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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

1

Fariña, Francisca, Juan Romero, Manuel Isorna e Ramón Arce. "Profiling and Prevalence of Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders and Behavioural Addictions in Incarcerated Traffic Offenders". Sustainability 15, n. 12 (19 giugno 2023): 9771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129771.

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A field study was designed to determine if traffic offenders were characterised by substance-related and addictive disorders and behavioural addictions, and to examine their prevalence in this population. A total of 268 regular drivers (weekly or daily use) participated in the study; 132 incarcerated traffic offenders and 136 drivers with no criminal background. Subsamples were matched in age, sex, and time elapsed since their driving test. Participants responded to a measure of impulse control and addictions. The results revealed a more-than-problematic effect regarding drug addiction, alcohol consumption, and compulsive purchasing in the population of traffic offenders. In contrast, a trivial effect (insignificant) was observed in addiction to gambling, internet, videogames, eating, and sex. Comparatively, traffic offenders reported higher addiction to drugs, alcohol, gambling, compulsive purchasing, and sex, but less addiction to internet than controls. As for caseness analysis, a significant prevalence of caseness (>0.05) was observed in traffic offenders in connection to drugs, alcohol, internet, compulsive purchasing, and eating addictions. Moreover, addiction comorbidity or multi-comorbidity was found to be common (=0.50). The implications of the results for interventions with traffic offenders are discussed.

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2

Marcinkova, M., L. Straka e F. Novomesky. "Cannabis and alcohol in road traffic: an overview". Acta Medica Martiniana 19, n. 2 (1 agosto 2019): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acm-2019-0010.

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Abstract Traffic medicine is an important part within the scope of concerns of forensic medicine. We are dealing with consequences of traffic accidents – fatal or survived – but this problem overlaps the borders of our specialization. Sustained injuries are the focus of various fields of medicine and in combination with alcohol and illicit drugs abuse this issue is growing. The following review has an ambition to bring more light into the problem concerning the effect of alcohol and cannabis (which is the most common illicit drug used worldwide) on driving abilities.

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Kalantari Meibodi, Mohammad, Samira Esfandyari, Vahid Siyabi e Sareh Roosta. "Illicit Drug Abuse in Drivers of Motor Vehicle Collisions". Galen Medical Journal 4, n. 1 (19 febbraio 2015): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v4i1.190.

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Background: Motor vehicle Traffic injuries are indeed one of the most important worldwide health problems. Opioids can induce a depressant effect on the central nervous system which may increase the risk of traffic accidents. This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted in Marvdasht, Iran to investigate the presence of drugs in hospitalized non-fatally injured drivers of motor vehicles.Materials and Methods: The cases were 500 drivers of motor vehicle, injured in the road traffic accident and referred to the emergency ward. The controls were 500 patients hospitalized in the same emergency department due to non-traumatic reasons. They were asked about the abuse of any substance during the 72 hours before their referral to the hospital. Urinary samples of patients with negative history of drug consumption were analyzed.Results: From the drivers, 237 (47.4%) of the case group and 278 (55.6%) of the control group had positive-substance consumption. Opium was the common drug abused in the two groups. An eight fold increased risk of road accident was observed for drivers who had used tramadol (OR= 8.2, 95% CI 4.9-13.7, p<0.001). Two or more illicit drugs (poly drug abuse) were detected in 24% of the cases and 31.8% of the controls (50.6% and 57.2% of drug abusers, respectively). Just for tramadol, the prevalence was higher in cases than controls. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the high proportion of illicit drug abuse among Iranian drivers. More health education and policies are necessary to steadily decrease drug abuse in our society.

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Liebenberg, Jade, Lorraine Du Toit-Prinsloo, Gert Saayman e Vanessa Steenkamp. "Drugged driving in South Africa: An urgent need for review and reform". South African Crime Quarterly, n. 67 (15 maggio 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2019/v0n67a4951.

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Driving under the influence is a major threat to road safety in South Africa. Various psychoactive substances (both licit and illicit) have the potential to adversely affect driving performance and increase the probability of a road traffic accident. While it is common practice in South Africa to test drivers for alcohol levels, testing for additional impairing substances (including drugs of abuse) is rarely performed. In terms of current South African legislation, only driving under the influence of alcohol and a ‘drug having a “narcotic” effect’ is prohibited. This excludes several impairing psychoactive drugs which are not classified as narcotic substances. The aim of this article is to highlight issues and/or limitations surrounding drugged driving and to propose appropriate considerations for revision of the National Road Traffic Act. We also recommend revising existing legislation to include a comprehensive statutory definition and detailed provisions for drug testing to deter impaired driving.

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Liebenberg, Jade, Lorraine Du Toit-Prinsloo, Gert Saayman e Vanessa Steenkamp. "Drugged driving in South Africa: An urgent need for review and reform". South African Crime Quarterly, n. 67 (15 maggio 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2019/i67a4951.

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Abstract (sommario):

Driving under the influence is a major threat to road safety in South Africa. Various psychoactive substances (both licit and illicit) have the potential to adversely affect driving performance and increase the probability of a road traffic accident. While it is common practice in South Africa to test drivers for alcohol levels, testing for additional impairing substances (including drugs of abuse) is rarely performed. In terms of current South African legislation, only driving under the influence of alcohol and a ‘drug having a “narcotic” effect’ is prohibited. This excludes several impairing psychoactive drugs which are not classified as narcotic substances. The aim of this article is to highlight issues and/or limitations surrounding drugged driving and to propose appropriate considerations for revision of the National Road Traffic Act. We also recommend revising existing legislation to include a comprehensive statutory definition and detailed provisions for drug testing to deter impaired driving.

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Erimia, Cristina Luiza. "Considerations Regarding the Impact on Public Health Legalization of Soft Drugs in Romania". European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 5, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2015): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p70-73.

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This article aims to analyze the effects of decriminalization of soft drugs in Romania on the health of population, especially the young population and vulnerable groups, but also the costs of combating drug traffic and addiction treatment, which would lower considerably.In this study, we used the domestic legislation on drugs and legislative proposals for decriminalization of certain categories of drugs and tightening of legal status on illicit drug traffic and consumption.In Romania, the marketing of "light drugs" has gained momentum lately, there are about 400 markets so called "shops of dreams". Also, a substantial part of the marketing is done throughout virtual shops.The solution to prevent more serious criminal acts or to reduce the costs borne by society has sparked controversy, both among civil society and professionals in the field.

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Sumina, Vera. "Problems of application of retroactive effect of the criminal law on cases on drug traffic". Narkokontrol 2015, n. 1 (gennaio 2015): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-4160-2015-1-10-14.

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Pannunzio, Vanesa G., Hilda I. Burgos, Manuel Alonso, James R. Mattoon, Eugenia H. Ramos e Carlos A. Stella. "A Simple Chemical Method for Rendering Wild-Type Yeast Permeable to Brefeldin A That Does Not Require the Presence of anerg6Mutation". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2004, n. 3 (2004): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110724304308077.

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The present work aims to develop a growth medium to render a wild-type strain ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaepermeable to the antifungal drug Brefeldin A. In the current study, a synthetic medium containing 0.1% L-proline and supplemented with3.0×10−3% SDS is employed. When Brefeldin A is added to this medium, a wild-type strain shows increased growth sensitivity and a diminished transport of the amino acid L-leucine. Since Brefeldin A exerts its effect on the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, the medium permits the study of the drug effect on the intracellular traffic of L-leucine permeases.

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Baertsch, Tanja, Marino Menozzi e Signe Maria Ghelfi. "Towards the Validation of an Observational Tool to Detect Impaired Drivers—An Online Video Study". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 12 (20 giugno 2022): 7548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127548.

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Abuse of alcohol and other drugs is a major risk factor at work. To reduce this risk, workplace drug testing is performed in transportation and other industries. VERIFY, an observational method, is one of the key elements in a procedure adopted by the police of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, for detecting impaired drivers. The observational method has been successfully applied by adequately trained police officers since 2014. The aim of this study is to examine the interrater reliability of the observational method, the effect of training in use of the method, and the role of having experience in the police force and traffic police force on the outcome when rating a driver’s impairment. For this purpose, driver impairment in staged road traffic controls presented in videos was rated by laypeople (n = 81), and police officers without (n = 146) and with training (n = 172) in the VERIFY procedure. In general, the results recorded for police officers with training revealed a moderate to very good interrater reliability of the observational method. Among the three groups, impaired drivers were best identified by officers with training (ranging between 82.6% and 89.5% correct identification). Trained officers reported a higher impairment severity of the impaired drivers than the other two groups, indicating that training increases sensitivity to signs of impairment. Our findings also suggest that online video technology could be helpful in identifying impaired drivers. Trained police officers could be connected to a road traffic control to make observations via live video. By this method efficiency and reliability in detecting abuse of alcohol and other drugs could be improved. Our findings also apply to workplace drug testing in general.

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Johnstad, Petter Grahl. "Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident". Drug Science, Policy and Law 8 (gennaio 2022): 205032452210952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503245221095228.

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Researchers have associated cannabis use with risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident. However, this review shows that the association between moderate cannabis use and psychosis is no stronger, and often considerably weaker, than the corresponding association for moderate tobacco use. The same holds for associations with cognitive impairment. For the risk of traffic accident, the review confirms that the risk from alcohol use is substantially stronger than the risk from cannabis use, while the corresponding risk from tobacco use appears to be almost as strong as that from cannabis use. It thus appears that the risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident associated with cannabis use is generally comparable to that from tobacco use. The article discusses different interpretations of these comparative harms assessments and presents two points of methodological critique to argue that the risks associated with cannabis and other generally criminalized drugs are probably exaggerated. First, any measurement of harms associated with high escapist activities such as drug abuse will be affected by the general dysfunction associated with the underlying reason why a person settles for frequent escapism. From this perspective, cannabis and tobacco use disorder are probably both associated with underlying problems and life issues that are, in and of themselves, associated with psychopathology, and researchers should be careful not to conflate the selection effect from belonging to the population segment that opts for high escapist lifestyles with any (putative) harmful effect from drug use itself. Second, criminalization probably shifts the composition of the user population in the direction of more dysfunctional users. From this perspective, the association between substance use disorder and underlying problems and life issues is stronger for criminalized substances, since people who live troubled lives are less likely to be deterred by the prospect of legal problems.

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Tesi sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

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Hutcherson, Donald Tyrone. "Street dreams the effect of incarceration on illegal earnings /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218205841.

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García, Martín Meráz. "A theoretical approach : an exploratory analysis of higher level narcotraffickers of Latin American decent". Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2007/M_Garcia_082007.pdf.

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Barnes, DeEtta Lachelle Gray. "Drug trafficking in Haiti". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FBarnes.pdf.

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Chung, Wing-kan. "An evaluation of the confiscation laws of Hong Kong". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13552880.

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McGowen, Richard S. "Central Asian drug trafficking dilemma". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FMcGowen.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Mikhail Tsypkin, Robert E. Looney. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79). Also available online.

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Funes, Ponce Rayne E. "Honduras' national security strategy to combat terrorism". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FFunes%5FPonce.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Douglas Borer. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-88). Also available in print.

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Nadella, Sunita. "Effect of machine vision based traffic data collection accuracy on traffic noise". Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174681979.

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Silber, Yvonne Beata. "The acute side effects of d-amphetamine and methamphetamine on simulated driving performance, cognitive functioning, brain activity, and the standardised field sobriety tests". Australasian Digital Theses Program, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070319.105603/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, 2006.
Typescript. [Submitted for the degree of] Doctor of Philosophy, Swinburne University of Technology - 2006. Includes bibliographical references (p. 253-290).

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Capps, Penny R. "A new perspective for creating geographic products for drug interdiction". Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020035/.

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V, De la Torre Luis. "Drug trafficking and police corruption a comparison of Colombia and Mexico /". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483659.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Giraldo, Jeanne ; Berger, Mark T. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-121). Also available in print.

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Libri sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

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Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Research Dept. American Section., a cura di. The Destabilising effect of the international drugs trade in developing countries. [London]: American Section, Research Dept., Foreign and Commonwealth Office, 1988.

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1958-, Layne Mary, United States. Office of National Drug Control Policy. Office of Programs, Budget, Research, and Evaluation. e Abt Associates, a cura di. Measuring the deterrent effect of enforcement operations on drug smuggling, 1991-1999. Washington, DC: Executive Office of the President, Office of National Drug Control Policy, 2001.

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3

Galán, Juan Manuel. La batalla perdida contra las drogas: ¿legalizar es la opción? Bogotá: Intermedio, 2008.

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de, Gier J. J., O'Hanlon J. F e International Symposium on Prescription Drugs and Driving Performance (1st : 1984 : Vinkeveen, Netherlands), a cura di. Drugs and driving. London: Taylor & Francis, 1986.

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Clinton), United States President (1993-2001 :. Continuation of the national emergency with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the emergency declared with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia is to continue in effect for one year beyond October 31, 1996--received in the United States House of Representatives October 15, 1996, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(d). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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6

United States. Government Accountability Office. Drug control: Air bridge denial program in Colombia has implemented new safeguards, but its effect on drug trafficking is not clear : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: Govt. Accountability Office, 2005.

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1946-, Bush George W., e United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations., a cura di. Continuation of emergency with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the emergency declared with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia is to continue in effect beyond October 21, 2002, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(d). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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Andrew, Campbell. The Australian illicit drug guide: Every person's guide to illicit drugs--their use, effects and history, treatment options and legal penalties. Melbourne: Black Inc., 2001.

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1946-, Bush George W., e United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations., a cura di. Continuation of emergency with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the emergency declared with respect to significant narcotics traffickers centered in Colombia is to continue in effect for one year beyond October 21, 2001, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(d). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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1976-, Camilo Ferrand Juan, a cura di. Las fantásticas: las mujeres de El Cartel: Un viaje al extraordinario mundo de las mujeres de los narcotraficantes. Bogotá: Editorial Oveja Negra, 2009.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

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Vermeeren, Annemiek, Tim R. M. Leufkens e Joris C. Verster. "Effects of anxiolytics on driving". In Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety, 289–305. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9923-8_17.

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Fell, James C., e Robert B. Voas. "Reducing illegal blood alcohol limits for driving: effects on traffic safety". In Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety, 415–37. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9923-8_26.

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Nilsson, Lena, Lisbeth Harms e Björn Peters. "The Effect of Road Transport Telematics". In Traffic Psychology Today, 265–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6867-1_14.

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Klebe, Gerhard. "Optical Activity and Biological Effect". In Drug Design, 89–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17907-5_5.

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Mattison Faye, Amy C. M., e Donald R. Mattison. "Drug Disposition and Effect". In Handbook of Clinical Gender Medicine, 473–79. Basel: KARGER, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000336450.

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Souto, Eliana B., e Rainer H. Müller. "Lipid Nanoparticles: Effect on Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetic Changes". In Drug Delivery, 115–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00477-3_4.

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Liguori, Anthony. "Simulator studies of drug-induced driving impairment". In Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety, 75–82. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9923-8_5.

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Yanagisawa, Daichi, Akiyasu Tomoeda e Katsuhiro Nishinari. "Effect of Rhythm on Pedestrian Flow". In Traffic and Granular Flow '11, 187–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39669-4_19.

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Pandit, Angshuman, e Anuj Kishor Budhkar. "Effect of Fog on Traffic Parameters in Mixed Traffic Condition". In Recent Advances in Transportation Systems Engineering and Management, 3–14. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2273-2_1.

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Sweedler, Barry M., e Kathryn Stewart. "Worldwide trends in alcohol and drug impaired driving". In Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety, 23–41. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9923-8_2.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

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Howell, Jeff, Martin Passmore e Daniel Butcher. "An Estimation of the Effect of Turbulence from the Natural Wind and Traffic on the Cycle-Averaged-Drag Coefficient". In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0896.

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McAuliffe, Brian, e Hali Barber. "Simulating Traffic-wake Effects in a Wind Tunnel". In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0950.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Road-vehicle platooning is known to reduced aerodynamic drag. Recent aerodynamic-platooning investigations have suggested that follower-vehicle drag-reduction benefits persist to large, safe inter-vehicle driving distances experienced in everyday traffic. To investigate these traffic-wake effects, a wind-tunnel wake-generator system was designed and used for aerodynamic-performance testing with light-duty-vehicle (LDV) and heavy-duty-vehicle (HDV) models. This paper summarizes the development of this Road Traffic and Turbulence System (RT<sup>2</sup>S), including the identification of typical traffic-spacing conditions, and documents initial results from its use with road-vehicle models.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Analysis of highway-traffic-volume data revealed that, in an uncongested urban-highway environment, the most-likely condition is a speed of 105 km/h with an inter-vehicle spacing of about 50 m. Probability distributions for spacing and road speed were used to identify a range of suitable inter-vehicle spacings to target for wake conditions. Combining these data with previous research activities that examined the characteristics of road-vehicle wakes, three phases of development for the RT<sup>2</sup>S were undertaken in multiple wind tunnels leading to a system using porous grids and sets of vertically-oriented vanes. Specific grid and vane combinations generate wake shapes, wind-speed deficits, flow-angularities, and turbulence representative of every-day traffic wakes. Lateral positioning of the system and rotation of the vanes provide wake positioning and flow characteristics representing a variety of wake-in-crosswind conditions, while being able to effectively change the lane of the wake-source vehicles.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The results of two experiments are presented to document the influence of traffic wakes, via application of the RT<sup>2</sup>S, on the aerodynamic performance of road vehicles. First, measurements are presented based on the use of a prototype version of the system with a 15%-scale DrivAer fastback model. Drag reductions from 10% to 31% and side-force-coefficient reductions in excess of 50% were observed for the DrivAer model, relative to uniform-flow conditions, for the 13 specific wake-like conditions replicated. The second set of experiments applied the final RT<sup>2</sup>S design to testing of a 30%-scale tractor-trailer HDV model, which showed drag reductions as high as 15% for an HDV-wake configuration, with drag reductions of 2% measured for a compact-sedan-wake at 50 m effective forward distance, relative to uniform winds. For both sets of experiments, examining wake effects on LDV and HDV models, changes in aerodynamic performance are attributed in large part to reductions in effective dynamic pressure, but surface-pressure measurements indicate that flow-angularity variations also play a role in crosswind conditions.</div></div>

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FOWLER, WALLACE. "RPVs for drug traffic interdiction". In Aircraft Design and Operations Meeting. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-2062.

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Sun, Chengcheng, Yi Zheng, Yan Jia e Liang Gan. "Drug Side-effect Prediction based on Comprehensive Drug Similarity". In 2016 International Forum on Mechanical, Control and Automation (IFMCA 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ifmca-16.2017.28.

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Poliakov, V. V., D. S. Mokshin, A. E. Kalenova, Z. A. Koshchugulova, N. Sadyrbekuly e O. N. Chikunova. "Radioprotective effect of the drug "Topolin"". In Наука России: Цели и задачи. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-12-2018-26.

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Farid, T., A. Shakeel e M. Sajid. "An Evaluation of Open Source CFD for Study of Aerodynamics of Vehicle Platooning". In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5130.

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Abstract The ever-growing road congestion and safety hazards induced by conventional highways has inspired the development of automated highways which provides four key benefits: fuel economy, environmental protection, road safety and smooth traffic flow. Vehicle platooning is a vital component of automated highways which contributes directly to these four benefits with its sequence of closely spaced leader-follower vehicle configuration by taking advantage of the ‘slip-stream’ effect to minimize the aerodynamic drag. Exploratory studies into platooning parameters, vehicle spacing, speeds and number of vehicles, have proven to be prohibitive expensive both computationally and experimentally due to the complexity of tests and the large number of test cases. In recent years, OpenFOAM® an independently developed, supported and documented open-source toolbox has gained popularity by offering a lower cost alternative to leading commercial CFD products. This paper summarizes the results from a computational study of autonomous vehicle platoons and the capability of OpenFOAM® to substitute leading commercial CFD solutions currently used to support vehicle aerodynamic development. This study investigates the aerodynamic characteristics of a 4-SUV platoon at inter-vehicle distances ranging from 0.25 to 1 SUV length at a constant speed of 23 m/s. Trends of the predicted aerodynamic drag coefficients (Cd) are then compared against experimental data from published literature as well as the results obtained from a leading commercial CFD package.

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Kayastha, Tanay, Pranjal Gupta e Pushpak Bhattacharyya. "BERT based Adverse Drug Effect Tweet Classification". In Proceedings of the Sixth Social Media Mining for Health (#SMM4H) Workshop and Shared Task. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.smm4h-1.15.

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Shella Arrum Wardhani, Richard Karel Willem Mengko e Agung Wahyu Setiawan. "Design of drug-pregnancy alerting system to prevent harmful drug effect for pregnant women". In 2016 6th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2016.7849625.

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Berkhout, L. C., E. H. Vogelzang, M. H. Hart, N. I. Derksen, R. Wieringa, W. A. van Leeuwen, C. L. Krieckaert et al. "THU0205 The effect of certolizumab drug concentration and anti-drug antibodies on tnf neutralisation". In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.4399.

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Wardhani, Shella Arrum, Richard Karel Willem Mengko e Agung Wahyu Setiawan. "Design of drug-pregnancy alerting system to prevent harmful drug effect for pregnant women". In 2016 International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fit.2016.7857540.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Effect of Drug traffic on"

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou e Watheq Sayeh. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-010.

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Truck platoons have many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Truck platoons have the potential to improve safety and reduce fuel consumption between 5% and 15%, based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Therefore, expected fuel savings would be significant for trucks. Deployment of truck platoons within interstate highways may have a direct effect on flexible pavement performance, as the time between consecutive axle loads (i.e., resting time) is expected to decrease significantly. Moreover, platoons could potentially accelerate pavement damage accumulation due to trucks’ channelized position, decreasing pavement service life and increasing maintenance and rehabilitation costs. The main objective of this project was to quantify the effects of truck platoons on pavements and to provide guidelines to control corresponding potential pavement damage. Finite-element models were utilized to quantify the impact of rest period on pavement damage. Recovered and accumulated strains were predicted by fitting exponential functions to the calculated strain profiles. The results suggested that strain accumulation was negligible at a truck spacing greater that 10 ft. A new methodology to control pavement damage due to truck platoons was introduced. The method optimizes trucks’ lateral positions on the pavements, and an increase in pavement service life could be achieved if all platoons follow this optimization method. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis were conducted for fully autonomous, human-driven, and mixed-traffic regimes. For example, for an analysis period of 45 years, channelized truck platoons could save life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 28% and 21% compared with human-driven trucks, respectively. Furthermore, optimum truck platoon configuration could reduce life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 48% and 36%, respectively, compared with human-driven trucks. In contrast, channelized traffic could increase pavement roughness, increasing fuel consumption by 15%, even though platooning vehicles still benefit from reduction in air drag forces. Given that truck platoons are expected to be connected only in the first phase, no actions are required by the agency. However, in the second phase when truck platoons are also expected to be autonomous, a protocol for driving trends should be established per the recommendation of this study.

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Miron, Jeffrey. The Effect of Drug Prohibition on Drug Prices: Evidence from the Markets for Cocaine and Heroin. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maggio 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9689.

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Ewing, Reid. Effect of Light-Rail Transit on Traffic in a Travel Corridor. Portland State University Library, giugno 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.56.

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Dean, Jeffrey S., Geoffrey G. Xie, Neil Rowe e Robert Beverly. Examining the Effect of Organizational Roles in Shaping Network Traffic Activity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582602.

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Kamimori, Gary H. Effect of Time of Menstrual Cycle on Drug Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409105.

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Cohen, Alma, e Rajeev Dehejia. The Effect of Automobile Insurance and Accident Liability Laws in Traffic Fatalities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, aprile 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9602.

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Heissel, Jennifer, Claudia Persico e David Simon. Does Pollution Drive Achievement? The Effect of Traffic Pollution on Academic Performance. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, gennaio 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25489.

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Buchmueller, Thomas, e Colleen Carey. The Effect of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on Opioid Utilization in Medicare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, febbraio 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23148.

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Kaestner, Robert. The Effect of Illicit Drug Use on the Wages of Young Adults. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, dicembre 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3535.

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Wen, Hefei, Jason Hockenberry e Janet Cummings. The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on Marijuana, Alcohol, and Hard Drug Use. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maggio 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20085.

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