Tesi sul tema "Empire histoire politique"
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Augé, Isabelle. "Politique religieuse et reconquête en Orient sous les Comnènes (1081-1185)". Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30044.
Testo completoSendesni, Wajda. "Les jeunes Turcs en Egypte 1895-1908 : histoire politique et intellectuelle". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0133.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is to make known the Young Turks of Egypt who remained the big forgotten of the opposition movement to the regime of Abdülhamid which had been born in 1889 and the aim of which was to restore the Ottoman constitution of 1876. Without being more important than the others, the Egyptian branch of this movement had played a role in the ideological preparation of the revolution of 1908, and Cairo had been an important center for Young Turks' activities and publications. Egypt in which the Young Turks find refuge in the 1890s and the first decade of the XXth century facilitates, by its particular political context, the development of their activities. Egypt under occupation in which the British consul, the khedive and the sultan fight over the power offers to the opponents of Abdülhamid a quasi-total freedom of expression and action. The fact of being implanted in a country still considered as an ottoman province gives a strategic importance to the Egyptian branch. The nearness with the Empire makes the activities of the Young Turks in Cairo more disturbing for Abdülhamid than those that take place in Europe. In Egypt, the Young Turks are not the only ones to criticize the despotic regime of Abdülhamid, there are the Arabic liberals who share their ideas and pursue the same objective as them. Through this study, we can discover who the Young Turks in Egypt were, how they were organized, what their activities were, but also what they wrote and thought about questions like ottomanism, panislamism, caliphate, nationalism and materialism. Because the Young Turks are at the origin of what is caIled the revolution of 1908 in the Ottoman Empire, it is important to see which conception they had of the revolution generally and which ideological evolution of their movement had brought them of the peaceful opposition to the regime of Abdülhamid to the armed action as a way to restore the constitution
Nam, Mehmet. "La crise de la fin de l'empire Ottoman : Le combat politique et religieux de Mustafa Sabri". Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0011.
Testo completoThe broad object of this study is to examine the end of the Ottoman Era. It pays close attention to the Islamists' proposals to pull the State out of the prevailing political crisis and it also follows the fierce political debates that emerged during the different steps leading to the foundation of the Republic of Turkey. This study brings to light the conflict between modernization and conservatism. In order to have a better understanding ot the views expressed by, on the one hand, the conservative islamists defending tradition and the calliphate, and on the otherhand, the modernists whose goal was the foundation of the Republic, this study was conducted with a Sabrian perspective-Mustafa Sabri being first a leader of an opposition party and then a Cheih ul islam. The paralell drawn between today's debates and those occuring then (the calliphate, the separation between religion and State (laïcité), nationalism, women's place in society, the prayer in national language) seems to allow for the élaboration of solutions concerning these issues, since they still exist today
Cheynet, Jean-Claude. "Milieux et foyers de perturbation dans l'empire byzantin de 963 à 1204". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010517.
Testo completoZubani, Alessia. "Les machines du pouvoir : technique et politique entre l’Iran sassanide et le califat abbasside". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP055.
Testo completoIn the Antique world, research on technology and applied sciences allowed for the construction of the very first ingenious devices, i.e. apparatuses which, through external stimulation and hidden mechanisms, can perform a series of actions and movements. Political and religious organisms quickly came to appreciate the communicative power of such devices, thus actively sponsoring their production. The Sasanian Empire (224-650) is no exception. In fact, at least since the late period, Iranian rulers devoted remarkable attention to the conception and material deployment of ingenious devices. Similar efforts seem to have been taken about a century later by the Abbasids (750-1258). The continuity between these two empires in various domains, such as political theory and administration, is widely acknowledged. However, the issue of the recovery of the ancient – and, particularly, Sasanian – technical and scientific heritage by the Abbasid court is still largely neglected. The study of a various corpus of historiographic, geographic, poetic, and literary sources, as well as of scientific treaties, allows shedding light on various aspects regarding the production and political use of machines at the Abbasid court. Both at the Sasanian and the Abbasid court, ingenious devices prove themselves to be a preferential vehicle of representation and diffusion of political ideology. Through their public display, they substantially contributed to the definition of the space of power, taking part in the creation of an image of the court as a microcosm in which the King of kings, and later on the Caliph, hold the cardinal place of universal world-rulers. The Sasanian-Abbasid continuity in the realm of technology and science thus is not limited to the recovery, by Abbasid scholars, of Sasanian scientific knowledge, but rather takes the form of a true reactivation of a symbolic heritage
Goger, Jean-Marcel. "La Politique routière en France de 1716 à 1815". Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0038.
Testo completoPressed upon by the economists, the regency started consolidating the high ways in order to increase their trading capacity. This undertaking was developed by louis the fifteenth but decried by the philosophers because it took no account of the country and yet made use of the "corvee" and of expropriations without compensation. Louis the sixteenth enacted a local road policy, turning the "corvee" into taxes and reorganising the scheme on a local basis. The constituent assembly went even further, paying compensations to those who had been expropriated, giving the management to the departement authorities, and organising road taxes with greater fairness. And yet financial set-backs put an end to those noble designs. The national convention recentralised and summoned the people to maintain the military roads. Finally, turnpike-roads appeared in the last years of the directory. Although the roads were in a sad condition at the beginning of the consulate, a sound financial position enabled this government to stop the wear by means of tolls and subventions. Under the empire, a tax on salt, special supplies and local duties enabled road-building to start anew: road-planning was from then on organised on a rational basis
Jankowiak, Marek. "Essai d'histoire politique du monothélisme à partir de la correspondance entre les empereurs byzantins, les patriarches de Constantinople et les papes de Rome". Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE4012.
Testo completoThe monothelete crisis - a theological controversy around the number of wills in the Christ - remains the only debate within the chalcedonian church to lack a monographical study, despite the manifold impact it had on the byzantin empire of the 7th century, a pivotal period of its history. My dissertation, based on a recently renewed dossier of sources, attempts a study of the political implications and of the context of this dispute, which began as a reaction of a limited group of palestinian monks against the unions between the chalcedonian church and its monophysite counterparts enforced by the emperor Heraclius since ca AD 630, and which ended half a century later at an ecumenical council which accepted the doctrine of two wills. Far from being still another outbreak of the supposed eternal conflict between Rome and Constantinople, the monothelete crisis can be construed as a revolt of monk-intellectuals, grouped around Maximus the Confessor, who resorted to political means in order to impose their orthodoxy on the church of the Empire. They owed their success to their alliance with the papacy; thus, the controversy around the wills of the Christ presents an interesting case of byzantine "papocesarism" and encourages to reconsider the traditional vision of the imperial omnipotence in the religious domain. At the same time, the monotheletism is the last of the christological controversies which troubled the Empire during the late antiquity: the arabic invasions and the loss of the oriental provinces will henceforth turn the attention of the byzantines to the ritual righteousness
Dumont, Paul. "De l'empire ottoman a la turquie actuelle. Etudes d'histoire politique, sociale et culturelle". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20063.
Testo completoThe evolution of turkish history at the end of the 19th and during the first half of the 2oth century presents for a historian a particularly fascinating subject. During this period, social transformations attain a spectacular extent. The purpose of the 40 studies assembled here is to throw a light on these transformations. This was done mostly by exploitation of ignored or little known archival material. Modelling on technique and objectives of three kindred historical branches political history, social history and history of ideas - these studies deal with various fields: mostly with the origins of the worker's movement and the beginning of socialism in turkish society - particularly in its rural strata; two other groups concern res- pectively the history of jewish community in turkey and that - some- times parallel - of ottoman freemasonry; a fifth file assembles articles on the part played by islam in today's turkey, finally the last set of studies concerns the various aspects of political and social history of the present-day turkish world
Battesti, Michèle. "La marine de Napoléon III : Une politique navale". Université Savoie Mont Blanc, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAML004.
Testo completoUnder the reign of Napoleon III, the navy is conceived as an economic, social, technical, technological structure of the 19th century during the expansion of the industrial evolution. This thesis is composed of four parts. The first is consacred to the navy inherited by Napoleon III and the revival of fleet, through the impetus by crimean war, distinguished by the generalization of the screw propeller, the introduction of the armour and the armoured warsphips, giving the french navy the opportunity to attain apogee in 1863 with the putting into service of the first armoured squadron of the history. The second part touch on the decision-making process, the administrative structure and all the grade of personnel - naval officers, naval engineers, chaplains, naval medical officers, engineers, gunners, seamen, ship's boys, naval orphans, marines, etc. - for delimit their way of recruitment, education training and their social origin. The third part concerns the modernization of the naval ports and dockyards - town's workers - and the evolution of the fleet in the all components - artillery, types of warships, tactics, et cetera - under the pressure of international events, disrupted by the naval arms race, the american civil war and the battle of Lissa. The fourth part tackles the foreign policy and the "victories" of the french navy under all the theatres in Europe (Italy) as well as overseas (Mexico, Far East, Africa, et cetera) to the defeat of the franco-prussian war. During the period of the second Empire, the navy is treated "horizontally" on the human, civilian, military, diplomatic, strategic, geostrategic and technical plane to try to reveal the naval imperial policy and justifiy the designation of "Napoleon III's navy"
Güvenli, Gülsün. "Le lycée de Galatasaray (1868-1923) : histoire sociologique d'une institution scolaire". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0103.
Testo completoGalatasaray High School was established in Istanbul in 1868, during the wave of modernisation reforms of the Ottoman Empire with the contribution of France especially of Victor Dury. In the context of this study, the birth and the functioning of this school since its foundation until the first years of the Turkish Republic are elucidate with in one hand the explanation of the creation and evolution of the High School with regard to political and social environment of the time, and on the other hand, with the description of its different aspects from a sociological analysis: the organisation and contents of education, the pedagogy, the human and material environment, the cultural and sportive activities. The two last chapters reconstitute the evolution of the scholar and professional careers of the graduates in order to show their impact on the Turkish society and the neighbour countries, especially the Balkan countries. The thesis is completed by 100 pages of iconographical and bibliographical appendices
Kaynar, Erdal. "Ahmed Riza (1858-1930) : histoire d'un vieux Jeune Turc". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0129.
Testo completoThe thesis is on the Young Turk leader Ahmed Rıza (1858-1930). Through the life of a single person, the intellectual and political history of late Ottoman Empire with a special emphasis on the Young Turk movement is exemplified. The microhistorical approach aims at illustrating how ideological and political evolutions converged and interacted in one person, and thus, how a political interpretation of Ottoman reality was articulated. At the same time, it places Ahmed Rıza in the social, political, intellectual and cultural context of the French Third Republic. First, I explore the possibilities of a non-French existence in fin-de-siècle Paris in order to highlight Rıza’s role in Parisian society. Second, I underline the importance of this experience for Ahmed Rıza’s life in order to develop an understanding of this connected history between France and the Ottoman Empire. Rıza being one of the most important thinkers of his time, I analyze which socio-historical circumstances contributed to the development of a modernist political thought, which aimed at replacing the Ottoman Empire in the unified space-time of the fin-de-siècle world. At the same time, I stress the uncertainties and tensions of this thought, resulting often in contradictory interpretations of the Ottoman Empire and the world in general. The entire work emphasizes the global context of different cultural, intellectual and sociopolitical trends in the Ottoman Empire and France, and aims at their integration in a critical approach to modernity
BARADEL, RONDOT YVETTE. "Belfort de l'ancien regime au siege de 1870-1871. Fonction regionale, impact national, 1780-1870". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR20017.
Testo completoBelfort a fortified town designed by vauban, an administrative and commercial centre in the region to the south of alsace, underwent great changes before and after the revolution. Because of its fortified camp, the town became one of the strongholds of french military defence along the rhine and the swiss border. Belfort's military role caused the town to retain its administrative function. After the revolution, belfort looked more towards france. With the regiments going through it, which were now composed of frenchmen, and with a growing immigration trend, the town received news from all over france and became the centre of a very active political life based largely on revolutionary ideals of liberty. The garnison remained the main support of the town's economy but the revolution favoured the activities of the old iron works that attracted local capital. The textile industry established itself in the suburbs but il relied on capital from outside the town. From 1858 on, the railway took over from the roads, where the traffic had been declining and the town enjoyed a revival of business. Belfort, originally a middle class town domined by notabilities who had made a fortune during the revolution, gradually became more democratic. And at the same time there appeared a spirit of religious tolerance, promoted after 1789 by the advent of two religious minorities, i. E. The jewish, and then the protestant communities, working side by side with the old roman catholic families
Chafaie, Erchadi Choleh. "La conception de l'empire en Iran aux XVI-XVII-XVIII siècles". Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32002.
Testo completoThe political history of iran at the beginning of the 16th century is marked by the constitution of a monarchical state regrouping the small kingdams of the iranian plateau. Ismail ist sat on the throne, taking the title of shah. Examining the constitutive elements of the concept of empire (the place and the authority of the sovereign, the central, regional and local administration, the relations between the central government and the tributary states, the situation of the different socio-ethnic groups, the hegemonial tendency. . . ) the first part of this thesis demonstrates that the accession of the safavides to power could be considerated as the reconstitution of an empire on the iranien plateau. The second part, which deals with the 18th century, has for object the fall of the empire and the multiplication of the power centers in iran. In spite of the short lived "afshar empire" linked with the territorial conquests of nadir and the survival of some constitutive elements of the empire's conception, the political system of iran in the 18th century no longer merits the imperial qualification
Rey, Jean-Philippe. "Une municipalité sous le premier Empire : Lyon, 1805-1815". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20040.
Testo completoShortly after the announcement of the First Empire, Lyons was given a unique mayor. This emphasized the importance given to the rehabilitation of a local and administrative centre. Since September 1805, some important men gathered to rule over Lyons. These men, who were replacing the former leaders who played an important part in the 1789 Revolution, were assigned new duties. They had to rule over the city under the strict surveillance of the national authorities and their representative, called the préfet. Thanks to the deep analysis of this new ruling system on a daily basis, we can better understand the Napoleonic plan which aimed at reorganizing the whole country on different political and administrative scales. This study begins with the examination of an expanding administration and the complex relationships with the imperial government. The town councilors belonged to the élite whom Napoleon wanted to endow France with. The study focuses on the main characteristics of these councilors who mixed with other leaders who tended to influence them on a local regional or national scale. This study ends with the presentation and the comparison of the different actions led by the local administration during the Empire. This whole study aims at dealing with the example of Lyons in the forming Napoleonic system
Moroni, Anastasia-Ileana. "Une nation impériale : construire une communauté politique ottomane moderne au lendemain de la révolution de 1908". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0023.
Testo completoThis thesis examines the transformation of the Ottoman political order in the aftermath of the 1908 Young Turk revolution. First, through bibliography and documents from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France (AMAE), I seek to re-evaluate the revolution that inaugurates the “Second Constitutional Era” in July 1908. Then, using again the AMAE as well as Ottoman and French language newspapers, but mostly analyzing in depth the minutes of the Ottoman Parliament from 1908-09, I present the main issues that the constitutional régime had to face, and the answers given by the élites who emerged thanks to the revolution. As the revolution had upset the Ottoman political order, deputies posing as representatives of an Ottoman nation demanded that legitimacy be transferred from the sultan-sovereign to the sovereign nation. But they also were challenged to define this nation – in a multi-ethnic empire – and set the rules according to which its general interests could be defined. On these issues, I observe that there are both agreements and disagreements among deputies; to a large extent, their views formed gradually, as they encountered unpredicted events. The thesis concludes that, in the end, the sovereignty of the nation was consolidated, but the nation was defined along the lines of Ottoman imperial traditions, as an “imperial nation. ” Elites found that the active implication of the totality of the people – whom they believed to be ignorant– and the possible upset of the fragile balance that existed among ethno-religious groups would be contrary to the raison d’état and would endanger the Empire’s integrity
Hébert, Oriane. "La peinture d’Histoire en France sous le Second Empire libéral (1860-1870)". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20016/document.
Testo completoPrestigious genre, heir to a long tradition, the history painting experiences multiple evolutions throughout the 19th century. Under the Second Empire, for a long time a regime marked by its "black legend", the genre still remained to be defined. Its characteristics fix it deeply in its century, while conferring it an originality : an emanation of the history painting and its transformations in the first half of the century, a precursor of its reformulation under the Third Republic, the history painting under the Second Empire is marked by its singularity. The study of the representations of history painted between 1860 and 1870 is revealing there. Straightaway, the correlation between the creations and the term of "history painting" raises questions. Indeed, while remaining in a classic subject (history), these "paintings on historic subject" get closer alternately to the genre painting and the historic genre, and are contaminated by the realism and the interest in the local colour. If the academic expression of "history painting" still suits for the painting of battle, the latter is also touched by the modernity and transformed into military painting. The approach of the painters of historic subjects presents recurrences. An important preparatory work, on texts, sources, even archaeological discoveries, is put in the service of positivist reconstructions of the events, in order to raise the interest of the public. The choice of the subjects varies according to the intentions: educate the spectator, show an idealised past used as directory of moving scenes, or develop an ideology. Beyond the historicist dimension of education about the national past, these pieces of art show a certain state of the historic thought, the main currents of ideas that influenced the painters. Moreover, the latter convey and spread a conception of history that reaches the contemporary through the press and the illustration, and so they contribute to build the image that will be anchored in the memory. A traditional mean of propaganda and "manufacturing" of the power, the history painting raises the question of the cultural practices of the government of the Second Empire. The instrumentalisation of the image by the State is real, but is restricted to the paintings of battle and of the imperial splendour. Napoleon III, in his acquisition policy, adapts himself to the creations more than he generates them. On the other hand, he exercises an indirect influence: the staging of his person, the imperial couple and its tastes in history, offer a series of themes exploited by the painters. The painting of historic subject is not instrumentalised within the framework of the envois of the State. The local elites play an essential role in the development of this genre: municipalities and Learned societies, town councillors and scholars encourage creations on national or local history. The representation of the history between 1860 and 1870 reveals the essential place of history, in its erudite and popular aspects, on a national and local scale, inspired by the feeling of attachment to the "small homeland" as well as the nation
Charcosset, Gaëlle. "Le politique au village. Histoire sociale de l'institution municipale, 1800-1940. Arrondissement de Villefranche (Rhône)". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2058/document.
Testo completoHistorical researches on the nineteenth century have left aside Municipal institutions, except from the point of view of a prosopography of mayors and municipal elections of the July Monarchy. The contributions of other social sciences - sociology, anthropology, ethnology - have renewed the approaches, as well as the one on precise social history. This research puts forward a social and political analysis of this institution, registered on the long term (1800-1940) and on a tightened ground (a district and more particularly five localities).By means of relational databases allowing the aggregation of data at different scales of time and spaces, it aims at identifying the city councilors (mayors, deputies, councilors) for themselves, in a prosopographic approach, then relatively to define their representativeness (district scale) and to register them in the relationships they maintain with the other actors in municipal life (municipal scale).This analysis brings to light a municipal institution that villagers took over during the 19th century, by recognising an authority to the mayor and which was first shaped in opposition to that of the parish priest and which then overtook the given law framework. In fact, the outrages against them are few and allow to understand not the limits of the authority granted to the function but the lack of exercise of its depositary. In the same way, municipal elections deal with preparation, mobilisation and control -sometimes up to the electoral protest which constitutes then a third roundwhich brings legitimacy to the elected ones.The identification of the city councilors has also qualified the portrait that is generally drawn up: if there are many eligible families sometimes anciently established in the municipalities of exercise, the share of the moveable city councilors remains strong throughout the 19th century before gradually decreasing. The reconstitution of the municipal careers also shows that the access to the municipal council is not definitively acquired because of a real electoral competition
Timotin, Andréi. "Sainteté, charismes et pouvoir : l'autorité des visions et des prophéties à Byzance selon les sources hagiographiques médiévales (IX-XIe siècles)". Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0118.
Testo completoOn the basis of hagiographical texts written in the 9th-11th centuries, the author studies the authority of visions and prophecies in Byzantium, from a diachronic and synchronic perspective. The increasing demand for a more visual and personalized religious message (growing prestige of icons, development of spiritual guidance in the secular world, preoccupation with the Other World) significantly decreased suspicion towards visions and it was employed by local power centres as an instrument of legitimacy or contestation. The investigation pays special attention to prophecies, which acquired a political function especially in relation to two crucial events of the political and religious history of the 9th century: the second iconoclast crisis and Basil I’s ascension. The study emphasises the importance of visions and prophecies for the comprehension of the complex relations between religion and politics and of religious rhetoric used by concurrent powers in the Byzantine Middle Ages
Hedjan, Jonel. "La politique ecclésiastique de Byzance envers les pays balkaniques : l'exemple de la Serbie et de la Bulgarie (1346-1402)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040167.
Testo completoSince the ninth century, many aspects of the state and of the ecclesiastical organization as well as of the spiritual and material culture of the South Slav peoples have been directly inherited from Byzantium. During the second half of the fourteenth century, the Turkish conquest induced drastic changes in the Balkan states including the Byzantine empire. These changes have led to many shifts in the way of functioning but also in the relationship between not only the churches but also between the states. This thesis examines more deeply the issues at stake between Byzantium and the secular and ecclesiastical powers of the Slavic Balkan countries, the way that these issues have transformed the Byzantine policy in this area, and finally how, in return, political instability of these states has shaped the politics of the Byzantine Church. It will thus be an attempt to understand how the Byzantine Church has endorsed the role of guardian of the secular interests of the endangered Byzantine Empire, first facing the Serbian expansionism and then facing the disappearance of the Bulgarian state and lastly facing the Russian's ambitions considering that they were the only growing orthodox power at the time
Jewad, Kaïs. "Les cinq coups d'État militaires au sein de l'Empire Ottoman (1908-1913) : étude sur les sources arabes". Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040009.
Testo completoMarrero, Maria-Rosa. "L' empire du droit ou le droit international saisi par le fait colonial : Le cas de l'Afrique, 1880-1922". Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10075.
Testo completoYardim, Müserref. "La pensée politique et religieuse du "rénovateur ottoman" (islamci) Said Nursî de 1908 à 1926". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/YARDIM_Muserref_2010.pdf.
Testo completoSaid Nursî, born at the time of the First Constitutional Monarchy and having attended the advent of the Turkish Republic, tries ta adapt his religious and political speech ta the requirements of the Ottoman and Turkish society of the time. His activities are established as mueh in the religious field as in the social and political domain. He succeeded in founding a movement after the creation of the Republic which not only marked the modern history of republican Turkey, but which still continues to appear at the present time with a social dynamism through the dershane, publishing hou ses, media, institutions and organizations. The nurcu movement, nurculuk, which claims to be modern and faithful to the religious principles at the same time, arouses a great interest for studying the history of contemporary Islam. Our work aims to determine Said Nursî's relationship to his time. In other words, it is a matter of knowing how he adapts his speech, both religious and political, to the spirit of his time : is it modern or traditional? We try to put forward the features of his approach, which claims to be modern and, at the same time, faithful to the religious principles of the islamci current, the Ottoman revival attested at the beginning of the 20th. Century, and more precisely, of the Second Constitutional Monarchy
Ogier, Monique. "La Theotokos dans l'art byzantin : recherche sur l'iconographie des origines jusques après l'iconoclasme : aspects artistiques, religieux et politiques : rupture avec le paganisme et originalité chrétienne". Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO31011.
Testo completoBats, Adeline. "Les céréales et les produits céréaliers au Moyen Empire. Histoire technique et économique". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL135.
Testo completoEntitled "Cereal and cereals Products in the Middle Kingdom. Technical and Economic History", this PhD thesis aims to understand the role of cereals in human nutrition, but also to examine the capacity of cereal agriculture to generate surpluses and consequently wealth, which is the source of social differentiation. Cereals grown during the Middle Kingdom, namely barley and emmer, were introduced into Egypt from the Near East during the Neolithic period. These two deliberately selected plants are, like agrarian techniques, adapted to the Nilotic environment. After harvest, the cereals are stored in different structures in accordance with future needs. The silo allows long-term conservation and therefore savings, in anticipation of food shortages but also in order to accumulate wealth. Because, if the cultivation of cereals is intended to provide a large part of the Egyptians’ food needs, agrarian land, stocks and processed products (bread and beer) are also used as means of payment. Finally, these assets are also used to maintain dependency and political loyalty
Buchs, Numa. "Le règne de Constantin IX Monomaque (1042-1055)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL101.
Testo completoMy Ph. D. is a study of the reign of Constantine IX Monomachos, a ruler who ruled in the middle of the 11th century, a pivotal period in Byzantine history. The specificities of the reign are multiple. A former exile who became emperor thanks to his marriage to empress Zoe, Constantine Monomachos has never ceased to create a legitimacy to establish his domination and consolidate his throne. The emperor brilliantly succeeded in building up a network of faithful before his advent and subsequently succeeded in strengthening it by rallying many aristocratic families and a large number of officials of the palace. Yet, the power of the emperor, although consolidated, suffered many hardships: the two greatest military revolts in nearly half a century, the people of Constantinople increasingly restless, palatial plots, … Despite these difficulties, Constantine IX achieved a feat during this century so dangerous for the holders of imperial purple, die in power and from natural causes. Monomachos was a builder emperor, launching major projects both within the Empire and abroad. The cultural life of this period was particularly rich, since many of the great intellectuals of Byzantine history served and benefited from the emperor's favours. Long perceived as an emperor hostile to the army, Constantine Monomachos was on the contrary a first-rate military emperor, performing his duty by defending the Empire. He was also one of the greatest diplomatic emperors the Empire has ever known, a policy aimed at promoting peace at the borders by disarming enemies or avoiding creating them
Moulet, Benjamin J. A. "Evêques, pouvoir et société à Byzance, début du VIIIe siècle - milieu du XIe siècle: territoires, communautés et individus dans la société privinciale de l'Empire byzantin". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210419.
Testo completoL’épiscopat constitue un fondement essentiel mais méconnu de l’Église mésobyzantine. Malgré la relative rareté des sources, il est possible d’en retracer l’histoire et les grandes évolutions :une part importante de l’hagiographie de l’iconoclasme et post-iconoclaste concerne en effet métropolites et évêques, témoignant du lien fort existant entre ceux-ci et le peuple des cités dont ils ont la charge, particulièrement quand ils sont considérés saints par la population. De nombreuses sources épistolaires, ecclésiastiques et sigillographiques, émanant des évêques eux-mêmes, permettent d’approcher les réalités du corps épiscopal et celles de la société provinciale qu’il représente auprès des autorités centrales. L’évêque apparaît également comme le relais des volontés impériale et patriarcale dans les provinces de l’Empire. Dans un contexte de compétition de pouvoir avec les autorités locales, l’évêque tente ainsi d’imposer le sien propre, dans ses aspects spatiaux, sociaux, religieux et symboliques.
L’approche collective et les approches individuelles de l’épiscopat doivent permettre de comprendre les réalités sociales d’un Empire de plus en plus centré sur sa capitale et dont sont progressivement détachées, du moins dans les sources, les périphéries. Une histoire décentrée de l’Empire byzantin passe dès lors par des études régionales mais aussi par des études consacrées à des groupes sociaux enracinés dans tout l’Empire, surtout lorsque, comme les évêques, ils revendiquent la spécificité de leur région et leur attachement à une société provinciale qui constitue le socle de l’Empire.
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The episcopate is an essential structure of the middle-Byzantine Church ;however, it remains little known. Although sources are limited, its history and evolution can still be reconstructed, as a large portion of the iconoclastic and post-iconoclastic hagiography deals with metropolitans and bishops. The sources reveal the strong connection between bishops and the inhabitants of the cities under their responsibility, especially when the population considers them as saints. Numerous epistolary, ecclesiastic and sigillographic documents issued by bishops themselves partially unveil the realities of the episcopal group and the provincial society that bishops represent to the central authorities. The bishop also serves as relay of both imperial and patriarchal wills to the provinces of the Empire. Competing with local authorities, the bishop thus tries to impose his own influence in its spatial, social, religious and symbolic dimensions.
Both collective and individual approaches of the episcopate make the social realities of the Empire more understandable, as it becomes more and more focused on its capital city while its peripheries gradually move away, which documentation seems to imply. Regional studies, but also studies focused on social groups established across the whole Empire, are the fundamentals of a decentred history of the Byzantine Empire. This is especially true since social groups such as bishops claim the specificity of their regions and their link to a provincial society that represents the cornerstone of the Empire.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Yahia, Hassan. "Les relations administratives et économiques entre l'Empire ottoman et ses provinces syriennes (Bilad Ash Sham) de 1804 à 1864". Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20025.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis is to review the evolution of the administrative and economic relations between the Ottoman Empire and its Syrian provinces during the period under study. Here are traced the administrative and economic relations with respect to the ottoman empire, in general, and with respect to the Syrian provinces, in particular. We undertook, therefore, the study of factors that exercised negative and positive influences from the external and internal points of view. The subject of administrative relations led us, naturally, to study the governmental and administrative machinery, and the reforms introduced therein. In more precise terms, we have studied the juridical, the militarily and the cultural machineries, as well as the relations with the non-Moslem communities and the privileges granted to foreign states. The subject of economic relations deals with the agricultural and land systems; taxes and their collection; the professions related to financial machinery, crafts and industry and relations in the world of commerce and communication. The era of Ottoman Empire was characterised by superficial and decentralised administrative relations. These relations grew complex and centralised as from the Egyptian era (18311840). As for economic relations, they were dealt in all their aspects. In fact, the middle-east region enjoyed a relatively easy life and served the role of a vital road between the east and the west. How can, then, be explained its failure and setback in the economic sphere before and even after the first world war with the consequence that it is now considered among the developing countries ? The explanation is found in the conservatism and the inertia of the economic and administrative system of the empire, in the indifferent attitude of the Syrian population and in the interference of the European countries in the internal affairs of the Empire
petigny, amaury. "La politique étrangère de l'Egypte au Proche-Orient de la fin du Nouvel Empire à Psammétique Ier, 1080-610". Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4036.
Testo completoThe foreign policy of Egypt in the Near East from the end of the New Kingdom to the reign of Psamtek I (1080-610) has been subject of little studies. Yet, the political processes which reshaped the Near- and Middle East, as well as te mutations which affect the Nile valley help to explain how the Pharaonic state adapted to a new context while maintaining the outlines of the foreign policy inherited from Ramses III. The freedom of action of the Libyan Dynasty inheriting the crown of Egypt is soon to be limited by the rise of Assyria which extends its rule up to the Egyptian border. The power relations evolved with the rise of power of the Kushites who size the throne of the Two Lands. In spite of their strengths and despite the prosperity they acquire by trading with the Eastern Mediterranean, the Kushites cannot compete against the Assyrians who do not delay to conquer Egypt. Relying on the Saite Kingdom, opponent to the Kushite power, the Assyrians promote the rise of a "national" dynasty, the former acting as a guarantor of political stability of Egypt and its eastern neighbours
Dumas, Juliette. "Les perles de nacre du sultanat : les princesses ottomanes (mi-XVe - mi-XVIIIe siècle)". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0049.
Testo completoThe mother-of-pearls of the sultanate. The Ottoman Princesses (mi-15th to mid-18th century) During the second half of the 15th century, an atypical social category gradually emerges, exclusively composed of female descendants of the sultans: the sultânân, or Ottoman princesses. Throughout the period under study, this category defines itself, its intern hierarchy and its relations with others. The specificity of Ottoman princesses lies in their dual identity: royal women on the one hand, members of the Ottoman elite on the other. Unable to solve this identity-related tension, the sultânân failed as a social category, which members have easily been taken into advantage. The dynasty used to so concerning matrimonial strategies as well as through ceremonial discourse, in order to exalt the preeminence of its lineage. In the political field, the Ottoman princesses played a key role in structuring political strategies through factions. Discreet, their actions have been continual; the broad frame of family has defined their area of participation within various domains such as diplomacy, the granting office, and interference in governmental affairs. Eventually, the princesses’ philanthropic action allowed them to assert themselves as fulfilled founders, who were intimately able to tie around their person the establishment of a pious foundation, a vakf, and of a lineage
Werba, Nicolas. "La législation sociale du Second Empire". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D071.
Testo completoThis thesis is entitled social legislation of the Second Empire. Since the dichotomy imposed by Ernest Lavisse, the Second Empire is traditionally divided into two periods : an authoritarian and a liberal. Such a change of direction is usually explained by the loss of the traditional support of the regime. Trying to seduce the working electorate, the government then decided to launch into a more ambitious social legislation. Such a scheme considers the acceleration of the social measures of the second half of the reign as a simple detailed answer to an unfavorable political context; social legislation of the Second Empire leaves little to overall consistency.It is precisely such a presentation that this thesis wished to question. For that, it proposed to redraw the history of the social legislation of the regime, from its origins to the last projects of power interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War.Well, this study underlines that Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, from his earliest youthful writings, turned his attention to the social question. His solutions in this area are based on two essential principles : order and progress. By promoting prosperity and economic development, stability was considered by the future Emperor as the first remedy for the difficulties of the working classes. The order regained, Napoleon III then wanted the adoption of more ambitious social measures.Thus, far from being guided by external constraints, social legislation of the Second Empire is actually part of a logic defined from the origins of the regime, forming a coherent whole
Hazard, Ingrid. "Vie et mort du dernier empire ? : désunion soviétique et décolonisation". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001IEPP0015.
Testo completoLeroux, Serge. "L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution : de la morale naturelle à la morale républicaine (1750-1799)". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010517.
Testo completoOur thesis consists of four sections that correspond to the different categories of intellectual history as defined by r. Darnton. In the first section, we outlined the "field" of ethics as we perceive it through the works, opinions, polemics of philosophers an moralists. We show how the christian ethic based on the revelation is gradually eroded by the idea of natural ethics, the two being mutually and reciprocally dependend. The second section analyses the ethical idea according to the opinions of the revolutionaries. The same themes are taken up again and studied in the context of the revolution in order to fully grasp the evolution and the interrelations that they imply. We demonstrate that from natural ethics to republican ethics, it is not the definition of the ethical idea that changes but rather its modalities of distribution and application. In the third section, we deal with the question of the distribution of the ethical idea in the french society through the various institutions created by the revolutionaries, while the fourth section analyses the processes of appropriation and reception of the message by the popular classes
Vincent, Alexandre. "Les musiciens professionnels au service de la cité (fin de la République – Haut-Empire)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10069.
Testo completoNo general study had focused on roman professional musicians. Famous artists have been considered, but everyday musicians remained ignored, even if some of them were exercising their talent for the benefit of the State. Musicians were used to summon citizens for the political meetings, or were expected to assist with the execution of state religion’s rites. Those men were, thanks to their musical performance, minor civil servants. Epigraphy is the main resource for this research. The prosopographical methodology chosen for this work has made it possible to reach these humble citizens. It also enabled a contribution to the history of the posts ranking under centurionate : their career paths of the military musicians were distinctive.As minor civil servants, how were musicians considered among the population of the roman cities ? These men belonged to the « middle class » plebs, but a special attention must be cast on the aenatores. They were, par excellence, civic musicians. Their history highlights Augustus’ reign : they seem to have enjoyed a special attention during the first princeps’ years. As epitomes of the Roman city’s antiquity, those men were ideal instruments chosen to trumpet the imperial ideology
Hermay, Lucile. "Moines, aristocratie et pouvoirs (843-1204) : étude sur le rôle social et politique de l’élite des moines à Byzance". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040168.
Testo completoIt is evident from Medieval Byzantine sources that not all monks lived on society’s margins. Some of them were highly implicated in worldly affairs. They could travel, move into other monasteries and visit lay people. They built up ties with people that the authorities had sought to break and could even enjoy freedoms that the laws and cannons aimed to control. Based on such observations, I have studied closely how monks could be embedded in political networks. Firstly, I have made a census of the Byzantine monks that distinguished themselves by their intervention in the lay world. Based on this prosopographical study, I have defined the contours of a monastic elite and shown that this was a group who interacted frequently with members of the high aristocracy. Consequently, I have studied in detail the social networks in which such monks belonged. I have attempted to describe and to underline the complexity of how monks build up their networks as well as inherit and possibly transmit them. I also have tried to distinguish their institutional bonds from their personal ones. In doing so, I have demonstrated that they acted and were solicited less often as monks and more often as members of powerful clans. Thus, I have concluded that the political and social role played by monks in the Byzantine Empire can only be explained by their integration in very powerful social networks
Gourdot, Paul. "Les sources maconniques du socialisme francais (1848-1871)". Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT5015.
Testo completoFrench freemasonry played an important role as the vehicle of new ideas of liberty and equality coming from the age of enlightenment, of which it says to be the heir, around the middle of the xixth century when these principles will turn from the philosophy of happiness into a social doctrine: the humanist socialism. This new doctrine takes into account not only the moral concepts of justice and equity inherited from the french revolution, but also adds to them a search for solutions to the social question by means of a levelling economical repartition. Within masonic lodges of the grand orient de france, this new doctrine was going to meet a maturation and developments which allow us to assert that the masonic institution played a positive role in the concretisation of the humanist socialism between the revolution of 1848 and the commune of paris
Froger, Jérôme. "Le personnel dirigeant de la Révolution Française en Isère : les communes du district de la Tour-du-Pin (1788-1799)". Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29038.
Testo completoIt's a study of the political elite, at the lowest level of administration (towncouncils, committes and so on) in the la tour-du-pin district. The study follows a chronological order and aims at highlighting what changed and what continued in a permanent way through the different stages of the revolution. Two major directions have been followed : a social as well as a prosopographic study. The systematical use of the revenue sources at the end of the old regime and of the revolution leads us to the study of the socioprofessional composition of the town-councils and of their position in the social hierarchy of the village populations. The prosopographic study allows us to spot what was permanent and what might have ceased to be, and to witness the coming to life of a political life of a new style (reactions toward local and national events). Permanence is pre-eminent all through the revolution : no change in the people, the social backgrounds from wich the elite was to come in spite of the institutional changes and the succession of the appointment methods (the corporate system of the old regime, followed by the suffrage based on a tax qualification and then the universal suffrage). The terror (1793-1794) was a time of complete change for the two most important cities (bourgoin and cremieu) where the former elite was replaced by a new political corps coming from the working classes
Bouzid-Adler, Fabrice. "Les relations entre Grecs et Perses en Asie Mineure occidentale à l'époque achéménide (VIe-IVe siècle av. J.-C.)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG028.
Testo completoWestern Asia Minor was part of the Achaemenid Empire from the conquest of Cyrus II (547 B.C.) to that of Alexander the Great (334 B.C.). Thus, during more than two centuries, Asian Greeks have lived in touch with Persians, either satraps or members of the imperial diaspora who settled in the conquered regions. This geographical closeness gave rise to a number of institutional, cultural and personal exchanges. This thesis explores the variety of relationships having existed between members of the two communities. It seeks to show how two peoples traditionally presented as enemies actually cohabited in the same geographical space
Théoleyre, Malcolm. "Musique arabe, folklore de France ? : musique, politique et communautés musiciennes en contact à Alger durant la période coloniale (1862-1962)". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0038/document.
Testo completoIn this dissertation, we seek to demonstrate that the history of music in Algiers from the 1860s to independence must be apprehended in terms of meeting and transfers between European and indigenous musical expressions. Characterized by live performance and being a point of contact, musical practice has been understood, as early as the beginning of the 20th century, as a means to create and tighten ties between communities; a purpose to which many actors of civil society have worked, increasingly supported by public authorities. Rubbed together, the different musical genres were modelled and consolidated, so that the Algiers’s so-called “Andalusian” musical tradition was, in fact, shaped by the dialogue between Europeans and indigenes. Thus, from 1862 to 1962, one can speak of Algerian music’s “franco-muslim” path; a path which reveals that the historical significance of Algerian independence in the field of music is as limited as its memorial weight is overwhelming in contemporary nationalist narratives on Algerian music. However, the Algiers musical case might be more telling from a cultural history of modern France point of view: it shows – surprisingly? – that in France, multiculturalism is not tied to imperialism. If one considers for a moment that Algiers, from 1862 to 1962, is not fundamentally “colonial”, admits that it has for a time shared a common destiny with the hexagone, and yields to the fact that it hosted a genuine cultural policy aimed at the promotion of diversity, one is led to wonder if Jacobinism, as is often said, is consubstantial to France
Têtu, Émilie. "La modernisation et l'occidentalisation de la Turquie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25770/25770.pdf.
Testo completoRagab, Ahmed. "Le Bīmāristān al-Manṣūrī : l'institution dans le contexte politique et social mamelouk (1285-1390)". Paris, EPHE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EPHE4030.
Testo completoThis dissertation studies the history of al-Bīmāristān al-Manṣūrī, which was built in Cairo by the Mamluk Sultan al-Manṣūr Qalāwūn in 1285 and remained a symbol of the Qalāwūnid Dynastic glory. This analysis tries to discover the sociocultural perceptions and the metaphors attached to this institutions throughanalysing different chronicls, biographical dictionaries and fatawa. This study shows the Bīmāristānwas generally perceived as a charitable institution motivated by the benevolence of sovereigns and others pious fiigures in the society. In this context, the medical life lostits influential position in sponsoring and maintaining the institution and its administration. This perception was found more in the west of Islamdom; in Egypt and the Levant, while theses institutions were perceived differently in the East as in Iraq and the Persianate world. In the East, the Bīmāristānremained a project motivated, sponsored and supported by the medical elite, whose membres influenced their patronsto built and renovate Bīmāristāns and controlled the functionning of these institutions
Monnier, François. "Soldats du Sultan, forces armées et ressources militaires de l'Empire ottoman sous le règne d'Abdülhamid II Khan, vus par les attachés militaires français (1876-1909)". Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE4009.
Testo completoOn the basis of data and analysis provided by the diplomatic dispatches sent to Paris by the French military attachés residing in Constantinople (Istanbul), this thesis deals with the armed forces and the military resources of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Abdülhamid II. Those dispatches, which are kept in Vincennes, cover a period of four decades and enable one to retrace precisely the political and military history of a sovereign’s much debated reign; as soon as he ascended the throne, he felt obliged to fight against Russia. The 1877-1878 war ended in the necessity to reorganize the seven armies on the Empire’s territory; considerable sums of money were engulfed in purchasing equipment and weapons. In parallel, the army, which was malnourished, badly trained, rarely paid and chronically undermanned, was put under Prussian discipline. The tact of Pasha Goltz, its main mentor, facilitates the success of the Ottoman army’s Germanization. The seven successive French military attachés from 1876 to 1909 gathered lots of information on the officers’ and soldiers’ know-how, state of mind and sometimes even xenophobia. They reported that, although rustic, the Ottoman army was a valuable military instrument, evidenced in its 1897 victory over Greece. But, forced to quell unceasing internal insurrections in Yemen, in Macedonia and elsewhere, the subalterns’ state of mind soured; discipline slackened. In 1908, Abdülhamid II was forced to abandon power, but he had fulfilled his task: he left behind him a strong army apt to defend the Empire
El, Mhindi Mustapha. "La présence française au Maroc et la naissance du nationalisme marocain (XIXème-XXème siècles) : aspects juridiques, institutionnels et politiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32058.
Testo completoThe subject of our research project lies within the scope of a political approach which looksinto how Morocco organises its political universe and conceives its relation to power.France deemed it necessary to set up a protectorate rather than a system of direct rule. De facto, France rejected the direct administration of the Christian Empire and sought a balance of "association" and "control" with the view of re-establishing order and unity within the country.From the moment the protectorate was first mentioned, France witnessed many a resistance, be they armed or political. From 1930 onwards, nationalist aspirations emerged. The quest for national identity and unity would stand as the chief explanation for Moroccan resistance. The mid 1930s saw the beginning of an ever-growing national awareness regarding the struggle for independence. This thesis strives to draw up an overview of the various stages of that same devoted struggle. It also aims at analysing the many aspects of the colonial system which resulted from the treaty of 1912, and shedding light on the French-Moroccan crisis.Within this socio-political context, did France succeed light in uniting Morocco ?May we envisage its territorial supremacy as a change of systems ? And how may we identify the main evolution within the Marocco political system ?
Saliby-Yehia, Hoda. "Pouvoir étatique et dynamique de développement : l'expérience de deux États successeurs de l'Empire Ottoman, la Syrie (1876-1963) et le Liban (1876-1964)". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010562.
Testo completoThe purpose of this research is to analyse the role of the state in development. Development is here defined as a set of dynamics proper to each society, resulting from the interplay of many factors, among these factors we have examened six variables in their relationship to sate action. They are : territory, population, constitutional life, public finance, the education system and the role of the state in the economy. The interplay of these variables has been studied over a relatively long period. Lebanon, 1876-1964 and Syria, 1876-1963, have witnessed three types of state-power : Ottoman rule, the French mandate and the modern independant state. The Lebanese and yrian development experiences rely upon differents patterns, leading to divergent options. Guided by the assumption that the history of a society enrichies our analysis and comprehension of its economic organisation, our multi-disciplinary aproach has led us to pose the ititial question in a different manner : could state-power, rather than being regarded as a primary actor in development, be considered merely as one of its variables ?
Choisel, Francis. "Gaullisme et bonapartisme". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596716t.
Testo completoSeri-Hersch, Iris. "Histoire scolaire, impérialisme(s) et décolonisation(s) : le cas du Soudan anglo-égyptien (1945-1958)". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700410.
Testo completoBinvel, Iane. "La sigillographie au service de l’histoire. Le réseau des Comnènes (du XIe siècle au début du XIIIe siècle". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040221.
Testo completoWorthy heir to the Roman Empire of Occident, the Roman Empire of the East more commonly called Byzantine Empire is the scene many political changes and socio-economic since his creation at the 4th century. Among the actors of these evolutions are Komnenian, a family resulting from the aristocracy known as military that nothing predestined to occupy the higher realms of the imperial administration of 1057 to 1204. By firstly basing on the seals gathered in form the shape of a catalogue, it will be a question of clarifying the history of the family which gradually size up a network thanks to a strong matrimonial policy which is modified by the Komnenian emperors until reaching her apogee at the 12th century. Organized into three part the first volume of this study paints an exhaustive painting of the family by extracting from the sources the whole of information referring to Komnenian and with their parents so, in the second time to better understand how the family uses the marriage to extend her attraction and her power on the rest of the Byzantine population and on the rest of the world medieval of the 12th century, finally a study of the iconographic corpus suitable for the network of Komnenian will be studied in order to show the existence or not evolution of the worships under the action of this family. This work is based on a corpus of seals dedicated to Komnenian who composed the second volume
Dorigny, Marcel. "Les Girondins et le libéralisme dans la Révolution française". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010524.
Testo completoThis research takes as its starting-point the girondin group, generally considered to be clearly defined, and then attempts to discover whether their political unity, which is not easy to demonstrate, did not in fact hide a profound doctrinal unity, which was the true basis for what historians using a term already widely accepted at the time, have called the gironde. It can be divided into four main themes : 1) The economic and social thought of the girondins, covering property rights, social inequality and its role in the working of the economy, domestic and foreign trade, money and banking, taxes etc. 2) The role of the state in what was basically a liberal view of society and economies : the formation of "a public spirit", the organisation of the economy to create the conditions for a unified and protected market ; the encouragement of individual initiative, but also direct intervention if the market "fails"
Blonce, Caroline. "L'arc monumental dans le monde romain, du début du IIe siècle au début du IVe siècle ap. J. -C. : histoire et place dans la vie politique, religieuse et sociale". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040132.
Testo completoThe creation of a new comprehensive catalogue of the monumental arches in the Roman Empire was the starting point of this research into the political, social and religious issues involved in the building of monumental arches in the Roman world, from the early 2nd century to the early 4th century A. D. These monuments, which can be encountered in the whole Empire, share not only a similar appearance but also similar settings within the city and the same political role. From an urbanistic point of view, monumental arches not only embody the notion of urbanitas but are also monumental symbols allowing the cities to claim their allegiance to the Roman world. Considering the political role, monumental arches play a great part in the wide spreading of imperial ideology, as a manifestation of the emperor’s physical presence throughout the Empire
Le, Torrivellec Xavier. "Histoire des identités en Russie musulmane : la République autonome du Bachkortostan (1969-2003)". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0073.
Testo completoTaking into account the importance of identity issues in contemporary societies, this work explores the historical conditions wich made them thinkable in the particular context of a national republic of multi-ethnic Federation of Russia. Using a range of local sources, it proposes a detailed and "comprehensive" analysis of the discountinuous transition from membership pattern wich was collectively ordered to a model based on individually chosen identities, by relating the long-term history of migrations and settling process of the wandering tribes, their classifying inclusion in the Empire of Russia and their national blossoming during Soviet modernization (first part). It then operates on the same fundamental lebel of the structuring system of community involvement to grasp, within the contemporary period, both political (second part) and anthropological (third part) dimensions of this individualization process. What it finally reveals is a common European history : behind the diversity of the observed phenomena (national claims and rivalries, religious "come-back", ethno-centred interpretations of history. . . ), the interweave of their implicit content (justifying regional sovereignty, legitimating the local authoritarian regim, initiating pluralism. . . ) and their strangeness in a Western observer point of authoritarian regim, initiating pluralism. . . ) and their strangeness in a Western observer point of view (who will tend to reify the 1991 break and to deny indigenous validity of ethnicity), the Bashkir variant of the history of identities turns out to be essential to understand better who we are
Hage-Ali, Chady. "La mission évangélique américaine et le monde arabo-musulman : une histoire géopolitique de la rencontre islamo-chrétienne du XIXe siècle à nos jours". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0028.
Testo completoThe history of the American Evangelical Mission and its influence on American policy in the Middle East, since the beginning of the nineteenth century, remains largely unknown to the general public. However, protestant missionaries have greatly contributed to the opening of their country to the world and to its status as a major player on the international scene. In the Ottoman provinces, their contributions to education, health, culture and social action were often more significant than their results in terms of evangelization. On the assumption that the influence of Christian missions on political choices remains relative in the course of history, our thesis seeks to distinguish the responsibility of missionaries from the political role played by Washington in the emergence of crises and conflicts that shake up the Middle East and the Arab-Muslim World. It examines the reasons for the failure of massive evangelization and implementation of democratic and secular values. It also highlights the ambivalences and divergences that cross American Protestantism, the attitudes, representations and practices of Evangelicals and American government towards Islam, Israel, the Arab and Muslim nations