Tesi: "Foreign aid"

1

Sundsten, Melinda. "Foreign aid and corruption : Ethical aspects of foreign aid". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296380.

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This literary analysis focuses on the correlation between foreign aid and corruption. The “Capabilities Approach” by Amartya Sen is used to discuss how to, and who is responsible for, developing an ethically justified aid policy. Arguments and ideas from five different sources have been analyzed. The primary sources are African Development by Todd Moss, Corruption and Development by Georg Cremer, Lord of Poverty by Graham Hancock, The White Man’s Burden by William Easterly, and Internationalisation of corruption by Daniela Herrmann and Clare Fletcher. This study analyzes three questions. Firstly, does foreign aid affect the level of corruption, and how? Secondly, how do you measure development and justice? Thirdly, who is considered accountable? The results show that there is a connection between aid and corruption and that the aid agencies together with the governments have the primary responsibility to improve the policy and reconstruct the organizations. The policy should focus on enhancing the quality of life of the individual.

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2

Farooq, Sohail. "Assessing foreign aid, the case of foreign aid to the education sector". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3691/.

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The ultimate financial responsibility for improving educational access, participation, and quality lies with national governments. However, for many countries, particularly the poorest, educational progress depends, to a significant extent, on economic assistance coming from bilateral and multilateral donors. This study tries to understand how donors mobilize and allocate their resources to promote the education sector in the developing world, and to what extent they are successful in doing so. Our primary interest lies in the analysis of donor agencies and their behaviours, rather than the situations of education aid recipient countries. In addition to a chapter for the introduction and another for the conclusion, we assess education aid with the help of three interlinked studies. First, we look at how donors resource transfers have affected education sector achievements in education aid recipient countries. Second, we examine how donors commit their education aid resources for education in developing countries. Third, we present the determinants of the donors efforts (the total volume of education aid that a donor country makes available to the all recipients) in providing foreign aid for the education sector.

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3

Carter, Patrick William. "Essays on foreign aid". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540905.

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4

Akramov, Kamiljon T. "Governance and foreign aid allocation". Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2006. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgsd_issertations/RGSD202/.

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5

Salmonsson, Martin. "Foreign aid : an elite survey". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-915.

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The inability of foreign aid to generate an appropriate model for development and the complexities related to Official Development Assistance (ODA) to the “Third World” are what initiated my interest to write about foreign aid. In this study I seek to further elabo-rate on this complex issue on foreign aid; does it lead to development or dependency?

Within the debate, the controversy exists around aid dependency and economic growth and is fuelled by the fact that Sub-Saharan Africa has barely achieved any poverty reduction since the 1960´s. Mr. William Easterly an ex-World Bank employee represents the critical opinion to Foreign Aid. He argues that the international foreign aid programme is characterized by a westernized, patronizing and post-colonial approach, which yields dependency rather than development in today’s world of free-market economies. Foreign aid as we know it must therefore be abolished. Mr. Jeffrey Sachs Current World Bank employee and UN secretary advisor represents the supporters of foreign aid. He argues that foreign aid works efficiently and calls for the doubling of foreign aid and the need for donor countries to reach the one percent target of GDP.

In this case study of foreign aid, the subject under investigation (the argumentation within the public debate) is studied through a historical perspective. Secondly a comparison will be made between the public debate and the way this issue is discussed among field workers.

An interesting observation when analyzing the discussions on foreign aid efficiency in international aid programme is that the polarization witnessed in the public- or “elite” debate is not as obvious when analyzing the opinion of aid-workers. This would imply that uncertainty about aid efficiency is exaggerated in the public debate.

By resolving problems of classical development theories, rather than rethinking the purpose of aid based on its positive affects, foreign aid may be robbed of its real potential.

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6

Baldock, Penny Jean. "Australian attitudes to foreign aid /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb178.pdf.

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7

Van, De Sijpe Nicolas. "Foreign aid and government behaviour". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530083.

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8

Skarda, Ieva. "Essays on foreign development aid". Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20886/.

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The first part of this thesis demonstrates how economic inequality in the aid recipient country is detrimental to aid effectiveness. We model a recipient country that is characterised by a relatively rich local elite and poor rest of the population that compete over economic resources. Foreign aid is shown to be more effective when there is lower economic inequality, because of the lower contesting ability of the elite in this scenario. This hypothesis is supported by evidence using data from 59 recipient countries over 1971-2005. The second part of the thesis analyses two types of aid using a neoclassical growth framework, integrating the economies of aid donor and recipient. The focus is on the comparison between aid invested in social projects, such as building schools, hospitals, and aid invested in economic projects, such as building roads and bridges. Both types of aid are assumed to raise the productivity of the households in the recipient country, but social aid is also allowed to have a `direct effect' on the utility of these households. The projects can also differ in terms of their productivity and aid wastage levels. Because of this `direct effect' social aid has an advantage over economic aid. However, when the social-aid wastage exceeds a certain level, the advantage of the social aid rapidly decreases in the level of social aid wastage, up to a point of becoming negligible. This questions whether the recent surge in social aid can be justified in countries with social sectors characterised by high aid wastage.

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9

Alam, Nabeela. "Politics, Trade and Foreign Aid". Thesis, Brandeis University, International Business School, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721587.

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This dissertation examines the influence of donor-driven and recipient-driven interests on foreign aid allocation.

Chapter 1 examines how the donor's trade interests together with elections and the political competitiveness of electoral processes in recipient countries are associated with bilateral foreign aid flows. US gives more aid to its non-competitive larger trade partners, but cuts their aid ahead of elections. It substitutes aid with market access for non-competitive countries for which it is an important export market, but not during election years. Germany, Japan and UK give more aid to countries with competitive electoral systems, but for these countries Japan and UK substitute aid with trade. The substitution disappears for UK during election years. Japan and UK also reward countries for which they are important export markets with more aid, but only during non-election years for Japan. During election years, Germany cuts aid to non-competitive countries, but gives more aid to non-competitive countries for which it is an export destination. There is weak evidence that France substitutes aid with market access for politically competitive countries.

Chapter 2 focuses on recipient incentives. I extend the Grossman and Helpman (1996) model of elections and special interests by adding foreign aid. I show that with conditional aid when the preferred policy of the donor and that of the special interest group are not aligned, the latter has an incentive to alter election probabilities so that the opposition party wins and implements the lobby's preferred policy. Under these circumstances, the government has an incentive to substitute away from conditional foreign aid. Furthermore, if the government has a higher probability of winning under unconditional aid, the lobby succeeds in asking the government to deviate the most in its policy stance.

In Chapter 3 I examine how China's growing importance as an export destination is related to countries' UN voting alignment with the US, and whether this relationship is different if the countries export oil and mineral resources that China. I find regional differences in UN voting alignment response. Latin American countries and Sub-Saharan African countries not heavily reliant on exports of oil and minerals show decreased political alignment with increased export dependence on China. UN voting alignment for the resource exporters from Sub-Saharan Africa do not vary with export dependence on China. Instead, they have a lower level of UN alignment with the US.

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10

Erlichová, Linda. "Foreign aid and its effectiveness". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17935.

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Purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyze foreign aid as a stabile part of nations expenditures of all developed countries since 60's. But at the same time foreign aid not being important enough for developed countries to manage it more effectively. This diploma thesis analyses among others development of different economic approaches on this topic, financial flows of this sort since the beginning and also an analysis of foreign aid as whole as well as some of its parts. I`m also trying to find reasons why developed nations provide foreign aid and also motives for accepting it by developing nations. Also trade liberalisation is described as the only way of solving foreign aid poor effeciency.

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11

ERDOZAIN, ASIER. "GLOBAL POVERTY AND FOREIGN AID". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/501189.

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Sebbene sia comunemente riconosciuto che la povertà non rappresenti una condizione auspicabile in nessuna società, alla luce della grande quantità di dati e studi in materia, diventa difficile difendere la persistenza della stessa a causa dell'impossibilità di trovare un efficace metodo per sradicarla. Le prove presentate per sostenere l'idea che la povertà globale sia prevenibile, sono l’essenza delle forze motivazionali che guidano l'elaborazione di questa tesi. Esse sono, in ultima analisi, innescate da un genuino interesse per la comprensione dei fattori che, attualmente, costringono circa 1 miliardo di persone a vivere in una condizione di precarietà. Inoltre, tale interesse è nutrito dal paradosso per il quale nonostante le persone in genere rifiutino e condannino la miseria umana, gli strumenti principali che sono stati messi in atto dalla comunità internazionale per sradicare tale fenomeno —basandosi in modo significativo su aiuti pubblici allo sviluppo (APS)— godano di grande legittimità anche se non presentano né risultati chiari né pure intenzioni di sviluppo. In sede di esame del sistema di cooperazione internazionale, sembra emergere un divario tra la realtà e la retorica tradizionale sul tema , il quale può generare alcuni dubbi non solo circa l'adeguatezza delle attuali pratiche di lotta alla povertà, ma anche riguardo le normative su cui si basano tali pratiche. Questa tesi di dottorato analizza la povertà globale —così come l’APS— non solo da un punto di vista della pratica politica (attraverso la ricerca quantitativa e qualitativa), ma anche da una prospettiva filosofico-normativa. Dopo un primo capitolo descrittivo riguardante l’APS, i risultati di questa strategia multidisciplinare vengono presentati divisi in tre capitoli corrispondenti ai tre approcci (quantitativi, qualitativi e normativi), ciascuno dei quali é incluso in un documento accademico. Nel complesso, essi indicano l'idea che oggi - anche se ci sono abbastanza elementi che sembrano innescare chiari e imperativi doveri morali positivi che impongono di combattere la povertà globale - ci troviamo immersi in un paradigma di sviluppo che è intensamente rafforzato dai principali attori coinvolti, che dedicano sforzi eccezionali a diffondere ampiamente lodi e complimenti a un sistema di cooperazione internazionale i cui risultati sono fortemente discutibili.
Although it seems commonly agreed upon that poverty does not represent a desirable outcome in any society, in light of the large amount of data and studies on the subject, it becomes hard to defend the persistence of poverty as a result of the impossibility of finding the right path to eradicate it. The evidence raised to support the idea that global poverty is preventable is at the core of the motivational forces driving the elaboration of this thesis, which is ultimately triggered by a genuine interest in understanding the underlying factors that allow around 1 billion people to live precariously at the present moment. Moreover, such interest is nourished by the paradox that although people generally reject and condemn human misery, the main instruments that have been put in place by the international community to eradicate it —relying significantly on Official Development Assistance (ODA)—enjoy great legitimacy even though they do not exhibit nor clear results neither pure developmental intentions. A gap between reality and the traditional rhetoric on the topic seems to emerge when scrutinising the international cooperation apparatus; a gap that can provoke some doubts not only about the adequacy of the current practices for fighting poverty but also regarding the normative grounds on which such practices rest. Hence, this doctoral thesis analyses the global poverty issue— as well as ODA— not only from a policy practice perspective (through quantitative and qualitative research) but also from a normative philosophical angle. The results of this multidisciplinary strategy are exposed after a first descriptive chapter on ODA, in three chapters corresponding to the three approaches (quantitative, qualitative and normative), each of them reflected in an academic paper. Overall, they point to the idea that today —even though there are enough elements that seem to trigger clear and imperative positive moral duties that dictate to fight global poverty— we find ourselves immersed in a development paradigm that is intensively reinforced by the main actors involved in it, who devote outstanding efforts to widely spreading praise and compliments to an international cooperation system whose achievements are highly debatable.

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12

Taylor, Leslie G. "Aid-foreign direct investment linkages : a case study of aid and foreign direct investment in Uganda". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.552829.

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13

Daniel, Marion Wilson. "Foreign aid and Middle East peace". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA327061.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1996.
Thesis advisor(s): Robert Looney and Cynthia Levy. "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 101). Also available online.

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14

Dai, Ke. "Theoretical analysis of US's foreign aid". Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2595544.

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15

Schirmer, Peter Kim. "Lutheran world service and foreign aid /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ars337.pdf.

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16

Banda, Tangu. "Foreign aid and corruption in Zambia". University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4392.

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Magister Legum - LLM
This paper seeks to examine the relationship between foreign aid and corruption in Zambia. Drawing from the analysis of the two, it then explores whether the existing legal instruments are adequate and effective to combat corruption in the aid context.

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17

Girod, Desha Mercedes. "Foreign aid and post-conflict reconstruction /". May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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18

Nanivazo, Malokele. "FOREIGN AID FOR TRADE POLICY REFORMS". OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/399.

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The goal of this dissertation is to investigate how foreign aid can be used as means to induce a recipient country to engage in trade policy reforms. For this purpose, we develop a two-good and two-country model where the donor commits to give foreign aid in the first period and disburses in the second period. The donor`s commitment for foreign aid is based on an equation where the volume of foreign aid is a function of the recipient tariff rate. We analyze the donor and the recipient actions in two types of game: a passive donor game and an active donor game. The active donor game has two sub-games: a simultaneous game and a sequential game. This dissertation is composed of two theoretical chapters and one empirical chapter. The two theoretical chapters use a similar theoretical model but they differ on the assumptions we make the recipient country economy. In the first chapter, we assume that the recipient country government is lobbied by interest groups that own its stock of capital. We find evidence that the donor can, under certain conditions, influence the recipient`s trade policy even when interest groups lobby the government. In the second chapter, we assume that the recipient country has borrowing constraints because it faces a quantitative restriction on its borrowing set by the international credit markets. Our results suggest that the recipient engages in trade liberalization depending on the type of games that the recipient and the donor participate. In the third chapter, we ask two questions: First, is the allocation of aid based on trade policy reforms; particularly, trade liberalization? Second, does foreign aid spur economic growth when we take into account the allocation of foreign aid based on trade liberalization? For this purpose, we use a panel data set of 137 countries from 1995 to 2009 which we estimate using the system GMM estimator. We find evidence of a negative relationship between trade liberalization and foreign aid. Our results suggest that foreign aid spurs economic growth.

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19

Wright, Joseph. "Political regimes and foreign aid how aid affects growth and democratization /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459915991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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20

Mubaideen, Mekhled A. "The influence of foreign aid on Jordan's foreign policy 1921-1970". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294640.

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21

Ghosh, Dastidar Amrita. "Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Aid, and Socioeconomic Infrastructure in Developing Countries". DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1976.

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During the 1970s and 1980s, developing countries, skeptical of foreign investment, imposed several barriers on entry of foreign capital. However, the late 1980s and 1990s marked the onset of globalization, which integrated the whole world into a single global economy. The once-conservative developing nations, realizing the multifarious benefits of foreign direct investment (FDI), began encouraging entry of foreign firms, using various incentives, such as tax holidays, production subsidies, cash grants, labor training grants, and import duty exemptions. Gradually, FDI and foreign aid became two very important sources of foreign capital for these capital-constrained economies. This dissertation is focused on studying if there is any kind of relationship between foreign aid and private investment in recipient countries. FDI is a decision made by foreign investors on the basis of profitability of investment, whereas foreign aid is a political decision made by governments of donor countries on the basis of need for financial assistance by developing countries. We model foreign aid as an exogenous factor in allocation of foreign direct investment, along with other variables, to estimate the effect of aid on investment. Among the factors affecting FDI, infrastructure is considered to be an important one, in allocation of funds across developing countries. This dissertation is arranged as follows. In chapter 2, we introduce the term ``socioeconomic'' infrastructure and create an index, by combining several components of infrastructure, using the multivariate technique of principal components. Prior to creating the index, we employ the technique of multiple imputation to deal with missing data. Our measure of socioeconomic infrastructure contains elements of physical infrastructure, such as transportation facilities, telecommunication facilities, consumption demand for energy and electricity, as well as social infrastructure components, such as voice and accountability, political stability and the absence of violence and terrorism, rule of law, control of corruption, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality. In chapter 3, we develop a theoretical model to address the research question: Does foreign aid impede or encourage foreign direct investment in developing nations? Our theory demonstrates that foreign aid used by the recipient country in financing a public input (known as development aid) encourages foreign direct investment. We also empirically address the same issue by modeling foreign aid as a determinant of foreign direct investment, along with a host of other factors, including our computed index of socioeconomic infrastructure. Our analysis shows that public consumption aid (foreign aid used for financing consumption expenses) does crowd out private investment in current account surplus developing countries, whereas development aid crowds in private investment in the presence of sound macroeconomic, political, legal, and administrative machineries. In chapter 4, we build a panel econometric model to explain the factors underlying socioeconomic infrastructure in developing countries. Our results indicate that countries with higher per capita income, a prominently large government, high investment demand, and large government revenue tend to have better infrastructure.

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22

Younas, Javed Bandyopadhyay Subhayu. "Essays in trade, foreign aid and investment". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5301.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 92 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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23

Kislyakova, Elena. "The effectiveness of foreign aid : Empirical essays". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531368.

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The effectiveness of foreign aid has been a hotly debated issue in the growth and development literature. This thesis contributes to the existing literature on the effectiveness of foreign aid and its impact on development and growth in developing countries. Also, it provides an empirical and theoretical framework for understanding the incentives behind the decision making of aid donors. This thesis evaluates whether donor governments provide more foreign aid to countries where they exert more influence. The additional empirical results obtained here permit a re-evaluation of the existing literature on foreign aid, as well as adding some verification of previous results by other researchers and, hopefully, providing extra evidence in the area of foreign aid studies. The main contributions of this thesis are the following: first, the panel data methodology has been applied to all empirical analysis in this work. In contrast, most of the previous work has been done using the time series or cross section estimations separately. Second, I have reexamined the findings of the earlier work done by Levy (1987). Third, I have analysed the effect of corruption on foreign aid as one of the factors that affects its effectiveness. The empirical evidence in this area is not very well researched and can be described as mixed and inconclusive, which has intensified the arguments. Fourth, I have reassessed the link between foreignaid and economic growth by considering the potential link between aid and structural transformation in sectoral production terms, as well as explored the possible presence of `Dutch disease' in provision of foreign aid. Fifth, the motivations of donor countries have been assessed to examine whether they provide foreign aid as an altruistic gesture or for political and economic gains. The literature on this issue has so far presented mixed results. The main aim of this thesis is to try to have a better understanding of the issues surrounding the questions: Is foreign aid effective? Does foreign aid help to promote growth and development? It then tries to address more specific issues as: What are the main motives of donor governments in the provision of foreign aid? Are there signs of `Dutch disease' in the provision of foreign aid? Can failure of foreign aid be a result of the presence of corruption in the recipient countries? This thesis will attempt to provide a satisfactory, and as exhaustive as possible, an answer to each of the above questions. Also, this work includes a literature review on all subjects addressed in this thesis. The main findings of this thesis are the following: the reassessment of the findings by Levy (1987) suggest that most of the official development assistance is going for consumption in low-income countries and not on the investment. These results strongly contradict the results obtained by Levy (1987). The contribution to the empirical literature on the possible presence of `Dutch disease' in provision of foreign aid suggest that, while the theory on `Dutch disease' and structural transformation may imply the presence of `Dutch disease' when a country receives foreign aid, our empirical tests were inconclusive. Although there are clear signs of structural transformation, the results for the effects of aid are small. Overall, results are not robust, which makes it difficult to establish whether aid drives structural transformation or leads to `Dutch disease'. The empirical results on the main motivations of donors and more precisely donors from the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) towards the main objectives behind aid provision suggest that DAC donors take into account the needof the recipient countries, though donors look after their own interests to a great degree as well. This analysis implies that countries tend to pay more attention to the `need' factor in the low-income countries and to a lesser extent in lower-middleincome countries. An interesting finding is that donors tend to give more aid to countries where they have a higher share of aid to overall aid received by a country. This `reputation effect' has an impact on the provision of aid by donor countries. This can be explained that by doing this, donor economies tend to indirectly show their power and dominance. The empirical results on a panel and on a cross-section of countries to measure the effect of corruption and aid shows that aid has no impact on growth, while countries with higher levels of corruption have lower growth rates

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24

Chisala, Victoria. "Foreign aid dependency : the case of Zambia". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441967.

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25

Anaxagorou, Christiana. "Public finance, foreign aid and political incentives". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20187/.

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This thesis consists of three studies on foreign aid and its allocation by political leaders within recipient countries. It explores whether this allocation depends on personal motives and political purposes. The first study focuses on the effect of aid on government spending using country-level data, distinguishing between several types of foreign aid that are expected to impact spending in different ways. The impact of institutional quality on aid fungibility is also considered since receiving foreign aid could promote corrupt or illegal activities on behalf of the recipient government by diverting aid into private pockets. The results suggest that aid fungibility depends on institutional quality, especially for off-budget aid. The second study focuses on the effect of aid on tax revenues using country-level data, distinguishing between two types of finance to investigate whether or not aid pays for tax reductions. The results show that aggregate aid, aid in the form of grants or in the form of loans leaves tax revenues unaffected at all levels of institutional quality. These results suggest that aid is not fungible in the context of tax revenues and that aid does not finance tax reductions. The third study focuses on the sub-national allocation of foreign aid flows from China and the World Bank using district-level data. This allocation of aid across regions is up to the discretion of the political leader. This study attempts to identify the strategy leaders use to maximise their vote share, or whether or not leaders favour co-ethnic regions. The results show that in competitive electoral environments, leaders divert aid away from their core voters and towards supporters of the opposition. In contrast, in non-competitive electoral environments without strong political motivations leaders favour their co-ethnic regions.

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26

Li, Jie Sheng. "The political economy of foreign aid flows". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6735/.

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This thesis examines the rise in bilateral aid disbursements over multilateral aid between 2000 and 2010. It would be simply stated that such a trend would be due donor nations focusing on strategic self-interests. I argue, using a combination of principal-agent theory, foreign policy analysis and the effect of institutions, that new political actors in donor nations found a window of opportunity to alter the level foreign disbursements and in several cases, increase the overall level of foreign aid. Bilateral aid eventually rose due to both the worldviews of these new decision makers as well as how their policies were influenced and shaped by local institutions. In this thesis, I focus on the US, the UK and Japan as donor nations and the World Bank’s International Development Association. In the US case, political and cultural institutions along with the worldviews Bush Administration officials shifted US bilateral aid upwards. In the UK, local institutions along with the perspectives of New Labour officials result in higher British bilateral aid disbursements. Japan’s political actors initially focused on the country’s economy but later actors, with their worldviews and shaped by historical norms, increased Japan’s bilateral aid vis-à-vis its contributions to IOs.

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27

Chitsamba, Lemson Samson. "Malawi and the politics of foreign aid". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1118/.

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Malawi's behaviour in international relations has been interpreted largely in terms of the country's economic needs. The conventional argument has been that the country's foreign and domestic policies were adopted for reasons of making the country attractive to donor countries and organizations. This argument is so prevalent that it is even reflected in the titles of some books and articles on Malawi's post-independence political and economic history. For example, a pamphlet kept by the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) Library is titled: "Malawi: Foreign Policy and Development". This thesis proceeds on the premise that foreign aid has not been the main objective of Malawi foreign and domestic policies. Accordingly, it looks critically at the alleged link between foreign aid and the country's foreign and domestic policies. It finds that the conventional argument is supported with evidence which is erroneous in many cases or at least partial and tries to show that the effects which the politics of foreign aid have exerted on Malawi are quite different from those which are assumed by the conventional argument. By contrast, the argument of the thesis is that Malawi's foreign and domestic policies are not the result of the politics of foreign aid. Rather they are the product of the style and perceptions of the country's leadership.

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28

Hull, Nancy. "Broken Promises: The U.S. Foreign Aid Dilemma". Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1146762259.

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29

Yoshimoto, Iku. "Terrorist Threats, Foreign Aid, and State Capacity". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574841729915737.

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30

Hudáková, Miriama. "Foreign aid effectiveness: case study of Haiti". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191966.

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My master's thesis deals with a form of soft power and foreign policy, the development aid. In the three chapters I provide an analysis of the potential impacts of such financial flows in the particular case of Haiti. This country has become an exemplar of the fact that even billions of dollars do not have to contribute to improving the economic and living conditions, on the contrary, aid in combination with incorrectly set policies can become an instrument of destruction. Using econometric models and policy analysis I examine the impact of official development assistance on the political, economic, environmental and social sector. At the end of the work I list recommendations for the future, which could contribute to improving the situation.

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31

Svensson, Jenny. "Foreign Aid as a Cause of War". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403376.

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32

Gray, Rachael J. "Does foreign aid promote development? a study of the effects of foreign aid on development in Sub-Saharan Africa". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4909.

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Foreign aid aims to improve economic conditions and quality of life in developing countries. The literature on the efficacy of foreign aid to date has been inconclusive; yet there is some evidence that institutional factors may condition the relationship between aid and development. This research focuses on the effects of foreign aid on development, taking into consideration the effects of political institutional factors as intervening in the connection between aid and development. Specifically, this study considers the effects of democracy (political rights and civil liberties) and level of corruption on the relationship between aid and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Development is determined by the Human Development Index, which takes into account gross national income, life expectancy, and education level. My findings indicate that aid is ineffective at promoting development in sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, it is found that democracy, as determined by level of political freedom, is positively associated to development in aid recipient countries. HIV prevalence rate, the location of the country relative to the coastline, and percent of arable land were found to be significant factors affecting development. The level of corruption and political stability do not have a significant effect on development. The study is conducted using a cross-national, longitudinal, statistical model. The impact of foreign aid on development is examined for 45 countries over a fourteen-year period, from 1995 to 2009. The results of the study show that foreign aid has a negative effect on development, yet development is affected by level of democracy, geographical location, percent of arable land, and HIV prevalence rate. Development is higher in countries located on the coastline, with a higher percentage of arable land, a higher level of democracy, and a higher rate of HIV.
ID: 029809559; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-60).
M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences

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33

Khan, Faheem Jehangir. "Inside foreign aid : donor-government interactions and the aid policy network in Pakistan". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687687.

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Despite an extensive debate on foreign aid, the voluminous aid literature mainly focuses on donors' strategies, aid modalities, and the scope for foreign aid to improve development indicators. The evaluation of foreign aid outcomes (or aid effectiveness) dominates the debate. The aid literature has rarely considered the aid policy process and the influence of aid policy networks on managing foreign aid decisions in an aid recipient country. This research responds to this gap by providing new understanding of how the aid community interacts and manages aid decisions in Pakistan. The aim of this research is to explore how donors and the Pakistan government interact to manage foreign aid in the aid policy network. This research provides an in-depth, qualitative, rich description of donor-Pakistan government interactions in managing the aid policy process. These insights are valuable in improving existing knowledge about the complexities, interdependencies and constraints involved in managing foreign aid in Pakistan. This research focuses on donor-government interactions in the complex web of multiple actors. First, it maps the network structure in place to manage the aid delivery system. Second, it explores the network management strategies actors employ in their attempt to manage the aid policy process. Finally, it examines the influence of aid proliferation and state capacity on managing foreign aid in Pakistan. This study concludes that many of the problems of international development aid are known to the actors involved in the aid policy process in Pakistan. However, there has been a lack of collective action on practical steps to make foreign aid more effective that adds to the complexity of the aid policy process. To make the aid policy process work better and eventually enhance the value and effectiveness of foreign aid, the Pakistan government and donors need to review their partnership strategies and interaction practices to make aid efforts more collaborative and improve coordination. The Pakistan government needs to focus more on overcoming capacity issues and shortages of technical expertise in the public sector, while donors should cooperate with the government in curtailing high transaction costs. Nonetheless, overcoming the passive acceptance of the problems among actors involved in the aid delivery process is likely to be hugely challenging.

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Meyer, Birgit [Verfasser]. "Aid, Trade and Foreign Direct Investment / Birgit Meyer". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1104733633/34.

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35

Yang, Xiaomeng. "Bureaucratic politics and Japan's foreign aid policy-making". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30834.pdf.

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36

Trisko, Jessica Nicole. "Aiding and abetting: foreign aid and state coercion". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114131.

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This study examines the effects of US bilateral foreign aid policy on the internal security dynamics of aid recipient states. I draw upon the international security and contentious politics literatures to develop a theory of the coercive effect of foreign aid. I analyze how US foreign assistance affects the state capacity of recipient countries and, as a consequence, the government's ability to employ violence as a tool for ensuring its continued tenure. I argue that as a consequence of fungibility—the ability to use foreign aid as a general government resource—foreign aid may increase the likelihood of state coercion by funding increases in the state's coercive capacity, including changes in military expenditure, force structure and arms acquisitions. I test this argument through a statistical analysis of a cross-sectional time-series dataset of annual US bilateral foreign aid for 132 developing countries during the period of 1976 to 2005. This analysis is complemented by an in-depth case study of Indonesia and shorter analyses of El Salvador and South Korea. I find that the coercive effect of foreign aid is conditioned by the recipient country's political institutions and conflict history. This research links the study of political violence with the changing nature of international relations and provides considerable insight into international influences on intrastate conflict. The research further suggests that foreign aid undermines aid donor goals by creating conditions propitious to increased political violence in recipient countries.
Cette étude analyse les impacts de la politique d'aide étrangère des États-Unis sur la sécurité interne des États bénéficiaires. La documentation sur la sécurité internationale et les politiques conflictuelles m'a servi à développer une théorie sur l'effet coercitif de l'aide internationale. J'analyserai la manière dont l'aide étrangère des États-Unis affecte la capacité de gouverner des États bénéficiaires. J'analyserai particulièrement la capacité du gouvernement de l'État bénéficiaire d'employer la violence pour assurer la poursuite de son mandat. J'argumenterai qu'une des conséquences de la fongibilité – la capacité d'utiliser l'aide internationale comme une ressource gouvernementale – serait la possibilité d'augmentation de coercibilité de l'État en augmentant les dépenses dans les capacités coercitives de l'État, incluant les dépenses militaires, les forces de l'ordre et l'acquisition d'armes. Cet argumentaire sera démontré avec une analyse statistique d'un ensemble de données de l'aide bilatérale des États-Unis pour 132 pays en développement entre 1976 à 2005. Cette analyse est additionnée d'un regard en profondeur sur une étude de cas en l'Indonésie et d'analyses plus courtes de l'El Salvador et la Corée du Sud. Je démontre que l'effet coercitif de l'aide étrangère est conditionné par les institutions politiques et l'histoire militaire du pays bénéficiaire. Cette recherche fait un lien entre l'étude de la violence politique et la nature changeante des relations internationales, et expose un aperçu fascinant des influences internationales et des conflits interétatiques. La recherche suggère aussi que l'aide internationale va à l'encontre des buts du donateur de subvention en créant des conditions propices à l'augmentation de la violence politique dans les pays bénéficiaires.

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Rahman, Ashna. "Foreign Aid And Fiscal Policy in South Asia". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518731.

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38

Xue, Yan. "Promise and Perils of Foreign Aid to Education". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508681.

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39

Namandje, Teopolina Ndanyengwa. "Health foreign aid and health outcomes in Namibia". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97474.

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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The role of health foreign assistance in explaining health outcomes remains an unending debate. The study assessed the relationship between foreign health aid and three selected health indicators of interest: infant mortality rate, under-five mortality rate and life expectancy, with control variables such as government expenditure on health and general medical clinics and public health services in Namibia. The data used was from 1990 to 2013 although there was some missing data. It was found that all health indicators improve with an increase in foreign health aid except that it is more impactful (statistically significant) in the case of infant mortality rate. The regression analysis shows that a one percent increase in heath aid will result in a 0.03 decrease in infant mortality rate but this is statistically insignificant. A one percent increase in health aid will result in a 0.01 decline in under-five mortality. A one percent increase in health aid will result in 0.53 increase in life expectancy. The Granger causality test revealed a uni-causal relationship among most variables. An increase in government expenditure to health is accompanied by a decline in all indicators. Overall, based on correlation coefficients, aid is linearly related to health outcomes in Namibia. The study gives a tentative conclusion that foreign health aid slightly improves health outcomes in Namibia.

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40

Feudjou, Alain. "Foreign aid and economic growth in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28997.

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Foreign aid inflows have grown significantly in the post-war period. Many studies have tried to assess the effectiveness of aid. The role of foreign aid in promoting economic growth has been the subject of much debate among development specialists, researchers, aid donors as well as recipients in general and South Africa in particular. In spite of this, there are only few empirical studies that investigate the relationship between foreign aid and economic growth in South Africa. This study assesses whether there is any existent relationship between foreign aid and economic growth in South Africa using descriptive statistics for data that spans from 1994 to 2010. The result supports the view that there is strong, positive and significant relationship between foreign aid and economic growth in South Africa. This implies that foreign aid contributes to economic growth in South Africa.

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41

Ng, Hei Lin. "China foreign aid to Africa : features and implications". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1465.

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42

Lockwood, William George. "Foreign aid and economic growth in developing countries". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185020.

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Foreign aid is a relatively new form of economic exchange between nations, yet in only a few decades it has become a persistent structural element of the modern world-system. Conventional theories of economic development view foreign aid as a "flow" of financial resources into an economy and argue that it accelerates economic growth in the less developed countries by supplementing the domestic capital resources that are available for development. Dependency theory and the world-system perspective conceive of foreign aid as a "structural" feature of the recipient economy and suggest that it retards economic growth in these countries by reproducing the structural distortion of the economy that was originally established by colonialism and by systematically limiting the ability of the peripheral state to control the development of its economy. These theories suggest contradictory findings which are tested in this dissertation with multiple regression analysis. The analyses parallel the seminal research of Bornschier et al. (1978) on foreign investment and economic growth by simultaneously estimating the effects of both short-term flows and long-term stocks of foreign aid on economic growth. Using a sample of 91 Third World countries, the effects of foreign aid on economic growth are estimated both during a period of relative expansion of the world economy (1970-1978) and during a period of relative recession (1978-1986). My findings lend some support to both theoretical perspectives but the direction of the effects are opposite to those predicted by Bornschier et al. Foreign aid is found to have short-term negative effects on economic growth during both time periods but long-term positive effects on economic growth are statistically significant only for the later time period. The findings from this research clearly suggest that the dependency and world-system perspective must modify its theoretical explanations concerning the relationship between foreign capital flows and economic development to take into account the varied uses of different types of financial resources. They also highlight the importance of recognizing that different phases of the expansion and contraction of the world economy may condition the effects of specific types of core-periphery interactions.

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43

Almezaini, Khalid Salem. "The role of foreign aid in foreign policy : UAE as a case study". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549568.

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44

Andreasen, Jessica. "Foreign Policy Through Aid: Has United States Assistance Achieved its Foreign Policy Objectives?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2772.

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In looking at the history of U.S. aid, three general goals emerge: political stability, increased economic liberalization and expanding influence in the aid receiving country. While the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has measures in place to assess the success of its aid endeavors, most U.S. aid, in the form of economic and military aid, is largely unevaluated in terms of achieving these broad foreign policy goals. The results of this study suggest that U.S. military and economic aid fail to achieve these three general foreign policy objectives in a sustainable manner. Conducting a regression analysis of U.S. aid indicates that, in the short term, economic aid does succeed in promoting increased economic liberalization, but the concurrent giving of military aid cancels the effect. In the long term, the giving of economic aid supports the stability of a state’s government, but the U.S. will want to assess what other methods might produce similar and more enduring results at less cost.

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45

In'airat, Mohammad Hasan Saleh. "The Impact of Foreign Aid on the Palestinian Economy: A Critique of Econometric Approaches for studying the Effectiveness of Foreign Aid". Thesis, Keele University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486009.

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This thesis co'ntributes to the literature on aid effectiveness in developing economies. The inability of econometric approaches to establish clear conclusions on aid effectiveness casts doubts on its appropriateness as a research methodology. The effectiveness of foreign aid , needs to be understood as a dynamic and complex process that may not be appropriately explored using cross-country data and static econometric models. This is further complicated - , when focusing on aid effectiveness in a unique war tom economy such as Palestine. In view of the above this thesis adopts a mixed research methodoiogy utilizing both quantitative andqualitative approaches to explore a.id effectiveness as understood by public opinion leaders in Palestine. The thesis identifies specific conditions that influence aid effectiveness, which econometric models 'are unlikely to recognise. The phenomenon of the 'returnees', individualism, the Israeli closure policy and the Intifada are just some examples of what econometric models are likely to pick up on. The thesis also found that respondents believe that the effectiveness of foreign aid depends on number of factors. These include the quality of governance of the recipient, donors' strategic objectives and interests, and the role of occupation. A culture of corruption was found to be one of the most detrimental factors to aid effectiveness.

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46

Pycroft, Jonathan. "The Impact of Development Interventions in Ethiopia : Foreign Aid, Aid Trade and Agricultural Technology". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507000.

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47

Novak, Adam. "Development aid in struggles for world order : Czechoslovak foreign aid during the Cold War". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594597.

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This thesis reconstructs the history of Czechoslovak foreign aid 1948-1989, based on published and unpublished documents of the period. I propose a periodization rooted in the global class struggle and the internal dynamics of the Soviet commonwealth, within a historical sociological framework of uneven and combined development. Czechoslovakia was the USSR's most active ally in the provision of foreign aid to Third World governments and national liberation movements. Early optimism about the anti-colonial movement was reflected in ambitious attempts to expand Soviet style social relations and forms of state. This gave way to a more cautious programme corresponding to the Soviet bloc strategy of 'peaceful coexistence.' The rulers of non-aligned countries effectively became the revolutionary subject in Soviet and Czechoslovak theories of world revolution, and the adhesion of the non-aligned countries to Soviet projects of world order became the primary motivation for provision of foreign aid. There was also an expansion of foreign aid to support the development of trade with solvent non-aligned countries, and a corresponding decline in aid to those non-European countries of socialist orientation which were not of geopolitical interest to the Soviet bloc. This pattern was modified somewhat during the early 1980s, when the resurgent military confrontation with the US-led western bloc led to an expansion of Czechoslovak foreign aid to selected strategic allies. Early attempts to overcome the conditions of uneven and combined development by extension of the Soviet political economy gave way in most countries to policies which tended to reproduce uneven and combined development at a higher level of industrialisation and economic integration. Non European countries that joined the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance were more able to close the gap with the European socialist bloc, but by the 1980s, a growing use of market mechanisms meant that multilateral mechanisms in the socialist bloc also tended to reinforce and reproduce uneven and combined development. Foreign aid is approached using a historical materialist analysis, drawing on Leon Trotsky's theory of uneven and combined development and permanent revolution, and Antonio Gramsci's concepts of hegemony and passive revolution. The vacillation of the Czechoslovak and Soviet aid systems between attempts to overcome the uneven and combined development of the non-European socialist countries on the one hand, and efforts to extract a short-term benefit from these conditions and to recreate them at a higher level of development on the other hand is explained as a reflection of the transitional nature of the Soviet social formation as nether state capitalist nor fully socialist. The Soviet contestation of western hegemony is explored in three dimensions: expansion of non-capitalist social relations, expansion of particular state forms, and promotion of a particular world order.

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48

Sarges, Florian [Verfasser]. "Elite Compatibility in Foreign Aid : An Institutional Approach for Increasing Aid Effectiveness / Florian Sarges". Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1160484252/34.

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49

Pant, G. P. "Foreign aid and economic growth in Nepal with reference to Chinese and Soviet aid". Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376820.

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50

Abdiah, Suleman. "An Empirical Analysis of Foreign Aid Heterogeneity According to Donors for Pakistan". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/885.

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This dissertation is compiled of three chapters in determining the effect of bilateral foreign assistance on the economy of Pakistan. The effect of foreign assistance will be measured in terms of public expenditure and revenue. The factors associated in the provision of aid commitments and disbursements, and the effect of bilateral assistance on the production efficiency of Pakistan. Chapter 1 uses an aid disaggregation approach to examine the impact of different types of bilateral donors on the fiscal sector of Pakistan, an important aid recipient in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of bilateral aid on the economy of Pakistan, from the four largest donors, which include the USA, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Time series data for the period 1972-2010 were analyzed along with an estimation of a fiscal response model following Mavrotas (2005) that combines both aid disaggregation in terms of types of aid and the treatment of endogeneity. The empirical estimation of the structural equations and reduced form equations, using nonlinear three stage least squares estimation clearly suggests the importance of the above approach for delving deeper into aid effectiveness issues. Since different bilateral donors have different effects on key fiscal variables, an impact could not be revealed if a single figure for aid were employed. While aid from Japan increases public investment, aid from the USA, the UK, and Germany appears to cause a reduction in public investment. Similarly, aid from Japan reduces public consumption, but the aid from other donors causes an increase in public consumption. In regards to tax revenue, the aid flows from the USA, the UK and Germany leads to a reduction in tax revenue, but aid flow from Japan increases tax revenue. Chapter 2 investigates the relation between aid disbursements and aid commitments from the fourteen largest donors to Pakistan, and determine the factor that effects commitments and the disbursements. The time series data was employed for the period 1972-2010. The estimation of the model through fixed effect approach and two stage least squares approach showed that aid disbursements, aid commitment from donors to African countries, and Pakistan's membership at the United Nations Security Council effects aid commitments positively and significantly. But, the inverse relation existed between GDP per capita of Pakistan and aid commitments. Similarly, aid commitments relation with the aid disbursements was positive and significant. The war in Afghanistan during any time between1972-2010 increases the aid disbursement to Pakistan. It was also determined that if the level of primary education increases, the aid disbursement to Pakistan decreases. The results also showed that when Pakistan is ruled by the military government the aid disbursements to Pakistan reduces. Chapter 3 focus is to see the impact of different bilateral donors on the production inefficiency of the Pakistan. To empirically estimate the effect of bilateral aid heterogeneity on production inefficiency, we use the time series data for Pakistan for the period 1972-2010. The stochastic frontier analysis was conducted using maximum likelihood estimation. The results determined that the aid from the United Kingdom (UK) and Germany tends to increase production efficiency of Pakistan. However on the contrary aid from Japan tends to decrease production efficiency. It was also concluded from the results that foreign direct investment and public investment also increases production efficiency. But, the relation between human capital and production efficiency was negative. Also, the results indicated that when Pakistan is ruled by the military government the aid flows from the USA and UK reduces production efficiency.

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