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1
Rendon, Paula, Bastian Steinhoff-Knopp, Philipp Saggau e Benjamin Burkhard. "Assessment of the relationships between agroecosystem condition and the ecosystem service soil erosion regulation in Northern Germany". PLOS ONE 15, n. 12 (7 dicembre 2020): e0234288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234288.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystems provide multiple services that are necessary to maintain human life. Agroecosystems are very productive suppliers of biomass-related provisioning ecosystem services, e.g. food, fibre, and energy. At the same time, they are highly dependent on good ecosystem condition and regulating ecosystem services such as soil fertility, water supply or soil erosion regulation. Assessments of this interplay of ecosystem condition and services are needed to understand the relationships in highly managed systems. Therefore, the aim of this study is twofold: First, to test the concept and indicators proposed by the European Union Working Group on Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) for assessing agroecosystem condition at a regional level. Second, to identify the relationships between ecosystem condition and the delivery of ecosystem services. For this purpose, we applied an operational framework for integrated mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services. We used the proposed indicators to assess the condition of agroecosystems in Northern Germany and regulating ecosystem service control of erosion rates. We used existing data from official databases to calculate the different indicators and created maps of environmental pressures, ecosystem condition and ecosystem service indicators for the Federal State of Lower Saxony. Furthermore, we identified areas within the state where pressures are high, conditions are unfavourable, and more sustainable management practices are needed. Despite the limitations of the indicators and data availability, our results show positive, negative, and no significant correlations between the different pressures and condition indicators, and the control of erosion rates. The idea behind the MAES framework is to indicate the general condition of an ecosystem. However, we observed that not all proposed indicators can explain to what extent ecosystems can provide specific ecosystem services. Further research on other ecosystem services provided by agroecosystems would help to identify synergies and trade-offs. Moreover, the definition of a reference condition, although complicated for anthropogenically highly modified agroecosystems, would provide a benchmark to compare information on the condition of the ecosystems, leading to better land use policy and management decisions.
2
Bennett, Elena M., Garry D. Peterson e Line J. Gordon. "Understanding relationships among multiple ecosystem services". Ecology Letters 12, n. 12 (21 ottobre 2009): 1394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01387.x.
3
Comberti, C., T. F. Thornton, V. Wyllie de Echeverria e T. Patterson. "Ecosystem services or services to ecosystems? Valuing cultivation and reciprocal relationships between humans and ecosystems". Global Environmental Change 34 (settembre 2015): 247–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.07.007.
4
Eamus, Derek, Catriona M. O. Macinnis-Ng, Grant C. Hose, Melanie J. B. Zeppel, Daniel T. Taylor e Brad R. Murray. "Ecosystem services: an ecophysiological examination". Australian Journal of Botany 53, n. 1 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04119.
Abstract (sommario):
This review aims to discuss ecosystem services, provide illustrative case studies at catchment and local scales and present future research needs. This review discusses the following: (1) Ecosystem services (ES) are those goods and services that are provided by or are attributes of ecosystems that benefit humans. Examples of ES include the timber derived from a forest, the prevention of soil and coastal erosion by vegetation and the amelioration of dryland salinity through prevention of rises in the water table by trees. The provision of ES globally is in decline because of a lack of awareness of the total economic value of ES in the public, policy and political fora. (2) Providing a scientific understanding of the relationships among ecosystem structure, function and provision of ES, plus determining actual economic value of ES, are the central challenges to environmental scientists (including triple-bottom-line economists). (3) Some ES are widely dispersed throughout many different ecosystems. Carbon accumulation in trees and the contribution of biodiversity to ES provision are two examples of highly dispersed attributes common to many ecosystems. In contrast, other ES are best considered within the context of a single defined ecosystem (although they may occur in other ecosystems too). Mangroves as ‘nursery’ sites for juvenile fish is one example. (4) Examples of catchment-scale and local-scale provision of ES are discussed, along with future research issues for the nexus between ES and environmental sciences.
5
Li, Boyan, Wei Wang e Yunchen Wang. "Identifying the relationships among multiple ecosystem services". Journal of Arid Environments 183 (dicembre 2020): 104265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2020.104265.
6
Renard, Delphine, Jeanine M. Rhemtulla e Elena M. Bennett. "Historical dynamics in ecosystem service bundles". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n. 43 (12 ottobre 2015): 13411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502565112.
Abstract (sommario):
Managing multiple ecosystem services (ES), including addressing trade-offs between services and preventing ecological surprises, is among the most pressing areas for sustainability research. These challenges require ES research to go beyond the currently common approach of snapshot studies limited to one or two services at a single point in time. We used a spatiotemporal approach to examine changes in nine ES and their relationships from 1971 to 2006 across 131 municipalities in a mixed-use landscape in Quebec, Canada. We show how an approach that incorporates time and space can improve our understanding of ES dynamics. We found an increase in the provision of most services through time; however, provision of ES was not uniformly enhanced at all locations. Instead, each municipality specialized in providing a bundle (set of positively correlated ES) dominated by just a few services. The trajectory of bundle formation was related to changes in agricultural policy and global trends; local biophysical and socioeconomic characteristics explained the bundles’ increasing spatial clustering. Relationships between services varied through time, with some provisioning and cultural services shifting from a trade-off or no relationship in 1971 to an apparent synergistic relationship by 2006. By implementing a spatiotemporal perspective on multiple services, we provide clear evidence of the dynamic nature of ES interactions and contribute to identifying processes and drivers behind these changing relationships. Our study raises questions about using snapshots of ES provision at a single point in time to build our understanding of ES relationships in complex and dynamic social-ecological systems.
7
Paul, Carola, Nick Hanley, Sebastian T. Meyer, Christine Fürst, Wolfgang W. Weisser e Thomas Knoke. "On the functional relationship between biodiversity and economic value". Science Advances 6, n. 5 (gennaio 2020): eaax7712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax7712.
Abstract (sommario):
Biodiversity’s contribution to human welfare has become a key argument for maintaining and enhancing biodiversity in managed ecosystems. The functional relationship between biodiversity (b) and economic value (V) is, however, insufficiently understood, despite the premise of a positive-concave bV relationship that dominates scientific and political arenas. Here, we review how individual links between biodiversity, ecosystem functions (F), and services affect resulting bV relationships. Our findings show that bV relationships are more variable, also taking negative-concave/convex or strictly concave and convex forms. This functional form is driven not only by the underlying bF relationship but also by the number and type of ecosystem services and their potential trade-offs considered, the effects of inputs, and the type of utility function used to represent human preferences. Explicitly accounting for these aspects will enhance the substance and coverage of future valuation studies and allow more nuanced conclusions, particularly for managed ecosystems.
8
Zhang, Yunlu, Tingting Su, Yue Ma, Yanyinuo Wang, Weiqi Wang, Niyi Zha e Ming Shao. "Forest ecosystem service functions and their associations with landscape patterns in Renqiu City". PLOS ONE 17, n. 4 (6 aprile 2022): e0265015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265015.
Abstract (sommario):
Forest ecosystems are crucial to the survival and development of human societies. Urbanization is expected to impact forest landscape patterns and consequently the supply of forest ecosystem services. However, the specific ways by which such impacts manifest are unclear. Therefore, to discuss the relationship between them is of great significance for realizing regional sustainable development. Here, we quantitatively assess the intensity of forest ecosystem service functions and forest landscape patterns in Renqiu City of China’s Hebei Province in 2019 using ArcGIS and FRAGSTATS. We characterize the relationships between forest ecosystem service capacity and landscape patterns, and identify strategies for the spatial optimization of forests. We find that the ecosystem service intensity of forests are significantly correlated with their spatial distribution, forest area ratio, and landscape patterns. Specifically, the percentage of landscape (PLAND) index, landscape shape index (LSI), and contagion (CONTAG) index indices display second-order polynomial relationships with various forest ecosystem service functions, with critical values of 80, 5, and 70, respectively. We propose that forest ecosystem functions can be optimized by optimizing forest landscape patterns. Specifically, to maximize the function of forest ecosystem services, managers should consider the integrity of forest ecosystems, optimize their ability to self-succession, repair service functions of key nodes within forests, enhance forests’ structural stability, optimize forest quality and community structure, and strengthen the efficiency of functional transformation per unit area. Finally, we propose a strategy for the spatial optimization of forests in Renqiu to optimize their associated ecosystem services. This involves protecting important areas for forest ecosystems, rationally organizing different ecological patches such as forests and water bodies to maximize their functions, strengthening the connectivity of scattered forests, and supplementing woodland areas.
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I. Igu, Nwabueze,, Chinero, N. Ayogu e Peter, I. Eburu. "Ecosystem Service Potentials and Underlying Influences in a Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem". Sustainability in Environment 8, n. 3 (9 giugno 2023): p20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v8n3p20.
Abstract (sommario):
Tropical ecosystems have vast array of ecosystem services but are largely un-quantified. This study explored the capacity of rainforest ecosystems to deliver ecosystem services and inherent influences that determine such. Forest plots measuring 50m × 50m were set up in 14 locations and used for tree enumeration. Soil samples were collected at four edges and middle of each plot at 0-30cm depth, bulked and analyzed. Aboveground, belowground and soil carbon, and biodiversity variables were equally conducted according to standard procedures. Pearson correlation and regression were used to verify aboveground and belowground carbon relationships and relationships between elevation and carbon capacities, respectively. 85 species within 32 families were enumerated across the ecosystem. Biodiversity patterns showed a diversity index of 3.376, relative dominance of Dialium guineense Willd., (54.34%) and seven other species with ? 1% dominance. Species within the ecosystem possessed provisioning and regulating ecosystem values. Carbon estimates showed aboveground biomass range of 1.73 – 6.50 t/ha-1, percentage soil carbon and soil organic carbon ranges of 4.76 – 8.80% and 17.78 – 91.3 t/ha-1, respectively. Elevation did not generally influence the carbon stock of the ecosystem, but had some influence on percentage soil carbon. Effective strategies that would address the reductions in the services were advocated.
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Thrush, Simon F., Judi E. Hewitt, Casper Kraan, A. M. Lohrer, Conrad A. Pilditch e Emily Douglas. "Changes in the location of biodiversity–ecosystem function hot spots across the seafloor landscape with increasing sediment nutrient loading". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, n. 1852 (12 aprile 2017): 20162861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2861.
Abstract (sommario):
Declining biodiversity and loss of ecosystem function threatens the ability of habitats to contribute ecosystem services. However, the form of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF) and how relationships change with environmental change is poorly understood. This limits our ability to predict the consequences of biodiversity loss on ecosystem function, particularly in real-world marine ecosystems that are species rich, and where multiple ecosystem functions are represented by multiple indicators. We investigated spatial variation in BEF relationships across a 300 000 m 2 intertidal sandflat by nesting experimental manipulations of sediment pore water nitrogen concentration into sites with contrasting macrobenthic community composition. Our results highlight the significance of many different elements of biodiversity associated with environmental characteristics, community structure, functional diversity, ecological traits or particular species (ecosystem engineers) to important functions of coastal marine sediments (benthic oxygen consumption, ammonium pore water concentrations and flux across the sediment–water interface). Using the BEF relationships developed from our experiment, we demonstrate patchiness across a landscape in functional performance and the potential for changes in the location of functional hot and cold spots with increasing nutrient loading that have important implications for mapping and predicating change in functionality and the concomitant delivery of ecosystem services.
11
Yu, Yuyang, Yunqiu Wang, Jing Li, Liqin Han e Shijie Zhang. "Optimizing Management of the Qinling–Daba Mountain Area Based on Multi-Scale Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand". Land 12, n. 9 (8 settembre 2023): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12091744.
Abstract (sommario):
Accurately identifying the supply and demand of ecosystem services at multiple scales and determining the factors that influence the supply–demand relationship are crucial for guiding the sustainable management and restoration of regional ecosystem services. In view of this, we quantified the supply and demand of five ecosystem services at multiple scales in the Qinling–Daba Mountain area based on spatial and statistical data, exploring the relationships between the supply and demand for ecosystem services at multiple scales and examining the mechanisms by which factors like natural and human activities affect the evolution of the supply and demand patterns of these services. The results show that (1) there was no risk associated with supply and demand of ESs in the Qinling–Daba Mountain area, and numerous ESs were in excess. The impact of ES supply and demand became increasingly clear as the spatial scale was increased. (2) Under multiple spatial scales, the relationship between the supply and demand of ESs will change. At the mesoscale, the relationship between ES supply and demand was the most significant, whereas at the macroscale, the relationship between ES demands was the most significant. (3) Cultivated land, grass land, and forest land are the key land use categories in regional ecosystem service hotspots, providing richer ecosystem service functions for the region. (4) Precipitation and NDVI are the main elements determining the supply of ecosystem services. While GDP and population density have a significant impact on the demand for ecosystem services, natural causes are primarily responsible for trade-offs in ecosystem services. This study aims to evaluate the supply–demand relationship and driving factors of multiple scale in the Qinling–Daba Mountains, providing a scientific basis for the sustainable management of ecosystems in the region.
12
Stoycheva, Vanya, e Davide Geneletti. "A review of regulating ecosystem services in the context of urban planning". Journal of the Bulgarian Geographical Society 48 (2 marzo 2023): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jbgs.e93499.
Abstract (sommario):
There is a high growing demand for regulating ecosystem services such as air quality regulation, regulation of air temperature and humidity, and flood regulation, in urban ecosystems which is important for urban planning. A comprehensive review of the current studies of the urban ecosystem, regulating ecosystem services, and their connection with urban planning actions is needed. The current paper presents such a review conducted in six stages to evaluate the state-of-the-art of regulating ecosystem services and their relationship with urban planning. It includes 58 papers selected after a precise keywords search and developed by publication screening, defining indicators, developing an assessment template, and meta-analysis of the results. The analyses are focused on spatial data used in the studies, the methods applied for ecosystem services assessment, and the relationships between regulating ecosystem services, urban planning, and green infrastructure. The most studied regulating ecosystem services within reviewed publications are regulation of chemical composition of atmosphere and oceans, regulation of temperature and humidity, including ventilation and transpiration, and hydrological cycle and water flow regulation (including flood control, and coastal protection). Although urban planning-related papers are only 1/3 of the pool of papers, appropriate results have been obtained for assessing the urban planning-regulating ecosystem services relation. The review also identified some significant knowledge gaps that can be used as a starting point for future studies.
13
Fang, Ying, Tianlin Zhai, Xiaodong Zhao, Kun Chen, Baishu Guo e Jing Wang. "Study on the Comprehensive Improvement of Ecosystem Services in a China’s Bay City for Spatial Optimization". Water 13, n. 15 (29 luglio 2021): 2072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13152072.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystem services are characterized by region and scale, and contribute to human welfare. Taking Yantai city, a typical bay city in China, as the example, its three representative ecosystem services: food supply (FS), carbon sequestration (CS) and water yield (WY) were chosen as study targets. Based on analyzation of six different aspects of the supply and variation characteristic of demand, this study tried to propose advices for comprehensive improvement of ecosystem services for spatial optimization. The results showed that: (1) ecosystem services supply was strong in central and southern areas of Yantai, while the northern coastal areas were relatively weak; (2) synergistic relationships were found of FS-CS, FS-WY and CS-WY both in 2009 and 2015, with the strongest one for FS-WY. Additionally, in the synergistic relationships, each pair of ecosystem services was dominated by one ecosystem service; (3) most of the three pairs of synergistic relationships had the tendency to strengthen with larger scales; (4) four ecosystem demands changing areas were observed and comprehensive improvement suggestions for them were proposed. This work provides a new attempt to improve ecosystem services based on its supply-demand relationship, which will give a baseline reference for related studies in Yantai city, as well as other similar bay cities.
14
Lyu, Xin, Xiaobing Li, Dongliang Dang, Huashun Dou, Kai Wang, Jirui Gong, Hong Wang e Shiliang Liu. "A Perspective on the Impact of Grassland Degradation on Ecosystem Services for the Purpose of Sustainable Management". Remote Sensing 14, n. 20 (13 ottobre 2022): 5120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14205120.
Abstract (sommario):
Grassland degradation seriously threatens the ability of grassland to provide ecosystem services. Grassland ecological restoration and sustainable management decision making depends on an accurate understanding of the impacts of grassland degradation on ecosystem services. Based on the assessment of grassland degradation and four key ecosystem services, including the net primary production (NPP), ecosystem carbon pool (EC), soil conservation (SC), and soil loss by wind (SL), the impacts of grassland degradation on ecosystem services and their relationships were analyzed. The impacts of climate change and grazing pressure on the relationship between grassland degradation and ecosystem services were revealed. Based on the “climate change and grazing pressure-grassland degradation-ecosystem services” network, the study puts forward specific suggestions on grassland ecological restoration and sustainable management under the premise of fully balancing ecological restoration and stakeholder relationships. The results showed that grassland degradation had a significant impact on ecosystem services and their relationships, but it varied with the types of ecosystem services. Although the degraded grassland in the study area has been in a state of recovery and ecosystem services have been improving in the past 20 years, the degradation of grassland in some areas has intensified, and there are still ecological risks, so it is necessary to continue to carry out ecological restoration work. On this basis, taking the local conditions into consideration, grassland ecological restoration and sustainable management policy suggestions were proposed. The study can provide a scientific reference for ecological protection and sustainable development in arid and semi-arid areas, and help to improve human well-being.
15
Felipe-Lucia, María R., Berta Martín-López, Sandra Lavorel, Luis Berraquero-Díaz, Javier Escalera-Reyes e Francisco A. Comín. "Ecosystem Services Flows: Why Stakeholders’ Power Relationships Matter". PLOS ONE 10, n. 7 (22 luglio 2015): e0132232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132232.
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Lee, Heera, e Sven Lautenbach. "A quantitative review of relationships between ecosystem services". Ecological Indicators 66 (luglio 2016): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.02.004.
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Feng, Jiayuan, Fusheng Chen, Fangran Tang, Fangchao Wang, Kuan Liang, Lingyun He e Chao Huang. "The Trade-Offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services in Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province, China". Forests 13, n. 3 (5 marzo 2022): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13030416.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystem services are directly related to human well-being. Previous studies showed that management policies and human activities alter the trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services. Taking effective measures to manage the trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services is essential to sustain ecological security and achieve a “win-win” situation between society and ecosystems. This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes of water yield, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration in the Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve from 2000 to 2020 based on the InVEST model. We distinguished spatial patterns of trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services using the correlation relationship analysis. Then we analyzed the response of ecosystem services relationships among different vegetation types and elevation bands. The results showed that water yield and carbon sequestration presented an overall upward trend, while soil conservation remained a marginal degradation. Rising ecosystem services were mainly in the central, western, and southeastern regions, and declining areas were mainly distributed in the midwestern and northeastern fringes. Synergies spatially dominated the interactions among water yield, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration, and the trade-offs were primarily concentrated in the northern, southern, and southwestern fringes. Among the different vegetation types, synergies dominated ecosystem services in broad-leaved forests, coniferous forests, mixed forests, and Moso bamboo forests and in grass. The trade-offs were gradually reduced with elevation. This study highlighted that trade-off of ecosystem services should be incorporated into ecological management policies, strengthening the effectiveness of nature reserves in protecting and improving China’s ecosystem services.
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Beauquier, Sophie, Rodolphe Gilbin, Yann Billarand, Jean-Marc Bonzom, Olivier Radakovitch, Felipe Ramirez Goni e Marie Simon-Cornu. "Strengths of ecosystem services concept for radiation protection". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 199, n. 8-9 (24 maggio 2023): 698–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad122.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems is still not really reflected in the current approaches for protecting public and environment against radiation promoted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection or other similar approaches. Yet some recent thoughts from international organizations lead us to believe that an eco-based approach could be more promoted in the coming years in environmental radiation protection field. The French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety has identified different fields of application of this concept into radiation protection, in line with its integrated approach of radiological risks management. As the ecosystem services approach makes it possible to highlight biophysical and socio-economic approaches of the impacts of ionizing radiation on ecosystems, it represents a subject of primary importance for future works conducted by IRSN. However, the operationality of the ecosystem services concept is the subject of many debates. In many situations, scientists have not yet fully understood how radioactive contamination could affect ecosystem services, and how to articulate with certainty cause and effect relationships between state of an ecosystem and provision of services. In addition, the concept is also accompanied by contradictory perceptions of the status of humans in ecosystems. To solve these knowledge gaps and uncertainties, it is necessary to acquire robust data on the impacts of radiation on ecosystems both under experimental and realistic conditions, and to integrate all potential consequences (direct and indirect, ecotoxicological but also economic and cultural).
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Benabou, Abdelkader, Said Moukrim, Said Laaribya, Abderrahman Aafi, Aissa Chkhichekh, Tayeb El Maadidi e Ahmed El Aboudi. "Mapping Ecosystem Services of Forest Stands: Case Study of Maamora, Morocco". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 15, n. 1 (28 marzo 2022): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-047.
Abstract (sommario):
The concept of ecosystem services (ES) is increasingly used to analyze the relationships and interactions between humans and nature. Understanding the ecosystem services’ flow and the ecosystems’ capacity to generate these services is an essential element in considering the sustainability of ecosystem uses and the development of ecosystem accounts. For such purpose, we conduct spatially explicit analyses of nine ecosystem services in the Maamora forest, Morocco. The ecosystem services included are timber and industry wood harvest, firewood harvest, cork gathering, forage production, acorn gathering, forest carbon storage, and recreational hiking. Results make it possible to distinguish between the forest capacity to provide ecosystem services from their current use (demand) and assess them quantitatively. It came out that both capacity and flow differ in spatial extent as well as in quantity. Distinguishing capacity and flow of ES also provided an estimate of over-or under-utilization of services, and offer the possibility to map the ecosystem service provision hotspots (SPA) and degraded SPHs. The respective assessment of capacity and flux in a space-explicit manner can therefore support the monitoring of the forest ecosystem use sustainability.
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Yang, Jie, Baopeng Xie, Wenqian Tao e Degang Zhang. "Ecosystem Services Assessment, Trade-Off, and Bundles in the Yellow River Basin, China". Diversity 13, n. 7 (8 luglio 2021): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13070308.
Abstract (sommario):
Understanding ecosystem services(ESs)and their interactions will help to formulate effective and sustainable land use management plans, and clarifying the balance and synergy between watershed ecosystem services can provide a basis for the regulation of the ecological environment in different regions of the watershed and the maximization of overall ecological benefits. This paper takes the Yellow River Basin as the research object and uses the Ecosystem Services and Trade Offs (InVEST)model to evaluate the water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC), carbon storage (CS) and habitat quality (HQ) of the Yellow River Basin. The paper adopts the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA)model to evaluate the net primary productivity (NPP), draws the spatial distribution map of the five ecosystems, analyzes the trade-off and synergy between the five ecosystems using correlation and binary spatial correlation, and expresses it in space. In addition, it adopts self-organizing mapping (SOM) method to identify ecosystem service clusters. The results show that: (1) ES is generally higher in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and lower in the middle reaches. (2) WY and NPP, HQ, CS and WY are trade-off relationships, and other ecosystem services are synergistic relationships. Trade-offs and synergy show obvious spatial heterogeneity. (3) The ecosystem services of the Yellow River Basin, driven by different factors, can be divided into three areas, namely WY and SC service leading functional areas, HQ and CS service leading functional areas, and NPP service leading functional areas. Finally, it discusses the driving factors of the spatial heterogeneity of the balance of the ecosystem service functions of the Yellow River Basin and the suggestions of land use management in the basin.
21
Qian, Dawen, Bo Fan, Yuting Lan, Mengke Si, Qian Li e Xiaowei Guo. "Ecosystem Service Relationships, Drivers, and Regulation Strategies in a Degraded Alpine Shrub Meadow on the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau". Diversity 15, n. 5 (26 aprile 2023): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15050596.
Abstract (sommario):
One of the challenges of managing grasslands sustainably is the conflict between the different ecosystem services they provide. This is especially evident in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) region, where fragile alpine ecosystems make balancing the needs of grassland conservation and development difficult. However, our current understanding of the relationships and drivers of ecosystem services in degraded alpine shrub meadows on the QTP is insufficient. To address this, we studied forage provisioning and water retention services in a degraded alpine shrub meadow in the northeastern QTP. We analyzed the changes and relationships between these services at different levels of degradation and identified those factors that influenced ecosystem service relationships. The results showed that the forage supply service and the water retention service of the alpine shrub meadow increased and decreased by 23.6% and 27.07%, respectively, due to degradation. The trade-offs between these two services varied depending on the degree of degradation, with light and moderate degradation showing a preference for water retention service, and heavy and extreme degradation showing a preference for forage supply. Water retention was constrained by forage supply and both services showed an exponential function form of decay. The physical and chemical properties of the soil in the alpine shrub meadow remained relatively stable during the degradation process, with only soil organic carbon (SOC), total potassium (TK), and total nitrogen (TN) decreasing significantly. SOC may have indirectly influenced the relationship between the two services by affecting water retention. This study provides insights into alpine shrub meadow management and conservation on the QTP.
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Miroshnyk, N. V. "Green infrastructure, urbanization and ecosystem services – relationships in a megalopolis". Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 33 (1 settembre 2023): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1581.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim. Analyzed the relationship between urbanization and ecosystem services of green spaces in the metropolis, identified risks and promising ways to improve management. Methods. Methods of comparative analysis, classification, ranking of impacts were used. Results. The relationship between urbanization and ecosystem services of green spaces has been studied on the example of the urban ecosystem of Kyiv. The risks of fragmentation, destruction, adventization, underground infrastructure, hydrological regime, and unsuccessful management was analyzed. The characteristics of urbanization and climate change for the urban ecosystem of Kyiv was presented. Conclusions. In the long term, improving the quality of green infrastructure ecosystem services can be achieved by reducing artificial surfaces, increasing forest areas and parks within the city, possibly through new technologies for vertical gardening, green roofs, rooftop parks, and economic incentives for the conservation of multi-tiered plantings of a large area. It is necessary to create continuous ecological networks of green spaces within the state, unite fragmented biotopes and preserve unique biodiversity, maintain regional environmental security.
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Zhang, Qiongrui, Linyishu Yang e Songjun Xu. "The Relationships of Supporting Services and Regulating Services in National Forest City". Forests 13, n. 9 (27 agosto 2022): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091368.
Abstract (sommario):
The establishment of national forest city (NFC) is to regulate the urban climate and realize the integrated development of urban and rural areas. We explored the changes and relationships between ecosystem supporting services and regulating services before and after the construction of NFC in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration (PRD). InVEST and CASA models were used to evaluate five ecosystem services (ESs), and correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ESs. The results showed that (1) Construction land increased significantly from 2005 to 2020, while cultivated land decreased the most, followed by woodland. (2) All ESs except NPP decreased from 2005 to 2020 in the PRD. (3) There was a synergistic relationship between supporting service and regulating service, and their internal services are positively correlated. This study proved the guaranteed effect of supporting services on regulating services, and we found that the construction of NFC can restrain the decline of ESs. Based on the above results, we proposed nature- based solutions for the development of forest cities.
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Chang, Lei, Zhibo Zhao, Lixin Jiang e Yuefen Li. "Quantifying the Ecosystem Services of Soda Saline-Alkali Grasslands in Western Jilin Province, NE China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 8 (14 aprile 2022): 4760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084760.
Abstract (sommario):
This study aimed to quantitatively describe the ecosystem services of soda saline-alkali grasslands based on literature research, the InVEST model, a transition matrix, and Spearman’s correlation analysis. The chosen methodology could provide insight into the relationships between different services to provide empirical evidence for decision-making concerning the protection and restoration of saline-alkali grasslands. The research provided several insights into the ecological situation in western Jilin Province. First, the area of saline-alkali grassland in western Jilin Province had noticeably decreased from 1990 to 2018. Moreover, the threat of grassland degradation in western Jilin Province has increased year by year, and has become the main problem facing the ecological environment of this region. Second, the results demonstrated how the amount of grassland area, and coverage, are intricately linked to the provided ecosystem services, and maintaining the stability of ecosystem services is the basis for future efforts to increase grassland area and coverage. A trade-off relationship exists between water supply services and other ecosystem services, which indirectly confirms a climatic cause for grassland salinization in western Jilin Province. The analyses identified various types of grassland ecosystem service hotspots, but the share of hotspots representing all four assessed ecosystem services was small; this indicates that the grassland ecosystem of western Jilin Province is of generally poor quality. In conclusion, increasing grassland salinization has reduced vegetation coverage, which leads to the degradation of the grassland ecosystem and, in turn, affects the relationships between various ecosystem services.
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Boulton, Andrew J., Graham D. Fenwick, Peter J. Hancock e Mark S. Harvey. "Biodiversity, functional roles and ecosystem services of groundwater invertebrates". Invertebrate Systematics 22, n. 2 (2008): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is07024.
Abstract (sommario):
Recent surveys of groundwater invertebrates (stygofauna) worldwide are yielding rich troves of biodiversity, with significant implications for invertebrate systematists and phylogeneticists as well as ecologists and groundwater managers. What is the ecological significance of this high biodiversity of invertebrates in some aquifers? How might it influence groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification or bioremediation? In terrestrial ecosystems, biodiversity is typically positively correlated with rates of ecosystem functions beneficial to humans (e.g. crop pollination). However, the links between biodiversity, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services in groundwater are unknown. In some aquifers, feeding, movement and excretion by diverse assemblages of stygofauna potentially enhance groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification, bioremediation and water infiltration. Further, as specific taxa apparently play ‘keystone’ roles in facilitating ecosystem services, declines in abundance or even their extinction have serious repercussions. One way to assess the functional significance of biodiversity is to identify ‘ecosystem service providers’, characterise their functional relationships, determine how service provision is affected by community structure and environmental variables, and measure the spatio-temporal scales over which these operate. Examples from Australian and New Zealand alluvial aquifers reveal knowledge gaps in understanding the functional importance of most stygofauna, hampering effective protection of currently undervalued groundwater ecosystem services.
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Poikolainen, Laura, Guilherme Pinto, Petteri Vihervaara, Benjamin Burkhard, Franzeska Wolff, Reima Hyytiäinen e Timo Kumpula. "GIS and land cover-based assessment of ecosystem services in the North Karelia Biosphere Reserve, Finland". Fennia - International Journal of Geography 197, n. 2 (15 novembre 2019): 249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.80331.
Abstract (sommario):
Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, ecosystems and their services are key principles behind the establishment of “Biosphere Reserves”. Mapping of ecosystem services is one of the activities that is expected to increase the knowledge of sustainable land use planning. The Biosphere Reserves, established by the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Programme, aims to find the balance between nature conservation, use of natural resources, recreation and other culture-related activities. For this purpose, the ecosystem services approach is a promising tool for examining the relationships between people and nature in practice. This study applies the ecosystem services approach and examines which ecosystem services are perceived to be relevant in the North Karelia Biosphere Reserve in Eastern Finland. The results of a matrix method, with expert-based approach, showed that particularly old-growth forests and undrained open and forested mires have a broader potential to provide different ecosystem services. Water and urban areas are considered important for cultural services. However, these areas cover only a relatively small area altogether. The results of the ecosystem services assessment were compared to areas of high biodiversity, as defined by local biodiversity experts. The areas with high capacity for ecosystem services provision (from now on “high ecosystem services areas”) were found in areas with high biodiversity. In most cases, these areas are already under protection. The results also showed that ambiguity is an issue with the use of the ecosystem services concept in both stakeholder and expert evaluations.
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Pedersen Zari, Maibritt. "Biomimetic Urban and Architectural Design: Illustrating and Leveraging Relationships between Ecosystem Services". Biomimetics 6, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6010002.
Abstract (sommario):
Redesigning and retrofitting cities so they become complex systems that create ecological and cultural–societal health through the provision of ecosystem services is of critical importance. Although a handful of methodologies and frameworks for considering how to design urban environments so that they provide ecosystem services have been proposed, their use is not widespread. A key barrier to their development has been identified as a lack of ecological knowledge about relationships between ecosystem services, which is then translated into the field of spatial design. In response, this paper examines recently published data concerning synergetic and conflicting relationships between ecosystem services from the field of ecology and then synthesises, translates, and illustrates this information for an architectural and urban design context. The intention of the diagrams created in this research is to enable designers and policy makers to make better decisions about how to effectively increase the provision of various ecosystem services in urban areas without causing unanticipated degradation in others. The results indicate that although targets of ecosystem services can be both spatially and metrically quantifiable while working across different scales, their effectiveness can be increased if relationships between them are considered during design phases of project development.
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Meng, Qingxiang, Likun Zhang, Hejie Wei, Enxiang Cai, Dong Xue e Mengxue Liu. "Linking Ecosystem Service Supply–Demand Risks and Regional Spatial Management in the Yihe River Basin, Central China". Land 10, n. 8 (11 agosto 2021): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080843.
Abstract (sommario):
The continuous supply of ecosystem services is the foundation of the sustainable development of human society. The identification of the supply–demand relationships and risks of ecosystem services is of considerable importance to the management of regional ecosystems and the effective allocation of resources. This paper took the Yihe River Basin as the research area and selected water yield, carbon sequestration, food production, and soil conservation to assess changes in the supply and demand of ecosystem services and their matching status from 2000 to 2018. Risk identification and management zoning were also conducted. Results show the following: (1) The spatial distribution of the four ecosystems service supply and demand in the Yihe River Basin was mismatched. The food production supply levels in the middle and lower reaches and the upstream water yield, carbon sequestration, and soil conservation supply levels were high. However, most of the areas with high demand for ecosystem services were concentrated downstream. (2) From 2000 to 2018, the supply of water yield and carbon sequestration in the Yihe River Basin decreased, while that of food production and soil conservation increased. The demand for the four ecosystem services also increased. (3) Water yield faced considerable supply–demand risks. Fifty percent of the sub-basins were at a high-risk level, and the risk areas were concentrated in the middle and lower reaches. The three remaining services were mainly at low-risk levels. The Yihe River Basin was divided into eight types of supply–demand risk spatial management zones based on the ecosystem service supply and demand levels, which will help promote refined regional ecosystem management and sustainable development. The supply and demand assessment of ecosystem services from a risk perspective can integrate the information of natural ecosystems and socio-economic systems and provide scientific support for watershed spatial management.
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Sun, Yingying, Dianfeng Liu e Peng Wang. "Urban simulation incorporating coordination relationships of multiple ecosystem services". Sustainable Cities and Society 76 (gennaio 2022): 103432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103432.
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Narykova, A. N., e A. S. Plotnikova. "MAPPING OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCH". FOREST SCIENCE ISSUES 5, n. 3 (30 settembre 2022): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202252-110.
Abstract (sommario):
The concept of ecosystem services (ES) has aroused interest among researchers around the world with the growing anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems. The meaning of the concept is taking into consideration the ecosystem functions during making decisions and ensuring sustainable development. Mapping of ES is crucial for territorial representation of ecosystem services, spatial analysis, dynamic changes detection, relationships between ecosystem elements, etc. The goal of the study is to review global scientific literature of mapping ecosystem services at the local level. The paper describes the aims, input datasets, types of mapping, and methods of 19 scientific publications. A summary contains a brief description of the initial data and the methods used. Cartographic material has been prepared to show the research geography on a world map. The most popular groups of ecosystem services for scholars have been identified. More than 39% of the mapped ES belong to the regulating services. Global land cover and land use maps are often used as input data for modeling and mapping. Regression models and software-based models (InVEST, KINEROS, etc) are more frequent among the methods for the ES assessment and mapping. Specially protected natural areas, as well as vulnerable mountain, river, and coastal ecosystems are primary objects of research. The study of ES in Russia is also confined to protected areas. Mapping of ecosystem functions and services of local objects is mostly developed in European countries.
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Ren, Binyu, Qianfeng Wang, Rongrong Zhang, Xiaozhen Zhou, Xiaoping Wu e Qing Zhang. "Assessment of Ecosystem Services: Spatio-Temporal Analysis and the Spatial Response of Influencing Factors in Hainan Province". Sustainability 14, n. 15 (26 luglio 2022): 9145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159145.
Abstract (sommario):
The impact of human activities on ecosystems is receiving increasing attention because their mechanisms of action are complex; the spatial response of ecosystem service drivers still needs to be explored further. This study evaluated three ecosystem services—water yield, soil conservation, and carbon storage—in Hainan Province from 2000 to 2020; we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes of the ecosystem services, and the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors. The results were as follows: (1) The average water yield, soil conservation and carbon storage of Hainan Province from 2000 to 2020 were 42.36 billion, 8.01×108 t and 1.52 × 107 t, respectively. Overall, the ecosystem services were relatively weak at lower elevations. (2) There were obvious hot spots and cold spots in the water yield and soil conservation, and the hot spot distribution of carbon storage was not obvious. (3) There were differences between the ecosystem services for different land use types; trade-off relationships only appeared between unused land and ecosystem services. (4) The precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index and elevation factors had great impacts on the ecosystem services. Most of the human activity factors showed a significant nonlinear enhancement effect during their interaction. Population and elevation had obvious spatial differentiation effects on the water yield and carbon storage services.
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Tanács, Eszter, Ágnes Vári, Ákos Bede-Fazekas, András Báldi, Edina Csákvári, Anett Endrédi, Veronika Fabók et al. "Finding the Green Grass in the Haystack? Integrated National Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Condition in Hungary, in Support of Conservation and Planning". Sustainability 15, n. 11 (23 maggio 2023): 8489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118489.
Abstract (sommario):
Human well-being needs healthy ecosystems, providing multiple ecosystem services. Therefore, the assessment of ecosystems on large scales is a priority action. In Hungary, this work (MAES-HU) took place between 2016 and 2022. Twelve ecosystem services (ES) were mapped and assessed along with several ecosystem condition (EC) indicators. Their integrated spatial analysis aimed to identify patterns of ES multifunctionality, reveal relationships between EC and ES and delineate ES bundles. The results show outstanding multifunctionality of natural ecosystem types compared with the more artificial types, emphasizing the importance of natural areas in order to fulfil human needs. Native forests provide the most varied range of services, which underlines the importance of forest management to consider multiple services. There is a positive correlation between condition and multifunctionality in forests; areas in better condition (in terms of species composition and structure) provide more services at an outstanding level. ES bundles mainly reflect the major ecosystem types, topography and forest condition. Our analysis represents an example of synthesizing national MAES results with a combination of methods. Finding ES hotspots on a national scale and connecting them with an assessment of EC may help in finding optimal strategies to balance conservation targets and competing land uses.
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BASKENT, Emin Zeki. "A Framework for Characterizing and Regulating Ecosystem Services in a Management Planning Context". Forests 11, n. 1 (14 gennaio 2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010102.
Abstract (sommario):
Sustainable management promises to improve the conservation and utilization of ecosystem services and their contribution to human wellbeing through management plans. This paper explores the concept of characterization and integration of ecosystem services in a management planning concept. The integration process involves the identification, quantification, valuation, assessment, and monitoring of ecosystem services over time. The quantification of common ecosystem services, such as soil erosion, water conservation, recreation, biodiversity conservation, and carbon sequestration was explored. A framework was developed to integrate ecosystem services into management planning process. Ecosystem services are classified as provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services with a defined typology. The conceptual framework acts as an organizing structure and it serves as a model for the management of ecosystems with their contribution to human wellbeing. Ecosystem management with multi-criteria decision techniques, information technologies and a structured participation is a proposed approach for the sustainable management of ecological, economic, and socio-cultural functions. Establishing the quantitative relationships between ecosystem services and societal benefits is essential. The provision of a universally accepted clear measurement of regulating, supporting, and cultural services is challenging. A commitment, vision, and strong willingness are required to adopt policies, regulations, and management objectives in planning. Integration can only be realized with prioritizing ecosystem services with the involvement of stakeholders. Substantial understanding of both the ecological and social systems is a prerequisite for sustainable management of ecosystem services. The ecosystem services with significant benefits to the wellbeing of society should primarily be characterized, their relative importance be weighted, and prioritized through a participatory approach. A holistic approach with a comprehensive decision support system is essential in forecasting the future provision of ecosystem services and assessing the trade-off analysis, resulting in better policy formulation before on-the-ground implementation.
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Mo, Rongjian, Yongqi Wang, Yanhua Mo, Lu Li e Jiangming Ma. "The Trade-Offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services in Pinus massoniana Lamb. Plantations in Guangxi, China". Forests 14, n. 3 (15 marzo 2023): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030581.
Abstract (sommario):
A scientific understanding of the synergistic and trade-off relationships among ecosystem services (ESs) is essential for maintaining the structure, function, and health of plantation forest ecosystems. This understanding facilitates effective ecosystem management practices, and helps identify the types, intensities, and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of interactions among ESs, which is critical for regional development planning, ecological supplementation, and the maximization of economic benefits. In this study, we used correlation analysis, bivariate spatial autocorrelation, and hot spot analysis to comprehensively analyze the synergistic and trade-off relationships between ESs in Pinus massoniana (PM) plantations in Guangxi Paiyang Forest Farm from 2009 to 2018, across both time and space. The study showed that the ESs in PM plantations in Guangxi Paiyang Forest Farm maintained significant positive correlation (synergy), with a mutually reinforcing relationship among services. Notably, the regulating services shifted from weak synergy to weak trade-off relationships over time. From the bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis, it is clear that the overall trade-off synergistic relationship among the four ESs is basically consistent with the correlation analysis results. From the distribution of multiple ES hot spots, we determined that the number of small groups that can provide three to four service hot spots in Guangxi Paiyangshan Forest Farm is greater. The spatial distribution of cold–hot spots of various ESs varied, and the distribution of cold–hot spots of supply services and regulation services of carbon sequestration and oxygen release was similar.
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Tundisi, JG, T. Matsumura-Tundisi e JEM Tundisi. "Reservoirs and human well being: new challenges for evaluating impacts and benefits in the neotropics". Brazilian Journal of Biology 68, n. 4 suppl (novembre 2008): 1133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842008000500020.
Abstract (sommario):
As in many other continents, neotropical ecosystems are impacted by the construction of reservoirs. These artificial ecosystems change considerably the natural terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and their biodiversity. The multiple uses of reservoirs promote benefits for the human beings in terms of economic development, income, jobs and employment. Services of reservoirs are important assets for the regional ecosystem. Evaluation of ecosystem services produced by artificial reservoirs, are new challenges to the understanding of the cost/benefit relationships of reservoir construction in the neotropics. Regulating and other services promoted by reservoirs lead to new trends for "green technology" and the implementation of ecohydrological and ecotechnological developments. This approach can be utilized with better success as a substitute for the usual impact/benefit evaluation of the reservoirs. Better and diversified services can be achieved with "green technology" applied to the construction.
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Yan, Yujiang, Jiangui Li, Junli Li e Teng Jiang. "Spatio-Temporal Measurement and Driving Factor Analysis of Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Synergy in the Kaidu–Kongque River Basin, Xinjiang, China". Sustainability 15, n. 16 (9 agosto 2023): 12164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612164.
Abstract (sommario):
The arid ecosystem of the endorheic basin is a complex, integrated ecosystem with diverse functions and significant regional differences. However, measuring the trade-off relationships and external driving mechanisms of the ecosystem services in arid inland basins has always been a challenging task in terms of geography, ecology, and economics. In this study, we utilized meteorological data, land-use and land-cover data, and vegetation NDVI to estimate the five ecosystem services, namely, food supply, water yield, carbon sequestration, habitat quality, and windbreak and sand-fixation supply services, using the RWEQ and InVEST models in the Kaidu–Kongque River Basin, Xinjiang. Bivariate spatial local autocorrelation analysis was employed to measure the trade-off/synergy relationships between these ecosystem services, and GeoDetector was used to identify the impact of the natural environment and human activities on the trade-off relationships between ecosystem services. The results show the following: (1) In the past three decades, all five ecosystem services in the Kaidu–Kongque River Basin increased, with the food supply service being the largest (66.37%), followed by the windbreak and sand-fixation service, with a continuous upward trend of 51.84%. (2) The spatial distribution and pattern changes of each ES exhibit notable spatial heterogeneity, with high-value areas for food supply and carbon-sequestration services situated in the basin’s middle reaches with high vegetation cover. Meanwhile, high-value areas for water yield, habitat quality, and windbreak and sand-fixation services are located in Hejing County, upstream of the basin. (3) The trade-offs and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services were explored, with most showing significant correlations at the 0.01 level, and synergistic relationships were predominantly found. (4) The contribution of each ecosystem service was primarily attributable to natural factors rather than human factors. Furthermore, land use/cover type emerged as the dominant factor for spatial differentiation in the integrated ecosystem services of the watershed, followed by elevation and rainfall. By elucidating the trade-offs, spatial heterogeneity, and formation mechanisms of ecosystem services, this study provides a scientific basis for regional ecological planning. Additionally, the study holds practical significance for devising “win-win” policies for regional economic development and ecological balance.
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Wu, Xueqing, Lele Zhang, Liming Gao, Yankun Li e Xuanchen Liu. "Change and Tradeoff/Synergy Analysis of Watershed Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Qinghai Lake Basin". Sustainability 15, n. 15 (28 luglio 2023): 11711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511711.
Abstract (sommario):
Understanding the tradeoffs/synergies between ecosystems is crucial to effective watershed ecosystem management and sustainable development. In this study, the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) models were utilized to estimate four ecosystem services (ESs), including water conservation capacity, soil retention, habitat quality, and carbon storage services, in Qinghai Lake Basin between 2000 and 2018. Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) and tradeoffs/synergies criterion (TSC) were used to reveal the relationships between the ESs. The results show that the water conservation capacity, soil retention, habitat quality, and carbon storage service in Qinghai Lake Basin all increased between 2000 and 2018. TSC and LISA revealed that carbon storage and habitat quality, habitat quality and water conservation capacity, and carbon storage and soil retention had the same relationship, as did habitat quality and soil retention. In addition, LISA showed that the relationships between ESs are mainly based on high high clusters that concentrate in the middle of the basin. The analysis also revealed obvious spatial heterogeneity. This study aims to compensate the research deficiencies that affected previous studies of the Qinghai Lake Basin and provide a point of reference for the sustainable development of the basin.
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Wang, Wenjing, Tong Wu, Yuanzheng Li, Shilin Xie, Baolong Han, Hua Zheng e Zhiyun Ouyang. "Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”". Sustainability 12, n. 16 (18 agosto 2020): 6675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166675.
Abstract (sommario):
The population aggregation and built-up area expansion caused by urbanization can have significant impacts on the supply and distribution of crucial ecosystem services. The correlation between urbanization and ecosystem services has been well-studied, but additional research is needed to better understand the spatiotemporal interactions between ecosystem services and urbanization processes in highly urbanized areas as well as surrounding rural areas. In this paper, the relationships of urbanization with natural habitat and three key regulating ecosystem services—water retention, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration, were quantified and mapped for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), a rapidly developing urban agglomeration of over 70 million people, for the period of 2000–2018. Our results showed that urbanization caused a general decline in ecosystem services, and urbanization and ecosystem services exhibited a negative spatial correlation. However, this relationship varied along urban-rural gradients and weak decoupling was the overall trend during the course of the study period, indicating a greater need for the protection and improvement of ecosystem services. Our results provide instructive insights for new urbanization planning to maintain regional ecosystem services and sustainable development in the GBA and other large, rapidly urbanized agglomerations.
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Niu, Teng, Jiaxin Yu, Depeng Yue, Linzhe Yang, Xueqing Mao, Yahui Hu e Qianqian Long. "The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Ecosystem Service Synergy/Trade-Offs Based on Ecological Units". Forests 12, n. 8 (26 luglio 2021): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12080992.
Abstract (sommario):
“Two ecological barriers and three shelters” (TEBTS), which has the effect of relieving ecological pressure, is the national ecological security pattern in China. Calculating the value of TEBTS ecosystem services, clarifying the synergy/trade-off relationships between ecosystem services, and maximizing the value of regional ecosystem services are of great significance for maintaining the security of the ecological civilization. At present, the research on ecosystem service synergy/trade-off has become the frontier field of ecology and related disciplines at home and abroad, and many research results have been obtained. However, there is still room and significance for continuing research to think about the synergy/trade-off relationship of ecosystems from the perspective of temporal and spatial heterogeneity: clarifying the spatial scope and spatial transmission characteristics of ecosystem service synergy/trade-off; exploring the trend of ecosystem service synergy/trade-off, and simulating the dynamic characteristics of natural factors affecting ecosystem services; and analyzing the characteristics of different spatial attributes that lead to the synergy/trade-off of ecosystem services. In this study, the Songhua River Basin (SRB), where the NFB is located, is used as the research area, the ecosystem services are simulated through the ecosystem assessment model, ecological unit (EU) is constructed as a research carrier, which is used to define the spatial scope of ecosystem services, and the influence of spatial characteristics and attribute characteristics on the change trend of the ecosystem service synergy/trade-off relationship is analyzed. The research found that water retention, soil conservation, and biodiversity did not change much from 2000 to 2015, and these ecosystem services have a greater value in the NFZ. The amount of carbon sequestration increased rapidly from 2010 to 2015. Crop production showed an increasing trend year by year. As the main grain production area, the Songnen Plain provides the main crop production function, which is greatly affected by humans. In the spatial characteristic, water retention, soil sequestration, and biodiversity present a very significant synergistic relationship, which is manifested in the obvious high-value aggregation characteristics in the NFZ, and crop production and the other four types of ecosystem services are in a trade-off relationship. At the time scale, the four types of ecosystem services, including water retention, soil conservation, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration, are synergistic, and crop production and water retention are synergistic. The vegetation types exhibiting a synergy/trade-off relationship are mainly broad-leaved forests, and the soil types are mainly luvisols and phaeozems. These EUs are mainly distributed in the NFZ and have spatial topological characteristics: the area and circumference of these EUs are smaller, the radius of gyration is also significantly smaller than that of other EUs, and the shape is more regular. By focusing on the spatial aggregation characteristics and changing trends of the ecosystem service synergy/trade-off and clarifying the influencing factors of the ecosystem service synergy/trade-off, the ecosystem services can be integrated, and the ecosystem can be optimized. Thus, the value of regional ecosystem services can be maximized, and a certain data foundation and theoretical support can be provided for major projects, such as ecological restoration and ecological environment governance, which is of great significance for improving the pattern of ecological security.
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Cebrián-Piqueras, M. A., A. Filyushkina, D. N. Johnson, V. B. Lo, M. D. López-Rodríguez, H. March, E. Oteros-Rozas et al. "Scientific and local ecological knowledge, shaping perceptions towards protected areas and related ecosystem services". Landscape Ecology 35, n. 11 (11 settembre 2020): 2549–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01107-4.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Context Most protected areas are managed based on objectives related to scientific ecological knowledge of species and ecosystems. However, a core principle of sustainability science is that understanding and including local ecological knowledge, perceptions of ecosystem service provision and landscape vulnerability will improve sustainability and resilience of social-ecological systems. Here, we take up these assumptions in the context of protected areas to provide insight on the effectiveness of nature protection goals, particularly in highly human-influenced landscapes. Objectives We examined how residents’ ecological knowledge systems, comprised of both local and scientific, mediated the relationship between their characteristics and a set of variables that represented perceptions of ecosystem services, landscape change, human-nature relationships, and impacts. Methods We administered a face-to-face survey to local residents in the Sierra de Guadarrama protected areas, Spain. We used bi- and multi-variate analysis, including partial least squares path modeling to test our hypotheses. Results Ecological knowledge systems were highly correlated and were instrumental in predicting perceptions of water-related ecosystem services, landscape change, increasing outdoors activities, and human-nature relationships. Engagement with nature, socio-demographics, trip characteristics, and a rural–urban gradient explained a high degree of variation in ecological knowledge. Bundles of perceived ecosystem services and impacts, in relation to ecological knowledge, emerged as social representation on how residents relate to, understand, and perceive landscapes. Conclusions Our findings provide insight into the interactions between ecological knowledge systems and their role in shaping perceptions of local communities about protected areas. These results are expected to inform protected area management and landscape sustainability.
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Wang, Kelin, Chunhua Zhang, Hongsong Chen, Yueming Yue, Wei Zhang, Mingyang Zhang, Xiangkun Qi e Zhiyong Fu. "Karst landscapes of China: patterns, ecosystem processes and services". Landscape Ecology 34, n. 12 (28 ottobre 2019): 2743–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00912-w.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Context The karst region of southwestern China, one of the largest continuous karsts in the world, is known for its unique landscapes and rich biodiversity. This region has suffered severe environmental degradation (e.g., vegetation cover loss, soil erosion and biodiversity loss). In recent decades, Chinese governments at different levels have initiated several ecological programs (e.g., Green for Grain, Mountain Closure) to restore the degraded environment and to alleviate poverty. Objectives This study summarizes landscape studies of karst landscapes patterns, their dynamics and interactions among landscape pattern, hydrological processes and ecosystem services (ES). Methods We conducted a systematic literature review of science and land use policy to identify knowledge gaps and recommend future research and policy directions. Results Karst landscapes have experienced rapid turnover in recent decades due largely to the overlap of intense human activity on the fragile karst ecosystems. Many studies have comprehensively examined hydrology, soil processes and ecosystem services (ES) and their relationships with landscape pattern. Most of these studies have found that karst ecosystems recover with improved ES. However, the importance of epikarst in hydrological and soil processes, intense anthropogenic disturbance and landscape heterogeneity in landscape models remains elusive. Conclusions Future research should focus on in-depth examination and modelling of karst specific hydrological and soil processes, investigating relationships between climatic change, landscape change, ecological processes, and region-specific ES assessments. Results from such research should provide the necessary scientific support for a comprehensive, national karst rocky desertification treatment project (Stage II) and poverty alleviation initiatives.
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Wei, Jiaxin, Ang Hu, Xiaoyu Gan, Xiaodan Zhao e Ying Huang. "Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Ecosystem Service Trade-Off and Synergy Relationships in the Western Sichuan Plateau, China". Forests 13, n. 11 (4 novembre 2022): 1845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111845.
Abstract (sommario):
Clarifying the complex relationships among ecosystem services (ESs) and the driving mechanisms of ecosystem service (ES) is essential for supporting regional ES and ecological sustainability. Although studies on ES relationships provide guidance for regional ecological management, the driving mechanisms of ES have not been adequately studied, especially in areas with complex natural environments and progressive urbanization. Combined with the data on land use, climate, NDVI, and soil data, this paper aims to explore this issue by analyzing the relationships among ESs and the driving mechanisms of ESs in the western Sichuan Plateau region of China. Firstly, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of five ecosystem services (food supply, water supply, habitat quality, soil conservation, and carbon storage) from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed by the InVEST model. Second, the trade-offs/synergistic relationships among ESs were analyzed using SPSS as well as the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient method in MATLAB. Finally, the Geodetector model was further used to reveal the influencing factors of ecosystem services in the western Sichuan Plateau. The results showed that: (1) Water supply decreased in the western Sichuan Plateau from 2000 to 2020, but increased in the eastern part; habitat quality was generally good in the whole Sichuan Plateau, but decreased in some areas; carbon storage showed an overall improving trend; soil conservation showed an overall increasing and then decreasing trend, and food supply services showed an increasing trend. (2) From 2000 to 2020, food supply and other services in the western Sichuan Plateau were in a trade-off relationship; all other service pairs showed a synergistic relationship. (3) In terms of space, the relationships between ecosystem services showed spatial heterogeneity. There was a synergistic relationship between food supply and habitat quality in some areas, such as Litang County and Xinlong County, and there was a trade-off relationship between water supply and carbon storage services in some areas, such as Ruoergai County and Daocheng County, etc. (4) The Geodetector results showed that food supply and soil conservation were mainly influenced by the slope (0.682, 0.672), annual precipitation was the strongest explanation for water supply (0.967), and habitat quality and carbon storage were the most influenced by NDVI (0.876, 0.828); meanwhile, each ecosystem service was interactively influenced by multiple factors. Based on the results, we proposed ecological management recommendations for the western Sichuan Plateau, the most important one being that the western Sichuan Plateau should protect and rationally use the existing natural resources, especially the existing forest and grassland resources, and at the same time reform the agricultural structure and scientifically plan urban development, to promote the coexistence of cities and nature. We took the western Sichuan Plateau of China, where urbanization and a complex natural environment are in opposition, as an example, to explore its ecosystem services, relationships, and driving mechanisms, and then put forward suggestions on ecological management and control, providing a reference for future regional coordination between urbanization and the natural environment.
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Acheampong, Michael. "“Critical Ecosystems” as a Concept in Political Ecology - Developing a Comprehensive Analytical Framework". Journal of Political Ecology 27, n. 1 (31 marzo 2020): 190–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.22909.
Abstract (sommario):
Political ecology is supposed to be a field of two parts of equal importance – "politics" and "ecology." However, critics have pointed to the fact that it dwells on the politics, while rendering ecology secondary in its focus. Political ecologists have hardly used the structure that the concept of ecosystem services brought to the field of ecology, and this lends credence to this critique. In this article, I introduce the concept of "critical ecosystems" that reinforces understanding of the science of "ecology", as an important dimension of political ecology. I use components of the framework of ecosystem services in context of unequal power relations. Some local people who have symbiotic relationships with their environment owe their existence – both their livelihoods and culture – to specific natural resources whose decline has proximate and tangible consequences for them. However, they often lose these "critical ecosystems" in times of natural resource exploitation due to their relative powerlessness. I argue that it is important that political ecologists utilize the framework of ecosystem services in our inquiries, to prioritize those ecosystems that are intricately connected to the survival of the local population. Based on this, I introduce the "critical ecosystems" model, and how it can be modified to fit specific cases and can reconcile the sociological and political dimensions of political ecology, with biophysical understanding of ecological processes. This holistic inquiry, I argue, will make political ecology worthy of its name. Keywords: Political ecology; ecosystem services; unequal power relations; Millennium Ecosystems Assessment; Ghana
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Mhango, Jarret, e Jan Dick. "Analysis of fertilizer subsidy programs and ecosystem services in Malawi". Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 26, n. 3 (13 gennaio 2011): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170510000517.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis paper evaluates the delivery of ecosystem services under different regimes of agricultural input subsidy in post-independent Malawi using (1) the protocol of the Millennium Ecosystem Service to characterize the services; and (2) the panarchy framework to describe the relationships among the political regimes, economic growth [gross domestic product (GDP)] and food security. Ecosystem services are the benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems that support, directly or indirectly, human survival and quality of life. Panarchy is a nested set of adaptive cycles that provides a tool to explore the conductivity of ecological and social-cultural systems. The Malawian temporal political landscape has experienced several reorganizations since independence, in which the governments of Malawi have initiated socio-economic growth of the economy through implementation of different farmer input subsidy programs with variable success. The most recent agricultural subsidy program (2005–2009) appears to have shown an improvement in food security for the people of Malawi. However, this may be at the expense of an increased rate of decline in other ecosystem services, especially arable land resources and forestry. If agricultural subsidies continue to be implemented without a holistic understanding of all ecosystem services delivered to the whole country, then the system will be unsustainable. We recommend the ecosystem service approach and the panarchy framework as potentially useful tools for policy makers.
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Qiu, Ziyun, Yunlan Guan, Kefa Zhou, Yanfei Kou, Xiaozhen Zhou e Qing Zhang. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Interactions between Ecosystem Services in Arid Areas and Their Responses to Urbanization and Various Driving Factors". Remote Sensing 16, n. 3 (29 gennaio 2024): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16030520.
Abstract (sommario):
In recent years, rapid urban expansion and increasing ecological sensitivity in arid zones have led to extreme imbalances in ecosystem development. Therefore, there is an urgent need to balance the dual goals of synergistic development of ecosystem services (ESs) and increased urbanization. Previous studies have analyzed the impacts of urbanization on ESs but have selected a limited number of indicators and have not focused on the impacts of urbanization on ES pair interactions. In this study, six key ESs (water yield, habitat quality, soil conservation, carbon storage, carbon sequestration and oxygen production, and food production) and total ecosystem services (TESs) were selected, and trends in the temporal and spatial relationship between trade-offs and synergies were analyzed over 20 years. This study refined the living standards urbanization indicator and evaluated the impact of urbanization and multiple drivers on ESs and ES pair interrelationships based on geo-detectors and segmented linear regression. The results show that there is heterogeneity in the overall and regional ES trade-offs and synergistic relationships, and water yield (WY)-related ES pairs generally exhibit synergistic relationships at the overall level. Spatially, however, the trade-off ratio exceeds the synergy ratio. Segmented linear regression results show that the relationship between all the urbanization indicators and TESs demonstrates an upward trend followed by a downward trend. Measures such as the increase in man-made oases in the early stages of urbanization did have some positive effects on TESs. However, as urbanization increased, these positive effects were quickly offset by the negative effects of overdevelopment and environmental degradation, leading to an overall decline in TESs. Urbanization of construction land (CL) had the most direct impact on ecosystem services. In summary, due to special climatic constraints, arid zones are more sensitive than other ecosystems, and urban development is strictly limited by oasis capacity. As cities expand, attention needs to be focused on protecting ecological land and limiting the expansion of CL to promote the synergistic development of urbanization and ecosystem services in arid zones.
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Ikematsu, Priscila, e José Alberto Quintanilha. "Spatio-temporal evaluation of ecosystem services in the São Paulo Macrometropolis, Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais 58, n. 2 (2023): 304–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781638.
Abstract (sommario):
Urbanization is one of the key factors that drive changes in ecosystem services. Although various studies have analyzed relationships between land-cover change and ecosystem services degradation, few have explored the impacts in future scenarios in mega metropolitan areas. This work performed an individual and integrated spatio-temporal assessment of four ecosystem services in the São Paulo Macrometropolis, the largest urban agglomeration in Latin America, in different land-cover scenarios using Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) software. Correlation analysis and map algebra were used to identify trade-offs and synergies, as well as hotspots and coldspots of multiple ecosystem services. The results showed decreasing trends in the supply capacity of erosion control, carbon storage, and seasonal water yield in the entire São Paulo Macrometropolis and most of its Regional Units, as well as evidence of a worsening of trade-offs between the ecosystem services evaluated. Furthermore, areas with a high supply of three or more ecosystem services were coincident with Conservation Areas, emphasizing the importance of these protected areas. By revealing important relationships among four ecosystem services, the outputs suggest regions and combinations of services for which spatial planning and appropriate conservation mechanisms can be used to optimize synergies and mitigate trade-offs. The results can help land use planning practitioners and decision-makers to design management strategies and policies for conservation and restoration based on linkages between specific units and associated ecosystem services and their trade-offs in this strategic region of Brazil.
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Holland, Robert A., Felix Eigenbrod, Paul R. Armsworth, Barbara J. Anderson, Chris D. Thomas e Kevin J. Gaston. "The influence of temporal variation on relationships between ecosystem services". Biodiversity and Conservation 20, n. 14 (16 luglio 2011): 3285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0113-1.
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Gandaa, B. Z., G. Kranjac-Berisavljevic, Y. Balma e S. Abubakari. "Ecosystem Management in Large-scale Irrigation Landscapes in Northern Ghana". International Journal of Irrigation and Agricultural Development (IJIRAD) 1, n. 1 (25 gennaio 2018): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47762/2017.964x.21.
Abstract (sommario):
The concept of ecosystem and ecosystem management services has given rise to different definitions and classifications. Ecosystem may be defined as a natural unit of living things and their physical environment. Ecosystem concept shows the relationship of biodiversity and ecosystems and the benefits are the services enjoyed by humans. In the past, ecosystem resources were used by multiple groups and individuals across sub-Sahara for variety of purposes, sustaining agrarian livelihood through the use of customary laws and traditional social structures. After the Ghana’s 1992 amended constitution, lands in large-scale irrigation in the northern Ghana were returned to the traditional custodians. The study seeks to establish the current role of traditional custodians’ management of ecosystem in irrigation landscapes. The study was conducted in the Tono and Bontanga irrigation landscapes in Northern Ghana using participatory impact assessment methods. Despite the return of lands in irrigated landscapes, formal links and relationships are broken and little is done to amend the situation. Also, there is no clear understanding of the natural resources ownership and management and therefore transition from traditional subsistence agriculture into modern one, supported by irrigation and other technically advanced methods, with a full participation of the small-holder farmers are still lacking.
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Chen, Yun, e Yaowu Sun. "DETERMINANTS OF PLATFORM ECOSYSTEM HEALTH: AN EXPLORATION BASED ON GROUNDED THEORY". Journal of Business Economics and Management 22, n. 5 (27 agosto 2021): 1142–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.15047.
Abstract (sommario):
Whether the platform ecosystem operates well influences the survival and development of all actors. Drawing on the literature of business ecosystem health, we propose the topic of platform ecosystem health, which refers to a stable and sustainable operating status obtained through cooperation among actors that can effectively respond to turbulent changes, meet market demand, and make profit. Platform ecosystem health is complexly influenced by internal and external factors, and exploring these is the first step towards its improvement. To address this question, this study uses grounded theory to identify the main determinants and theoretically explain the ways in which these determinants influence platform ecosystem health. Specifically, we select 15 representative platform ecosystems in the mobile communication services, e-commerce, and high-tech manufacturing industries using theoretical sampling. Three encoding processes and theoretical saturation tests are then employed to analyze interview and secondary data on the health of these platform ecosystems. Based on the identified 132 concepts and nine categories, we obtain four types of determinants: dominant capabilities of the platform enterprise, cooperation potential of the complementary enterprise, products and services, and industry environment. We finally propose four propositions to illustrate the relationships between the determinants and platform ecosystem health.
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Li, Cheng, Ranghui Wang, Fangmin Zhang, Yunjian Luo e Yong Huang. "Relationships between Ecosystem Services and Urbanization in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China". Sustainability 11, n. 7 (8 aprile 2019): 2073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11072073.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystem services are comprehensive and quantitative indicators for describing ecosystem–human interactions. China has experienced rapid urbanization in the past 30 years, which has created a significant impact on regional ecosystem services. However, whether the impact is linear is not clear as yet. In this study, the Jiangsu province, a main body of the Chinese Yangtze River Delta city cluster, was chosen as a case study. Multi-source remotely-sensed geospatial data, including meteorological, land use, vegetation, and socio-economic data, were collected to estimate the total amount of ecosystem services (TESV) and urbanization levels. Subsequently, the relationships between TESV and urbanization indices (i.e., gross domestic product (GDP) per unit area, GPUA; population per unit area, PPUA; and built-up land proportion, BULP) were determined using the Pearson correlation analysis and piecewise linear regression. The primary findings of this study were as follows: (1) There was a distinct spatial pattern in TESV, which gradually increased from west to east with high-value areas located in eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu. Among different land use types, cropland and woodland contributed the most to TESV; (2) The three urbanization indices had spatial patterns, indicating higher urbanization in southern Jiangsu than in central or northern Jiangsu; and (3) Once GPUA and PPUA exceeded threshold values of 3719.55 × 104 yuan/km2 and 744.37 person/km2, respectively, TESV sharply decreased with an increase in these indices. However, the BULP showed a linear and significantly negative relationship with TESV at all values, which indicated that the impacts of economic and population growth on TESV lagged behind that of built-up land expansion. These findings provide a potentially significant reference for decision-makers to rationally enhance regional ecosystem services during rapid urbanization processes.