Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Flashcrash"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Flashcrash"

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Bethel, E. Wes, David Leinweber, Oliver Rübel e Kesheng Wu. "Federal Market Information Technology in the Post–FlashCrash Era:Roles for Supercomputing". Journal of Trading 7, n. 2 (31 marzo 2012): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jot.2012.7.2.009.

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Marbun, Sariana, e Siti Nurhayatun. "Penggunaan Media Flashcard Sebagai Upaya Mengembangkan Kemampuan Bahasa Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun". Paedagogi: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (e-journal) 9, n. 1 (2 giugno 2023): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/paedagogi.v9i1.45327.

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Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK ABA 06 Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media flashcard terhadap kemampuan hahasa anak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelompok B di TK ABA 06 Medan Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022 yang terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas mawar sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas teratai sebagai kelas kontrol. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif (pengujian) melalui bentuk semu, dalam gambaran Postets OnlyControl Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua kelas yang memiliki karakteristik yang sama, yaitu kelas B1 (Mawar) dengan menggunakan media flashcrad dan kelas B2 (Teratai) dengan menggunakan media kartu huruf. Penentuan sampel kelas dilakukan secara acak(random) denagn jumlah sampel tiap kelas sebanyak 13 anak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan bahasa pada anak usia 5-6 tahun meningkat setelah menggunakan media flashcard. Kemampuan bahasa pada kelas eksperimen lebih meningkat daripada kemampuan bahasa di kelas kontrol. Perihal ini dapat diketahui dengan rata-rata kelompok eksperimen sebesar 3,46 sedangkan rata-rata kelompok kontrol sebesar 2,86 dengan selisih 0,6. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media flashcrad memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan bahasa anak dengan > yaitu 6,5 > 4. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan media flashcard terhadap kemampuan bahasa anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK ABA 06 Medan Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022.
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Aini, Rofiqotul, e Mutia Rahmi Maulina. "Pendampingan Pembelajaran Huruf Hijaiyah Menggunakan Media FlashCrad di TPQ Aisyiyah Kauman Wiradesa Pekalongan". Mujtama Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 3, n. 2 (13 novembre 2023): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/mujtama.v3i2.18441.

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Habibi, Nugroho. "The Use of Flashcards in Improving Vocabulary Mastery of Students with Disability". INKLUSI 4, n. 2 (3 dicembre 2017): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ijds.040203.

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This research comes from the weakness of vocabulary mastery of students with disability. This researcher used Classroom Action Research (CAR) in integrated classroom to improve vocabulary of the students with disability at the second grade of SMP Diponegoro, Junrejo, Batu in the academic year 2017/2018 by using flashcards. In this research, the researcher becomes a teacher while the English teacher becomes a volunteer or therapist to help, control and manage the class. The result of the study showed that before the implementation of flashcards, all students with disability’ score were under 75, with the lowest score was 50 and the highest score was 70. From six students with disability, no one passed Standard Minimum Criteria (KKM). Therefore, in the cycle 1, all students with disability passed Standard Minimum Criteria (KKM). The lowest score was 80 and the highest score was 100.[Penelitian ini berasal dari kelemahan kosakata siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Peneliti ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dikelas integrasi untuk meningkatkan kosakata siswa berkebutuhan khusus dikelas dua SMP Diponegoro, Junrejo, Batu tahun ajaran 2017/2018 dengan menggunanakan flashcards. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berperan menjadi guru sementara itu guru bahasa Inggris menjadi relawan atau terapi untuk membantu, mengontrol dan mengatur kelas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebelum implementasi flashcrads, nilai seluruh siswa berkebutuhan kusus dibawah 75, dengan nilai terrendah adalah 50 dan nilai tertinggi adalah 70. Dari enam siswa berkebutuhan khussu, tidak siswa ada yang melewati Kriteria ketuntatas minimal (KKM). Oleh karena itu, pada siklus 1, semua siswa berkebutuhan khusus melewati kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM). Dengan nilai terrendah 80 dan nilai tertinggi adalah 100.]
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Colbran, Stephen, Wayne Jones e John Milburn. "Comparing spaced repetition algorithms for legal digital flashcards". ASCILITE Publications, 20 novembre 2018, 92–102. https://doi.org/10.14742/apubs.2018.1923.

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Abstract (sommario):
This study compares two digital flashcard spaced repetition algorithms to evaluate whether the SuperMemo 2 (SM2) algorithm produces better outcomes for law student learning as measured by assessment results than the older Leitner algorithm. Academic staff prepared hundreds of digital flashcards related to an undergraduate law unit – Introduction to law. Undergraduate law students (n=47) were randomly assigned flashcards using two variations of a software program FlashCram, one version of which used a simple Leitner algorithm, another version the SM2 algorithm for spaced repetition. Students completed three practical assignments, two worth 10%, one worth 20%. and a theoretical examination worth 60% of their final grade. The results confirmed SuperMemo 2 to be a superior algorithm over Leitner with respect to the theoretical examination. There was no significant difference between the algorithms for practical assessment that was skills based, not dependent on memory and not subject to any significant time pressure. The results suggest that the usefulness of spaced repetition digital flashcard systems for legal studies may depend upon the nature of the assessment task.
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Tesi sul tema "Flashcrash"

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Aubrun, Cécilia. "Unraveling Financial Market Quakes : Exploring Endogenous Volatility Dynamics in Interconnected Markets". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX066.

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Le rôle des mécanismes de rétroaction dans la création d’instabilités sur des marchés financiers a largement été étudié dans la littérature. L’endogénéité de la volatilité et de l'activité des marchés a effectivement conduit à plusieurs krachs notoires. Le plus connu, le flash crash du 6 mai 2010, illustre comment les instabilités du marché découlent de ses caractéristiques intrinsèques. En effet, c’est une exécution excessivement rapide d’ordres de vente qui a déclenché la chute rapide suivie d’une remontée du S&Pmini en moins d'une heure. De plus, les instabilités des marchés sont accentuées par leur nature multidimensionnelle et leur connectivité, comme le montre la propagation de la volatilité à travers divers actifs financiers lors d'événements tels que le flash crash mentionné ci-dessus. En effet, le 6 mai 2010, le flash crash du S&Pmini a affecté 300 autres actifs.Cette thèse étudie empiriquement et théoriquement l’endogénéité des mouvements de prix en multi-dimension.Dans un premier temps, nous cherchons à caractériser les sauts de prix empiriques. Basés sur des recherches interdisciplinaires montrant que l'asymétrie temporelle peut être utilisée pour classer les sauts d'activité comme exogènes ou endogènes, nous développons une nouvelle méthode, non supervisée, basée sur des coefficients d'ondelettes (particulièrement adaptés pour refléter l'asymétrie temporelle) afin de mesurer la réflexivité des sauts de prix univariés. Par ailleurs, notre représentation a révélé que le retour à la moyenne et l’alignement avec la tendance sont deux caractéristiques supplémentaires, permettant d'identifier de nouvelles classes de sauts. Enfin, cette représentation permet d'étudier les propriétés réflexives des co-sauts, définis par des sauts de prix simultanés (au cours de la même minute) de plusieurs actifs. Il apparaît qu'une fraction significative des co-sauts résulte d'un mécanisme de contagion endogène. Ainsi, l'événement du 6 mai n'était pas un incident isolé, et des dynamiques endogènes couplées avec une forte connectivité contribuent aux instabilités des marchés.Parallèlement, nous étudions le modèle du Hawkes quadratique (QHawkes), utilisé pour décrire la volatilité à haute fréquence. Les processus QHawkes sont des processus de Poisson qui, par l'expression de leur intensité, décrivent l'influence du passé sur la probabilité de l'activité future. Des travaux antérieurs ont montré que le modèle QHawkes univarié reproduit plusieurs caractéristiques empiriques : les queues épaisses des distributions, le regroupement temporel de la volatilité et l'asymétrie temporelle (effets de levier et effet Zumbach). En outre, des résultats supplémentaires sur la stabilité des processus de QHawkes sont discutés, montrant que la rétroaction quadratique peut induire des événements extrêmes tout en restant stable grâce à l’équilibre les réalisations inhibitrices et excitatrices.Pour étudier le caractère multidimensionnel des marchés, nous étendons le modèle QHawkes à plusieurs dimensions, en considérant plusieurs actifs et leurs interactions croisées. Un cadre multi-actifs nécessite la prise en compte de faits stylisés supplémentaires, tels que la prévalence des co-sauts et les effets d'asymétrie temporelle croisés. En effet, ce travail met en lumière les effets de levier et de Zumbach croisés. En développant deux modèles, nous montrons que le modèle QHawkes multivarié (MQHawkes) peut reproduire les faits empiriques observés sur les marchés financiers. La calibration du modèle sur des paires d'actifs confirme que les marchés sont au bord de l'instabilité.Pour compléter, un autre modèle multivarié de volatilité dépendante de la trajectoire est étudié : le Nested Factor Model avec des processus log-SfBM comme volatilités. Ce modèle permet de réconcilier les différences de rugosité entre les indices et les actions, offrant de nouvelles perspectives sur les dynamiques de la volatilité multivariée
Past research has highlighted that feedback mechanisms underlie many financial markets instabilities. Endogenous dynamics of markets volatility and activity have indeed led to various notable crashes. Case in point: the events of May 6th, 2010, commonly referred to as the 2010 flash crash, exemplify how market instabilities stem from intrinsic features of financial markets. As evidence, an excessively rapid execution of sell orders triggered the rapid decline and subsequent recovery of the S&Pmini within the span of an hour. Moreover, market instabilities are compounded by their multidimensional nature and interconnectedness, as demonstrated by the propagation of volatility across diverse financial assets during events like the aforementioned flashcrash. Indeed, on May 6th, 2010, the S&Pmini flash crash affected 300 other assets alongside the S&Pmini.This thesis presents both a data-driven approach and a theoretical approach to investigate the endogenous nature of price movements within a multivariate framework.Our data-driven approach aims to characterize empirical price jumps. Leveraging interdisciplinary research suggesting that the time-asymmetry of activity can be used to classify bursts of activity as exogenous or endogenous, we develop a new unsupervised method based on wavelet coefficients (particularly suitable to reflect time asymmetry) to measure reflexivity of univariate price jumps. On top of that, our wavelet-based representation revealed that mean-reversion and trend are two additional key features, permitting identification of new classes of jumps. Furthermore, this representation allows to investigate the reflexive properties of co-jumps, defined by multiple stocks experiencing price jumps within the same minute. We argue that a significant fraction of co-jumps results from an endogenous contagion mechanism. Thus, May 6th event was not an isolated incident, and the interplay of endogenous dynamics alongside high levels of interconnectedness contributes to the instabilities observed within markets.Concomitantly, our theoretical inquiry focuses on the quadratic Hawkes (QHawkes) framework, originally introduced to describe volatility dynamics at tick-by-tick level. QHawkes processes are Poisson processes, which, through the expression of their intensity, depict the influence of the past on the probability of future activity. Previous work has proved that the univariate QHawkes model replicates several empirical features of financial time series, including fat tails of the returns’ distribution, volatility clustering and the time asymmetry effects (leverage and Zumbach effects). Indeed, the supplementary quadratic and leverage feedback allow to overcome the limitations of the original (linear) Hawkes framework. Besides, additional results on the stability of QHawkes processes are discussed, showing that the quadratic feedback can induce extreme events while staying stable by balancing inhibitory and excitatory realizations. To explore market interconnectedness, we extend QHawkes processes into multidimensional settings, encompassing several assets and their cross-interactions. A multi-assets framework necessitates consideration of additional stylized facts, such as the prevalence of co-jumps and cross time asymmetry effects. Indeed, this work sheds light on the cross leverage and cross Zumbach effects. Developing two frameworks, we show that the multivariate QHawkes (MQHawkes) can reproduce the empirical facts observed in financial markets. Calibrating the model on asset pairs further confirms that markets operate on the brink of instability.To be thorough, another multivariate, path-dependent volatility model is studied: the nested factor model with log-SfBM processes as volatilities. Our findings suggest that this framework reconciles differences in roughness between indices and stocks, offering further insights into the dynamics of multivariate volatility
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