Articoli di riviste sul tema "Face perception in literature"
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Rosa Salva, Orsola, Simona Normando, Antonio Mollo e Lucia Regolin. "Novelty preference in face perception by week-old lambs (Ovis aries)". Interaction Studies 15, n. 1 (10 giugno 2014): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.05ros.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An extensive literature has been accumulating, in recent years, on face-processing in sheep and on the relevance of faces for social interaction in this species. In spite of this, spontaneous preferences for face or non-face stimuli in lambs have not been reported. In this study we tested the spontaneous preference of 8-day-old lambs (N = 9) for three pairs of stimuli. In each pair, one stimulus was a face-like display, whereas the other presented the same inner features displaced in unnatural positions. One pair of stimuli was obtained from photographic images of ewes’ faces, the other two pairs were schematic face-like stimuli. Lambs could differentiate the two stimuli obtained by photos of conspecifics, looking longer at the non-face stimulus (p < 0.05). We interpret this as a novelty preference, proving that few day-old lambs have already encoded the structural properties that define a face and recognize violations of those general properties.
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Gullberg, Marianne, e Kenneth Holmqvist. "Keeping an eye on gestures: Visual perception of gestures in face-to-face communication". Pragmatics and Cognition 7, n. 1 (1999): 35–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.7.1.04gul.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since listeners usually look at the speaker's face, gestural information has to be absorbed through peripheral visual perception. In the literature, it has been suggested that listeners look at gestures under certain circumstances: 1) when the articulation of the gesture is peripheral; 2) when the speech channel is insufficient for comprehension; and 3) when the speaker him- or herself indicates that the gesture is worthy of attention. The research here reported employs eye tracking techniques to study the perception of gestures in face-to-face interaction. The improved control over the listener's visual channel allows us to test the validity of the above claims. We present preliminary findings substantiating claims 1 and 3, and relate them to theoretical proposals in the literature and to the issue of how visual and cognitive attention are related.
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Bhavika Pandita Hakhroo. "Challenges and Experiences of Students in the Virtual Classroom World: A Literature Review". International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 11, n. 2 (30 aprile 2021): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.11.2.23.
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The study aims to discuss the experience students face in the virtual classroom mode. The limitations and challenges which students face while enrolling in online modes to learning from MOOC Courses to Distance Learning. The community of the people undertaking online education has increased significantly in the past few years. The paper reviews the literature on the topic of online classes, asynchronous and synchronous modes of delivery, the perception of students in the virtual learning and the experiences and challenges faced.
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Atkinson, Anthony P., e Ralph Adolphs. "The neuropsychology of face perception: beyond simple dissociations and functional selectivity". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, n. 1571 (12 giugno 2011): 1726–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0349.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Face processing relies on a distributed, patchy network of cortical regions in the temporal and frontal lobes that respond disproportionately to face stimuli, other cortical regions that are not even primarily visual (such as somatosensory cortex), and subcortical structures such as the amygdala. Higher-level face perception abilities, such as judging identity, emotion and trustworthiness, appear to rely on an intact face-processing network that includes the occipital face area (OFA), whereas lower-level face categorization abilities, such as discriminating faces from objects, can be achieved without OFA, perhaps via the direct connections to the fusiform face area (FFA) from several extrastriate cortical areas. Some lesion, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings argue against a strict feed-forward hierarchical model of face perception, in which the OFA is the principal and common source of input for other visual and non-visual cortical regions involved in face perception, including the FFA, face-selective superior temporal sulcus and somatosensory cortex. Instead, these findings point to a more interactive model in which higher-level face perception abilities depend on the interplay between several functionally and anatomically distinct neural regions. Furthermore, the nature of these interactions may depend on the particular demands of the task. We review the lesion and TMS literature on this topic and highlight the dynamic and distributed nature of face processing.
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Kanwisher, Nancy, e Galit Yovel. "The fusiform face area: a cortical region specialized for the perception of faces". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, n. 1476 (8 novembre 2006): 2109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1934.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Faces are among the most important visual stimuli we perceive, informing us not only about a person's identity, but also about their mood, sex, age and direction of gaze. The ability to extract this information within a fraction of a second of viewing a face is important for normal social interactions and has probably played a critical role in the survival of our primate ancestors. Considerable evidence from behavioural, neuropsychological and neurophysiological investigations supports the hypothesis that humans have specialized cognitive and neural mechanisms dedicated to the perception of faces (the face-specificity hypothesis). Here, we review the literature on a region of the human brain that appears to play a key role in face perception, known as the fusiform face area (FFA). Section 1 outlines the theoretical background for much of this work. The face-specificity hypothesis falls squarely on one side of a longstanding debate in the fields of cognitive science and cognitive neuroscience concerning the extent to which the mind/brain is composed of: (i) special-purpose (‘domain-specific’) mechanisms, each dedicated to processing a specific kind of information (e.g. faces, according to the face-specificity hypothesis), versus (ii) general-purpose (‘domain-general’) mechanisms, each capable of operating on any kind of information. Face perception has long served both as one of the prime candidates of a domain-specific process and as a key target for attack by proponents of domain-general theories of brain and mind. Section 2 briefly reviews the prior literature on face perception from behaviour and neurophysiology. This work supports the face-specificity hypothesis and argues against its domain-general alternatives (the individuation hypothesis, the expertise hypothesis and others). Section 3 outlines the more recent evidence on this debate from brain imaging, focusing particularly on the FFA. We review the evidence that the FFA is selectively engaged in face perception, by addressing (and rebutting) five of the most widely discussed alternatives to this hypothesis. In §4 , we consider recent findings that are beginning to provide clues into the computations conducted in the FFA and the nature of the representations the FFA extracts from faces. We argue that the FFA is engaged both in detecting faces and in extracting the necessary perceptual information to recognize them, and that the properties of the FFA mirror previously identified behavioural signatures of face-specific processing (e.g. the face-inversion effect). Section 5 asks how the computations and representations in the FFA differ from those occurring in other nearby regions of cortex that respond strongly to faces and objects. The evidence indicates clear functional dissociations between these regions, demonstrating that the FFA shows not only functional specificity but also area specificity. We end by speculating in §6 on some of the broader questions raised by current research on the FFA, including the developmental origins of this region and the question of whether faces are unique versus whether similarly specialized mechanisms also exist for other domains of high-level perception and cognition.
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Ritchie, Kay. "Biases in face perception: Evidence from face matching tasks with own and other races, ages and species". Cognitive Psychology Bulletin 1, n. 9 (30 gennaio 2024): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscog.2024.1.9.24.
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We know from the literature that we are better at remembering people from our own groups (own ethnic heritage, age, social groups etc). This article outlines three experiments looking at biases in face matching tasks – tasks which do not require memory. We tested people with faces from their own and other ethnic heritage, age, and species and did not find coherent evidence for own group biases in face matching.
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Akram, Umair, Rachel Sharman e Amy Newman. "Altered Perception of Facially Expressed Tiredness in Insomnia". Perception 47, n. 1 (11 agosto 2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006617725241.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study compared normal sleepers and individuals displaying insomnia symptoms in their ratings for the expression intensity of tiredness and alertness whilst observing tired and neutral faces. Fifty-six normal sleepers and 58 individuals with insomnia symptoms observed 98 facial photographs (49 neutral, 49 tired). Using a visual analogue scale, participants were required to rate the extent to which each face appeared as tired and alert. Tired faces were created by manipulating neutral photographs to include previously identified facial tiredness cues. All participants rated sleep-related faces as more tired and less alert relative to neutral photographs. A significant Group × Face × Rating interaction demonstrated that, compared with normal sleepers, the insomnia symptoms group showed lower ratings for the expression of tiredness, but not alertness, whilst observing the tired faces. The findings suggest that the presence of insomnia symptoms is associated with reduced ratings of expression intensity for sleep-related facial photographs displaying tiredness. These outcomes add to the body of literature on how facial cues of tiredness are perceived by those with insomnia symptoms. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between insomnia symptoms and reduced perceptions of facially expressed tiredness.
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B.M.P., Somaratna. "LEARNING MODE: FACE TO FACE VS ONLINE; PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS IN SRI LANKA". International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 8, n. 6 (1 ottobre 2023): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2023.v08i06.002.
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Sri Lanka has always been a country with a comparatively high literacy rate. The Government of Sri Lanka has always made a great effort to provide high quality education at all levels to its citizens. However, compared to other developed countries of the world the mode of education delivery remained unchanged until recently. It continued to be the age-old face-to-face method. The Covid 19 pandemic made it difficult for students to attend schools. So, the face-to-face mode of education delivery had to change. This pushed the country towards the online mode of education delivery. However, it faces several challenges, and its success depends on a number of factors. This study aims to analyse perceptions of students studying in Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in Sri Lanka on Online Learning Vs Face-to-Face Learning. Data for this study was randomly collected from 500 numbers of current students at Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. A questionnaire was administered. The questions were categorized according to the conceptual framework developed based on the literature review. The data was analysed using computer-based software packages. The results of this study can be helpful to Sri Lankan Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in choosing the mode of delivery of their courses/programmes.
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Said, Christopher P., James V. Haxby e Alexander Todorov. "Brain systems for assessing the affective value of faces". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, n. 1571 (12 giugno 2011): 1660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0351.
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Cognitive neuroscience research on facial expression recognition and face evaluation has proliferated over the past 15 years. Nevertheless, large questions remain unanswered. In this overview, we discuss the current understanding in the field, and describe what is known and what remains unknown. In §2, we describe three types of behavioural evidence that the perception of traits in neutral faces is related to the perception of facial expressions, and may rely on the same mechanisms. In §3, we discuss cortical systems for the perception of facial expressions, and argue for a partial segregation of function in the superior temporal sulcus and the fusiform gyrus. In §4, we describe the current understanding of how the brain responds to emotionally neutral faces. To resolve some of the inconsistencies in the literature, we perform a large group analysis across three different studies, and argue that one parsimonious explanation of prior findings is that faces are coded in terms of their typicality. In §5, we discuss how these two lines of research—perception of emotional expressions and face evaluation—could be integrated into a common, cognitive neuroscience framework.
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Kim, Geun Myun, Soo Jung Chang e Jeong Ah Kim. "Types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice among nursing students". Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 29, n. 3 (31 agosto 2023): 247–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2023.29.3.247.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program.Results: The nursing students’ perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: “future professional competency-focused type,” “realistic convenience priority type,” “task burden awareness type,” “negative critic type,” and “limited experience dissatisfaction type.”Conclusion: This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice’s positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.
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Wright, Brenda M. "BLENDED LEARNING: STUDENT PERCEPTION OF FACE-TO-FACE AND ONLINE EFL LESSONS". Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 7, n. 1 (31 maggio 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i1.6859.
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With the ever-increasing development of technology, online teaching is more readily accepted as a viable component in teaching and learning, and blended learning, the combining of online and face-to-face learning, is becoming commonplace in many higher education institutions. Blended learning is, particularly in developing countries, in its early stages and not without its challenges. Asynchronous online lessons are currently still more prevalent in many areas of South-East Asia, perhaps due to potential difficulty in obtaining strong Internet connections, which may deter educators from synchronous options. Technological media have the potential to broaden the scope of resources available in teaching and to enhance the language learning experience. Although research to date shows some focus on blended learning, literature on distance online teaching seems more prevalent. This study exposed 112 Malaysian undergraduate EFL students' responses to an online lesson as part of an English grammar course, and investigates common student perceptions of the online lesson as compared with face-to-face lessons. Questionnaires using qualitative (Likert scale questions) and quantitative (open-ended questions) approaches provided data for content analysis to determine common student perceptions, with particular reference to motivation and interest. In general, more students associated in-class lessons with higher motivation and more interest, due to better understanding, valued classroom interaction with the lecturer and peers, and input from the lecturer. Students preferring the online lesson cited speed and convenience of study and flexibility of time and place of study as reasons for their choice. Skilful implementation of online lessons can enhance a language course but should not undermine the value of face-to-face instruction with EFL teachers.
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Kim, Jwa Gyeom, Soon Won Hwang e Sang Hee Lee. "A study on subjectivity of university students’ perception of non-face-to-face counseling using Q methodology". Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, n. 13 (15 luglio 2022): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.13.355.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objectives This study aims to contribute to revitalization as a follow-up study of non-face-to-face counseling by finding out the subjectivity and characteristics of non-face-to-face counseling among university students. Methods To this end, a total of 13 days from November 2 to November 15, 2021, using the Q method that comprehensively deals with individual values, attitudes, perceptions, and meanings, and can deal with university students' comprehensive perception of non-face-to-face counseling First, 98 statements were extracted through literature analysis, and secondarily, 1 each for a counselor with non-face-to-face counseling experience, a university student with non-face-to-face counseling experience, a counselor with face-to-face counseling experience, and a university student with face-to-face counseling experience. A total of 132 statements were derived by adding 25 statements through an interview with a total of 4 persons each, and 25 university students were selected as 010-8234-9408-samples and Q classification was performed. The collected data was analyzed using PC-QUANL Program. Results Type 1 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling trusting the effect of non-face-to-face counseling’, Type 2 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling non-preferential type that feels the limit of interaction in non-face-to-face space’, Type 3 is ‘non-face-to-face counseling is the next best thing’ ‘Preference for face-to-face counseling’ and Type 4 were ‘Preference for non-face-to-face counseling that feels comfortable in a non-face-to-face space’. Conclusions Through the results of this study, the subjective perception structure of university students was classified and confirmed by focusing on the recognition of non-face-to-face counseling by university students, and it is expected to be used as basic data to increase university students' access to non-face-to-face counseling.
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BAL, Fatih. "Investigation of the Tendency of People with Soft Facial Expressions to be Perceived as Innocent / Not Guilty". Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 14, n. 4 (27 dicembre 2022): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1093384.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The facial recognition process in the brain has a powerful emotional feature. This is why people can rarely be indifferent to facial expressions in their dealings with other people. Every face has a term. Some people appear reliable, helpful, kind, dangerous, harsh, and disloyal in this context. People perceive faces holistically rather than as a set of distinct features. Recognizing faces happens so naturally and quickly that we rarely think twice. Recognizing a face is instant and effortless. In a moment, we realize that we are indeed looking at a face, but we also define who they are and what mood they have. We can identify an individual's identity, attitude, gender, race, age, and direction of attention in a second. Emoticons seem to jump straight into our brains from people's faces. Conveying emotions is one of the most critical roles of the human face. Facial perception has been a topic of debate since the dawn of scientific research. The ability to recognize faces helps communicate with people and learn about the environment. Studies have shown that people with delicate facial features are more likely to be found innocent or innocent. Some people may seem sad, and some may seem threatening. In this study, the reason for this was reviewed using the "literature review" method. In this direction, soft facial expression, facial attractiveness, baby-faced, innocent perception processes were examined. As a result of the study, it was seen that people have stereotypes about facial appearance, and people with soft facial expressions are perceived as more innocent. Two different ways in the face recognition process are the consciousness in the upper layers of the cortex and the unconscious amygdala, which is in the limbic system, which is deep in the brain.
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Al-Saggaf, Mohammad Ali, Siti Nur Fahihah Ainina Binti Mohd Rafiee e Mohammed Al-Aqad. "BTESL Studets’ Perception Towards Literature Subjects". Journal of Translation and Language Studies 2, n. 2 (7 agosto 2021): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.48185/jtls.v2i2.319.
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This study investigates Bachelor of Teaching English as Second Language (BTESL) second and third-year students’ perception towards literature subjects in a higher education institute in Malaysia and identifies the perception, attitude and challenges faced by BTESL second and third-year students in learning literature subjects. The study involves 188 participants from a Malaysian higher education institute BTESL second and third-year students. The sample is being chosen based on the literature subjects that have been taken by the sample. A structured questionnaire has been prepared as the instrument of the study. A total of 45 items is designing in 4 different sections; including the demographic section; it applies the 5-point Likert-scales to collect the data from the respondents. The findings show the students have positive perceptions and attitudes in learning literature subjects. There are challenges faced by the student in learning literature subjects that need to be overcome by the educators. Consequently, in ensuring an effective teaching and learning process on literature subject, there must have considered in selecting text to be included in the classroom. The educators play an important role in identifying the student needs in ensuring the success of the teaching and learning process.
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Nikitina, E. A. "Perception of health by photos of children faces". Experimental Psychology (Russia) 8, n. 4 (2015): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2015080407.
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This work is devoted to study of the perception and recognition of features and characteristics of a human face that determine such important characteristic of man, as his health. However, the ambiguity of the interpretation of the term “health” in psychological literature leads to certain difficulties in operationalization of this concept and formalization of criteria of its assessment. The results of the study indicate the need for the study of perception, not only concerning the permanent characteristics of the human face, but also the importance of taking into account the variable parameters - facial expressions and complexion
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Walton, Victoria, Anne Hogden, Julie Johnson e David Greenfield. "Ward rounds, participants, roles and perceptions: literature review". International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 29, n. 4 (9 maggio 2016): 364–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-04-2015-0053.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to classify and describe the purpose of ward rounds, who attends each round and their role, and participants’ perception of each other’s role during the respective ward rounds. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review of face-to-face ward rounds in medical wards was conducted. Peer reviewed journals and government publications published between 2000 and 2014 were searched. Articles were classified according to the type of round described in the study. Purposes were identified using keywords in the description of why the round was carried out. Descriptions of tasks and interactions with team members defined participant roles. Findings – Eight round classifications were identified. The most common were the generalised ward; multidisciplinary; and consultant rounds. Multidisciplinary rounds were the most collaborative round. Medical officers were the most likely discipline to attend any round. There was limited reference to allied health clinicians and patient involvement on rounds. Perceptions attendees held of each other reiterated the need to continue to investigate teamwork. Practical implications – A collaborative approach to care planning can occur by ensuring clinicians and patients are aware of different ward round processes and their role in them. Originality/value – Analysis fulfils a gap in the literature by identifying and analysing the different ward rounds being undertaken in acute medical wards. It identifies the complexities in the long established routine hospital processes of the ward round.
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Stevenage, Sarah V., Rebecca Edey, Rebecca Keay, Rebecca Morrison e David J. Robertson. "Familiarity Is Key: Exploring the Effect of Familiarity on the Face-Voice Correlation". Brain Sciences 14, n. 2 (23 gennaio 2024): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14020112.
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Recent research has examined the extent to which face and voice processing are associated by virtue of the fact that both tap into a common person perception system. However, existing findings do not yet fully clarify the role of familiarity in this association. Given this, two experiments are presented that examine face-voice correlations for unfamiliar stimuli (Experiment 1) and for familiar stimuli (Experiment 2). With care being taken to use tasks that avoid floor and ceiling effects and that use realistic speech-based voice clips, the results suggested a significant positive but small-sized correlation between face and voice processing when recognizing unfamiliar individuals. In contrast, the correlation when matching familiar individuals was significant and positive, but much larger. The results supported the existing literature suggesting that face and voice processing are aligned as constituents of an overarching person perception system. However, the difference in magnitude of their association here reinforced the view that familiar and unfamiliar stimuli are processed in different ways. This likely reflects the importance of a pre-existing mental representation and cross-talk within the neural architectures when processing familiar faces and voices, and yet the reliance on more superficial stimulus-based and modality-specific analysis when processing unfamiliar faces and voices.
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Gräßler, Nadine. "„Verhülle nicht dein Gesicht vor mir“ – Konzepte von Gesicht und Wahrnehmung im alten Ägypten". Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 148, n. 1 (1 giugno 2021): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaes-2021-0100.
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Summary The face (ḥr) is one of the most documented body parts in ancient Egyptian texts and its semantics covers a wide range of meanings. The face is especially involved in bodily perception linked with the facial senses (eyes, ears, nose and mouth). In this paper concepts of the face in connection with perception and communication will be examined. The first part focuses on prototypical considerations about the composition of the face and Egyptian iconographic characteristics. The second part explores textual sources to illustrate the usages of the word ḥr in connection with perception, attention and communication.
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Lepage, M., K. Sergerie, A. Benoit, Y. Czechowska, E. Dickie e J. L. Armony. "Emotional face processing and flat affect in schizophrenia: functional and structural neural correlates". Psychological Medicine 41, n. 9 (2 febbraio 2011): 1833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000031.
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BackgroundThere is a general consensus in the literature that schizophrenia causes difficulties with facial emotion perception and discrimination. Functional brain imaging studies have observed reduced limbic activity during facial emotion perception but few studies have examined the relation to flat affect severity.MethodA total of 26 people with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls took part in this event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Sad, happy and neutral faces were presented in a pseudo-random order and participants indicated the gender of the face presented. Manual segmentation of the amygdala was performed on a structural T1 image.ResultsBoth the schizophrenia group and the healthy control group rated the emotional valence of facial expressions similarly. Both groups exhibited increased brain activity during the perception of emotional faces relative to neutral ones in multiple brain regions, including multiple prefrontal regions bilaterally, the right amygdala, right cingulate cortex and cuneus. Group comparisons, however, revealed increased activity in the healthy group in the anterior cingulate, right parahippocampal gyrus and multiple visual areas. In schizophrenia, the severity of flat affect correlated significantly with neural activity in several brain areas including the amygdala and parahippocampal region bilaterally.ConclusionsThese results suggest that many of the brain regions involved in emotional face perception, including the amygdala, are equally recruited in both schizophrenia and controls, but flat affect can also moderate activity in some other brain regions, notably in the left amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally. There were no significant group differences in the volume of the amygdala.
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Li, Linfei, e Yanfen Huang. "Sustainable Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change: Exploring Farmers’ Risk Perception, Low-Carbon Technology Adoption, and Productivity in the Guanzhong Plain of China". Water 15, n. 12 (13 giugno 2023): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15122228.
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Agriculture is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, and reducing carbon emissions in this sector is essential for mitigating global warming. To achieve China’s targets of carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, promoting low-carbon agricultural technology (LCAT) is fundamental. This study examines the impact of farmers’ risk perception on LCAT adoption behavior and its productivity effects with the Ordered Probit regression method, using micro survey data from 531 farmers in Shaanxi Province, China. The results show that farmers with stronger risk perceptions were more likely to adopt LCAT, based on their loss aversion characteristics. Additionally, farmers’ perceptions of yield, market, and climate risks positively influence the adoption of LCAT, with market risk perception having the strongest effect. Adopting LCAT has significant production and spillover effects, improving the output rate of farmers’ operating farmland and neighboring plots by 2.4% and 1.2%, respectively, for each additional measure adopted. This study contributes to the perception and loss aversion literature by examining farmers’ adoption of low-carbon agricultural practices. This study sheds light on the importance of risk perception in the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and can inform policies aimed at promoting the adoption of LCAT for achieving sustainable agriculture and mitigating climate change, highlighting the crucial role of sustainable environmental management in the agricultural sector.
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Adelman, Deborah S., Catherine Fant e Julia C. Koklys. "APRNs' perception of telehealth use". Nurse Practitioner 48, n. 10 (ottobre 2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.npr.0000000000000104.
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Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant increase in the use of telehealth. Although advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) play an essential role in improving healthcare accessibility, including the provision of telehealth, for many individuals, few studies examining provider perceptions of telehealth have included APRN participants. Methods: This article describes a quantitative, descriptive study involving a survey administered electronically to a convenience sample of APRNs from one state. Results: Seventy-five APRN participants completed the survey, with NPs comprising nearly 90% of the sample. On average, surveyed APRNs had been conducting telehealth visits for 2.57 years. Most participants were able to develop or maintain rapport with new or established patients using telehealth and felt that their patients were satisfied by these visits. More than one-third of participants reported that new patients seen via telehealth received somewhat worse care than patients seen face to face, and one-quarter reported that established patients seen via telehealth received somewhat worse care. Conclusion: Although some concerns exist, overall, APRNs' perceptions of the use of telehealth were positive, with most wishing to continue providing care via telehealth in the future. This study adds to the literature on providers' perceptions of telehealth by describing the APRN viewpoint.
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Salgado-Chamorro, Delio Luis, Víctor Mario Noble-Ramos e Sebastián Gómez-Jaramillo. "Adoption of Learning Management Systems in Face-to-Face Learning: A Systematic Literature Review of Variables, Relationships, and Models". International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 22, n. 12 (30 dicembre 2023): 326–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.12.16.
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The use of learning management systems (LMSs) is an outstanding research topic in technology and education. LMSs are used for fully virtual, blended, and face-to-face learning processes. There are reviews in the field on variables and models that explain LMS adoption. However, no literature reviews have been found that analyze LMSs for face-to-face educational processes. As such, the aim of this paper was to conduct a literature review that identifies the variables involved in LMS adoption and their relationships, especially in those studies where the LMS was used to support face-to-face teaching−learning processes. Another aim was to identify the models used in the literature to understand the phenomenon under study. We analyzed 50 research studies and identified approximately 295 variables and their relationships, as well as 11 models attempting to explain the phenomenon. The variables we found include user perception, quality, user skills, social influence, behavior, access, cost, attitude towards use, and intention to use. Very little research has explored the use of LMSs to support face-to-face teaching and learning processes. We therefore see an opportunity for future research in this area.
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Peano, Cristiana, Valentina Maria Merlino, Francesco Sottile, Danielle Borra e Stefano Massaglia. "Sustainability for Food Consumers: Which Perception?" Sustainability 11, n. 21 (25 ottobre 2019): 5955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215955.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A sustainable future for the community is one of the objectives established by the European Union Agenda 2030. Furthermore, sustainable consumption has been identified as one of the possible trajectories for sustainable development. It is for this reason that food production, distribution and consumption ways cannot be overlooked for sustainability achievement, as well as the consumer’s related perception. In this research the Best–Worst scaling methodology was adopted to explore the priorities declared by a sample of 801 consumers among 12 different sustainability definitions selected from the scientific literature. The choice experiment was carried out through face-to-face interviews during two food and wine events closely related to the sustainability theme in the food sector. The respondents considered as sustainability priority definition the “preservation of natural resources”, followed by “decent working conditions” and “accessibility for everyone to healthy and safe food”. Moreover, 5 consumer’s clusters were identified according to the priorities assigned to the different sustainability definitions, as well as to individuals socio-demographic characteristics. The description of the priorities assigned by the clusters to the different sustainability definitions have also been described as guidelines for consumer attitudes towards the different sustainability dimensions (environmental, social, economic and governance).
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Henderson, Audrey J., Iris J. Holzleitner, Sean N. Talamas e David I. Perrett. "Perception of health from facial cues". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, n. 1693 (5 maggio 2016): 20150380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0380.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Impressions of health are integral to social interactions, yet poorly understood. A review of the literature reveals multiple facial characteristics that potentially act as cues to health judgements. The cues vary in their stability across time: structural shape cues including symmetry and sexual dimorphism alter slowly across the lifespan and have been found to have weak links to actual health, but show inconsistent effects on perceived health. Facial adiposity changes over a medium time course and is associated with both perceived and actual health. Skin colour alters over a short time and has strong effects on perceived health, yet links to health outcomes have barely been evaluated. Reviewing suggested an additional influence of demeanour as a perceptual cue to health. We, therefore, investigated the association of health judgements with multiple facial cues measured objectively from two-dimensional and three-dimensional facial images. We found evidence for independent contributions of face shape and skin colour cues to perceived health. Our empirical findings: (i) reinforce the role of skin yellowness; (ii) demonstrate the utility of global face shape measures of adiposity; and (iii) emphasize the role of affect in facial images with nominally neutral expression in impressions of health.
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Hastomo, Tommy, e Hajjah Zulianti. "EFL Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Google Meet in Online Learning During the Time of Coronavirus: A Literature Review". SELTICS 4, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46918/seltics.v4i2.916.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
During the pandemic, the teaching and learning process is carried out by implementing e- learning or online learning. One of the most common applications that are used in online learning is Google Meet. The researchers focused on EFL students’ perception by looking for significant studies using information and communication technology using Google Meet for students' English learning during the pandemic. The data used in this literature review are published articles in the form of pdf format. Thus, a total of six studies were found relevant to review. The result showed that using Google Meet in online learning during the pandemic is helpful to assist their learning process. However, students still prefer face-to-face learning because online learning tends to get boring and uninteresting. After all, most teachers are incapable of using an online application to provide an engaging, creative, and innovative learning environment.
Keywords: Students’ Perceptions, Google Meet, Online Learning, EFL.
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García Lirios, Cruz. "Modeling Perception Entrepreneurship in the Covid-19 Era". Clinical Research and Clinical Reports 02, n. 03 (12 giugno 2023): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2835-8325/019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose. The objective of this study is to study the literature related to social entrepreneurship published from 2020 to 2023 in order to model its theoretical dimensions in factors. Theoretical framework. Based on the theory of social entrepreneurship, which maintains that in the face of economic crises, communities disseminate information for economic cooperation, its opportunity dimensions are modeled: economic, political, social, financial, and environmental. Method. An exploratory, cross-sectional, psychometric and correlational study was carried out with a sample of 100 microentrepreneurs from a town in central Mexico selected for their participation in the local entrepreneurship and development system called magical towns. Practical and social implications. The established factorial model will make it possible to delimit local microfinancing policies for microenterprises. Originality. The value of the study lies in establishing the validity and reliability of an instrument that measures social entrepreneurship in the face of the pandemic.
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Haider, Iftikhar, e Hamed Zandi. "In my professor’s eyes: Faculty and perceived impoliteness in student emails". Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 18, n. 1 (1 maggio 2022): 197–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpp-2022-0009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Impoliteness in student emails to faculty can have negative consequences. However, the nuances of perceived impoliteness by faculty with different language backgrounds have not been thoroughly studied in the literature. This paper explores how emails written by non-native English-speaking students are perceived impolite by faculty depending on social identity variables such as native speaker status, gender, and seniority. Participants (n = 152 faculty) read six emails and rated their perceptions of the emails on a questionnaire. The items on the questionnaire were about lack of face enhancement, use of face threat, acknowledgment of imposition, and not giving a choice in complying with requests. Results suggest that in their perceptions of the lack of face enhancement, senior faculty seemed to be more tolerant than their junior counterparts. Further, non-native speakers of English were found to be more tolerant of the lack of acknowledgment of imposition. However, no significant association was observed between the social identity of the faculty and their perception of face threat nor between social identity and giving a choice in complying with requests. The paper has implications for raising the awareness of the faculty and students about their potential biases in academic correspondence.
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Murrja, Arif, Denisa Kurtaj, Agim Ndregjoni e Llambi Prend. "Vegetable Farmers’ Perception of Production Risk Sources and Environmental Aspects – Descriptive Statistical Analysis and Multifactorial Linear Regression". WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 19 (11 settembre 2023): 826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2023.19.78.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Farmers make decisions with incomplete information. Industrial producers can determine the number of products they produce using different inputs. Farmers find it impossible. The paper aims to measure farmers’ perception of sources of production risk. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed based on the researched literature and the reality of the farms. We conducted face-to-face interviews with 260 farmers to assess how they assess sources of production risk. We measured perception using a 1-to-5 Likert scale psychometric rating. From the descriptive statistical analysis, the perception of the farmers for the production risk is very high. Also, the perception of the five sources of risk (drought, flooding, low temperature, non-quality factors of production, and damage) varies from high to very high. While from the regression analysis, the statistically significant variables are drought and flood. Their impact is 86% on production risk.
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Ganhao, I., M. Trigo e A. Paixao. "The impact of protective face masks and coverings on patient-health provider communication". European Psychiatry 64, S1 (aprile 2021): S312—S313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.840.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
IntroductionAmid the COVID-19 pandemic the trend points to universal use of protective face masks. The impact posed on verbal and non-verbal communication by masks is yet another challenge to be addressed in clinical care.ObjectivesTo reflect on the consequences of face mask and covering use on communication in the clinical setting, including mental health settings.MethodsPubmed and Google Scholar literature search using terms face mask / face covering and communication / emotion.ResultsThere is a lack of literature on the impact of protective face masks and coverings on communication in clinical settings. Face masks and coverings may have a significant impact on patient-healthcare professional relationship due to disruption of verbal (poorer quality of speech transmission) and non-verbal communication (emotional expression and recognition) with consequences on: 1) clarity of communication with potential for misunderstanding clinical information, advice and prescriptions posing safety issues, 2) emotion perception, expression and reciprocity, 4) perception of healthcare professionals’ empathy and therefore, 3) patient satisfaction, 4) quality of care, and 5) clinical outcomes. Difficulties in communication between the patients´family or other carers and healthcare providers and between healthcare professionals are likewise challenged. People with hearing impairment, children and people with mental illness may be especially vulnerable to these difficulties in communication.ConclusionsProtective face masks and coverings are undoubtedly important in preventing spread of COVID-19, nonetheless mental healthcare professionals should take into account their significant impact on verbal and non-verbal communication in clinical care. Alternative strategies to enhance communication and rapport may be warranted.
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Dedeoğlu, Bekir Bora, e Halil Demirer. "Differences in service quality perceptions of stakeholders in the hotel industry". International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 27, n. 1 (9 febbraio 2015): 130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-08-2013-0350.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – Studies in the service quality evaluation literature have generally attempted to determine the service quality perception level of customers by mainly focusing on customers’ quality evaluations. However, the nature and characteristics of differences in service quality perceptions among customers, managers and employees are not sufficiently researched. In this study, the differences in service quality perceptions among the aforementioned stakeholders are examined. Design/methodology/approach – Multivariate analysis of variance was used to test the significant differences between stakeholder’s perceptions of service quality, using a sample of 845 hotel stakeholders (customers, employees and managers). Findings – The findings showed that employees perceived service performance to be at a high level, while customers perceived it to be at a low level. According to the post-hoc test, even though managers’ perception of service quality performance was lower than that of employees, no significant difference was found between them. In addition, it was determined by second-order confirmatory factor analysis that the lowest explanation ratio was the tangible dimension in SERVQUAL. Originality/value – One major shortcoming in the concept of service quality is that stakeholders perceive service quality differently. In particular, a hotel business that lacks service quality may face issues such as negative customer satisfaction, lack of customer loyalty and lower competitive advantage. However, while most of the studies on the hotel sector in the literature focus mainly on the evaluation of customers for service quality, other stakeholders’ (employees’ and managers’) perceptions have been ignored. Therefore, the current study’s contribution to the literature explores the differences in stakeholders’ perceptions of the hotel industry.
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Shen, Dan-Dan, e Chiung-Sui Chang. "Exploring College Students' Deeper Learning Perceptions in the Blended Learning Environment". International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 18, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.313184.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the rapid development of information communication technology (ICT) in teaching, deeper learning has become an essential competency for success in the 21st-century classroom. College students' deeper learning assessments can indicate the degree of technology-enhanced learning effectiveness and inform further instructional design optimization. However, comprehensive measures for assessing college students' deeper learning and the impact of background variables on deeper learning in the low-, medium-, and high-blend learning environments are scarcely mentioned in the literature. This paper proposes a deeper learning self-assessment scale (DLSS) comprising higher-order cognitive, interactive, and reflective learning dimensions, validated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. This paper also examines deeper learning perceptions in three types of blended learning environments with various proportions of online and face-to-face learning and explores perception differences among the students of different genders, school years, and fields of study. Findings indicated positive deeper learning perceptions were higher in the medium-blend courses.
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Silverman, Allan. "Plato on Perception and ‘Commons’". Classical Quarterly 40, n. 1 (maggio 1990): 148–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800026859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
On the face of it, Plato's treatment of aisthesis is decidedly ambiguous. Sometimes he treats aisthesis as a faculty which, though distinct from all rational capacities, is nonetheless capable of forming judgments such as ‘This stick is bent’ or ‘The same thing is hard and soft’. In the Theaetetus, however, he appears to separate aisthesis from judgment, isolating the former from all prepositional, identificatory and recognitional capacities. The dilemma is easily expressed: Is perception a judgmental or cognitive capacity, or is it a non-judgmental, non-cognitive capacity? If the former, how does perception differ from belief? If the latter, is perception a faculty of the rational or irrational soul? Not surprisingly, the topic has received much scrutiny over the years. And equally unsurprisingly, the debate has turned as much on what it means for a capacity to be judgmental, cognitive, non-judgmental or non-cognitive, as on whether Plato says that it is of either kind.
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Musdalifah, Musdalifah. "Teacher and Student Perception through Online Literature Circle on Reading Comprehension: a Phenomenology Study". ELLITE: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching 6, n. 1 (27 giugno 2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/ellite.v6i1.4880.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Online learning has been applied during the COVID 19 pandemic. This is one of the challenges in a teaching-learning activity that changes into a new process from face-to-face learning to online learning. It must be done by the teacher to deliver some materials to their students. One of the activities in teaching English language is reading comprehension. In this case, reading activity is useful for students related to this pandemic situation. Implementing online teaching by using online literature circles for the students at vocational high school is suitable to make them more creative and independent in the learning process. Teaching reading as an activity in learning English in vocational high school still uses an intensive method, it makes students are required to understand the reading text by being able to answer questions such as multiple choice or essays. Online literature circle activity that engages students to share their idea and discuss through a reading activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of students and the teacher perception of online literature circles through reading comprehension. The material that was applied in the research is about the application letter. The study involved 15 students at class twelve of network computer techniques at vocational high school in Ibrahimy 2 Sukorejo, Situbondo. Qualitative design is used in this study especially phenomenological research framework, with a deep interview by WhatsApp. The data was documented by using a message on WhatsApp.
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Erickson, William Blake, e Dawn R. Weatherford. "Measuring the Contributions of Perceptual and Attentional Processes in the Complete Composite Face Paradigm". Vision 7, n. 4 (17 novembre 2023): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision7040076.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Theories of holistic face processing vary widely with respect to conceptualizations, paradigms, and stimuli. These divergences have left several theoretical questions unresolved. Namely, the role of attention in face perception is understudied. To rectify this gap in the literature, we combined the complete composite face task (allowing for predictions of multiple theoretical conceptualizations and connecting with a large body of research) with a secondary auditory discrimination task at encoding (to avoid a visual perceptual bottleneck). Participants studied upright, intact faces within a continuous recognition paradigm, which intermixes study and test trials at multiple retention intervals. Within subjects, participants studied faces under full or divided attention. Test faces varied with respect to alignment, congruence, and retention intervals. Overall, we observed the predicted beneficial outcomes of holistic processing (e.g., higher discriminability for Congruent, Aligned faces relative to Congruent, Misaligned faces) that persisted across retention intervals and attention. However, we did not observe the predicted detrimental outcomes of holistic processing (e.g., higher discriminability for Incongruent, Misaligned faces relative to Incongruent, Aligned faces). Because the continuous recognition paradigm exerts particularly strong demands on attention, we interpret these findings through the lens of resource dependency and domain specificity.
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Menshikova, Galina Ya, e Anna O. Pichugina. "TO THE QUESTION OF PECULIARITIES OF EYE MOVEMENT ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF FACE PERCEPTION". Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, n. 1 (2021): 196–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2021.01.08.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. The article is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of face perception when using the technology of eye-tracking. In the scientific literature, two processes are distinguished - analytical (perception of individual facial features) and holistic (perception of a general configuration of facial features). It is assumed that each of the mechanisms can be specifically manifested in patterns of eye movements during face perception. However, there is disagreement among the authors concerning the eye movements patterns which reflect the dominance of the holistic or analytic processing. We hypothesized that the contradictions in the interpretation of eye movement indicators in the studies of face perception may be associated with the features of the eye-tracker data processing, namely, with the specifics of identifying areas of interest (eyes, nose, bridge of the nose, lips), as well as with individual strategies of eye movements. Objective. Revealing the features of eye movements analysis in the process of facial perception. Method. A method for studying analytical and holistic processing in the task of assessing the attractiveness of upright and inverted faces using eye-tracking technology has been developed and tested. The eye-tracking data were analyzed for the entire sample using three types of processing, differing in the marking of the areas of interest (AOIs), and separately for two groups differing in eye movement strategies. The distinction of strategies was considered based on differences in the mean values of the fixation duration and the amplitude of saccades. Results. It was shown that: the presence of statistically significant differences of the dwell time in the AOIs between the condition of upright and inverted faces depended on the method of identifying these AOIs. It was shown that the distribution of the dwell time by zones is closely related to individual strategies of eye movements. Analysis of the data separately by groups showed significant differences in the distribution of the dwell time in the AOIs. Conclusion. When processing eye-tracking data obtained in the studies of face perception, it is necessary to consider individual strategies of eye movements, as well as the features associated with identifying AOIs. The absence of a single standard for identifying these areas can be the reason for inconsistency of the data about the holistic or analytical processing dominance. According to our data, the most effective for the analysis of holistic processing is a more detailed type of marking the AOIs, in which not only the main features (eyes, nose, mouth) are distinguished, but also the area of the nose bridge and nose.
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Alaska, Yasser A., Nawaf M. Alqahtani, Amani K. Al Zahrani, Rawan Alshahri, Rana Z. Malyani e Rabab B. Alkutbe. "Evaluating the content and face validity of Arabic-translated Patient Measures of Safety survey PMOS-30". PLOS ONE 19, n. 6 (13 giugno 2024): e0304151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304151.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background The importance of patient perception of patient safety has been proven as an active role in promoting safety and predicting harm. Patients play a vital role in the healthcare sector and the impact of patient perception of patient safety has been repetitively proven in the literature to be for its effectiveness in predicting harm and promoting safety. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge about the specific insights patients can provide concerning safety within Arab countries. Therefore, improving and strengthening active patient participation by including patients’ perceptions of safety could offer novel contributions to the realm of patient safety. Objective This study aims to evaluate the validity of the Arabic version of the PMOS-30. Method The forward-backward translation procedure was used to translate and validate the PMOS-30. Mix methods were used to assess the validity of the translated version. The expert raters evaluated the content validity and interviews were conducted with in-patients to assess the face validity. Test-retest approach was conducted to pilot the final Arabic version. Results Data of face validity from 13 participants for the first test and 5 participants for the re-test was collected and showed an improvement in the clarity rate (71.50% and 94.66% respectively). With respect to the content validity of the final version, the CVI was 0.92, indicating excellent relevant results. Conclusion The final version of the revised was approved by the expert to be a valid tool to measure patient perceptions of patient safety in Arabic-speaking patients to be utilized on patient safety improvement initiatives.
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Young, Andrew W., e A. Mike Burton. "Recognizing Faces". Current Directions in Psychological Science 26, n. 3 (giugno 2017): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721416688114.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The idea that most of us are good at recognizing faces permeates everyday thinking and is widely used in the research literature. However, it is a correct characterization only of familiar-face recognition. In contrast, the perception and recognition of unfamiliar faces can be surprisingly error-prone, and this has important consequences in many real-life settings. We emphasize the variability in views of faces encountered in everyday life and point out how neglect of this important property has generated some misleading conclusions. Many approaches have treated image variability as unwanted noise, whereas we show how studies that use and explore the implications of image variability can drive substantial theoretical advances.
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Teutsch, Doris, Philipp K. Masur e Sabine Trepte. "Privacy in Mediated and Nonmediated Interpersonal Communication: How Subjective Concepts and Situational Perceptions Influence Behaviors". Social Media + Society 4, n. 2 (aprile 2018): 205630511876713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305118767134.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
New communication media such as social networking sites (SNSs) and instant messengers (IMs) challenge users’ privacy perceptions. Technical infrastructures and the flow of digital information lead to novel privacy risks that individuals are often not acquainted with. Users’ subjective perceptions of privacy may thus be flawed and lead to irrational behavior. In this work, we investigated a concept that has been addressed only implicitly in academic research on privacy: the user’s subjective perception of a given level of privacy. We examined the literature on how privacy perceptions have been conceptualized in traditional theories of privacy and how these conceptualizations are challenged in social media communication. We first qualitatively explored laypeople’s privacy concepts and investigated their subjective perceptions of privacy levels and subsequent private disclosures in different mediated and nonmediated communication settings. Interviews with N = 33 Germans revealed that, similar to academic privacy theories, they tend to conceptualize privacy as control over social, physical, and psychological boundaries. However, trust and other-dependent privacy emerged as important novel aspects for understanding privacy regulation in online communication. We further found that individuals consistently perceived a high level of privacy in face-to-face situations and a low level of privacy in public communication on SNSs. With regard to IMs, however, their answers were mixed: Uncertainty regarding digital communication properties and audiences as well as limited control over the communication setting prevented a reliable and shared perception of the privacy level. With regard to privacy behavior and private disclosures, we found that people tend to adapt their sharing of private information to the perceived level of privacy.
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Brants, Marijke, Johan Wagemans e Hans P. Op de Beeck. "Activation of Fusiform Face Area by Greebles Is Related to Face Similarity but Not Expertise". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, n. 12 (dicembre 2011): 3949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00072.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Some of the brain areas in the ventral temporal lobe, such as the fusiform face area (FFA), are critical for face perception in humans, but what determines this specialization is a matter of debate. The face specificity hypothesis claims that faces are processed in a domain-specific way. Alternatively, the expertise hypothesis states that the FFA is specialized in processing objects of expertise. To disentangle these views, some previous experiments used an artificial class of novel objects called Greebles. These experiments combined a learning and fMRI paradigm. Given the high impact of the results in the literature, we replicated and further investigated this paradigm. In our experiment, eight participants were trained for ten 1-hr sessions at identifying Greebles. We scanned participants before and after training and examined responses in FFA and lateral occipital complex. Most importantly and in contrast to previous reports, we found a neural inversion effect for Greebles before training. This result suggests that people process the “novel” Greebles as faces, even before training. This prediction was confirmed in a postexperimental debriefing. In addition, we did not find an increase of the inversion effect for Greebles in the FFA after training. This indicates that the activity in the FFA for Greebles does not depend on the degree of expertise acquired with the objects but on the interpretation of the stimuli as face-related.
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Vitung, Aseh Emmanuel. "Perceptions of Agriculture by Elementary School and College Students in Mezam Division of North West Cameroon: A Qualitative Analysis". International Journal of Qualitative Research 3, n. 2 (27 novembre 2023): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijqr.v3i2.1104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study explored the perceptions of primary school pupils, secondary, and high school students in the Mezam Division of the North West Region of Cameroon. Existing literature points to declining youth interest in agriculture grounded on a largely negative perception of the sector, however, there is scant data on youth perception of agriculture in Cameroon. In the face of rising youth unemployment, there is a need to generate relevant data that can inform policies relating to youth entry and participation in the country’s agriculture. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 7 primary, secondary, and high schools respectively. The data were analyzed using the thematic approach, leading to the emergence of themes. The findings of the study indicate that pupils and students have largely positive perceptions of agriculture which are however not translated into high aspirations for career development in the sector, suggesting a need for targeted actions at various levels of the educational system. Further research that addresses perceived determinants of youth attraction to agriculture in the country, will contribute to informing youth-specific policy towards agriculture.
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KB Matovu, Joseph, Alex Mulyowa, Rogers Akorimo e Daniel Kirumira. "Knowledge, risk-perception, and uptake of COVID-19 prevention measures in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review". African Health Sciences 22, n. 3 (28 ottobre 2022): 542–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i3.59.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has almost affected the entire globe and is currently in a resurgent phase within the sub-Saharan African region.
Objective: This paper presents results from a scoping review of literature on knowledge, risk-perception, conspiracy theories and uptake of COVID-19 prevention measures in sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: We used the following search terms: ‘COVID-19’, ‘knowledge’, ‘perceptions’, ‘perspectives’, ‘misconceptions’, ‘conspiracy theories’, ‘practices’ and ‘sub-Saharan Africa’. Basing on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, we identified 466 articles for review; 36 articles met the inclusion criteria. We extracted data on knowledge, risk-perception, conspiracy theories and uptake of COVID-19 primary prevention measures.
Results: Knowledge of COVID-19 was high (91.3-100%) and associated with age and education; risk-perception was equally high (73.3-86.9%) but varied across studies. Uptake of hand-washing with water and soap or hand-sanitizing ranged between 63-96.4%, but wearing of face masks and social distancing fared poorly (face masks: 2.7%-37%; social distancing: 19-43%).
Conclusion: While knowledge of COVID-19 is nearly universal, uptake of COVID-19 prevention measures remains sub-optimal to defeat the pandemic. These findings suggest a need for continued health promotion to increase uptake of the recommended COVID-19 prevention measures in sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords: COVID-19; prevention; sub-Saharan Africa.
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Schultz, Robert T., David J. Grelotti, Ami Klin, Jamie Kleinman, Christiaan Van der Gaag, René Marois e Pawel Skudlarski. "The role of the fusiform face area in social cognition: implications for the pathobiology of autism". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, n. 1430 (28 febbraio 2003): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1208.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A region in the lateral aspect of the fusiform gyrus (FG) is more engaged by human faces than any other category of image. It has come to be known as the ‘fusiform face area’ (FFA). The origin and extent of this specialization is currently a topic of great interest and debate. This is of special relevance to autism, because recent studies have shown that the FFA is hypoactive to faces in this disorder. In two linked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of healthy young adults, we show here that the FFA is engaged by a social attribution task (SAT) involving perception of human–like interactions among three simple geometric shapes. The amygdala, temporal pole, medial prefrontal cortex, inferolateral frontal cortex and superior temporal sulci were also significantly engaged. Activation of the FFA to a task without faces challenges the received view that the FFA is restricted in its activities to the perception of faces. We speculate that abstract semantic information associated with faces is encoded in the FG region and retrieved for social computations. From this perspective, the literature on hypoactivation of the FFA in autism may be interpreted as a reflection of a core social cognitive mechanism underlying the disorder.
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Önder, Canan, e Batuhan Bakirarar. "Evaluating the Turkish validity and reliability of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in periodontal diseases". PeerJ 11 (11 settembre 2023): e16065. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16065.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ) is a widely used multifactorial scale that assesses the individuals’ perceptions of illness. Although there are studies investigating the psychometric properties of the Brief IPQ in many languages, the Turkish version of Brief IPQ on periodontal diseases has not been revealed so far. This study aimed to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the Brief IPQ and contribute to the literature. It is also aimed to evaluate the patients’ illness perception with periodontal disease and to reveal the possible effects of the disease on the patients’ daily life. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 patients with periodontal diseases (137 gingivitis and 72 periodontitis cases). Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical periodontal measurements of all patients were recorded. The Turkish versions of the Brief IPQ and the HAD Scale were applied to the patients via face-to-face. The construct validity was determined using confirmatory factor analysis. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were performed using ICC test and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. The concurrent validity was determined by using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale has one factor. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient results were found 0.843 and 0.854 for concurrent validity. Cronbach’s alpha value of the scale was 0.944 in the internal consistency analysis. ICC value was found to be 0.987 for test-retest reliability. Floor/ceiling effects were considered not to be present. Conclusions It was found that the Turkish version of The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire is valid and reliable. Brief IPQ may be used to determine the illness perception in patients with periodontal diseases.
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Vidanage, K. R., I. R. H. M. T. P. Rajakaruna e J. S. Kumari. "Issues and challenges in IFRS adoption: Perceptions of the Professional Accountants in Sri Lanka". International Journal of Accountancy 3, n. 1 (5 ottobre 2023): 44–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/ija.v3i1.49.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study mainly focused on identifying the IFRS adoption issues and challenges in the perception of Sri Lankan professional accountants. Professional Accountants face many obstacles when adopting the IFRS and identifying those issues and challenges and finding significant factors for them is mainly focused on his study. This study directly identifies what are the issues and challenges faced by Sri Lankan Professional Accountants and how the Accountants’ perception of issues and challenges are varied with the geometric characteristics. The quantitative research approach was used in the study and the questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from the Professional Accountants. The study used the convenience sampling technique to identify the sample for the study while ensuring representativeness. The sample size was 200 accountants. The Likert scale questionnaire was based on the literature and expert opinion on Sri Lankan IFRS adoption issues and challenges. To identify the major issues & challenges faced when adopting the IFRSs in the perceptions of professional accountants and identify the difference in perceptions on IFRS adoption issues and challenges of Accountants based on demographic characteristics Descriptive statistics and independent t – tests have been used. The study's findings particularly demonstrated that the accountants recognized every problem except one as having an impact on their work. A number of demographic factors were also examined, including gender, experience level, highest academic degree earned, professional certifications, and the sector. The study addresses the research gap in understanding the problems with IFRS adoption in Sri Lanka while offering useful insights for policymakers.
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Naresh B. e Rajalakshmi M. "A Conceptual Study on Employer Perception towards Hiring Employee with Online Degree/Certification". International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 16, n. 3 (luglio 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020070101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Higher education is enduring a transition across the world. This transition leads to the introduction of technology into the education system and provides opportunities to pursue a degree through online participation. According to Bramble and Panda, globalization plays a vital role in recognizing the necessity of providing online learning opportunities in higher education. The stakeholders and education institutions are very much concerned about the massive potential of online learning models. In the span of a decade, the demand for online courses has increased due to change in technology, lifestyle, economics, concerns of employees to develop knowledge, new competency skills and thinning out the geographical differences, etc. The innovative archetype of the online education is significant in quality, course content, satisfaction, and the perception of the users from various levels when compared to traditional face-to-face classroom systems. As a result, online education is more effective and efficient than the model of face-to-face education. The main objective of this research is to analyse and measure the various factors that affect employer perception towards online education systems in their recruitment process and cycle. 549 articles have been examined in terms of integrated literature review system to measure the impact. The result indicates, awareness, readiness, credentials and reputation are the major factors that affect employer perception on hiring decision.
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Artyomsteva, Nataliya G. "PORTRAIT: THE PERCEPTION OF A PERSON BY A PERSON AND THE ART OF TRANSMITTING THE IDEOLOGICAL ESSENCE BY ARTISTIC MEANS". Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, n. 4 (2022): 39–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2022.04.02.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. Th e article presents an overview and analytical study of the problem of perception of a person’s face by ordinary people and famous artists. Th e relevance of the research is dictated by attempts to solve the problem of the connection between the perceiver and the perceived subjects of the cognition process. The subject of the study was both the perception strategies of the perceiver, and the characteristics of the perceived person according to his portrait, his worldview. Objective. Review and analysis of studies devoted to the study of portrait perception strategies and the transmission of ideological characteristics by famous portrait artists. Methods. Review and analytical study of scientifi c literature in the fi eld of human perception by man, as well as analysis of the results of author’s research using methods of subjective semantics — content analysis and subjective scaling. Results. Th e fi rst part of the article presents the results of experiments on the perception of the image of a person’s face and its part, conducted within the framework of art studies, biology, technical sciences, pedagogy, various psychological schools, as well as by the author’s team over the past 25 years. Th e second part of the article off ers a theoretical analysis of the creative experience of famous artists in creating a portrait of a person. Special emphasis is placed on the transfer of a person’s worldview and personality in creating a portrait. Conclusion. In conclusion, the article identifi es new problems and directions of psychological research on the problem of perception of the ideological essence of a person by his face.
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Ammons, Carla J., Mary-Elizabeth Winslett e Rajesh K. Kana. "2288 Neural correlates of face processing in autism spectrum disorder: A quantitative meta-analysis of current literature and future directions". Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (giugno 2018): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.100.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 68 people and includes restricted, repetitive behavior, and social communication deficits. Aspects of face processing (i.e., identity, emotion perception) are impaired in some with ASD. Neuroimaging studies have shown aberrant patterns of brain activation and connectivity of face processing regions. However, small sample sizes and inconsistent results have hindered clinical utility of these findings. The study aims to establish consistent patterns of brain responses to faces in ASD and provide directions for future research. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Neuroimaging studies were identified through a multi-database search according to PRISMA guidelines. In total, 23 studies were retained for a sample size of 383 healthy controls and 345 ASD. Peak coordinates were extracted for activation likelihood estimation (ALE) in GingerALE v2.3.6. Follow-up ALE analyses investigated directed Versus undirected gaze, static Versus dynamic, emotional Versus neutral, and familiar Versus unfamiliar faces. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Faces produced bilateral activation of the fusiform gyrus (FG) in healthy controls (−42 −52 −20; 22 −74 −12, p<0.05, FDR) and left FG activation in ASD (−42 −54 −16, p<0.05, FDR). Activation in both groups was lateral to the mid-fusiform sulcus. Follow-up results pending. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Reduced right FG activation to faces may inform biomarker or response to intervention studies. Mid-fusiform sulcus proved a reliable predictor of functional divides should be investigated on a subject-specific level.
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Belwal, Rakesh, e Shweta Belwal. "Employers’ perception of women workers in Oman and the challenges they face". Employee Relations 39, n. 7 (6 novembre 2017): 1048–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-09-2016-0183.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The participation and productivity of women in Oman’s labor force are very low and heavily skewed toward the government sector. There are few women in the private sector and the reasons for this are not well-known. The challenges that women workers face specifically in the Arab World are worth understanding from a participation and policy perspective. The purpose of this paper is to explore employers’ perceptions of women workers and the major challenges they face in Oman in the context of government efforts to develop the female workforce in this Middle East region. Design/methodology/approach Data collected by interviewing the top executives (employers) from 28 organizations in two major cities in Oman were analyzed qualitatively, grouped into emerging themes, triangulated, and discussed. Findings The results indicated that employers, in general, are impressed by women workers in Oman. However, they identify a number of challenges women face. This study synthesized and grouped employers’ perceptions of these challenges in the following categories: women’s natural and physiological composition, their attitude at work, post-marital challenges, socio-cultural barriers, nature and place of work, organizational preparedness and governance, biases or prejudices of employers, and work-life balance (WLB) issues facing them. Practical implications This study suggests that since female participation in the government sector in Oman is substantial, women can also be attracted to work in the private sector if policies are formulated to safeguard their interests. Originality/value There is an absolute dearth of studies about female participation in the Omani workforce; this study is one of the pioneering efforts. Whereas the extant literature on WLB issues represents mostly the western perspective, this study highlights the major WLB issues in Oman and fills some important gaps between the West and the Middle East by focusing on women, WLB, and policies triangle.
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Nindi Aulia Safira e Indrayuda. "Students' Perception of Blended Learning in Cultural Arts Lesson at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang". Avant-garde: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Seni Pertunjukan 2, n. 2 (27 maggio 2024): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ag.v2i2.125.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of blended learning in dance subjects at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. The type of research is qualitative with a descriptive method. The research instrument is the researcher himself, assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. The data used are primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. The steps for analyzing data in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that students' perceptions of blended learning in dance lessons were "not good." In cultural arts lessons in blended learning at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang, it shows that students prefer face-to-face learning, even though the time allocation is reduced to 2x30 minutes. This is because cultural arts (dance) lessons have more practice than theory. It can be seen from the evaluation indicators in dance learning at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang in class XI IPS. Students prefer direct or face-to-face learning rather than online learning because cultural arts subjects require more practice than theory. Therefore, learning the blended learning model makes student motivation decrease, so that learning achievement in cultural arts (dance) subjects is less achieved. Students underestimate the learning of cultural arts (dance).
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Aflisia, Noza, Mohamad Erihadiana e Nur Balqis. "Teacher’s Perception toward the Readiness to Face Multiculturalism in Arabic Teaching and Learning". Izdihar : Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature 3, n. 3 (31 dicembre 2020): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jiz.v3i3.14117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Multicultural presence required an appropriate response from Arabic teachers, so that Arabic is easily accepted and loved by various groups. This research aimed to analyze the efforts of Arabic teachers in dealing with multiculturalism and analyze the obstacles encountered in applying multicultural education in Arabic language learning. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted with interview and documentation. While the data analysis and processing techniques used in this study were processing and preparing the data for analysis, reading the entire data, starting coding all the data, coding to explain the settings, people, categories, themes analyzed, and describing the themes that will be presented again in the narrative/qualitative report. The results revealed that the efforts of Arabic teachers to confront multicultural were by reaffirming the unifying Arabic for Muslims, confirming Arabic as one of the International language, learning the essence of multicultural, improving didactic and methodical competencies, attending training, and modeling. The constraints of the application of multicultural education in Arabic language learning were lack of understanding of the essence of multicultural, lack of knowledge of learning methods and strategies, lack of literature, lack of syllabus and teaching materials contained multicultural education, lack of support from institutions, and lack of training and guidance.