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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Finance, 1907"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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1

ODELL, KERRY A., e MARC D. WEIDENMIER. "Real Shock, Monetary Aftershock: The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and the Panic of 1907". Journal of Economic History 64, n. 4 (dicembre 2004): 1002–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050704043062.

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In April 1906 the San Francisco earthquake and fire caused damage equal to more than 1 percent of GNP. Although the real effect of this shock was localized, it had an international financial impact: large amounts of gold flowed into the country in autumn 1906 as foreign insurers paid claims on their San Francisco policies out of home funds. This outflow prompted the Bank of England to discriminate against American finance bills and, along with other European central banks, to raise interest rates. These policies pushed the United States into recession and set the stage for the Panic of 1907.San Francisco's $200,000,000 “ash heap” involves complications which will be felt on all financial markets for many months to come [and] the payment of losses sustained … represents a financial undertaking of far-reaching magnitude….The Financial Times [London], 6 July 1906

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2

Cordero, Carolina Fernández. "Prim y La de los tristes destinos, dos Episodios nacionales para pensar la revolución". Anales Galdosianos 58, n. 1 (2023): 108–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ang.2023.a914815.

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Resumen: Entre 1906 y 1907, Benito Pérez Galdós completa la cuarta serie de sus Episodios nacionales con Prim y La de los tristes destinos . En ellos Galdós revisa la gestación y consolidación de la Revolución del 68 para establecer un diálogo con las tensiones históricas presentes e indagar en el concepto de revolución y sus posibilidades de materialización. Las novelas, además, examinan no solo la realidad política e ideológica de ambos momentos, sino también su “estructura del sentir”, siguiendo a Raymond Williams. ¿Cómo interpela la revolución a la sociedad de 1906–1907? ¿Cómo se enfrenta un pueblo agitado políticamente a este concepto? ¿Qué emociones despierta y para qué? A fin de responder a estas cuestiones, el presente trabajo propone un acercamiento a Prim y La de los tristes destinos desde la historia política, ideológica y de los afectos, en la que emociones como el miedo, la esperanza, la tristeza, etc. se muestran en el centro del concepto de revolución, son parte de la estructura del sentir del momento y contribuyen a la creación de un nuevo sujeto político definido por la ética del deseo y la acción política. Abstract: Between 1906–1907, Benito Pérez Galdós completed his Fourth Series of Episodios nacionales with Prim and La de los tristes destinos . As usual, Galdós was motivated by reflecting on and intervening in contemporary events, like the Moroccan War. By revisiting the 1868 Revolution, Galdós establishes a dialogue between past and present. The novels investigate the exile of Isabel II and the consolidation of the Revolution while also exploring the concept of revolution in early twenieth-century Spain. Galdós connects with both eras’ political, ideological, and affective dimensions. How does revolution challenge society? What emotions does it provoke? Galdós answers by depicting the “structure of feeling” - the fears, hopes, and sadness central to the revolutionary concept and political subject. In summary, Prim and La de los tristes destinos link the 1868 Revolution to contemporary debates through multidimensional history. Galdós probes the emotion and psychology of revolution to better understand Spain’s past, present, and future. The novels show revolution as a political event and an experience shaping national consciousness and destiny.

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3

Wilson, Berry K. "On the information content of ratings: an analysis of the origin of Moody's stock and bond ratings". Financial History Review 18, n. 2 (27 aprile 2011): 155–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565011000072.

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John Moody published his first railroad security analysis and ratings manual in April 1909. This study analyzes several current issues by looking back at Moody's original intentions for constructing a ratings system. The study analyzes whether Moody intended his ratings to reflect his private information, or rather, to serve some alternative role, as with monitoring conflicts of interests or realizing informational economies of scale. The study uses an ordinal regression approach to evaluate a set of explanatory variables, constructed from both the manual itself and the panic months of 1907, to test the potential information content of Moody's ratings. At the time of Moody's first rating system, the illiquidity of the US Treasury market forced investors to seek alternative ‘high-quality’ securities. Indeed, Moody rated 38.94 percent of railroad bonds as Aaa, and rated 85.25 percent of railroad bonds as A, Aa or Aaa in his universe of railroad bonds rated. To further test the informational content of Moody's ratings, the study pursues a structural default analysis during the panic year of 1907, which yields results that indicate that the default risk of railroad securities was quite low at the time. These results provide justification for the high overall ratings that Moody assigned to railroad securities, and thus their role as near risk-free securities. Therefore, railroad securities, and Moody's ratings, played a particularly important role in the financial system at the time.

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4

Maiorova, Natalya S., e Artem Ed Maiorov. "The Far East in Russian foreign policy according to “Memoirs” by S.Yu. Witte". Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, n. 2 (12 ottobre 2023): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-2-18-23.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of “Memoirs” by S.Yu. Witte in the context of the study of the Far Eastern policy of the Russian Empire and contradictions between Russia and Japan, which had been growing only to cause the war of 1904-1905. S.Yu. Witte was a member of the political elite of Russia in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries and, as Minister of Finance and Chairman of the Committee of Ministers, he was involved in critical decisions on domestic and foreign policy matters. Witte's memoirs reflected his meetings with the Russian and German emperors, Japanese and Chinese statesmen, members of the imperial family, and ministers for the Russian Far East. This information is of great value, containing numerous details, lengthy descriptions and personal observations related to the penetration of Russia into China and the acquisition of new bases for the Pacific Navy. The reverse side of the memoirs is their subjectivity and the author's desire in a special way to emphasise his own historical correctness, despite the erroneous opinions and short-sightedness of Emperor Nicholas II and his ministers. S.Yu. Witte repeatedly reproached the political elite for inconsistency in actions, unwillingness to comply with the obligations assumed, and underestimation of the enemy. All these miscalculations had catastrophic consequences in the form of Russia's defeat by the Japanese and the attempted Revolution of 1905-1907.

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Moen, Jon, e Ellis Tallman. "Outside lending in the New York City call loan market: evidence from the Panic of 1907". Financial History Review 26, n. 1 (29 marzo 2019): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096856501800015x.

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Before the Panic of 1907 the large New York City banks were able to maintain the call loan market's liquidity during panics, but the rise in outside lending by trust companies and interior banks in the decade leading up the panic weakened the influence of the large banks. Creating a reliable source of liquidity and reserves external to the financial market like a central bank became obvious after the panic. In the call loan market, like the REPO market in 2008, lack of information on the identity of lenders and volume of the market hindered attempts to stop panic-related depositor withdrawals. Our new estimates of who was participating in the call loan market reveal that it did not contract after 1907; while the trust companies became less important, the New York national banks and outside lenders more than made up the difference.

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6

BOIANOVSKY, MAURO. "WICKSELL ON THE AMERICAN CRISIS OF 1907". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 33, n. 2 (31 maggio 2011): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837211000022.

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The article discusses Knut Wicksell’s interpretation of the American crisis of 1907, which he presented in a piece published in Swedish in 1908. Wicksell advanced, probably for the first time in the literature, a clear distinction between the “solvency” and “liquidity” of banks, and discussed its implications for the interpretation of crises. Moreover, he called attention to a third desirable attribute of a bank: “flexibility”; that is, the ability to satisfy credit demand at an adequate rate of interest. Wicksell linked that with his better known concept of the cumulative process and the stabilization policy associated with it.

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7

Rocchi, T. "The Western Provinces of the Russian Empire in the Revolution of 1905-1907: Elements of Regional Uniqueness and Civil War". Izvestiya of Altai State University, n. 3(131) (11 luglio 2023): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)3-04.

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This article examines the elements of regional identity and civil war in nine western provinces of the Russian Empire during the Revolution of 1905-1907. Unlike the inner Russian provinces, the western provinces were multinational and polyconfessional, despite the fact that Russian nationalists considered them to be native Russian lands. On the territory of the western provinces, mass protest movements took place, combining ethnic, religious and social conflicts, often leading to outbreaks of terrorism. The lands that were part of the Commonwealth in the historical past were perceived as a kind of transit zone between Russia and the Kingdom of Poland (Vistula provinces), and their integration into the Russian Empire was not completed. Numerous revolutionary, anti-revolutionary and counter-revolutionary movements with the participation of many political parties and movements of various kinds had a strong influence on the socio-political development of nine provinces. Attempts by the central and local authorities to suppress conflicts by various methods and the scale of manifestations of violence were inherent in the outskirts of the Empire during the revolution, as a result of which features of originality appeared in the western provinces. In addition, historical parallels can be drawn with regional outbreaks of violence during the French Revolution. The author offers the opportunity to compare the western provinces as the "Black Hundred Vendee" of the period of the revolution of 19051907. on the types of conflicts and the level of violence with the south of France (Midi) of the French Revolution and compare the social, ethnic and religious conflicts of the western provinces of the period of the revolution of 1905-1907. with the events in the Austrian Empire during the revolutionary period of 1848-1849.

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Bezgin, V. B. "PEASANT CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN THE AGRARIAN PROTESTS OF 1905–1907". Russian Peasant Studies 8, n. 3 (2023): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2500-1809-2023-8-3-63-77.

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9

Miranti, Paul J. "Innovation's Golden Triangle: Finance, Regulation, and Science at the Bell System, 1877–1940". Business History Review 90, n. 2 (2016): 277–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680515001373.

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This article explains how the Bell System succeeded during the presidency of Theodore N. Vail (1907–1919) in reversing a declining business trend by laying the foundations for sustained technological achievement through the development of an operating model that satisfied corporate imperatives related to finance, regulation, and research. By exploiting the potentials of rate-base regulation, Bell was able to create strong scientific capabilities that supported the growth of what became arguably the world's premier telecommunications system. The legacy of these efforts includes the winning of seven Nobel Prizes by Bell scientists, an achievement unequaled by any other industrial laboratory.

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10

Misiuna, Jan. "Zarys historii regulacji finansowania kampanii wyborczych w USA". Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, n. 1 (29 novembre 2011): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2011.1.8.

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The article presents the history of the US campaign finance law. It describes acts passed by the Congress, starting from the Tillman Act of 1907, followed among others by Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 and finished with McCain-Feingold Act of 2002. There are also described the most important decisions of the US Supreme Court related to the campaign finance including Newberry vs. United States (256 U. S. 232 (1921)), Buckley v. Valeo (424 U. S. 1 (1976)), McConnell v. Federal Election Commission (540 U. S. 93 (2003)) Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (130 S. Ct. 876 (2010)) of 2010. The paper also how has changed the attitude of the Supreme Court towards campaign finance regulation The article also recalls the historical events, such as Teapot Dome Scandal and Watergate, that were important stimuli for passing new law by the Congress. The background of the Supreme Court decisions is also provided.

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James, Harold. "Networks and financial war: the brothers Warburg in the first age of globalization". Financial History Review 27, n. 3 (5 novembre 2020): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565020000141.

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This article examines the geo-economic consequences of the financial panic of October 1907. The vulnerability of the United States, but also of Germany, contrasted with the absence of a crisis in Great Britain. The experience showed the fast-growing industrial powers the desirability of mobilizing financial power, and the article examines the contributions of two influential brothers, Max and Paul Warburg, on different sides of the Atlantic. The discussion led to the establishment of a central bank in the United States and institutional improvements in German central banking: in both cases security as well as economic considerations played a substantial role.

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12

Dockès, Pierre. "Les recettes fordistes et les marmites de l'histoire : (1907-1993)". Revue économique 44, n. 3 (1993): 485–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reco.1993.409461.

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Dockès, Pierre, e Pierre Dockes. "Les recettes fordistes et les marmites de l'histoire (1907-1993)". Revue économique 44, n. 3 (maggio 1993): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3502153.

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Dockès, Pierre. "Les recettes fordistes et les marmites de l'histoire : (1907-1993)". Revue économique 44, n. 3 (1 maggio 1993): 485–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reco.p1993.44n3.0485.

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15

Song, Yutong. "The Impact of Environmental Information Disclosure on Enterprise Value". BCP Business & Management 25 (30 agosto 2022): 776–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v25i.1907.

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The construction of ecological civilization and the development of green finance have gradually become the theme of the times, so it is particularly important for enterprises to gradually realize voluntary scientific environmental information disclosure. This paper examines the "U" curve relationship between the quality of environmental information disclosure and enterprise value, as well as the moderating effects of institutional shareholding ratio and nature of ownership, using heavy pollution enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen of A-shares from 2015 to 2019 as a research sample. The results show that the relationship between environmental information disclosure and enterprise value of heavy polluters has a relationship of positive "U"-shaped curve; institutional shareholding has a positive moderating effect on the value effect of environmental information disclosure; the nature of ownership shows significant heterogeneity in the effect of environmental information disclosure on enterprise value, and the "U"-shaped value effect of environmental information disclosure of non-SOEs has a positive effect on the value effect of environmental information disclosure of heavy pollute enterprises. The "U"-shaped value effect of environmental information disclosure is more significant for non-SOEs. In further research, this paper conducts robustness analysis of enterprise value, monetary environmental information disclosure and non-monetary environmental information disclosure and endogeneity test. The findings of the study provide empirical evidence for improving the environmental information disclosure system and strengthening the supervision of SOEs, and also provide useful references for enterprises to comprehensively understand the value effect of environmental information disclosure, establish a management mechanism for enterprise environmental information disclosure and correctly view the importance of institutional investors.

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Jang, Shin. "Suppression of the Right to Assembly and Association and the Relevant Laws in Early 20th-Century Korea". Critical Studies on Modern Korean History 49 (30 novembre 2022): 141–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36432/csmkh.49.202211.4.

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Myers, Cayce, e Ruthann Lariscy. "Corporate PR in a post-Citizens United world". Journal of Communication Management 18, n. 2 (29 aprile 2014): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-01-2013-0001.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the historical evolution of campaign finance laws and suggest the legal implications for public relations practitioners after the US Supreme Court's decision in Citizens United v. FEC. Design/methodology/approach – The approach of this paper examines appellate case law and federal statutes to provide a legal analysis of the history of campaign finance laws and potential impact on public relations practitioners. Findings – This research provides an overview of the evolution of campaign finance case law and federal statues in the USA and provides analysis of how the 2010 Citizens United case and a recent 2012 case, American Trade Partnership, are altering both the political and corporate landscapes. By allowing far greater contribution rights to corporations than any time since 1907, Citizens United is changing the role corporations may directly play in elections at all levels. Implications for how these changes may affect corporate public relations practitioners both professionally and ethically are discussed. Practical implications – In a post-Citizens United era, corporate PR may now legally be engaged with many forms of highly political communications. Corporate PR may have a more political tone and ethical dilemmas may face practitioners who may be legally asked to perform communications tactics that are at odds with their political values. Originality/value – Despite the academic analysis of Citizens United no study has evaluated the effect Citizens United and campaign finance laws on public relations practice.

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Fusthane, Olwetu, e Kapingura F. M. "Weak Form Market Efficiency of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Pre, During and Post the 2008 Global Financial Crisis". Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, n. 5(J) (20 ottobre 2017): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i5(j).1907.

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The importance of the efficiency of the stock market cannot be underestimated, given the critical role the stock market plays through brings together those who demand and supply development finance. It is against this background that this study focused on analysing the weak form efficiency of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange for the period 2005 to 2016 utilising several methodologies which include unit root tests, autocorrelation test and variance ratio. The empirical results from unit root tests indicated that the null hypothesis of a random walk could not be rejected. The same also applied to the autocorrelation test and variance ratio test except for a few instances. Thus irrespective of the few instances which represent the inefficiency of the market, to a greater extent there is evidence of the market being weak form efficient. Thus even though the work done towards ensuring that the market is efficient is commendable, there is need to ensure that further steps are taken to enhance the efficiency of the market. This is, to some extent suggest that investors are able to make abnormal profits from the market.

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BROADBERRY, STEPHEN, e CARSTEN BURHOP. "Resolving the Anglo-German Industrial Productivity Puzzle, 1895–1935: A Response to Professor Ritschl". Journal of Economic History 68, n. 3 (settembre 2008): 930–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050708000685.

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This response offers a critical appraisal of the claim of Albrecht Ritschl to have found a possible resolution to what he calls the Anglo-German industrial productivity puzzle, which arose as the result of a new industrial production index produced in an earlier paper by the same author. Projection back from a widely accepted 1935/36 benchmark using the Ritschl index showed German industrial labor productivity in 1907 substantially higher than in Britain. This presented a puzzle for at least two reasons. First, other comparative information from the pre—World War I period, such as wages, seems difficult to square with much higher German labor productivity at this time. Second, a direct benchmark estimate produced by Stephen Broadberry and Carsten Burhop, using production census information for Britain and industrial survey material of similar quality for Germany, suggested broadly equal labor productivity in 1907. Broadberry and Burhop also showed that if Walther Hoffmann's industrial output index was used instead of the Ritschl index for Germany, the puzzle largely disappeared.

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Zasuwa, Grzegorz, Agnieszka Marek, Grzegorz Wesolowski e Joanna Niewiadoma. "Consumer Activism in Times of Economic Crisis and Recovery: A Cross-Country aAnalysis of the Role of Social Capital in Boycotting Products". EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIII, Special Issue 2 (1 novembre 2020): 928–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1907.

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Moen, Jon, e Ellis W. Tallman. "The Bank Panic of 1907: The Role of Trust Companies". Journal of Economic History 52, n. 3 (settembre 1992): 611–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700011414.

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The Bank Panic of 1907 was one of the most severe financial crises in the United States before the Great Depression. Although contemporaries realized that the panic in New York City was centered at trust companies, subsequent research has relied heavily on national bank data. Balance sheet data for trust companies and state banks as well as call reports of national banks indicate that the contraction of loans and deposits in New York City during the panic was confined to the trust companies.

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Pérez-Caldentey, Esteban. "Economists in Cambridge. A Study through their Correspondence, 1907–1946". Review of Political Economy 21, n. 3 (luglio 2009): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538250903090424.

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Enflo, Kerstin, e Tobias Karlsson. "From conflict to compromise: the importance of mediation in Swedish work stoppages 1907–1927". European Review of Economic History 23, n. 3 (19 ottobre 2018): 268–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hey023.

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Abstract Institutions for prevention and resolution of industrial conflicts were introduced all over the world in the early twentieth century. We use a new dataset of geocoded strikes and lockouts to analyze the impact of mediation on conflict outcomes in Sweden for the period 1907–1927. Causality is identified by using the distance from the mediator’s place of residence to the conflict as an instrument. Despite the mediators’ limited authority we find that their involvement in a conflict resulted in about 30 percent higher probability of a compromise. The results add support to institutionalist accounts of the origins of the Swedish Model.

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Korzeniewicz, Roberto P. "Labor Unrest in Argentina, 1887–1907". Latin American Research Review 24, n. 3 (1989): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100023001.

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This article will examine the development of labor unrest in Argentina between 1887 and 1907. Because official statistics were not compiled until after 1907, new data on strikes have been generated for the earlier period through a detailed reading of newspapers. These data provide information on the occupational and geographical distribution of strikes, their timing, and the kinds of demands made by strikers. The new data also provide helpful insights into the nature of labor organizations and the causes of labor unrest. Most important, these data indicate that changes in the organization of the workplace were a significant factor in altering the composition of demand for labor and in generating labor unrest. Finally, they show that the organization of the workplace also accounted for significant differences in the forms of action and organization adopted by various sectors of the labor force. Hence insofar as the position of different groups of workers in the labor market was itself shaped by the nature of the labor process and workplace relations, the transformation of these spheres constitutes an important analytical point of departure for explaining the central features of the emerging labor movement.

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Fuller, Edward. "Keynes and the Ethics of Socialism". AERC Papers and Proceedings 2019 22, n. 2 (24 settembre 2019): 139–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35297/qjae.010010.

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This paper examines John Maynard Keynes’s ethical theory and how it relates to his politico-economic thought. Keynes’s ethical theory represents an attack on all general rules. Since capitalism is a rule-based social system, Keynes’s ethical theory is incompatible with capitalism. And since socialism rejects the general rules of private property, the Keynesian ethical theory is consistent with socialism. The unexplored evidence presented here confirms Keynes advocated a consistent form of non-Marxist socialism from no later than 1907 until his death in 1946. However, Keynes’s ethical theory is flawed because it is based on his defective logical theory of probability. Consequently, Keynes’s ethical theory is not a viable ethical justification for socialism.

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Kwok, Aaron. "Research on the application of Markov chain". Theoretical and Natural Science 11, n. 1 (17 novembre 2023): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/11/20230395.

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In modern times, mathematicians are often troubled by new approaches to deducing the outcomes of certain events. The introduction of Markov models eliminated queries across different sectors. In 1907, Russian mathematician Andrey Markov proposed the concept of Markov chains. It has been widely used in many aspects, such as weather prediction, deep learning, biological information, and so on. Therefore, this paper examines how the Markov chain model can be applied in a variety of situations. This study uses Python as a supporting tool to simulate states and possible outcomes. It can be concluded that Python is able to simulate the state transitions of the Markov chain. The paper also identifies the differences between Markov models, their application in common scenarios such as medical, finance, weather forecasting, machine learning and others in our everyday life and why they are so popularly used, including the simplicity of the model and more.

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Rodgers, Mary Tone, e James E. Payne. "How the Bank of France Changed U.S. Equity Expectations and Ended the Panic of 1907". Journal of Economic History 74, n. 2 (16 maggio 2014): 420–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205071400031x.

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Using an event study approach, we find the announcement by the Bank of France in 1907 to accelerate gold payments directly for U.S. crops is associated with the ultimate upturn in U.S. equity prices. Spillover to the French financial markets accompanied the Regents’ decision to release sterilized reserves, thereby arresting the drainage of coin in French circulation. Counterfactual analysis shows that the facility alone would have been unlikely to end the crisis. Investors may have revised equity expectations upward, recognizing that the acceleration in reliable seasonal gold flows would relieve monetary stringency.

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Uhr, Carl G. "Erik Lundberg and Dynamic Economics a Review Article". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 12, n. 2 (1990): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001747.

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Erik Lundberg, 1907 to 1987, was the last and one of the best of the 1930s vintage of Stockholm School economists. His Studies in the Theory of Economic Expansion, hereafter cited as Studies, represented a significant advance in dynamic theorizing but has scarcely received any attention outside Sweden. The purpose of this essay is acquaint modern economists with Lundbergs achievement.

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Neal, Larry. "Integration of International Capital Markets: Quantitative Evidence from the Eighteenth to Twentieth Centuries". Journal of Economic History 45, n. 2 (giugno 1985): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205070003388x.

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The integration of capital markets is usually tested with an interest rate arbitrage model even though much different financial assets must be compared. This paper compares prices of identical assets that are traded simultaneously in two or more markets. The range, average level, and time series pattern of the differences can be used to infer threshold levels, transaction cost levels, and the efficiency of arbitrage operations, respectively.Examples are given for financial crises from 1745 to 1907, using prices from the London, Amsterdam, Paris, and New York stock exchanges. These show European capital markets to be well integrated by mid-eighteenth century.

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Aldrighi, Dante Mendes, e Flávio A. M. de Saes. "Financing pioneering railways in São Paulo: the idiossyncratic case of the estrada de Ferro Sorocabana (1872- 1919)". Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo) 35, n. 1 (marzo 2005): 133–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-41612005000100005.

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The history of the Estrada de Ferro Sorocabana is highly idiosyncratic. Owned and run successively by Brazilian businessmen, the federal government, and the government of the State of São Paulo, it would be rented out to a foreign company over the period 1907-1919. When it began operating, coffee did not represent a significant share of its overall freight receipt, and even later it would not achieve the relevance it did in Mogiana and Paulista, considered the typical "coffee railways." Unlike these two profitable companies, Sorocabana remained in dire financial straits almost throughout the period 1872-1919. This paper focuses on what lay behind its financial distress. The literature on pioneering railway companies in Brazil emphasises that profitability hinged on the type of ownership as well as on whether coffee was the main source of freight receipt. Besides this, the following hypotheses are evaluated: oversanguine expectations about future cash flows; poor management; shortage of governance engendered by its financing structure; bad luck; and bad governmental policy.

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CAZAN, Florinel-Ciprian. "THE SECULAR CREATION OF COMPOSER GHEORGHE DANGA". International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on the Dialogue between Sciences & Arts, Religion & Education 6, n. 6 (15 novembre 2022): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/mcdsare.2022.6.60-68.

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Gheorghe Danga is a well-known composer in our church for his religious works. A large part of his creațion includes many secular and patriotic compozițions. This article aims to detail this aspect, starting with the compozitions of his teenage years, since he begun to compose since the age of 16-17. He composed many reference folklore works that are sung a lot in our country and even in othersat various festivals or choral competitions. Also, patriotic compozitions had a special place in his work, the most important being the „Choral suite 190”, the largest among his creațions, a work who captures the events of the peasant uprising of 1907. Of course, to be complete as a composer, he wrote some songs for children, and also instrumental and vocal-instrumental works, and choirs with orchestra. So I consider that it is absolutely needed that his entire compozitional work to be known, in order to have a complete image of the Composer Gheorghe Danga.

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Dorfman, Robert. "Austrian and American Capital Theories: A Contrast of Cultures". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 17, n. 1 (1995): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200002273.

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Controversies about capital, its role in the economy, and its claims for reward are still very much with us. Though the exchanges are often heated, all the contestants' are descended from either of two monumental works of about a century ago: Eugen von Bohm-Bawerk's Positive Theory of Capital (1889) and Irving Fisher's The Rate of Interest (1907). This essay inquires: in what respects are these two theories the same? In what respects do they differ? And why?

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Fernandez-Roca, Fco Javier, e Jesús D. López-Manjón. "Exportaciones y exportadores de aceite de oliva desde el puerto de Sevilla (circa 1870-1935)". América Latina en la Historia Económica 31, n. 2 (21 febbraio 2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18232/20073496.1399.

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El artículo contribuye a paliar dos carencias de la historiografía sobre las exportaciones del aceite de oliva español. Primero, estudia la evolución de las mismas desde el puerto de Sevilla comprobando su creciente importancia desde 1907 hasta los años 20 cuando se consolida como el más importante de España, especialmente en exportaciones bajo marca. Sobre dichas exportaciones, se estudian su evolución cuantitativa, los principales destinos y los tipos de envases utilizados para determinar cuánto se exportaba bajo marca. En segundo lugar, se analizan las empresas que exportaban desde Sevilla, desde finales del XIX, aplicando los planteamientos de las born-global firms. Así se investigan sus procedimientos internacionalizadores, sus estrategias marquistas, el compromiso inversor de las familias propietarias, su capacidad industrial y los procesos de integración que emprendieron. Se han incorporado en la investigación fuentes alternativas a las hasta ahora mayoritariamente usadas en la historia del sector olivarero español.

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Rodgers, Mary T., e James E. Payne. "Post‐financial crisis changes in financial system structure: An examination of the J.P. Morgan & Co. Syndicates after the 1907 Panic". Review of Financial Economics 38, S1 (marzo 2020): 226–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rfe.1084.

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35

Nern, Thomas. "Der preußische Landrat als wirtschaftspolitischer Faktor: Eine Fallstudie zum Kreis Westhavelland 1893–1907". Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte 98, n. 3 (2011): 281–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/vswg-2011-0007.

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36

PHIMISTER, IAN. "Foreign Devils, Finance and Informal Empire: Britain and China c. 1900–1912". Modern Asian Studies 40, n. 3 (luglio 2006): 737–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002174.

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‘An imperial policy is essentially a commercial policy’(Charles Addis, 1905)‘Look at the way we have swindled the Chinese in the case of the Pekin Syndicate and still worse in the case of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company’(G.E. Morrison, 1906)

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37

Marcuzzo, Maria Cristina. "The US Financial System and its Crises. From the 1907 Panic to the 2007 Crash". Review of Political Economy 32, n. 3 (2 luglio 2020): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538259.2020.1785685.

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38

Mehrotra, Ajay K., e Joseph J. Thorndike. "From Programmatic Reform to Social Science Research: The National Tax Association and the Promise and Perils of Disciplinary Encounters". Law & Society Review 45, n. 3 (settembre 2011): 593–630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5893.2011.00445.x.

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This article uses the history of the National Tax Association (NTA), the leading twentieth‐century organization of tax professionals, to strengthen our empirical understanding of the disciplinary encounter between law and the social sciences. Building on existing sociolegal scholarship, this article explores how the NTA embodied tax law's ambivalent historical interaction with public economics. Since its founding in 1907, the NTA has changed dramatically from an eclectic and catholic organization of tax professionals with a high public profile to an insular, scholarly association of mainly academic public finance economists. Using a mix of quantitative and qualitative historical evidence, we contend that the transformation in the NTA's mission and output can be explained by the increasing professionalization and specialization of tax knowledge, and by the dominant role that public economics has played in shaping that knowledge. This increasing specialization allowed the NTA to secure its position as a bastion of scholarly tax research. But that achievement came at a cost to the organization's broader civic mission. This article is thus a historical account of how two competing professional disciplines—tax law and public economics—have interacted within a particular organizational field, namely the research and analysis of tax law and policy.

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Rulka, Ks Kazimierz. "Uważał, że w Szadku może zrobić najwięcej – ksiądz Jan Julian Wiatr". Biuletyn Szadkowski 10 (30 dicembre 2010): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1643-0700.10.01.

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Father Jan Julian Wiatr (1907–1983) had already spent 17 years in pastoral work before he became the vicar in Szadek: first as curate and prefect in Lipno (1933–1934), then as priest among Polish emigrants in France (1934–1947) and as administrator of the parishes of Chojne and D browa Wielka (1947–1950). The next 17 years of pastoral work in Szadek are the most effective period of his life. His main concern was ministration to his parishioners and provision of religious educations to all children and young people, which was extremely difficult at that time after banning religion from schools by communist authorities. In the years 1956–1958 he was struggling to establish pastoral centres in Prusinowice and Suchoczasy. His efforts to improve the material fabric include installation of a heating system in the church (1955–1956), renovation work in the parish church (gradually from 1958) and tidying of St. Idzi’s cemetery. Feeling weak, he decided to give up in 1967 his work as parish priest in Szadek and after 2 years of fulfilling temporary functions he was appointed as parish priest in Jeziorsko, where he continued his ministration for 9 years (1969–1978). He then retired and went to live in Konin.

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40

Afanasev, Alexander L. "The reformist character of the temperance movement in Russia in the “path choice” period in 1907-1914". Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, n. 480 (2023): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/480/11.

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The aim of the article is to prove the author's hypothesis that the vast temperance movement (TM) increased the potential of the reformist development in Russia. The objective is to learn the exact mechanism of its influence on the society. The research methodology includes analysis, synthesis, objectivity, historicism and interdisciplinarity. The sources of the material are: reports and periodicals of temperance societies, papers by the movement participants, notes of the anti-alcohol congresses, articles by administrative bodies, newspapers. The analyzed territory is Russia without Poland and Finland. TM was the society's response to the alcohol policy by the tsarism. Its influence was increasing. As of 1 January 1911, there were 1,873 temperance societies in Russia with nearly 500,000 members. 74.5 % of the societies were located in villages with most members from the peasantry; 25.5 % were in urban settlements, with most members from workers. 1,782 societies (95.14 % of the total number) were religious with 1,771 of them Orthodox. Their leaders were mostly priests. Of 91 civil societies, 56 were Estonian, 15 Latvian, 2 Finnish and 18 international ones. The manifestation and outcomes of the movement were the following. (A) Locally, (1) the participants of the movement adopted a sober lifestyle, peace and wealth came into families; (2) the participants became a part of a group of soulmates, many of them found a high meaning of life; (3) some societies were involved in educational and charity work; (4) the societies encouraged people to take part in useful activities; (5) due to the societies' impact, open alcohol abuse, hooliganism and criminal activity were decreasing, sober traditions were emerging, communities made public verdicts to close down state wine stores and to ban illegal alcohol sale. (B) On the state and regional levels, on 11 December 1907 the III State Duma established the Anti-alcohol Panel. On 16 November 1911 the Duma adopted the law providing for essential educational and restrictive measures. In 1909-1912 All-Russia congresses against alcohol abuse were held. In 1913-1914 abstinence festivals in both capitals and in more than 50 other provinces were organized. Nicholas II saw the movement as a way to reinforce the political situation in the country; in April 1913 he began to openly support it and in January 1914 proceeded to change the alcohol policy in the country. A circular of the Minister of Finance of 11 March 1914 indicated that it was necessary to satisfy the petitions of rural societies to ban the sale of vodka on their territory. In February-July 1914, the government approved 800 such petitions. A campaign began, during which local governments and state authorities took new educational and restrictive anti-alcohol measures. So, the temperance movement, reformist in character, contributed to the improvement and strengthening of Russia. It urged the authorities to take measures that increased the stability of society and the possibility of development along a peaceful path. This was the “rise of Order out of Chaos”. At the same time, during the rapid anti-alcohol campaign of 1914, opposite processes began.

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Bruno, Maria Teresa. "Gilson, Étienne ; Gouhier, Henri. Il momento Malebranche. Lettere 1920–1936. Con un saggio di Gilson studente su Malebranche (1904–1907), Edizione italiana a cura di Igor Agostini, Milano : Jaca Book, 2021. 233 pp." Kritikon Litterarum 49, n. 1-2 (18 maggio 2022): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kl-2022-0007.

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42

Pisareva, Svetlana A., Irina N. Shibanova, Irina F. Kadikova, Ekaterina A. Morozova, Tatyana V. Yuryeva, Ilya B. Afanasyev e Vladimir A. Yuryev. "Identification of CaCuSi4O10 (Egyptian blue) in the “Birch. Spring” painting by Robert Falk (1907) using photoluminescence". Journal of Cultural Heritage 50 (luglio 2021): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2021.05.005.

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43

Riva, Angelo. "Microstructures et risque de contrepartie : les bourses de Milan et de Gênes a l'épreuve de la crise de 1907". Entreprises et histoire 67, n. 2 (2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eh.067.0037.

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Feldman, Gerald D. "Die Reichsbank und die finanzielle Kriegsvorbereitung 1907 bis 1914. By Reinhold Zilch. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag. 1987. Pp. 239. DM 40." Journal of Economic History 50, n. 4 (dicembre 1990): 957–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700037992.

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45

Nuwangi, Hasara, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Thilini Chanchala Agampodi, Helen Philippa Price, Lisa Dikomitis e Suneth Buddhika Agampodi. "Rewriting the history of leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka: An untold story since 1904". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, n. 12 (8 dicembre 2022): e0010918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010918.

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Abstract (sommario):

Leishmaniasis is widely considered a disease that emerged in Sri Lanka in the 1990s. However, a comprehensive case report from 1904 suggests that the presence of Leishmaniasis was well demonstrated in Sri Lanka long before that. The Annual Administration Reports of Ceylon/Sri Lanka from 1895 to 1970 and the Ceylon Blue Book from 1821 to 1937 are official historical documents that provide an annual performance, progress, goals achieved, and finances of Sri Lanka during that time. Both these documents are available in the National Archives. The Ceylon Administrative Report of 1904 reports a full record of observation of Leishman-Donovan bodies in Sri Lanka for the first time. These reports contain a total of 33,438 cases of leishmaniasis in the years 1928 to 1938, 1953, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, and 1961 to 1962. Up to 1938, the term “cutaneous leishmaniasis” was used, and after 1938, the term “leishmaniasis” was used in these reports. “Kala-azar” was also mentioned in 11 administrative reports between 1900 and 1947. In 1947, an extensive vector study has been carried out where they reported kala-azar cases. This well-documented government health information clearly shows that the history of leishmaniasis is almost the same as the global history in which the first case with Leishman-Donovan bodies were reported in 1903.

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46

Samuelson, Paul A. "Two Classics: Böhm-Bawerk's Positive Theory and Fisher's Rate of Interest Through Modern Prisms". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 16, n. 2 (1994): 202–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001954.

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Positive Theory of Capital (1889) is a classic which contains Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk's 1889 correct vision of how the interest rate might be determined by the interplay of systematic time preference (“impatience”) and time-phased technology's productivity. But he was not quite able to formulate his intuitive vision in terms that would satisfy today's persnickety jury of theorists. And indeed the classic Rate of Interest (1907) by his younger contemporary, Irving Fisher, seemed to be disagreeing with Böhm-Bawerk's treatment of time's net productivity; but, as Fisher was unable to make clear until 1930, he was objecting only to Böhm-Bawerk's formulation of the role of productivity in interest determination. In point of fact, Fisher, who was so long identified (wrongly, but understandably) as an “impatience theorist,” considered his own main contribution to interest theory to be his clarification of how the technological superiority of time-consuming processes cooperated in the determination of the equilibrium interest rate.

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Michaletz, Vladimir, e Andrey I. Artemenkov. "The transactional asset pricing approach". Journal of Property Investment & Finance 37, n. 3 (10 aprile 2019): 255–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-10-2018-0078.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology based on the transactional asset pricing approach (TAPA) and to illustrate the application of TAPA within the context of professional property valuation. Design/methodology/approach The TAPA is a novel analytical valuation methodology recasting the traditional derivations of the income approach techniques, including DCF, from a transactional perspective based on the principle of inter-temporal transactional equity, instead of the conventional investor-specific view originating from I. Fisher (1907, 1930). Findings The authors present DCF analysis as a specific case of a more general TAPA approach to valuation under the income method. This also leads to novel analytical derivations of the Direct income capitalization, Gordon, Inwood, Hoskold and Ring models. Based on the TAPA framework, the authors also research the value-enhancing effects of benchmark market volatility on the subject property value and conclude that such effects can be statistically significant depending on the DCF analysis period. Research limitations/implications The research has a direct bearing on time-variable discount rate forecasting capabilities, as it uses a time-variant structure for the discount rates. Practical implications Using the US Case-Shiller and BLS rental indices as a valuation benchmark, the paper contains an example of applying the general TAPA framework to value a notional property under a TAPA’s DCF version. Such property valuations can be easily replicated in practice – especially in the context of equitable/fair value determination under the International Valuation Standards Council valuation standards. Social implications TAPA is a deductive principles-based theory of asset valuation especially fit for the transactional and illiquid asset valuation contexts – thus enabling a more efficient pricing for such assets in a sense of reflecting the transactional interests of the parties more closely than achievable under the conventional valuation methods. Originality/value TAPA is an original filiation of research with roots going as far back as Aristotelian Catallactics. It contains analytical formalizations of certain transactional equity principles.

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48

Pociecha, Józef. "Professor Julius F. Leo – Scientist, Municipal Manager, Politician, and His Economic and Political Views". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 1, n. 346 (3 febbraio 2020): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.346.05.

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The subject of the paper is the representation of the life and work of Julius F. Leo, his achievements and scientific opinions in the area of public finance, merits in the field of municipal administration as well as his views and political career. J. F. Leo was one of the outstanding personalities of Cracow in the early 20th century. He was the first President of the Polish Statistical Association founded in Cracow in 1912. He was a prominent lawyer and economist of his time, he worked on problems of public finances as a Professor of tax law and treasury sciences at the Jagiellonian University. During his studies and trips abroad he became acquainted with the issues of economic statistics, the validity of which, he had a great understanding for. A large part of his public activity was associated with the activities of the municipality. Since 1893 he was a councilor of Cracow, in 1901 he became the Vice‑Mayor and then in 1904 (until his death) the Mayor of Cracow. During his time in office he introduced a number of important reforms in the management of the city. J. F. Leo’s life’s work was a significant widening of the city limits, hence he was named “the father of the great Cracow”. Julius F. Leo was an important politician, the leader of the Galician neo‑conservatives. In 1901 he was elected to the Galician Sejm and in the year of 1904 to the Austrian Parliament. His political views have evolved from conservatism to liberalism. In 1912 he became the President of the Polish Circle in the Austrian Parliament. At the outbreak of the First World War he supported creation of Polish Legions by Józef Piłsudski. He was also the head of the Supreme National Committee. However, he did not live long enough to experience the moment of Poland regaining its independence, he died in February 1918.

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CLAY, KAREN. "Treasure from the Painted Hills: A History of Calico, California, 1882–1907. By Douglas Steeples. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999. Pp. xix, 142. $49.95." Journal of Economic History 60, n. 02 (giugno 2000): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700450266.

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50

Vanyukov, Aleksandr I. "The death of P. A. Stolypin in the memoirs of contemporaries: S. Yu. Witte, V. N. Kokovtsov and others". Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 22, n. 2 (23 maggio 2022): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2022-22-2-232-237.

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Abstract (sommario):

The tragic event of September 1, 1911, in Kiev, the death of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Minister of Internal Affairs Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, is considered through the lens of the memoirs of his famous contemporaries: the former Minister of Finance, Chairman of the Commitee of Ministers .of the Russian Empire (1903–1906), Count Sergei Yulievich Witte, Minister of Finance, who became Prime Minister after the death of Stolypin; Vladimir Nikolayevich Kokovtsov, historian, leader of the Cadet Party; Pavel Nikolayevich Milyukov and Major General Svita, Moscow Governor (1905–1912), Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, commander of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes (1913–1915), Vladimir Fedorovich Dzhunkovsky. Each of these memoirs reveals certain sides, facets of the political portrait and the fatal end of Stolypin based on the life and state experience, on the authors’ relationships with him. In the Memoirs of S. Yu. Witte, we see the almost epic, political-state and moral-legal scale of the «dialogue», of the «feud» between the author and Stolypin, the condemnation of his policy and personality: «he is to blame». V. N. Kokovtsov is a living witness of the «event of September 1» and the direct successor of Stolypin. His memoirs are chronically rich, documentarily and psychologically expressive. They were carefully read by P. N. Milyukov, who fought with Stolypin in the Duma and gave his exact metaphor for the internal policy and for his demise (“the Moor may go”). The memoirs of V. F. Dzhunkovsky are interesting for their honest testimony, patriotic pathos, direct rejection of the shortcomings of the security service. Taken together, these memoirs give a holistic, expressive picture of the historical event of September 1, 1911, the death of P. A. Stolypin; they help to see the inner springs of action behind the external.

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