additional pedagogical material, several authentic Francophone documents, as well as their application in teaching French as a foreign language, all with the aim of maximizing their use.XBased on the performed analysis, a conclusion can be made that the Francophone elements are underrepresented in teaching the French language and that their presence should be increased through various and diverse pedagogical material, especially when it is taken into consideration that they can be fitted into already existing textbooks which is displayed by examples at the very end of the dissertation.
32
Hwang, Jaeho. "The significance of regionalism as an element of China's security and foreign policy : the case of the Tumen River Area Development Project (TRADP)". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2293/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since the end of Cold War, processes of regionalisation have developed in a world experiencing globalisation. The Tumen River Area Development Project (TRADP) is an UNDP-initiated multilateral sub-regional scheme for economic cooperation that emerged in 1992 and was institutionalised by the establishment of the Tumen Secretariat in 1995. It is based on 'North-South' cooperation as well as a socialist-capitalist division of labour among six neighbouring countries (China, Russia, DPRK, ROK, Mongolia, and Japan), involving certain adjacent areas in the Tumen River region - which serves as a natural border for China, Russia, and North Korea. Arguing that the project has a significance that is more political than economic, the thesis will explore the significance of regionalism as an element of China's security and foreign policy. China was the project's most active supporter, from the late 1980s to the late 1990s. This thesis will argue that China developed the Tumen project not only as part of its own pursuit of domestic development, but also in order to take the initiative in regional economic development and to alter the distribution of power in Northeast Asia, in particular, the Korean Peninsula. The thesis will also attempt to explain why China has found it so difficult to bring the project to fruition. The Chinese government did not provide proper infrastructure and give the project high priority in its national development policy. As a result, the project could not be attractive to the private sector, which was to be the major source of international investment. Further, the participating countries were concerned about Chinese motives and the economic and political-security implications of the project for the region. Thus, the project came to be regarded as a political ploy and was treated accordingly. This research hopes to make a contribution in two major ways. One is to understand the characteristics and trends of regionalism in East Asia; and the other is to delineate the scope and limits of China's seemingly more interdependent, cooperative, and multilateral foreign behaviour since the late 1980s.
33
Vílchez, Veleda Alberto. "Intervención basada en conceptos sobre elementos de la conversación oral en estudiantes de ELE". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671634.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La tesis que aquí se presenta tiene como objetivo principal documentar la ampliación de
la toma de conciencia comunicativa de dos estudiantes de ELE de nivel B2 mediante la
aplicación de una secuencia didáctica en CBI que toma como referencia las
investigaciones se han realizado en esta línea en el ámbito de la gramática (Negueruela,
2003; García, 2012; Fernández, 2018), la pragmática (van Compernolle, 2012, van
Compernolle y Henery, 2014) y la formación de profesores (Esteve, 2018). Para llevar a
cabo este cometido, se promueve el desarrollo de dos conceptos: el continuo entre la
función transaccional e interpersonal (Hall, 2001) y los roles de los interlocutores (Di
Pietro, 1987). Para ello, se recogen tres tipos de datos con el fin de: i) indagar en las
bases de orientación de los estudiantes y en el conocimiento que declaran sobre la
conversación oral en español ii)mostrar el control sobre los conceptos en la evaluación
de diferentes conversaciones orales y iii)observar la producción de conversaciones en
escenarios. La investigación presenta como resultado el análisis de dos estudiantes que
forman parte de cada uno de los dos subgrupos que conforman esta investigación: el de
estudiantes que materializan sus bases de orientación en una representación que guía su
actuación y el de estudiantes que materializan sus bases de orientación en
representaciones que únicamente nombran los elementos que las forman.La tesi que aquí es presenta té com a objectiu principal documentar l'ampliació de la presa de consciència comunicativa de dos estudiants d'espanyol com a llengua estrangera (ELE) de nivell B2 mitjançant l'aplicació d'una seqüència didàctica en CBI que pren com a referència les recerques que s'han realitzat en aquesta línia en l'àmbit de la gramàtica (Negueruela, 2003; García, 2012; Fernández, 2018), la pragmàtica (van Compernolle, 2012, van Compernolle i Henery, 2014) i la formació de professors (Esteve, 2018). Per a dur a terme aquesta comesa, es promou el desenvolupament de dos conceptes: el continu entre la funció transaccional i interpersonal (Hall, 2001) i els rols dels interlocutors (Di Pietro, 1987). Per a això, es recullen tres tipus de dades amb la finalitat de: i) indagar en les bases d'orientació dels estudiants i en el coneixement que declaren sobre la conversa oral en espanyol ii)mostrar el control sobre els conceptes en l'avaluació de diferents converses orals i iii)observar la producció de converses en escenaris. La recerca presenta com a resultat l'anàlisi de dos estudiants que formen part de cadascun dels dos subgrups que conformen aquesta recerca: el d'estudiants que materialitzen les seves bases d'orientació en una representació que guia la seva actuació i el d'estudiants que materialitzen les seves bases d'orientació en representacions que únicament nomenen els elements que les formen.
The main objective of this dissertation is to extend the communicative awareness of a group of students of Spanish as a Foreign Language (ELE) at level B2 through the application of a didactic sequence in CBI that takes as a reference the previous studies carried out in this line in the field of grammar (Negueruela, 2003; García, 2012; Fernández, 2018), pragmatics (van Compernolle, 2012, van Compernolle and Henery, 2014) and teacher training (Esteve, 2018). To carry out this task, the development of two concepts is promoted: the continuum between the transactional and interpersonal function (Hall, 2001) and the roles of the interlocutors (Di Pietro, 1987). For this purpose, three types of data are collected in order to: i) investigate the students' orienting basis of action and the knowledge they declare about oral conversation in Spanish ii) show the control over the concepts in the evaluation of different oral conversations and iii) observe the production of conversations in scenarios. The research presents as a result the analysis of two students that are part of each of the two subgroups that make up this research: the students that materialize their orienting basis of action in a representation that guides their performance and the students that materialize their orienting basis of action in representations that only name the elements that form them.
34
Rubio, Jose E. "Modal Characterization and Structural Dynamic Response of a Crane Fly Forewing". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1941.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study describes a method for conducting the structural dynamic analysis of a crane fly (family Tipulidae) forewing under different airflow conditions. Wing geometry is captured via micro-computed tomography scanning. A finite element model of the forewing is developed from the reconstructed model of the scan. The finite element model is validated by comparing the natural frequencies of an elliptical membrane with similar dimensions of the crane fly forewing to its analytical solution. Furthermore, a simulation of the fluid-structure interaction of the forewing under different airflows is performed by coupling the finite element model of the wing with a computation fluid dynamics model. From the finite element model, the mode shapes and natural frequencies are investigated; similarly, from the fluid-structure interaction, the time-varying out-of-plane deformation, and the coefficients of drag and lift are determined.
35
Kvist, Geverts Karin. "Ett främmande element i nationen : Svensk flyktingpolitik och de judiska flyktingarna 1938−1944". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9203.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim is to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of social categorization and discrimination, as well as the connection between them. This has been accomplished by examining Swedish refugee policy towards Jewish refugees during the Second World War and the Holocaust, as conducted by The Foreigner’s Bureau of the National Board of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during 1938−1944. The study also compares the Swedish refugee policy with that of Denmark, Switzerland, Great Britain and the United States. The investigation is guided by such concepts as social categorization, discrimination, antisemitism, organizational culture and established practice. The primary sources are documents, minutes and personal dossiers; Svensk författningssamling (legislation) and articles in Sociala Meddelanden (the National Board’s official journal).
The main conclusions are that Sweden was not perceived as a country of immigration, based partly of the widespread fear that too many Jewish refugees would create a “Jewish Question”. Swedish authorities discriminated against Jewish refugees on grounds of “race” through a process of categorization. This process began already in the 1920’s, and gradually transformed the definition of “Jew” from a religious to a “racial” definition, based on the Nuremberg Laws. The differentiation of Jewish refugees in official statistics ceased in September 1943, yet it continued secretly until February 1944, encompassing the Norwegian and Danish Jews as well. One important result shows that the shift in policy – from discrimination to large scale reception – was a slow process where this differentiating practice and antisemitic perceptions remained operative. What is defined as an antisemitic background bustle is used to explain how moderate antisemitic expressions were perceived as “unbiased” and “normal” within the Swedish society. Though Sweden’s refugee policy seems similar to that of other countries surveyed, the shift in policy stands out as unique in comparison.
36
Deumié, Florence. "The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the international trade of genetically modified organisms : a new element of the conflict between trade and the environment". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31156.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present thesis deals with the international legal consequences of the Biosafety Protocol. If this Protocol answers the problem of GMOs, by enforcing the application of the precautionary principle to the international trade of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), it does not solve the conflict between the interests of trade and those of the environment. On the contrary, the Biosafety Protocol conflicts with the rules of the GATT and the national norms inspired by it would risk being contested before the dispute-settlement institutions of the World Trade Organisation. The Protocol therefore constitutes a new element in the conflict, pre-existing and unsolved, which sets the implicit supremacy of the GATT against the international environmental norms. It confirms the necessity to find a solution enabling the equal authority and mutual respect of the international environmental and trade rules.All information is correct as at 14 November 2000.
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Lima, Alexsandro Soares de. "Controle de cargas conteinerizadas utilizando elementos da cadeia logística segura e do programa brasileiro de Operador Econômico Autorizado (OEA)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-14062016-110624/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O presente trabalho propõe um processo para auxiliar a tarefa de implantação de controles de Cadeia Logística Segura para a importação e exportação de cargas conteinerizadas, transportadas pelo modal rodoviário. Está em consonância com a legislação brasileira atual, no que se refere à Receita Federal do Brasil e demais Órgãos Anuentes. Além disso, inclui, também, as novas diretrizes do Programa Brasileiro de Operador Econômico Autorizado que teve seu início na primeira quinzena de Dezembro de 2014, bem como os aspectos principais do quadro SAFE, da Organização Mundial das Aduanas (OMA) e do programa americano Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT). O processo proposto no trabalho contempla a instrumentação dos controles e seus principais pontos de integração de dados, estágio em que grande parte dos operadores econômicos atuais se encontra. A proposta justifica-se pela complexidade dos processos de cadeias logísticas, sua importância para o comércio exterior e, portanto, para a economia do país, que exigem um aperfeiçoamento constante para atender à competitividade crescente dos mercados, controlar e gerenciar riscos e incertezas dos tempos da globalização. A metodologia do trabalho de pesquisa constou de estudos sobre o significado de cadeia logística segura, legislações e normatizações existentes, principais tecnologias utilizadas no Brasil e no mundo e suas estratégias de integração de sistemas, com enfoque em alguns projetos de gestão já existentes no país. O porto de Santos foi tomado como campo principal de pesquisa. O trabalho evidenciou a importância da presença de três características fundamentais em um processo de cadeia logística segura: ser instrumentado, integrado e inteligente. Considera-se que, a partir do processo proposto, será possível aumentar o grau de inteligência de uma cadeia logística, de forma a gerenciar e mitigar os potenciais riscos de forma mais racional.This assay proposes a process to assist the task of implantation of controls of Secure Supply Chain to importation and exportation of containerized cargo, transported by road. It is pursuant to the current Brazilian laws, as it concerns Receita Federal do Brasil and other consenting authorities. In addition, it also includes the new guidelines of the Brazilian Authorized Economic Operator Program, which began on the first fortnight of December 2014, as well as the main aspects of the SAFE Framework, from the World Customs Organization (WCO) and the C-TPAT program (Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism). The proposal is justified by the complexity of the supply chain processes, their importance to the foreign trade and therefore, to the countrys economy, which require constant improvement in order to meet the growing competitiveness within markets and to control and manage risks and uncertainties of globalization times. The methodology of this assay consists of studies on the meaning of secure supply chain, existing laws and standards, main technologies used in Brazil and throughout the world and their strategies of system integration, focusing on some management projects already existing in the country. The Port of Santos was taken as main research field. This assay provides evidence of the importance of three fundamental characteristics in a secure supply chain process: to be instrumented, integrated and intelligent. The proposed methodology contemplates instrumentation of the processes and their key points of integration, a stage in which great part of the existing economic operators can be found currently. From this point on, it will be possible to increase its degree of intelligence in such a way as to manage and mitigate risks more rationally.
38
Полянська, Є. А. "Правове регулювання спадкових відносин з іноземним елементом". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66424.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Зараз мільйони громадян є суб’єктами найрізноманітніших відносин, у тому числі й
спадкових. Відносини виникають незалежно від місця постійного проживання, саме тому
це може бути як в Україні, так і поза її межами. На жаль, у разі смерті за кордоном або
знаходження майна за межами України виникає ряд правових проблем, серед яких й
питання регулювання спадкових відносин.
39
Neacsa, Vasile I. "The black sea economic cooperation as an element of regional stability and security". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211093.
Testo completo
40
Hostert, Marc. "Stratégie d’internationalisation d’une Petite Economie Mature Ouverte (PEMO) : le cas du Luxembourg : déterminants, défis et leviers". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0905/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L’attractivité des territoires vis-à-vis des investissements directs étrangers constitue, avec l’ouverture accrue des espaces économiques et politiques, un élément clé de l’intensification des flux d’échanges et d’investissements.Pour tous les pays et, plus particulièrement, pour ceux ne disposant pas d’un marché national important, l’établissement d’un diagnostic d’attractivité et la détermination d’axes prioritaires de développement constituent une démarche fondamentale applicable particulièrement à l’exemple du Luxembourg, une économie considérée comme une petite économie mature ouverte (PEMO).A travers cette recherche, on s’attachera à appliquer et à adapter un modèle d’analyse des fondements de l’attractivité, puis un modèle de détermination des orientations économiques et institutionnelles à privilégier.Cette recherche conduit à définir une démarche prospective structurée, appliquée à la PEMO considérée :- en partant de l’établissement d’une liste de déterminants de compétitivité et d’attractivité ayant potentiellement trait à une PEMO en général, validée ensuite pour le cas concret du Luxembourg par un panel de décideurs ;- en permettant l’établissement d’un diagnostic d’attractivité portant sur la situation actuelle de la PEMO considérée ;- pour déboucher sur la détermination d’activités prioritaires et de profilsd’investisseurs directs étrangers à privilégier, dans un « espace de référence » géo - sectoriel reconsidéré.Cette recherche devrait permettre d’identifier les secteurs d’investissement les plus attractifs pour les entreprises étrangères dans une PEMO comme le LuxembourgTogether with increased economic and political openness, a location’s or territory’s attractiveness and competitiveness for foreign direct investment (FDI) are key elements for intensifying investment and trade flows.For countries, especially those without a national market of significant scale, establishing a way to identify and analyse priorities for economic development is fundamental.This research defines a general analytical framework applicable to the concepts of attractiveness and competitiveness, and, building on this framework, develops a specific model that could assist key institutions as to identify their preferred orientations in the specific context of an economy considered as a small open mature economy (SOME), in particular, Luxembourg.This research will lead to the definition of a prospective structured approach by:- providing a list of factors which potentially influence the competitiveness and attractiveness of SOMEs; this list having been validated with respect to Luxembourgby national decision makers;- establishing a method for analysing the current situation regarding attractiveness and competitiveness in Luxembourg; and- identifying priority sectors for FDI that could be targeted in a specific location/territory of reference such as Luxembourg
41
Stark, Laure. "L'internationalité en droit international privé". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCF005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L’internationalité est une notion centrale du droit international privé, que celui-ci n’est pourtant jamais parvenu à définir clairement. La construction européenne et les différents phénomènes de déspatialisation induits par la mondialisation en ont compliqué encore davantage l’appréhension, en introduisant une différenciation entre les situations européennes et les situations purement internationales et en remettant partiellement en cause la localisation étatique de certaines situations juridiques, qualifiées de transnationales, voire d'anationales. Les difficultés définitionnelles qui ont toujours affecté la notion d’internationalité gagnent en outre aujourd’hui en visibilité et en importance en raison de l’accroissement du nombre de situations internationales. Dans ce contexte, sont premièrement proposées certaines solutions aux problèmes d’appréhension les plus courants de l’internationalité, ainsi que l’adoption d’une approche fonctionnelle de la notion, qui permet d’en définir les contours avec une précision satisfaisante. Partant ensuite du constat que l’existence de l’internationalité déclenche l’application des règles de droit international privé, qui conduisent à un régime juridique souvent différent et plus favorable que celui qui est réservé aux situations internes par le droit interne, il est démontré que cette différence de traitement résultant de l’internationalité n’est pas toujours justifiée, en ce qu’elle n’est pas toujours commandée par la prise en charge de besoins propres à l’internationalité. S’agissant de l’influence de la régionalisation européenne et de la déspatialisation sur le régime des situations internationales, nous questionnerons enfin partiellement l’opportunité de l’instauration par le droit de l’Union européenne d’une régime juridique différent pour les situations européennes et les situations purement internationales, d’une part, et concluons à l’adéquation des méthodes actuelles de droit international privé pour réglementer les situations transnationales, d’autre partInternationality is a central concept of private international law, which has however never been clearly defined. The construction of Europe and the several phenomena of despatialization brought about by globalization have made it even more difficult to grasp by introducing a differentiation between European and truly international situations and by partially calling into question the spatial localization of certain legal situations, qualified as transnational or even anational. The definitional difficulties that have always affected the notion of internationality are today gaining in visibility and importance as a result of the increase in the number of international situations. In this context, we first propose certain solutions to the most common problems of apprehension of internationality, as well as the adoption of a functional approach to the concept, which makes it possible to define its contours with satisfactory precision. Secondly, starting from the observation that the existence of internationality triggers the application of the rules of private international law, which lead to a legal regime that is often different and more favorable than that reserved for internal situations by domestic law, it is shown that this difference in treatment resulting from internationality is not always justified, in that it is not driven by the needs specific to internationality. Similarly, the appropriateness of establishing a legal regime specific to European situations as compared with truly international situations is partly questioned. With regard to the influence of European regionalization and despatialization on the regime of international situations, we finally partially question the appropriateness of the establishment by EU-law of a different legal regime for European situations and truly international situations, on the one hand, and conclude that the current methods of private international law are adequate to regulate transnational situations, on the other hand
42
Li, Suogui, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts e School of Humanities and Languages. "A cognitive approach to foreign-inspired Chinese terms". 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/26322.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis has aimed to set out the classification and word production of foreign-inspired Chinese terms (FICT) within the language system of modern Chinese. FICT refers to a group of vocabulary items in Chinese as a recipient language, where formation is motivated by foreign entities or concepts and designated by some foreign words, but no established foreign elements are in fact transferred from the donor language. The thesis establishes a group of terms identified as a particular category of Chinese borrowings according to the motivation of word production, concerning human bodily perception and cognition experience of foreign entities or concepts. Chinese borrowing is categorized as four types: phonic loans, semantic loans, loan blends and FICT, based on the motivation of sound, form and meaning of foreign words, and sensory perception and cognition of foreign entities and concepts. Cognitive semantics, adopted as an approach in the thesis, is a study of mind and its relationship with embodied experience and culture. Employing language as a key methodological tool for uncovering conceptual organization and structure, this study explores the methods of FICT word production, such as sensory perceptual and metaphorical production in terms of principles of cognitive semantics within the Chinese language system. The various types of Chinese borrowings are analysed in terms of the theory of categorization, and FICT in particular are examined under the semantic model proposed here. It is hoped that the thesis is able to open a new approach to the investigation of Chinese loan words and the process of FICT word production within cognitive semantics.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
43
Scheffer, C. J. "Zum primarsprachlichen Wortschatz einer Erhebungsgruppe Deutsch-Pretorianer / Beinvloeding van die Duitse woordeskat van 'n ondersoekgroep Duitssprekendes in Pretoria". Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29956.
Testo completo
44
Dewivedi, Neeraj. "Role of foreign elements and layered strucutres on hydrogenated diamond-like carbon thin films". Thesis, 2013. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/6715.
Testo completo
45
Hsu, Ling-Yin, e 許伶因. "The Study on Choice of Law in CorporateMatters Involving Foreign Elements－－Focusing onInternal Affairs Doctrine". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8n7n97.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
106
A personal law of corporation is a doctrine that attached to the corporation. It means that the law that regulates the corporate legal status should not change because of the corporate location. Including but not limited to decide the matters of corporate personality and internal organization. A personal law of corporation is mainly about governing the internal affairs of corporation and it uses incorporation and domicile as connecting factors mostly. lex incorporationis, the internal affairs doctrine that is applied in England and most of the states in the U.S. provides that the internal affairs of a corporation are governed by the law of the state where the corporation is chartered. Influenced by common law choice-of-law doctrine, Taiwan amended private international law, “Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements” in 2010. Article 14 accepts the concept that a personal law of corporation is mainly about governing the internal affairs of corporation and for the purpose of consistency and predictability of the applicable law of corporation internal affairs, it also changes the connecting factors of personal law of corporation from domicile theory to incorporation theory. Due to the internal affair doctrine, application of law becomes more convenient and predictable, but it also creates some issues. A lot of corporations incorporate in a foreign jurisdiction in order to minimize liability, taxes and regulatory interference even if the corporation has minimal business contact with the incorporated state and the principal place of business, source of fund and domicile of shareholders are still domestic. In this scenario, it will harm the right of the shareholders and creditors if we just apply incorporated state law and ignore domestic law. In this study, we try to examine the context of the internal affairs doctrine, which is a judge-made choice of law in U.S. We also concentrate on observing Section 2115 of the California Corporation Code which involves the regulation of pseudo-foreign corporation. After that, we will discuss the applicable law of the cases that one of the parties is an offshore company with true owner as Taiwan citizen. Clarifying the scope and coverage of internal issues is a prerequisite for application of internal affairs doctrine. Under the contractual theory of the corporation, shareholders basing on contract principle to choose the law that governing the corporation''s internal affairs; therefore, it should not get the power to bind third parties. However, in some situation, the operation and governance of the corporation involve third parties’ interests essentially, and making the relationships between internal and external affairs seem ambiguous. In addition, when corporate disputes are foreign- related, and are concern with public benefits or other legal relationships at the same time, it is important to explore the subjects of characterization and choice-of-law. All of above are issues that we are facing when we discuss the practice in the application of internal affairs doctrine. This thesis attempts to provide a different approach via reviewing and analyzing the practical judgments and scholar’s views, and hopes that this will contribute to the discussion and research on the law applicable to corporation matters involving foreign elements in Taiwan.
46
Mkhavele, Khombumuni Julia. "Nkanelo wa ntshikelelo wa xinghezi eka swephemu swin'wana swa Xitsonga". Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/178.
Testo completo
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Naharto, Merlyn, e 楊惠鈴. "The Perfect Blend of Atmospheric Elements in Taiwan's Coffee Shop: A Conjoint Analysis in Foreign Consumer Preference". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/eycmw4.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士中國文化大學
國際企業管理學系
103
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide and appreciated not only for its taste but also for its stimulating impact on several aspects concerning well being. Different from the circumstances witnessed in 1940’s and 1950’s, when drinking coffee in Taiwan was considered as a social activity reserved for the upper class and the opulent such as socialites, celebrities, tycoons, and the analogy, nowadays, coffee is literally a common beverage consumed globally. There are various types of coffee shops burgeoning in Taiwan; as a result, a fierce competition has been seen among them to appeal to more patrons. One of the innovative ways is by providing an expedient shopping environment that can meet customers’ needs. Atmospheric elements are one of the often-forgotten elements, influencing consumer purchase decision profoundly. The consumer purchasing decision is a result processed through the following considerations, such as 1) the brand of product category; 2) places to visit; 3) time of purchases; 4) amount of purchase, etc. Most significantly, the ambience regarding a coffee shop could influence consumer responses drastically. A large number of foreigners either traveling or residing in Taiwan tend to consume coffee daily, which could immensely help boost the emerging coffee industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the preference of foreign consumers, specifically, as regard to the atmospheric elements amid Taiwan’s coffee shops. This study integrates both qualitative and quantitative research method. Since previous studies relevant to this research topic are limited, qualitative study is firstly employed by focus group interviews to eight foreigners whom are indulged in patronizing the coffee shops in Taiwan. Then, a questionnaire is implemented on 100 foreigners to determine the top three atmospheric elements: scent, music, and lighting. Another in- depth interview is conducted on three coffee-shop managers to finalize the stage of items and its level generation. Finally, a quantitative study method collects questionnaires from 300 foreigners living in Taiwan and the data is analyzed by conjoint analysis method. The findings of this research, specifically, contribute to the food and beverage services and hospitality industry in Taiwan, i.e. coffee shops.
48
Hsuan-JuChen e 陳玄儒. "The Study of the International Jurisdiction and the Applicable Law in Intellectual Property Cases Involving Foreign Elements". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86818009565765068187.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立成功大學
法律學系
101
Under the principle of legality of right in intellectual property (IP) right and territorialism, IP rights can’t be departed from the law which recognized its existence and gave validity, and its territorial nature limits its cross-board force. Due to the difference in IP rights laws in different countries, the different applicable laws in the same issue result in different outcomes and lead to the conflict of laws. There is no unitary international civil procedural law and international choice of laws rules currently, so this thesis focused on the determination of the international jurisdiction and ascertainment of the applicable law in IP rights cases involving foreign elements. This thesis divided the IP rights cases into three issues: the existence and validity of rights, assignment and licence contracts, and infringement, to compare with the differences of the application of the new and old laws in Taiwan, and center on the analysis of comparative law to understand the current international trend via the international norms, the rules drawn up by the international academic groups and other countries’ laws, it can be the reference for our country’s future legislation. There is no express rule under the Taiwan law for the international jurisdiction in IP disputes. On the basis of the registration procedure is closely related to the national sovereignty of the country where the right is established, this thesis approves that the action of existence and validity of registered IP rights, the court in the State where the rights has been registered shall have exclusive jurisdiction in relevant international norms. And whether the scope of exclusive jurisdiction in infringement proceedings is controversial, as the result of the action of infringement doesn’t involve the problems of right itself and registration, it is appropriate that infringement proceedings shall not apply to the exclusive jurisdiction rule. The international jurisdiction of the actions of infringement or contracts on the assignment or licence contracts of IP rights is determined by the general rule - the general jurisdiction rule of ‘actor sequitur forum rei’ and the special jurisdiction rules of torts or contracts. It is uncontroversial that parties can make the choice of court agreements in contract matters, this thesis agrees to the choice of court agreements in infringements matters, which is based on the reason that the infringement actions don’t apply to the exclusive jurisdiction and mainly judge whether the rights was infringed and the remedies. The new Law Governing the Application of Laws to Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements in Taiwan which came into effect in 2011 set up an applicable law rule of IP rights, which adopts ‘Lex Loci Protectionis’, the law of the State for which protection is claimed, and Article 42 only deals with the issues of IP rights itself. The international tendency of choice of law rules on the cases of existence and validity of rights and the infringement of rights both are lex loci protectionis, adopting the lex loci protectionis is conformed to the territorialism and also made judges closer to parties’ demand. In addition, the application of principle of party autonomy in disputes on IP rights infringement is generally recognized, however, the scope of the party autonomy is not quite identical. Party autonomy is recognized internationally with regard to the choice of applicable law in contracts on assignment or licence contracts of IP rights cases, and when the law applicable to the contract has not been chosen by the parties, the law of the country with which it is most closely connected shall be apply. Through the ‘Characteristic Performance’, it becomes a more explicit rule to ascertain the ‘most closely connected’. From the analysis of comparative law, the laws of international jurisdiction and applicable law in IP rights in Taiwan indeed have the demand and need the improvement in types and detailed regulations. Through the study of this thesis intends to provide the suggestions in practice and law amending on the parts which the law doesn’t cover, which leads to the consistence with the internal and foreign judgments, and reaches to the goal of private international law.
49
Hugo, Ina-Mart. "North Korea's construction of power: the six party talks, Morgenthau's elements of national power, 'realist-constructivism' and the eternal revolution - the domination of a narrative". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22229.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. (International Relations))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities, 2016The Six Party Talks is a multilateral forum created to facilitate the DPRK’s (the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, or North Korea) denuclearisation, between 2003 and 2007. This paper will look at how the character of the relationship that North Korea had with other states allowed the North to manipulate the Talks in such a way that it managed to continue with its nuclear weapons programme. The content of these Talks makes them unique and shows how power perception (heightened in negotiations that involve a focus on deterrence, state survival and regional stability) dictates outcomes. The intent of the study is to explore how ‘power’ can be manipulated because it has to be mediated by perception. In essence, ‘perception’ creates a space for North Korea to manipulate the ‘reality’ within which all the states involved function. This study aims to show that it can build on currently existing assumptions that relate to negotiation and power, specifically Zartman’s explanation of power as a perceived relation. The paper argues that within the context of denuclearisation, the understanding of power perception needs to be qualified. It explores whether, in the context of the Six Party Talks in particular, ‘power’ can be analysed with a purely realist paradigm. Constructed meanings for resources that seem to exist purely within an objective reality (for realists) can alter the value of these resources. The argument therefore builds onto the realist foundation of Zartman’s approach to the analysis of negotiations, by showing how a state like North Korea can change the value of an objective reality by creating certain meanings for the elements that comprise this reality. It is interested in building on certain assumptions made by realists (including Hans Morgenthau (1993)), as well as certain assumptions concerning a structural approach to the analysis of negotiations (Zartman 2008: 100); in order to provide a more nuanced perspective regarding North Korea’s behaviour during the Six Party Talks, in relation to its interactions towards the other parties in the Talks (specifically the US, China and South Korea), as well as their reactions to the North’s provocations. To create this nuance, it uses constructivist elements to show how North Korea, during the time in which the Six Party Talks took place, manipulated reality to such an extent that it dictated the options that the other states had in relation to the DPRK’s nuclear weapons programme.
MT2017
50
Li, Wei-Lun, e 利唯綸. "A Study on the Law Applicable to Foreign Contracts － Discussing with the Revised Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements in Taiwan". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/am43ef.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士逢甲大學
財經法律研究所
103
Due to the advancement of technology and great accessibility to the other countries, having a business or making a contract with another country is not limited by the traffic now. Especially our country Taiwan is an island state where depend on the International trade for its economics. Since the contract dispute involves with foreign elements, there are some national laws which relating to the contracts would be considered in this event. Therefore, which law the court will apply to the case that the parties are most concern about, because the rights enforcement will be differently by different law. In Taiwan, the latest Private International Law (The Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements) officially came into effect the conflict of laws in 2010. It referred to the American Law Institute that completed the compilation of the Restatement Second, Conflict of Laws in 1971. The “Doctrine of the Most Significant Relationship” became the core theory of the Second Restatement, and the “Theory of the Characteristic Performance” which is the main topic of convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations, also known as Rome Convention that was completed by the European Economic Community in 1980. These two theories now became an extremely significant principles in the Private International Law in the whole world. After Taiwan had followed upon this trend of conflict of laws revised, this thesis noticed that if the new theories were capable of used or not and tried to bring up some comments and advices for the new choice of law of Private International Law over foreign legislation, judicial cases and the International Convention.