Tesi sul tema "Égyptologue"
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Gady, Eric. "Le pharaon, l'égyptologue et le diplomate : les égyptologues français du voyage de Champollion à la crise de Suez (1828-1956)". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040038.
Testo completoBecause Bonaparte's expedition rediscovered ancient Egypt, because Champollion was the first Westerner to decipher the hieroglyphs, and also because Mariette founded the Egyptian Antiquities Service, the French wanted or believed that they possessed, if not a monopoly, at least the first place in Egyptology. For decades, the French Republic supported its scholars in Egypt, both financially, by the creation of the IFAO, and diplomatically, notably by reserving the direction of the Antiquities Service to one of its countrymen during the Entente Cordiale agreement. A real policy of “cultural diplomacy” was progressively set up to save this egyptological legacy, first against the British, then, after 1922, against the Egyptians anxious to conquest their past. This action directly fits in with an imperialist policy : the French who, after 1882, felt themselves frustrated to see their British rivals control contemporary Egypt, transferred theirs pretensions to ancient Egypt. Maintaining this scholarly presence allowed the continuation of French influence along the Nil. So, it is the notion of scientific imperialism which is presented in this thesis
Wolff, Esther. "Enquête sur les Egyptologies parallèles et leur rapport avec la recherche". Strasbourg 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20012.
Testo completoThe subject of this thesis treats of fantasies about the egyptian civilization, fantasies which are becoming the truth for a large audience. If some of these fantasies seem amusing (the extraterrestrial origin of the ancient Egyptians), others are frightening as it is shown with the utilisation of the egyptian civilization by afrocentrim or neo-nazism groups. It seemed to us essential to expose these fantasies and to understand their origins and their propagation. Our intention is to inform egyptologists of their existence and the audience of their danger. We named these fantasies " fakes egyptologies " and defined their authors as " parallelists ". The expression " fakes egyptologists " shows how these authors want to expound their ideas as an alternative to egyptologic science by supporting a twisted vision of the history of the egyptian civilization for ideologic or financial purposes. These fakes egyptologies are very diverse. There are subjects as different as Atlantis, Extraterrestrials, Aryans, etc. Even psychoanalysis is interested in ancient Egypt and gives an analytical explanation of the character of the pharaoh Akhnaton. There is a theme which is always constant in fakes egyptologies : the quest of the origins. The fake egyptologies are almost always in conflict with the research in egyptology. Either they use the results of the research and distort them to adapt them to their thesis, or they claim that the results of the " officiel " egyptology are wrong and misleading. Finally, fakes egyptologies are symptomatic of the diffusion of pseudo-sciences in a large audience and we question ourselves on the place of egyptology in the fight against these pseudo-sciences
Duhard, Arnault. "La reine Tiyi de la XVIIIeme dynastie : catalogue des documents-commentaires et étude critique". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30043/document.
Testo completoQueen Tiye of the XVIIIth Egyptian dynasty is well known as great wife of king Amenhotep III, mother of king Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten and, at least, grandmother of king Tutankhamun. She is very often mentioned in books or articles related to these reigns. However, the complete catalogue of objects and mentions concerning this queen which has been constituted for the present work — with more than 800 artefacts, inscriptions, depictions, etc. — reveals that she was a prominent actress of the Egyptian History and that she was simultaneously the highest-ranked of all the queens of the dynasty, and perhaps of the entire New Kingdom. Lastly, it is possible to claim now that - as it was often presumed - Tiye was not “merely” a queen among others. Our investigation establishes clearly that she played an important role close to her husband and that she can be considered as an actual "female counterpart" of the king, and specially during the sed-festivals at the end of the reign. The present work aims to figure out an exhaustive balance-sheet of what is actually known about the queen Tiye, in order to serve as a basis for future studies concerning this period of the Egyptian History
Gobeil, Cédric. "Modes et domaines d'expression de la joie au quotidien en Égypte ancienne". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040259.
Testo completoThe main purpose of this doctoral study is of socio-historic order : to identify and to explain how, in the ancient Egypt daily life, the demonstrations of joy were translated (modes) and to see in which contexts they intervened (domains). This question thus aims at giving the most precise image as possible of the vision which this population had of joy. From the rich vocabulary related to joy that has been attested by the Egyptian texts, this thesis attempted furthermore to refine its translation. This first study was then completed by an examination of the contexts in which the terms of joy appeared, as well as by an analysis of the figurative representations and the hieroglyphic signs, the Egyptian language being by definition iconic. These observations showed that for each joyful event Egyptians had brought a particular linguistic and iconographic answer. It was then possible to draw a typology of joy pointing out that if certain demonstrations of joy were universally shared, some others were culturally related to this ancient society, as for the bearing of the "festal branch" for example, one of the most typical demonstrations of joy in that civilization
Vernus, Pascal. "Edfou, du début de la XIIe dynastie au début de la XVIIIe dynastie". Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040032.
Testo completoPhilological study and translation of 141 Edfu monuments, mainly funerary monuments stelae, statues, offering tables, naos, belonging to private people. Classification and chronology based on various clues: grouping the monuments belonging to the same person, to the same workshop - with considerations on the concept of workshop; morphological, stylistical, epigraphic criteria; opposition between "ideological" tradition and "executive" tradition in the written records; definition of the periods; grammar of the graphical deviations. Studies on phraseology: divinities invoked in the offering formulae; special formulae. Autobiography and its repertoire: individual studies of the "cliches"; Edfu autobiography within Egyptian autobiography. Prosopography of Edfu people: army executives; clergy and temple staff. Sociology: position of the woman in the society. The monuments of the corpus are the monuments of the leading class. , the class of people who can afford written funerary objects: the supremacy of the leading class is based on literacy. Sharing-out of the offices within families: hereditary conveyance; collaterals; connections outside the family. History of Edfu; "feudal" survivals in the beginning of dynasty 12; impoverishment of provincial elite in the second half of dynasty 12; raising of this elite in dynasty 13; Edfu as a member of the Theban nationalist coalition in the second intermediate period; involvement in the recovery of national unity; fruits of the victory; falling back into line after Amenophis I. Annex : list of private monuments of provincial sites of the Said
Rabolt, Marie-Caroline. "Louis Lortet (1836-1909), un médecin naturaliste en Orient". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10087/document.
Testo completoLouis Lortet is a scientist from Lyon who accumulated knowledge and administrative responsibilities. Between 1873 and 1909, he obtains from the ministry of the State Education several missions in Orient, in particular in Syria and Egypt. The works related to these travels not only testify on his background as a doctor and naturalist, but also concern other disciplines besides, such as archaeology and anthropology. This study suggests tracing Lortet’s itinerary by emphasizing diverse biographic aspects in order to better understand his orientalist work. The first part links Lortet’s vision of East to the "orientalist" movement of this period. The second part focuses on the life of the scientist, and more particularly on his career. The last part presents a descriptive and analytical study of Lortet’s main work in Middle East
OUM, NDIGI. "Les basa du cameroun et l'antiquite pharaonique egypto-nubienne : recherche historique et linguistique comparative sur leurs rapports culturels a la lumiere de l'egyptologie". Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20096.
Testo completoLike c. A. Diop's scientific works devoted to the reconstruction of african peoples'history, the thesis defends the reality of close and multi-faceted historical relations, a common cultural foundation and continuum and genetic linguistic relationship between the basa people, a bantu group of southern cameroon, and the ancient pharaonic civilization of egypt and nubia, in terms of common homeland rather than diffusion. As a result of a multi-disciplinary approach, this argument is based on a large body of concordant proof and evidence such as striking cultural and linguistic features provided by various sources, ethnonymy, toponymy, oral traditions, comparative mythology, history, comparative linguistics, archaeology, saharan prehistorical art, textual criticism and egyptology. The study is divided into three parts. Firstly, the history and geography of contacts which reveal populations on the move, both within the general framework of the peopling of the nile valley and subsaharan africa and the special one of bantu migrations. Secondly, comparative linguistics where the author, first of all, avails himself of the writings of some precursors, linguists and egyptologists (k. Meinhof, j. Capart, r. Cottevieille-giraudet, h. P. Blok, f. Daumas, etc. ), but hardly mentioned in literature, to justify the comparison between ancient egyptian and modern african languages and then, makes clear his method, quite different from th. Obenga's and j. Greenberg's, which combines direct and indirect comparison (through proto-bantu data) while establishing regular correspondences from a large corpus consisting of basic, cultural and special vocabularies. The convincing results achieved (both lexical and grammatical) turn out to be far more important than those usually referred to for a close egyptian-semitic relationship, and consequently question the pertinence of the so-called afro-asiatic family as well as the alleged absence of vowels in hieroglyphic writing. Thirdly, civilization features and ways of thinking (techniques, institutions, leisure, etc. ) where numerous parallels are drawn and close relationships put forward (common queen's name in meroitic and basa : kandake / kindak, iron metallurgy, health care, political and legal systems, coronation rites, cosmovision, with characteristic symbolic figures such as the human-headed bird and the falcon-headed lion
Chadefaud, Catherine. "Le climat dans l'Égypte antique des premières dynasties à l'époque romaine : contribution de l'histoire de la végétation à la géographie historique". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040341.
Testo completoStudy of climate in ancient Egypt is considered during the pharaonic period (the thirty dynasties), Grecian (Ptolemaic) and roman, that is the chronological period from 2200 bc to the fifth century ad. The attempts of climate reconstitution are considered in the limits of historical geography. Written sources (from hieroglyphical inscriptions to informations given by classic authors), iconographical sources (reliefs, paintings) and archeological sources (botanical remains from archeological sites research) are analyzed. The research is based on the following items: a) the Nile, the flood (different water levels) and the landscape. Pharaonical epigraphy and lanscape vocabulary. B) Vegetation of the ancient Egypt (botanical strata, man-made plan…
Haguet, Lucile. "Aegyptus, de l'Égypte de l'Occident : concept et représentation de l'Égypte dans la cartographie occidentale du XVe au XVIIIe siècle". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040181.
Testo completoBecause its Latin termination insists on its foreign origin, "Aegyptus", largely employed in modern time cartography, seemed the adequate term to name the concept of western Egypt and to distinguish it from true Egypt. The analysis is worked out here from a corpus of maps. Because of its encyclopaedic purpose, cartography appeared as a relevant documentation to define western Egypt because it synthesizes and deals on a hierarchical basis with its various aspects. This thesis describes the stages of the construction of a knowledge database on Egypt, then evaluates the degree of acknowledgment of the maps, for a better understanding of what "Aegyptus" meant to the inquisitive onlookers of the time, and finally brings up the instrumentation of the concept by the political and religious powers. This study thus hopes to light up differently the western imaginary of Egypt which would no longer be perceived as a restricted and shattered list from pyramids to episodes of the Exodus, but as a one piece compact concept that would not forget less known commonplaces, such as the marvellous islands of the Nile or the Christian hermits of the deserts
Venturini, Isabelle. "Recherches sur les exercices scolaires sur ostraca et tablettes hiéroglyphiques et hiératiques dans l'Égypte pharaonique". Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30034.
Testo completoStudent exercises of ancien Egypt, written in hieroglyphic and hieratic on ostraca and wooden tablets, can be divided into ten categories : written form, onomastic, copy, lexical, those concerning royal and divine names, numbers and dates. This study also includes some pertinent copies of Kemyt. After having defined several criteria that should enable to identify student exercises, documents were replaced in the context in which they were created, historical as welle as geographical. This has enabled to go over the main points of the different didactic institutions that appear from the Old to New Kingdoms, as well as the question of defining and locating schools in situ. The protagonists of the educational world have been then studied within the framework of the social context, first of all that of the pupils and students, then that of the masters. This was also the occasion to see which part of the population was concerned by instruction. Finally, on the basis of the documentary corpus, the teaching practices in ancient Egypt have been learned about, particulary which teaching methods were used in school (copy, dictation, recitation), all this while respecting a firm discipline. The didactic theories, which show through the documentary corpus, have been then observed, by replacing exercises within the framework of the two levels of the school programme : school itself ( collective) and apprenticeship (with a master). This study has enabled to see in wich order the disciplines were studied, as well as the different languages and writings
Millet, Marie. "Installations antérieures au Nouvel Empire au sud-est du lac Sacré du temple d'Amon de Karnak". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040074.
Testo completoArchaeological researches were led to the south-east of the Sacred lake of Amun temple of Karnak from 2001 to 2007. Their aim were to establish the chronology and the function of this area before the New Kingdom. They allow to complete urban and craft organization in this zone of the temple and take back a study of the archaeological equipment from the rescue excavations of the seventies. Eleven stages of occupation were cleared and a lot of various furniture has been discovered (ceramics, seals, stone tools and bone tools, figurines,…). These objetcs belong to the craft world and to the daily life. They give us information on the function and on the dating of these structures. Consequently, we can assert that the south-east of the Sacred lake of Amun temple knew an uninterrupted civil occupation from the First Intermediate Period to the XVIIth dynasty, evidence of the city of Thebes before the New Kingdom
Meneghetti, Livia. "La réception de l'Égypte dans les arts et les sciences à Toulouse du XVIIe siècle au milieu du XXe siècle". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20022.
Testo completoThis study of the Egyptian elements in the arts and sciences in Toulouse, from the seventeenthto the twentieth century is based on a corpus of archives and an iconographic corpus belongingto both scholarly and artistic academies and the city’s museums. It makes it possible to lookinto the way Toulouse scholars have created, trasmitted and modified representations of ancientEgypt over four centuries. Certain elements are favoured such as the pyramid, the obelisk, theSphinx as well as the gods Isis and Osiris. Their meaning and function in the dynamics of thefashioning of identities and heritage, shed light on the role played by antique elements in thesocial fields. While maintaining a strong and stable symbolic over time, they are constantlyreinterpreted to fit into a specific rhetoric. The crossing of the artistic and academic knowledgesof Egypt has yielded three choice fields to be used in Egyptian references: the relationship tonature, the relationship to knowledge and the relationship to power. Within each of them,ancient Egypt acts as a binder, a mediator between the events of the past and the contemporaryreinterpretation that is translated and staged in the city’s various museums
Quiles, Anita. "Construction d'une chronologie absolue pour la 18eme dynastie de l'Egypte ancienne par la méthode du carbone 14 en Spectrométrie de Masse par Accélérateur : modélisation bayesienne et simulations de transport de faisceau". Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077080.
Testo completoRadiocarbon dating is a well-tried method and a fundamental tool for archaeology. In the first part of this Project, we were interested in the instrumental aspect of measurements done on the ARTEMIS facility at the LMC14 laboratory. At first, we detailed how this facility operates. Then, we used complementary tools to simulate the transport of the beam through the different elements. Using the Transport tool, we obtained the optical spectrum of the beam, ensuring that there was no loss of beam, and identified the most sensitive points of the facility. Then, we used the GEANT4 tool-kit to simulate the interactions of the incident ions in different media. From these simulations we were able to establish the tolerances of the settings on electric and magnetic fields as well as the acceptance of the beam. Finally, the detector was optimized so as to subtract molecular ions C13H and C12H2 from the measurement of 14C ions. Next we showed that Bayesian statistics were a method that was relevant to the improvement of the precision of the results. We particularly focused our experiments on objects from the 18ft dynasty in Egypt. Objects conserved in the Dept. Of Egyptian Antiquities at the Louvre Museum and archaeologically attributed to a specific reign, were dated by radiocarbon analysis. The ages we obtained were constrained by archaeological and astrophysical evidence. We deduced a realistic range of dates for the beginning of each reign of the 18* dynasty. Finally, this new absolute chronology was tested on a specific study of objects coming from Gebel el-Zeit
Pollastrini, Alberto Maria. "L'armement défensif personnel égyptien pendant le Nouvel Empire". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789615.
Testo completoThe objective of this work is to examine the dynamics related to the introduction and diffusion of protective clothing in Egypt, during 18th, 19th and 20th dynasty. The word “introduction” represents the best term to define this phenomenon because this type of military equipment is not an Egyptian technological innovation. Contrariwise, armours appeared at the end of the Bronze Age, following the gradual Khurri-Mitanian expansion in the Middle East, and then spread throughout the surroundingg territories, including Egypt. The development, during three centuries of Mitanian supremacy, of a new way to fight, based on the employ of masses of war chariots, encouraged indeed the adoption of a type of personal defence equipment that was intended to enable the warriors to have both hands free, for fighting and driving vehicles. So we can assert that the armour represented, for members of chariot crews, the best answer to the need of personal protection on the battlefield.Unlike other foreign weapons and equipment, such as the khopesh sword, the composite bow and the chariot, helmets and armours have been extensively adopted as attribute neither in the pharaonic ideology nor within the contex of the religious beliefs. Actually, only the ramesside texts related to the battle of Qadesh and to the siege of the Syrian town of Dapur mention corslets in strict relation to the fighting Pharaoh, whereas the references to armours associated to a specific deity or worship are currently inadequate to achieve convincing results.I have paid particular attention to the survey of evidences and to the creation of a corpus organized in three sections dedicated to the iconographic, archaeological and lexicographic attestations, respectively. On the basis of the collated information, I have tried to develop the most accurate perspective on the way in which the helmet and the cuirass were introduced and propagated, on their impact on warfare and on their possible role in ideology. Moreover, in this work my preferred approach implied not only the recurring recourse to the comparison between Egyptian evidences and the contemporary attestations coming from the Middle-East and the Aegean region, but also the introduction in the text of some excursus and digressions about the defensive equipment related to ages that fall outside the restricted chronological limits of New Kingdom
Corriou, Nolwenn. "Le retour de la momie : du gothique impérial au roman archéologique britannique, 1885 - 1937". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA137.
Testo completoTaking Patrick Brantlinger’s definition of late-Victorian imperial Gothic as a starting point, this dissertation considers how Egypt became a literary object in the late nineteenth century through the prism of archaeology. Pertaining as much to science as to imperial adventure, archaeology – and Egyptology in particular – soon entered fiction as a Gothic trope, as is evinced by the great number of novels and short stories that form the genre of mummy fiction. By focussing on texts by Bram Stoker, Henry Rider Haggard, Arthur Conan Doyle and Sax Rohmer, among others, this work examines how the archaeological motif travelled through various popular genres, from the adventure novel to the fantastic, before being taken up by writers of detective fiction. The study of these texts reveals that Egypt’s ancient history, full of magical potential, was an object of fascination as well as fear insofar as it seemed to shatter the certainties of modern science. Meanwhile, the modern political history of Egypt – and its ambiguous position within the British Empire – also engendered a certain anxiety, fuelled by a more general concern about the decline and degeneration of the Empire and British civilisation. The depiction of Egyptian antiquity in fiction – and the figure of the mummy in particular – conveys the growing unease with which the British viewed an Empire which, quite like Egyptian mummies, threatened to rise and wreak its revenge upon the coloniser. Thus, archaeology came to stand for a metaphor of imperial relations and anxieties while the mummy embodied what can be read as an imperial repressed excavated from the depths of the collective British subconscious at the time when Freud was developing the method of psychoanalysis
Relats, Montserrat Félix. "Les fouilles françaises de Médamoud : synthèse historique et archéologique d’un temple thébain". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040136.
Testo completoMedamud’s French excavations took place between 1924 and 1939 under the supervision of F. Bisson de la Roque (between 1924 and 1932) and of CL. Robichon (between 1933 and 1939). They excavated numerous monuments which spread from the XIe dynasty to the Byzantine period although there is no global overview of the history of the site. It was necessary to re-establish the discovery’s context of all of this information as the corpus of documents was extensive but heterogeneous. As the two excavation stages were unequally published, studying the archives allowed us to establish how the field actions took place, its methods and results. After having summarized the excavations’ history and offered the uncovered vestiges a new dating, we analysed the temple’s condition since its founding. In this way, the existence of the « temple primitif » has been proven even though we modified its plan and widely qualified A. Varille’s theories regarding its cult uses. Senwosret III rebuilt the temple, which was modified by Thutmose III afterwards. Thanks to a new study of the masonry, we re-examined the traditional assumption, which supposed successive destruction of the building. Instead, we believe that parts of the Middle Kingdom’s temple and of the New Kingdom’s were included by the Ptolemies in their own architectural plans. Regarding Montu the god of Medamud, he is presented as the ultimate Theban god through the site’s documentation. Most of the iconography wasn’t dedicated to the war glorification of the deity but rather to royal legitimisation and ancestor worship among which Senwosret III occupies a prominent place
Bieganski, Nicolas. "Recherches sur l'administration de la Thébaïde à l'époque ptolémaïque, 323-30 av. n. è". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209845.
Testo completoDoctorat en Langues et lettres
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Connor, Simon. "Images du pouvoir en Egypte à la fin du Moyen Empire et à la Deuxième Période Intermédiaire". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209329.
Testo completo1480 pièces figurent au catalogue, dont beaucoup sont inédites :330 statues royales et 1150 statues privées. Ce répertoire a été constitué sur base des publications (catalogues de musées, d’expositions, de vente, rapports de fouilles) et à partir de l’examen personnel des pièces conservées dans 65 musées à travers l’Europe, les États-Unis, l’Égypte et le Soudan, dans des collections privées, ainsi que sur les sites archéologiques. Ce vaste catalogue permet de dresser un panorama aussi complet que possible de la statuaire de l’époque envisagée.
La statuaire est un moyen pour l’Égyptien de l’Antiquité, grâce à la nature performative de l’art, de matérialiser sa présence dans les sanctuaires, de se trouver face aux divinités, de leur faire don d’offrandes en échange de leurs bienfaits, de rendre hommage à des prédécesseurs. C’est aussi une façon d’exprimer un message par le choix du matériau, du type statuaire, d’une physionomie et d’un emplacement dans un temple, une chapelle ou une tombe. C’est ce discours que pouvaient lire les contemporains du titulaire de la statue et qu’il appartient au chercheur de démêler. Je me suis employé à définir qui étaient les destinataires des statues, quelle était la clientèle concernée, à quel endroit on plaçait ces statues (régions, contextes architecturaux, programmes iconographiques), quel était le sens et la fonction que pouvaient avoir la forme d’une statue, ses dimensions, la position et la gestuelle du personnage représenté. J’ai examiné les différents matériaux utilisés, les raisons de leur choix, leurs significations particulières, les ateliers auxquels ils étaient associés. J’ai établi le rapport entre la physionomie du souverain et celle des particuliers, ainsi que le développement stylistique de la statuaire au cours des trois siècles envisagés, et tenté d’interpréter les différents critères de cette évolution. En bref, j’ai cherché à définir le rôle et l’usage d’une statue, le but de son acquisition et de son installation, le message qu’elle véhiculait.
Les statues du souverain traduisent une volonté d’être présent partout, dans les divers temples et sanctuaires, de regarder et d’être vu, de rester présent au-delà de la mort, à la fois dans le monde des dieux, et sur terre, parmi les hommes. Elles servent aussi de réceptacle au culte du souverain dès son vivant et remplissent le rôle d’intercesseurs entre les hommes et les dieux. Enfin, elles commémorent le passage d’expéditions sur les sites éloignés et sacrés.
Le message inhérent à la statuaire privée est différent. Les particuliers ne sont pas quant à eux d’essence divine et n’incarnent pas la maîtrise du monde dans la personne d’un être surhumain. Les dignitaires sont des individus et représentés comme tels, à la différence le roi, qui est roi avant d’être un homme. La statuaire privée exprime, par le pouvoir de l’image, du costume, de la nature de la pierre, le rang privilégié d’un humain parmi ses semblables, le désir d’afficher un haut statut et une proximité avec le souverain. Le personnage représenté par une statue acquiert le moyen d’être intégré dans le temple, de jouir du culte et des offrandes. Par le moyen des titres étalés dans les inscriptions de la statue, par le choix de matériaux prestigieux et par le recours aux ateliers royaux, qui leur fournissent des statues dont la physionomie est en tout point similaire à celle du souverain, les hauts dignitaires manifestent leur allégeance au pouvoir et leur proximité avec le souverain.
Quant aux membres des niveaux plus modestes de l’élite, ils cherchent à exprimer un rang élevé par mimétisme vis-à-vis de ces hauts dignitaires, en adoptant les mêmes types statuaires, costumes et perruques, et, quand ils n’ont pas les moyens d’acquérir une statue dans un matériau prestigieux, en employant des roches qui peuvent en gagner l’aspect. Ces images ne reflètent pas la fonction précise des individus qu’elles représentent ;elles ont en revanche le pouvoir d’exprimer un statut, réel ou non, et accordent dans l’au-delà un rang privilégié à leurs titulaires, en servant d’intermédiaires entre les mondes humain et divin.
Ce travail permet d’apporter plusieurs voies de réflexion, à la fois sur l’époque envisagée et sur le domaine de la production sculpturale égyptienne en général. Cette étude ne cherche pas seulement à exploiter un large corpus de statues, mais à formuler un ensemble de questions pour obtenir une meilleure et plus vaste compréhension de tous les facteurs impliqués dans la production et l’usage de la statuaire, ainsi que des implications sociales qui y sont attachées.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Siesse, Julien. "La XIIIe dynastie : aspects politiques, économiques et sociaux". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040141.
Testo completoIn recent times, the 13th Dynasty has been approached either from a chronological and political perspective or from an administrative and social standpoint. The result is an incomplete view of the History of that period. The need to touch on those different issues in a single historical study quickly arose. Our work is unique in the sense that it tackles the problems of this period in a global way, based upon a crossover study of the historical and archaeological sources, may they be royal or private, without opposing them or favouring one or the other. This attempt at an overview is all the more necessary that the 13th Dynasty has always been examined within general studies on the Middle Kingdom or the Second Intermediate Period but never in its own right. Thereby, it is often looked upon in a superficial manner and poorly considered. Our thesis is split in four chapters. The first two are devoted to the dating, identification and social study of the main protagonists of the 13th Dynasty, which are its kings, high officials and higher priests. The last two deal with political issues, whether architectural, religious, economical or diplomatic. In the first chapter, once the frame of the 13th Dynasty is ascertained and its kings identified, the royal family is examined. The second one is devoted to the administration and the society of that time through a prosopographical study of its elites. We look into the royal work projects and religious developments of the 13th Dynasty inside the traditional borders of Egypt in the third chapter. The last one covers in part some of the issues dealt with in the previous two chapters, but within a different geographical context, that of the edges of Egypt and its newly annexed territories in Lower Nubia and in the Levant. Foreign policies are also considered in this final chapter. The results attained in our thesis contribute to change the traditional view of the political, economical and social aspects of the often overlooked Dynasty of the Middle Kingdom, the 13th one
Megahed, El Zahraa. "The role of malevolent demon troops with the livings in ancient Egypt". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2186.
Testo completoThe present study The Role of Malevolent Demon Troops with the Livings in Ancient Egypt aims to determine the criteria that defines the role of the category of demons who manifest in troops to affect people in the earthly life. The subject of this study is discussed in nine chapters and an annex including the corpora.It is better to start by displaying the contents of the corpora. The first chapter of the thesis entitled Arising of the Role of Demon Troops in Terrestrial Life and Aspects Identifying its Nature identifies three main points: Sources Recording the Role of Demon Troops with Mortals on Earth, The Role of Demon Troops: When and Why? And Preliminary Notes about Demon Troops.Chapter two bears the title Identification of Demon Troops. The troops studied in this chapter are arranged according to their importance, that aspect is determined upon the analysis of the roles attributed to each of these troops regarding the time of appearance and the diversity of roles. These troops are: #Atyw “The Executioners, Wpwtyw “The Messengers”, ^mAyw “The Wanderers”, @nTtyw “The Butchers”, awAyw “The Robbers”, %wAw “The Passers-by”, and @rytyw “Those Who Spread Terror”. Details about the connotations of the name, the main roles and tasks are discussed under each troop of demons.Chapter three entitled Designations: The Ontology of Identity and Character discusses the different titles and epithets that appeared in the corpora as designation for the troops of demons identified in chapter two. The most important of these designations are: NTrw “Divine”, NDstyw “minor Divinities”, Mdwt “Words (of Gods)”, Prryw m Irt Re “Who Go Out from the Eye of Re”, &pyw-a-%xmt “Vaunguards of Sekhmet”, Imyw-xt %xmt “Rearguards of Sekhmet”, ^msw “The Retinues”, Wpwtyw “Messengers”, NTrw mDAwt “Gods of Books”, Apdw “Birds”, TAw “Winds”, %bAw “Stars”, Imyw-spspw “Those with the knives”, %tyw “Those who shoot arrows”, ^srw “Arrows”, bin “The Bad”, _Sr “The red”, +Ayw “The Adversaries”, +ww “The Evil”. These designations are presented classified according to thematic categories identifying them.Chapter four bears the title Propagation and Provocation of Demon Troops on Earth: Superordinate Deities and Threat Zones. It deals with the main aspects that control the manifestation of demons on earth. The most important element is the deities who control demons. Chapter five deals with Nature of Task of the Demon Troops on Earth. The rubrics of this chapter study the aspects that identify the role of demons in the earthly life and how the demonic task can be defined regarding the elements of duality and enmity and so on.Chapter six presents Plan and Course of the Task. The aim of this chapter is identifying the actions that demons follow in order to affect people.Chapters seven and eight deal with the Impact of Demon Troops in Terrestrial Life. They respectively discusses the Death and the Disease.Finally chapter nine comes to define The Role of Magic in the Protection of Mortals against Demon Troops on Earth. The aspects connected to time, location and the targeted are also entailed.Concerning the corpora, the sources of the study are arranged in four parts, each of which deals with a group of texts from the same category. The order of presenting the categories is according to their importance. In the first part the Magical Prophylactic Incantations are firstly introduced as the apogee of the Egyptian thought concerning the capacity of demons to affect the different aspects of the life of people on earth
Izza, Hacéne. "Intégration de méthodes informatiques dans le processus de restitution en égyptologie". Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14442.
Testo completoMatte, Marie-France. "Conceptions européennes de la Chine aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles l'Empire du Milieu est-il égyptien ?" Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17929.
Testo completoFoley, François. "Œil d'Horus et calame de Thot : mesure et représentation de l'Égypte pharaonique dans la littérature francaise du XIXe siècle". Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1286/1/D1633.pdf.
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