Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Essentialist category"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Consulta la lista di attuali articoli, libri, tesi, atti di convegni e altre fonti scientifiche attinenti al tema "Essentialist category".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Articoli di riviste sul tema "Essentialist category":
1
Fuss, Diana J. "“Essentially Speaking”: Luce Irigaray's Language of Essence". Hypatia 3, n. 3 (1988): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00189.x.
Abstract (sommario):
Luce Irigaray's fearlessness towards speaking the body has earned for her work the dismissive label “essentialist.” But Irigaray's Speculum de l'autre femme and Ce Sexe qui n'en est pas un suggest that essence may not be the unitary, monolithic, in short, essentialist category that anti-essentialists so often presume it to be. Irigaray strategically deploys essentialism for at least two reasons: first, to reverse and to displace Jacques Lacan's phallomorphism; and second, to expose the contradiction at the heart of Aristotelian metaphysics which denies women access to “Essence” while at the same time positing the essence of “Woman” precisely as non-essential (as matter).
2
Dennehy, Tara C. "Inherence is an aspect of psychological essentialism". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, n. 5 (ottobre 2014): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13003695.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractInherence is not a distinct construct from psychological essentialism; it is one of several underlying beliefs. I propose that inherence is only one entry point to the perception of an essence and posit that context may influence which aspects of essentialist reasoning precede inferring an essence. I also discuss how psychological essentialism can uniquely account for violations of category-based expectancies.
3
Noyes, Alexander, e Frank C. Keil. "Generics designate kinds but not always essences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n. 41 (23 settembre 2019): 20354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900105116.
Abstract (sommario):
People believe that some categories are kinds with reliable causal structure and high inductive potential (e.g., tigers). Widely endorsed theories propose that people are biased to assume kinds are essential, and so naturally determined by internal causal properties. Generic language (e.g., “men like sports”) is 1 mechanism thought to evoke this bias. We propose instead that generics principally designate that categories are kinds. Participants can entertain diverse causal structures in the presence of generics: Hearing that biological properties generalize to a category (e.g., “men grow beards”) prompts participants to infer essential structure, but hearing neutral or social properties (“women are underpaid”) generalized prompts other causal beliefs. Thus, generics induce essentialism only in interaction with cues that reasonably prompt essentialist explanation. We tested our model with adult participants (n = 739 total), using measures that disentangle essentialist beliefs from kind beliefs. In study 1, we replicate prior methods with our new measures, and find that generics influence kind beliefs more than essentialism. In study 2, we vary property content (biological vs. cultural properties), and show that generics only increase essentialism when paired with biological properties. In study 3, we show that generics designate kinds but not essentialism when neutral properties are used across animals, tools, and people. In study 4, we show that believing a category is a kind increases the spontaneous production of generic statements, regardless of whether the kind is essential or socially constructed. Generics do not necessitate essentialist beliefs. Participants were flexible in their reasoning about kinds.
4
TSUKAMOTO, Saori, Nobuko ASAI e Minoru KARASAWA. "Measuring essentialist beliefs about an ethnic category". Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 77 (19 settembre 2013): 1EV—018–1EV—018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.77.0_1ev-018.
5
Ribeiro, Fernando Rosa. "Coloured and the stoppage of a racial mediation in South Africa". Revista de Antropologia 38, n. 1 (18 giugno 1995): 49–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1678-9857.ra.1995.111435.
Abstract (sommario):
Coloured as a racial calegory in Soulh Africa stands for a residual element that subverts and potentially threatens the essentialist system of race classification. Differently to Brazil, where mestiço was conceived as the point at which the racial system would be transcended through the ideology of "whitening", coloured (mestiços counterpart in South Africa) was everything the essentialist system could not classify. Instead of being the foundation of nationality as mestiço in Brazil , in South Africa coloured became a compartmentalized category justas "white" and "black". However, essentialist classification cannot deal satisfactorily with that category, for coloured can potentially subvert the whole system of classification. This article attempts to show the meaning of the category in present times as well as its origin in the colonial period.
6
Lipourli, Eleni, e Antonis Gardikiotis. "Representations of refugees: Linguistic abstractness and social perceptions". Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 28, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2023): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.31922.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper examines the relationship among stereotype content, essentialism, and preferred language abstraction in refugee media representations. In two studies, participants were asked to choose captions of differential degree of language abstraction (according to the linguistic category model, from descriptive action verbs to adjectives) thought appropriate for an image of refugees, after they first completed a survey on stereotype content (perceived competence and warmth) and essentialist beliefs (Study 2 only) about refugees. In both studies, perceived competence predicted increased language abstraction. In Study 2, competence was also found to mediate the effects of essentialism on language abstraction. These results underline the importance of stereotype content to biased language preference.
7
Lang, Sabine. "Geschlechterforschung, Postmoderne und die Wissenschaft von der Politik". PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 24, n. 97 (1 dicembre 1994): 643–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v24i97.983.
Abstract (sommario):
Gender Studies have only just started to establish themselves in Political Science. Nevertheless, a paradigm debatecan already be anticipated between anti-essentialist and deconstructive/post-modern approaches and theory formation. The category »Gendern is a central point of conflict as an analytical unit of reference. Which explanatory power can the category claim for the production, reproduction and legitimization of gender dominance in the political process?
8
Fredriksen, Paula. "What Does It Mean to See Paul “within Judaism”?" Journal of Biblical Literature 141, n. 2 (15 giugno 2022): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15699/jbl.1412.2022.9.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract What happens if we think of “Jewish law” not as a category of Christian theology but as an element of ancient kinship construction, “ancestral custom” (Gal 1:14)? We will see more clearly how much late Second Temple Judaism shared with contemporary Mediterranean cultures. We will see how ancient ethnic essentialism—the conviction that different peoples evinced different behaviors because of their very “nature” (ϕύσις)—shapes Paul’s thought about gentiles no less than it shaped Greek thought about Persians, or Roman thought about Greeks. We will see how Jewish law provided not the contrast to Paul’s gospel but in fact much of its content. We will see that there is no reason to assume that Paul stopped living Jewishly (Ἰουδαϊκῶς) just because he wanted gentiles to stop living “paganly” (ἐθνικῶς). We will let Paul reside coherently in a world radically different from our own—the ethnically essentialist, behaviorally variegated, god-congested world of first-century Jewishness.
9
Courtney, Steven J. "Inadvertently queer school leadership amongst lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) school leaders". Organization 21, n. 3 (28 aprile 2014): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508413519762.
Abstract (sommario):
Lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) school leaders may understand these sexual identities as essentialist categories and present lived experiences resistant to the identity category-troubling tenets of queer theory, whose application in queer empirical research can nonetheless provide important insights into leaders’ identity, practices and power. In this article, I focus on reconciling this conceptual tension to produce an empirical account of inadvertently queer school leadership in England. The article uses queer theory to re-interpret findings from a study of five LGB school leaders to show that despite perceiving sexual identity in an essentialist way, these LGB school leaders sexually embody inadvertently queer school leadership. They trouble gender norms and conceptualizations of ‘leader’ through non-normative sexual embodiment; suggest queer identities for others; and challenge heteronormativity’s institutional foundations and other processes of normalization.
10
Roustan, Frédéric. "Mousmés and French Colonial Culture". Journal of Vietnamese Studies 7, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2012): 52–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2012.7.1.52.
Abstract (sommario):
The presence of Japanese prostitutes in French colonial Tonkin started around the middle of the 1880s. That colonial culture enclosed these girls within the category of the mousmé. This article analyzes the discourses and activities of several actors inside the colony who participated in the refinement of this essentialist category in order to understand the symbolic commodification of Japanese women's bodies. Once they were released onto the prostitution market, Japanese women were classified and marked by the representations of male colonial society, which constructed all facets of these women, from their moral qualities to their visibility.
Tesi sul tema "Essentialist category":
1
Bettendorff, Franck. "L’école inclusive et les dispositifs pour élèves à « besoins éducatifs particuliers » : scolarisation ou scolarité ? : l’exemple des EFIV ou la déconstruction d’une catégorie scolaire essentialiste". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080010.
Abstract (sommario):
Le phénomène des difficultés de scolarisation d’élèves nommés depuis 2012 “enfants issus de familles itinérantes et de voyageurs” (EFIV) par le Ministère de l’Éducation nationale conduit à interroger une catégorie publique, les politiques et les dispositifs les concernants. La recherche présentée est une analyse à l’échelle d'un département où a été menée une politique de scolarisation de ce public pendant plus de dix ans. En interrogeant des catégories des recherches qui ont servi par le passé à analyser la non-scolarisation des enfants “du voyage” ou de “Tsiganes”, l’analyse déconstruit les explications anthropologiques de résistance à l’écrit, à l’objectivation et aux savoirs scolaires. S’appuyant sur une enquête qualitative principalement par entretiens auprès de collégiens et de parents, l’analyse met également en évidence que les situations des élèves ne se réduisent aux seules pratiques familiales ; mais intègrent également les rôles différenciés des élèves, en relation avec la diversité de leurs rapports à l’école, aux savoirs et à l’avenir ; et le rôle des institutions scolaires elles-mêmes. Puisque des élèves demeurent peu scolarisés et d’autres, bien que scolarisés n’apprennent pas les savoirs du collège, il a été nécessaire de distinguer la scolarité (la fréquentation des savoirs par les élèves) de la notion de scolarisation (la présence en classe). Enfin, à partir de l’analyse d’un corpus documentaire et d’entretiens avec des agents, la thèse étudie l’action institutionnelle comme un dispositif et interroge la politique de l’école inclusiveThe phenomenon of inconstant school attendance by pupils who have been termed “EFIV” (“children of itinerant and transient families”) since 2012 by the French Ministry of Education has led us to question not only a public classification but also policies and apparatuses pertaining to them. The research presented herein is a department-wide analysis of an area where a school attendance policy for this group has been applied for over ten years. By questioning the categories of research which in the past served to assess sporadic school attendance by “traveler” or “Gypsy” children, this analysis deconstructs the anthropological explanations concerning resistance to writing, to objectivating processes and to scholastic skills. Based on a qualitative survey mainly established via interviews with middle school children and their parents, the analysis likewise indicates how pupils’ situations cannot be reduced to mere family practices alone but also integrates the pupils’ differentiated roles, as per the diversity of their relationships to school, to scholastic knowledge and to the future. This same analysis also covers the roles played by the scholastic institutions themselves. Since some pupils remain insufficiently schooled, while others, even though attending school, never acquire middle school knowledge sets, it was necessary to create a distinction between schooling (the pupils’ use of scholastic knowledge) and school attendance (their presence in class). Last of all, through the analysis of a collection of documents and interviews with personnel, this thesis explores institutional action as an apparatus and challenges the policy of “the inclusive school”
Libri sul tema "Essentialist category":
1
Gelman, Susan A., e Elizabeth A. Ware. Conceptual Development: The Case of Essentialism. A cura di Eric Margolis, Richard Samuels e Stephen P. Stich. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195309799.013.0019.
Abstract (sommario):
The article focuses on conceptual development in children. There are two primary components to psychological essentialism, which include the belief that certain categories are natural kinds and the belief that there is some unobservable property. Psychologists examine the psychological representations of concepts whereas philosophers have examined essentialism with the goal of addressing a range of issues such as psychological, semantic, and metaphysical. The study of essentialism in children provides insights into children's cognition and information regarding the roots of human concepts. Essentialism includes several component beliefs, including that categories have sharp, immutable boundaries, that category members share deep, nonobvious commonalities, and that category membership has an innate, genetic, or biological basis. Kamp and Partee suggest that categories are seen with absolutely sharp boundaries only in abstract domains. Essentialism does not require that categories be treated as absolute but essentialism is the claim that category boundaries are intensified. Essentialism emerges early and consistently, does not require formal schooling, and if anything may be even stronger in early childhood than later. The detailed studies of parental input to children about categories also suggest that parents do not provide explicit instruction about essentialist beliefs.
2
Risman, Barbara J. The Straddlers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199324385.003.0008.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter analyzes respondents called straddlers because they straddle the gender structure. They try to meet gender expectations because they fear the consequences but don’t necessarily believe in gender inequality. A few are transgender Millennials, straddling the gender structure by rejecting the sex category assigned at birth and so rejecting essentialist notions of material bodies but not necessarily stereotypes themselves. All the straddlers give contradictory answers from one question to another. The chapter begins at the interactional level of the gender structure because one of the few commonalities these respondents share is their concern with gender expectations others hold for them around masculinity and femininity. Sometimes they work hard to conform, and sometimes not. But this concern for the expectations and confusion as to what expectations currently exist is a hallmark of this group.
3
Murmu, Maroona. Words of Her Own. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498000.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Drawing on a spectrum of genres, such as autobiographies, diaries, didactic tracts, novels and travelogues, this book examines the sociocultural incentives that enabled the emergence of middle-class Hindu and Brahmo women authors as an ever-growing distinct category in nineteenth-century Bengal and the factors facilitating production and circulation of their creations. By exploring the intersections of class, caste, gender, language, religion, and culture in women-authored texts and by reading these within a specific milieu, the study opens up the possibility of re-configuring mainstream history-writing that often ignores women. Questioning essentialist conceptions of women’s writings, it contends that there exists no monolithic body of ‘women’s writings’ with a firmly gendered language, form, style, and content. It shows that there was nothing in the women’s writings that was based on a fundamentally feminine perspective of experiences with an inherent feminine voice. While describing the specifically female life world of domestic experiences, women authors might have made conscious divergences from male-projected stereotypes, but it is equally true that there are a number of issues on which men and women authors spoke in unison. The book argues for distinctions within each genre and across genres in language, content, and style amongst women authors. Even after women authors emerged as a writing community, the bhadralok critics often censured them for fear of their autonomous selfhood in print and praised them for imparting ‘feminine’ ideals alone. Nevertheless, there were women authors who flouted the norms of literary aesthetics and tutored tastes, thus creating a literary tradition of their own in Bangla and becoming agents of history at the turn of the century.
4
O'Brien, Jonathan. Buyer's Toolkit: Essentials of Category Management, SRM, Negotiation, Contract Management and Supply Chain Management. Kogan Page, Limited, 2017.
5
Koslicki, Kathrin. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823803.003.0010.
Abstract (sommario):
After briefly summarizing each of the chapters as well as the main results reached in this study, the Conclusion points to several worthwhile topics for future research which were left open along the way: (i) to extend the doctrine of hylomorphism beyond the specific case of concrete particular objects; (ii) to clarify further the relationship between metaphysics and science particularly as it pertains to the hylomorphic approach to matter; (iii) to provide additional independent considerations in order to narrow down further the ontological category to which forms should be assigned; (iv) to advance our understanding of the relationship between necessity and essence, construed non-modally; and (v) to refine our conception of essentialism and anti-essentialism in the service of developing an adequate hylomorphic treatment of artifacts. Overall, it is argued that the results of this study allow us to classify matter-form compounds as being more deserving of substance status than other types of composite entities, due at least in part to their highly unified nature.
6
Bosse, Joanna. Performing Race, Remaking Whiteness. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039010.003.0007.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter explores the intersection between race and ballroom dance by focusing on the racial stereotypes encoded within Standard and Latin genres. More specifically, it considers more tacit aspects of ballroom dance, race, whiteness, and exoticism, and how they are encoded as different aspects of beauty in American expressive forms. The chapter first considers the performance of Standard and Latin dances before discussing the competition dances of both genres. It also examines a third category employed at the Regent Ballroom and Banquet Center, the Nightclub/street dances, and proceeds by looking at the relationship between essentialism and the performance of race. It argues that the performance of ballroom dance is structured by the dualistic and racialized notions of a rational self, a normalized whiteness, and an embodied, explicitly racialized other.
7
Taljanovic, Mihra S., Imran M. Omar, Kevin B. Hoover e Tyson S. Chadaz, a cura di. Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938161.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
This volume meets the needs of radiology residents to become adept at interpreting musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging studies. It does so by presenting core knowledge and fundamentals that must be learned to accurately and effectively interpret MSK studies by the trainee and non-specialist. The goal is to impart to residents, as well as to refresh for practitioners, essential facts in a concise and readable format so the reader becomes conversant with all imaging modalities used and the essentials of interpretation and technique. Other resources are at too high a level for the resident in training or contain far more information than a resident can easily assimilate during a rotation. The book is part of the Rotations in Radiology series for residents, which defines and encapsulates core knowledge for areas within Radiology, offering a guided, structured approach to imaging diagnosis. It contains sections on 10 key topics in MSK radiology: trauma; arthritis; tumors and tumor-like conditions; metabolic, hematopoietic, endocrine, and deposition diseases; infectious diseases; arthrography; internal derangements of the joints; congenital diseases; and ultrasound. Each section begins with an overview chapter, orienting the reader to the specific concerns and issues related to imaging that anatomic region or category of problem. Each clinical problem or diagnosis is concisely covered to provide a targeted discussion and highlight salient points. For each topic, concise chunks of text will review: definition; clinical features; anatomy and physiology; how to appraoch the image; what not to miss; differential diagnosis; common variants if pertinent; clinical issues; key points; high yield references.
8
Taljanovic, Mihra S., Imran M. Omar, Kevin B. Hoover e Tyson S. Chadaz, a cura di. Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938178.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
This volume meets the needs of radiology residents to become adept at interpreting musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging studies. It does so by presenting core knowledge and fundamentals that must be learned to accurately and effectively interpret MSK studies by the trainee and non-specialist. The goal is to impart to residents, as well as to refresh for practitioners, essential facts in a concise and readable format so the reader becomes conversant with all imaging modalities used and the essentials of interpretation and technique. Other resources are at too high a level for the resident in training or contain far more information than a resident can easily assimilate during a rotation. The book is part of the Rotations in Radiology series for residents, which defines and encapsulates core knowledge for areas within Radiology, offering a guided, structured approach to imaging diagnosis. It contains sections on 10 key topics in MSK radiology: trauma; arthritis; tumors and tumor-like conditions; metabolic, hematopoietic, endocrine, and deposition diseases; infectious diseases; arthrography; internal derangements of the joints; congenital diseases; and ultrasound. Each section begins with an overview chapter, orienting the reader to the specific concerns and issues related to imaging that anatomic region or category of problem. Each clinical problem or diagnosis is concisely covered to provide a targeted discussion and highlight salient points. For each topic, concise chunks of text will review: definition; clinical features; anatomy and physiology; how to appraoch the image; what not to miss; differential diagnosis; common variants if pertinent; clinical issues; key points; high yield references.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Essentialist category":
1
Almassi, Ben. "Allyship and Feminist Masculinity". In Nontoxic: Masculinity, Allyship, and Feminist Philosophy, 61–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13071-7_5.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractDespite the issues raised about feminist reclamations of masculinity in the prior chapter, I believe bell hooks was right to emphasize the relevance of relationality, intentionality, and justice to an alternate vision of manhood. We can indeed make sense of normative feminist masculinity, such that men as men have distinctive, constructive contributions to make to feminist work. Much like feminist androgyny, feminist allyship masculinity seeks to upend masculinity as a received social category, while also diverging with feminist androgyny in emphasizing men’s specific yet non-essentialist contributions to feminist projects.
2
Schüßler, Michael. "Conflicting Masculinities in Christianity: Experiences and Critical Reflections on Gender and Religion". In Pathways for Ecumenical and Interreligious Dialogue, 139–58. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56019-4_9.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe article discusses the challenges arising from an essentialist approach to masculinity as a stable category with a set of given, unchangeable characteristics developed in contrast to femininity. Such a hegemonic view is a stumbling block in the development of more diverse and inclusive environments, to which the Catholic Church contributes by its defense of “traditional” family, the ideal of clerical men or the discrimination of queer living. The text argues for recognition and normalization of diversity, instead of a continuous reproduction of toxic ideals of masculinity. In this sense, conflicting masculinities in church and theology could be a perspective of hope for transformation: Hegemonic masculinity no longer goes unchallenged, not even in Catholic Church.
3
Talpsepp, Edit. "Biological Essentialism Concerning the Species Category". In Recent Developments in the Philosophy of Science: EPSA13 Helsinki, 369–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23015-3_28.
4
Gelman, Susan A. "What the Study of Psychological Essentialism May Reveal about the Natural World". In Metaphysics and Cognitive Science, 314–34. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190639679.003.0013.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter argues that human conceptual biases can shed light on metaphysical matters. Experimental studies of psychological essentialism reveal persistent biases and distortions starting in childhood and continuing through to adulthood. These biases include underestimating variability within a kind, viewing category boundaries as objectively correct, and assuming a causal essence shared among members of a kind. These assumptions clash with scientific discoveries post-Darwin, thus constituting a deflationary account of essentialism as a theory of how the world is structured. Further, given the reach and persistence of essentialist biases in human reasoning, even the categories of scientists may fall prey to these same errors. Ironically, the realism embedded in essentialism may pose one of the biggest obstacles to achieving a direct perspective on the natural world.
5
Pratt, Henry John, e Kurt F. Shaffert. "Formal Definitions of Comics". In The Philosophy of Comics, 27–56. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845445.003.0002.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The focus of this chapter is whether a definition can be formulated that encompasses all and only comics. After explaining what essentialist definitions are, arguments are considered from Morris Weitz and Aaron Meskin to outline the case for why the category of comics cannot be defined using an essentialist strategy. It is responded that Meskin might well be right, but that attempting the project of definition is important and worthwhile nonetheless. Extant definitions from David Kunzle, Robert Harvey, Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, and Hayman and Pratt are surveyed, and from them various candidates for necessary conditions on the category of comics are extracted. Each condition is assessed in turn, moving from the less plausible to the more plausible. Ultimately, it is shown that the best strategy for an essentialist framework is to advert to comics’ pictorial representationality, the sequence of spatially juxtaposed images, narrativity, and historical considerations.
6
Lumina, Iulia. "Introduction: Situating the Politics of Muslim Identities". In The Politics of Muslim Identities in Asia, 1–16. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474466837.003.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
The study of Islam and Muslim societies in Western scholarship often revolves around theoretical and analytical frameworks that either essentialise or reduce Islam and Muslim identities to false dichotomies. Addressing the diversity of Muslim conduct and Islamic practices, scholars have paid particular attention to what constitutes Islam as an analytical category and how to carry out studies of Muslim societies across the many disciplines within the social sciences. Before introducing the chapters and the intersecting themes that draw attention to larger – transnational, regional and global – processes that influence the politics of Muslim identities, this introduction outlines the key conceptual insights that have led to the historical and anti-essentialist study of Islam and Muslim societies in order to better situate identities in their social and political contexts.
7
Kemp, Sandra, e Judith Squires. "Introduction". In Feminisms, 216–19. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192892706.003.0035.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The following debate between social constructivist and essentialist theorists highlights the issues at stake in lie invocation of the category of ‘woman. How do we represent sternal, or social difference, without rearming to dual hierarchized oppositions? Do new subject positions impact on form-are we dealing here with metaphor, representation, or some kind of ‘rear?
8
Stabile, Carol. "Feminism and the Technological Fix". In Feminisms, 508–12. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192892706.003.0090.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract As struggles over definitions of femaleness intensify, impelled largely by technological advances in areas such as reproductive technologies and genetic engineering, feminists have either withdrawn into reactionary essentialist fom1ations (what I describe as technophobia) or equally problematic political strategies framed around fragn1emary and destabilized theories of identity (techmomania). In each instance. however differently manifested, the absent category of analysis is that of class.
9
Croft, William. "Word classes in Radical Construction Grammar". In The Oxford Handbook of Word Classes, 213–30. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198852889.013.48.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Word classes are taken to be essentialist categories; they serve as the building blocks for syntactic constructions, and are language universals (that is, cross-linguistically valid). But a word class is language-specific. This is because a word class is defined distributionally, by the occurrence of the words in a particular construction in a particular language. Hence it is not a building block for syntactic constructions. Moreover, a word class is not an essentialist category. A word class is a population: a spatiotemporally bounded set of historical entities—in this case, the occurrences of the words in question in language use in the language, interconnected by lineages of replication. Hence a word class cannot serve as a comparative concept for language universals. Instead, meaning and certain non-distributional properties of form can be used to compare word classes/populations defined by different constructions within and across languages, and reveal universals of grammar.
10
Bernstein, Mary. "The Contradictions of Gay Ethnicity: Forging Identity in Vermont". In Social Movements, 85–104. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195143553.003.0006.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The rise of so-called identity politics or new social movements over the past four decades has raised intense debate among both social movement scholars and activists over the merits of pursuing a “politics of recognition” (e.g., Bower 1997; Currah 1997; Vaid 1995). Many queer theorists, poststructuralists, and feminists argue that to gain recognition for a constituency, activists narrowly and naively rely on fixed or essentialist notions of identity (e.g., Bower 1997; Phelan 1993; Seidman 1993 ). By advocating for rights based on an identity such as “woman” or “gay,” identity movements reinforce the identity on which the movement is based and, as a result, fail to recognize diversity, homogenize and ignore differences within the identity category, and inhibit the creation of a “politics of commonality” (Gitlin 1994, 1995; Kimmel 1993; Phelan 1993) among diverse groups. Engaging in politics based on identity categories shores up the category itself and sets up invidious distinctions, reinforcing a normal-deviant dichotomy (Phelan 1993). Cultural transformation is sacrificed for narrow political gains. I ask, in this chapter, to what extent do activists naively and narrowly adhere to and rely on fixed or essentialist notions of identity (an ontological move, rather than a strategic claim [Phelan 1993]) in order to gain recognition for that identity? Does a politics of recognition require that activists rely on a fixed notion of identity?
Atti di convegni sul tema "Essentialist category":
1
Balu, Rodica. "A CURENT PARADIGM: EUROPEAN COMUNICATION- STRATEGIES OF COMMUNICATION: CONTROL AND MANIPULATION IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE". In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-261.
Abstract (sommario):
Taking into consideration the role that power plays within the context of social life, it becomes obvious that without this attribute called ?power? there could be no ordinate human activity (Bordeiu, 2006). Seen as a political phenomenon, power seems to be the most important component of political institutions. In this regard, it is being used for keeping and consolidating a certain social order, for ensuring the functionality of all social institutions, for keeping the social cohesion in a society, for controlling the citizens? behavior, as well as for unwanted behavior prevention (Mihailescu, 2000). The most general and well-known form of power is social power and the literature of the field (Downing, 1998; Hastings, 2000; Balandier, 1998; Valsan, 1997) describes it as the means through which society adjusts itself and self-regulates its mechanism with the purpose of ensuring and sustaining its optimum functionality. Bordeiu (2006) sees it as the element that sets in motion all the social gearing towards historical progress, the propelling force which accomplishes social and sustainable development, the binding concept among all the social structures and phenomena, which it definitely organizes (forming its hierarchical systems), coordinates and orchestrates according to the target agenda. Like any other social phenomena, the social power phenomenon distinguishes itself through a series of specific traits and the question is whether these traits that personalize social power do need the use of language or not, and if they do, at what level? In what follows, I will briefly summarize the traits of social power as proposed by Bordeiu (2006) and the diverse manifestations of power forms in society, trying to determine (via logical assumptions) the relevance of language for each category:→ Display as social relation ? social power relies invariably on the existence of a specific social relation (subordination: leader to obedient, also co-operation for achieving conjoint goals) between people or groups of people, typical of any community, no matter its size (family, tribe, nation). Among the members of any groups appear different relations based on interests (power, solidarity, collaboration, conflict, etc), relations that come into being according to a specific context and are submitted to the filter of language. → Display as organization and management of social life ? power constitutes the most important element in organizing, ruling and adjustment setting of social life. It imposes the goals of human activity, the necessary means and strategies for achieving them and in this way power becomes the vital component that establishes and applies social order on the social level, an order that in its turn generates the phenomenon of power. So, social order depends on organization in order to validate power and vice versa, but neither of them can materialize themselves without the support of language. → Essentiality and Permanence - power is an essential and a permanent element for social relations and therefore ensures the normal functioning of society. But the normal functioning of a society could never be achieved without the patterns of communication and verbal interaction. Language itself becomes this way essential and permanent to society. → Global Display ? power has, among other things, the quality of a global factor and becomes an integrator that orchestrates and incorporates all the other forms of ruling and organization of social activities. During the integration process, language plays a decisive role, as it ensures the uniformity of the system (language performing values). → Social Values Synthesis Display ? The values promoted by power represent a synthesis of the other values manifested on the social level, which reflect the interests of the social majority, taking into consideration those related to the historical, moral or cultural tradition. In this case, language has the capacity to store these values, ensures fluency in passing on specific values and provides the opportunity to form a majority which will share the same ideological language. → Roles Asymmetry within Power Relationships ? The need for organizing and ruling different forms of activity (within complex human groups) determines social divisions, respectively asymmetries in the roles assumed by different categories of individuals (leaders and obeyers).