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Banks, Martha E. "Feminist Voices of Color: History, Identity, and Empowerment". Psychology of Women Quarterly 20, n. 4 (dicembre 1996): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1996.tb00326.x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
African American Single Mothers: Understanding Their Lives and Families, Bette J. Dickerson (Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995. 200 pp., $48.00 (cloth), ISBN: 0-8039-4911-1; $24.00 (paper), ISBN: 0-8039-4912-x. Black Women in America, Kim Marie Vaz (Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995. 396 pp., $52.00 (cloth), ISBN: 0-8039-5454-9; $24.95 (paper), ISBN: 0-8039-5455-7. Understanding Latino Families: Scholarship, Policy, and Practice, Ruth E. Zambrana (Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995. 242 pp., $47.95 (cloth), ISBN: 0-8039-5609-6, $23.95 (paper), ISBN: 0-8039-5610-X.
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Bednarowska, Aleksandra. "Dyskurs o kobietach na łamach prasy żydowskiej w Niemczech w latach 1933-1938 a powieść obyczajowa w odcinkach pisarek żydowskich w gazecie „Israelitisches Familienblatt” na przykładzie Mutter von sechs Kindern (Matka sześciorga dzieci) Adeli Elkan". Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Bibliothecarum Scientiam Pertinentia 20 (29 marzo 2023): 469–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811861.20.30.
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This article focuses on the discourse on the roles of Jewish women in society and family that was carried out in Jewish newspapers in Nazi Germany. Women were abandoning workplaces outside the home and leaving the best paying jobs for men. Many male journalists and com-munity leaders stressed the importance of the Jewish family, its traditions, and their religion for the survivors of the Jewish community in Germany. Women were not only caretakers of their families’ material needs, but they also acted as spiritual leaders who introduced the concept of Jewishness to their children.The second part of the article shows how female writers at the time responded to this discourse in their novels. For example, the novel Mother of Six written by Adele Elkan focuses on the history of a single mother and her struggles to raise six children in the Weimer Republic during first years of Nazi Germany. Elkan’s novel offers a rebuke to the prevailing discourse and argues that widows and single mothers have a right to happiness — women should not have to sacrifice their lives for the sake of their children and families.
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LI, Hon Lam. "Engelhardt on the Family". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 11, n. 2 (1 gennaio 2013): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.111551.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in EnglishTristram Engelhardt, Jr. offers erudite and compelling arguments for the view that all families should try to realize the traditional family. Although I tend to agree with him from a personal standpoint, I doubt that this view can be justified to those with whom we are in reasonable disagreement about the family. I make three critical points. First, although Engelhardt stops short of saying that the state should encourage people to form traditional families, or discourage those who do not, some state perfectionists might do so. From the perspective of public reason, it is unjust for the state to favor some conceptions of what is good over others, if these conceptions are all reasonable. Moreover, those whose conceptions of the good are not favored will feel that they are disrespected. Second, insofar as Engelhardt thinks that all families should try to realize traditional families, the traditional family would not be perceived as good by those who do not like children. Moreover, it would be difficult to persuade those who have decided not to have children for reasons of career, burden, or more altruistic concerns. Third, against Engelhardt’s stance against the “egalitarian aspirations” of liberalism, I argue that women too often sacrifice their possible careers for the sake of the family, even when they hold advanced degrees from prestigious universities, or professional qualifications. This kind of injustice is too uncomfortable to ignore.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 29 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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Ulianova, Galina. "Female Entrepreneurs: Husbands Taking their Wives’ Surnames as a Tool of Family Business and Brand Preservation in Moscow Merchant Families in the 19th Century". Adam & Eve. Gender History Review, n. 30 (2022): 174–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.32608/2307-8383-2022-30-174-212.
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The article focuses on the phenomenon of husband changing his surname to that of his wife, revealed in the course of a study of the history of entrepreneurship of the Moscow merchant family firms in the 19th century, and can be recognized as a tool of family business and brand preservation. The power to decide whether or not a name change should be authorized belonged to the commit-tee of deputies of the Moscow Merchant Society. For a case to be considered, it was necessary for a solicitor to file a petition and for three merchants to confirm in writing that ‘there is no evil intention and harm to others on the part of the person who wishes to change his last name’. In the article four petitions of the 1870s are analysed, three were approved, and one rejected. The cases of name-changing indicate that, for the sake of preserving his achieved social status and a merchant family’s capital, the new member of that family was sometimes ready to relinquish his initial self-identity.
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Jimenez, Marta. "Aristotle on Becoming Virtuous by Doing Virtuous Actions". Phronesis 61, n. 1 (10 dicembre 2016): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685284-12341297.
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Aristotle’s claim that we become virtuous by doing virtuous actions raises a familiar problem: How can we perform virtuous actions unless we are already virtuous? I reject deflationary accounts of the answer given inNicomachean Ethics2.4 and argue instead that proper habituation involves doing virtuous actions with the right motive, i.e. for the sake of the noble, even though learners do not yet have virtuous dispositions. My interpretation confers continuity to habituation and explains in a non-mysterious way how we become virtuous by doing virtuous actions in the right way.
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Gossard, Francis, Zdenka Pausova, Benoit Deslauriers, Theodore A. Kotchen, Allen W. Cowley, Daniel Gaudet, Johanne Tremblay e Pavel Hamet. "Heritability of Heart Rate upon Stimulation in Members of Families with History of Hypertension". Hypertension 36, suppl_1 (ottobre 2000): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.718-b.
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P139 Objectives:Heart rate (HR) is an independant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and believed to be in part genetically determined. We have studied the heritability of HR in members of large families with history of hypertension (HT). In addition, candidate genes involved in cardiovascular regulation were tested. Methodology:Under study, families of the Saguenay-Lac St-Jean of the province of Quebec showed a higher prevalence of HT in all age groups than the national and provincial population and high degree of kinship. Using impedance plethysmography HR was recorded during posture and mental stress tests. DNA extracted from blood leucocytes was analysed by PCR for the ACE and TNF-α genes. Heritability and linkage were analysed with the FCOR and SIBPAL programs of the SAGE package. Results: HR changed significantly from the resting supine position to standing, sitting, 2 min. and 4 min. into the math test and returned to baseline after 10 min of rest. Heritability (h 2 ) estimates are shown in the table below. Indexes of h 2 were significant during math test and the recovery period (*:p<0.05,***:p<0.001). Only the ACE I/D polymorphism was suggestively linked (p=0.03) to HR and only for the post-test period. Conclusions: A significant genetic component of HR was observed only during stimulation by the mental stress test. At the post-test period, a part of the heritable component appeared to be linked to the ACE locus. (Supported by MRC and NIH SCOR program)
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Dulaj, Fridrik. "Historical developments of the Albanian language in Rahovec". Technium Social Sciences Journal 31 (9 maggio 2022): 771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v31i1.6372.
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Before we go further it is important to see the possible origin of Rahovac/ Rahovec language. If we refer the history of Rrahovec/ Rahovecas an urban center, as a starting point we can consider residences that are found in the work of Selami Puhales where we mentioned before we have two sorts of Rahovec, great Rahovec/ Rahovec and small Rahovec. Both of them had 43 headed houshold1. Its development and transformation in a small town ocured later. Recalling that only 500 families were in Rahovec/ Rahovec in 18922. Albanians for the sake of developing their economy and comerce, perhaps to preverse their physical beign, started to communicate in the language of those who supplied Rahovec/ Rahovec with goods and who governed in the administrative sense. The need for business development pushed citizens of Rahovec/ Rahovec to subject the pressure of the language of those which whom they had intercourses. Albanian language was a native languagein Rahovec/ Rahovec clearly speak some old Albanian remants like the preservation of consonant groups: mb, nd, ng3, ex. How is it going! (Puna e mbarë), Doing well! (Mbarë paq), Plant wheat! (mbjell grurë), Thanks, l exchange grapes with beans, don’t mention, eating breead (hanger buk), l load wood (ngarkoj dru) etc.
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Tackett, Alayna P., Caroline M. Roberts, Michael Farrow e Elizabeth L. McQuaid. "Food insecurity and caregiver perceptions of food allergen risk by food purchase location in children with food allergies". Translational Behavioral Medicine 9, n. 3 (16 maggio 2019): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz059.
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Abstract Meeting nutritional needs of children with food allergy (FA) may be challenging without affordable, quality foods. Food purchase location may impact availability of FA-safe foods; however, no research examining food purchase location in families of children with FA exists. This study compared caregiver report of food insecurity (FIS; food insecure vs. food secure), FA risk, and history of food-induced anaphylaxis (FIA) in families of children with FA, who primarily purchase food items at grocery/supermarkets (n = 140) or convenience marts/bodegas (CB; n = 32). Caregivers (N = 172; 49% mothers, 49% fathers, 2% grandparent/other relative) of children with FA (57% male; Mage = 7.5 years; 66% White [22% Latinx and 44% non-Latinx] and 23% Black) completed an online survey. Variables included demographics, history of FIA, and caregiver perceptions of FIS and FA risk. Caregivers who purchased food items from CB versus supermarkets reported higher perceived risk of accidental ingestion (χ2 = 20.49, p < .001, 94% vs. 50%), severe reaction (χ2 = 15.05, p < .001, 97% vs. 61%), death (χ2 = 27.48, p < .001, 91% vs. 49%), FIS (χ2 = 21.69, p < .001, 94% vs. 49%), and FIA (χ2 = 11.96, p = .001, 94% vs. 32%). Effect sizes were small–moderate (Cramer’s V = .26–.40). Families who purchased food at CB reported greater food allergen concerns and FIS than families who purchased food at supermarkets. Differences in FA-related perceived risks may reflect the health disparity and adversity these families face to meet basic nutritional needs, such as FA-related constraints. Point-of-care efforts are needed to provide early screening for families who may be at risk for experiencing FIS.
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Badr, Waris, Ali Ahmad e Noorullah Aziz. "Afghan Migration and its Impacts on Community of Afghanistan". Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 3, n. 5 (9 ottobre 2023): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.5.23.
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The history of migration is by far one of the very harshest and difficult topics in this new era of modernization. This article is going to define a particular part of the migration history and its aspects, which will be focusing mainly on a far-distant and barely remembered land called Afghanistan. Here we take you to the times of despair and hopelessness of a nation which has had war over war, conflict over conflict and which has seen empires come and go for over 3 centuries. This article talks about the poor condition of those people who had no other option but to leave their lands, harvests and sometimes even families because they were harmed by the war. What happens when one flees their country? Why would someone be this desperate? How does one deal with this inconvenience? What are the impacts of this immigration on a country? Do they ever return? The role of the neighboring countries has always been a very important issue in this topic like these. They have since been receiving our desperate and turmoil people who were in need of a shelter and asking for help for their survival’s sake. It will be unprofessional to just talk about their help and not their benefits from this vast immigration. They have also availed from our immigration. Pakistan and Iran have had very faithful and scared people working for them for a very less expensive wages which in other case would never have been the same.
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Plaster, Joseph. "Safe for Whom? And Whose Families? Narrative, Urban Neoliberalism, and Queer Oral History on San Francisco’s Polk Street". Public Historian 42, n. 3 (agosto 2020): 86–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2020.42.3.86.
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In this essay I reflect on my experience as director of Polk Street: Lives in Transition, a project that drew on oral histories to intervene in debates about gentrification, homelessness, sex work, queer politics, and public safety in the highly polarized setting of gentrifying San Francisco. From 2008–10, I recorded more than seventy oral histories from people experiencing the transformation of the city’s Polk Street from a working-class queer commercial district to a gentrified entertainment destination serving the city’s growing elite. Oral histories enabled me to document a local past rich in non-biological family structures, which I interpreted through public “listening parties,” professionally mediated neighborhood dialogues, a traveling multimedia exhibit, and radio documentaries. The project challenged gentrifiers’ claims to be promoting “safety” and “family” by positing alternative understandings of both concepts drawn from oral histories with transgender women, queer homeless youth, sex workers, and working-class gay men who had made Polk Street their home.
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Fejzo, Marlena, Daria Arzy, Rayna Tian, Kimber MacGibbon e Patrick Mullin. "Evidence GDF15 Plays a Role in Familial and Recurrent Hyperemesis Gravidarum". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 78, n. 09 (settembre 2018): 866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0661-0287.
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Abstract Introduction Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), a pregnancy complication characterized by severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, occurs in up to 2% of pregnancies. It is associated with both maternal and fetal morbidity. HG is highly heritable and recurs in approximately 80% of women. In a recent genome-wide association study, it was shown that placentation, appetite, and the cachexia gene GDF15 are linked to HG. The purpose of this study was to explore whether GDF15 alleles linked to overexpression of GDF15 protein segregate with the condition in families, and whether the GDF15 risk allele is associated with recurrence of HG. Methods We analyzed GDF15 overexpression alleles for segregation with disease using exome-sequencing data from 5 HG families. We compared the allele frequency of the GDF15 risk allele, rs16982345, in patients who had recurrence of HG with its frequency in those who did not have recurrence. Results Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to higher levels of GDF15 segregated with disease in HG families. The GDF15 risk allele, rs16982345, was associated with an 8-fold higher risk of recurrence of HG. Conclusion The findings of this study support the hypothesis that GDF15 is involved in the pathogenesis of both familial and recurrent cases of HG. The findings may be applicable when counseling women with a familial history of HG or recurrent HG. The GDF15-GFRAL brainstem-activated pathway was recently identified and therapies to treat conditions of abnormal appetite are under development. Based on our findings, patients carrying GDF15 variants associated with GDF15 overexpression should be included in future studies of GDF15-GFRAL-based therapeutics. If safe, this approach could reduce maternal and fetal morbidity.
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Gurwitch, Robin H., e Christina M. Warner-Metzger. "Trauma-Directed Interaction (TDI): An Adaptation to Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Families with a History of Trauma". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 10 (17 maggio 2022): 6089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106089.
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Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is one of the strongest evidence-based treatments available for young children and their families. Research has supported the use of PCIT for children with a history of trauma; however, the treatment does not directly address trauma in the child. PCIT is a dyadic treatment; yet, the impact of the carer’s trauma on the carer-child relationship is not assessed or incorporated into treatment. For these reasons, therapists, families, agencies, and funders tend to view PCIT as a trauma treatment with skepticism. PCIT therapists who currently address trauma within the intervention do so without a standardized approach. Trauma-Directed Interaction (TDI) is an adaptation developed to directly address these concerns. TDI maintains the key elements and theoretical underpinnings of PCIT while adding sessions to cover psychoeducation about trauma, carer response to a child’s trauma reactions (SAFE skills), and coping skills to aid both the child and the carer to manage trauma activators (COPE skills). The TDI module creates a consistent strategy for PCIT therapists to address trauma, thus allowing research and replication which will advance the dual fields of PCIT and family trauma. The theoretical conceptualization of TDI is presented along with next steps in its evaluation.
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Kemper, Kathi J. "Chronic Asthma: An Update". Pediatrics In Review 17, n. 4 (1 aprile 1996): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.17.4.111.
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Case Scenario Having just changed insurance carriers, a mother brings her 13-year-old son to your office for a routine physical examination. He has no current complaints except for chronic asthma. His past medical history is significant for several hospitalizations for asthma. His only current medication is an albuterol inhaler that he uses two to three times daily. Further questioning about home remedies reveals that in an effort to cut down on his chronic use of medication, he recently started taking the herbal remedies Ma huang and Dong quai as well as vitamin and mineral supplements. He wants to know how safe and effective these therapies are and if you have any other suggestions to help him with his symptoms and avoid another hospitalization. Because of its severity and complexity, asthma and its treatment are often frustrating for patients, families, and clinicians. Out of desperation, many patients and families turn to alternative therapies, such as nutrition, herbs, and Chinese medicine. With the growing interest in and use of alternative therapies, practitioners would do well to become familiar with them, their side effects, and potential benefits. Traditional medical management also has changed; modern therapy emphasizes anti-inflammatory rather than bronchodilator medication. This review focuses on modern management of chronic asthma symptoms and highlights recent evidence about the effectiveness and side effects of alternative treatments.
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Kalinga, Tharushi, Buddhika Jayasekara e Indika Perera. "Intelligent Fall Detection and Notification System for IoT based Smart Home Environments". Bolgoda Plains 1, n. 2 (dicembre 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/bprm.v2.2021.3.
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Throughout the history of technology, various mechanisms to support the elderly and the disabled have been introduced as a remedy for the inadequacy of caregivers to provide them with the required assistance in leading an independent and secure living. Among all those mechanisms, smart homes and social robotics appear to play a significant and effective role in assuring a comfortable and safe environment for the elderly and the disabled who prefer to live independently without causing an extra burden on their families.
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Barker-Devine, Jenny. "“Mightier than Missiles”: The Rhetoric of Civil Defense for Rural American Families, 1950–1970". Agricultural History 80, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2006): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-80.4.415.
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Abstract During the Cold War, physical and cultural distance from major metropolitan areas did not preclude farm and rural families from taking part in civil defense preparations. In the early 1950s the evacuation of civilian populations from urban areas and military targets served as the basis for federal and state civil defense programs. By the late 1950s and early 1960s, however, as the dangers of fallout shaped the public discourse, rural areas were no longer considered safe from an attack. Throughout this period, the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA), in conjunction with the USDA and State Cooperative Extension Services, launched campaigns to educate farmers on their roles as providers of food and as budding atomic scientists. The rhetoric of these programs reinforced the notion that rural Americans contributed not only food and raw materials to the American economy, but also served as the moral backbone of a democratic nation. Such language placed farmers and rural residents on the front lines of the Cold War.
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Saleh, Mohammed S. M., e Yusof Kamisah. "Potential Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Dengue Fever and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus". Biomolecules 11, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010042.
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While dengue virus (DENV) infection imposes a serious challenge to the survival of humans worldwide, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) remains the most devastating pandemic in human history. A significant number of studies have shown that plant-derived substances could serve as potential candidates for the development of safe and efficacious remedies for combating these diseases. Different scientific databases were used to source for literature on plants used against these infections. Thirty-five studies described the traditional use of 25 species from 20 families for treating DENV infection with Carica papaya and Euphorbia hirta were the most widely used across different regions. 13 in vivo studies, 32 in vitro studies, and eight clinical studies were conducted on 30 species from 25 families against different DENV serotypes, while plants from 13 families were reported to inhibit different forms of SARS-CoV, all of which were investigated through in vitro studies. Phytoconstituents belonging to various chemical classes were identified to show a wide range of antiviral activity against these infections. Extensive studies on the potentials of medicinal plants are needed to confirm their efficacy. This paper reveals the capabilities of medicinal plants and their phytochemicals in inhibiting DENV and SARS-CoV infections.
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Heward-Belle, Susan Lynn, Margaret Kertesz, Cathy Humphreys, Menka Tsantefski e Jasmin Isobe. "Participatory practice guideline development at the intersections of domestic and family violence, mental distress and/or parental substance use". Advances in Dual Diagnosis 15, n. 1 (16 febbraio 2022): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/add-12-2021-0017.
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Purpose It is well established that the service system has a poor history of responding holistically to address the needs of children and families living with co-occurring complexities such as domestic violence, parental mental health and/or substance use. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to primarily describe the developmental process used to create guidelines to inform practice at the intersections of domestic violence, mental health and alcohol and other drug services, ensuring that the tactics of coercive control are visible in contexts of complexity. Design/methodology/approach The guidelines were developed through undertaking a literature review, followed by a practice-led research approach with practitioners from 33 organisations across three Australian states, Safe & Together consultants and researchers. Communities of practice composed of practitioners providing interventions to children and families were central to the approach. Data that informed the development of the guidelines included a literature review, ethnographic notes, qualitative interviews, quantitative surveys and reflections. Findings Practice-led research engaged practitioners in the development of guidelines to promote an integrated response to working with families experiencing domestic violence, substance use and mental health issues. The integrated approach drew from the Safe & Together model, emphasising partnering with women survivors, pivoting to the perpetrator, focusing on children’s safety and well-being, promoting worker safety, collaborating across agencies and influencing organisational change. The process demonstrated the usefulness of this integrated approach, using practitioner-based examples. Originality/value Successful iterative processes to develop the guidelines were undertaken to support cultural change towards holistic and collaborative work across multiple sectors and organisations.
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Estes, James M. "The Role of Godly Magistrates in the Church: Melanchthon as Luther's Interpreter and Collaborator". Church History 67, n. 3 (settembre 1998): 463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3170941.
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Our knowledge of Melanchthon's thought on the role of godly magistrates in the church is surprisingly incomplete, despite the generally acknowledged importance of that thought. Most Reformation scholars are familiar with Melanchthon's argument that the Christian magistrate is, as custodian of both tables of the Law and as foremost member of the church, the incumbent of an office established for the sake of the church and thus burdened with responsibility for the establishment and maintenance of true religion. Most know too that this argument became the standard Lutheran justification for what is called the cura religionis of the magistrate. Few, however, are aware that it took Melanchthon a good decade to arrive at that doctrine, that he spent a further decade or so refining and developing it, and that during all that time there was an intimate connection between the content of his thought and the course of public events. The reason for this gap in our knowledge is that the history of the development of Melanchthon's thought on the religious duties of secular rulers has not yet been written.
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Ildarova, R. A., M. A. Shkolnikova e S. A. Termosesov. "Implantation of Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Children With Long-QT Syndrome: Assessment of Indications, Efficacy, and Safety Based on 10-Year Experience". Kardiologiia 58, n. 12 (25 dicembre 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2018.12.10191.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: to assess specificities of course of the longQT syndrome in children before and after implantation of cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD), and optimization of indications to ICDtherapy.Materials and methods. We included in this study 48 children with longQT syndrome from 44 unrelated families (28 boys and 20 girls), who underwent ICD implantation at the mean age 11.8±3.8 years. Mean duration of followup after implantation was 5.2±2.8 years. Data from these children were compared with those from 59 children of comparable age and gender with longQT syndrome from 46 unrelated families receiving antiarrhythmic therapy (βadrenoblockers). We assessed clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of the disease obtained at initial visit and their dynamics thereafter.Results. Children with longQT syndrome and ICD were mainly probands with interval QT longer than 500 ms, recurrent syncope and often history of sudden cardiac arrest requiring high doses of βadrenoblockers for control of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.Conclusion. ICD implantation is an effective and safe method both of primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in children with longQT syndrome.
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Fiorentino, Riccardo, e Francesco Chiarelli. "Statins in Children, an Update". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n. 2 (10 gennaio 2023): 1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021366.
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Since lipid abnormalities tend to progress from childhood to adulthood, it is necessary to early identify and treat children and adolescents with dyslipidemia. This is important in order to reduce the cardiovascular risk, delay the development of fatty streaks, slow the progression of atherosclerosis and reverse atherosclerotic plaques. Together with therapeutic lifestyle changes, statins are the most common lipid-lowering drugs. By inhibiting the endogenous cholesterol synthesis in the liver, statins increase the catabolism of LDL-C, reduce VLDL-C, IDL-C and TG and modestly increase HDL-C. Regardless of their lipid-lowering effect, statins have also pleiotropic effects. Statins have increasingly been prescribed in children and adolescents and mounting evidence suggests their beneficial role. As with adults, in children, several studies have demonstrated that statin therapy is efficient at lowering lipid levels and reducing CIMT progression and cumulative estimated atherosclerotic burden in children. Statins are generally very well-tolerated in both adults and children and adverse events are quite uncommon. When evaluating the need and the timing for statin treatment, the presence of several factors (secondary causes, familial history, additional risk factors) should also be considered. Before initiating statins, it is imperative for clinical practitioners to consult patients and families and, as with any new medication therapy, to monitor patients taking statins. Despite being safe and effective, many children with lipid disorders are not on statin therapy and are not receiving the full potential benefit of adequate lipid-lowering therapies. It is therefore important that clinicians become familiar with statins.
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Khan, Rafiullah, Arshad Ahmad, Alhuseen Omar Alsayed, Muhammad Binsawad, Muhammad Arshad Islam e Mohib Ullah. "QuPiD Attack: Machine Learning-Based Privacy Quantification Mechanism for PIR Protocols in Health-Related Web Search". Scientific Programming 2020 (14 luglio 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8868686.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the advancement in ICT, web search engines have become a preferred source to find health-related information published over the Internet. Google alone receives more than one billion health-related queries on a daily basis. However, in order to provide the results most relevant to the user, WSEs maintain the users’ profiles. These profiles may contain private and sensitive information such as the user’s health condition, disease status, and others. Health-related queries contain privacy-sensitive information that may infringe user’s privacy, as the identity of a user is exposed and may be misused by the WSE and third parties. This raises serious concerns since the identity of a user is exposed and may be misused by third parties. One well-known solution to preserve privacy involves issuing the queries via peer-to-peer private information retrieval protocol, such as useless user profile (UUP), thereby hiding the user’s identity from the WSE. This paper investigates the level of protection offered by UUP. For this purpose, we present QuPiD (query profile distance) attack: a machine learning-based attack that evaluates the effectiveness of UUP in privacy protection. QuPiD attack determines the distance between the user’s profile (web search history) and upcoming query using our proposed novel feature vector. The experiments were conducted using ten classification algorithms belonging to the tree-based, rule-based, lazy learner, metaheuristic, and Bayesian families for the sake of comparison. Furthermore, two subsets of an America Online dataset (noisy and clean datasets) were used for experimentation. The results show that the proposed QuPiD attack associates more than 70% queries to the correct user with a precision of over 72% for the clean dataset, while for the noisy dataset, the proposed QuPiD attack associates more than 40% queries to the correct user with 70% precision.
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Novoselova, E. N. "To the problem of excessive alcohol consumption in Russian families". Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 26, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2020): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2020-26-4-142-160.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the analysis of alcoholism in Russian families. The author gives a brief excurse into the history of alcohol consumption, dispels the myth that the Russian people never controlled consumption of alcoholic beverages. The work, relying on the latest statistics, demonstrated that despite the emerging positive trends in this area, the level of alcohol consumption (especially strong alcohol) in Russia is still very high and significantly exceeds the conditionally safe norm indicated by the WHO experts. It negatively affects the life expectancy of the Russian population, especially among men of working age. However, if previously alcoholism was predominantly masculine, today this type of addiction is becoming gender-neutral and women drink on a par with men, which will inevitably lead to an increase in mortality from alcohol-related causes among them.Particular attention is paid to the problems of families facing the problem of alcoholism among one or several of their members. It is emphasized that children are the most vulnerable in this situation because of their dependence on adults — they are not able to change the situation and are forced to live in constant conflict, stress and ill-treatment. The author notes that the violence to which not only children, but also other family members are subjected to in alcoholic families, is far from rare and extremely dangerous.The paper addresses the issue of the influence of alcoholism of adult family members on children's health. Children of dependent parents are often born sick and lag behind in physical and mental development. This is further aggravated by upbringing in an atmosphere of alcoholism, which leads to the fact that the younger generation perceives excessive alcohol consumption as the norm, adopts the habits of parents and also become dependent. Children of drinking parents also experience many complexities of a personal and interpersonal nature and are prone to auto-aggressive behavior.In conclusion, the author addresses the problem of social orphanhood arising from alcohol abuse by parents, as well as its consequences.The empirical part of the work is based on data from the World Health Organization, the Federal State Statistics Service, the Public Opinion Foundation and the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion.The article will be of interest to specialists in the field of sociology of family and health, prevention of addictive behavior, rehabilitation of people with addictions, and students of relevant specialties.
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Anderson, Elisabeth, Bruce G. Carruthers e Timothy W. Guinnane. "An Unlikely Alliance: How Experts and Industry Transformed Consumer Credit Policy in the Early Twentieth Century United States". Social Science History 39, n. 4 (2015): 581–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.72.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite the recently demonstrated importance of consumer credit for the economic health of nations and families, little is known about the history of consumer credit markets and their regulation. An important chapter in the history of consumer credit regulation came between 1909 and 1941, when policy experts at the Russell Sage Foundation (RSF) engaged in a national campaign to transform small loan markets and policy in the United States. Concentrating its efforts on state-by-state passage of the Uniform Small Loan Law, the foundation's political success hinged upon an alliance with the American Association of Personal Finance Companies. While most scholarship portrays experts as being dominated or co-opted by industry, our case provides a countervailing example. Far from controlling RSF experts, lenders became dependent on the foundation for legitimating their political lobbying and their business activities. We explain how the foundation built its expert reputation through a process of reputational entrepreneurship, and we trace how RSF experts deployed this reputation as a power resource in their negotiations with small loan lenders.
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Majumdar, Kunal Kanti. "Prevalence of Fluorosis and pattern of Domestic filters use in two Fluoride endemic blocks of West Bengal, India". Journal of Comprehensive Health 3, n. 1 (24 ottobre 2020): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53553/jch.v03i01.003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Fluorosis is an impending public health problem in West Bengal affecting a large number of population, and Birbhum is one of the affected districts with seven affected blocks with increased prevalence of dental, skeletal, and non-skeletal fluorosis. Objective: The present study was conducted to see the extent of fluorosis in two selected affected blocks of Birbhum District of West Bengal and to determine the pattern of usage of domestic filters by the villagers of the above selected endemic villages. Methodology: A total 30 families were selected randomly out of families having past history of taking water from an unsafe source from the two endemic blocks i.e. Rampurhat I and Khoerasol of Birbhum Distric of West Bengal. Out of these 30 families a total 125 family members were selected health survey. A total 60 school children were examined and screened for Dental fluorosis in the above blocks. All these families were supplied domestic filters for removal of fluoride and the pattern of usage of domestic filters by the villagers were also studied. Results: 44.4% and 47.5% of the study population are found to be suffering from Dental fluorosis. Prevalence of manifestations of skeletal fluorosis was found to be 6.6-26.2% in this study. Prevalence of manifestations of non skeletal fluorosis was found to be 25% to 40%. 40 -60% of school children were found to be suffering from Dental fluorosis in the study area. Withdrawal of source(s) identified for fluoride by supplying domestic and community filters along with dietary intervention leads to decreased manifestations of the three types of fluorosis but from the study it was evident that only 20-40% of population were using domestic filters due to lack of awareness regarding health hazards of Fluoride toxicity, lack of maintenance and delay in repair of parts and lack of monitoring and supervision. Conclusion: More extensive studies involving large group of population may be needed in future to measure the impact. Supply of safe water with nutritional interventions based on the above findings may be necessary to combat the problem of fluorosis
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Parscale, Steve, Lester C. Reams e Tatiana Andrienko-Genin. "US Accreditation as a World-Class Education Quality Indicator". Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 28, n. 1 (25 agosto 2022): 86–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2022-28-1-6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
On the turning point of European and world history, it is extremely important to unveil and effectively utilize the potential of effective high-quality education to make the future better for generations to come. Higher education quality management through accreditation has a long history of development in the United States, and time-proven standards, stimulating accredited institutions to continually improve academic quality.
The concepts, systems, principles and practices of accreditation arouse in the United States out of the need to meet the demands for quality, and evolved over decades, to form a coherent set of standards and frameworks of continuous improvement in all meaningful directions of the educational institutions’ life, striving for teaching excellence and high learning outcomes. At present, accreditation principles and processes, as exemplified by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP) programmatic accreditation, are implemented in the US and numerous countries of the world, to ensure high standard and continuous improvement of business education quality, to raise the competitiveness of educational institutions in response to the expectations of public (primarily, students and their families), governments, employers, universities/colleges, academics, and broader communities.
This study establishes the correlation of the quality management system via ACBSP accreditation with the continuous improvement of business education quality. This study also provides statistical evidence that the application of quality management principles at institutions of higher education with accredited business programs did result in the association with enhanced student learning outcomes.
Higher education quality management leads to higher employability of the institution’s graduates. Since the quality of education is crucial for the country’s economic growth and prosperity, the business education institutions and programs in Ukraine and other Central and Eastern European and Eurasian countries may benefit from implementing quality management through ACBSP accreditation for their undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate (doctoral) business programs, to satisfy ever-rising expectations of candidates for top managerial and leadership positions.
The research suggests that 51% of the institutions of higher education with business programs in the United States, and 93% of the institutions of higher education worldwide could benefit from implementing accreditation principles and processes to maintain and enhance their education quality and competitiveness in the world business education market, for the sake of highest recognition of their graduates’ diploma on the global job markets and significant increase of their employability.
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Mattiace, Shannan, e Tomas Nonnenmacher. "Internal Migration to Yucatán, Mexico: Moving for Security". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 38, n. 3 (2022): 406–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.406.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Between 2000 and 2020, over one-third of the population increase of Yucatán’s capital city, Mérida, was due to the increase in the population born in another state in Mexico. Compared to the rest of Mexico and to Yucatán’s historical patterns, the growth in the out-of-state population during this time period has been unusual and dramatic. We focus on one explanation for this growth: the increase in criminal violence and insecurity in the rest of Mexico that has made Yucatán an attractive destination for Mexicans seeking safe spaces to work, raise their families, and retire. Migration-policy specialists, the media, and scholars often focus their attention on Internally Displaced Peoples (IDPs), who are forcibly displaced from their homes in contexts of generalized violence. Although migrants to Yucatán cite security concerns more than migrants to any other state, few come from states in which IDPs have been documented. We broadly define migrants seeking safety from criminal insecurity and violence as security migrants and argue that using this broader definition describes migrants to Yucatán more accurately than IDPs.
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Peters, Sarah, Matthew Carwana e Erin Peebles. "28 Lost in Translation: Canadian Paediatric Resident Education and Practice of Clinical Translation Services". Paediatrics & Child Health 28, Supplement_1 (1 settembre 2023): e13-e13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxad055.028.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Background Canadian paediatric residents provide care to many families with non-English or French language preferences (NEFLP). Lack of communication in a family’s preferred language is inequitable and results in inferior care. Professional medical interpreters offer a route to enhanced understanding and safety. There is no data available about Canadian paediatric residents’ use of interpreters, making it difficult to identify gaps in practice or develop targeted interventions to improve patient experience. Objectives An anonymous, 19-item survey (REDCap) was designed to evaluate: (1) interpreter services available in paediatric training centers; (2) resident perception of their ease of access, utility, and value; and (3) barriers and drivers to interpreter use. This survey represents the first collection of data from Canadian paediatric residents about translator services. Design/Methods Eligible participants included all paediatric residents enrolled in an accredited Canadian paediatric training program. The survey was distributed by email and available for a three-month period. This project was reviewed and considered within the category of quality improvement and thus exempt from formal review by the hospital ethics committee. Descriptive statistics were performed in STATA v15.1. Results 122 residents (approximately 19% of eligible participants) responded. Approximately 40% reported no previous training in interpreter use, and 60% desired more training. Interpreter services are widely available but remain underused in a variety of clinical situations: interpreters are most often used during informed consent (98% ‘mostly’ or ‘always’), family meetings (97%), and history-taking (86%), and least often during physical examinations (41%) and bedside rounds (38%). Residents are more likely to use an interpreter if access is easy (97% ‘more likely’ or ‘likely’) or if there is extra time for the encounter (78%). Most residents (85%) felt they provide better care to patients who share their primary language (English or French), compared with families who prefer other languages. Conclusion Residents are more confident in their clinical and communication skills when working with families who share their primary language compared with NEFLP families, even when an interpreter is present. Our findings suggest that residents lack the training and confidence to provide equal care to families with varying language preferences. Paediatric training programs should develop curriculum content that not only targets safe and effective interpreter use, but also reviews non-spoken aspects of cultural awareness and safety.
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Maina, Geoffrey, Kerry Marshall e Jordan Sherstobitof. "Untangling the Complexities of Substance Use Initiation and Recovery: Client Reflections on Opioid Use Prevention and Recovery From a Social-Ecological Perspective". Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 15 (gennaio 2021): 117822182110503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11782218211050372.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: In Canada, the rate of opioid use, opioid use disorder (OUD), and associated mortality and morbidity are higher among Indigenous Peoples than the general population. Indigenous Peoples on medications for opioid use disorders (MOUD) often face distinct barriers that hinder their clinical progress, leading to treatment attrition. Methods: We used a social-ecological model to inquire into clients’ experiences with a history of treatment failure for OUD. We used exploratory qualitative research to engage 22 clients with a history of OUD treatment dropouts and who are currently on MOUD. In-depth, semi-structured interviews lasting an average of 30 minutes were conducted on-site. Results: We identified 4 themes from the study: (a) risk for substance use; (b) factors sustaining substance use; (c) factors leading to treatment, and (d) treatment failure and re-enrollment. Conclusion: Using a socio-ecological model helps to understand factors that influence an individual’s risk for OUD, decision to pursue treatment, and treatment outcomes. Furthermore, social ecological model also creates possibilities to develop supportive, multilevel interventions to prevent OUD risks and support for clients on MOUD. Such interventions include mitigating adverse childhood experiences, supporting families, and creating safe community environments.
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Maina, Geoffrey, Kerry Marshall e Jordan Sherstobitof. "Untangling the Complexities of Substance Use Initiation and Recovery: Client Reflections on Opioid Use Prevention and Recovery From a Social-Ecological Perspective". Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 15 (gennaio 2021): 117822182110503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11782218211050372.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: In Canada, the rate of opioid use, opioid use disorder (OUD), and associated mortality and morbidity are higher among Indigenous Peoples than the general population. Indigenous Peoples on medications for opioid use disorders (MOUD) often face distinct barriers that hinder their clinical progress, leading to treatment attrition. Methods: We used a social-ecological model to inquire into clients’ experiences with a history of treatment failure for OUD. We used exploratory qualitative research to engage 22 clients with a history of OUD treatment dropouts and who are currently on MOUD. In-depth, semi-structured interviews lasting an average of 30 minutes were conducted on-site. Results: We identified 4 themes from the study: (a) risk for substance use; (b) factors sustaining substance use; (c) factors leading to treatment, and (d) treatment failure and re-enrollment. Conclusion: Using a socio-ecological model helps to understand factors that influence an individual’s risk for OUD, decision to pursue treatment, and treatment outcomes. Furthermore, social ecological model also creates possibilities to develop supportive, multilevel interventions to prevent OUD risks and support for clients on MOUD. Such interventions include mitigating adverse childhood experiences, supporting families, and creating safe community environments.
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MEKHAMADIEV, Evgeniy A. "AL-DINAWARI AND AL-TABARI, ARABIC-SPEAKING HISTORIANS IN THE 9TH — EARLY 10TH CENTURY, ON THE ARMENIAN TROOPS AT THE BYZANTINE MILITARY SERVICE IN 590-591: TOWARDS THE PARTICIPATION OF THE ARMENIAN NOBLE FAMILIES (NAKHARARS)". Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 6, n. 3 (2020): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-3-105-117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article covers the legal status, condition, and functions of the Armenian troops, which fought within the Byzantine army on behalf of the Persian king Khosrow II Parwiz in 591 during his clash with a Persian usurper Bakhram Chobin. The author turns his attention to the sources, which had been neglected in previous historiographic studies. The sources ate the accounts of Arabic-speaking historians al-Dinawari and al-Tabari, who lived in the 9th — early 10th century. Having compared their evidence and the narratives of the Greek (Theophylactus Symocatta) and Armenian (Sebeos) historical chronicles, the author has discovered a social origin of the Armenian troops, which were a part of the Byzantine army. In addition, the author has traced the way of their territorial movements and studied in succession how the functions and status of these Armenian units changed over the time. In regards to the methods, the author highlights the usage of the historical-chronological narrative, i. e. the analysis of event history, when events are arranged and presented in strict chronological order. This method has allowed seeing the events in consecutive manner: how the status and functions of Armenian ethnic units within the Byzantine army changed before and after 590-591. The main conclusion of this contribution is that the Armenian units, which fought for the sake of Khosrow II Parwiz within the Byzantine troops, represented the retinues of nakharars, who were the chiefs of Armenian noble families, but first these nakharars located on a territory of Persia, not Byzantium. The supreme and general leader of such retinues was a powerful nakharar Moushel Mamikonean, who refused to accept Bakhram and as a result joined the Byzantine troops, which came to Persia at the request of Khosrow in order to destroy Bakhram. After Bakhram was defeated, Moushel and the nakharars subordinated to him, moved and resettled in Byzantium. However, because of the mistaken policy the Byzantine Emperor Mauricius led towards the Armenian noble, Moushel and his nakharars left Byzantium and fled back to Persia. The departure of the Armenian nakharars generated a serious weakening of Byzantine troops, which stood in Armenian provinces of Byzantium, and this process, in turn, caused the hard defeats of Byzantines from the Persians during 603-607, when Mauricius was already murdered as a result of the internal Byzantine military unrest.
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Elsafti, Abdallah Mohamed, Gerlant van Berlaer, Mohammad Al Safadi, Michel Debacker, Ronald Buyl, Atef Redwan e Ives Hubloue. "Children in the Syrian Civil War: the Familial, Educational, and Public Health Impact of Ongoing Violence". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, n. 6 (14 ottobre 2016): 874–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.165.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractObjectiveThe Syrian civil war since 2011 has led to one of the most complex humanitarian emergencies in history. The objective of this study was to document the impact of the conflict on the familial, educational, and public health state of Syrian children.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted in May 2015. Health care workers visited families with a prospectively designed data sheet in 4 Northern Syrian governorates.ResultsThe 1001 children included in this study originated from Aleppo (41%), Idleb (36%), Hamah (15%), and Lattakia (8%). The children’s median age was 6 years (range, 0-15 years; interquartile range, 3-11 years), and 61% were boys. Almost 20% of the children were internally displaced, and 5% had deceased or missing parents. Children lacked access to safe drinking water (15%), appropriate sanitation (23%), healthy nutrition (16%), and pediatric health care providers (64%). Vaccination was inadequate in 72%. More than half of school-aged children had no access to education. Children in Idleb and Lattakia were at greater risk of having unmet public health needs. Younger children were at greater risk of having an incomplete vaccination state.ConclusionsAfter 4 years of civil war in Syria, children have lost parents, live in substandard life quality circumstances, and are at risk for outbreaks because of worsening vaccination states and insufficient availability of health care providers. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:874–882)
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Djumalieva, D., W. Imamshah, U. Wagner e O. Razum. "Drug use and HIV risk in Trinidad and Tobago: qualitative study". International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, n. 9 (1 settembre 2002): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/09564620260216344.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Crack use is an important risk factor for HIV infection because of its association with unsafe sexual practices. We investigated factors promoting the initiation of crack cocaine use; the sexual behaviour of crack users; and their rehabilitation care seeking behaviour in Trinidad and Tobago. We conducted 40 indepth interviews with drug users. Respondents frequently reported a history of parental desertion, alcohol abuse, and physical abuse within the family. They perceived peer pressure and drug use in the family as important factors promoting first drug use. Exchanging sex for drugs was common, and practising oral sex was considered safe. Female drug users rarely seek rehabilitative care because of stigmatization and lack of care for their children. In Trinidad, attitudes towards drugs in society and families need to be changed. Campaigns promoting safer sex should emphasize the risk of oral sex. Rehabilitation facilities caring for female drug users should offer child care.
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Yildirim, Yetkin. "Toward a Global Civilization of Love and Tolerance". American Journal of Islam and Society 22, n. 3 (1 luglio 2005): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i3.1681.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This book presents the thoughts of M. Fethullah Gülen, one of the world’smost influential Muslim scholars today. His ideas are attractive to manypeople because they give guidance on how to combine Islamic values withcontemporary demands. Moreover, his emphasis on interfaith dialogue hasearned him an international audience from various religious backgrounds.Thus, Gülen’s movement has spread rapidly throughout the world withschools, cultural and media activities, and dialogue projects.This book is a compilation of Gülen’s writings, interviews, andspeeches that address such contemporary topics as interfaith dialogue, jihad,Sufism, and education. Moreover, it is among the first to address the timelyissue of dialogue among civilizations. The book clearly presents Gülen’sunderstanding of such a dialogue as a deliberate undertaking based uponlove, dialogue, and tolerance among people of different backgrounds.Readers who are not familiar with the context of these ideas in Turkish history,however, may find it difficult to follow the flow of some of his ideas.Gülen proposes dialogue for mutual enrichment and sharing as asolution to the “clash of civilizations” (p. 257), stating that the Abrahamicreligions, especially Islam, are against disorder, treachery, conflict, andoppression (p. 256). His model is based on people dedicating their livesto thought and activism for the sake of God and creation.Both Muslims and non-Muslims can benefit from this book. The authorreminds Muslims of Islam’s teachings on dialogue, using the Qur’an andthe Hadith to show that tolerance, love, and compassion have been the mainIslamic values throughout Islamic history and signify the importance of“reflecting God’s Mercy on themselves.” It may also help certain non-Muslims move beyond their prejudice, distrust, and misinformation andarrive at a deeper understanding of Islam. Gülen engages non-Muslims in ...
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Zavyalova, Olga Yu. "The Neo-traditionalism of the Manden Charter". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 14, n. 2 (2022): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.203.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Manden Charter, according to tradition, was adopted in 1236 at Kurukan Fuga (Mali), after the victory of Sunjata Keita, legendary Mali ruler, over Sumaoro Kante, general of susu troops. It is a corpus of rules that was created to organize the Mali Empire. In 2009, UNESCO inscribed the Charter on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The Charter, like the Hunters’ Oath (1222), belongs to the oral tradition and was documented only in 1998. Therer are many oral variants of text. So there is controversy about its authenticity. Basing on the results of my previous research, it is safe to say that the Charter conveys the main social norms of Manden society and its social structure, however, it contains also some modern ideas. In Guinea, near Niagassola village, there is a place similar to Kurukan Fuga, where until recently the main Manden families gathered to make important decisions. Informants said that Sundiata himself was there also. The Charter may be even more significant today than it used to be, which is why it has become the center of attention both among the Manden peoples and abroad. Like every oral tradition the Charter makes changes in history, and this alternation of history is inevitable, because history is important not just for the past, but for present and future of the peoples. Today the Charter is an important element in Manden’s self-identification.
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Kompan Erzar, Katarina. "Dynamics of the Transmission of Trauma through three Generations of Slovene Families". Family Forum 11 (9 gennaio 2022): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ff/4518.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper, we will present a study into the dynamics of the transmission of emotional traumatic in three families of victims of World War II and post-war communist oppression. This study is taken from a broader research project in which we investigated the experiences of nonclinical families that managed to survive through three generation, and in which post-traumatic growth is present, i. e. the ability to integrate traumatic experiences and provide greater security for future generations.
The main focus will be on how emotional content is transmitted and transformed through generations and how to recognise it in various forms of behaviour, thinking and emotions, that appear in each of the generations. As we follow the transformation of traumatic content, we will also follow the the signs that show how traumatic content has integrated and begun to bring new, deeper emotional and mental insights.
The emotional depth of the traumatic experience is what burdens the victim the most and slows down the dynamics of trauma processing. It appears in the form of symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome, insecurity and mistrust. This is found even in victims who have articulated the trauma sufficiently to rise above intimidation, managed to develop emotionally strong and connecting interpersonal relationships, maintain faith in the future, and form a coherent narrative of their traumatic past.
The most interesting result of the research was that all three families, regardless of their diversity, are similar in term of processing the trauma. They were all able to speak openly about their traumatic experiences. In all three families there there was a great deal of discussion and searching for the social framework and personal truth of historical events, and the desire to present and describe the events that left such deep wounds in such a way that they would be clear, reworked and accessible to future generations as a document of the reality of some tragic and difficult times.
Another source of trauma processing was religious faith, which allowed all the participants in this study to look at trauma and life more deeply, through relationships and connections between people and through a deeper understanding of human history embedded in a broader and deeper spiritual flow. Faith helped these families to find the courage to make decisions, to face life’s challenges, and to endure even the most severe of life's trials.
A third source that facilitates the processing and integration of a traumatic experience is secure interpersonal relationships and compassionate parenting. Despite the fact that the whole question of parenting was demanding and full of challenges for our interviewees, the quality of parenting has been improved from generation to generation, and sincere affection for children and gratitude for children were present everywhere. The ability to follow the new generation and its initiatives while maintaining a connection to its roots is a dynamic that characterises all three families. There is also a lot of thinking and conscious effort in establishing and maintaining good marital relationships in these families.
For the recovery from trauma this study shows the importance of talking about it and also talking about it in a safe relationship until it takes a form that is genuine and at the same time clear, coherent and thus suitable for the general public. That’s when the traumatic story ceases to be traumatizing and becomes a story of courage, perseverance, and truth.
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Dian Lestari Hidayah, Farida Fitriana, Andriyanti, Ivon Diah Wittiarika e Ratna Dwi Jayanti. "MODE OF DELIVERY IN THE SECOND PREGNANCY OF MOTHER WITH HIGH MYOPIA AND HISTORY OF SECTIO CESAREAN: A CASE REPORT". Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal 7, n. 2 (28 aprile 2023): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v7i2.2023.164-172.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Pregnant women with a history of cesarean section have problems choosing the delivery method for their next pregnancy. Sometimes there are still other risk factors, one of which is high myopia, which adds to the problem of choosing an effective delivery method with the advantages and disadvantages of each. Continuity of care in midwifery is very important in providing patients insight, knowledge, and support to make decisions about appropriate and safe delivery methods. Case report: A 29-year-old woman G2P1A0 with high myopia (minus 8) and cesarean scar three years ago for indications of high myopia (minus 10). In this second pregnancy, the mother underwent another SC because of high myopia minus 8, and the mother has not had a retinal laser until the present. Patients receive referrals from a primary health center for antenatal care and preparation for delivery at referral health facilities with high-risk pregnancies. Mothers are faced with two choices: TOLAC (Trial Of Labor After Cesarean Delivery) and ERCD (Elective Repeat Cesarean Delivery). The mother was consulted by an eye specialist at the referral hospital. The condition of the eye’s retina is good from the results of an eye specialist examination. However, it is still necessary to do a retinal laser process as prophylaxis if the mother wants to have a vaginal delivery. In the end, cesarean delivery is the mother's choice. Conclusion: Pregnancies with high myopia and cesarean scars need to receive full support from midwives and families to carry out comprehensive COC care to improve the health of mothers and children by assisting mothers in selecting delivery methods that are effective and safe for both mother and baby.
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Filyushkin, A. I. "Why in the Modern World the Future is Replaced by the Past: is History Coming Back?" Journal of International Analytics 13, n. 3 (30 settembre 2022): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-3-16-29.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the last two or three decades, there has been a progressive increase in interest in history. Scientists see the reasons for this in the political situation, the growth of nationalist sentiments, and “memory wars.” The article proposes a hypothesis according to which the causes of the origins of this phenomenon lie much deeper: in global changes in human culture related to ideas about time, changes in views on the role of the past, as well as the relationship between the past and the present and the possibility of predicting the future. History is being replaced by historical memory, the functionality of which lies mainly in the sphere of historical politics and social practices. Hence, the paradoxical nature of what is happening: the role of historical science is diminishing, and the role of historical knowledge is growing. The current information situation and total digitalization play a huge role here. Thanks to them, the past and the future turn into an “expanded present,” and historical knowledge becomes a giant palimpsest that is constantly being rewritten. Hence, the trend towards the repoliticization of history, calls for the restoration of its ethical component, its role as a “teacher of life,” the legal and ethical relevance of historical knowledge, which acts as an argument in the accusations and justifications of countries and peoples (this process is called the legitimization of history). The conjuncture for the sake of “correct” modern politics is no longer considered a discrediting circumstance for historians. On the contrary, historians are charged with the duty to act as judges or lawyers at the trial of descendants over the past. All these trends, in the context of the end of the temporal regime of modernity and universal digitalization, lead to the blurring of the distance between the past and the present and the transformation of history into an “expanded present,” because it is the goals and objectives of the present that determine the endless revision of the past, rewriting history. This conclusion is important for understanding the ongoing processes. The modern growth of retrotopia, the changing role of historical knowledge, the trend towards the repoliticization and rehabilitation of the presentism is not a negative political conjuncture that can be corrected nor can its onset be contained. This is the result of global trends in the field of culture in the broadest sense of the word. Ultimately, they can lead to the rebirth of historical science and historical knowledge into a new meta-system that differs from the role of the history of the modern era that is familiar to us.
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Maume, D. J. "Families That Work: Policies for Reconciling Parenthood and Employment By Janet C. Gornick and Marcia K. Meyers Russell Sage Foundation, 2003. 392 pages. $39.95 (cloth), $19.95 (paper)". Social Forces 84, n. 1 (1 settembre 2005): 612–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sof.2005.0114.
Testo completo
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Hoxha, Artan R. "Why Did Albanians Protect Jews during the Holocaust?" East Central Europe 51, n. 1 (21 marzo 2024): 108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763308-51010002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The fact that some Albanians protected Jews during the Holocaust has long been known in Albania and has become increasingly well known in the West since Israel recognized sixty-five Muslim Albanians as Righteous Gentiles. Albanian historians ignored these facts until the fall of communism, and Westerners portrayed Albanian helpers of Jews as generalized mythical Muslims with a medieval culture in an obscure pro-Semitic European oasis rather than as individuals making a variety of choices. This research sheds light on the ideological limitations pervasive in existing Albanian historical scholarship and then draws on twenty-seven new oral history interviews with families who saved Jews to outline a range of reasons that Albanians of various religions, political backgrounds, and social statuses took Jews into their care between 1942 and 1945. Going beyond reductionist nationalist explanations, we see that it was a combination of geographically differentiated socio-cultural, political, economic, and war-specific factors that led to Jews finding safe haven in some areas populated by ethnic Albanians during World War Two.
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Hoerder, Dirk. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Migrations in Slavic, Tsarist Russian and Soviet History". Journal of Migration History 3, n. 2 (27 settembre 2017): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00302001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Migration in Rus’-land, Tsarist Russia and Soviet history received little attention before 1986. Since the 2000s interest has intensified. This issue of the Journal of Migration History provides a synopsis of the continuity as well as multiplicity of migrations from the sixth to the nineteenth century and case studies of different migrations from the late nineteenth century to the 1990s. Migration of state-backed Slavic-speaking peasants in the late nineteenth century into Kazakhs’ grazing lands disrupted the way-of-life of the herders and acerbated class relations between increasingly wealthy and increasingly poor herders. In Tsarist society as a whole, the regime deprived dissidents of ways of expression and encouraged pogroms against Jewish families and communities. Many of those who fled made their way to London and other safe havens. In Parliament, and among the British public in general, a sometimes acrimonious debate about immigration restrictions began. A 1905 anti-alien law kept the door open for political refugees but closed it to impoverished migrants. In wartime after 1914 and far more so after 1941 the state evacuated people before advancing armies and deported others, perceived to be disloyal. In this respect, the change from Tsarist to Bolshevik rule in its Stalinist version was no break – but the much larger quantity of people being moved around led to a new quality: authorities lost sight or interest in distinguishing evacuees from deportees. When, in the late 1950s, control relaxed, young people began to migrate on their own for a limited period of time. The limichiki faced exploitative hiring factories but often supportive state authorities. When glasnost changed the labour regime under neo-liberalist policies, the status of the temporary workers declined. The Tsarist-Soviet/Stalinist-post-1986 sequence of regimes encouraged, hindered or prohibited, and organised a vast variety of free, unfree, and forced labour migrations that were, in part at least, ways of life.
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Lyne, R. O. A. M. "Propertius 2.10 and 11 and the Structure of Books ‘2A’ and ‘2B’". Journal of Roman Studies 88 (novembre 1998): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/300803.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The manuscripts of Propertius present us with a single, massive ‘Book 2’ over thirteen hundred and sixty lines long. Like many before me, I am convinced that this ‘Book 2’ is a mistake of transmission and actually preserves the remnants of two ancient books. In this article I identify and discuss the poem which I believe closed the first of the ancient books; for convenience's sake we can call this book ‘Book 2a’. I shall be saying something, too, about the structure and content of both ancient books — of Book 2b as well as Book 2a.It was Lachmann who first made the — to me — irresistible suggestion that our ‘Book 2’ is the product of two ancient books. There has been strong support for this view. For example, a succinct case is put forward by Otto Skutsch; and highly convincing and detailed support has been offered in an important recent paper by Heyworth. There are intricacies of evidence to consider (for example, Nonius Marcellus' citation of our 3.21.14), but I shall set these to one side. I shall simply cite two crucial and probably familiar facts, which are in summary as follows.
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Mountz, Alison, e Richard A. Wright. "Daily Life in the Transnational Migrant Community of San Agustín, Oaxaca, and Poughkeepsie, New York". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 5, n. 3 (dicembre 1996): 403–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.5.3.403.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ten young men hold a simple white casket in place in the back of a red van with New York license plates. They accompany the casket through town to the cemetery in San Agustín, Mexico. They are the only male migrants remaining after the Christmas holiday that brought so many back to spend a few weeks with families before returning to work in el norte. While they mourn Mauricio's death with his family in San Agustín, others mourn with Mauricio's newly arrived little brother in Poughkeepsie. Mauricio died not in the dangerous space of el norte but rather in the safe, taken-for-granted space of the village. He bought the van in the U.S. and proudly drove these cousins and friends home. They had all stayed in the village longer than usual so that Mauricio could propose to his girlfriend. Mauricio planned to then return north for two years to save money for his wedding. Now people march behind the van honoring the premature death of a hard-working eighteen-year-old migrant. By the standards of the villagers, he was an exemplary success, responsible both to family and community, and so most of the village attends the procession. The villagers identify with the tragedy because Mauricio's death represents the realization of their fears. Villagers pray that absent husbands, sons, cousins, and boyfriends will survive and prosper to return soon to their families. Zapotec tradition holds that the death of a child must be a happy event in order to replace the happiness missed in life. On this occasion, however, the villagers find little to celebrate in the death of a friend, the disappearance of youth, and the fears of absence.
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Titovich, E. V. "Molecular-genetic, immunological bases and prophylaxis of diabetes mellitus in children". Problems of Endocrinology 57, n. 1 (15 febbraio 2011): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl20115719-18.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since the autoimmune nature of type 1 diabetes mellitus came to become known some 40 years ago, continuous investigations have been carried out in an attempt to improve approaches to prognostication of this disease and develop new safe and efficacious methods for its prevention. For all that, many aspects of diabetes pathogenesis still remain far from clear. In most cases (roughly 85%), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) develops sporadically in the absence of a relevant familial or hereditary history of this condition. Accordingly, the first-degree relatives account for only 15% of all DM1 patients. The risk of development of DM1 in the Russian population estimated by the researchers of the Children' Department, Endocrinological Research Centre, is relatively low (0.2%). It depends on many factors, such as the number of ill and healthy relatives, the chronological age of a given patient and the age of onset of clinical manifestations in his (her) relatives. Type 1 diabetes-predisposing and protective haplotypes were identified in the Russian population based on the results of molecular-genetic studies involving 599 children and adolescents with DM1. These and immunological data were used to distinguish between risk groups in the families of diabetic patients and the rationale was proposed for the dynamic follow-up of these subjects. It is concluded that estimation of the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus based on the results of molecular-genetic studies and monitoring immunological markers constitutes the first step in the elaboration of preventive measures designed to prevent or delay the development of the disease.
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Sugeng, Sugeng, Annisa Fitria e Adi Nur Rohman. "Promoting Digital Literacy for The Prevention of Risk Behavior in Social Media for Adolescents". Jurnal Keamanan Nasional 8, n. 1 (11 agosto 2022): 114–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v8i1.547.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article examines the internet and social media which are increasingly used by the public, especially among teenagers. Through digital technology, people are constantly connected to each other. Along with the rise of various risky behaviors and crimes that use information technology, both as a means and a target. Based on doctrinal studies, the results show that regulations related to information technology and the internet have not yet reached digital platform providers in creating a secure digital space. Sanctions and penalties for law violations and crimes are only intended for social media users. Efforts to create a safe and civilized digital space are carried out through policy breakthroughs, both at the ministry level and law enforcement agencies. The vulnerability of adolescents to threats in the digital space needs to be overcome with the support of the family as the smallest unit of society, through strengthening digital literacy. Digital skills are expected to improve youth's ability to use the internet and social media for productive and useful activities. Digital literacy policies for teenagers are not only the responsibility of the state, but also the community, educators, and families.
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Kind-Kovács, Friederike, e Anna Oksiutovych. "Reflecting on the Present through the Past: Children's Displacement from Ukraine". Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth 17, n. 2 (marzo 2024): 254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a926867.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract: Friederike Kind Kovács and Anna Oksiutovych argue that the displacement of children is one of the major, but generally overlooked, consequences of the war in Ukraine. The authors find valuable insights in studying previous examples of children's forced displacement and migration to safe countries that help identify the possible long- and short-term consequences for the children who have left Ukraine following the Russia's invasion that began February 24, 2022. Specifically, the history of Hungarian children's displacement during and after World War I offers important parallels. Kind-Kovács and Oksiutovych identify two kinds of displacements—those that take place by families leaving for safe countries in anticipation of the crisis created by the war and children's forced displacement under Russian policies. In regard to the latter, the article examines the Russian government's possible motivations behind the forced abduction of 700,000 Ukrainian minors taken to Russia, actions that are contrary to international law. These abductions target the most vulnerable children, especially orphans and disabled children residing in institutions. The authors conducted oral histories with Ukrainian mothers who relocated with their children to safe countries, and their testimonies offers insights into the difficulties faced by these refugee children even in these "better" circumstances. The authors underscore the urgent need for comprehensive international measures to protect children's rights in conflict zones such as Ukraine, finding support for their conclusions in historical evidence.
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Cleary, Eimear, Kevin M. Malone, Collete Corry, Anne Sheridan, Cecily C. Kelleher, Abbie Lane e Seamus McGuiness. "Lived Lives at Fort Dunree: a rural community perspective". Wellcome Open Research 6 (19 aprile 2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15613.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Elevated suicide rates have alarmed policy makers and communities. In these circumstances, the value of understanding more about communities and their potential role in suicide intervention is becoming more apparent. This study involved evaluating feedback from individuals with and without previous suicidal thinking who participated in an arts-science rural community-based intervention project around suicide (Lived Lives at Fort Dunree). Methods: A combined quantitative and qualitative questionnaire was used to evaluate individual and community responses to the Lived Lives project. Results: Participants (n = 83), with and without a mental health history and previous suicidal ideation, reported they believed Lived Lives could have potential to help suicide-bereaved families, people with mental illness and people with suicidal thinking. Qualitative results suggested its’ suitability for specific groups affected by suicide. Discussion: The evaluation of the Lived Lives project indicated that supervised, “safe-space” community intervention projects around suicide have inherent value with positive impacts for bereaved individuals and communities, including those who have experienced suicidal feelings. Future research should explore the transferability of these findings to other communities, and at-risk groups.
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Martinez-Vazquez, Pablo, e Erik Weber Jensen. "Different perspectives for monitoring nociception during general anesthesia". Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 75, n. 2 (1 aprile 2022): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kja.22002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Safe anesthesia is achieved using objective methods that estimate the patient’s state during different phases of surgery. A patient’s state under anesthesia is characterized by three major aspects, which are linked to the main effects produced by each of the families of anesthetic agents administered: hypnosis, analgesia, and muscular relaxation. While quantification techniques designed to assess muscular relaxation under neuromuscular blocking agents have a relatively long history with a high degree of standardization and understanding (e.g., the train-of-four), the knowledge and techniques used to the depth of hypnosis assessment suffer from a lesser degree in both standardization and interpretation due to brain complexity. The problem of standardization and interpretation in the analgesia and nociception assessment increases since it involves more systems, the central nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system.This helps to explain why there are multiple a priori valid approaches to develop nociception monitoring from different interpretations and physiological bases of noxious stimuli processing. Thus, in this review, the current monitoring technologies clinically available for estimating a patient’s nociception under general anesthesia are described.
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Glibbery, Meghan, Adam Fleming, Rahul Chanchlani, Olufemi Abiodun Ajani, Norma Marchetti, Alexa Marr e M. Constantine Samaan. "Myalgia and Hematuria in Association with Clonidine and Arginine Administration for Growth Hormone Stimulation Tests". Case Reports in Medicine 2020 (26 maggio 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4827072.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children has significant impacts on growth and metabolism. Two-agent GH stimulation tests are commonly used to diagnose GHD, and these tests are generally considered safe. We report the case of a 5-year 5-month-old boy with a history of anaplastic ependymoma who underwent GH stimulation testing for growth deceleration using clonidine and arginine. He developed bilateral calf myalgia and gross hematuria within 24 hours of the tests. Myalgia and hematuria resolved spontaneously. Importantly, the literature review and database searches for hematuria identified 6 cases with clonidine and 20 cases with arginine. This case highlights an unusual combination of adverse reactions to clonidine and arginine in children undergoing GH stimulation testing to assess for GHD. Pediatric endocrinologists need to be aware of the potential for these side effects to allow appropriate management, and further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms and frequency of these side effects. We recommend that patients and families need to be counselled about hematuria as an association of GH testing with these medications.
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Eleftheriou, Androulla, Dimitrios Farmakis, Panos Englezos, Shobha Tuli, Elena Mylona, George Constantinou, Riyad Elbard et al. "Juggling between the Cost and Value of New Therapies: Does Science Still Serve Patient Needs?" Thalassemia Reports 13, n. 1 (28 gennaio 2023): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/thalassrep13010004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thalassaemia International Federation (TIF), representing the united voice of people with thalassaemia and their families globally, has been striving for more than three decades to empower research, by academic communities and industry, to focus on developing a safe and effective curative approach for thalassaemia. Such a cure would lead to new lives with equal opportunities and challenges, as for every other person not suffering from a severe chronic disease. A gene therapy product was finally authorised in May 2019 by the European Medicinal Agency, thus marking a milestone in the history of the disease. However, after this conditional authorization, everyone focused on numbers and opted for cost of illness and cost-effectiveness studies, inadmissibly ignoring patients’ voices and needs. The product was finally withdrawn from Europe, despite the fact that all implicated stakeholders, including governments, academia and industry always knew that an innovative and complex therapy would be expensive but always supported and fought for its development. In this article, TIF expresses its view on this issue, including some thoughts on how to address the high cost of innovative therapies.
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Kasimov, Rustam Nurullovich. "FIGURES OF ORIGINAL CULTURE IN THE COATS OF ARMS OF MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS OF UDMURTIA AS THE POTENTIAL FOR ETHNOCULTURAL BRANDING OF A LOCUS". Historical and cultural heritage 14, n. 1 (2024): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.62669/30342139.2024.1.7.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Not only states, republics, districts and cities, but individuals and surnames (families) have the right to the coat of arms. At the same time, the territorial coats of arms reflect historical or cultural features, stereotypical ideas. The article examines the specifics of the figures on the coats of arms of Udmurtia’s municipal districts. It is safe to say that when developing regional heraldic symbols, creative groups selected figures and images based on the original history and culture or on the economic specifics inherent in this territory. The possible process of locus branding aimed at the formation of an ethnocultural image based on the study of the coats of arms of the Udmurt Republic’s specific districts is also touched upon. Images and descriptions of local symbols served as the material for the research. The figures on the coats of arms of the districts are aimed at creating an original ethno-cultural representation of a certain area in order to attract the attention of potential visitors and ensure tourist flow by giving the territory the status of a unique recognizable place.