Tesi sul tema "Fonctions de barrière de contrôle"
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Branka, Jean-Éric. "Contrôle des fonctions de la barrière intestinale humaine par le monoxyde d'azote (NO) : apport des cultures primaires pour la modélisation en pharmaco-toxicologie". Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT04VS.
Testo completoMahé, Maxime. "Les cellules gliales entériques : source de 15d-PGJ2 impliquée dans le contrôle des fonctions de la barrière épithéliale intestinale et dans la survie neuronale". Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=ba16b98a-ec98-410a-9bd2-c92c1942abca.
Testo completoIncreasing evidences suggest that enteric glial cells (EGC) are critical for intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) functions and enteric neurons survival. EGC effects are currently associated to the release of glial-derived factors. In this context, this work leads to the identification of 15-deoxy-delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), an !-6 fatty acid derivative, as a new mediator synthetized and secreted by EGC. Results show that both EGC and 15d-PGJ2 inhibit intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) proliferation and promote IEC differenciation through a PPARγ dependant pathway. In addition, our results show a neuroprotective effect of EGC and 15d-PGJ2 on enteric neurons, against an oxidative stress, with the activation of glutathione synthesis, associated to the Nrf2 pathway. Finally, in vivo murine colorectal carcinogenesis was associated with an alteration of glial markers and prostaglandin enzyme expression. An in situ analysis of enteric nervous system, using a method developed in this work, might complete these pathophysiological studies. The pleiotropic effects revealing of this new glial-derived lipidic mediator, the 15d- PGJ2, arise the crucial role of EGC in the neuro-glio-epithelial unit and in digestive function control
Ben, Gadri Rami. "Modélisation numérique du régime luminescent d'une décharge contrôlée par barrière diélectrique et établie à pression atmosphérique". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30057.
Testo completoCarli, Nicola de. "Active perception and localization for multi-robot systems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS013.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we tackle challenges in the localization of multi-robot systems, focusing on cooperative localization in non-infinitesimally rigid formations with sensing constraints. Our contributions introduce a framework in which the possibly conflicting goals of connectivity maintenance, task execution and the information acquisition are "mediated" using a quadratic program and the control barrier functions and control Lyapunov function formalism. Another contribution of this thesis addresses distributed active localization of multiple moving targets by a group of flying robots using camera-based measurements, while accommodating other tasks if system redundancy permits. Also in this case, the problem formulation utilizes a quadratic program and control barrier functions. Building on the control barrier function and quadratic program framework, we identify and address limitations in the existing state of the art, particularly in distributed control barrier functions. Our modifications result in a controller that converges to the centralized optimal solution. Lastly, we present an observer methodology as a novel contribution, allowing cooperative localization of a multi-robot system in a common frame using body-frame relative measurements
Barros, Viegas Pedro José. "Expression et fonctions cellulaires couplées à la protéine prion PrPc au niveau de la barrière hemato-encéphalique". Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077018.
Testo completoThe prion protein PrPC is a GPI-anchored sialoglycoprotein, its conformational shift into the pathological form PrPSc being responsible for the prion diseases, transmissible fatal neurodegenerative encephalopathies that affect man (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Fatal Familial Insomnia) and animals (scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy). A number of progresses have been made regarding the implication of PrPSc in transmission and development of prion diseases. Nonetheless, the normal function of PrPC is still ill-defïned. We decided to study the expression and functions of PrPC in brain endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a physiological barrier that protects the central nervous System and that constitutes a possible entry site for infectious prion. We have shown that PrPC is expressed at the intercellular junctions of brain endothelial cells of the BBB, at raft-like membrane microdomains. As for numerous adhesion molecules, its junctional localization is maintained by homophilic interactions between molecules in adjacent cells. We have also shown that PrPC, if not implicated in immune cell adhesion to the endothelium, is important for the transendothelial migration of monocytes. In addition, it should interact with the junctional proteins PECAM-1 through heparan sulfate proteoglycans. PrPC is also implicated in copper buffering at the cell membrane, and could completely abolish the copper- induced potentialization of cell death induced by homocystein. Taken together, these results show that PrPC is a junctional protein involved in transendotheliale migration and BBB integrity
El, Hajjaji Fatim-Zohra. "Contrôle thermométabolique des fonctions énergétiques : rôle du foie". Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIED014.
Testo completoThe maintenance of homeostasis, which is primordial for the homeotherms, implies various physiological and behavioural functions, such as feeding, sleep and thermoregulation. The concept of thermometabolic command of brown adipose tissue has been introduced by Himms-Hagen (1995). According to this model, the meal is initiated by a transient hypoglycemia (metabolic command) and is stopped when the core temperature reaches 39. 5°C (thermal command). Because the liver is the major site of the energetic metabolism of the nutriments, it may have a major role in the control of food intake. The aim of this thesis was to determine whether the liver is involved in the metabolic and thermal command upon the main functions controlling the energetic homeostasis (food intake, sleep and thermoregulation). In the first study, the hepatic metabolic status has been depressed by an inhibitor of carbohydrate metabolism, whereas, in the second study, the thermal status has been artificially activated by heating the liver with a thermistance. Results show that modifications of the energetic status of the liver induce impairments of food intake and/or vigilance. These effects occur at short- and long- term. These findings confirm the hypothesis that the liver is involved in the energetic homeostasis of the organism
Lagmich, Youssef. "Diagnostic et modélisation d'une décharge à barrière diélectrique pour le contrôle d'écoulement". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30285.
Testo completoSurface plasmas can modify the boundary layer of a flow along an airfoil. Several types of plasma actuators are being studied in different laboratories. In aerodynamic applications, these plasma actuators could be used to increase performance and reduce energy consumption, by controlling the transition between laminar and turbulent regimes, reducing drag, controlling lift and reducing noise. The advantages of plasma actuators are their simplicity and the possibility to electrically control the actuator, without moving mechanical pieces. In this work, we have focused on plasma actuators based on surface dielectric barrier discharge (DBDs). The goal was to develop self-consistent discharge models and simple experiments under controlled conditions to understand in detail the physics of the surface DBDs and of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) force generated in these discharges. We have shown that the EHD force in surface DBDs is of the same nature as the force associated with the "ion wind" in corona discharge. Results show that the EHD force is due to the development of ion clouds generated above the dielectric surface and drifting in the large electric field. The contribution of the current peaks associated with periodic breakdown above the surface to the EHD force is negligible. Both positive and negative ions contribute to the force: positive ions during the positive part of the cycle (when the electrode above the dielectric surface is the anode), negative ions during the negative part of the cycle (cathode above the dielectric surface). The average EHD force per unit length in a surface DBD is on the order of 50 mN/m, with an efficiency of about 0. 2 mN/W. Experiments developed in this work confirm the physical description of the surface DBD provided by the model. The trends predicted by the simulation results are in excellent agreement with available experimental results
Doyen, Luc. "Évolution, contrôle et optimisation de formes". Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090025.
Testo completoHavart, Reynald. "Fonctions électroniques non linéaires pour les applications spatiales au dessus de 100 GHz". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-97.pdf.
Testo completoPar ailleurs, à l'heure ou quelques multiplicateurs utilisent un composant varactor afin de générer de la puissance à des fréquences proches du Terahertz, nous avons montré à l'aide d'une méthode Monte-Carlo que dans ce cas, le phénomène de saturation en courant doit absolument être pris en compte. Toutefois pour de faibles excursions en tension, la diode SBV prépuits-postpuits peut s'affranchir de cette limitation. C'est sur cette base que nous avons étudié le second étage d'une chaîne de multiplication 83x3x3 GHz. Pour la fonction mélange, notre travail a porté sur l'étude des potentialités d'un mélangeur subharmonique à 560 GHz utilisant un montage antiparrallèle de diodes Schottky. Les premiers calculs ont montré la forte dépendance du gain de conversion en fonction de la résistance série. Ainsi ici encore, de gros efforts technologiques doivent être effectués pour diminuer la valeur de Rs
Urquiza, José Manuel. "Contrôle d'équations des ondes linéaires et quasilinéaires". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066544.
Testo completoCharron, Sylvain. "L'architecture fonctionnelle intégrant le contrôle cognitif et le contrôle motivationnel dans le cortex préfrontal humain". Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/65/10/87/PDF/these_sylvain_charron.pdf.
Testo completoThe prefrontal cortex subserves executive function, the high-level cognitive ability that allows humans to generate behavior which does not depend only on external stimuli but also on internal goals. In this thesis we investigate the interaction between cognitive and motivational processes involved in executive function. We propose that the key concept to understand the functional architecture of lateral and medial prefrontal cortices is time-scale of information integration, which drives the fractionation of control processes along a caudo-rostral axis. Accordingly, posterior prefrontal regions drive immediate behavior adaptation on the basis of information conveyed by a stimulus and its context. Middle prefrontal regions are involved in maintaining over a series of trials a set of behavioural rules and processing their associated values. During a cognitive branching, the left and right medial prefrontal cortices can separately encode the values associated with delayed and ongoing task. The frontopolar region integrates these values and controls dual-task performance. Thus the functional properties of frontopolar and medial prefrontal cortices, despite being limited to the processing of two concurrent tasks, may play a critical role in the ability to generate complex behavior by coordinating ongoing task and future goals
Larif, Oueslati Sihem. "Systèmes d'information intégrés et fonctions - supports : Cas du contrôle de gestion". Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090043.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of the implementation of integrated information system on tasks, jobs and on the power of the management control function, and to explain the origins of these changes. A review of the literature on integrated information systems and on the management control function is presented. The analysis of integration demonstrates that this concept is difficult to define. Hence, we had to develop a grid of the different types of integrated information systems based on the theory and on our discussions with consulting firms that specialize in information systems. Changes in the management control function are analyzed through three case studies and a questionnaire addressed to seventy two counterparties within thirty Tunisian companies. The implementation of integrated information systems seems to introduce changes that depend on the implemented system. The results demonstrate that integrated systems do not, on their own, determine the changes in the management control function. Other variables have to be taken into account
Charron, Sylvain. "L'architecture fonctionnelle intégrant le contrôle cognitif et le contrôle motivationnel dans le cortex préfrontal humain". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00651087.
Testo completoVan, Landeghem Laurianne. "Contrôle des fonctions des cellules épithéliales intestinales par les cellules gliales entériques". Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=53a1af3d-58a4-4865-a8ce-0d006a67df4c.
Testo completoEnteric glial cells (EGC) represent a major cellular component of the enteric nervous system and are part of the cellular microenvironment of the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB). The IEB is composed of a monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) under constant renewal. The role of EGC in the maintenance and repair of IEB remains currently largely unknown. Thus, this study combining transcriptomic and functional in vivo and in vitro studies aimed at identifying major IEB functions regulated by EGC. Using microarrays, we have first demonstrated that EGC modulated IEC functions involved in cell motility, morphology, adhesion and proliferation. We have then shown that EGC inhibited IEC proliferation via the release of TGF-β1 (Transforming Growth Factor). We next demonstrated using an in vitro model of IEB wound repair that EGC induced an increase in epithelial restitution in part by increasing IEC spreading via the release by EGC of proEGF (Epidermal Growth Factor). The effects of EGC upon IEB restitution were mediated by an increase in both activity and expression of FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) in IEC and via an EGFR-dependent pathway. Finally, this study also described glial network alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC). In conclusion, our data indicate that EGC are major regulators of IEC functions and suggest that putative defects in glial functions may contribute towards intestinal pathologies with altered repair processes such as CRC or inflammatory bowel disease
Kaslik, Eva. "Domaines d'attraction et applications dans la théorie du contrôle". Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132007.
Testo completoForte, Maxime. "Contrôle d'écoulement par actionneur plasma de type décharge à barrière diélectrique : application à l'amélioration de la pulvérisation dans les injecteurs de turboréacteurs". Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2339.
Testo completoRecently, jet engine manufacturers have pointed out some difficulties in spraying fuel correctly inside combustion chambers for some critical regimes (such as starting or refiring). The principles used in current air-assisted injectors are no longer efficient when airflow velocities are low (<30 m/s). Plasma actuators have been thought to modify the airflow around the injectors in order to improve spraying as they can induce an airflow called “ionic wind” inside the boundary layer. The first part of this study was about the observation and the optimization of the DBD plasma actuator. A parametric study was performed in order to increase the velocity of the airflow induced by such actuators. The results from the velocity measurements (Pitot probe, LDV) show that an optimization of geometrical and electrical parameters enables the generation of ionic wind up to 8 m/s at 0. 5 mm from the wall. The second part of the study was more applicable to industrial usage. An injector model has been built and fitted with an optimized DBD actuator. PIV and LDV velocity measurements were performed to show the effect of the actuation on the airflow around the injector for upstream velocities in the range of 5 to 30 m/s. Additional spectral analyses performed with recent slotting technique have shown that the actuator is able to generate coherent structures in the wake of the injector, with an adjustable frequency
Regnaux, Jean Philippe. "Automaticité de la locomotion chez l'homme : analyse par un paradigme de double tâche". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112030.
Testo completoIn a stable environment, the control of human locomotion is often regarded as very automated, with little or no involvement of cognitive function. Attention is associated with the activation of certain cerebral structures. The involvement of attentional resources in the control of motor performance can be evaluated by a dual -task paradigm, through use of a reaction time (RT) task. The aim of our research is to determine and evaluate the contribution of attentional resources required for gait control on a treadmill at a steady state in young healthy adults or after a central system nervous lesion. Our results show that walking at a confortable speed under very automated conditions, as on a treadmill, is not a purely automatic activity. The requirement of attentional resources during treadmill walking shows the participation of cerebral structures in the maintenance and control of the performance of the locomotor task. In the motor control of locomotion, these structures appear particularly involved during the double limb support phase. Compared to healthy young adults, the greater amount of resources consumed by patients after a cerebral or spinal injury while performing the walking task seems to be related to the importance of the locomotor impairment. An outcome measure using RTs during treadmill walking could be an easy and inexpensive tool for the evaluation of treatment effectiveness or patient progress in walking performance
Berland, Nicolas. "L'histoire du contrôle budgétaire en France : les fonctions du contrôle budgétaire, influences de l'idéologie, de l'environnement et du management stratégique". Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090018.
Testo completoParriaux, Jérémy. "Contrôle, synchronisation et chiffrement". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0129/document.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the synchronization of dynamical systems. The synchronization considered is called master-slave, that is, the dynamical systems are connected in a unidirectional way. This configuration is of interest because it corresponds to an architecture encountered in secured communications of type one-to-one or one-to-many. A special attention is paid to self-synchronization. A behaviour that characterizes synchronization achieved with a simple master-slave coupling and so, without any external control. It is a central feature of self-synchronizing stream ciphers. The study of self-synchronization in the cryptographic context relies on control theory. An original connection between self-synchronization and encryption/decryption is provided. It is based on the flatness property of dynamical systems, a property borrowed from automatic control. It is shown that flat dynamical systems completly define the set of all self-synchronizing systems and thus, enlarge the existing structures of self-synchronizing stream ciphers. Flatness is first of all studied for the case of two nonlinear systems: switched linear systems and linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. Flatness caracterization is based on the concept of nilpotent semigroups and an efficient algorithm is provided. A constructive approach for self-synchronizing master-slave structures is proposed. It relies on the construction of flat systems as well as on left and right invertibility also borrowed from control theory. Then, self-synchronization is studied in the Boolean context which is preferred in cryptography. Self-synchronization is caracterized through the notion of influence. Several matrix representations of Boolean functions are proposed. These representations are especially interesting for security analysis. A connection between self-synchronization and the eigenstructures of these matrices is established. Then, a graph oriented approach is provided. New self-synchronizing constructions are deduced and security elements are discussed. Eventually, the description of a realized FPGA based test plateform is provided
Diez, Medina Rafael. "Alimentation de puissance d'une lampe exciplexe à décharge à barrière diélectrique, en vue du contrôle du rayonnement". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555079.
Testo completoSeghir, Driss. "Calcul des variations et contrôle optimal dans des espaces de fonctions à variation bornée". Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30102.
Testo completoTirmarche, Samantha. "Fonctions des thiorédoxines sexuelles et contrôle de l’état rédox des protamines chez la drosophile". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1079/document.
Testo completoIn animal sexual reproduction, spermatozoon is a very specialized cell. Its very peculiar chromatin is remodeled both during spermiogenesis and fertilization. During mammalian and drosophilian spermiogenesis, histones involved in DNA condensation are replaced with sperm specific small nuclear basic proteins : the protamines. This sperm specific architecture is stabilized by disulfide bonds. At fertilization,protamines are removed from the male nucleus and maternally-provided histones are incorporated to form a functional paternal chromatin. However, the mecanisms involved in the incorporation and the removal of protamines of their disulfide bonds are unknown in Drosophila.During my PhD, I demonstrated that two sexual thioredoxins are important for spermiogenesis and fertilization in D. melanogaster. In one hand, I showed that DHD, a female specific thioredoxin, is essential for protamine eviction at fertilization. Without this major protein, male nucleus does not decondense, protamines are not removed from sperm chromatin and zygotic development does not occur. Besides, I demonstrated that DHD is directly responsible for the reduction of the disufide bonds which stabilize sperm chromatin.On the other hand, I showed that TrxT, a testis-specific thioredoxin, is needed for spermiogenesis. Without this protein, DNA damages appear on spermatid nuclei, and those spermatozoon are then eliminated during spermatogenesis.This work highlights that drosophilian sex-specific thioredoxins are essential for sexual reproduction success
Sedrakyan, Hayk. "Comportement limite des systèmes singuliers et les limites de fonctions valeur en contrôle optimal". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066681/document.
Testo completoThis thesis consists of two main parts. In the first part, Chapter 3 is devoted to the investigation of the limit behavior of a singularly perturbed control system with two state variables which are weakly coupled. In order to prove our approximation result we use the so called averaging method and a recent result on nonexpansive control. The main novelty of our averaging approach lies in the fact that the limit dynamic may depend on the initial condition of the fast system. In the literature, the investigation of the limit behavior of such systems has been usually addressed under conditions that ensure that the limit dynamic is independent from the initial condition of the fast system. In Chapter 4, we generalise the results of Chapter 3 by considering a more general nonexpansivity condition. Moreover, we consider an example where the new nonexpansity condition is satisfied but the nonexpansivity condition of Chapter 3 does not hold true. The second part deals with Hamilton-Jacobi equations under state constraints. Chapter 5 focuses on the stable representation of convex Hamiltonians by functions describing a Bolza optimal control problem. In Chapter 6 we investigate stability of solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations under state constraints by studying stability of value functions of a suitable family of Bolza optimal control problems under state constraints. We show that under suitable assumptions, the value function is a unique viscosity solution to Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation and that solutions are stable with respect to Hamiltonians and state constraints
Jolibois, Jérôme. "Etude et développement d'un actionneur plasma à décharge à barrière diélectrique : application au contrôle d'écoulement sur profil d'aile". Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Jolibois-Jerome/2008-Jolibois-Jerome-These.pdf.
Testo completoThe Dilectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) employed here consists of a surface electrical discharge established in air at atmospheric pressure on a dielectric wall. This discharge ionizes the ambient air and the produced species charged submitted to Coulomb forces induce by a momentum transfer a flow called electric wind. Recently, the ability of this device to control subsonic airflow around of aerodynamic profils has been demonstrated. The DBD used here is called plasma actuator. These actuators are able to modify the boundary layer close to the wall by the electric wind. The goal of this thesis is to improve the aerodynamic performances of an airfoil, either by increasing its lift or by reducing its drag, either by delaying the stall of the profile. The present work divides in two parts. The first part has consisted in developping and optimizing a dielectric barrier discharge in order to understand its operating. For that, a parametric study has been conducted by varying the electrical, physical and geometrical parameters. Electrical and mechanical measurements have been realised. Then the electromechanical parameters such as efficiency have been determined and compared. These different studies allowed to define a system of parameters allowing to obtain an optimum DBD in terms of electric wind generation and fiability. The second part has consisted in integrating the optimised plasma actuator on a NACA 0015 profile and in testing its effectiveness to control an airflow up to 40 m/s. For that, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements and force balance measurements have been realized without, and then with control. The influence of different parameters (frequency and intensity of excitation, operation mode) has been investigated. It was highlighted an airflow modification under the effects of control which favors the reattachemnt or the detachment. The effectiveness of the steady and unsteady actuations of the actuator has been compared. Modulated by a dimensionless frequency F+, the unsteady mode presents equivalent results and even greater than the steady actuation while reducing the consumption of the DBD
Drolet, Marie Hélène Lucie Renée. "Les fonctions exécutives chez les enfants : réévaluer "l'avantage du bilingue" à l'aide d'une nouvelle tâche développementale". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41596.
Testo completoSlachevsky-Chonchol, Andrea. "Cortex préfrontal et contrôle de l'action : approche clinique et expérimentale". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066309.
Testo completoBostaille, Naguissa. "Fonctions et mécanismes de signalisation du Gpr124, un régulateur clé de la physiologie neurovasculaire". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/262041.
Testo completoDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Chauchat, Mathias. "Le contrôle politique du parlement européen sur les exécutifs communautaires". Tours, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOUR1001.
Testo completoThe european parliament, in a few years, has been able to approach the three powers usually acknowledged to a parliament in western democracies: -to vote the law -to allow taxes -to supervize the policy of the executive the european treaties draw their inspiration from parliamentary logic; the parliament discusses, in public session, the general report which is proposed by the commission and the treaties foresee the possible sanction: the motion of censure of the integrated executive, which involves it's collective resignation. If the parliamentary logic exists, it still remains uncompleted on the european scale and lies in the only control of the commission, neglecting the real deciding institution, that is the council. So, the political control power does'nt correspond with the reality of the institutions. The whole procedure of the parliament, from a democratic point of view, consists on the "reconstruction" of it's ability. If it has been able to give itself the largest means for questionning the two executives, the sanction, limited to the only commission, still shows a democratical deficiency
Ezzedine, Nour. "Exploration de la relation entre le contrôle cognitif et le contrôle des langues dans l'aphasie bilingue". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU20113.
Testo completoIn bilingual oral production different control mechanisms are involved in managing interference caused by the coexistence of two linguistic systems (Green, 1986). It is assumed that these control mechanisms are disrupted in bilingual aphasia (Green, 1986; Pitres, 1895). This has been established through observation of the clinical manifestation of bilingual aphasia revealing the presence of non-parallel recovery patterns or involuntary and pathological code-switching (Paradis, 1977). The objective of our study is to explore the relationship between cognitive control and language control observed in bilingual aphasia, as well as to determine its nature. Nineteen subjects participated in our study: 10 bilingual aphasic patients and 9 control participants matched on age, level of education and bilingualism. All participants were bilingual L2 French speakers with different L1s. As for the material, a questionnaire was used to assess bilingualism (dominance, proficiency and code-switching habits before the brain lesion), while the three components of the executive functions were assessed through verbal and non-verbal tasks. Moreover, language control was evaluated through speech, verbal fluency and cross-language skills. Group analyses revealed a difference between the two participant groups in tasks assessing verbal cognitive control and in tasks assessing language control (verbal fluency and cross-language skills). These results suggest a dissociation between the two domains of control in bilingual aphasic patients. However, the analysis of individual patient profiles underlines the importance of qualifying these results and taking into account the patients’ recovery patters, the severity of the aphasia as well as the code-switching habits prior to lesion. The present thesis allows us to formulate perspectives for clinical research improving the study of language control in acutely brain-injured patients and to develop interventions based on empirical evidence and adapted to the patient’s profile
Abou, Leyla Najib. "Contrôle santé intégré passif par corrélation de champ acoustique ambiant : Application aux structures aéronautiques". Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/fa3a198c-8d6b-49e7-96ef-883d2c5a09e1.
Testo completoStructural Health Monitoring (SHM) is an autonomous and permanent technique for checking the integrity of a mechanical structure. The interest of is to inspect the integrity of the structure in near real time, which increases reliability, and avoiding immobilization of the aircraft during the inspection phase, and thus reduce maintenance cost. The work presented here is devoted to the study of a passive SHM in aeronautics using an ambient noise cross correlation. Indeed, recent studies have shown a relationship between the correlation function of a diffuse field between two points, and the Green’s function between them. The aim is to exploit the mechanical vibrations in an aircraft during the flight. In a first step, the potential of this method is verified experimentally, and the problems and difficulties due to some imperfections of application are outlined. In a second step, a simulation tool is developed to better understand certain acoustic phenomena, and a solution to solve the problem caused by the imperfections of the application (non-diffuse field) is proposed and validated experimentally. Finally, an optimization of this solution is made with a quantification of the influence of certain parameters. For this purpose a statistical theoretical approach is made and compared with experimental results
Espinoza, Armijo Guillermo Octavio. "Étude, modélisation et développement de méthodes de contrôle des systèmes de régulations biologiques intracellulaires". Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4107.
Testo completoLessard, Andrée. "Implication de l'innervation opioidergique du noyau paraventriculaire de l'hypothalamus dans le contrôle des fonctions cardiovasculaires". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25652.pdf.
Testo completoMoulay, Emmanuel. "Une étude des systèmes non linéaires en théorie du contrôle par les fonctions de Lyapunov". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Poitiers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974513.
Testo completoBègue, Jean-Michel. "Modélisation de fonctions d'aide à la décision pour le contrôle et l'évolution des systèmes d'information". Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4069.
Testo completoBatonnet-Pichon, Sabrina. "Régulation et contrôle des fonctions du facteur de transcription musculaire myod par ubiquitylation et phosphorylations". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05S013.
Testo completoRegulation of the MyoD expression level, a skeletal muscle specific transcription factor, is dispensable to cell cycle arrest and activation of muscle gene expression required for myogenic differentiation program. In normal myoblasts, MyoD is expressed in G1 phase and end-G2 phase, where its transcriptional activity and its expression level are regulated by post-traductional modifications. In first part of our project, we have shown the major mechanism leading to the nuclear degradation of MyoD. So, we have demonstrated that the ubiquitylation of MyoD is majoritarly realized on its Lysine 133, and seems to be also implicated in its myogenic activity. The second part of our study deals with MyoD regulation during G2/M transition. Thus, we have shown that MyoD is partially degraded in the end of the G2 phase independently of its D-box motif and of the ubiquitin ligase APCcdc20/cdh1. This degradation is only dependent of Serine 200 phosphorylation. Finally, we have also demonstrated that the double-phosphorylation of MyoD plays a major role in its transcriptional inhibition through a decreased ADN affinity leading to its chromatin exclusion in mitosis. Thus, MyoD appears to be tightly regulated during cell cycle by two highly specific mechanisms during G1/S and G2/M transitions. Therefore, our study participates to the understanding of MyoD regulation during the proliferation of Myoblasts, required for identifying in the future several pathological mechanisms involved in muscular diseases
Quénard, Christelle. "Les fonctions cognitives de contrôle chez les personnes civiles traumatisées de la guerre du Congo". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30025/document.
Testo completoThe traumatized civil persons (PTSD) of the Congo War bring back numerous interventions of thoughts by images and scenes of the lived events. These interventions bring an important clinical suffering. They make relive the trauma permanently without any cognitive control is apparently possible. In our work of thesis we support the idea that these interventions are the consequences of a deep modification of the processes cognitive of control at the civil persons traumatized by the Congo War. More particularly, we suppose that the process susceptible to be involved (to be in question) in the absence of control over the images and the thoughts would be a deficit of the mechanism of cognitive inhibition. To put our hypothesis in the test we built various tasks consisted for each of a material with "neutral" valency and a material with "traumatic, negative" valency. These tasks are recognized to measure the capacities of cognitive control. It is about the task of Stroop (Stroop, 1935), of the task of directed Forgetting (Bjork, Bjork, & Anderson, 1996), of a material stemming of paradigm DRM (Deese, 1959; Roediger, & McDermott, 1995) and R/K (Tulving, 1985) and finally a memory–slip test (Jacoby, 1991; Hay, & Jacoby, 1996, 1999; Guerdoux, 2009). These tasks were administered to a first population of civil persons traumatized by the Congo War in comparison to a population of persons of the Burkina Faso not traumatized. Our results invalidated our hypotheses as for the existence of a deficit of inhibition in particular in the presence of an emotional verbal material in connection with the lived traumatic events. The results of our studies militate for a hypercontrol and a hyperinhibition of any material in connection with the trauma. That is why we try to explain this hypercontrol as the sign of an emotional expulsion such as defined by Freud (1926) or the sign of a psychic dissociation defined by Janet (1986, 1987)
Audier, Pierre. "Etude d'une décharge à barrière diélectrique surfacique. Application au contrôle d'écoulement autour d'un profil d'aile de type NACA 0012". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843633.
Testo completoBajolet-Laudinat, Odile. "Lectines de "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" : rôles dans les fonctions de barrière et de transport des cellules épithéliales respiratoires et dans l'adhérence bactérienne". Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA114841.
Testo completoMondou, Paul. "Contrôle intelligent de la cavitation des microbulles à travers le crâne pour l'optimisation des thérapies ultrasonores". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST188.
Testo completoThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the primary interface for exchanges between blood and brain tissue. It remains a major obstacle in the therapeutic management of neurological or cancerous pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS), as over 95% of drugs struggle to reach targeted brain tissues due to the BBB. Approaches optimizing the cerebral delivery of active compounds are crucial to enrich the therapeutic arsenal against CNS pathologies. Since 2001, the use of ultrasound, combined with microbubble injection, has provided a non-invasive method for transient, local, and repeated opening of the BBB without tissue damage. This technique requires rigorous control of in-situ ultrasonic dosimetry: microbubbles need sufficient intensity for effective action (stable cavitation) without oscillating too strongly (inertial cavitation) to avoid the risk of implosion and local adverse effects. Dosimetry is challenging due to the presence of the cranial bone, which is highly heterogeneous and varies among individuals. It has been demonstrated that measuring the oscillation state of microbubbles (cavitation) is possible with the ultrasonic signals backscattered by them. Thus, stable microbubbles reflect only harmonics of the emission frequency, while imploding microbubbles reflect a broaddeband signal characterized by emission at all frequencies. Algorithms have been developed to adjust the ultrasound emission pressure in real-time based on the signals backscattered by microbubbles. This thesis focuses on cavitation control through algorithms using different indices calculated from cavitation signal spectra. The work benefited from ultra-fast electronics, Field Programmable Gate Array, (FPGA) that drastically accelerated the implemented control. An experimental setup was initially constructed to place a stream of microbubbles at the focus of a therapeutic ultrasound transducer. This in vitro device recorded ultrasonic signals backscattered by oscillating microbubbles under various acoustic pressures. The measurements optimized the calculation of indices characterizing different cavitation states. Following these tank measurements, cavitation measurements were conducted during BBB permeabilization experiments in vivo. These results were compared to in vitro results to correlate different cavitation states with biological observations: presence or absence of BBB permeabilization or vascular damage. Based on these results, a cavitation regulation algorithm exploiting the speed provided by the FPGA was constructed. It operates by progressively increasing the acoustic pressure during each ultrasound pulse while maintaining the pressure just below the inertial cavitation threshold. This algorithm was tested in vitro and in vivo. Finally, in a translational approach towards clinical application, cavitation measurements were performed ex vivo using a human half-skull. These measurements demonstrate our ability to capture the necessary indices for the proper functioning of cavitation control algorithms in humans under conditions where the signal is degraded by the substantial thickness of bone to penetrate
Charzat, Jean-Michel. "Les fonctions de la cour de discipline budgétaire et financière". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010275.
Testo completoBonnin, Xavier. "Alimentation électrique des dispositifs de décharge à barrière diélectrique". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13645/1/bonnin.pdf.
Testo completoPratta-David, Queyroux Christel. "La séparation des fonctions de décision et de contrôle dans les organisations financières publiques et privées". Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33020.
Testo completoZhang, Bei-Li. "Monoxyde d'azote et prostanoïdes dans le contrôle des fonctions du rein isolé et perfusé de rat". Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T113.
Testo completoBriot, Anaïs. "Rôle de LEKTI dans le contrôle de l'inflammation allergique du syndrome de Netherton". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1114/.
Testo completoNetherton syndrome (NS, OMIM 256500) is a rare and severe autosomal recessive genodermatosis caused by mutations in SPINK5 gene encoding the protease inhibitor LEKTI. LEKTI play a key role in skin barrier function through the regulation of epidermal proteases, kallikreins (KLK) 5 and 7. In the absence of LEKTI, hyperactive KLK5 and 7 degrade intercorneocyte adhesion molecules leading to abnormal stratum corneum detachment and severe barrier function impairment. Analysis of mouse models and primary keratinocytes from NS, allowed us to demonstrate that LEKTI-deficient epidermis has also the intrinsic capacity to overexpress Th2 polarizing cytokines, such as TSLP, secondary to PAR2 activation by KLK5. Using double knockout mice deficient for Spink5 and Par2, we confirmed the major role of the KLK5-PAR2 pathway in the induction of early pro-inflammatory signaling independently of environmental stimuli and adaptive immune system. However inactivation of this pathway did not improve the skin barrier function and partially reversed cutaneous inflammation in adult skin. These results together with constant atopic manifestations in NS patients suggest that immune response could be biased in favour of a Th2 differentiation. Thus we studied the polarization of peripheral T cells isolated from NS patients. All together, our data emphasize the importance in controlling both sides of the disease: the skin barrier defect and the pro-allergic signals intrinsic of the epidermis. Moreover, we identified new potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this orphan disease
Collins, Anne. "Apprentissage et contrôle cognitif : une théorie computationnelle de la fonction exécutive préfontale humaine". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814840.
Testo completoDelage, Florian. "Théorèmes du type Ingham et fonctions orthogonales positives". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD031/document.
Testo completoThe existence or non-existence of positive orthogonal functions for subspaces of almost periodical function has important applications in studying the oscillatory behavior of vibrations. Cazenave, Haraux and Komornik have obtained many theorems of this type. The purpose of this work is to answer an open question formulated in the 1980’s, and to completely clarify the situation for subspaces defined by three periods. We also give some results for subspaces defined by more periods than three periods. We also prove some vectorial result for Ingham type theorems
Boucinha, Vincent. "Etude de l'écoulement induit par une décharge à barrière diélectrique surfacique : contribution au contrôle des écoulements subsoniques par actionneurs plasmas". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00501829.
Testo completoParriaux, Jeremy. "Contrôle, synchronisation et chiffrement". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749151.
Testo completoLan, Sun Luk Jean-Daniel. "Contrôle de la polarisation dans les antennes imprimées à large bande". Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4223.
Testo completoParriaux, Jérémy. "Contrôle, synchronisation et chiffrement". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0129.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the synchronization of dynamical systems. The synchronization considered is called master-slave, that is, the dynamical systems are connected in a unidirectional way. This configuration is of interest because it corresponds to an architecture encountered in secured communications of type one-to-one or one-to-many. A special attention is paid to self-synchronization. A behaviour that characterizes synchronization achieved with a simple master-slave coupling and so, without any external control. It is a central feature of self-synchronizing stream ciphers. The study of self-synchronization in the cryptographic context relies on control theory. An original connection between self-synchronization and encryption/decryption is provided. It is based on the flatness property of dynamical systems, a property borrowed from automatic control. It is shown that flat dynamical systems completly define the set of all self-synchronizing systems and thus, enlarge the existing structures of self-synchronizing stream ciphers. Flatness is first of all studied for the case of two nonlinear systems: switched linear systems and linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. Flatness caracterization is based on the concept of nilpotent semigroups and an efficient algorithm is provided. A constructive approach for self-synchronizing master-slave structures is proposed. It relies on the construction of flat systems as well as on left and right invertibility also borrowed from control theory. Then, self-synchronization is studied in the Boolean context which is preferred in cryptography. Self-synchronization is caracterized through the notion of influence. Several matrix representations of Boolean functions are proposed. These representations are especially interesting for security analysis. A connection between self-synchronization and the eigenstructures of these matrices is established. Then, a graph oriented approach is provided. New self-synchronizing constructions are deduced and security elements are discussed. Eventually, the description of a realized FPGA based test plateform is provided