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Tesi sul tema "EDP dégénérée"
Chaudru, de Raynal Paul Éric. "Équations différentielles stochastiques : résolubilité forte d'équations singulières dégénérées ; analyse numérique de systèmes progressifs-rétrogrades de McKean-Vlasov". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954417.
Testo completoElbar, Charles. "Étude mathématique d’équations de type Cahn-Hilliard dégénérées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS053.
Testo completoWe study Cahn-Hilliard type equations, an equation that was introduced to describe phase separation in multi-component systems. The results obtained in this work have been motivated by biological applications, such as tissue formation and tumor growth, as well as physical applications, such as fluid flows involving surface tension phenomena. The first part of this thesis is an analysis of the relationship between the Cahn-Hilliard equation and the Hele-Shaw models, which are frequently used to model fluid flow or the evolution of cancerous tumors in confined spaces. In particular, we examine how to obtain Hele-Shaw models in the so-called incompressible limit of the Cahn-Hilliard equation. The second part of the thesis focuses on the study of the non-local Cahn-Hilliard equation (and its variations) and its convergence to the local equation. This equation, which can be derived rigorously from a system of interacting particles, is obtained by replacing the Laplacian, which is a local term, by a non-local approximation taking into account the long range interactions between the components. We show that the solution of the non-local equation converges to the solution of the local equation in the short range interaction limit. The third part of the thesis focuses on the study of more classical fluid models, such as the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations, which incorporate surface tension phenomena. These models are used to describe fluid flows or cell motions in which interfacial forces play an important role. The fourth part juxtaposes kinetic theory, traditionally used to represent physical phenomena on a mesoscopic scale, with the Cahn-Hilliard equation. Our study focuses specifically on the Vlasov-Cahn-Hilliard equation, which describes phase transition processes
Peillon, Etienne. "Simulation and analysis of sign-changing Maxwell’s equations in cold plasma". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE004.
Testo completoNowadays, plasmas are mainly used for industrial purpose. One of the most frequently cited examples of industrial use is electric energy production via fusion nuclear reactors. Then, in order to contain plasma properly inside the reactor, a background magnetic field is imposed, and the density and temperature of the plasma must be precisely controlled. This is done by sending electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies and directions depending on the characteristics of the plasma.The first part of this PhD thesis consists in the study of the model of plasma in a strong background magnetic field, which corresponds to a hyperbolic metamaterial. The objective is to extend the existing results in 2D to the 3D-case and to derive a radiation condition. We introduce a splitting of the electric and magnetic fields resembling the usual TE and TM decomposition, then, it gives some results on the two resulting problems. The results are in a very partial state, and constitute a rough draft on the subject.The second part consists in the study of the degenerate PDE associated to the lower-hybrid resonant waves in plasma. The associated boundary-value problem is well-posed within a ``natural'' variational framework. However, this framework does not include the singular behavior presented by the physical solutions obtained via the limiting absorption principle. Notice that this singular behavior is important from the physical point of view since it induces the plasma heating mentioned before. One of the key results of this second part is the definition of a notion of weak jump through the interface inside the domain, which allows to characterize the decomposition of the limiting absorption solution into a regular and a singular parts
Tort, Jacques. "Problèmes inverses pour des équations paraboliques issues de modèles de climat". Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1649/.
Testo completoThis work aims at solving inverse issues in semilinear parabolic equations derived from the Budyko-Sellers climate model, which represents the evolution of the Earth's surface temperature during a long time period. A first step consists in studying an inverse problem in a one dimensional degenerate model on a meridian. In order to understand the consequences of boundary degeneracies, we have first investigated a one dimensional linear degenerate equation. We prove various Lipschitz stability results in the determination of a source term and a diffusive constant. We also solve an approximate controllability issue, putting a control at the degenerate boundary point. Eventually, we prove two Lipschitz stability results in the determination of the so-called insolation function, in both cases of the semilinear model on a meridian and the general semilinear equation posed on the Earth's surface
Delay, Erwann. "Prescription de courbures sur l'espace hyperbolique". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011944.
Testo completoPremière partie :
thème de la courbure scalaire conforme sur l'espace hyperbolique. Nous
apportons ici une étude fine du comportement asymptotique en toute
dimension. Nous traitons toujours d'équations semi-linéaires
générales, avant d'appliquer nos résultats au cas particulier de
l'équation géométrique.
Deuxième partie :
thème de la courbure de Ricci sur l'espace hyperbolique.
Nous obtenons le résultat suivant.
Sur la boule unité de $\R^n$, on considère la métrique
hyperbolique standard $H_0$, dont la courbure de Ricci vaut $R_0$
et la courbure de Riemann-Christoffel vaut ${\cal R}_0$.
Nous montrons qu'en dimension $n\geq10$, pour
tout tenseur symétrique $R$ voisin
de $R_0$, il existe une unique métrique $H$ voisine de $H_0$
dont la courbure de Ricci vaut $R$.
Nous en déduisons, dans le cadre $C^\infty$, que l'image
de l'opérateur de Riemann-Christoffel est une sous-variété
au voisinage de ${\cal R}_0$.
Nous traitons aussi dans cette partie de la courbure de Ricci contravariante
en toute dimension, du problème de Dirichlet à l'infini en dimension 2,
et de quelques obstructions.
Hatchi, Roméo. "Analyse mathématique de modèles de trafic routier congestionné". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090048/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of some models of congested road traffic. The essential notion is the Wardrop equilibrium. It continues Carlier and Santambrogio's works with coauthors. With Baillon they studied the case of two-dimensional cartesian networks that become very dense in the framework of $\Gamma$-convergence theory. Finding Wardrop equilibria is equivalent to solve convex minimisation problems.In Chapter 2 we look at what happens in the case of general networks, increasingly dense. New difficulties appear with respect to the original case of cartesian networks. To deal with these difficulties we introduce the concept of generalized curves. Structural assumptions on these sequences of discrete networks are necessary to obtain convergence. Sorts of Finsler distance are used and keep track of anisotropy of the network. We then have similar results to those in the cartesian case.In Chapter 3 we study the continuous model and in particular the limit problems. Then we find optimality conditions through a duale formulation that can be interpreted in terms of continuous Wardrop equilibria. However we work with generalized curves and we cannot directly apply Prokhorov's theorem, as in \cite{baillon2012discrete, carlier2008optimal}. To use it we consider a relaxed version of the limit problem with Young's measures. In Chapter 4 we focus on the long-term case, that is, we fix only the distributions of supply and demand. As shown in \cite{brasco2013congested} the problem of Wardrop equilibria can be reformulated in a problem à la Beckmann and reduced to solve an elliptic anisotropic and degenerated PDE. We use the augmented Lagrangian scheme presented in \cite{benamou2013augmented} to show a few numerical simulation examples. Finally Chapter 5 is devoted to studying Monge problems with as cost a Finsler distance. It leads to minimal flow problems. Discretization of these problems is equivalent to a saddle-point problem. We then solve it numerically again by an augmented Lagrangian algorithm