Articoli di riviste: "FEFLOW"

1

Becker, Bernhard P., and Holger Schüttrumpf. "An OpenMI module for the groundwater flow simulation programme Feflow." Journal of Hydroinformatics 13, no. 1 (March 19, 2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2010.039.

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The OpenMI standard defines an interface that allows time-dependent models to exchange data at runtime. The migration of a flow simulation programme to OpenMI compliance usually requires changes in the source code or even a reorganisation of the programme sequence. Users of commercial flow simulation programmes depend on the software producer if they want to couple their models according to the OpenMI standard. We describe how we made the groundwater flow simulation programme Feflow OpenMI compliant without changing the source code: an OpenMI-compliant control application communicates with Feflow via remote procedure calls. A basic prerequisite for applying this method is an entry point into the flow simulation programme that allows to modify the model data during runtime and to implement the remote procedure calls. Feflow meets this requirement as it provides the interface manager (IFM). The mode of operation is explained with a simple test case including an inundation model and a Feflow groundwater model.

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Koukidou, I., and A. Panagopoulos. "APPLICATION OF FEFLOW FOR THE SIMULATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW AT THE TIRNAVOS (CENTRAL GREECE) ALLUVIAL BASIN AQUIFER SYSTEM." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 4 (January 25, 2017): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11360.

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FEFLOW is a relatively new simulation code that was applied and tested systematically for the first time in Greece at Tirnavos alluvial basin, which is part of the eastern Thessaly plain. The aim of this exercise is to apply and test the applicability and versatility of FEFLOW in the simulation of groundwater flow of the Tirnavos basin aquifer system, which is located in eastern Thessaly-central Greece. From the compilation and calibration of the mathematical model, it can be concluded that FEFLOW is a very powerful tool with many practical applications and capabilities. Application of FEFLOW at Tirnavos basin was successful. As deduced by field data analysis, groundwater resources of the study area are overexploited, a fact which bears negative effects not only for the study area, but also for the surrounding area, which is much greater in extent. This fact was well reproduced in the simulation. It is therefore of utmost importance to rationally manage regional groundwater resources aiming at aquifer restoration (quantity and chemical quality) and the environmental protection of both the aquifer system and the depended and interrelated ecosystems, in accordance to the water related EC Directives.

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Karmakar, Shyamal, Alexandru Tatomir, Sandra Oehlmann, Markus Giese, and Martin Sauter. "Numerical Benchmark Studies on Flow and Solute Transport in Geological Reservoirs." Water 14, no. 8 (April 17, 2022): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081310.

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Predicting and characterising groundwater flow and solute transport in engineering and hydrogeological applications, such as dimensioning tracer experiments, rely primarily on numerical modelling techniques. During software selection for numerical modelling, the accuracy of the results, financial costs of the simulation software, and computational resources should be considered. This study evaluates numerical modelling approaches and outlines the advantages and disadvantages of several simulators in terms of predictability, temporal control, and computational efficiency conducted in a single user and single computational resource set-up. A set of well-established flow and transport modelling simulators, such as MODFLOW/MT3DMS, FEFLOW, COMSOL Multiphysics, and DuMuX were tested and compared. These numerical simulators are based on three numerical discretisation schemes, i.e., finite difference (FD), finite element (FE), and finite volume (FV). The influence of dispersivity, potentially an artefact of numerical modelling (numerical dispersion), was investigated in parametric studies, and results are compared with analytical solutions. At the same time, relative errors were assessed for a complex field scale example. This comparative study reveals that the FE-based simulators COMSOL and FEFLOW show higher accuracy for a specific range of dispersivities under forced gradient conditions than DuMuX and MODFLOW/MT3DMS. FEFLOW performs better than COMSOL in regard to computational time both in single-core and multi-core computing. Overall computational time is lowest for the FD-based simulator MODFLOW/MT3DMS while the number of mesh elements is low (here < 12,800 elements). However, for finer discretisation, FE software FEFLOW performs faster.

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4

Arenas, Maria Cristina, Juan Pablo Pescador, Leonardo David Donado Garzón, Edwin Yesid Saavedra, and Pedro Felipe Arboleda Obando. "Hydrogeological Modeling in Tropical Regions via FeFlow." Earth Sciences Research Journal 24, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n3.80116.

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hydrological modeling is commonly crossed by the solution of inverse problems and the estimation for non-linear parameters techniques. Despite this common scenario, the use of these guidelines is limited to the proper sampling of in-field data. This sampling involves a variety of data that generally have little availability, especially in regions where geographical and climatic variability does not allow a constant measurement. In this article, we present the analysis of a regional underground flow model using two techniques: pilot points (PP) and constant zones (CZ). This methodologies allow identifying properly if there are any biased parameters and heterogeneity of hydraulic properties. For this purpose, we developed a numerical variable density model that is limited with reinterpreted data from real measurements. For the CZ technique, the initial parameters are assigned according to its layer, and every layer is considered constant for parameter values; in contrast for PP technique, the initial parameters are assigned according to interpolations using in-situ point measurements. The developed model was applied in an area under the influence of the ITCZ, located in the middle valley of Magdalena (MMV). This area is important on the development of the country due to its contribution to GDP and has been subject to significant changes in land use, as a result of intense economic activities, for example, agriculture, hydroelectric power, and production of oil and gas. The established model shows a scarce link with the observed state variable (hydraulic head -K), this proves the importance of spatial heterogeneity in K. The model is calibrated in order to establish K (as an anisotropic variable that varies spatially), the porosity (η) and the specific storage capacity (Ss) in the PP and CZ, reducing a “mean square” error of state variable dependable on the observation points. The results show that the PP system approach provides a better heterogeneity representation and shows that each parameter is sensitive, and does not depend on other parameters, giving to the parameter evaluation results factual independence and authenticity. This research compiles a methodology to assertively restrict a highly parameterized inverse model with field data to estimate aquifer parameters that vary spatially at a regional scale

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5

Trefry, Mike G., and Chris Muffels. "FEFLOW: A Finite-Element Ground Water Flow and Transport Modeling Tool." Ground Water 45, no. 5 (September 2007): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00358.x.

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6

Hidayat, Hardi Nur, and Maximillian Gala Permana. "Geothermal reservoir simulation of hot sedimentary aquifer system using FEFLOW®." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 103 (December 2017): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/103/1/012002.

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7

Steiner, Cornelia, Klaus Heimlich, and Sylke Hilberg. "Vergleichende Temperaturfahnenprognose anhand zweier industriell genutzter Grundwasserwärmepumpen: FEFLOW vs. ÖWAV-Modell." Grundwasser 21, no. 2 (May 18, 2016): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00767-016-0328-x.

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8

Vrzel, Ludwig, Vižintin, and Ogrinc. "An Integrated Approach for Studying the Hydrology of the Ljubljansko Polje Aquifer in Slovenia and Its Simulation." Water 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2019): 1753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091753.

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Groundwater and surface water are strongly connected. Therefore, understanding their interactions is important when studying the water balance of a complex aquatic system. This paper aims to present an integrated approach to study such processes, including a better understanding of the hydrological system behavior in the Ljubljansko polje (Slovenia). The study is based on multivariate statistical analyses of data collected over a long period, including the isotopic composition of groundwater, river water, and precipitation. The hydrology in the study domain was also simulated using a comprehensive modelling framework. Since boundary conditions are essential for simulating groundwater flow in a sensitive aquifer, a modelling system of rivers and channels (MIKE 11) and water flow and balance simulation model (WaSiM) were used to model river dynamics and the percolation of local precipitation, respectively. The results were then used as boundary conditions imposed on a transient state groundwater flow model performed in finite element subsurface flow simulation system (FEFLOW 6.2). Both the locations of recharge areas in the study domain and the calculated fluxes between the Sava River and the aquifer are graphically presented. The study revealed that a combination of the MIKE 11-FEFLOW-WaSiM tools offers a good solution for performing parallel simulations of groundwater and surface water dynamics.

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9

Ren, Jian Min, Yang Yang, and Xing Wei Hu. "Application of GIS and FEFLOW in Forecasting Groundwater Flow Field of Minqin Basin." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 2128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2128.

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Conditions were considered of complex geology and the hydrogeology of Minqin, the 3d numerical simulation model of groundwater system was built by FEFLOW software in the study area. Author found that hydrogeologic parameters which have been debugged many times corresponded with the hydrogeology prospecting results well. Verification results show that the model has better simulation effect and higher reliability in checking the model. Facts show that prediction of groundwater flow field has high reliability in the study area.

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10

Suchorab, P., and M. Iwanek. "Water losses analysis based on FEFLOW FEM simulation and EPANET hydraulic modelling." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 710 (December 19, 2019): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/710/1/012002.

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11

Anbergen, Hauke, Wolfram Rühaak, Jens Frank, and Ingo Sass. "Numerical simulation of a freeze–thaw testing procedure for borehole heat exchanger grouts." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, no. 8 (August 2015): 1087–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0177.

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The amount of research conducted on geothermal energy as a source for heating and cooling demands of buildings, as well as for electrical energy production, has increased substantially in the past decades. The simulation of freezing and thawing is important for geothermal applications involving ground coupled heat pumps. One area of research is the development of grout cements for borehole heat exchangers (BHE). In many cases, BHEs are operated at temperatures below 0° C due to manifold reasons. Hence, the simulation of freezing and thawing cycles (FTC) is important for such geothermal applications, especially in cold regions. Recently, a testing device for measuring and quantifying the influence of FTC stresses on the mechanical integrity and hydraulic properties of BHE grouts was developed (Anbergen, published in 2014). The testing procedure simulates the downhole in situ conditions as confining radial earth pressure, freezing, and thawing directions from the inside to the outside and under saturated conditions. The hydraulic conductivity can be measured in axial flow direction. Thus, statements regarding the susceptibility of grouts against cyclic freezing and thawing stresses can be made. These results differ substantially from earlier findings, as in situ boundary conditions were not simulated sufficiently. For the verification of the procedure’s thermal process, temperature logs were recorded using thermocouples and thermography imaging. The thermal process was simulated using the finite element method (FEM) groundwater, heat, and mass modeling software FEFLOW. FEFLOW is a common software solution for thermohydraulic coupled groundwater applications with mass transport, as well as geothermal applications. However, up until now, the program could not yet simulate phase changes between solid and liquid phases. To enable the program for such simulations, a plug-in was developed. To do this, a C++ code was written and coupled to the simulation routine of the FEM software. The code is based on a modification of the material parameters of fluid and the incorporation of the latent heat effects in the fluid heat capacity. A linear and an exponential approach for the latent heat release were implemented and benchmarked. The code was verified using different analytical solutions and other FEM codes. Finally, the experimental results of the test procedure could be successfully computed using the new plug-in. Thus, it is now possible to compute phase changes with FEFLOW for geothermal applications as well as other applications like permafrost research.

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12

Leiter, Augustin. "A Software Tool Developed for Simplified Numerical Modeling of Thermal Conduction around Distorted Geothermal Boreholes." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.529.

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The geometric characteristics of multiple geothermal boreholes organized in a geothermal system affect its thermal efficiency. The location of boreholes and their verticality and straightness is often distorted during drilling process. This distortion then degrades thermal properties of such a system. To study this phenomenon a specialized software tool was developed for numerical modeling based on a simplified mathematical model. This paper describes software tool briefly and presents some initial numerical models of basic borehole arrangements solved by this tool. Paper also contains a verification calculated by specialized software FEFLOW.

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13

MA, Lan, XiaoMei WEI, AnMing BAO, and ShiFei WANG. "Simulation of groundwater table dynamics based on Feflow in the Minqin Basin, China." Journal of Arid Land 4, no. 2 (April 6, 2012): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1227.2012.00123.

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14

Jakimavičiūtė-Maselienė, Vaidotė, Jonas Mažeika, and Rimantas Petrošius. "MODELLING OF COUPLED GROUNDWATER FLOW AND RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT IN CRYSTALLINE BASEMENT USING FEFLOW 5.0." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2006.9636886.

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The strategy of radioactive waste management of Lithuania provides for evaluating the possibilities of disposal of spent nuclear fuel and long‐lived radioactive waste originated from Ignalina NPP in deep geological formations. The initial studies performed in Lithuania during 2001–2004 focused on screening of all potentially prospective geological formations as host formations. Since most information is available on crystalline basement, this formation was selected for the model case studies. Taking into account the assumptions (canister defect scenario proposed by Swedish experts and evaluated by LEI experts), groundwater flow and radionuclide (iodine‐129 as mobile and long‐lived one) transport modelling using computer code FEFLOW was performed according to geosphere conditions and parameters characteristic of the southern part of Lithuania (0,8×0,6×0,52 km far‐field block). The upward groundwater flow through defected canister located in tectonically damaged zone was simulated. The main results of calculations are the following: in the case of upward groundwater flow, the maximum I‐129 volumetric activity in single tectonic fracture above defected canister will not exceed 1 Bq/1, and in the active water exchange zone, it is close to 10−2 Bq/l. These figures show that doses obtained by human recipient via aquatic pathway should be below the dose constraint (0,2 mSv/y). More complicated scenarios and assumptions should be investigated in future studies.

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15

Iwanek, Małgorzata, and Paweł Suchorab. "The assessment of water loss from a damaged distribution pipe using the FEFLOW software." ITM Web of Conferences 15 (2017): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20171503006.

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16

Huo, Z. L., S. Y. Feng, S. Z. Kang, S. J. Cen, and Y. Ma. "Simulation of effects of agricultural activities on groundwater level by combining FEFLOW and GIS." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 5 (December 2007): 839–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288230709510358.

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17

Zhao, Chengyi, Yuchao Wang, Xi Chen, and Baoguo Li. "Simulation of the effects of groundwater level on vegetation change by combining FEFLOW software." Ecological Modelling 187, no. 2-3 (September 2005): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.10.019.

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18

Pan, Jun, Yang Liu, and Te Leng. "Analysis of Influence of Estuary Artificial Wetland on Water Environmental Capacity." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1441.

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The model of artificial wetland is designed using the data of hydrology and water quality, to analyze influence of estuary wetland on water environmental capacity in Yangguan-river. The change of concentration of COD and TN is simulated by inputting the model to FEFLOW software. Environmental capacity is calculated on condition that sewage plant is discharging upstream. The result shows that, water quality and environmental capacity are improved by wetland. Environmental capacity of COD can meet the water quality target, but TN cant meet the target because of the high background concentration. This conclusion can be used to formulate or modify the environmental protection and plan.

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19

Yi, Biao Qi, Jin Sheng Wang, and Rui Zuo. "Study on the Exploitation Potential of Emergency Groundwater Source in Coastal Area of Quanzhou." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3289.

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In order to prepare for the extraordinary dry year, this study focuses on the fault zones identified by radioactive geophysical prospecting and EH4 electromagnetic imaging technique in the adjacent area of Qingyuan Mountain in Quanzhou. We infer that the fault-adjacent area has great potential for groundwater exploitation and perform a numerical simulation study on it using FEFLOW. Results show that the groundwater head can be restored in the whole hydrological series by establishing emergency water source and exploring groundwater in the fault zones in extraordinary dry year. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to use the fault zones adjacent to Qingyuan Maintain as an emergency water source of Quanzhou.

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20

Guo, Qiao Na, and Zhi Fang Zhou. "Hydrodynamics in the Luanhe River Alluvial Fan of the Piedmont Plain Zone, China." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2948.

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This paper investigated the interaction of groundwater and river in an alluvial fan of the piedmont plain zone, China. Field observations of groundwater level were performed. The three-dimensional finite element model using the simulator Feflow was used to simulate the observed groundwater level. The model was auto-calibrated against observations of groundwater head from wells distributed across the region. Good correspondence between simulated and measured water level was found for the monitored wells. The relatively small magnitudes of RMSE and MAE indicate that the predictions of the numerical model are reasonable. The water balance difference is -49.9×104m3/d, which indicates that the water balance is negative balance.

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21

Ivanov, Marin, Evelina Damyanova, and Gergana Droumeva. "Determination of the groundwater recharge in the Blagoevgrad valley Neogene sediments." Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 34, no. 1 (2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/igh.34.1.19.

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A comprehensive approach to determine the natural groundwater recharge in the Blagoevgrad valley Neogene sediments is presented. It involves the application of various methods such as the balance method, hydrodynamic modeling in GIS, the FeFlow numerical model, the Döll et al. empirical method. The obtained results show good similarity between different methods, including the long-term groundwater recharge for the study area calculated by rainfall infiltration. Therefore, the complex approach used gives an accurate estimate of the groundwater recharge in the Blagoevgrad valley associated with Neogene sediments. It can be successfully applied to determine the natural groundwater resources for other similar groundwater bodies. In this way, the groundwater resource assessments, management and conservation in Bulgaria can be significantly improved.

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Guo, Hai Peng. "Numerical Verification of the Solutions for Groundwater Flow in a Coastal Extensive Land Mass." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 2292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.2292.

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This paper reviews the analytical solutions for the impact of land reclamation on the ground water level and the saltwater interface with unconfined groundwater conditions in coastal aquifers. The applicability of the analytical solutions is somewhat limited by assumptions such as Dupuit-type flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg relation. Variable-density flow and solute transport simulations conducted by the numerical code FEFLOW were used to evaluate the accuracy of these analytical solutions. Three field-scale hypothetical cases were simulated for the numerical verification. The results show that a seepage face occurs in the numerical results rather than in the analytical solutions, but only minor difference occurs between the numerical and analytical solutions. This implies that the analytical solutions are reasonable despite the used assumptions.

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23

Monninkhoff, Bertram L., and Zhijia Li. "Coupling FEFLOW and MIKE11 to optimise the flooding system of the Lower Havel polders in Germany." International Journal of Water 5, no. 2 (2009): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijw.2009.028724.

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Bian, Kai, Shi Lei Chen, Xue Yuan Li, and Ying Wang Zhao. "Numerical Simulation of Seepage Field in Aquifer under the Coal Seam." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3120.

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In order to figure out seepage field in aquifer under the coal seam, the geology and hydrogeology conditions systematically of study area were analyzed, hydrogeological conceptual model was generalized, mathematical model was built, seepage field of the Taiyuan limestone aquifer was simulated with software Feflow. Simulation results show that hydrogeological parameters of Taiyuan limestone aquifer change greatly in different partitions. The model also indicates the heterogeneity of karst fissure of Taiyuan limestone aquifer. The drainage quantity is from the Ordovician limestone aquifer besides supplying from runoff of upstream and capture excretion of downstream. The research is an attempt to simulate the seepage field in aquifer under coal seam, to some extent, it also provides a technical basis for safe coal mining and as a reference for simulation constructions of three-dimensional groundwater flow models in similar coal mines.

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Li, Mingwei, Zhifang Zhou, Hailong Huang, and Jianxin Liao. "Estimation of Hydraulic Diffusivity of a Confined Limestone Aquifer at the Xiluodu Dam." Geofluids 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8732415.

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Hydraulic diffusivity is a fundamental parameter in studying groundwater flow. An analytical solution for groundwater flow within a finite-length one-dimensional aquifer has been introduced. This analytical solution simplifies the river water level (RWL) by a piecewise linear function, accurately describing the arbitrary variation pattern. An inversion method for hydraulic diffusivity has been provided based on the analytical solution. Then, the method was employed to estimate the hydraulic diffusivity of a limestone aquifer in the Xiluodu reservoir and was verified by the FEFLOW software. The parameter sensitivity increases with the RWL fast increasing and reaches its peak value when the RWL approaches the maximum value. Given the sensitivity analysis, great attention should be paid to the stage when RWL fluctuates drastically for estimating hydraulic diffusivity. The proposed method is flexible to conditions that lack observation data or RWL fluctuating drastically.

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Jakimavičiūtė-Maselienė, Vaidotė, Jonas Mažeika, and Stasys Motiejūnas. "RADIONUCLIDE AND HEAT TRANSPORT FROM HYPOTHETICAL SNF CANISTER IN CRYSTALLINE BASEMENT, CASE OF SOUTH-EASTERN LITHUANIA / RADIONUKLIDŲ IR ŠILUMOS SKLAIDA IŠ HIPOTETINIO PBK KONTEINERIO KRISTALINIO PAMATO UOLIENOSE (PIETRYČIŲ LIETUVOS PAVYZDYS)." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 20, no. 2 (June 7, 2012): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2012.688363.

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The Strategy on Radioactive Waste Management of Lithuania (Radioaktyviųjų… 2008) envisages evaluating the possibilities of disposal of spent nuclear fuel and long-lived radioactive waste from operation and decommissioning of Ignalina NPP in a deep geological repository. The crystalline basement and sedimentary cover of south-eastern Lithuania was selected for the current model case studies due to availability of geological and hydrogeological data from previous explorations. Groundwater flow, radionuclide (iodine-129 as mobile and long-lived one) transport and heat transfer, modelling using computer code FEFLOW was performed. The model domain of south-eastern Lithuania comprises Protero-zoic-Archaean aquifer with overlaying aquifers system of sedimentary cover. The upward groundwater flow through defected canister located in tectonically damaged zone was conservatively generated. The main results of calculations are following: in case of upward groundwater flow, the maximum activity concentration of 129I in groundwater of the tectonic fracture zone above defected canister will not exceed 10−4 Bq/l; the maximum temperature in the tectonic fracture will obtain about 30-35°C and will not impact on the radionuclide transport. Location of model domain in south-eastern Lithuania does not mean any reference to the site for deep geological repository. The results show that doses obtained by human via drinking water should be below the dose constraint (0.2 mSv /year). Santrauka Radioaktyviųjų atliekų tvarkymo strategija numato galimybę panaudotą branduolinį kurą ir kitas ilgaamžes radioak- tyviąsias atliekas, susidariusias eksploatuojant Ignalinos AE ir susidarysiančias ją demontuojant, galutinai patalpinti giliai geologinėse formacijose. Dėl didelio geologinės bei hidrogeologinės informacijos kiekio šiame darbe nagrinėti tik Pietryčių Lietuvos kristalinis pamatas bei jį dengiantys nuosėdinių uolienų sluoksniai. Radionuklidų bei šilumos sklaidai kristalinio pamato uolienose vertinti naudota kompiuterinė programa FEFLOW 5.0. Pasirinkta konteinerio defekto scenarijus, taikant skaičiavimus, atliktus LEI ekspertų. Modelis apima archėjaus ir proterozojaus vandeningąjį sluoksnį bei nuosėdinėje dangoje slūgsančius vandeninguosius kompleksus. Modeliuotas požeminio vandens srautas, kylantis per tektoniškai pažeistą zoną, kurioje palaidotas PBK konteineris. Iš pagrindinių modeliavimo rezultatų nustatyta, kad ilgaamžio ir mažai sorbuojamo radionuklido 129I sklaidos intensyvumas mažai priklauso nuo geologinės aplinkos savybių, o šilumos sklaida neturi įtakos radionuklidų sklaidai. Žmogaus gaunama dozė, skaičiavimų duomenimis, nesieks ribinės vertės (0,2 mSv/metai).

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Cheng, Yu Fei, Yuan Hong Li, Xiang Quan Hu, Jun De Wang, and Shu Chao Lu. "The Study of Groundwater Modeling of Plain Area in Shiyang River Basin - I Groundwater System Conceptual Model Construction." Advanced Materials Research 937 (May 2014): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.937.632.

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In order to construct the groundwater numerical simulation model, the study area was determined on the basis of the geological and hydrogeological conditions. Taking Feflow as operating platform, combining GIS with Surfer software, a study area of the structure of three-dimensional aquifer model was established, realizing the 3D visualization of a large area of the complex geological content. Combined with the hydrogeological conditions, three-dimensional geological structure of the model further generalization. The result showed that the aquifer of the vertical was generalized into the unconfined aquifer; based on the characteristics of lithology, structure, parameters and distribution of recharge and discharge in groundwater system, the study area groundwater system was characterized by isotropic saturated-unsaturated numerical flow model, and the equilibrium composition of the elements was analysed in study area, the partition of the aquifer hydrogeological parameters was divided, lay the foundation for groundwater numerical model simulation.

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Lyamina, L. A., N. A. Kharitonova, A. V. Rastorguev, G. A. Chelnokov, and I. V. Bragin. "Conceptual model of the formation of nitrogen thermal waters in crystalline rock massifs (example of the Kuldur Spa)." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 2 (December 16, 2022): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2022-2-78-90.

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The study of the inﬂuence of hydrodynamic factors on the occurrence of nitrogen thermal waters in crystalline massifs, by the example of the Kuldur ﬁeld, is presented in the article. The results of two-dimensional modeling (based on FEFLOW code) of several variants of formation and circulation of therms in the study area are considered. Model parameters included temperature (130–140 °C), calculated on the basis of geothermometers, and the residence time of waters in the rock massif (68 800–254 000 years), estimated by means of 14C and 4He dating. The modeling results show that exactly the ﬁltration parameters of the granite massif are the main factor controlling the dynamics of ﬂuid movement and, consequently, the relative age of thermal waters. It is also found that the ﬁltration characteristics of the fault zone have a signiﬁcant inﬂuence on the temperature of thermal water discharge.

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29

González Linares, César, Rubén Esaú Mogrovejo Gutiérrez, and Gisel Veliz Francia. "Modelación numérica con feflow para interpretar hidrogeológicamente el deslizamiento “Derrumbe V” del flanco derecho de la CH Mantaro." Paideia 4, no. 5 (September 16, 2017): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31381/paideia.v4i5.916.

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En el siguiente artículo se presenta una primera aproximación del análisis hidrogeológico del deslizamiento. Para ello, se plantea un modelo numérico hidrogeológico de aplicación al “Derrumbe 5” del embalse Tablachaca, medianteelementos finitos. Asimismo, se identifican las fronteras del evento de la modelación, los mecanismos de recarga y descarga, así como el campo de la red de vectores de flujo dentro de las masas geológicas interpretadas (delimitación delvolumen de control y parámetros). Además, se efectúa una comparación de la modelización conceptual y la simulación numérica.

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30

Pham, Hung Tien, Wolfram Rühaak, Valerian Schuster, and Ingo Sass. "Fully hydro-mechanical coupled Plug-in (SUB+) in FEFLOW for analysis of land subsidence due to groundwater extraction." SoftwareX 9 (January 2019): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2018.11.004.

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31

Dong, Donglin, Wenjie Sun, and Sha Xi. "Optimization of Mine Drainage Capacity Using FEFLOW for the No. 14 Coal Seam of China’s Linnancang Coal Mine." Mine Water and the Environment 31, no. 4 (September 18, 2012): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-012-0205-5.

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32

An, Yong Hui, Shuang Bao Han, Xi Wu, Xu Xue Cheng, and Wei Po Liu. "Numerical Simulation and Prediction of High Fluorine Groundwater Transport in Zhangye Basin." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.36.

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Abstract (sommario):

Simulate Feflow with finite element method, and establish flow model and solute transport model of high fluorine groundwater area in Zhangye Basin. Predicting groundwater system response under different exploitation scheme, and evaluating the risk of deep low fluorine groundwater polluted by shallow high fluorine groundwater. The results showed that, firstly, the existing exploitation intensity and the increasing exploitation intensity of the local planning would lead to groundwater table descent, for the deep groundwater head is higher than phreatic water in above scheme, the polluted risk of low fluorine freshwater is low. Secondly, low and deep groundwater “cross strata” caused by well completion technology would lead to deep low fluorine freshwater polluted, and the high fluorine polluted area caused by single well is limited, but the polluted risk of low fluorine aquifer is increasing with that confined water head is lower than phreatic water in local concentrated excess exploitation area. Propose the measures and suggestions of the groundwater sustainable utilization.

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33

Kumar, Manoj, and Anunay Gour. "Novel Approach to Groundwater Contaminant Transport Modelling." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 07 (July 5, 2021): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/07132.

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This paper comprehensively investigates literature about modelling techniques used in groundwater contaminant transport modelling. Modelling of groundwater is a useful way for the management of groundwater resources, also assessing the fate of contaminants and their remediation. Models very conveniently help to study complex real conditions and examine specific phenomena in addition to predicting the future behaviour of any problem. The use of groundwater simulation programming tools such as MODFLOW, MT3DMS, RT3D, FEFLOW, and MODPATH to model multi-directional contamination transport yields accurate results. Movement, storage, and change of solute concentration are largely regulated by groundwater flow gradient. As a result, a precise description of the flow mechanism is very important. If models are not properly constructed and interpreted, they can become complicated and may generate wide errors. Well-defined and clear modelling objectives produce suitable models for efficient error-free modelling processes. The study will assist modellers to clearly define their model objective and select appropriate modelling tools.

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34

Bridger, D. W., and D. M. Allen. "Heat transport simulations in a heterogeneous aquifer used for aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES)." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, no. 1 (January 2010): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-078.

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A modelling study was carried out to evaluate the influence of aquifer heterogeneity, as represented by geologic layering, on heat transport and storage in an aquifer used for aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). An existing ATES system in Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada, was used as a case study. The system consists of four production wells completed in an unconfined heterogeneous aquifer consisting of interbedded sands and gravels. An additional dump well was installed to provide for heat dissipation during the peak cooling periods. Three monitoring wells and the production wells were logged for temperature periodically within the first 1.5 years of operation. A three-dimensional groundwater flow and heat transport model was developed using FEFLOW. Simulation results indicate that heat and (or) cold energy moved preferentially in discrete zones within the aquifer or at least entered the wells over discrete intervals. Monitoring data support model results, but show that thermal storage was successfully achieved despite a significant cooling operation during the first year.

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35

Narantsogt, Nasanbayar, and Ulf Mohrlok. "Evaluation of MAR Methods for Semi-Arid, Cold Regions." Water 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122548.

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Mongolia is a semi-arid, highly continental region with highly variable precipitation and river discharge. The groundwater aquifer located near Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, is the only one source for city water supply consumption, and it is important to ensure that groundwater is available now and in the future. The main watercourse near the capital city is the Tuul River, fed by precipitation in the Khentii Mountains. The semi-arid and cold environment shows high variability in precipitation and river discharge. However, due to absence of precipitation in winter and spring, the riverbed usually runs dry during these times of the year, and weather observations show that the dry period has been extending in recent years. However, in parallel with urban development, the extended groundwater aquifer has shown a clear decline, and the groundwater levels have dropped significantly. Therefore, a groundwater management system based on managed aquifer recharge is proposed, and a strategy to implement these measures in the Tuul River valley is presented in this paper. This strategy consists of the enhancement of natural recharge rates during the wet summer from the northern drainage canal, an additional increase in groundwater recharge through melting the ice storage in the dry period, as well as the construction of underground dams to accumulate groundwater and a surface water reservoir that releases a constant discharge in the outlet. To increase natural recharge rates of groundwater during the early dry period through the melting ice storage period, the MATLAB icing code, which was written for ice storage for limited and unlimited areas, was considered through finite element subsurface FLOW (FEFLOW) simulation scenarios as a water source in ice form on the surface. A study of the artificial permafrost of underground as an ice dam was processed in FEFLOW simulation scenarios for accumulating groundwater resources. The results of these artificial recharging methods were individually calculated, combined, and compared with the surface reservoir, which releases a constant discharge through the dam. In this paper, new ideas are presented involving managed aquifer recharge—MAR methods, and include application to aufeis, a mass of layered ice for groundwater recharge by melting. Additionally, the accumulation of groundwater using artificial permafrost is used as an underground dam. In addition, was considered recharging scenario only with constant release water amount from water reservoir also with all MAR methods together with reservoir combination.

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36

Ashraf, A., and Z. Ahmad. "Regional groundwater flow modelling of Upper Chaj Doab of Indus Basin, Pakistan using finite element model (Feflow) and geoinformatics." Geophysical Journal International 173, no. 1 (April 2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03708.x.

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37

李, 锐. "Study of Large-Scale Mining Groundwater Multi-Source Pollution Risk Assessment and Long Term Monitoring Mechanism Based on FEFLOW." Mine Engineering 07, no. 01 (2019): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/me.2019.71012.

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38

Widomski, Marcin K., Iwona Pawelec, Ajay Kumar, and Grzegorz Łagód. "Numerical modelling of water percolation through mortar-based connection of concrete pipes." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925205014.

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This paper presents an attempt to numerical modelling of water seepage through the connection of two concrete pipes, commonly used in the past in construction of sanitary and stormwater sewerage systems, sealed by three types of different cement-based mortars. The 2D numerical calculations were made by means of the commercial modelling software FEFLOW, WASY-DHI, especially popular in soil and environmental science. The required input data for the developed numerical model, including saturated hydraulic conductivity and retention characteristics of tested mortars, were obtained during the conducted laboratory measurements. The hydraulic characteristics of the applied concrete pipe were based on literature. The assumed boundary conditions reflected the concrete sewerage pipe filled by water to the height of 10 cm and the matric suction pressure of soil below the sand bed. Our numerical calculations showed diversified seepage intensity and accumulated volume of percolating water for the three tested mortars. The observed differences were in our opinion related to sand/cement ratio of each mortar. The higher sand content, the higher volume of seepage was noted.

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39

Kumar Sahu, Suvendu, Kamalesh Mondal, Gobinath M, and D. C.Jhariya. "Application of groundwater transport modelling in groundwater development and management: a review." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v7i1.25905.

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Groundwater is one of the very sensible natural resource and to protect its quality there is need of proper management system. Groundwater modelling is very advance method for the simulation, forecasting and set remediation strategy to protect the ground-water system, it is an emerging field in groundwater study. So many scientists and researchers are working on this to prepare a groundwater management strategy and to improve the efficiency of the model. For solving the different groundwater related issues, it is important to select proper model. For the accuracy of the model result, it needs to have proper idea about the model, procedure of model run and selection of model basing on the problems. There are a smaller number of modelling software like SWAT, MODFLOW, MT3DMS, RT3D, MT3D, FLUXOS, CXTFIT, FEFLOW, Retraso-Code-Bright etc. Sometimes coupled models are also preferable as per the problem. This paper based on review of the general characteristics of different transport modelling software, methodology of the model development and its application in the different issues related to groundwater development and management.

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40

Pasanen, A. H., and J. S. Okkonen. "3D geological models to groundwater flow models: data integration between GSI3D and groundwater flow modelling software GMS and FeFlow®." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 408, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp408.15.

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41

Li, Jiang, Xiaomin Mao, and Mo Li. "Modeling hydrological processes in oasis of Heihe River Basin by landscape unit-based conceptual models integrated with FEFLOW and GIS." Agricultural Water Management 179 (January 2017): 338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.09.007.

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42

Khalid Awan, Usman, Bernhard Tischbein, and Christopher Martius. "Simulating Groundwater Dynamics Using Feflow-3D Groundwater Model Under Complex Irrigation and Drainage Network of Dryland Ecosystems of Central Asia." Irrigation and Drainage 64, no. 2 (March 23, 2015): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.1897.

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43

Tedesco, Bonduà, Borgatti, Bossi, Fabbri, Piccinini, and Marcato. "Slope and Groundwater Monitoring for 3D Numerical Modelling to Ensure the Structural Health of an Alpine Road Tunnel Crossing an Active Rock Slide." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030012.

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Abstract (sommario):

Railways and roads frequently cross natural corridors like alluvial plains and alpine valleys. Here, structures and infrastructures can be affected by natural hazards such as floods and landslides. In some cases, the design has disregarded the possible interactions between slope processes and linear infrastructures. This work summarizes a 20-year long research comprising monitoring and laboratory data, field investigations and numerical modelling about an active 25-million m3 rock block slide threatening the serviceability of a highway tunnel in the Eastern Italian Alps, along the Tagliamento River Valley. The effectiveness of 3D geotechnical and hydrogeological numerical modelling calibrated on long-term monitoring datasets in planning countermeasures for landslide risk mitigation is demonstrated. A correlation between rapid snowmelt and/or extreme rainfall events and landslide activity is found. Moreover, monitored stream and spring discharges, together with seepage along the tunnel, appear to be strictly related to the displacements measured by GNSS and in-place inclinometers. In particular, the landslide accelerates once the threshold of 20 l/s in the tunnel seepage discharge is overcome. The continuous monitoring of specific electrical conductivity in five points allows tunnel discharge to be characterized identifying two type of groundwater circulation, one deeper and one perched, developing during extreme event. These facts clarify the role played by rainfall infiltration and groundwater flow in the fractured rock mass in promoting slope movements and damage in the tunnel lining. Based on these observations, two different 3D codes are used for groundwater flow simulation (FEFLOW by DHI-WASY) and stress and strain analysis (FLAC3D by ITASCA). The actual conditions of the slope and the possible countermeasures have been simulated. In FEFLOW, the Equivalent Porous Medium (EPM) approach is adopted with a model domain of 8-km2 including the landslide and the infrastructures. In FLAC3D, the properties of the sliding surface are reduced to simulate the wetting caused by the rising of hydraulic head in the fractured rock mass during the snowmelt or rainfall events. The 300-m long extension of an already existing T-shape drainage tunnel is analyzed. The simulated countermeasure work induces a lowering of the hydraulic head in the rock mass; consequently the reduced geotechnical properties have to be applied to a smaller section of the slip surface, resulting in a decrease of displacements. Even though the stabilizing effect is not definitive, mainly because of the volume of the unstable slope, the extension of the drainage tunnel reduces both the intensity and the duration of the water seepage into the tunnel with direct benefits for the tunnel serviceability.

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44

Cheng, Yu Fei, Jun De Wang, Yuan Hong Li, Xiang Quan Hu, and Shu Chao Lu. "The Study of Groundwater Modeling of Plain Area in Shiyang River Basin - II Groundwater Modeling and Validation." Advanced Materials Research 937 (May 2014): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.937.639.

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Groundwater is an important resource, it is used for variety of purposes in the inland river basins of arid western China. In recent years, the utilization ratio of surface water has been raised, the groundwater recharge rate from surface water has been reduced, and the aquifer depletion due to over-exploitation, which has led to the decline of groundwater levels and the degradation of eco-environments in the Shiyang River Basin, especially in Minqin. Therefore, the study on the groundwater levels change in recent years, as well as simulating and predicting groundwater levels in the future have gotten very important. The purpose of this study is to analyze the groundwater level variations of the study area. Basin on a conceptual groundwater model and observation groundwater level data, to establish the groundwater flow model by FEFLOW; simulated and validated the groundwater model. Finally the precision of model was evaluated. It was shown that the model could be used to predict the groundwater levels variation under different hypothesis conditions in Shiyang River Basin, which would provide the effective reference to the rational use and management of the groundwater.

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45

Liu, Yi, and Xiao Min Mao. "Influence of Boundary Conditions on Modeling Seawater Intrusion into Coastal Aquifer." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3074.

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Numerical simulation is an essential tool for investigation of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer. For most groundwater modeling software, boundary condition along the beach is required. But it was normally assumed due to the uncertainty in the seawater – freshwater interface. Using FEFLOW, a groundwater simulation software based on finite element method, we investigated the intrusion scope and the exiting point of groundwater outflow under various boundary conditions. Seven cases were designed, among which three cases with boundary conditions of a freshwater layer over seawater, three cases with a triangle freshwater zone between seawater and the beach, and the last one without freshwater at the seawater boundary. Results showed that the last case has the longest intrusion scope. The scope of seawater intrusion is determined by both the horizontal water head gradient along the bottom of the aquifer and the vertical water head gradient along the beach. Both higher horizontal gradient and lower vertical gradient result in larger intrusion scope. In some circumstances, the vertical gradient has greater impact on seawater intrusion than the horizontal gradient, and act as the main power inhibiting seawater intrusion.

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46

Iwanek, Małgorzata, Paweł Suchorab, and Zbigniew Suchorab. "FEM simulation of water lost through damaged household water connection." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925205008.

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The problem of water supply pipe’s failures is one of the most onerous for water distribution network’s (WDN) operators. Multiple actions undertaken to detect, minimise and eliminate the phenomenon of water losses are mainly focused on financial aspect of lost water. However, at some point, the further minimisation of water losses is unprofitable due to reaching the economic level of water leakages. In WDNs failures analysis the biggest emphasis is put on damages of main pipes and distribution pipes, while failures of household water connections are often neglected. That is because the most typical water losses in household connections are hard-to-detect background leakages with relatively small water outflow. Still, in a long-time perspective, such leakages can cause significant water losses. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the parameters of water lost through damaged household water connection (volume, velocity, suffosion conditions). The basis for the analysis were laboratory investigations and a numerical simulation of a pipe failure using the FEFLOW v. 5.3 software. The results of the simulation, compared with laboratory tests results, enabled to state that, contrary to the widespread practice, leakages from household connections cannot be ignored.

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47

Wang, Wanli, Jin Luo, Guiling Wang, Xi Zhu, and Guiyi Liu. "Study of the sustainability of a ground source heat pump system by considering groundwater flow and intermittent operation strategies." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 37, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598718800725.

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In this study, the operation of a ground source heat pump system was investigated over a 25-year period with careful attention paid to the effects of groundwater flow and intermittent operation strategies. First, geological and hydrogeological investigations were conducted, after which ground thermal properties were determined by thermal response tests. In order to predict the heat transfer within borehole heat exchangers under a specific operating system, a numerical model was developed using finite element subsurface flow & transport simulation system (FEFLOW). The numerical model was validated with thermal response test measurements. Three operation conditions including continuous system operation without groundwater flow, continuous system operation with groundwater flow, and intermittent operation with groundwater flow were examined. Results indicate that ground temperature disturbance was effectively reduced during groundwater flow and the intermittent operation of the system. Compared with continuous system operation without groundwater flow, the borehole heat exchanger heat transfer rate increases by 10% with groundwater flow conditions and increases by 16% with further implementation of the intermittent operation strategy. Intermittent operation with groundwater flow is highly recommended for the sustainable operation of ground source heat pump system.

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48

Seferou, P., P. Soupios, N. N. Kourgialas, Z. Dokou, G. P. Karatzas, E. Candasayar, N. Papadopoulos, V. Dimitriou, A. Sarris, and M. Sauter. "Olive-oil mill wastewater transport under unsaturated and saturated laboratory conditions using the geoelectrical resistivity tomography method and the FEFLOW model." Hydrogeology Journal 21, no. 6 (June 8, 2013): 1219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-0996-x.

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49

Pandian, Rajaveni Sundara, Indu Sumadevi Nair, and Elango Lakshmanan. "Finite element modelling of a heavily exploited coastal aquifer for assessing the response of groundwater level to the changes in pumping and rainfall variation due to climate change." Hydrology Research 47, no. 1 (May 16, 2015): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.211.

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Abstract (sommario):

Coastal aquifers are always under threat of seawater intrusion due to over-extraction of groundwater. The objective here is to assess aquifer response to variation in pumping and rainfall recharge due to projected climate change by groundwater modelling in a heavily exploited aquifer. Finite element groundwater flow modelling was carried out from March 1988 to December 2030 using FEFLOW software. Steady state calibration was done to match observed and simulated groundwater head by varying aquifer parameters within the allowable range. Transient state calibration was carried out during the period March 1988 to December 2002. The calibrated model was validated by comparing the simulated and observed groundwater head from January 2003 to December 2012. Groundwater head was predicted for a period until 2030 under eight different scenarios of changes in pumping and rainfall recharge. This prediction indicated that 10% increase of recharge and 10% decrease of pumping causes 3 m and 6 m increase in groundwater head in upper and lower aquifers, respectively, by the end of 2030. Groundwater recharge can be increased by rejuvenation of existing surface water bodies, check dams and construction of proposed check dams. Thus, increase of groundwater recharge and decrease in well field pumping is achievable to restore this heavily exploited coastal aquifer in another 20 years.

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50

Niu, Juanting, Litang Hu, and Menglin Zhang. "Transport of ammonia nitrogen for groundwater pollution control in an informal low-permeability landfill site." Hydrology Research 53, no. 3 (February 22, 2022): 370–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.089.

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Abstract In informal landfills, leachate leaked into the underlying soil and groundwater has been gaining increasing attention. Recently, an informal low-permeability landfill site in northern China was investigated in detail, and it was found that the groundwater was contaminated by leachate. A groundwater flow and contamination transport model was developed using FEFLOW to forecast contaminant transport and evaluate feasible pollutant control schemes. In this model, good matches between the simulated and observed groundwater level and good matches between the simulated and observed concentration of ammonia nitrogen show that the established model can reproduce the process of groundwater movement effectively. Three kinds of schemes, including natural conditions, pollution source removal, and pump and treatment, were simulated, and the results were compared. The results showed that, under natural conditions, the pollution does not travel far horizontally and vertically. Removal of pollution sources has little effect on the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in groundwater over a period of 100 years. The pump and treatment system can effectively remove high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in the groundwater of the landfill site, with a maximum decline of over 90%. Therefore, the pump and treatment method may be valid for short-term soil and groundwater remediation.

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