Bibliografie tematiche / Enslaved persons, united states

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Enslaved persons, united states"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Enslaved persons, united states"

Hamdani, Yoav. "“Servants not Soldiers”: The Origins of Slavery in the United States Army, 1797–1816". Journal of the Early Republic 43, n. 4 (dicembre 2023): 537–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2023.a915153.

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Abstract: This article illuminates a lesser-explored aspect of the United States as a “slaveholding republic.” Between 1816–1861, the U.S. Army relied on thousands of enslaved persons who served as officers' servants. In 1816, Congress authorized allowances, rations, and bonuses for officers' private servants while putting an end to the practice of soldiers serving as servants. This legislative move effectively subsidized and incentivized military slaveholding. The paper delves into the political circumstances and legislative maneuvers that led Congress to institutionalize military slavery, establishing mechanisms to sustain, fund, and expand the number of enslaved servants. Military slavery developed gradually with the foundation, bureaucratization, and professionalization of an American military peace establishment. It evolved from 1797 to 1816 through competing policy objectives, resulting in a long-lasting bureaucratic workaround euphemistically termed "servants not soldiers." Facing public criticism over officers’ abuse of soldiers’ labor, the army “outsourced” officers’ servants through a dual process of privatization and racialization, differentiating between “public” and “private” service, between free, white soldiers and enslaved, black servants. Though serving slaveholders’ interests, the adopted solution was a product of bureaucratic contingencies and ad-hoc decision-making and not a policy orchestrated by a cabal of enslavers. Interestingly, a basic question of reimbursement led somewhere unanticipated, ending in government-sponsored enslaved servitude. Acknowledging this contingency does not excuse the actions but underscores how slavery was often "solved" through institutional accommodation rather than political or moral opposition. Thus, slavery directly impacted the U.S. Army, a central national institution, altering the military system at its pivotal, formative moments.

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Duclos-Orsello, Elizabeth. "The Fullness of Enslaved Black Lives as Seen through Early Massachusetts Vital Records". Genealogy 6, n. 1 (26 gennaio 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6010011.

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In genealogy, tracing names and dates is often the initial goal, but, for many, desire soon turns to learning about the embodied lives of those who came before them. This type of texture is hard for any genealogist to locate, but excruciatingly hard for those seeking to trace family histories that include ancestors who were enslaved in the northern parts of the colonies that would become the United States. Often, records thin to nearly nothing and frame all lived experiences through the lens of an enslaver. This is true especially of public records, created, maintained, and curated by the state apparatus. By adhering to the proposition that even materials that do not immediately reveal much about Black life may be useful if we consider what is missing and left out, this article suggests that these types of documents might help breathe some fullness into the individual and collective lives of those Black ancestors whose humanity the state denied. Emerging from a larger project to locate stories and histories of Black residents of one of the first colonized spaces in British North America, this article focuses on the ways in which the publicly available Massachusetts pre-1850 Vital Records—which have specific “Negroes” sections—serve as an unexpected source of useful, if fragmentary, evidence of not only individual lives, but collective histories of the communities in which Black ancestors lived. Highlighting creative approaches to analyzing these particular vital records, and centering women’s lives throughout, this article demonstrates what is possible to learn about patterns of childbearing, relationships between and among enslaved persons owned by different families, the nature of religious lives or practices, relationships between enslavers and enslaved, and the movements, over time, of individuals and families. Alongside these possibilities, the violence, limitations, and challenges of the vital records are identified, including issues related to Afro-indigenous persons, the conflation of birth and baptismal records, and differential access to details of the lives of enslaved men vs. women.

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Hanks, R. Daniel, Robert F. Baldwin, Travis H. Folk, Ernie P. Wiggers, Richard H. Coen, Michael L. Gouin, Andrew Agha, Daniel D. Richter e Edda L. Fields-Black. "Mapping Antebellum Rice Fields as a Basis for Understanding Human and Ecological Consequences of the Era of Slavery". Land 10, n. 8 (8 agosto 2021): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080831.

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Model systems enlightened by history that provide understanding and inform contemporary and future landscapes are needed. Through transdisciplinary collaboration, historic rice fields of the southeastern United States can be such models, providing insight into how human–ecological systems work. Rice culture in the United States began in the 1670s; was primarily successfully developed, managed, and driven by the labor of enslaved persons; and ended with the U.S. Civil War. During this time, wetlands were transformed into highly managed farming systems that left behind a system of land use legacies when abandoned after slavery. Historically accepted estimates range from 29,950 to 60,703 ha; however, using remotely sensed data (e.g., LiDAR) and expert opinion, we mapped 95,551 ha of historic rice fields in South Carolina, USA. After mapping, the rice fields’ current wetland and land cover characteristics were assessed. Understanding the geographic distribution and characteristics allows insight into the overall human and ecological costs of forced land use change that can inform future landscapes.

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Dean, Lorraine T., e Genee S. Smith. "Examining the Role of Family History of US Enslavement in Health Care System Distrust Today". Ethnicity & Disease 31, n. 3 (15 luglio 2021): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.31.3.417.

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Objective: Black/African American people have long reported high, albeit warranted, distrust of the US health care system (HCS); however, Blacks/African Americans are not a homogenous racial/ethnic group. Little information is available on how the subgroup of Black Americans whose families suffered under US chattel slavery, here called Descendants of Africans Enslaved in the United States (DAEUS), view health care institutions. We compared knowledge of unethical treatment and HCS distrust among DAEUS and non-DAEUS.Design and Setting: A cross-sectional random-digit dialing survey was administered in 2005 to Blacks/African Americans, aged 21-75 years, from the University of Pennsylvania Clinical Practices in Philadelphia, Penn.Participants: Blacks/African Americans self-reported a family history of persons enslaved in the US (DAEUS) or no family history of persons enslaved in the US (non- DAEUS).Main Outcome Measures: HCS distrust was measured by a validated scale assessing perceptions of unethical experimentation and active or passive discrimination.Methods: We compared responses to the HCS distrust scale using Fisher’s exact and t-tests.Results: Of 89 respondents, 57% self-reported being DAEUS. A greater percentage of DAEUS reported knowledge of unethical treatment than non-DAEUS (56% vs 21%; P<.001), were significantly more likely to express distrust, and to endorse the presence of covert (eg, insurance-based) than overt forms (eg, race-based) of discrimination by the HCS.Conclusions: DAEUS express greater HCS distrust than non-DAEUS, patterned by awareness of unethical treatment and passive discrimination. Understanding how long-term exposure to US institutions influences health is critical to resolving disparities for all Black/African American groups. Rectifying past injustices through reparative institutional measures may improve DAEUS’ trust and engagement with the US HCS.Ethn Dis. 2021:31(3):417-424; doi:10.18865/ed.31.3.417

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Handler, Jerome S., e Matthew C. Reilly. "Contesting “White Slavery” in the Caribbean". New West Indian Guide 91, n. 1-2 (2017): 30–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-09101056.

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Seventeenth-century reports of the suffering of European indentured servants and the fact that many were transported to Barbados against their wishes has led to a growing body of transatlantic popular literature, particularly dealing with the Irish. This literature claims the existence of “white slavery” in Barbados and, essentially, argues that the harsh labor conditions and sufferings of indentured servants were as bad as or even worse than that of enslaved Africans. Though not loudly and publicly proclaimed, for some present-day white Barbadians, as for some Irish and Irish-Americans, the “white slavery” narrative stresses a sense of shared victimization; this sentiment then serves to discredit calls for reparations from the descendants of enslaved Africans in the United States and the former British West Indies. This article provides a detailed examination of the sociolegal distinctions between servitude and slavery, and argues that it is misleading, if not erroneous, to apply the term “slave” to Irish and other indentured servants in early Barbados. While not denying the hardships suffered by indentured servants, referring to white servants as slaves deflects the experiences of millions of persons of African birth or descent. We systematically discuss what we believe are the major sociolegal differences and the implications of these differences between indentured servitude and the chattel slavery that uniquely applied to Africans and their descendants.

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Casey, Zachary A., Brian D. Lozenski e Shannon K. McManimon. "From neoliberal policy to neoliberal pedagogy: Racializing and historicizing classroom management". Journal of Pedagogy / Pedagogický casopis 4, n. 1 (1 giugno 2013): 36–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jped-2013-0003.

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Abstract In this article we first trace the history of “management,” particularly in the United States, from the plantation to the factory to the corporation, with the intention of understanding and contextualizing “classroom management” in today‘s educational lexicon. To do so, we look at the intertwining history of racial knowledge and the management of enslaved persons; the subsequent development of scientific management; social efficiency educators‘ application of scientific management to education; and conceptions of classroom management in today‘s neoliberal environment, in which education is increasingly positioned as a consumer good subject to individual choice and competitive markets. We further look to examples from post- -colonial Africa to demonstrate the ways in which neocolonial forms of scientific management comingle and entwine with neoliberal policies and procedures. The global phenomenon of scientific management, rife with neoliberalism and racism, is finally examined in the context of (so-called) Culturally Responsive Classroom Management, a neoliberal project that claims to advocate social justice through the process of managing bodies in classrooms.

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Keener, Craig S. "African American Readings of Paul". Journal of Pentecostal Theology 32, n. 1 (27 febbraio 2023): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455251-32010011.

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Abstract Lisa Bowens’s African American Readings of Paul provides a fascinating adventure for all those interested in reception history of Paul and/or the history of the Black Church in the United States. Although also engaging modern scholarship, Bowens allows the historic voices of the Black Church to speak for themselves, thus sometimes challenging paradigms established by earlier scholars working from more limited evidence. When enslaved persons read the Bible, they embraced its liberationist and justice-oriented principles, rescuing Paul from the counterreadings of the slaveholders. Bowens sympathetically highlights the spiritual experiences of historic African American readers, by which they appropriated Paul’s ethos more deeply. Applying the same principles, African American women recognized Paul’s appreciation for women ministry colleagues and so contextualized his apparent prohibitions of women in ministry. The figures treated in this book are of more than historical interest; they often provide models of faithful discipleship and faithful readings of Scripture for readers today.

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Saito, Natsu. "Origin Stories: Critical Race Theory Encounters the War on Terror". Michigan Journal of Race & Law, n. 27.1 (2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.36643/mjrl.27.1.origin.

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Stories matter. They matter to those intent on maintaining structures of power and privilege, and to those being crushed by those structures. In the United States, the space to tell, and to hear, our stories has been expanding. This means that the histories and lived realities of those who have been excluded, particularly people of color, are seeping into mainstream discourse, into the books our children read, the movies and television shows they watch, and the many websites comprising social media. Critical race theory has played a role in this expansion. It insists that we recognize the legitimacy of the stories of those deemed “Other” because they have been erased or distorted beyond recognition in the dominant narrative. 3 Critical race theory has helped ensure that the legacies of genocide and broken treaties, of the cruelties imposed upon enslaved persons, of the forced inclusion and exclusion of those regarded simply as disposable labor, have worked their way into the realm of what can be talked about. Critical race scholars have exposed immigration injustices and called out xenophobia and Islamophobia. All this discomfits those who benefit, or believe they benefit, from the status quo.

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Stango, Marie. "Afterlives of Slavery in Early Liberia". J19: The Journal of Nineteenth-Century Americanists 11, n. 1 (marzo 2023): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jnc.2023.a909296.

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Abstract: This article examines letters written by formerly enslaved settlers in Liberia during the mid-nineteenth century to examine two aspects of the afterlives of slavery. Manumitted settlers in Liberia, as formerly enslaved people, connected to audiences in the United States in different ways from freeborn settlers, who were more likely to make multiple transatlantic voyages, or had commercial connections with the United States. In this afterlife of slavery in Liberia, the letter writers examined here relied on relationships with their former enslavers to remain connected to kin and community in the United States. In a second evocation of afterlives, these letters show how settlers' conceptualizations of home pressed beyond both the United States and Liberia. For them, "home" was reunification with family–a family that could only be made whole through a belief in a shared spiritual afterlife.

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Irving, T. B. "King Zumbi and the Male Movement in Brazil". American Journal of Islam and Society 9, n. 3 (1 ottobre 1992): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v9i3.2577.

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Three great regions of America deserve a Muslim's attedon because oftheir Islamic past: Brazil in South America; the Caribbean, which scarcely hasbeen explored in this tespect; and the United States. Over 12 percent of theUnited States' population, and even more in the Caribbean, is of African origin,whereas Brazil has a similar or greater proportion of African descent.The enslavement and transportation of Africans to the New World continuedfor another three or four centuries after the region's indigenous Indianpopulations had either been killed off or driven into the plains and wooc1s.While knowledge of the original African Muslims in Notth America is vaguely acknowledged, teseatch is still required on the West Indies. Brazil's case,however, is clearer due to its proud history of the Palmares republic, whichalmost achieved its freedom in the seventeenth century, and the clearly Islamicnineteenth-century Male movement. As a postscript, the Canudos movement in 1897 also contained some Islamic features.In the Spanish colonies, the decline of the indigenous Indian populationsbegan quickly. To offset this development, Bartolome de Las Casas (1474-1566), Bishop of Chiapas, Mexico, suggested the importation of enslavedAfricans to the new colonies, whete they could then be converted to Christianity.Few persons have exercised such a baneful effect on society as thisman, who is often called the "Apostle of the Indies." However, othes knewhim as the "Enslaver of Africans," especially the Muslims, who he called"Moots." These facts of African slavery apply to almost all of the Atlanticcoast of the Americas, from Maryland and Virginia to Argentina, as well asto some countries along the Pacific coast such as Ecuador and Peru. If thisaspect of Muslim history and the Islamic heritage is to be preserved for humanhistory, we need to devote more study to it.This tragedy began in the sixteenth century and, after mote than four hundredyears, its effects are still apparent. If those Africans caught and sold intoslavery were educated, as many of them were, they were generally Muslimsand wrote in Arabic. Thus, many educated and literate slaves kept the recordsfor their sometimes illiterate plantation masters, who often could not read ormake any mathematical calculations, let alone handle formal bookkeeping.In 1532, the first permanent European settlement was established in Brazil,a country which since that date has never been wholly cut off from WestAfrica: even today trade is carried on with the Guinea coast. Yoruba influencefrom Nigeria and Benin has been almost as pervasive in some regions of ...

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Tesi sul tema "Enslaved persons, united states"

Sandeen, Loucynda Elayne. "Who Owns This Body? Enslaved Women's Claim on Themselves". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1492.

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During the antebellum period of U.S. slavery (1830-1861), many people claimed ownership of the enslaved woman's body, both legally and figuratively. The assumption that they were merely property, however, belies the unstable, shifting truths about bodily ownership. This thesis inquires into the gendered specifics and ambiguities of the law, the body, and women under slavery. By examining the particular bodily regulation and exploitation of enslaved women, especially around their reproductive labor, I suggest that new operations of oppression and also of resistance come into focus. The legal structure recognized enslaved women in the interest of owners, and this limitation was defining, meaning that justice flowed in one direction. If married white women were "civilly dead," as famously evoked by the Declaration of Sentiments (1848) then enslaved women were civilly non-existent. The law controlled, but did not protect slaves, and a number of opponents to slavery denounced this contradictory scenario during the antebellum era (and before). Literally, enslaved women were claimed by their masters, purchased and sold as chattel. Physically, they were claimed by those men (both white and black) who sought to have power over them. Symbolically, they were claimed by anti-slavers and pro-slavers alike when it suited their purposes, often in the domains of news and literature, for the sake of advancing their ideas, a rich record of which fills court cases, newsprint, and propaganda touching the slavery issue before the civil war. Due to the numerous ways that enslaved women's bodies have been claimed, owned, or circulated in markets, it may have been considered implicit to many that others owned their bodies. I believe that this is an oversimplified historical supposition that needs to be re-theorized. Indeed, enslaved women lived in a time when they were often led to believe that their bodies were not truly their own, and yet, many of them resisted their particular forms of oppression by claiming ownership of their bodies and those of their children; sometimes using rather extreme methods to keep from contributing to their oppression. In other words, slave owners' monopoly of the legal, economic, and logistical meanings of ownership of slaves had to be constantly reaffirmed and negotiated. This thesis asks: who owned the enslaved woman's body? I seek to emphasize that enslaved women were valid claimants of themselves as can seen in primary sources that today have only been given limited expression in the historiography.

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Lussana, Sergio. "Band of brothers : enslaved men of the antebellum south". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/38179/.

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This thesis examines the world of enslaved men in the antebellum southern United States. Using oral interviews conducted with formerly enslaved people, full-length slave autobiographies, as well as enslaved folklore, plantation records, trial papers, and petitions, it underscores that the lives of enslaved men were intertwined with one another, and that male interdependence was a fact of enslaved life. It examines how pursuits such as drinking, gambling, wrestling, hunting, and evading the patrol gangs brought enslaved men together in an all-male subculture through which they constructed their own independent notions of masculinity, friendship, solidarity and resistance. The thesis argues that homosocial company was integral to the gendered identity and self-esteem of enslaved men. The emotional landscape they created with other men offered them a vital mutual support network through which to resist the dehumanising features of enslaved life. Through each other, they forged an oppositional masculine culture that defied and subverted the authority of the slaveholder that structured their everyday lives. Despite the controls designed to locate the enslaved in plantation space, enslaved men illicitly left plantations at night, evaded patrol gangs, engaged in theft, and spread news, gossip and rumours from plantation to plantation across the South. Evidence indicates that this distinct male world proved the foundation for conspiracy, rebellion and running away.

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Marshall, Amani N. "Enslaved women runaways in South Carolina, 1820--1865". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3278199.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2007.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: A, page: 4025. Adviser: Claude Clegg. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 7, 2008).

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Doddington, David Stefan. "Hierarchies and honour among enslaved men in the antebellum South". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55999/.

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When exploring the histories of male slaves in the antebellum South, there remains a tendency for them to feature as a singular entity; the failures and successes of male slaves are often discussed as all encompassing and identical. However, in defining male slaves as a monolithic entity seeking to affirm manhood in the face of oppression and attempted emasculation by white society, there is a danger that we remain wedded to a “white/black” dichotomy that neglects the complexity of interactions among enslaved people and issues of intersectionality. It is vital that we do not ignore the plurality of gender as a social and cultural construct and the manner in which enslaved people conceptualised and created gender identities from a variety of different attributes and ideals. Scholars have increasingly made it clear that socially becoming “male” or “female” was not biological destiny in the antebellum South, but there remains comparatively less attention to the multiplicity of masculinities among enslaved men. Yet enslaved men were not a homogenous body and nor was there a single understanding of what being a man meant in slave communities. Multiple understandings of, and a variety of ideals, were invoked as evidence of “manhood” by contemporaries, white and black, that went beyond any simplistic, singular, or naturalised model. Enslaved people formulated and articulated multiple models of masculinity, drawing upon a variety of different and potentially conflicting contemporary ideals to create masculine identities and a sense of selfhood. Furthermore, this sense of a gendered self could come through comparison with, and refusal of other “masculine” behaviours in their communities: enslaved men could rank themselves as men in direct comparison to others in their communities.

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Downer, Joseph A. "Hallowed Ground, Sacred Place| The Slave Cemetery At George Washington's Mount Vernon And the Cultural Landscapes of the Enslaved". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1582972.

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Cemeteries of the enslaved on many plantations in the 18th and 19th centuries were places where communities could practice forms of resistance, and develop distinct African-American traditions. These spaces often went unrecorded by elites, whose constructed landscapes were designed to convey messages of their own status and authority. In their oversight of these spaces, however, elites failed to notice the nuanced meanings the slaves themselves instilled in the landscapes they were forced to live and work in. These separate meanings enabled enslaved African Americans to maintain both human and cultural identities that subverted the slave system and the messages of inferiority that constantly bombarded them.

This thesis focuses on the archaeological study of the Slave Cemetery at George Washington's Mount Vernon. Here, methodological and theoretical principles are utilized to study the area that many enslaved workers call their final resting place. Through the use of this space, it is hypothesized that Mount Vernon's enslaved community practiced distinct traditions, instilling in that spot a sense of place, and reinforcing their individual and communal human identities. This thesis will also investigate the cemetery within its broader regional and cultural contexts, to attain a better understanding of the death rituals and culturally resistant activates that slaves at Mount Vernon used in their day-to-day battle against the system that held them in bondage.

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Acosta, Howard Martin Jr. "Enslaved subjectives| Masculinities and possession through the Louisiana Supreme Court case, Humphreys v. Utz ( unreported)". Thesis, Tulane University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1571590.

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The aims of this microhistory are to provide a narrative concerning the possession of Southern masculinities and to untangle the hegemonic, convergent, and divergent forms of these identities that played out on the plantation stages. As this essay will show, the plantation stages were the sites where Southern men engaged in their most heated and personal conflicts over what was theirs and why. This thesis brings gendered selves to the forefront of conflict: the Southern men at the top of the plantation system fought to maintain their power through continuous assertions and redefinitions of their hegemonic masculinities. Thus, any man, regardless of his class or his race, could rise to the top of this symbolic status quo—for even just an instant. What ensued was an increasingly unstable hierarchy imposed by the planter standing on top, the black slave chained to the bottom, and other white men fighting or subtly negotiating their way up. Though challenged daily by enslaved black men and women, as well as the white men in their employ, the success of planters' masculinities in possessing what opposed them kept their ideal alive.

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Campo, Allison Michelle. "Nineteenth Century Enslaved African Americans' Coping Strategies for the Stresses of Enslavement in Virginia". W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626789.

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Hill, Ronald Bryant. "Missing in America homelessness during the Reagan revolution /". Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034548.

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Marks, Steven M. Meer Thomas M. Nilson Matthew T. "Manhunting : a methodology for finding persons of national interest /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FMarks.pdf.

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Brown, David Arthur. "An Enslaved Landscape: The Virginia Plantation at the End of the Seventeenth Century". W&M ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623632.

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Lewis Burwell II designed Fairfield plantation in Gloucester County to be the most sophisticated and successful architectural and agricultural effort in late seventeenth-century Virginia. He envisioned a physical framework with the intent to control the world around him so that he might profit from growing tobacco, while raising his family's status to the highest in the colony through the display of wealth and knowledge and the enslavement of both Africans and the natural surroundings. The landscape he envisioned contrasted with those of the enslaved Africans he purchased and put to work in the fields and buildings surrounding his '1694 brick manor house. These overlapping and often competing landscapes are visible in the surviving material culture, archaeological remains, and historic documents. Individuals created these landscapes from their personal experiences, a product of their constantly changing perspectives extending outward from themselves, their "way of seeing" tempered by a culture rooted in Senegambia, England, or Virginia. at a crucial period in Virginia history, perhaps the most significant period of plantation development prior to the Civil War, Lewis Burwell II's Fairfield plantation reflected the struggle between the co-dependent strains of agricultural expansion and racialized slavery. This dissertation attempts to explain how and why individuals created and manipulated these landscapes, how landscapes provided opportunities and constrained possibilities, defined interpersonal relationships, individual and group identities, and the relative success and failures of a society constantly confronted with a physical environment it could not wholly control. By studying past landscapes and how others used them to define and redefine their identities, it is possible to gain insight into our present condition, deepening an understanding of how our interactions with landscape define our own identity.

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Libri sul tema "Enslaved persons, united states"

J, Heglar Charles, a cura di. The life and adventures of Henry Bibb: An American slave. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2001.

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Freeing Enslaved Minds of Black Americans. WingSpan Press, 2006.

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Growing up in Slavery: Stories of Young Slaves as Told by Themselves. Perfection Learning Corporation, 2006.

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Memories of Childhood's Slavery Days. IndyPublish, 2007.

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Memories of Childhood's Slavery Days. IndyPublish, 2006.

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The Emancipation Proclamation Cornerstones of Freedom Paperback. Children's Press(CT), 1998.

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Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States, from Interviews with Former Slaves. Native American Books Distributor, 2007.

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Lucy Terry Prince. Pocumtuck Valley Member Association, 1997.

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Susanna McGavock Carter: The Trusted Housekeeper Slave of General William Giles Harding of Nashville's Belle Meade Plantation. Emma White Bragg, 1993.

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The Willie Lynch Letter & the Making of a Slave. Lushena Books, 1999.

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Adachi, Kei. "Visual Perception in Elderly Persons with Dementia". In Handbook of Japan-United States Environment-Behavior Research, 15–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0286-3_2.

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Nuckolls, Charles W. "Mental Health Categories and the Construction of Cultural Identities in the United States and New Zealand". In Troubled Persons Industries, 289–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83745-7_12.

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Novak, Shannon A. "Partible Persons or Persons Apart: Postmortem Interventions at the Spring Street Presbyterian Church, Manhattan". In The Bioarchaeology of Dissection and Autopsy in the United States, 87–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26836-1_5.

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Spellberg, Denise A. "Finding “Fatima” among enslaved Muslim women in the antebellum United States". In The Routledge Companion to Black Women’s Cultural Histories, 109–19. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429243578-13.

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Beitler, James Edward. "“A Person is a Person Through Other Persons”: Reaccentuating Ubuntu in Greensboro". In Remaking Transitional Justice in the United States, 51–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5295-9_3.

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Pavone, Ilja Richard. "Article 40 [Conference of States Parties]". In The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 667–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43790-3_42.

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Kestenbaum, Bert. "Semi-supercentenarians in the United States". In Demographic Research Monographs, 191–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49970-9_13.

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AbstractThis chapter discusses in detail the procedure followed to identify a 1-in-10 sample of persons born between 1870 and 1899 who resided in the United States at the time of their death at ages 105–109 for men and 108 or 109 for women. We tabulate the characteristics of these “semi-supercentenarians” and offer some observations about the level of their mortality. The procedure for identifying semi-supercentenarians consists of (1) casting a net to find candidates and then (2) determining for which candidates can both date of birth and date of death be validated. The net used to find candidates in the United States is different from the nets typically used in other counties: in the United States we use the file of enrollments in the federal government’s Medicare health insurance program. Some of the information needed for the verification step comes from another administrative file – the Social Security Administration’s file of applications for a new or replacement social security card. Verification of the date of death is accomplished by querying the National Death Index. Dates of birth are verified by using online resources to access the records of several censuses conducted many decades earlier.

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Teaster, Pamela B., e Manasi Shankar. "United States Treatment of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic". In Handbook on COVID-19 Pandemic and Older Persons, 299–327. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1467-8_19.

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Sandovici, Maria Elena. "Legal Yet Enslaved: The Case of Migrant Farm Workers in the United States". In The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery, 424–33. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526436146.n22.

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Moscatelli, Silvana. "Article 37 [Cooperation Between States Parties and the Committee]". In The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 635–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43790-3_39.

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Bamrah, Sapna, Rachel Yelk Woodruff, Krista Powell e Maryam Haddad. "Tuberculosis Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness - United States, 1994-2009". In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a2322.

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Kim, Lindsay, Patrick Moonan, Rachel Yelk Woodruff e Maryam Haddad. "Epidemiology Of Persons With Recurrent Tuberculosis: United States, 1993-2010". In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a2336.

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Baker, Brian, Carla Jeffries e Patrick K. Moonan. "Tuberculosis In Mexico-Born Persons In The United States -1993-2011". In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3253.

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Marshall, J., R. Mercaldo, E. Lipner e R. Prevots. "Incidence of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections Among Persons with Cystic Fibrosis in the United States (2010-2017)". In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a3865.

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Mazurek, Jacek, Girija Syamlal e David Weissman. "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality among ever-employed persons aged ≥15 years, by industry and occupation—United States, 2021". In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.pa5169.

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Dagnelie, Gislin. "Testing Vision Beyond Legal Blindness: Early Beginnings of a Visual Function Test Battery". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.fc.5.

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Retinal degenerative diseases place a severe burden on the quality of life of over 100,000 young and working age individuals, and seriously threaten the independence and health of several million elderly persons in the United States alone.

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Klein, Volker, Johannes Roths, Manfred Resch, Markus Erhard, B. Hilber, Rolf Heilmann, Christian Werner e Jürgen Streicher. "The ODIN1 Doppler Wind Lidar, A New Tool for Meteorological Airport Surveillance". In Coherent Laser Radar. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/clr.1995.me13.

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Severe turbulence and low altitude wind shear are posing a significant threat to landing and departing aircraft. According to FAA and ICAO statistics, more than 600 persons lost their lives between 1965 and 1985 in the United States alone.

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Richardson, Sandra F. "Abstract B8: Research on HIV/AIDS-related cancers among racial/ethnic minority and underserved persons in the United States". In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities‐‐ Sep 30-Oct 3, 2010; Miami, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.disp-10-b8.

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Oh, Peter, Amy Davidow, Randall Reves, Ed A. Graviss, Rachel A. Royce, Dolly Katz e For The Tuberculosis Epidemiologic. "The Contribution Of Prevalent Cases To The Reported Tuberculosis Case Load Among Newly-Arrived Foreign-Born Persons In The United States". In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a1845.

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Kurysheva, E. S. "The main stages of the process of formation and development of inclusive education in the United States in the context of multicultural educational policy". In Наука России: Цели и задачи. НЦ "LJournal", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-04-2021-67.

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This article identifies the main stages of the formation of inclusive education (segregative, integrative, inclusive), reveals the evolutionary nature of inclusive education. The article analyzes the content of the main document regulating the right to education of children with alternative development - The Law on Education of Persons with Disabilities (1975).

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Enslaved persons, united states"

Cohen, Robin A., Emily P. Terlizzi, Amy E. Cha, Michael E. Martinez, Van L. Parsons, Rong Wei e Yulei He. Geographic variation in health insurance coverage : United States, 2019. National Center for Health Statistics, agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:107558.

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Mehra, Tanya, Merlina Herbach, Devorah Margolin e Austin C. Doctor. Trends in the Return and Prosecution of ISIS Foreign Terrorist Fighters in the United States. ICCT, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2023.3.04.

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Approximately 300 Americans are estimated to have traveled or attempted to join the Islamic State (ISIS) as part of the group’s campaign in Syria and Iraq between 2013 and 2019. These individuals joined more than 53,000 men, women, and minors from roughly 80 countries. Often referred to as foreign (terrorist) fighters (FTF), these are individuals from third countries who travel to join a terrorist group to support its activities. In the United States (U.S.) context, the FTF designation does not denote the act of fighting itself, but rather the support of a designated foreign terrorist organization (FTO). While many of these radicalized individuals traveled alone to the conflict zone, others brought their families or formed new ones in-theater. As ISIS’ selfdeclared caliphate collapsed, many were killed, some fled to other locations, and many were captured and held by Kurdish forces. Men and some teenage boys were primarily placed in prisons, while women and minors were often moved into detention camps. Today, an estimated 10,000 male FTFs remain held in northeastern Syria including 2,000 men and boys from 60 countries outside Syria and Iraq (third country nationals, or TCNs). In addition, local camps hold close to 55,000 female FTF and FTF-affiliated family members, including roughly 10,000 TCN women and children. Some of these individuals have now been in detention for four years or more. The indefinite detention of FTF and FTF-affiliated families in northeastern Syria is not a tenable solution. In addition to clear humanitarian concerns, there is a significant security risk that the facilities’ inhabitants provide a groundswell of recruits to the still active ISIS campaign in the region. A 2022 U.S. military report puts it bluntly, “These children in the camp are prime targets for ISIS radicalization. The international community must work together to remove these children from this environment by repatriating them to their countries or communities of origin while improving conditions in the camp.” In lockstep, U.S. diplomatic leaders have made repatriation a policy priority empowered by a general domestic partisan consensus that the repatriation of FTF and FTF-affiliated families from northeastern Syria should be done expediently. Progress has been slow, while many Western nations were strongly resistant to bringing their detained citizens home, there is recent evidence for cautious optimism. Approximately 9,200 persons – including 2,700 TCNs and 6,500 Iraqis repatriated since 2019. This year, 13 countries have repatriated roughly 2,300 persons, including more than 350 TCNs. However, more work remains to be done. As of July 15, 2023, 39 U.S. persons have been officially repatriated, including both adults and minors. At least 11 additional U.S. persons have returned on their own accord, ten of whom remained in the U.S. following their return. Furthermore, the U.S. has made the decision to bring several non-U.S. persons to the U.S. to stand trial.

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MacFadyen, Anne, Kristen Miller e Lauren Creamer. Cognitive Testing of the International Labor Organization’s Revised Labor Force Module of Persons with Disabilities: Results from Cognitive Testing in the United States and India. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), marzo 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/150775.

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Kerwin, Donald, Mark von Sternberg, Juan Osuna, Mary McClenahan, Alicia Triche, Helen Morris e Tom Shea. The Needless Detention of Immigrants in the United States: Why Are We Locking Up Asylum-Seekers, Children, Stateless Persons, Long-Term Permanent Residents, and Petty Offenders? Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc., agosto 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.14240/atriskreport4.

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Fernández de la Reguera Ahedo, Alethia. Working paper PUEAA No. 17. Asylum seeking African families in transit through Mexico: between border controls and international protection. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.002r.2023.

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African migrants in Mexico are migratory flows that have been less studied than migration from Latin America (Cinta Cruz, 2020). In the last five years, migrants from 35 different African countries were detained in Mexico. Although arrests of African persons are much lower than in the case of Central American countries, on average, between 6 and 19 African persons are detained per day. It is essential to know their mobility patterns, identify their international protection needs, and the main obstacles they face, whether to cross into the United States or to remain in Mexico as refugees (Narváez Gutiérrez, 2015). In addition, these populations are often highly stigmatized and exposed to face racism and institutional violence when they contact Mexican authorities (Immigration, 2021). In this working paper, my objective is to present some data on the migration of African people in Mexico after the arrival of caravans in 2018 and to reflect on the impact of a global discourse that stereotypes migrants as criminals or sick people in the access to human rights of African asylum seekers in Mexico and on the effects of a growing tendency to treat migrants as beneficiaries of temporary humanitarian aid rather than as subjects of rights.

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St. John, Haley, e Juliette Scantlebury. A 10-Year Review of Opioid-Related Deaths at West Tennessee Regional Forensic Center: 2007-2017. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/com.lsp.2019.0005.

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Prescription opioid deaths have tripled since 1999, and currently opioid overdose kills 115 Americans per day on average (1). Prior to 2014, prescription opioids have been the primary driver of opioid-related mortality. In recent years, the United States has seen a steady decline in the rate of opioid prescription. At the same time, there has been a significant increase in the number of deaths attributed to non-prescription opioids such as heroin, illicitly manufactured fentanyl, and fentanyl analogues. In 2017, among 70,237 drug overdose deaths nationally, 47,600 (67.8%) involved opioids, with increases across age groups, racial/ethnic groups, and county urbanization levels in multiple states (2). The opioid epidemic is especially profound in Tennessee, which had the 3rd highest opioid prescription rate in the country in 2017 and an opioid-related death rate of 19.3 deaths per 100,000 persons, compared to the national average of 14.6 (3). This retrospective study analyzes autopsy data from West Tennessee Regional Forensic Center (WTRFC) from 2007 to 2017 to gain a better understanding of the effects of the opioid epidemic on West Tennessee and the surrounding areas. Data from opioid-related accidents and suicides were analyzed in order to identify trends in race, age, gender, location, types of opioids, and drug combinations involved in opioid-related deaths.

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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell e Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, aprile 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.

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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.

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Lewis, Dustin, e Naz Modirzadeh. Taking into Account the Potential Effects of Counterterrorism Measures on Humanitarian and Medical Activities: Elements of an Analytical Framework for States Grounded in Respect for International Law. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/qbot8406.

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For at least a decade, States, humanitarian bodies, and civil-society actors have raised concerns about how certain counterterrorism measures can prevent or impede humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts. In 2019, the issue drew the attention of the world’s preeminent body charged with maintaining or restoring international peace and security: the United Nations Security Council. In two resolutions — Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019) — adopted that year, the Security Council urged States to take into account the potential effects of certain counterterrorism measures on exclusively humanitarian activities, including medical activities, that are carried out by impartial humanitarian actors in a manner consistent with international humanitarian law (IHL). By implicitly recognizing that measures adopted to achieve one policy objective (countering terrorism) can impair or prevent another policy objective (safeguarding humanitarian and medical activities), the Security Council elevated taking into account the potential effects of certain counterterrorism measures on exclusively humanitarian activities to an issue implicating international peace and security. In this legal briefing, we aim to support the development of an analytical framework through which a State may seek to devise and administer a system to take into account the potential effects of counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities. Our primary intended audience includes the people involved in creating or administering a “take into account” system and in developing relevant laws and policies. Our analysis zooms in on Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019) and focuses on grounding the framework in respect for international law, notably the U.N. Charter and IHL. In section 1, we introduce the impetus, objectives, and structure of the briefing. In our view, a thorough legal analysis of the relevant resolutions in their wider context is a crucial element to laying the conditions conducive to the development and administration of an effective “take into account” system. Further, the stakes and timeliness of the issue, the Security Council’s implicit recognition of a potential tension between measures adopted to achieve different policy objectives, and the relatively scant salient direct practice and scholarship on elements pertinent to “take into account” systems also compelled us to engage in original legal analysis, with a focus on public international law and IHL. In section 2, as a primer for readers unfamiliar with the core issues, we briefly outline humanitarian and medical activities and counterterrorism measures. Then we highlight a range of possible effects of the latter on the former. Concerning armed conflict, humanitarian activities aim primarily to provide relief to and protection for people affected by the conflict whose needs are unmet, whereas medical activities aim primarily to provide care for wounded and sick persons, including the enemy. Meanwhile, for at least several decades, States have sought to prevent and suppress acts of terrorism and punish those who commit, attempt to commit, or otherwise support acts of terrorism. Under the rubric of countering terrorism, States have taken an increasingly broad and diverse array of actions at the global, regional, and national levels. A growing body of qualitative and quantitative evidence documents how certain measures designed and applied to counter terrorism can impede or prevent humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts. In a nutshell, counterterrorism measures may lead to diminished or complete lack of access by humanitarian and medical actors to the persons affected by an armed conflict that is also characterized as a counterterrorism context, or those measures may adversely affect the scope, amount, or quality of humanitarian and medical services provided to such persons. The diverse array of detrimental effects of certain counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities may be grouped into several cross-cutting categories, including operational, financial, security, legal, and reputational effects. In section 3, we explain some of the key legal aspects of humanitarian and medical activities and counterterrorism measures. States have developed IHL as the primary body of international law applicable to acts and omissions connected with an armed conflict. IHL lays down several rights and obligations relating to a broad spectrum of humanitarian and medical activities pertaining to armed conflicts. A violation of an applicable IHL provision related to humanitarian or medical activities may engage the international legal responsibility of a State or an individual. Meanwhile, at the international level, there is no single, comprehensive body of counterterrorism laws. However, States have developed a collection of treaties to pursue specific anti-terrorism objectives. Further, for its part, the Security Council has assumed an increasingly prominent role in countering terrorism, including by adopting decisions that U.N. Member States must accept and carry out under the U.N. Charter. Some counterterrorism measures are designed and applied in a manner that implicitly or expressly “carves out” particular safeguards — typically in the form of limited exceptions or exemptions — for certain humanitarian or medical activities or actors. Yet most counterterrorism measures do not include such safeguards. In section 4, which constitutes the bulk of our original legal analysis, we closely evaluate the two resolutions in which the Security Council urged States to take into account the effects of (certain) counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities. We set the stage by summarizing some aspects of the legal relations between Security Council acts and IHL provisions pertaining to humanitarian and medical activities. We then analyze the status, consequences, and content of several substantive elements of the resolutions and what they may entail for States seeking to counter terrorism and safeguard humanitarian and medical activities. Among the elements that we evaluate are: the Security Council’s new notion of a prohibited financial “benefit” for terrorists as it may relate to humanitarian and medical activities; the Council’s demand that States comply with IHL obligations while countering terrorism; and the constituent parts of the Council’s notion of a “take into account” system. In section 5, we set out some potential elements of an analytical framework through which a State may seek to develop and administer its “take into account” system in line with Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019). In terms of its object and purpose, a “take into account” system may aim to secure respect for international law, notably the U.N. Charter and IHL pertaining to humanitarian and medical activities. In addition, the system may seek to safeguard humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts that also qualify as counterterrorism contexts. We also identify two sets of preconditions arguably necessary for a State to anticipate and address relevant potential effects through the development and execution of its “take into account” system. Finally, we suggest three sets of attributes that a “take into account” system may need to embody to achieve its aims: utilizing a State-wide approach, focusing on potential effects, and including default principles and rules to help guide implementation. In section 6, we briefly conclude. In our view, jointly pursuing the policy objectives of countering terrorism and safeguarding humanitarian and medical activities presents several opportunities, challenges, and complexities. International law does not necessarily provide ready-made answers to all of the difficult questions in this area. Yet devising and executing a “take into account” system provides a State significant opportunities to safeguard humanitarian and medical activities and counter terrorism while securing greater respect for international law.

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Fatal unintentional farm injuries among persons less than 20 years old in the United States: geographic profiles. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, luglio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2001131.

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A comparative analysis of anti-trafficking intervention approaches in Nepal. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2000.1000.

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This report on current intervention models is part of a larger research study entitled “Intervention Needs for the Prevention of Trafficking and the Care and Support of Trafficked Persons in the Context of an Emerging HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Nepal.” The United States Agency for International Development supported this comprehensive study under the Population Council’s Horizons Program. The Population Council subcontracted the Asia Foundation in Kathmandu to conduct the research. This report documents and analyzes current intervention models for the prevention of trafficking and the care and support of trafficked persons in Nepal. Between August and September 2000, two researchers interviewed four key informants, one donor agency, and two international and eight local NGOs based in Kathmandu. All of these individuals and organizations support or implement anti-trafficking programs or have extensive knowledge of trafficking-related issues in Nepal. This research aims to understand current perceptions of trafficking and identify the assumptions that explicitly or implicitly inform intervention approaches. A comparative analysis of different intervention approaches was made using a human rights framework.

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