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Tesi sul tema "Engineering"
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1
VanderSteen, Jonathan Daniel James. "Humanitarian engineering in the engineering curriculum". Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1373.
Testo completo
2
Riehle, Richard D. "An engineering context for software engineering". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FRiehle%5FPhD.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dissertation (Ph.D. in Software Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.Dissertation Supervisor(s): Michael, J. Bret. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 4, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-120). Also available in print.
3
BERNOCCO, MARCO. "Bioreactor engineering for tissue engineering application". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2513796.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Lo scopo di questo lavoro di tesi è la caratterizzazione metrologica di un bioreattore con l’intento di aumentare la riproducibilità e l’affidabilità dei processi di Ingegneria tessutale (Tissue Engineering, TE). La Tissue engineering (TE) o ingegneria dei tessuti è la disciplina che studia la comprensione dei principi della crescita dei tessuti, e la loro applicazione per produrre tessuto funzionale per uso clinico o diagnostico. Uno dei principali scopi della TE è l’impiego di tessuti in crescita naturale extracorporea per la medicina rigenerativa, in altre parole lo sviluppo di strategie terapeutiche mirate alla sostituzione, riparazione, manutenzione e/o il miglioramento della funzione dei tessuti. L’ingegneria dei tessuti è caratterizzata da una grande interdisciplinarità che prevede la collaborazione di figure professionali con competenze molto differenti tra loro, quali biologi, chimici, fisici, matematici, ingegneri.
L’obiettivo è il progetto di un bioreattore che sia affidabile e controllabile per seguire l’evoluzione del processo. Questo deve essere eseguito applicando metodi metrologici allo studio del processo. La metrologia permette di poter quantificare l’incertezza di un fenomeno quindi di determinare la proprietà di un fenomeno, corpo o sostanza, che può essere distinta qualitativamente e determinata quantitativamente. Le fonti d’incertezza che caratterizzano l’incertezza finale o composta è legata: alla mancanza di conoscenza e alla variabilità del sistema e prevede strategie differenti per la loro gestione. La mancanza di conoscenza e può essere ridotta migliorando le informazioni sul sistema in esame, mentre la variabilità del sistema sotto studio, può essere gestita riducendo degli scenari presi in considerazione o definendo più precisamente il sistema studiato.
4
Wahlström, Niklas. "Reverse engineering : En processkartläggning på reverse engineering". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202883.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Alstom Power Sweden AB in Norrköping isexpanding their business in the presentsituation and has implemented aprocedure for reverse engineering as apart of this work. Reverse engineeringat Alstom is an extensive procedurethat is calculated to be performedunder very time demanding conditions. This thesis is a continued exertion ofthe implementation process in order toidentify and describe the mostimportant process steps in purpose to beable to manage and improve theprocess.This thesis was written with twoprimary objectives. The first was todescribe and map out the procedure torecreate technical data of a turbineblade, based on a validation of thereverse engineering process that hasbeen performed at Alstom in Norrköping.The second purpose was to describe thekey factors to achieve successful usageof reverse engineering that have beennoticed in the literature study. The work is based on a literature studyon the subject reverse engineeringwhich produced the theoreticalknowledge of the method to reproducetechnical data to a product. Theliterature study has also led to adescription of reverse engineering froma legal perspective to clarify how farit is allowed to apply the methodaccording to the patent laws. With theliterature study as support and furtherhelp and guidance from individualswithin the reverse engineering unit atAlstom, a complete picture andunderstanding of the process has beenproduced and documented.
5
Odendaal, Marius. "Re-engineering an engineering career / Marius Odendaal". Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4755.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Re-engineering is an ongoing process of change that continues throughout a
person's life. It includes all aspects of life, even your career and lifestyle as
you continue to grow as an individual. There is no satisfaction or of self-fulfilment
in clinging to a career and its accompanying lifestyle which you have
outgrown. To change this, people should approach career planning and
management from a different point of view. The making of a career and
lifestyle change is something most people find horrendously difficult. Making
effective career and lifestyle changes incorporating your dream and passion
should be seen as a challenge.
There is a common denominator in this whole discussion which influences the
decisions that people make when it comes to choosing their careers. It boils
down to wanting to make a success of their lives and the fear of being a
failure. But how does one define success? Success can mean different
things to different people. For some, monetary reward is a measure of
success. Yet others have multiple definitions of success. People should first
determine their own definition of success before deciding what career they
would like to pursue. Many of us make this decision based on what other
people, such as our parents or friends, perceive as success.
Exploring career choices should be a positive undertaking for high school
students. A thoughtfully constructed career choice process will provide a
meaningful, productive and satisfying framework for making quality career
choices. Some students do not begin to explore real career possibilities until
after graduation. Tertiary education institutions should provide students with
relevant information earlier in their studies. Institutions could be more proactive,
giving students information that they could test and use in their daily
studies and ultimately apply to their choice of career.
Young adults turn to their career guidance counsellors in their schools for
advice on determining what career paths they should follow. The problem
within the South African public educational system currently is that there is
inadequate provision for career guidance or assessment of individual learners.
The majority of young people leave school with only a vague knowledge of
employment opportunities and with little insight concerning the career
direction most appropriate to their abilities, interests and personality.
Believing that their only chance of future employment is the attainment of
some sort of qualification, they are pitch-forked into tertiary education without
any consideration given to the appropriateness of their chosen qualification to
their abilities, interests and personality. This results in a large percentage of
employees who feel trapped in an inappropriate career. This leads to low
morale, disinterest and de-motivation, translating into poor performance and
bad service levels. In the end unhappy employees either leave of their own
free will or need to be dismissed. In either case, the cost to the business is
substantial.
When it comes to making a career change in order to follow your dream and
passion, people are normally shackled by the comfort and security they
experience in their current jobs and the fear of failing should they risk
following their dream. The decision to make a career change should follow a
formal process in order to enable a person to make an informed and
responsible career change.
The value to the researcher personally is that he will have a better
understanding of why he decided to change his career. Is it a real choice or is
it only a pipe dream that will eventually fade away because of the challenges
facing him in the future?Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
6
Aor, Bruno. "Engineering microchannels for vascularization in bone tissue engineering". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0430/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In vitro, la formation de structures de type tubulaire avec des cellules endothéliales de veine ombilicale humaine (HUVEC) a été étudiée en combinant la fonctionnalisation de la chimie des matériaux et le développement de la géométrie tridimensionnelle. Le polycarbonate (PC) a été utilisé comme modèle pour le développement de l'échafaud. Le film de polysaccharide naturel, basé sur un dépôt alternatif couche par couche (LbL) d’acide hyaluronique (HA) et de chitosane (CHI), a d’abord été appliqué sur une surface PC et caractérisé en termes de croissance d’épaisseur microscopie à balayage lascar (CLSM). Cette première fonctionnalisation se traduit par un revêtement complet de la couche PC. Une biofonctionnalisation supplémentaire avec un peptide adhésif (RGD) et deux peptides angiogénétiques (SVV et QK) a été étudiée, immobilisant ces peptides sur le groupe carboxylique de HA précédemment déposé, en utilisant la chimie bien connue du carbodiimide. La version marquée de chaque peptide a été utilisée pour caractériser l’immobilisation et la pénétration des peptides dans les couches de polyélectrolytes, aboutissant à une greffe réussie avec une pénétration complète dans toute l’épaisseur du LbL. Des tests in vitro ont été effectués à l'aide de cellules HUVEC pour évaluer leur efficacité d'adhésion et leur activité métabolique sur la LbL avec et sans immobilisation de peptides, ce qui a permis d'améliorer l'activité préliminaire lorsque des combinaisons de peptides sont utilisées. Enfin, les micro-canaux PC (μCh) ont été développés et caractérisés pour la première fois, et les autres expériences ont été réalisées sur un micromètre de 25 μm de largeur, fonctionnalisé avec une architecture (HA / CHI) 12,5 (PC-LbL) avec des peptides RGD et QK -RGD + QK) ou avec des peptides RGD et SVV (PC-RGD + SVV). Notre première expérience de tubulogénèse a montré de manière surprenante la formation de structures de type tubulaire déjà après 2h d'incubation en utilisant la combinaison double-peptides, mais uniquement avec PC-RGD + QK. Les tubes étaient également présents après 3 et 4 heures de culture. L'expérience de co-culture avec des péricytes humains dérivés du placenta (hPC-PL) montre comment la stabilisation des tubes a été améliorée après 3 et 4 heures également pour l'échantillon de PC-RGD + SVV. Globalement, notre matériel bio-fonctionnel avec les peptides PC-RGD + QK et PC-RGD + SVV permet la formation d'une structure de type tubulaire à la fois dans une expérience de monoculture et de co-cultureIn vitro, tubular-like structures formation with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was investigated by combining material chemistry functionalization and three-dimensional geometry development. Polycarbonate (PC) was used as a template for the development of the scaffold. Natural polysaccharide’s film based on alternate layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CHI), was first applied to PC surface and characterized in terms of thickness growth both, in dry conditions using ellipsometry, and confocal lascar scanning microscopy (CLSM). This first functionalization results in a complete coating of the PC layer. Further biofunctionalization with one adhesive peptide (RGD) and two angiogenetic peptides (SVV and QK) was investigated, immobilizing those peptides on the carboxylic group of HA previously deposited, using the well-known carbodiimide chemistry. The labeled version of each peptide was used to characterize the peptides’ immobilization and penetration into the polyelectrolytes layers, resulting in a successful grafting with complete penetration through the entire thickness of the LbL. In vitro tests were performed using HUVECs to assess their adhesion efficiency and their metabolic activity on the LbL with and without peptide immobilization, resulting in a preliminary improved activity when peptide-combinations is used. Finally, PC micro-channels (μCh) were first developed and characterized, and the rest of the experiments were performed on μCh of 25μm width, functionalized with (HA/CHI)12.5 architecture (PC-LbL) with RGD and QK peptides (PC-RGD+QK) or with RGD and SVV peptides (PC-RGD+SVV). Our first tubulogenesis experiment surprisingly showed the formation of tubular-like structures already after 2h of incubation using the double-peptides combination but only using PC-RGD+QK the tubes were present also after 3 and 4 hours of culture. The co-culture experiment with human pericytes derived from placenta (hPC-PL) demonstrates how the stabilization of the tubes was improved after 3 and 4 hours also for the PC-RGD+SVV sample. Globally our bio-functional material with PC-RGD+QK and PC-RGD+SVV peptides allow the formation of tubular-like structure in both mono and co-culture experiment
7
Steinegger, Thomas. "Defect Engineering". Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:105-8973489.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Die Kenntnisse über die zur Passivierung führenden Wechselwirkungen des Verunreinigungselements Cu mit EL2 und EL6 wurden dahingehend erweitert, dass ein Gültigkeitsbereich für die Messungen zur Bestimmung der konzentrationsproportionalen Messgröße der Defekte festgelegt wurde. Der Defekt EL6 ist das die 0.8 eV-PL-Emission bedingende und die Ladungsträgerlebensdauer determinierende Rekombinationszentrum. Die Lebensdauer wird durch mindestens ein weiteres Zentrum beeinflusst. Die atomare Struktur des EL6 wurde mit AsGa VAs und die des weiteren Zentrums mit Asi bestimmt. Mittels Wärmebehandlung kann die Ladungsträgerlebensdauer gezielt beeinflusst werden. Bei der Bildung und Annihilation sowie der Verteilung der Defekte EL2, EL6, VGa und der As-Ausscheidungen besteht eine wechselseitige Korrelation. Sowohl strukturelle Defekte als auch die Inkorporation von Dotierelementen, deren Atomradien deutlich kleiner sind als Ga und As, stellen beeinflussende Faktoren dar. Das Defekt-Transformations-Modell erklärt die Bildung wachstumsfähiger Keime einer As-Ausscheidung durch EL2 bzw. EL6 mit den sich in der ersten Koordingationssphäre befindenden As-Atomen. Das Gitterrelaxations-Modell ermöglicht die Interpretation der katalytischen Wirkung des Dotierelements C. Die Umsetzung dieser Ergebnisse bedeutet die Anwendung des Defect Engineerings im SI-LEC-GaAs.
8
Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Access Engineering". McGraw-Hill, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655256.
Testo completo
9
Шарапа, Р. В. "Genetic engineering". Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10803.
Testo completo
10
Romaniuk, Oleg. "Social engineering". Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13157.
Testo completo
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Проняєва, Вікторія Едуардівна, Виктория Эдуардовна Проняева, Viktoriia Eduardivna Proniaieva e E. V. German. "Genetic engineering". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22612.
Testo completo
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Морозова, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova e M. S. Shkurat. "Modern engineering". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22728.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Technology is taking such rapid strides forward at such a blurring pace that what is considered a marvelous novelty turns into a mundane common object within no time. To classify and bunch a set of man-made marvels from a world that is being constantly altered is a pretty tough job. Finding them is easy enough in a world filled with man-made wonders but the relevance of such a compilation will be short-lived compared with a list from the ancient world. Yet I embark on a journey across the planet and beyond to try and find out the best the world has to offer—our own creations that leave us in awe.
I have found seven marvels of modern engineering.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22728
13
Adu-Gyamfi, Kwame. "Civil Engineering". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1141840448.
Testo completo
14
Saitz, Lukáš. "Marketing Engineering". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3600.
Testo completo
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Nivens, Ryan Andrew, Laura Robertson e Jamie Price. "Pancake Engineering". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2651.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This session will engage participants in an activity to explore pancake engineering that connects to middle school math, science, and ELA content. Assessment and the CER framework will be discussed. Bring your own fork and coffee and join us!
16
Robertson, Laura. "Engineering Design". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/781.
Testo completo
17
Nemec, Lydia. "Graphene engineering". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Die besonderen Eigenschaften von Graphen ermöglichen das Design von elektronischen Bauteilen im Nanometerbereich. Graphen kann auf der Oberfläche von Siliziumkarbonat (SiC) durch das Ausdampfen von Si epitaktisch gewachsen werden. Ein detailliertes Verständnis der atomaren und elektronischen Struktur der Grenzschicht zwischen Graphen und SiC ist ein wichtiger Schritt um die Wachstumsqualität zu verbessern. Wir nutzen Dichtefunktionaltheorie um das Hybridsystem Graphen-SiC auf atomarer Ebene zu beschreiben. Experimentelle Arbeiten auf der Si Seite von SiC haben gezeigt, dass die Grenzschicht (ZLG) durch eine teilweise kovalent gebundene Kohlenstofflage wächst; darüber bildet sich die erste Graphenlage (MLG). Durch das Konstruieren eines ab initio Oberflächenphasendiagrams zeigen wir, dass sowohl ZLG als auch MLG Gleichgewichtsphasen sind. Unsere Ergebnisse implizieren, dass Temperatur- und Druckbedingungen für den selbstbegrenzenden Graphenwachstum existieren. Wir zeigen, dass sich das Doping und die Riffellung von epitaktischem Graphene durch H-Interkalation reduzieren. Im Experiment unterscheidet sich das Graphenwachstum auf der C Seite qualitativ von der Si Seite. Zu Beginn des Graphenwachstums wird eine Mischung verschiedener Oberflächenphasen beobachtet. Wir diskutieren die Stabilität dieser konkurierenden Phasen. Die atomaren Strukturen von einigen dieser Phasen, inklusive der Graphen-SiC Grenzschicht, sind nicht bekannt wodurch die theoretische Beschreibung erschwert wird. Wir präsentieren ein neues Model für die bisher unbekannte (3x3) Rekonstruktion, das Si Twist Model. Die Oberflächenenergie vom Si Twist Model und von der bekannten (2x2)c Phase schneiden sich direkt an der Grenze zur Graphitbildung. Dies erklärt die experimentell beobachtete Phasenkoexistenz zu Beginn des Graphenwachstums. Wir schlussfolgern, dass auf der C Seite der kontrollierte Graphenewachstum durch Si-reiche Oberflächenphasen blockiert wird.Graphene with its unique properties spurred the design of nanoscale electronic devices. Graphene films grown by Si sublimation on SiC surfaces are promising material combinations for graphene applications. Understanding the atomic and electronic structure of the SiC-graphene interface, is an important step to refine the growth quality. In this work, density-functional theory is used to simulate the SiC-graphene interface on an atomistic level without empirical parameters. Experimental work has shown that on the Si face of SiC, a partially covalently bonded carbon layer, the zero-layer graphene (ZLG), grows. On top of the ZLG layer forms mono-layer graphene (MLG) as large ordered areas and then few-layer graphene. By constructing an ab initio surface phase diagram, we show that ZLG and MLG are at least near equilibrium phases. Our results imply the existence of temperature and pressure conditions for self-limiting growth of MLG key to the large-scale graphene production. H intercalation significantly reduces both the corrugation and the graphene doping. Our calculations demonstrate that unsaturated Si atoms in the ZLG influence the electronic structure of graphene. The situation on the C face of SiC is very different. The experimental growth of large areas of graphene with well defined layer thickness is difficult. At the onset of graphene formation a phase mixture of different surface phases is observed. We will address the stability of the different occuring surface phases. However, the atomic structure of some of the competing surface phases, as well as of the SiC-graphene interface, is unknown. We present a new model for the (3x3) reconstruction, the Si twist model. The surface energies of this Si twist model, the known (2x2)c adatom phase, and a graphene covered (2x2)c phase cross at the chemical potential limit of graphite, which explains the observed phase mixture. We argue that well-controlled graphene formation is hindered by Si-rich surface phases.
18
McCorkle, Douglas Stinson. "Establishing an advanced engineering framework for engineering decision making". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3383366.
Testo completo
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Savage, Guy. "Holacratic Engineering Management| A Lean Enterprise System Engineering Innovation". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785338.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on a belief that innovation is increased by Holacratic Engineering Management practices distributing authority to engaged, autonomous, decision makers versus traditional corporate, hierarchical, and delegated decision making, this research examines the relationship between holacratic engineering management and company innovative performance. This proposed new, chaordic, systems engineering and engineering management process, inherently disruptive and arising out of the agile software and lean systems engineering disciplines, is explored using systems thinking and model-based systems engineering principles. This research effort examining Holacratic Engineering Management, an adoptive innovation of lean and agile engineering concepts as a convergence of Holacracy and Lean Enterprise System Engineering includes case studies measuring the effects of Holacratic Engineering Management and Lean Enterprise Systems Engineering on performance. Using soft systems methodology, multiple linear regression is performed on 18 companies that design, develop, and deliver prepackaged software. The theoretical model consists of five component values comprising the holacracy measurements. Companies embracing Holacratic Engineering Management have significantly improved innovation performance.
20
Meridji, Kenza. "Analysis of software engineering principles from an engineering perspective". Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/278/1/MERIDJI_Kenza.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L'ingenierie du logiciel a recemment emerge comme un nouveau domaine d'ingenierie et
continue d'evoluer. Le genie logiciel est une discipline dont I'objectif est la production de
logiciels de haute qualite, mais il manque de maturite par rapport aux autres domaines de
l'ingenierie traditionnelle. Les domaines traditionnels de l'ingenierie ont leurs propres
principes bases sur la physique, la chimie ou les mathematiques. Puisque le domaine du genie
logiciel n'est pas fonde sur les lois de la nature, il est plus difficile de comprendre I'ensemble
de ses principes.
Cette recherche sur I'ensemble des principes fondamentaux candidats contribuera a une
meilleure comprehension et, eventuellement, a I'enseignement des principes du genie
logiciel. En outre, elle aidera a ameliorer le contenu du Guide SWEBOK du point de vue du
genie.
Ce travail de recherche a permis d'etudier la question du genie logiciel comme une discipline
du genie en utilisant les categories de connaissances en genie de Vincenti, d'identifier des
principes fondamentaux a partir d'un ensemble de candidats, et enfin d'examiner I'absence de
description explicite et systematique de ces principes, et leur application, dans le Guide
SWEBOK.
Les deux principaux objectifs de cette etude sont 1'identification des principes fondamentaux
de l'ingenierie du genie logiciel a partir des 34 principes candidats et la description des
directives operationnelles pour ces principes en utilisant comme base le contenu du Guide
SWEBOK.
Pour atteindre ces objectifs, la methodologie suivante de recherches a ete utilisee. Les
principales phases de cette methodologie de recherche sont: I'analyse, d'un point de vue
d'ingenierie, de la question du genie logiciel et de I'ensemble des 34 principes fondamentaux
candidats, I'identification des principes de genie logiciel dans le contenu du Guide SWEBOK
- ISO TR 19759, la description des lignes directrices operationnelles sur la base du contenu du
Guide SWEBOK et aligne avec la norme IEEE 1362-1998 Concept of Operations (CONOPS)
Document.
Le resultat de cette these est I'identification d'un ensemble de neuf principes fondamentaux
du genie logiciel et la description de directives operationnelles pour ces principes.
21
Torres, Ayala Ana Teresa. "Future Engineering Professors' Conceptions of Learning and Teaching Engineering". Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4412.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Conceptions of learning and teaching shape teaching practices and are, therefore, important to understanding how engineering professors learn to teach. There is abundant research about professors' conceptions of teaching; however, research on the conceptions of teaching of doctoral students, the future professors, is scarce. Furthermore, there is a need to understand not just future engineering professors' conceptions of teaching but also their conceptions of learning. The purpose of this study was to explore qualitative variations in future engineering professors' conceptions of learning and teaching as well as understanding how they came to these conceptions.
The research questions that guided this qualitative study are the following: 1) How do future engineering professors describe their conceptions of learning engineering?, 2) How do future engineering professors describe the basis of their conceptions of learning engineering?, 3) How do future engineering professors describe their conceptions of teaching engineering?, and 4) How do future engineering professors describe the basis of their conceptions of teaching engineering?
Twenty doctoral engineering students interested in academic careers were interviewed. A phenomenographic approach was used to explore variations in conceptions of learning and teaching. The basis of conceptions of learning and teaching were explored using thematic analysis.
Six variations in future engineering professors' conceptions of learning engineering emerged and included learning engineering as 1) acquiring knowledge, 2) gaining an understanding, 3) practicing problem solving, 4) applying knowledge, 5) developing an approach, and 6) maturing. Each conception of learning was described by seven dimensions or features: focus, nature of knowledge, view of engineering, strategies, assessments, interactions, and relational. Participants described the basis for their conceptions of learning engineering through four general themes: undergraduate student experience, research, graduate school experience, and prior teaching experiences.
Five categories of conceptions of teaching engineering emerged and included teaching engineering as 1) delivering knowledge, 2) helping understand and apply concepts, 3) motivating students, 4) helping students learn how to approach problems, and 5) preparing students to make socially conscious decisions. In describing conceptions of teaching, five dimensions were identified: focus, strategies, use of students' prior knowledge, faculty-student interaction, conception of learning, and projects. Observing professors, student experience, talking about teaching, and teaching experience were described by participants as the basis for their conceptions of teaching engineering.
The findings of this study are consistent with previous categorizations of university professors' conceptions of teaching from teacher-centered/content-oriented to student-centered/learning-oriented. However, this study contributes to the literature of engineering education and faculty development by contextualizing the conceptions of learning and teaching of future engineering professors. Furthermore, this study provides richer descriptions of variations in other aspects of teaching and learning engineering such as future professors' views on student interactions, student development, assessment, motivation, problem solving, assumptions about knowledge, teaching and learning strategies.
In addition, this study contributes to our understanding of how professors learn about teaching. In particular, the exploration of the basis for the conceptions of learning and teaching opens new avenues to explore how conceptions of teaching and learning evolve over time. This study closes with implications for faculty development and suggestions for further research.
22
Eastman, Michael G. "The Journey from Engineering Educator to Engineering Education Researcher". Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10279363.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Despite favorable job-growth predictions for many engineering occupations(NSB, 2010), researchers and government agencies have described a crisis in education in the United States. Several simultaneous events have conspired to sound this alarm. First, when compared to other countries, the United States is losing ground in educational rankings, and research and development output and expenditures (NSB, 2014). Second, within the disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) the ranks of engineering education have been identified as one of the most unwelcoming, inequitable, and homogeneous (Johri & Olds, 2014). Third, engineering educators at the university level has historically been select individuals from the dominant culture considered to be content experts in their fields, but having little or no background in educational theory (Froyd & Lohmann, 2014). Researchers and government agencies have recently claimed the changing demographics and need for more engineers in the United States signal a need for revolutionary changes in the way engineers are prepared and the need for a more welcoming and collaborative environment in engineering education (Jamieson & Lohmann, 2012; NSF, 2014). Understanding how to improve the culture of engineering education is an important and necessary ingredient for addressing national concerns with engineering and innovation.
My study seeks to explore the manifestation of the culture of engineering education in the experiences of five long-time engineering professors, who enrolled as part of a STEM PhD cohort, in a School of Education at a large research university in the northeastern United States. The overarching problem I will address is the persistent culture of engineering education that, despite decades of rhetoric about reform aimed at increasing the number of those historically underrepresented in engineering, continues to promote a hegemonic culture and has failed to take the necessary systemic steps to become more welcoming and more effective for all learners. This research involves the story, and the history, of an engineering education culture quick to identify the haves and the have-nots and dismissive of those individuals “not cut out” to become engineers.
My study is driven by the following research questions: (1) What are engineering educators’ perceptions of teaching and learning? (2) In what ways, if any, have participant experiences with constructivism and social constructivism influenced espoused beliefs, perceptions, and enactments of teaching? (3) What may be potential strategies for shifting the culture of veteran engineering educators toward reflective teaching practices and equitable access to engineering education?
23
Bowron, John. "Re-engineering the project procurement process through concurrent engineering". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6811.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The construction industry in the United Kingdom is a multi-billion pound business that contributes, on average 10% of the UK Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, it is seen by many to be underachieving in terms of service delivery and investment opportunities. Projects are frequently late and over budget much to the disappointment of those involved in the industry and especially clients. Many investigations have been commissioned and resulting reports have suggested improvements in the way the industry is organised. Procurement of construction projects in the main are undertaken using methods that support fragmentation and adversarial relationships. However, with the introduction of partnering and prime contracting some improvements have been made. Procurement of a construction project begins with the strategies developed during briefing and is only complete when the facility is handed over to the client, some contract strategies allow for the facility to be completed once it is in operation, has been maintained and eventually is demolished. Costings and programmes are then related to life-cycle issues and aspects such as maintenance have to be taken into account during the facility development stages. The adoption of Concurrent Engineering (CE) is seen to offer the construction industry a way forward. Having been adopted extensively by manufacturing in its product development stages a similar adoption by the construction industry would go some way to achieving the 30% improvement in real terms suggested by Latham [1994] and Egan [1998]. The research described in the thesis aims to develop a new procurement method for the delivery of construction projects. The approach adopted was to identify current methods of procurement and the problems associated with each method. Then using Concurrent Engineering as a basis, a new procurement model was developed that offered potential improvements in the construction process between the stages of Clients Briefing and Detailed Design. The resulting model was evaluated through the application of CE principles into the process and by the presentation and discussion of the method with a number of industry participants, followed by the completion and assessment of a questionnaire. The model was shown to fulfil the principles of CE and could be adopted into construction. It offers a new approach to procurement which in turn would save costs and time and potentially improve the quality of the final construction product.
24
Go, Shanette A. "Re-engineering engineering : how Course 2-A is paving the way for interdisciplinary engineering education at MIT". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59911.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 38).
In 2004, The National Academy of Engineers (NAE) released a report calling for changes to be made to the current engineering education system in response to the growing need for engineering graduates who would be able to understand engineering problems in a larger context. The present study hopes to gain a better understanding of the growth of flexible engineering education by determining differences in student characteristics and their effect on a student's choice of academic program, identifying the perceptions of the MIT community of flexible and traditional engineering programs and how these perceptions changed over time, and establishing whether or not a correlation exists between students' perceived self-efficacy in engineering and professional abilities and his or her career plans. An online survey was developed and administered to the Course 2 and Course 2-A student body. Significant differences in motivation, opinion of Course 2 and Course 2-A, as well as perceived self-efficacy were found between Course 2 and Course 2-A students.
by Shanette A. Go.
S.B.
25
Schütte, Simon. "Engineering Emotional Values in Product Design : Kansei Engineering in Development". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-497.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Feelings and impressions of a product are important for the decision of purchasing it or not. Designing attractive products therefore requires knowledge about the feelings and impressions the products evoke on the customer and the user. Integrating such affective values in product design requires the introduction of suitable methods into companies’ product design processes, methods which can capture and convert subjective and even unconscious feelings about a product into concrete design parameters. This is sometimes referred to as ‘Affective Engineering’. One methodology in this context is Kansei Engineering, which has been developed in Japan in order to design feelings into products. The aim of this thesis was twofold: Firstly, to improve understanding of the nature of products making emotional impact on the users and customers. Secondly, to identify and improve methods capable of grasping those affective values and translating them into concrete product design solutions. This thesis presents three empirical studies and two methodological papers, relating to warehouse trucks and laminate flooring. The first study was made on user impact of warehouse trucks in three different European countries. A second study dealt with affective values of rocker-switches in work vehicles, such as warehouse trucks. A third study on this truck type compared the old manoeuvring panel evaluated in the previous studies with a newly introduced manoeuvring panel in order to validate the impact of the design improvements made after the first study. Further, a conceptual model on Kansei Engineering methodology was proposed in a methods paper based on the experience from the studies performed in order to provide a structure for performing Kansei Engineering studies. The fifth paper had the purpose of validating and improving the proposed model using laminate flooring as research object. More structured ways of identifying design parameters and relevant product properties was given high priority in the improvement work of the methodology. A model for spanning the Space of Product Properties was presented and applied. This thesis also deals with other improvement areas in the methodology and proposed new developments, including the use of scales, experimental design and validation methods. In conclusion, Kansei Engineering is a concept and a methodology in strong development, a framework in which tools and methods are continuously developed, added and integrated.
26
Schütte, Simon. "Engineering emotional values in product design : Kansei engineering in development /". Linköping : Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Univ, 2005. http://www.ikp.liu.se/kansei.
Testo completo
27
Orr, Harrison. "Student Retention in Community College Engineering and Engineering Technology Programs". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3657.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An ex-pos-facto non-experimental quantitative study was conducted to examine the academic, financial, and student background factors that influence first-to-second year retention of engineering and engineering technology students at U.S. community colleges. Analysis of the five research questions was done using a chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions. Data were obtained from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Beginning Postsecondary Students 2012/2014 (BPS: 12/14) study. Computations were performed using PowerStats, a web-based statistical tool provided by the NCES, as well as IBM SPSS 25.
The sample population consisted of students who entered postsecondary education for the first time in the 2011-2012 academic year and enrolled in an engineering or engineering technology program at a community college. Predictor variables were identified from the dataset and grouped into the categories of academic, financial, and student background variables. These groupings were used as individual models to predict first-to-second year retention of community college engineering and engineering technology students using logistic regressions. Finally, individual variables that displayed statistical significance were then combined and were used as a model to predict student retention with a logistic regression.
Results indicate that community college engineering and engineering technology students are not retained at a significantly different rate than non-engineering and engineering technology majors. In addition, the groupings of academic and student background variables did not have a significant impact on the retention of community college engineering and engineering technology students, while the grouping of financial variables did have a significant impact on retention. The variables attendance pattern (academic), TRIO program eligibility criteria and total aid amount (financial), and dependency status (student background) were all statistically significant to their respective predictor models. Finally, the combination of these statistically significant academic, financial, and student background variables were significant predictors of retention.
28
Trammell, Melanie Kaye. "Complexity of Engineering Identity: A Study of Freshmen Engineering Students". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91464.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The General Engineering Program exists at Virginia Tech to provide curriculums that
engage, challenge and support entry-level engineers. One important part of this initiative
is helping students identify with a specific engineering branch, and overtime develop an
identity within it. Yet, there exists little research on what entry-level engineers believe it
means to be an engineer, especially during these stages of early formation and continual
shifting. In order to generate insight on this topic we developed a contextual inquiry
method to help inquire into engineering identity. Two participants were placed in an
online chatroom and allowed to talk for ten minutes, with one trying to answer the
question 'Am I talking to an engineer or not?' and asked to give their reasoning.
Comparisons allow entry-level engineering students to articulate their beliefs on what
characteristics, behaviors and personalities make up their cohort -- thus exposing their
ideas about identity. Moreover, this methodology also provides opportunities for
participants to critique their own bias and further develop and expose their opinions on
identity. Additionally, our findings showcase the complexity around student's
perceptions of engineers. For example, participants' responses pointed to: many sources
that inform identity, the difficulty of identifying what is uniquely engineering, how
identity is impacted by the ideal image of an engineer, that identity is a spectrum, and that
identity varies with respect to associations and time. As a result, through our inquiry and
representation of results we demonstrate the validity of our methodology as a HCI
research tool along with the power of narrative forms of representation.Master of Science
The General Engineering Program exists at Virginia Tech to provide curriculums that engage, challenge and support entry-level engineers. One important part of this initiative is helping students identify with a specific type of engineering, and overtime develop an identity within it. Yet, there exists little research on what entry-level engineers believe it means to be an engineer, especially during their freshmen year of college when they are still forming and changing their ideas about engineering identity. In order to generate insight on this topic we developed a methodology to help inquire into engineering identity. Two participants at a time were placed in an online chatroom and allowed to talk for ten minutes, with one trying to answer the question ‘Am I talking to an engineer or not?’ and asked to give their reasoning. Comparisons allow entry-level engineering students to articulate their beliefs on what characteristics, behaviors and personalities make up their cohort -- thus exposing their ideas about identity. Moreover, this methodology also provides opportunities for participants to critique their own assumptions about engineering identity and further develop and expose their opinions on identity. Additionally, our findings showcase the complexity around student’s perceptions of engineers. For example, participants’ responses pointed to: many sources that inform identity, the difficulty of identifying what is uniquely engineering, how identity is impacted by the ideal image of an engineer, that identity is a spectrum, and that identity varies with respect to associations and time. As a result, through our inquiry and representation of results we demonstrate the validity of our methodology as a Human Computer Interaction research tool along with the power of using written stories to represent results.
29
Bärring, Philip. "The Engineering Person : Arendt and an Anthropology of Engineering Ethics". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432432.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this thesis Hannah Arendt’s theories of science and technology are applied in an ethnographic study of engineering ethics. Seeking to gain further understanding of Arendt’s thoughts, her concepts of The Archimedean Point and Earth Alienation is applied in interviews with engineering students in Sweden’s Uppsala University. The purpose directing this study is thus twofold, it is an attempt to anthropologize Arendt’s thoughts of science and technology, and to further understand engineering’s ethical engagement. The study identifies a dynamic where engineering students create dichotomous mentalities. One mentality is engineering’s demand of a desubjectified instrumental rationality in inherent contradiction to an ethical consciousness, this mentality can be identified as Arendt’s Archimedean Point. In conflict to this mentality lies the intersubjectivity of a socio-politically engaged student concerned with engineering’s ability to create evil. This study makes the claim that Uppsala University’s student traditions and culture encourage the second mentality and forms an important resource for ethical engagement among students.
30
Reys-Nickel, Lynsey. "Predictors of Associate's Degree Completion in Engineering and Engineering Technologies". Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6574.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this ex post facto study was to describe completers and non-completers of associate’s degree programs in engineering and engineering technologies and determine whether and to what extent completion in these programs is a function of selected student-related variables and institutional variables. Data from the 2004/2009 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS: 04/09) of associate’s degree completers and non-completers in engineering and engineering technologies were accessed and analyzed through PowerStats, a web-based data analysis tool from National Center for Education Statistics (NCES).
Descriptive data indicated that, proportionally, engineering and engineering technologies completers were mostly White, married, middle income, employed part-time, enrolled full-time, did not hold a high school diploma or certificate, completed Trigonometry/Algebra II, had a father who’s highest education level was an associate’s degree, but did not know their mother’s highest level of education, completed remedial coursework, and started college with the goal of earning an associate’s degree. While more males enrolled in the programs, males and females demonstrated similar completion rates, proportionally- with females showing a slightly higher percentage of completion. Results from the logistic regression further indicated that the variables significant to completion in associate’s degree programs in engineering and engineering technologies were gender and enrollment size. Findings suggested that female students were more likely to earn the degree, and that the larger the institution, the more likely the student would become a completer. However, since a major limitation of the study was the small weighted sample size, the results of the study are inconclusive in terms of the extent to which the findings can be generalized to the population of students in associate’s degree programs in engineering and engineering technologies. This study fills a gap in the literature of what is known about engineering and engineering technician students. It also contributes to the body of research on an understudied STEM educational and professional pathway, the associate’s degree in engineering and engineering technologies.
31
Le, Gal Thierry. "Re-engineering software for integration using computer aided software engineering". Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063016/.
Testo completo
32
Liu, Angelica Kuei-Jen. "Reverse engineering Odontomachus". Connect to resource, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/45371.
Testo completo
33
Scheffczyk, Jan. "Consistent document engineering". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973133457.
Testo completo
34
Icli, Ozkut Merve. "Color Engineering Of". Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613482/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Design of a monomer is a viable route for adjusting the properties of its corresponding polymer. The main goal of this study is to design and synthesize novel soluble polymers having various colors of color palette and amenable for use in electrochromic device applications. In designing the monomers, the factors affecting the properties of the polymers are also considered. For this purpose, each part of the monomers is chosen properly for each desirable properties and the effect of them is investigated separetely. Thus, this study is based on the investigation of the effect of three major parts on the polymer properties: Donor groups, acceptor groups and the length of alkyl chain. For this aim, nine D-A-D type monomers, TSeT, ESeE, PSeP-C10, PSP-C10, PNP-C10, POP-C10, PSeP-C4, PSP-C4 and PSP-C6, and their corresponding polymers, P(TSeT), P(ESeE), P(PSeP-C10), P(PSP-C10), P(PNP-C10), P(POP-C10), P(PSeP-C4), P(PSP-C4) and P(PSP-C6), based on thiophene, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), and 3,3-dialkyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b]-[1,4]dioxepine (ProDOT-Cn) as D units and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 2-decyl-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole, and 2,1,3-benzooxadiazole as A units were synthesized. The obtained polymers have somewhat low band gap between 1.13 eV and 1.80 eV, they show electrochromic behaviors. Among them P(POP-C10), P(PSP-C10) and P(PSP-C6) have cyan color which is one leg of CMY (Cyan-Magenta-Yellow) color spaces. Since there have been scant studies on cyan colored polymers in the literature, these polymers are so precious. Via copolymerization of PNP-C10 and PSeP-C10, the first electrochemically synthesized neutral state black polymer was obtained.
35
Dawson, Jennifer Elizabeth. "Cardiac Tissue Engineering". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20071.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The limited treatment options available for heart disease patients has lead to increased interest in the development of embryonic stem cell (ESC) therapies to replace heart muscle. The challenges of developing usable ESC therapeutic strategies are associated with the limited ability to obtain a pure, defined population of differentiated cardiomyocytes, and the design of in vivo cell delivery platforms to minimize cardiomyocyte loss. These challenges were addressed in Chapter 2 by designing a cardiomyocyte selectable progenitor cell line that permitted evaluation of a collagen-based scaffold for its ability to sustain stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte function (“A P19 Cardiac Cell Line as a Model for Evaluating Cardiac Tissue Engineering Biomaterials”). P19 cells enriched for cardiomyocytes were viable on a transglutaminase cross-linked collagen scaffold, and maintained their cardiomyocyte contractile phenotype in vitro while growing on the scaffold. The potential for a novel cell-surface marker to purify cardiomyocytes within ESC cultures was evaluated in Chapter 3, “Dihydropyridine Receptor (DHP-R) Surface Marker Enrichment of ES-derived Cardiomyocytes”. DHP-R is demonstrated to be upregulated at the protein and RNA transcript level during cardiomyogenesis. DHP-R positive mouse ES cells were fluorescent activated cell sorted, and the DHP-R positive cultured cells were enriched for cardiomyocytes compared to the DHP-R negative population. Finally, in Chapter 4, mouse ESCs were characterized while growing on a clinically approved collagen I/III-based scaffold modified with the RGD integrin-binding motif, (“Collagen (+RGD and –RGD) scaffolds support cardiomyogenesis after aggregation of mouse embryonic stem cells”). The collagen I/III RGD+ and RGD- scaffolds sustained ESC-derived cardiomyocyte growth and function. Notably, no significant differences in cell survival, cardiac phenotype, and cardiomyocyte function were detected with the addition of the RGD domain to the collagen scaffold. Thus, in summary, these three studies have resulted in the identification of a potential cell surface marker for ESC-derived cardiomyocyte purification, and prove that collagen-based scaffolds can sustain ES-cardiomyocyte growth and function. This has set the framework for further studies that will move the field closer to obtaining a safe and effective delivery strategy for transplanting ESCs onto human hearts.
36
Brand, Carlton Michael. "Vehicle bodyclosures engineering". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415848.
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37
Grimheden, Martin. "Mechatronics Engineering Education". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-569.
Testo completo
38
LeBlanc, Andrew Roland. "Engineering design decomposition". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16044.
Testo completo
39
Mortier, Richard Michael. "Internet traffic engineering". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620378.
Testo completo
40
Wadhawan, Jay D. "Electrochemical sensor engineering". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483494.
Testo completo
41
Teichmann, Gunter, Eva-Maria Schwartz e Frank-Michael Dittes. "Collective Business Engineering". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-143416.
Testo completo
42
Devkota, Olga. "Quandry translation engineering". Diss., Wichita State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/10934.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation provides a complex adaptive system approach to propose effective problem definitions for problems that are hard to formulate, include conflicting opinions of stakeholders, and have hard to differentiate symptoms from the causes, that is, wicked problems. The traditional problem solving methods do not fully address the issues of the ambiguity and uncertainty associated with a wicked problem. The lack of clarity exposes wicked problems to perceptual biases resulting multiple mental models. These inherent characteristics of wicked problems require methods that are solely focused on identifying, defining, and evaluating discrepancies in perceptions.
This dissertation proposes a framework, Quandary Translation Engineering, to address the unique challenges of defining a wicked problem. The framework, inspired from complex adaptive systems, utilizes the engineering method approach. The framework defines problem space as a way to capture the complexity of the wicked problem and creates an incremental and evolutionary model of the wicked problem. Next, the framework generates multiple possible problem definitions from the problem space. Finally, the framework provides measures for evaluating and selecting potential problem definitions from the pool of possible problem definitions. The framework is shown to be effective in defining, evaluating, and selecting problem definitions for wicked problems without relying on the completeness of data and any information about solutions. It was found that framework facilitates managers, decision makers, and analysts in modeling incomplete, vague, and conflicting information regarding a wicked problem. The proposed framework is applied to a Kansas strategic planning exercise for businesses in Kansas.Thesis (Ph.D.)-- Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
43
Mohammad, Hossein Shafiee Deh Abad. "Engineering & ethics". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288216.
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Hackel, Benjamin Joseph. "Fibronectin domain engineering". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57701.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2009.Vita. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Molecular recognition reagents are a critical component of targeted therapeutics, in vivo and in vitro diagnostics, and biotechnology applications such as purification, detection, and crystallization. Antibodies have served as the gold standard binding molecule because of their high affinity and specificity and, historically, because of their ability to be generated by immunization. However, antibodies suffer from several shortcomings that hinder their production and reduce their efficacy in a breadth of applications. The tenth type III domain of human fibronectin provides a small, stable, single-domain, cysteine-free protein scaffold upon which molecular recognition capability can be engineered. In the current work, we provide substantial improvements in each phase of protein engineering through directed evolution and develop a complete platform for engineering high affinity binders based on the fibronectin domain. Synthetic combinatorial library design is substantially enhanced through extension of diversity to include three peptide loops with inclusion of loop length diversity. The efficiency of sequence space search is improved by library focusing with tailored diversity for structural bias and binding capacity. Evolution of lead clones was substantially improved through development of recursive dual mutagenesis in which each fibronectin gene is subtly mutated or the binding loops are aggressively mutated and shuffled. This engineering platform enables robust generation of high affinity binders to a multitude of targets. Moreover, the development of this technology is directly applicable to other protein engineering campaigns and advances the scientific understanding of molecular recognition. Binders were engineered to tumor targets carcinoembryonic antigen, CD276, and epidermal growth factor receptor as well as biotechnology targets human serum albumin and goat, mouse, and rabbit immunoglobulin G. Binders have demonstrated utility in affinity purification, laboratory detection, and cellular labeling and delivery. Of particular interest, a panel of domains was engineered that bind multiple epitopes of epidermal growth factor receptor. Select non-competitive heterobivalent combinations of binders effectively downregulate receptor in a non-agonistic manner in multiple cell types. These agents inhibit proliferation and migration and provide a novel potential cancer therapy.
by Benjamin Joseph Hackel.
Ph.D.
45
Bush, Sarah 1973. "Integrating engineering education". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47457.
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Michel, Erik. "Systems Engineering Final". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/326.
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47
Watson, Peter. "Engineering smart skis". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11946.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A concept is established for adaptive vibration control of shaped alpine skis using smart materials – specifically magnetorheological (MR) fluid. This work presents the motivation behind the concept and the work to verify its viability, technically and commercially. Research is reviewed, relevant to understanding ski dynamics. Literature on smart materials is similarly researched and presented to establish understanding of the use of the technology for dynamic control. The influence of geometry, materials and construction on ski dynamics is presented. Conventional vibration control techniques and their influence on the dynamic control of modern alpine skis are explained. A review of the boundary conditions used in modelling ski dynamics is presented and the influence of skier position and environmental conditions are discussed. Application of smart technology in skis are presented with reference to a shape memory alloy concept and commercially available piezo-systems. Procedures for quantifying the physical characteristics of a ski are discussed and a custom-built laboratory rig is used to test skis under controlled, repeatable conditions. Results from static and dynamic laboratory tests on skis are used to perform system analysis, with reference to technical literature. Analysis of the signal generated by the moving ski during skiing (i.e. signal analysis) is carried out on results from field-tests of instrumental skis. The technical objectives and perceived benefits of adaptive vibration control of skies with MR fluid are examined and technical and commercial system constraints are identified. Results are presented from laboratory tests investigating fore-body vibration control on a concept demonstrator, comprising a MR fluid damper integrated on a simplified ski-like structure. Subsequent analysis is carried out to review the technical and commercial viability of the concept.
48
Lester, Karen Leah. "Reverse engineering glaucoma". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3022786/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, and the only modifiable risk factor is intraocular pressure (IOP). Glaucoma is a complex disease with specific endophenotypes, and disease pathogenesis is likely to involve multiple pathways linking genetic and environmental interactions. Growth factors present in the aqueous humour in POAG increase outflow resistance and elevate IOP. TGF-β2 alters ECM production and turnover in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and has been shown in numerous studies to play a role in the pathogenesis of POAG. No current pharmacological interventions target the deleterious effects of TGF-β2 of the TM which produced elevated IOP. In addition to TGF-β another well characterised glaucoma stimulus is corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are used in ophthalmology to decrease inflammation and preserve ocular function. However side effects including cataract, enhanced infection, and glaucoma are associated with their use. Small, naturally occurring regulatory genes, micro RNAs (miRNAs), target many genes downstream of TGF-β2 and are expressed in response to corticosteroids. The current work set out to identify key differentially expressed genes by RNA-Seq in the human trabecular meshwork (TM) in response to two glaucoma stimuli; TGF-β2 and dexamethasone; and investigate the ability of miRNAs to manipulate gene expression within the TM to reduce pathological insults central to glaucoma. Investigating the influence of TGF-β2 on gene expression in primary human TM cells demonstrated that the majority of the significantly differentially expressed genes were involved in extracellular matrix remodelling and actin cytoskeletal re-organisation likely via the RhoA signalling pathway. The influence of dexamethasone on gene expression in primary human TM cells identified genes involved in extracellular matrix remodelling and genes required for glucocorticoid receptor nuclear translocation. Differentially expressed miRNAs in healthy and glaucomatous human TM cells were identified by a miRNA microarray. Manipulation of validated mRNA targets by identified miRNAs indicated a complex regulatory network and in vitro functional analyses further identified regulation of actin cytoskeleton remodelling via miRNA inhibition. The findings of this study indicate that TGF-β2 and dexamethasone have significant effects on extracellular matrix remodelling and actin cytoskeletal re-organisation in human TM cells. The RNA-Seq and miRNA array have identified potential novel therapeutic targets for glaucoma.
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Somasundaram, Murali. "Intestinal tissue engineering". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:54e0f17f-fe04-4012-b0d3-04f436e9af9a.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tissue engineering (TE) principles have been successfully clinically applied to treat disease affecting specific organs (e.g. trachea) but developments in some organs has lagged behind. The inability to repair or replace significantly damaged intestinal tissue remains a barrier to improving patient outcomes and the promise of Tissue Engineered Intestine (TEI) that was first made more than 20 years ago, is yet to be realised. This work explored the potential of TEI and literature review formed a basis for developing a clinically transferrable experimental model. It was hypothesised that, porcine large intestine could be retrieved from pigs and decellularized to create a biological scaffold that demonstrated favourable properties for TE, including potential for vascular perfusion and cell engraftment. Novel experiments were performed in intestinal retrieval and decellularization, resulting in scaffolds characterised by a number of methods (e.g. histology, immunohistochemistry). Assessment of the scaffold's ability to support cell engraftment required development of protocols for isolation and culture of appropriate progenitors, including adipose/bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells and intestinal organoid units. Finally, in-vitro cultures combining scaffolds and cells were used to assess the ability of scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration. Perfusion decellularization methods proved effective in creating biological scaffolds that retained radiologically demonstrated vascular perfusion networks, permitting a future route for recellularization and/or transplantation. Scaffolds demonstrated retention of essential extracellular matrix components (e.g. glycosaminoglycans, collagen) and an absence of cell nuclei. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated, cultured and combined in-vitro with scaffolds in an attempted scaled-down seeding model. Control of culture conditions was challenging and results inconclusive with respect to the scaffold's regenerative potential. The work demonstrates an exciting prospect for biological scaffold development for a clinically transferrable, semi-xenogeneic transplant or drug delivery model but further experiments in scaffold seeding are required to assess the full potential.
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Teichmann, Gunter, Eva-Maria Schwartz e Frank-Michael Dittes. "Collective Business Engineering". Technische Universität Dresden, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28064.
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