Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Évolution assistée"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Évolution assistée"
Terrier, Emmanuel. "Chapitre 15. L’accès aux origines personnelles". Journal international de bioéthique et d'éthique des sciences Vol. 34, n. 2 (28 agosto 2023): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jibes.342.0201.
Testo completoPonton, Claude, Catherine Brissaud e Claire Wolfarth. "Évolution de la gestion de l’orthographe en production de textes entre 6 et 15 ans : apports du TAL". SHS Web of Conferences 143 (2022): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214301005.
Testo completoPuglia1, Rosa, e Fabienne Glowacz. "COMPRENDRE LA TRAJECTOIRE DE DÉSISTANCE DES MINEURS DÉLINQUANTS : UNE ÉTUDE DE CAS". ARTICLES LIBRES 42, n. 2 (14 settembre 2021): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1081261ar.
Testo completoLallemand, Suzanne. "La question du secret de la naissance dans les sociétés « traditionnelles »". Anthropologie et Sociétés 33, n. 1 (19 agosto 2009): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037820ar.
Testo completoChampy, C., L. Salomon, A. Campeggi, A. De Fourmestraux, A. Hoznek, R. Yiou, D. Vordos, P. Grimbert, P. Lang e A. De La Taille. "Laparoscopie robot-assistée et néphrectomie chez le donneur vivant : une évolution naturelle de la technique de prélèvement". Progrès en Urologie 23, n. 13 (novembre 2013): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2013.08.228.
Testo completoBeauval, J., M. Roumiguié, T. Benoit, B. Peyronnet, G. Verhoest, T. Brierre, M. Thoulouzan et al. "Évolution de la néphrectomie au profit de la néphrectomie partielle robot-assistée au cours du temps : étude bicentrique". Progrès en Urologie 25, n. 13 (novembre 2015): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2015.08.210.
Testo completoRodríguez Pedreira, Nuria. "De la « mère porteuse » à la « GPA » : vers un contournement du tabou". ACTA UNIVERSITATIS LODZIENSIS. FOLIA LITTERARIA ROMANICA, n. 12 (22 maggio 2017): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9065.12.04.
Testo completoRizkallah, Élias. "L’analyse textuelle des discours assistée par ordinateur et les logiciels textométriques : réflexions critiques et prospectives à partir d’une modélisation des procédés analytiques fondamentaux". Cahiers de recherche sociologique, n. 54 (24 luglio 2014): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025996ar.
Testo completoRochat, C., G. De boccard, S. Regusci, M. Martins favre, R. Schaffar e G. Wirth. "Évolution des indications opératoires et des résultats de la prostectomie radicale robot-assistée sur 15 ans : étude d’une cohorte personnelle de 1054 patients entre 2005 et 2019". Progrès en Urologie 31, n. 13 (novembre 2021): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.165.
Testo completoMartin, Romain, e Jean-Guy Blais. "Une nouvelle perspective et de nouveaux défis pour les enquêtes internationales". Mesure et évaluation en éducation 34, n. 2 (6 maggio 2014): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024850ar.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Évolution assistée"
Bourrion, Bastien. "Poids économique de l'infertilité et évolution du recours aux traitements médicamenteux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASR007.
Testo completoThe prevalence of infertility is constantly on the increase and represents a real public health issue, both in terms of the challenges involved in treatment and care, and the economic burden it generates. However, data on infertility treatment, excluding medically assisted reproduction, are scarce. The use of French medico-administrative databases should enable us to fill this gap. In this thesis, we have assessed the economic cost of infertility treatment in a cohort of women in the general population and in a cohort of women who have had pediatric cancer (FCCSS cohort). We showed that the average annual cost per woman of infertility treatment in each of these populations was €2,018 (CI95%: 1,609; 2,428) and €2,924 (CI95%: 2,133; 3,715) respectively. Over a follow-up period of 3.5 years, we estimated the economic burden in the general population at 70.0 million (CI95%: 57.6; 82.4) euros per 10,000 women aged 18 to 50. Unexpectedly, a significant proportion of observed expenditure is related to drug treatment of infertility (clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins), especially at the start of treatment. We analyzed the use of these two treatment classes, from a pharmaco-epidemiological point of view, between 2010 and 2017. We observed a significant decrease in prescriptions for clomiphene citrate alongside a significant increase in prescriptions for gonadotropins. These trends were influenced by age, LPA and FDep13. On the other hand, the type of cancer treatment received in childhood had a significant impact on infertility-related expenses. Radiotherapy alone was associated with higher costs than no treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In a socio-demographic context of increasing use of infertility treatment, this thesis paves the way for future work on the identification of care pathways that would enable a more detailed analysis of infertility treatment use and its determinants
Hudry, Isabelle. "Assistance médicale à la procréation : évolution et législation. Le cas particulier de l'injection intra cytoplasmique d'un spermatozoi͏̈de : quelques problèmes éthiques". Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P026.
Testo completoTixier, Philippe. "Conception assistée par modèle de systèmes de culture durables : application aux systèmes bananiers de Guadeloupe". Montpellier, ENSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSA0019.
Testo completoGuadeloupe banana cropping systems are threatened by agronomic (low yield due to phytoparasitic nematode development), environmental (pesticide leaching to water, particularly important in a fragile insular setting) and economic (seasonal variations in fruit prices, manpower costs) unsustainability. New systems have to be designed to solve both economic and environmental problems. Rotations with other crops or fallows, biodiversity restoration, pesticide management are some current investigated solutions. Modelling tools have been developed to combine practices, explore and optimise such systems. Banana cropping systems have some characteristics that cannot be taken into account by generic crop models; a specific model called SIMBA has been developed. The evolution of the banana population structure over time is a key point; it is simulated by SIMBA-POP, a cohort population model. Parasitism dynamics mainly due to phytoparasitic nematodes lower cropping sustainability and lead to massive use of pesticides; this is simulated by the dynamic SIMBA-NEM module. SIMBA also simulates plant growth, the soil cover and structure or water balance. Cropping practices are taken into account by decision rules that give rise to realistic technical recommendations. Qualitative, integrated and dynamic indicators are linked to biophysical modules and allow evaluation of the pesticide leaching risk, erosion risk and soil fertility. SIMBA provides agronomic (yield), environmental and economic (profit margin) outputs for multicriteria evaluation of the simulated system based on different viewpoints. An original 2-step method has been used to prototype new cropping systems with SIMBA (first a global exploration then a specific optimisation). Some interesting cropping systems have thus been highlighted and should be tested in the field. This scientific approach permits to develop some significant progress in the banana modelling by aggregating the existing knowledge and highlight the missing ones
Le, Millier Morgane. "Fragilisation des aciers inoxydables austénitiques sous irradiation : évolution de la microstructure et amorçage de la corrosion sous contrainte assistée par l'irradiation en milieu REP". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0047/document.
Testo completoThis work deals with the microstructure evolution of austenitic stainless steels under irradiation and the consequences of this evolution on their behavior in PWR environment. 304L steel was proton-irradiated at 360°C to 5 and 10 dpa. Following these irradiations, IASCC was studied in a 350°C simulated primary water, with strain fields measurements using digital image correlation. In parallel, thin foils were irradiated in situ with Ni++ ions at 500°C up to 2 dpa with simultaneous helium implantation. These experiments allowed us (i) to have a better understanding of the key parameters responsible of the IASCC initiation in reducing environment thanks to the coupling between microstructure, mechanical fields and cracking (ii) to define the role of helium on the nucleation and evolution of radiation defects. It turns out that, in the studied conditions, the implantation of helium has only a limited effect on the dislocation loop and cavity populations for ratios lower than 800 appm He/dpa. Cavities were observed with and without helium, including in the grain boundaries which could be a factor of embrittlement. The stress corrosion cracking tests resulted in an increase of the crack density with the increase of the macroscopic deformation and in a bigger opening and on-surface propagation of cracks after a sequential loading. These cracks propagate deeply in the irradiated layer partly because of the overstress generated by the strong gradient of mechanical properties between the irradiated and non-irradiated zones of the material. The activated deformation mechanisms are complex and twinning was observed after 2 and 10% of macroscopic deformation. The deformation after irradiation is strongly localized in transgranular bands and around some grain boundaries, but it appears that the strong deformation around boundaries is not an initiation criterion. Deformation discontinuity on both sides of cracked boundaries is systematically observed and evaluation of the local stress state appears to be essential to describe IASCC initiation. This local stress state could be calculated by finite elements, taking into account the experimental results in terms of crystallographic orientation fields or Kinematics fields strong heterogeneity of local deformation quantified in this work
Erlichman, Adèle. "Développement de nouveaux modèles éco-évolutifs pour évaluer les impacts démographiques des flux de gènes assistés dans le contexte des changements climatiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONG005.
Testo completoBiodiversity is facing an unprecedented extinction crisis due to anthropogenic pressures, such as climate change. There is growing concern about the slow spontaneous pace of evolutionary processes relative to the high speed of environmental changes. Assisted gene flow has been introduced as the managed translocation of individuals within the historical range of a species. Its purpose is to introduce or increase the frequency of genotypes expected to confer an advantage under new or future climatic conditions, but also to increase genetic variation in targeted pop- ulations, in the hope that it can stimulate demography through heterosis and, by increasing the genetic variation on which selection can act on, the ability to adapt to a changing environment. Risks associated with assisted gene flow can include pathogen introduction, outbreeding depres- sion, genomic swamping, and increased maladaptation. There is, therefore, a strong need for guidelines and information on the optimal strategies and uncertainty associated with these prac- tices. Using both analytical predictions and simulations, we have developed demo-evolutionary models to to help identify critical parameters and sources of uncertainty when implementing these strategies. These models can help guiding assisted gene flow strategies and inform debates on the relevance of their use and optimal implementation. We first show how important taking into account the life cycle of targeted species is, as the optimal choice of individuals to translocate in long-lived species facing a changing climate is subject to a trade-off between being well adapted at the beginning and end of life. We also propose a new method for integrating evo- lution into an integral projection model (IPM) and show how only a small range of introduced genetic diversity for adaptive traits would allow a rare and endangered monocarpic perennial plant, Centaurea corymbosa, to escape extinction in a warming climate. Lastly, we show with an analytical model that if beneficial alleles are introgressed through managed gene flow between genetically distinct populations or closely related species, small and early introductions of non local genetic material minimize swamping of the local population’ genome and maximize the probability of rescue in small declining populations
Jordan, Elodie. "Dimensionnement et réalisation d'un rotateur de polarisation à évolution de mode en optique intégrée sur verre". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT085/document.
Testo completoThe fabrication of the first laser in 1960 and the growth of fiber optics telecommunications have led to the development of integrated optics circuits. Theses lasts are efficient solutions to compacity and misalignment problems. Moreover, polarization management in integrated circuits enables to increase the data rate, to guaranty the signals reliability or to protect optical sources. The work presented here is dedicated to this last application, which is the motive of a long-term collaboration between IMEP-LAHC and the Hubert Curien institute in Saint-Etienne. Indeed, we proposed to fabricate a 45° reciprocal polarization rotator that is part of the optical isolator’s design, along with a polarization splitter and a Faraday rotator. We choose to use a field-assisted ion-exchange technique (FAIE). The implementation of the polarization rotator requires managing the side effects of the electrical field lines occurring during a FAIE. It allows controlling the waveguide core’s shape and thus the eigen axes tilt. It was obtained thanks to two cascaded FAIE. The first one, an Ag+/Na+ ion exchange, creates a high refractive index waveguide while the second one, a Na+/Na+ ion exchange, modifies the shape of the waveguide’s core. Measurements of the experimental polarization behavior are a first proof of a controlled tilt of eigen axes in this technology. Indeed, the waveguide exhibits a tilt of its eigen axes of (46.6 ± 0.1)° at the input and (42.3 ± 0.1)° at the output.The numerical study of the reciprocal rotator’s process has also been proposed and the adiabaticity of the design analytically validated. The first realization highlights high propagation losses that can linked to the degassing of the nitrate salts occurring during the FAIE. Possible improvements are thus suggested in the document.An enhancement of the Faraday rotator’s design is also proposed. It is obtained thanks to the fabrication of a waveguide exhibiting a negative birefringence whose design exploits the progress achieved in term of FAIE control. Eventually, a complete fabrication of the integrated isolator is proposed, taking into account the thermal budget of the various processes
Bennaghmouch, Mohammed Kha. "Conception assistée par ordinateur de système de gestion de base de données documentaires à thesaurus évolutif". Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090012.
Testo completoRigot-Muller, Patrick. "Les évolutions de la fonction méthodes dans l'industrie automobile : outils et enjeux organisationnels". Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1257.
Testo completoLewandowski, Arnaud. "Vers de meilleurs supports aux activités coopératives en accord avec la co-évolution : application au développement logiciel coopératif". Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0160.
Testo completoToday, software development is intrinsically a collaborative activity, since it implies many actors, with different roles and backgrounds. Thus, there is still a crucial need to provide adequate computer tools well supporting the collaborative and evolving nature of such activities. Although currently used environments present some interesting features, they generally suffer from lacks regarding the need to provide a global and evolving support to the collaborative dimension. In order to provde such a support, we focus on the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work field, which tries ti give answers to these needs that are characteristic to every human activity. The contribution of the Social and Human Sciences - and especially the Activity Theory - to this field helped the researchers to understand what is required for the environments to support cooperative human activities. These requirements are especially expressed in the co-evolution principle on which we base our work. According to this principle, the environments should be tailorable enough to support the activity they are designed for, but also the activity consisting in (re)defining them cooperatively. Beside, these systems should provide means allowing the cristallization of the experience developed by their users with a view to re-use it. In the framework of our research, we wonder about how to reach the co-evolution inside the systems, especially in global and integrated environments. As our work is inspired by the Activity Theory, we formulate the concept of inter-activities to express the fact that we focus on the management of the links existing between several activities through the articulation of the tools supporting them. We propose to manage the inter-activities thanks to a meta-model based on the Activity Theory and allowing the description of activities and their links in specific models called tasks. This reflexive kernel and the mecanisms we add to it tend to provide a generic support to cooperative activities in the framework of global environments, in accordance with the co-evolution principle. These ideas are implemented in CooLDev, adistributed, global and integrated environment based on the Eclipse platform
Danis, Jean. "L'analyse conceptuelle de textes assistée par ordinateur (LACTAO) : une expérimentation appliquée au concept d'évolution dans l'oeuvre d'Henri Bergson". Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4641/1/M12423.pdf.
Testo completoLibri sul tema "Évolution assistée"
Paris), Séminaire international de traduction assistée par ordinateur (1988. La Traduction assistée par ordinateur: Perspectives technologiques, industrielles et économiques envisageables à l'horizon 1990, l'offre, la demande, les marchés et les évolutions en cours : actes du Séminaire international (Paris, 17-18 mars 1988) et dossiers complémentaires. Paris: Observatoire des industries de la langue, 1989.
Cerca il testo completoCordellier, François, e Christiane Serre. Génétique et évolution moléculaire : Travaux pratiques assistés par ordinateur (avec une disquette). CRDP des Pays de la Loire, 1997.
Cerca il testo completoRapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Évolution assistée"
Rapport Annuel 2022: Les succès décisifs de notre coalition au cours de l'année 2022. Rights and Resources Initiative, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/dnap5451.
Testo completo