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Gia, Nguyen Thanh, Jian Pu e Toru Watanabe. "Flood events change the occurrence and burden of diarrhea among people in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam in 2016". Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng 32, n. 9 (10 marzo 2023): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51403/0868-2836/2022/923.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
People in flooded areas are exposed to the risk of infectious diseases like gastroenteritis via contact with contaminated floodwater. The burden of such diseases has often been estimated using DALYs based on the severity and duration of the disease symptoms but not for psychology. We hypothesized that people in developing countries hit by floods frequently have higher stress related to flood-related diseases than others. This study aimed to describe the psychological impact of floods into the health burden of diarrhea in flood-prone areas in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam in 2016. A cross sectional study was conducted from August to September 2016 in Thua Thien Hue province to ask about their feeling about flood-caused diarrhea compared with common diseases which are leading causes of morbidity in the region. The results showed that the participants felt that some diseases such as diarrhea happened more frequently during and after floods. People in non-flooded areas felt that diarrhea and cough that happened more frequently during and after floods were significantly higher than in other areas. The severity/uncomfortableness of diarrhea that participants reported compared with each common disease was significantly different between people in flooded and non-flooded areas. No significant difference between the newly modified disability weight of diseases that participants in flooded and non-flooded areas, felt happened more frequently related to floods. The feeling to diarrhea disease was not affected by floods. A new method to incorporate the psychological impacts of floods into the burden of normal diarrhea was also proposed. Our findings suggest that floods changed the feelings of people in flooded areas about diarrhea by accepting this disease.
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Moy de Vitry, Matthew, Simon Dicht e João P. Leitão. "floodX: urban flash flood experiments monitored with conventional and alternative sensors". Earth System Science Data 9, n. 2 (4 settembre 2017): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-657-2017.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The data sets described in this paper provide a basis for developing and testing new methods for monitoring and modelling urban pluvial flash floods. Pluvial flash floods are a growing hazard to property and inhabitants' well-being in urban areas. However, the lack of appropriate data collection methods is often cited as an impediment for reliable flood modelling, thereby hindering the improvement of flood risk mapping and early warning systems. The potential of surveillance infrastructure and social media is starting to draw attention for this purpose. In the floodX project, 22 controlled urban flash floods were generated in a flood response training facility and monitored with state-of-the-art sensors as well as standard surveillance cameras. With these data, it is possible to explore the use of video data and computer vision for urban flood monitoring and modelling. The floodX project stands out as the largest documented flood experiment of its kind, providing both conventional measurements and video data in parallel and at high temporal resolution. The data set used in this paper is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.830513.
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Priambodo, Imam, Mangapul P. Tambunan e Eko Kusratmoko. "Spatial and statistical analysis on the cause of flooding in Northwest Jakarta floodplain (Kapuk and Penjaringan Districts)". MATEC Web of Conferences 229 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822904008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Jakarta, as the capital city of Indonesia, is one of the most flooded areas in Indonesia. The floods occurred annually and heavy floods usually occurred once in a few years. This paper address the geographic distribution of floods and statistical analysis of the floods causes by using rain intensity, tidal height, elevation, and floods occurrence as the parameters. This research was conducted in Angke (Kapuk) and Penjaringan Districts, located in Northern Jakarta where the floods usually occur. The result shows that rainfall intensity, remaining water inundation from the previous flood, and land runoff coefficient as the key factors of flooding in these areas.
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Lahsaini, Meriam, e Hassan Tabyaoui. "Modelisation Hydraulique Mono Dimensionnel Par HEC RAS, Application Sur L’oued Aggay (Ville De Sefrou)". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, n. 18 (30 giugno 2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n18p110.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The city of Sefrou, because of its geographical position, its cultural heritage and urban planning, than economically, is classified as one of the sites with a vulnerability particular to floods. Oued Aggay, the subject of this study, constitutes a danger potential because of the violence of its floods. In this perspective that comes this study that part of the creation and management of a spatial database on flood risk in the Sebou basin. It aims to spatialize the extent of the floods of Oued Aggay and propose solutions to protection the city of Sefrou against floods. The chosen approach goes through a hydrological study, the choice of profiles and the construction of onedimensional model from HEC RAS hydrology software. This study allowed us to simulate floods by statistical methods, identify flood zones and determine the different water levels in the flooded area for the Oued Aggay watershed.
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Huang, Zhijun, Huan Wu, Robert F. Adler, Guy Schumann, Jonathan J. Gourley, Albert Kettner e Nergui Nanding. "Multisourced Flood Inventories over the Contiguous United States for Actual and Natural Conditions". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 102, n. 6 (giugno 2021): E1133—E1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0001.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractA reliable flood event inventory that reflects the occurrence and evolution of past floods is important for studies of flood hazards and risks, hydroclimatic extremes, and future flood projections. However, currently available flood inventories are based on single-sourced data and often neglect underreported or less impactful flood events. Furthermore, traditional archives store flood events only at sparse geographic points, which significantly limits their further applicability. Also, few publicly available archives contain all-inclusive records of potential natural flooded area over time. To tackle these challenges, we construct two types of multisourced flood event inventories (MFI) for all river basins across the contiguous United States covering the period 1998–2013 on daily and subcatchment scales, which is publicly available at http://flood.umd.edu/download/CONUS/. These archives integrate flood information from in situ observations, remote sensing observations, hydrological model simulations, and five high-quality precipitation products. The first inventory (MFI-Actual) includes all actual floods that occurred in the presence of flood protection infrastructures, while the second, “natural (undefended)” inventory (MFI-Natural) reconstructs the possible “historical” floods without flood protection, which could be more directly influenced by climate variation. In the proposed two inventories, 2,755 and 4,661 flood events were estimated, respectively. MFI-Natural reconstructed 1,597 floods in ungauged basins, and recovered 608 extreme streamflow events in gauged subcatchments where floods would have happened if there were no flood protection. There is an average of four upstream dams located in these flood-recovered subcatchments, which indicates that modern flood defenses efficiently prevent significant flooding from extreme precipitation in many catchments over the country.
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Coles, Ashley R., e Katherine K. Hirschboeck. "Driving into Danger: Perception and Communication of Flash-Flood Risk". Weather, Climate, and Society 12, n. 3 (1 luglio 2020): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-19-0082.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractFloods, particularly urban flash floods, frequently disrupt traffic, constraining mobility and exposing motorists to danger. Flood risk managers educate the public on the dangers of driving through flooded roadways, yet losses to life and property continue to occur. This study integrates cultural psychology and risk perception theory to explore how cultural and situational factors influence motorists’ behavior during flash floods. Flood risk managers in Tucson, Arizona, collaborated in the development of a questionnaire mailed to local residents in 2007. Self-reported levels of trust, self-efficacy, social incorporation, and situational factors were analyzed with respect to whether respondents stated that they have or have not driven through a flooded roadway. Respondents demonstrate complex reasoning when confronted with flooded roadways, rather than simple or consistent risk-taking or risk-avoidance behaviors. Participants indicate high levels of trust in official warning messages and share information about floods within their social networks, highlighting the success of education campaigns. However, flood conditions are not always clear, so motorists seek additional sources of information and weigh the dangers against other situational factors on a case-by-case basis. Factors that influence respondents’ decisions include the prior successful crossing of other vehicles, presence of signs and barricades, presence of passengers, risk of personal injury or damage to the vehicle, and the availability of flood-related information. The results also show that individuals who know how to avoid floods, including by asking others for advice, are less likely to enter flooded roadways, and thus communicating further instructions will empower more motorists to avoid danger.
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Botelho, Michelle R., e Justine E. Vanden Heuvel. "Preliminary Assessment of the Impact of Current Flooding Practices on Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations of Cranberry". HortTechnology 16, n. 2 (gennaio 2006): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.2.0277.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) production sites are often flooded for pest control and crop harvest. However, little is known about how this practice affects vines. A survey was conducted in Massachusetts over a 3-year period to determine the effect of spring, fall, and winter floods on total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration (TNSC) of cranberry uprights of four cultivars. With a few exceptions, TNSC generally was unaffected or increased during the course of the 1-month “late water” flood held from mid-April to mid-May. The 48-hour “flash” flood, held in mid- to late May, generally had little effect on vine TNSC. Fall “harvest” floods, which ranged in duration from 3 to 27 days, often resulted in a decrease in TNSC, with greater decreases in TNSC occurring in early fall floods compared to late fall floods. Decreases in TNSC during the harvest flood were as great as 42%. “Winter” floods had little effect on TNSC. Path coefficient analysis indicated that flood duration, date of application, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration all impacted vine TNSC during the flood, while floodwater depth had little effect. Water clarity (i.e., light penetration to the vines during the flood) also appeared to have little impact. Due to the frequent observation of TNSC decline during fall flooding, it is possible that yield potential of cranberry vines is reduced by current flooding practices.
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Kumar, K., H. Ledoux e J. Stoter. "DYNAMIC 3D VISUALIZATION OF FLOODS: CASE OF THE NETHERLANDS". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W10 (12 settembre 2018): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w10-83-2018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this paper, we review state of the art 3D visualization technologies for floods and we focus on the Netherlands since it has a long history of dealing with floods and developing information technology solutions to prevent and predict them. We discuss the most recent advances in using 3D city models for modelling floods and discuss future directions. We argue that 3D city models provide a more realistic interpretation and assessment of floods e.g. information about the height of the water level and the number of floors that will be flooded. We present our framework to dynamically visualize floods in 3D using the Cesium 3D webglobe. An open platform using 3D city models for interactive visualization of different flood simulations can serve as a hub to involve all relevant parties such as water experts, policy developers, decision makers, and general public. We created a 3D terrain model with buildings of a study area in the Netherlands in CityJSON format. We implemented a software prototypes for converting 3D city models from CityJSON to Cesium specific glTF format for rendering over Cesium. We propose using CZML (Cesium Language) to represent time dynamic properties, water levels in our case. The developed framework which uses only open data and open-source software can be supportive in real applications such as planning for a city or municipal corporation, or for decision making.</p>
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Lemenkova, Polina. "Deep Learning Methods of Satellite Image Processing for Monitoring of Flood Dynamics in the Ganges Delta, Bangladesh". Water 16, n. 8 (17 aprile 2024): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16081141.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Mapping spatial data is essential for the monitoring of flooded areas, prognosis of hazards and prevention of flood risks. The Ganges River Delta, Bangladesh, is the world’s largest river delta and is prone to floods that impact social–natural systems through losses of lives and damage to infrastructure and landscapes. Millions of people living in this region are vulnerable to repetitive floods due to exposure, high susceptibility and low resilience. Cumulative effects of the monsoon climate, repetitive rainfall, tropical cyclones and the hydrogeologic setting of the Ganges River Delta increase probability of floods. While engineering methods of flood mitigation include practical solutions (technical construction of dams, bridges and hydraulic drains), regulation of traffic and land planning support systems, geoinformation methods rely on the modelling of remote sensing (RS) data to evaluate the dynamics of flood hazards. Geoinformation is indispensable for mapping catchments of flooded areas and visualization of affected regions in real-time flood monitoring, in addition to implementing and developing emergency plans and vulnerability assessment through warning systems supported by RS data. In this regard, this study used RS data to monitor the southern segment of the Ganges River Delta. Multispectral Landsat 8-9 OLI/TIRS satellite images were evaluated in flood (March) and post-flood (November) periods for analysis of flood extent and landscape changes. Deep Learning (DL) algorithms of GRASS GIS and modules of qualitative and quantitative analysis were used as advanced methods of satellite image processing. The results constitute a series of maps based on the classified images for the monitoring of floods in the Ganges River Delta.
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Turov, Sergei V. "FLOODS IN WESTERN SIBERIA IN THE CONTEXT OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP (18TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURY)". Ural Historical Journal 74, n. 1 (2022): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-1(74)-109-115.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In terms of scale and devastating consequences, floods are the most dangerous thing among natural disasters. The article is an attempt to assess their impact on the settlements and economic development in the Ob-Irtysh river system within the West Siberian region in the 18th — early 20th centuries. Floods which had high waters were associated with spring floods, but the water could not subside until the fall or even before the ice break. There were also catastrophic ones with a very high level. In addition, some complications such as long high-water cycles accrued at the time when the level and frequency of flooding increased. During severe and catastrophic floods settlements and agricultural land were flooded, livestock died, houses and outbuildings were destroyed or rendered unusable, and communication routes were interrupted for a long time. In the north of the region (Lower Ob region) during catastrophic floods, fishing trade was almost stopped and the opportunities for cattle breeding in the flooded floodplain were sharply reduced. Floodplain agriculture fell into decay during high-water cycles in the southern boreal forest area. The population of coastal areas tried to protect themselves from flooding with storage dams, but they were not built everywhere and often could not withstand the pressure of water. The only effective means of flood defense was relocation to high river banks. Therefore, the floods in 1912 and 1914 years provoked the relocation of the Irtysh River low-cost residents of the Tobolsk province. The authorities facilitated this relocation. Assistance was provided to flood victims, even though not so often. In these conditions, the population often had to rely only on themselves and God’s help. Thus, for example, in the city of Berezov the cult of St. Epiphanius was formed. On his Memorial Day people asked the higher forces for help in eliminating the consequences of the flood. But the most effective tool in combating floods was folk natural science knowledge. Over the long history of life on the river, the Russian population has developed omens, which helped them to judge the level of the upcoming flood. Among the enlightened part of the local population, there were ideas about the cyclical nature of catastrophic floods.
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Gohar, Amir, e G. Mathias Kondolf. "Flash flooding as a threat to settlements even in remote areas". Environment and Urbanization 29, n. 2 (20 dicembre 2016): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247816672158.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Desert environments are subject to flash floods in wadi floors, which may occur only once every decade or two in a given wadi (dry channels or valleys, except during rains). In areas of rapid growth, flood-prone areas can become urbanized in the time between floods. Being flat and constituted of sandy sediments, unlike the surrounding terrain, wadi floors are often used for construction, exposing the new settlements to flood risks. We present a case study of the town of El-Sheikh El-Shazli, in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, which has undergone increasingly rapid development over the past two decades. The town is named for an important 13th-century Sufi leader whose shrine receives thousands of visitors annually. We document the extent and effects of the last flash flood (1996) from interviews, field measurement of flood debris, and patterns in satellite imagery; these show the extent of new development in flood-prone wadi floors and the potential risks to residents and visitors in the absence of proper planning. We then recommend measures to reduce the future loss of life and damage from flooding.
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Nanda, Novianda Nanda, Rizalul Akram e Liza Fitria. "Internet-Based Flood Detection System (Iot) and Telegram Messenger Using Mcu Node and Water Level Sensor". JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 4, n. 1 (20 luglio 2020): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v4i1.3892.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
During the rainy season, several regions in Indonesia experienced floods even to the capital of Indonesia also flooded. Some of the causes are the high intensity of continuous rain, clogged or non-smooth drainage, high tides to accommodate the flow of water from rivers, other causes such as forest destruction, shallow and full of garbage and other causes. Every flood disaster comes, often harming the residents who experience it. The late anticipation from the community and the absence of an early warning system or information that indicates that there will be a flood so that the community is not prepared to face floods that cause a lot of losses. Therefore it is necessary to have a detection system to provide early warning if floods will occur, this is very important to prevent material losses from flooded residents. From this problem the researchers designed an internet-based flood detection System of Things (IoT). This tool can later be controlled via a smartphone remotely and can send messages Telegram messenger to citizens if the detector detects a flood will occur.Keywords: Flooding, Smartphone, Telegram messenger, Internet of Thing (IoT).
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Prisyajnyuk, V., S. Semychayevsky, M. Yakimenko e M. Osadchuk. "REGARDING THE USE OF MODERN TECHNICAL MEANS OF PROTECTION AGAINST FLOOD OF TERRITORIES AND FACILITIES FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES". Municipal economy of cities 1, n. 161 (26 marzo 2021): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-1-161-315-319.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The danger to society caused by the consequences of natural disasters tends to increase despite the general technical progress and the application of measures to prevent them and combat them. Every year the number of victims, in particular, from floods increases by an average of 6%. Flooding in certain areas can occur due to floods and inundations. Floods are natural processes that occur in the biosphere and affect the planet for millennia. Flood is a significant flooding of the area due to rising water levels in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, caused by downpours, spring snowmelt, wind surges, destruction of dams, dams and more. Floods cause great material damage and casualties. The water level in reservoirs depends on many different factors. All over the world, experts conduct long-term observations, tracking all seasonal changes, and collect data for forecasting. Floods and their causes are well studied. The main causes of these disasters are: - prolonged rains; - melting snow; - raising the bottom; - strong winds and storms; - groundwater; Thus, the issue of using modern technical means of protection against flooding of territories and objects of various purposes is relevant. A number of publications consider current trends in effective flood risk management planning in the European Union and describe the catastrophic consequences of floods and ways to combat them, and so on. At the same time, these studies do not contain data on testing and implementation in Ukraine of modern technical means to combat floods in the EU. To address these issues, the Institute of Public Administration and Research on Civil Defense commissioned by the State Service of Ukraine for Emergencies has developed a method of testing water-absorbing devices designed for: - flood protection; - changes in the direction of water flow during floods, torrential rains, melting snow, etc. - removal of water from flooded areas (basements, garages, etc.); - elimination of environmental accidents (spills of oil, diesel fuel and other chemicals). Developed by the Institute of Public Administration and Research on Civil Protection, the method of testing water-absorbing means will allow in the future to test and assess the suitability of such technical means for use by fire and rescue units when performing tasks to remove water from flooded areas and create barriers to water. time of protection against floods, changes in the direction of water flow during floods, torrential rains, melting snow, etc.
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Megahed, Hanaa A., Amira M. Abdo, Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman, Antonio Scopa e Mohammed N. Hegazy. "Frequency Ratio Model as Tools for Flood Susceptibility Mapping in Urbanized Areas: A Case Study from Egypt". Applied Sciences 13, n. 16 (21 agosto 2023): 9445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13169445.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The occurrence of flash floods is a natural yet unavoidable occurrence over time. In addition to harming people, property, and resources, it also undermines a country’s economy. This paper attempts to identify areas of flood vulnerability using a frequency ratio approach. The frequency ratio (FR) model was used to produce flood prediction maps for New Cairo City, Egypt. Using field data and remote sensing data, 143 spatial flooded point sites were mapped to build a flood inventory map. The primary driving criteria for flash floods were determined to be elevation, slope, aspect, Land Use Land Cover (LULC), lithology, stream distance, stream density, topographic wetness index (TWI), surface runoff, and terrain ruggedness index (TRI), in that order of importance. A flood susceptibility map (FSM) has been created using the FR model, which combines geographical flooded sites and environmental variables. Our findings from FSM, roughly a fifth of the city is very highly susceptible to flooding (19.32%), while the remaining 40.09% and 13.14% of the study area rank very low and low risk, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) technique was also used to validate the FSM, and the resulting results showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 90.11%. In conclusion, decision makers can employ models to extract and generate flood risk maps in order to better understand the effects of flash floods and to create alternative measures to prevent this hazard in similar regions. The results of this study will aid planners and decision makers in developing some likely actions to reduce floods vulnerability in this area.
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Morshed, Shahriar, Md Tahidur Rahman, Sheikh Rokonuzzaman e Altaf Hossain. "The Economic Impact of Monsoon Flood and Its Spillover on the Households of Bangladesh". Journal of Sustainable Development 15, n. 3 (9 marzo 2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v15n3p23.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bangladesh experiences mild to devastating floods during the monsoon season of every year due to its geographical location. Whatever nature these floods may possess, they can be both a curse and a blessing for the people of this country. Self-reporting of Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016 provides us with an opportunity to analyze the direct impact of the flood on the households’ development outcomes, such as income, expenditure, assets, and labor market outcomes at a microlevel. We also use the government report to identify the households that were treated in the report as being flooded but did not report as so in the HIES 2016. We use these two measures of flood exposure to estimate the full economic impact of monsoon floods and investigate any spillover effect to verify the preciseness of flood identification measure of self-reporting. Our modified control group meticulously strengthen the argument of flood impact and inaccuracy of its self-reporting by revealing households’ inhuman displacement in education and health expenditures. Though some river-centric trade centers offer employment and income increases for households, Bangladesh seems to lose its antique blessing of silt-laden flood water to replenish the fertility of flooded crop fields.
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Hooshyaripor, Farhad, Sanaz Faraji-Ashkavar, Farshad Koohyian, Qiuhong Tang e Roohollah Noori. "Annual flood damage influenced by El Niño in the Kan River basin, Iran". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20, n. 10 (17 ottobre 2020): 2739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2739-2020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Although many studies have explored the effect of teleconnection patterns on floods, few investigations have focused on the assessment of expected flood damage under such large-scale atmospheric signals. This study aims to determine the effect of the most emblematic teleconnection, El Niño, on the expected damage due to floods with short return periods in the Kan River basin, Iran. To determine the flood damage costs, the median of annual precipitation changes (ΔP) during El Niño conditions was used, although ΔP cannot necessarily be transferred to extreme values. Then the flooded area was determined under the increased rainfall due to El Niño for 5-, 10-, and 50-year return periods. The results showed that El Niño has increased the annual precipitation by 12.2 %. Flood damage assessment using damage–depth curves showed that the relative increase in expected damage during El Niño conditions is much higher for short return period floods than that for long return period floods. In general, a 12.2 % increase in the annual precipitation would increase the damage by 1671 % and 176 %, respectively, for the return periods of 5 and 10 years. However, in the case of a 50-year flood, this increased percentile decreased to 52 %. These results indicate the importance of small flood events in flood management planning during El Niño.
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Ivanisevic, Marko, Stevan Savic, Dragoslav Pavic, Slobodan Gnjato e Tatjana Popov. "Spatio-temporal patterns of flooded areas in the lower part of the Sana river basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina)". Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 102, n. 2 (2022): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd2202067i.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Floods are the most frequent and devastating natural hazard event in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The detected increase in extreme precipitation over the study area in the last period has altered flood event patterns due to climate changes. Higher frequency of flood events and lack of flood protection infrastructure has a severe impact on socio-economic sectors and natural ecosystems. This paper focuses on the identification of flooded areas for each single flooding event in the lower part of the Sana river basin during the period 2016-2020. For delineating flooded areas, both radar and optical satellite imagery were used. Data obtained after processing remote sensing images were overlaid with a detailed land cover map in order to get insight into flooded land cover types. From temporal aspects, floods are most common during the spring season. They are usually caused by rapid snowmelt and prolonged excessive precipitation. Considering spatial aspects, flooded areas vary from 110 to 522 hectares in the study area. Over 95% of the flooded areas are arable land, meadows and pastures. Most affected settlements by floods are urban and suburban area of Prijedor, Gomjenica, Hambarine, Rakovcani, Rizvanovici, Brezicani, Donja Dragotinja, Vitasavci, Svodna, Blagaj Rijeka and urban area of Novi Grad. The applied methodological approach represents a starting point for further investigation of flooded areas in the Sana basin and data obtained by this analysis can be used in water management, spatial planning and emergency planning.
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Landaverde, Elsa, Mélissa Généreux, Danielle Maltais e Philippe Gachon. "Respiratory and Otolaryngology Symptoms Following the 2019 Spring Floods in Quebec". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 18 (17 settembre 2022): 11738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811738.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Although floods may have important respiratory health impacts, few studies have examined this issue. This study aims to document the long-term impacts of the spring floods of 2019 in Quebec by (1) describing the population affected by the floods; (2) assessing the impacts on the respiratory system according to levels of exposure; and (3) determining the association between stressors and respiratory health. Methods: A population health survey was carried out across the six most affected regions 8–10 months post-floods. Data were collected on self-reported otolaryngology (ENT) and respiratory symptoms, along with primary and secondary stressors. Three levels of exposure were examined: flooded, disrupted and unaffected. Results: One in ten respondents declared being flooded and 31.4% being disrupted by the floods. Flooded and disrupted participants reported significantly more ENT symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.18; 95% CI: 2.45–4.14; aOR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.45–2.14) and respiratory symptoms (aOR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.45–4.75; aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.10–1.91) than the unaffected participants. All primary stressors and certain secondary stressors assessed were significantly associated with both ENT and respiratory symptoms, but no “dose–response” gradient could be observed. Conclusion: This study highlights the long-term adverse effects of flood exposure on respiratory health.
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Siljeg, Silvija, Rina Milosevic e Lovre Pandja. "Public perception of the urban pluvial floods risk-case study of Porec (Croatia)". Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 72, n. 2 (2022): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2202147s.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pluvial floods are rain-related floods that occur when water drainage is not fast enough due to heavy rainfall. One of the key components in the management of the urban pluvial flood risk (UPFR) is risk perception (RP). The objective of this paper was to define factors of RP based on the selected variables and to examine their reliability. Emphasis is placed on the contextualization of five factors related to cognition: awareness of the risk of pluvial floods (F1) and situation: anthropogenic causes of pluvial floods (F2), natural causes of pluvial floods (F3), consequences of pluvial floods in the future (F4), and preparedness for pluvial floods (F5). Furthermore, historical pluvial floods data were acquired from multiple sources and used to determine the distance of respondents' homes from frequently flooded places. The results showed that the questionnaire was consistent, i.e., factors are highly reliable. Significant differences were observed in the F2 regarding the gender of the respondents, and in the F4 regarding their age. Preparedness for the danger (F5) is the lowest perceived factor. Results from this study can facilitate communication between experts, decision-makers, and citizens.
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Liu, Tian, Peijun Shi e Jian Fang. "Spatiotemporal variation in global floods with different affected areas and the contribution of influencing factors to flood-induced mortality (1985–2019)". Natural Hazards 111, n. 3 (1 gennaio 2022): 2601–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-05150-5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractFloods are great threats to human life and property. Extensive research has investigated the spatiotemporal variation in flood occurrence, while few have studied the heterogeneity in global flood events of different sizes, which may require different coping strategies and risk reduction policies. In this study, we analysed the spatiotemporal patterns of global flood events with different affected areas (classified in three levels) during 1985–2019 and examined the contribution of different influencing factors to flood-induced mortality using Geodetector. The results show that (1) the increase in global flood frequency was mainly caused by Level II and Level III floods, and the average area affected by flood events has been increasing yearly since 1985. (2) In America and Africa, the frequency of Level III floods has increased monotonically. At the same time, the frequency of Level I floods in Europe and Level II floods in Asia has increased significantly. (3) For Europe and Asia, most of the deaths occurred with Level II floods; while for America and Africa, Level III floods caused the most mortality. (4) The top three factors contributing to the spatial heterogeneity in flood-induced mortality were the affected population, GDP per capita and flood duration. The contribution of each factor varied among the different types of floods. Topographic factors (percentage of mountainous area) magnified flood-induced mortality during extreme events with heavy rainfall, especially for Level III floods. The heterogeneity in flood frequency and flood-induced mortality indicates that flood protection measures should be more targeted. In addition, the increase in large-scale floods (Level III) highlights the need for transregional cooperation in flood risk management.
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Macdonald, N. "Millennial scale variability in high magnitude flooding across Britain". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, n. 9 (8 settembre 2014): 10157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-10157-2014.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The last decade has witnessed severe flooding across much of the globe, but have these floods really been exceptional? Globally, relatively few instrumental river flow series extend beyond 50 years, with short records presenting significant challenges in determining flood risk from high-magnitude floods. A perceived increase in extreme floods in recent years has decreased public confidence in conventional flood risk estimates; the results affect society (insurance costs), individuals (personal vulnerability) and companies (e.g. water resource managers – flood/drought risk). Here we show how historical records from Britain have improved understanding of high magnitude floods, by examining past spatial and temporal variability. The findings identify that whilst recent floods are notable, several comparable periods of increased flooding are identifiable historically, with periods of greater frequency (flood-rich periods) or/and larger floods. The use of historical records identifies that the largest floods often transcend single catchments affecting regions and that the current flood rich period is not exceptional.
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Setiawan, Angie Abigail. "RUMAH RAMAH BANJIR DI KAMPUNG PEJATEN TIMUR". Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, n. 2 (3 febbraio 2022): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12303.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Floods in Jakarta occur almost every year. Some areas even experienced floods which were quite severe and worrying, while the conditions for the evacuation were still not sufficient. Based on the data obtained, the largest flood point in Jakarta is in the South Jakarta area with 39 flood points and one of the areas experiencing the worst flooding in Jakarta is Kampung Pejaten Timur. East Pejaten Village has a low land contour. As a result, flooding in East Pejaten Village can reach 2-3 meters. Floods in Jakarta occurred because the principle of the city is still against the flood. Thus, the principle of a suitable building is a building that resists flooding and must be able to live with floods, because Jakarta floods are unavoidable. Several things need to be considered when designing buildings, including the residents' needs during the flood, the residents' activities during and during the flood, and the materials used in the project to support flood-resistant buildings. For this reason, the method used in designing is to adapt the activities of residents when it is flooded or not flooded into the building. To build a flood-friendly building, this project was designed as an amphibious building that can adapt to flooding by floating, and become a stilt house when it is not flooded. Thus, the residents who live in it no longer need to evacuate and their homes are also safe when floods come. Keywords: Flood, Pejaten Timur, Residential AbstrakBanjir di Jakarta terjadi hampir setiap tahunnya. Beberapa daerah bahkan mengalami banjir yang cukup parah dan mengkhawatirkan, sedangkan kondisi pengungsian juga masih belum memadai. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, titik banjir terbanyak di Jakarta berada di daerah Jakarta Selatan dengan 39 titik banjir dan salah satu daerah yang mengalami banjir terparah di Jakarta adalah Kampung Pejaten Timur. Kampung Pejaten Timur memiliki kontur tanah yang rendah. Akibatnya, banjir di Kampung Pejaten Timur dapat mencapai 2-3 meter. Banjir di Jakarta ini terjadi karena prinsip kotanya yang masih melawan air. Maka, prinsip bangunan yang cocok adalah bangunan yang tidak melawan banjir dan harus mampu hidup berdampingan dengan banjir, karena banjir Jakarta tidak dapat dihindari. Ada beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan ketika mendesain bangunan, antara lain; kebutuhan warga ketika banjir, aktivitas warga setempat baik ketika banjir maupun tidak banjir, serta bahan dan material yang digunakan dalam proyek untuk memungkinkan bangunan tahan terhadap banjir. Untuk itu metode yang digunakan dalam mendesain adalah dengan mengadaptasikan aktivitas warga ketika banjir ataupun tidak banjir kedalam bangunan. Dalam upaya membangun bangunan ramah banjir, proyek ini dibuat sebagai bangunan amfibi yang mampu beradaptasi, dengan dapat mengapung ketika banjir dan menjadi rumah panggung ketika tidak banjir. Dengan demikian, warga yang tinggal didalamnya tidak perlu lagi mengungsi dan rumah mereka juga aman ketika banjir datang.
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Ruzza, Guerriero, Grelle, Guadagno e Revellino. "Multi-Method Tracking of Monsoon Floods Using Sentinel-1 Imagery". Water 11, n. 11 (31 ottobre 2019): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112289.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Floods cause great losses in terms of human life and damages to settlements. Since the exposure is a proxy of the risk, it is essential to track flood evolution. The increasing availability of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery extends flood tracking capabilities because of its all-water and day/night acquisition. In this paper, in order to contribute to a better evaluation of the potential of Sentinel-1 SAR imagery to track floods, we analyzed a multi-pulse flood caused by a typhoon in the Camarines Sur Province of Philippines between the end of 2018 and the beginning of 2019. Multiple simple classification methods were used to track the spatial and temporal evolution of the flooded area. Our analysis indicates that Valley Emphasis based manual threshold identification, Otsu methodology, and K-Means Clustering have the potential to be used for tracking large and long-lasting floods, providing similar results. Because of its simplicity, the K-Means Clustering algorithm has the potential to be used in fully automated operational flood monitoring, also because of its good performance in terms of computation time.
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Lloyd Williams, Alison, Amanda Bingley, Marion Walker, Maggie Mort e Virginia Howells. "“That’s Where I First Saw the Water”". Transfers 7, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2017): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2017.070307.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article reports on a project, led jointly by Lancaster University and Save the Children UK, that used mobile, creative, and performance-based methods to understand children’s experiences and perceptions of the 2013–2014 UK winter floods and to promote their voices in flood risk management. We argue that our action-based methodology situated the children as “flood actors” by focusing on their sensory experience of the floods and thus their embodied knowledge and expertise. The research activities of walking, talking, and taking photographs around the flooded landscape, as well as model making and the use of theater and performance, helped to “mobilize” the children not only to recall what they did during the floods but also to identify and communicate to policy makers and practitioners how we can all do things differently before, during, and after flooding.
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Jeneiová, Katarína, Silvia Kohnová, Julia Hall e Juraj Parajka. "Variability of seasonal floods in the Upper Danube River basin". Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 64, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2016): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2016-0037.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The objective of this study is to analyse the spatial variability of seasonal flood occurrences in the Upper Danube region for the period 1961-2010. The analysis focuses on the understanding of the factors that control the spatial variability of winter and summer floods in 88 basins with different physiographic conditions. The evaluation is based on circular statistics, which compare the changes in the mean date and in the seasonal flood concentration index within a year or predefined season. The results indicate that summer half-year and winter half-year floods are dominant in the Alps and northern Danube tributaries, respectively. A comparison of the relative magnitude of flood events indicates that summer half-year floods are on average more than 50% larger than floods in winter. The evaluation of flood occurrence showed that the values of seasonal flood concentration index (median 0.75) in comparison to the annual floods (median 0.58) shows higher temporal concentration of floods. The flood seasonality of winter events is dominant in the Alps; however, along the northern fringe (i.e. the Isar, Iller and Inn River) the timing of winter half-year floods is diverse. The seasonal concentration of summer floods tends to increase with increasing mean elevation of the basins. The occurrence of the three largest summer floods is more stable, i.e. they tend to occur around the same time for the majority of analysed basins. The results show that fixing the summer and winter seasons to specific months does not always allow a clear distinction of the main flood generation processes. Therefore, criteria to define flood typologies that are more robust are needed for regions such as the Upper Danube, with large climate and topographical variability between the lowland and high elevations, particularly for the assessment of the effect of increasing air temperature on snowmelt runoff and associated floods.
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Ashish, Aggarwal, e Anjali. "Using Open-Source Sentinel-1A Images for Flood Susceptibility Mapping in North Bihar, India". i-manager’s Journal on Software Engineering 17, n. 2 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jse.17.2.19191.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Natural calamities such as floods are a severe menace, causing huge socio-environmental threats. Remote sensing technologies have proven to be a boon in precisely mapping the spatiotemporal effects and spread of floods, allowing remedial measures to be implemented on time. This paper aims to demarcate the extent of flooded areas in the study area by the application of remote sensing techniques that involve combining temporal images acquired during the flood (crisis images) with images acquired before the flood (archive images). In disaster mapping applications, the image that is acquired before the event takes place is referred to as the archive image, while the image that is acquired at the time of the event is referred to as the crisis image. The research objectives were achieved through the analysis of freely available Sentinel-1A data to delineate the extent of flooded areas in the European Space Agency's-Sentinel Applications Platform (ESA-SNAP) environment. Multi-looking, radiometric calibration, and range doppler terrain correction (geometric) were applied to the temporal images for better visualization and distinction and for projecting the pixels onto the proper map system. Later, the archive and crisis images were overlaid to form a Red Green Blue (RGB) composite that showed the extent and spread of floods in north Bihar, where each color represented areas of different significance. Further, the flood map was overlaid onto the Google Earth optical layer for better visualization and comparison. The work demonstrated the applicability and use of remote sensing and GIS technology to quickly gain insight into the spatial and temporal distribution of floods in a given region and could be used as a precursor for efficient flood management and relief measures.
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Rehan, B. M., e Mok Yiwen. "Discrepancies in estimated flood losses on paddy production: Application of damage models on historical flood records of the Northwest States of Peninsular Malaysia". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1205, n. 1 (1 giugno 2023): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1205/1/012020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Information of flood damage to crops production is essential for guiding risk-based decisions in reducing future adverse impacts of floods. For paddy, its susceptibility to floods is one of the factors that may influence the loss of paddy’s production. To date, there have been limited studies that have been undertaken to examine in detail how different damage functions (with and without a susceptibility index) influence flood damage estimates of paddy using past recorded flood information. This study attempts to examine flood damage functions of different forms in two conditions: as their stand-alone forms and when being applied for damage and risk estimations. Furthermore, recorded revenues from the past were used to investigate the effects of paddy’s susceptibility to floods on revenues. Historical flood evidence and revenues between 1987 and 2021 occurred on paddy granaries under the Muda Agricultural Development Authority’s (MADA) monitoring located in Perlis and Kedah states of Peninsular Malaysia and were used in this study. Application of three damage functions reveals that the exclusion of susceptibility index from the damage calculation results in significantly overestimations of losses, with a standard deviation reaching as high as 38 and overestimations up to four times that of the function with susceptibility index. The high estimates could hinder the acceptance of risk-based flood assessment (and its results) in flood alleviation decision-making. Furthermore, as the percentage of flooded area increases, the revenue loss increases, indicating the effects of floods on harvested paddy quality. This further highlights the potential role of the susceptibility index in the damage function.
28
Tabacaru, Alexandru, Livia Nistor-Lopatenco, Iurie Bejan e Alexandru Pantaz. "THE USE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FLOOD PREDICTIONS". Journal of Engineering Science XXVIII, n. 2 (giugno 2021): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2021.28(2).09.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article examines the issue of using geographic information systems (GIS) and WEBGIS technologies to predict areas likely to be flooded. Probabilistic flood hazard maps (0.5%, 0.1% and 1% flood risks) were used, obtained from a model installation in an area subject to flood risk, in this case, the municipality of Ungheni in the Republic Moldova, which has been flooded in the past. The application of GIS technologies is necessary to prevent floods affecting households, infrastructure and to minimize its effects. For this purpose, were analyzed the previous floods that occurred in the region. Also were applied and overlaid thematic digital maps such as Land Use, river network, DTM, Delineation Methodology of water bodies which represents the transposition of the EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and at the end were uploaded on an ESRI Web GIS platform http://www.dbga.md/siga.html. The Coordinate system used here was WGS-84.
29
Szolgay, Ján, Ladislav Gaál, Tomáš Bacigál, Silvia Kohnová, Kamila Hlavčová, Roman Výleta, Juraj Parajka e Günter Blöschl. "A regional comparative analysis of empirical and theoretical flood peak-volume relationships". Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 64, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2016): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2016-0042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper analyses the bivariate relationship between flood peaks and corresponding flood event volumes modelled by empirical and theoretical copulas in a regional context, with a focus on flood generation processes in general, the regional differentiation of these and the effect of the sample size on reliable discrimination among models. A total of 72 catchments in North-West of Austria are analysed for the period 1976–2007. From the hourly runoff data set, 25 697 flood events were isolated and assigned to one of three flood process types: synoptic floods (including long- and short-rain floods), flash floods or snowmelt floods (both rain-on-snow and snowmelt floods). The first step of the analysis examines whether the empirical peak-volume copulas of different flood process types are regionally statistically distinguishable, separately for each catchment and the role of the sample size on the strength of the statements. The results indicate that the empirical copulas of flash floods tend to be different from those of the synoptic and snowmelt floods. The second step examines how similar are the empirical flood peak-volume copulas between catchments for a given flood type across the region. Empirical copulas of synoptic floods are the least similar between the catchments, however with the decrease of the sample size the difference between the performances of the process types becomes small. The third step examines the goodness-of-fit of different commonly used copula types to the data samples that represent the annual maxima of flood peaks and the respective volumes both regardless of flood generating processes (the traditional engineering approach) and also considering the three process-based classes. Extreme value copulas (Galambos, Gumbel and Hüsler-Reiss) show the best performance both for synoptic and flash floods, while the Frank copula shows the best performance for snowmelt floods. It is concluded that there is merit in treating flood types separately when analysing and estimating flood peak-volume dependence copulas; however, even the enlarged dataset gained by the process-based analysis in this study does not give sufficient information for a reliable model choice for multivariate statistical analysis of flood peaks and volumes.
30
Brazda, Steven, Mojca Šraj e Nejc Bezak. "Classification of Floods in Europe and North America with Focus on Compound Events". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, n. 12 (22 novembre 2022): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11120580.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Compound events occur when multiple drivers or hazards occur in the same region or on the same time scale, hence amplifying their impacts. Compound events can cause large economic damage or endanger human lives. Thus, a better understanding of the characteristics of these events is needed in order to protect human lives. This study investigates the drivers and characteristics of floods in Europe and North America from the compound event perspective. More than 100 catchments across Europe and North America were selected as case study examples in order to investigate characteristics of floods during a 1979–2019 period. Air temperature, precipitation, snow thickness, snow liquid water equivalent, wind speed, vapour pressure, and soil moisture content were used as potential drivers. Annual maximum floods were classified into several flood types. Predefined flood types were snowmelt floods, rain-on-snow floods, short precipitation floods and long precipitation floods that were further classified into two sub-categories (i.e., wet and dry initial conditions). The results of this study show that snowmelt floods were often the dominant flood type in the selected catchments, especially at higher latitudes. Moreover, snow-related floods were slightly less frequent for high altitude catchments compared to low- and medium-elevation catchments. These high-altitude areas often experience intense summer rainstorms that generate the highest annual discharges. On the other hand, snowmelt-driven floods were the predominant flood type for the lower elevation catchments. Moreover, wet initial conditions were more frequent than the dry initial conditions, indicating the importance of the soil moisture for flood generation. Hence, these findings can be used for flood risk management and modelling.
31
Veijalainen, Noora, e Bertel Vehviläinen. "The effect of climate change on design floods of high hazard dams in Finland". Hydrology Research 39, n. 5-6 (1 ottobre 2008): 465–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2008.202.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The effects of climate change on design floods of high hazard dams were studied in Finland. Design floods were calculated with model simulation methods where design precipitation was combined with 40 years of weather data. The combination of design precipitation and baseline weather that produced the largest flood was researched and this flood was used as the design flood of the dam with a return period of 5,000–10,000 years. Design floods were first simulated for the baseline period (1961–2000) and for a future period (2070–2100) and these two floods were compared. The baseline temperatures and precipitations were changed with delta-change approach using five climate scenarios for 2070–2100 and the design precipitation was changed according to two projections. Of the 34 dams included in this study, the effect of climate change varied depending on the location of the dam, the type of the basin and the primary cause of the flood. In northern Finland, where the simulated design floods were mainly caused by spring snowmelt, the design floods did not change significantly. In southern and western Finland, the design floods were mostly summer floods which increased mainly due to the increase in the design precipitation.
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Gheysouri, M., S. Khalighi Sigaroodi, M. Kalehhouei e A. R. Moghadamnia. "A QUICK TECHNIQUE OF FLOOD DETECTION AND MAPPING BASED ON LAND COVER/LAND USE CHANGES (CASE STUDY: THE 2022 FLOOD EVENT OF TALEGHAN CITY OF IRAN)". ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W1-2022 (13 gennaio 2023): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w1-2022-229-2023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Flood as one of the most devastating natural disasters, causes significant tangible and intangible damages to watershed residents each year. When flood occurs, changes in land use (LU) and land cover (LC) relative to climate change and other edaphic factors have remarkable impacts on flood generation. Furthermore, application of complicated models with various inputs is costly and time-consuming. In this study, with the aim of determining the parameters affecting the recent floods in the Taleghan watershed, first, maps of the flooded areas and changes in LU and LC was extracted using' Sentinel 1 & 2 by coding the Google Earth Engine. In the extraction of LU, seasonal composites were used and the winter season was eliminated. Next, using the override command in the ARCGIS 10.8.1 software, the extracted maps were combined and evaluated. The results show that the use of urban and forest lands was limited to the lands next to the rivers and streams, which are the places where the floods pass, and this factor has increased exposure to flood. According to the composition of the maps in the Taleghan watershed, floods occurred in areas where there was no LC and the flooded areas we are located in the upper part of villages where natural LC was lost as a result of livestock grazing or human manipulation. It can be concluded that the use of simple models and basic maps can help experts identify flood zones.
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Gallagher, Justin. "Learning about an Infrequent Event: Evidence from Flood Insurance Take-Up in the United States". American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 6, n. 3 (1 luglio 2014): 206–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.6.3.206.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I examine the learning process that economic agents use to update their expectation of an uncertain and infrequently observed event. I use a new nation-wide panel dataset of large regional floods and flood insurance policies to show that insurance take-up spikes the year after a flood and then steadily declines to baseline. Residents in nonflooded communities in the same television media market increase take-up at one-third the rate of flooded communities. I find that insurance take-up is most consistent with a Bayesian learning model that allows for forgetting or incomplete information about past floods. (JEL D12, D83, D84, G22, Q54)
34
Bonacci, O., I. Ljubenkov e T. Roje-Bonacci. "Karst flash floods: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, n. 2 (31 marzo 2006): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-195-2006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Flash floods constitute one of the deadliest and costliest natural disasters worldwide. This paper explains the karst flash flood phenomenon, which represents a special kind of flash flood. As the majority of flash floods karst flash floods are caused by intensive short-term precipitation in an area whose surface rarely exceeds a few square kilometres. The characteristics of all flash floods are their short duration, small areal extent, high flood peaks and rapid flows, and heavy loss of life and property. Karst flash floods have specific characteristics due to special conditions for water circulation, which exist in karst terrains. During karst flash floods a sudden rise of groundwater levels occurs, which causes the appearance of numerous, unexpected, abundant and temporary karst springs. This paper presents in detail an example of a karst flash flood in the Marina bay (Dinaric karst region of Croatia), which occurred in December 2004.
35
Javadinejad, Safieh. "Causes and consequences of floods: flash floods, urban floods, river floods and coastal floods". Resources Environment and Information Engineering 4, n. 1 (2022): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/reie.2022.01.002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Undoubtedly, the flood is known as a natural disaster. But in practice, the flood is considered the most terrible natural disaster in terms of mortality and financial losses. In this regard, a worrying trend is the increasing trend of mortality and flood damage in the world in recent decades. The increase in population and assets in the floodplain the changes in hydro systems and the destructive effects of human activities have been a major cause of this trend. In this chapter, due to the importance of this natural phenomenon in the ZayandehRud basin, the general study of flood and its effective factors in creating it, based on library studies and reports, and the collection of flood statistics in the basin during a 40-year period and the damage caused by this flood, has been attempted. With the causes and factors influencing the flooding and also the use of EXCEL software for various damages caused by these floods in high risk cities of this basin, has been identified. In general, the cause of many floods in the central parts of Iran, including ZayandehRud basin, is high rainfall. The causes of these rainfall are also related to the Elenino and Lenina phenomenon, as well as the passage of low pressure systems, which after affecting a large amount of steam from the Mediterranean, affect the western parts of the province that overlooks the Zagros mountains.
36
Thorndahl, Søren, Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen e David Getreuer Jensen. "Urban pluvial flood prediction: a case study evaluating radar rainfall nowcasts and numerical weather prediction models as model inputs". Water Science and Technology 74, n. 11 (11 ottobre 2016): 2599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.474.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Flooding produced by high-intensive local rainfall and drainage system capacity exceedance can have severe impacts in cities. In order to prepare cities for these types of flood events – especially in the future climate – it is valuable to be able to simulate these events numerically, both historically and in real-time. There is a rather untested potential in real-time prediction of urban floods. In this paper, radar data observations with different spatial and temporal resolution, radar nowcasts of 0–2 h leadtime, and numerical weather models with leadtimes up to 24 h are used as inputs to an integrated flood and drainage systems model in order to investigate the relative difference between different inputs in predicting future floods. The system is tested on the small town of Lystrup in Denmark, which was flooded in 2012 and 2014. Results show it is possible to generate detailed flood maps in real-time with high resolution radar rainfall data, but rather limited forecast performance in predicting floods with leadtimes more than half an hour.
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Aitzhanova, M. R., e S. B. Zhaparova. "The influence of spring floods on the soil condition of Аkmola region". Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 29, n. 1(113) (30 marzo 2024): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2024bmg1/105-112.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that the problem of floods in Akmola region is serious. The effects of floods are damaging not only socio-economic but also environmental. Seasonal increases in river levels and further flooding of the surrounding area affect the agrochemical condition of the soil, changing its structure, terrain and biocenosis. The problem is that, to date, no attention has been paid to the study of the environmental impact of floods, but only to the assessment of socio-economic damage, although longterm environmental damage cannot be underestimated either. One of the objectives of this study is to study the impact of recurrent floods on soil conditions that have been flooded in flood plains. Such soils are assessed for management decisions on the future use of these areas. The object of the study of this article are the lands in the floodplain of the Zhabai River, which is the right tributary of the Ishim River in Akmola region. The subject of the study is changes in soil due to floods. The aim of the scientific article is to assess the nature of the impact of floods on the state of the soil, and to develop recommendations for the further use of soils that have been flooded. Soil analyses were carried out in autumn, summer and spring over several years, and the chemical and morphological status of soils was analyzed in dynamics. It is shown how the condition of soils in the floodplain of the Zhabai River changed as a result of floods.
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Macdonald, Neil, e Heather Sangster. "High-magnitude flooding across Britain since AD 1750". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, n. 3 (20 marzo 2017): 1631–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1631-2017.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The last decade has witnessed severe flooding across much of the globe, but have these floods really been exceptional? Globally, relatively few instrumental river flow series extend beyond 50 years, with short records presenting significant challenges in determining flood risk from high-magnitude floods. A perceived increase in extreme floods in recent years has decreased public confidence in conventional flood risk estimates; the results affect society (insurance costs), individuals (personal vulnerability) and companies (e.g. water resource managers). Here, we show how historical records from Britain have improved understanding of high-magnitude floods, by examining past spatial and temporal variability. The findings identify that whilst recent floods are notable, several comparable periods of increased flooding are identifiable historically, with periods of greater frequency (flood-rich periods). Statistically significant relationships between the British flood index, the Atlantic Meridional Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation Index are identified. The use of historical records identifies that the largest floods often transcend single catchments affecting regions and that the current flood-rich period is not unprecedented.
39
Pekárová, Pavla, Dana Halmová, Veronika Bačová Mitková, Pavol Miklánek, Ján Pekár e Peter Škoda. "Historic flood marks and flood frequency analysis of the Danube River at Bratislava, Slovakia". Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 61, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2013): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2013-0041.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In this paper we focused on the history of floods and extreme flood frequency analysis of the upper Danube River at Bratislava. Firstly, we briefly describe the flood marks found on the Danube River in the region of Bratislava, Slovakia, and provide an account of the floods’ consequences. Secondly, we analyzed the annual maximum discharge series for the period 1876-2012, including the most recent flood of June 2013. Thirdly, we compare the values of T-year design discharge computed with and without incorporating the historic floods (floods of the years 1501, 1682, and 1787 into the 138-year series of annual discharge peaks). There are unfortunately only a few historic flood marks preserved in Bratislava, but there are very important and old marks in neighbouring Hainburg and other Austrian cities upstream to Passau. The calculated T-year maximum discharge of the Danube at Bratislava for the period 1876-2010 without and with historic flood values have been compared. Our analysis showed that without incorporating the historic floods from the years 1501, 1682, and 1787 the 1000-year discharge calculated only with data from the instrumented period 1876- 2013 is 14,188 m3 s-1, and it is lower compared to the 1000-year discharge of 14,803 m3 s-1 when the three historic floods are included. In general, the T-year discharge is higher throughout the whole spectrum of T-year discharges (10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500-year discharge) when the three historic floods are included. Incorporating historic floods into a time series of maximum annual discharge seems to exert a significant effect on the estimates of low probability floods. This has important implications for flood managements and estimation of flood design discharge.
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Gong, Ruishan, e Naif R. Alrehaili. "Flood Preparedness in United Kingdom and China: A Comparison Study Focusing on Social and Economic Factors". International Journal of Disaster Management 5, n. 3 (27 febbraio 2023): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/ijdm.v5i3.28854.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper aims to explore the social and economic factors influencing the flood preparedness of Zhengzhou, China and Leeds, United Kingdom residents. As one of the chosen areas, Zhengzhou experienced a terrible flood with an inaccurate weather forecast and little pre-flood preparedness in July 2021. On the other hand, Leeds has a long history of frequent floods. Wetter winters and stormy weather caused by climate change led to increased floods in Leeds. The consistent seasonal floods keep damaging residents and their properties, leading to economic losses. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with residents who experienced floods in Zhengzhou and Leeds. Comparative parameters included economic and social, as these factors are hugely different in the study areas. The results showed that factors like education influence the households’ flood preparedness; likewise, economic factors like disposable income also affect the willingness of residents to spend on flood preparedness. Furthermore, the results revealed that with proactive flood management, both communities progressed in minimising the post-adverse effects of floods.
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Neill, Charles R. "Unusual Canadian floods and the Creager diagram". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, n. 2 (1 aprile 1986): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-034.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A number of unusual flood discharges in Canada are plotted on the Creager diagram of 1945, which was based on a compilation of unusual floods in the United States and other countries. Values of Creager's coefficient C for the Canadian floods lie mainly between 20 and 45. Readers are invited to contribute further data on known Canadian floods and on project estimates of PMF (probable maximum floods) and SPF (standard project floods) so that expanded versions of the table and diagram can be included in a forthcoming flood guide for Canada.
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Hall, Julia, e Günter Blöschl. "Spatial patterns and characteristics of flood seasonality in Europe". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, n. 7 (19 luglio 2018): 3883–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3883-2018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. In Europe, floods are typically analysed within national boundaries and it is therefore not well understood how the characteristics of local floods fit into a continental perspective. To gain a better understanding at continental scale, this study analyses seasonal flood characteristics across Europe for the period 1960–2010. From a European flood database, the timing within the year of annual maximum discharges or water levels of 4105 stations is analysed. A cluster analysis is performed to identify large-scale regions with distinct flood seasons based on the monthly relative frequencies of the annual maxima. The clusters are further analysed to determine the temporal flood characteristics within each region and the Europe-wide patterns of bimodal and unimodal flood seasonality distributions. The mean annual timing of floods observed at individual stations across Europe is spatially well defined. Below 60∘ latitude, the mean timing transitions from winter floods in the west to spring floods in the east. Summer floods occurring in mountainous areas interrupt this west-to-east transition. Above 60∘ latitude, spring floods are dominant, except for coastal areas in which autumn and winter floods tend to occur. The temporal concentration of flood occurrences around the annual mean timing is highest in north-eastern Europe, with most of the floods being concentrated within 1–2 months. The cluster analysis results in six spatially consistent regions with distinct flood seasonality characteristics. The regions with winter floods in western, central, and southern Europe are assigned to Cluster 1 (∼ 36 % of the stations) and Cluster 4 (∼ 10 %) with the mean flood timing within the cluster in late January and early December respectively. In eastern Europe (Cluster 3, ∼ 24 %), the cluster average flood occurs around the end of March. The mean flood timing in northern (Cluster 5, ∼ 8 %) and north-eastern Europe (Cluster 6, ∼ 5 %) is approximately in mid-May and mid-April respectively. About 15 % of the stations (Cluster 2) are located in mountainous areas, with a mean flood timing around the end of June. Most of the stations (∼ 73 %) with more than 30 years of data exhibit a unimodal flood seasonality distribution (one or more consecutive months with high flood occurrence). Only a few stations (∼ 3 %), mainly located on the foothills of mountainous areas, have a clear bimodal flood seasonality distribution. This study suggests that, as a result of the consistent Europe-wide pattern of flood timing obtained, the geographical location of a station in Europe can give an indication of its seasonal flood characteristics and that geographical location seems to be more relevant than catchment area or catchment outlet elevation in shaping flood seasonality.
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Laachrate, H., A. Fadil e A. Ghafiri. "SOIL MOISTURE MAPPING USING SMOS APPLIED TO FLOOD MONITORING IN THE MOROCCAN CONTEXT". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W12 (21 febbraio 2019): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w12-105-2019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Soil moisture is an important parameter in many fields: hydrological, agricultural and even natural hazards monitoring (like floods). And, since soil moisture is crucial to flood monitoring a soil moisture spatial mission was launched in the 2nd November 2009: Soil Moisture And Ocean Salinity (SMOS). In this context, two Moroccan flood events are considered: November 2014 floods at Guelmim and Sidi Ifni and 23rd February 2017 floods at Rabat and Salé. The methodology is based on the combination of the observation of two parameters: soil moisture (satellite data) and rainfall data (in-situ and satellite-based data) in order to have a vision of the flood risk in Morocco in the future with the comparison of Rainfall and soil moisture maps before and after the flood events. Among the main results, a strong relation between soil moisture and floods was detected for the November 2014 floods (for Guelmim soil moisture reached 0.6&thinsp;m3/m3 on 20 and 21 November 2014) and between Rainfall amount and floods for the 23 February 2017 floods (119&thinsp;mm on the day of the flood event).</p>
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Özçelik, Seyhan, e Himmet Karaman. "Extreme Weather Events: The Impact of Flooding on Transportation Network: Case Study of Buyukcekmece Basin". International Conference on Scientific and Innovative Studies 1, n. 1 (14 aprile 2023): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icsis.631.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Transportation is a critical sector which is vulnerable to hazardous events like urban floods. Thedisruption in transportation infrastructure affects the whole community in terms of loss of life and property.A resilient transport system is fundamental for resilient communities, and considering the adverse impactsof climate change, it becomes even more important. The Büyükçekmece Basin is a densely populated andeconomically significant area that also includes regions of natural importance requiring preservation. Thus,a flood hazard can affect more people, cause greater monetary losses and have negative impact on theenvironment and nature.The purpose of this research is to present the disruption of road network in Büyükçekmece Basin due toflooding and create an analytical framework. Vulnerability of road systems to rainfall-induced floods isquantified by integrating different models. An integrated framework linking hydrological model andinundation model is established and the relation between flood depth and road network vulnerability isdetermined. Flood hazard maps are created for two different rainfall events with 1 in 50 year and 1 in 100-year return period and flooded road lengths are determined. The flood levels have shown that there are roadsegments that will face moderate and major flooding. In Büyükçekmece Basin where serious floods haveoccurred in the past, measures need to be taken regarding the road network for possible flood risks.
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Barrera, A., M. C. Llasat e M. Barriendos. "Estimation of extreme flash flood evolution in Barcelona County from 1351 to 2005". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, n. 4 (12 giugno 2006): 505–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-505-2006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Every year, flash floods cause economic losses and major problems for undertaking daily activity in the Catalonia region (NE Spain). Sometimes catastrophic damage and casualties occur. When a long term analysis of floods is undertaken, a question arises regarding the changing role of the vulnerability and the hazard in risk evolution. This paper sets out to give some information to deal with this question, on the basis of analysis of all the floods that have occurred in Barcelona county (Catalonia) since the 14th century, as well as the flooded area, urban evolution, impacts and the weather conditions for any of most severe events. With this objective, the identification and classification of historical floods, and characterisation of flash-floods among these, have been undertaken. Besides this, the main meteorological factors associated with recent flash floods in this city and neighbouring regions are well-known. On the other hand, the identification of rainfall trends that could explain the historical evolution of flood hazard occurrence in this city has been analysed. Finally, identification of the influence of urban development on the vulnerability to floods has been carried out. Barcelona city has been selected thanks to its long continuous data series (daily rainfall data series, since 1854; one of the longest rainfall rate series of Europe, since 1921) and for the accurate historical archive information that is available (since the Roman Empire for the urban evolution). The evolution of flood occurrence shows the existence of oscillations in the earlier and later modern-age periods that can be attributed to climatic variability, evolution of the perception threshold and changes in vulnerability. A great increase of vulnerability can be assumed for the period 1850–1900. The analysis of the time evolution for the Barcelona rainfall series (1854–2000) shows that no trend exists, although, due to changes in urban planning, flash-floods impact has altered over this time. The number of catastrophic flash floods has diminished, although the extraordinary ones have increased.
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Froidevaux, P., J. Schwanbeck, R. Weingartner, C. Chevalier e O. Martius. "Flood triggering in Switzerland: the role of daily to monthly preceding precipitation". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, n. 9 (17 settembre 2015): 3903–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3903-2015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Determining the role of different precipitation periods for peak discharge generation is crucial for both projecting future changes in flood probability and for short- and medium-range flood forecasting. In this study, catchment-averaged daily precipitation time series are analyzed prior to annual peak discharge events (floods) in Switzerland. The high number of floods considered – more than 4000 events from 101 catchments have been analyzed – allows to derive significant information about the role of antecedent precipitation for peak discharge generation. Based on the analysis of precipitation times series, a new separation of flood-related precipitation periods is proposed: (i) the period 0 to 1 day before flood days, when the maximum flood-triggering precipitation rates are generally observed, (ii) the period 2 to 3 days before flood days, when longer-lasting synoptic situations generate "significantly higher than normal" precipitation amounts, and (iii) the period from 4 days to 1 month before flood days when previous wet episodes may have already preconditioned the catchment. The novelty of this study lies in the separation of antecedent precipitation into the precursor antecedent precipitation (4 days before floods or earlier, called PRE-AP) and the short range precipitation (0 to 3 days before floods, a period when precipitation is often driven by one persistent weather situation like e.g., a stationary low-pressure system). A precise separation of "antecedent" and "peak-triggering" precipitation is not attempted. Instead, the strict definition of antecedent precipitation periods permits a direct comparison of all catchments. The precipitation accumulating 0 to 3 days before an event is the most relevant for floods in Switzerland. PRE-AP precipitation has only a weak and region-specific influence on flood probability. Floods were significantly more frequent after wet PRE-AP periods only in the Jura Mountains, in the western and eastern Swiss plateau, and at the outlet of large lakes. As a general rule, wet PRE-AP periods enhance the flood probability in catchments with gentle topography, high infiltration rates, and large storage capacity (karstic cavities, deep soils, large reservoirs). In contrast, floods were significantly less frequent after wet PRE-AP periods in glacial catchments because of reduced melt. For the majority of catchments however, no significant correlation between precipitation amounts and flood occurrences is found when the last 3 days before floods are omitted in the precipitation amounts. Moreover, the PRE-AP was not higher for extreme floods than for annual floods with a high frequency and was very close to climatology for all floods. The fact that floods are not significantly more frequent nor more intense after wet PRE-AP is a clear indicator of a short discharge memory of Pre-Alpine, Alpine and South Alpine Swiss catchments. Our study poses the question whether the impact of long-term precursory precipitation for floods in such catchments is not overestimated in the general perception. The results suggest that the consideration of a 3–4 days precipitation period should be sufficient to represent (understand, reconstruct, model, project) Swiss Alpine floods.
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de la Cruz, R. M., N. T. Olfindo Jr., M. M. Felicen, N. J. B. Borlongan, J. K. L. Difuntorum e J. J. S. Marciano Jr. "NEAR-REALTIME FLOOD DETECTION FROM MULTI-TEMPORAL SENTINEL RADAR IMAGES USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2020 (22 agosto 2020): 1663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2020-1663-2020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Flood extent delineation from RADAR images usually entails manual thresholding per scene, which is not feasible when tackling large-scale floods that often covers multiple RADAR scenes. It is also computationally intensive when processed through traditional remote sensing techniques that limit its use during emergency situations. To hasten the production of flood maps from RADAR images during flooding incidents, a deep learning model using Fully connected Convolutional Neural Network (FCNN) has been developed to delineate flooded areas with minimal human intervention. The model was formulated from the data gathered during a flooding event captured by both Sentinel-1A SAR satellite and Planet’s Dove optical satellites. Two pre-flood and one post-flood SAR scenes were used to detect the occurrence of water by analysing drops in backscatter values. The potential flood extents were verified using optical images which were then used to train the AI model. The model is currently being used operationally to map flood extent across the Philippines with no human intervention from data download to detection of flooded areas. The technique can detect floods across five Sentinel 1 scenes in less than four hours upon download of new satellite data.
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Dorin, G., C. Pricop, F. Stătescu, T. A. Hrăniciuc e D. Toma. "Mathematical modelling and numerical analysis of hydraulic system behaviour. A case study with application in HEC-RAS". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1256, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1256/1/012027.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The paper presents an analysis of floods within the Bahlueţ watershed. The city of Targu Frumos and its surroundings have suffered floods over the years causing significant damage. This study aims to map flooding in the area analysed, using the HEC-RAS hydraulic program. Results were obtained for 1%, 5%, 10%, 20% flood recurrence scenarios over a period of time with heavy rainfall. The results show that flooding occurred in all simulated events. The city of Targu Frumos was flooded when flood events with 1% and 5% probability were simulated. Based on the results obtained, predictions can be made regarding the extent of flooding in order to take additional measures for its prevention and control.
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Mustofa, Mustabsyirotul Ummah, Muhammad Ridlo Aulia, Rahmah Ramadhani e Karmeta Syahwan Nurfadillah. "The Flood Politicization and Social Media: Ecological Disaster, Satire, and the Contestation of the 2024 Indonesia Presidential Election on Twitter". JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 12, n. 1 (16 luglio 2022): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jispo.v12i1.14577.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As floods are common in Indonesia, social media are full of conversations about this annual disaster. When floods hit Jakarta, Central Java, South Kalimantan and other areas in early 2021, the most-talked issue in the conversations on social media, especially Twitter, was not about how environmental degradation causes the floods but rather about how the heads of the flooded areas are to compete in the upcoming presidential election. Using critical discourse analysis, this study seeks to explore discourses on the flood politicization related to the 2024 presidential election on Twitter. The results show that there are dominant and marginal discourses in the discussion of the flood issue. The dominant discourse is related to the image and ability of the regional heads to overcome the flood which is linked to his capacity as a presidential candidate in the 2024 election. Meanwhile, the marginal discourse is related to policies taken by regional heads in taking preventive actions and post-flood handling. This article shows findings as follows: first, floods as an ecological disaster which causes environmental management are not an important concern of the community as they are regarded as a common issue that happens every year; second, the flood issue was used to criticise the former governor in a satiric way; third, the flood issue was used as a momentum to test the popularity and electability of candidates for the presidential election as a result of the political division after the 2017 Jakarta Election and the 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election. This article argues that the political debate for the 2024 presidential election in Indonesia was more interesting than the awareness of environmental damage.
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Tiwari, Abhishek, Khurshid Parveen, Shivendra Kumar Singh e Manish Manar. "Urban Flood Relief Management in COVID-19 Pandemic". Indian Journal of Community Health 34, n. 2 (30 giugno 2022): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.028.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Urban floods were addressed as a separate disaster after the historical 2005 Mumbai floods. Urban flood peaks are 2-8 times and volume 6 times when compared with rural floods. We are now handling multiple disasters simultaneously due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. The river plains of north India are prone to floods in the monsoon season and geographical location of Prayagraj doubles the damage because it faces wrath from two sides. Very few researches have been conducted on urban floods and evidence needs to be generated from the field. Methodology: This qualitative research was planned with an objective to identify the difficulties faced in operating an urban flood relief camp during superimposed burden of COVID-19 Pandemic and to suggest remedial measures from the public health aspect. We conducted in-depth interviews of nodal officers, health staff and beneficiaries of the identified camps. Informed consent was taken from participant after explaining them about the research. Results: The findings from the interviews were categorized into 3phases of flood relief i.e. before the floods, during floods and lastly post flood. The most crucial work before floods is to spread awareness about do’s and don’ts in detail. Next was identification of the local people actually affected by flood. The space and facilities at few centers was low for the population load. Urban flood management needs a major overhauling of public health infrastructure to handle such disasters in future. Conclusion: The officials were working hard to make the homeless feel as if they are on a picnic. The database of beneficiaries should be strengthened and should also include students and labourers, anyone who is a flood victim and not only local flood victims.