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1
Dovhan, Zhanna. "Development of banking ecosystems: risks and prospects". INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, n. 5-6 (agosto 2019): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2019.5-6.22.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose. The aim of the article is determination of peculiarities of development of financial (banking) ecosystems, and first of all, assessment of threats and opportunities of their creation in domestic practice in the conditions of rapid development of financial technologies. Methodology of research. The theoretical basis of the research is the scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists on the problem under study. The following methods are used in the writing of the article: analysis and synthesis – in the study of foreign and domestic experience of creating ecosystems in banks; settlement and analytical – in the analysis of investments in financial technology; abstract and logical – in substantiation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Findings. The problems of banks' activities in the form of ecosystems are investigated, because today the banks are faced with the choice to work according to the traditional scheme or to choose a new way of functioning as an ecosystem, the effectiveness of which depends on the correct choice of innovative business model and platform. The concepts of “portal”, “platform” and “ecosystem” have been delineated and the main components on which the bank's ecosystem should be based are characterized, which will enable the bank to be competitive among other financial and non-financial organizations. The risks and opportunities of banking ecosystems functioning, as well as new key tasks and skills in the field of ecosystem organization, are identified. Originality. It is substantiated that the key competitive advantage of banks is the development of digital ecosystems and the proper positioning of themselves in them, with banks focusing on their three strengths: the use of know-how to present even complex financial products and processes; offers new services in the field of safe storage of money (personal and behavioural data); use of considerable experience in the field of regulation. Practical value. The results of the study can be taken into account by banking institutions, as the new ecosystem puts the end consumer at the first place, which necessitates a redevelopment of their internal processes and services to be more customer-centric in the digital ecosystem. Key words: bank; ecosystem; financial technologies; financial supermarket; FinTech (Financial technology) of the company; bank ecosystem; business model; portal; platform.
2
Komorin, V. M. "Theoretical and methodological aspects of sea ecosystem risks management". Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, n. 31 (30 giugno 2023): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.31.2023.03.
Abstract (sommario):
In the context of worsening anthropogenic impact, climate change and natural disasters, the problem of managing the sea areas' ecosystem risks is becoming quite important. This research aims at exploring the modern theoretical and methodological aspects of the aforesaid scientific orientation and focuses on the analysis and evaluation of existing concepts and strategies.
The article analyses main terms and principles and also presents a conceptual model for managing the sea ecosystem risks that plays a key role in reflecting the main theoretical components and their interrelationships. The model contributes to a better understanding of the structure and characteristics of this theory, emphasizing the complexity of interactions between socio-economic systems and marine ecosystems, as well as the risks arising from such interactions. The main elements of the model include natural and anthropogenic factors and consider their impact on the state of marine ecosystems and the risks associated therewith. The model also focuses on well-being, ecosystem stability and biodiversity, i.e. the parameters determining the status and functionality of marine ecosystems.
The research presents a comparative analysis of various methodologies and strategies of ecosystem risks management. The analysis allowed identification of the most effective of them at certain stages of creating an optimum strategy for managing the ecosystem risks. Risk management strategies can be implemented using a variety of tools, such as marine spatial planning, creation of marine protected areas, basic ecosystem management, resource management, and a marine environmental quality management system developed in accordance with the requirements of the EU Marine Strategy Directive. These strategies integrate different approaches to managing the ecosystem risks and contribute to conservation of ecosystems ensuring the marine environment stability.
The work made it possible to open up the prospects for further scientific research, namely development of hypotheses in order to increase theoretical knowledge and develop practical recommendations in the field of management of water areas' ecosystem risks.
The conclusions of the research are aimed at creating a theoretical and methodological base that will contribute to analyzing and developing effective strategies for managing the water areas' ecosystem risks.
3
Kirey, Vladimir V. "CLASSIFICATION OF RISKS CAUSED BY CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF NATURAL CAPITAL". EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 10/6, n. 139 (2023): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.10.06.002.
Abstract (sommario):
Many aspects of our economic activity depend on natural capital. The ecosystems that underpin natural capital provide a wide range of ecosystem goods and services that are valued by people. In most cases, however, ecosystem services are "invisible" and not properly considered in decision-making processes, leading to an underestimation of environmental risks. Companies overexploit natural capital assets and ecosystems, at the heart of our natural environment. In most cases, the ecosystem services provided by nature are not adequately taken into account in decision-making processes, resulting in environmental degradation. Awareness of the damage caused by overuse of resources is growing, and there is a growing focus on how the risks associated with ecosystem degradation affect corporate sustainability. Companies don't always adequately consider how their supply chains, operations, and values Businesses depend on and influence natural capital. Corporate strategies for valuing natural capital may not take into account all the benefits and risks generated by the ecosystem because we cannot assume that we have all the information about all ecosystem service flows. The author describes the concept of risks associated with the exploitation of natural capital and describes the mechanisms for assessing the risks of natural capital.
4
Abakumov, E. V., A. E. Lemyakina, V. O. Titov, A. E. Vashchuk, Yu N. Guzov, I. V. Fedorova, I. A. Blagikh, V. L. Dostov e E. N. Shestakova. "Monetization of the Ecosystem Services of the Russian Arctic and the Assesment of Investitional Risks". Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, n. 9 (1 settembre 2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-9-51-57.
Abstract (sommario):
Тhe problems of valuation of ecosystem services in connection with the activation of economic activity of the Russian Federation in the Arctic zone are discussed. The types of negative impacts on the Arctic ecosystems and their assessment, investment risks existing in ecosystem services are considered. It is shown that the application of the methodology and apparatus of ecosystem services contributes to the adequate assessment and creation of a hierarchical classification of "usefulness" and "benefits" that society can get from the existence, use and nonuse of ecosystems. The concept of ecosystem services in relation to Arctic consists of three components: identification, monetization and ecological risk assessment. The example of the Arctic ecosystems shows that the susceptibility to assessment and the accuracy of the assessment can be quite different and is largely dependent on the type of service in the classification. The analysis of possible ecosystem services and their relationship with the quality of life of people in the Russian Arctic indicates significant investment risks.
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Kalenov, Oleg, e Olyeg Dyevyatkin. "The Mechanism for Managing Risks and Crises of Business Ecosystems: Goals, Objectives, Principles of Operation and Identification of Risks". Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 11, n. 2 (12 luglio 2022): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2306-627x-2022-11-2-60-67.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper discusses the nature of the occurrence of risks and defines a list of the main issues of organizing a risk management system for business ecosystems. The authors consider the features of ecosystem risk management, highlighting a number of significant differences from the traditional organization. A description of the place of risk management in the ecosystem is also given, and a description of the basic principles in the field of risk management is given. When defining risk management processes and procedures, the authors substantiate the particular importance of monitoring, which should provide feedback to all processes. In addition, a model of the initial stages of an integrated risk management system is proposed, in which a separate place is given to the process of risk identification. The article presents the author's classification of the risks of the digital ecosystem, and also proposes an approach for compiling a risk register. In conclusion, the importance of the risk management process is emphasized in terms of the functioning, harmonious development and counteraction to crises of the digital ecosystem.
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Tittensor, Derek P., Camilla Novaglio, Cheryl S. Harrison, Ryan F. Heneghan, Nicolas Barrier, Daniele Bianchi, Laurent Bopp et al. "Next-generation ensemble projections reveal higher climate risks for marine ecosystems". Nature Climate Change 11, n. 11 (21 ottobre 2021): 973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01173-9.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractProjections of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems have revealed long-term declines in global marine animal biomass and unevenly distributed impacts on fisheries. Here we apply an enhanced suite of global marine ecosystem models from the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project (Fish-MIP), forced by new-generation Earth system model outputs from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), to provide insights into how projected climate change will affect future ocean ecosystems. Compared with the previous generation CMIP5-forced Fish-MIP ensemble, the new ensemble ecosystem simulations show a greater decline in mean global ocean animal biomass under both strong-mitigation and high-emissions scenarios due to elevated warming, despite greater uncertainty in net primary production in the high-emissions scenario. Regional shifts in the direction of biomass changes highlight the continued and urgent need to reduce uncertainty in the projected responses of marine ecosystems to climate change to help support adaptation planning.
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Bland, Lucie M., Kate E. Watermeyer, David A. Keith, Emily Nicholson, Tracey J. Regan e Lynne J. Shannon. "Assessing risks to marine ecosystems with indicators, ecosystem models and experts". Biological Conservation 227 (novembre 2018): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.019.
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Crespin, Silvio J., e Javier A. Simonetti. "Predicting ecosystem collapse: Spatial factors that influence risks to tropical ecosystems". Austral Ecology 40, n. 4 (7 gennaio 2015): 492–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aec.12209.
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Knights, Antony M., Gerjan J. Piet, Ruud H. Jongbloed, Jacqueline E. Tamis, Lydia White, Ekin Akoglu, Laura Boicenco et al. "An exposure-effect approach for evaluating ecosystem-wide risks from human activities". ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, n. 3 (16 febbraio 2015): 1105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu245.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is promoted as the solution for sustainable use. An ecosystem-wide assessment methodology is therefore required. In this paper, we present an approach to assess the risk to ecosystem components from human activities common to marine and coastal ecosystems. We build on: (i) a linkage framework that describes how human activities can impact the ecosystem through pressures, and (ii) a qualitative expert judgement assessment of impact chains describing the exposure and sensitivity of ecological components to those activities. Using case study examples applied at European regional sea scale, we evaluate the risk of an adverse ecological impact from current human activities to a suite of ecological components and, once impacted, the time required for recovery to pre-impact conditions should those activities subside. Grouping impact chains by sectors, pressure type, or ecological components enabled impact risks and recovery times to be identified, supporting resource managers in their efforts to prioritize threats for management, identify most at-risk components, and generate time frames for ecosystem recovery.
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Chernov, V. A. "Ecosystem Changes in the Structure of Socio-Economic Relations". World of new economy 16, n. 3 (13 ottobre 2022): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2022-16-3-113-124.
Abstract (sommario):
The methodological base of the research includes the theoretical foundations of cluster structure, structural integration of ecosystems, the network method of their coordination, platform interaction, global reporting initiative (GRI), international and domestic regulations in the field of sustainable development, scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors. The article proposes clarifications of individual formulations in the definition of ecosystems and conducts their classification: bionomic, industrial ecosystem, business ecosystem, business, innovative ecosystem. The evolution of the definition of “ecosystem” is investigated, in which its qualitatively new stage in the global concept of sustainable development is revealed. The formulation of the ecosystem of sustainable development as the intellectual coordination core of the innovation ecosystem is derived. The concepts of capital components of the new economic formation of “accessism” are introduced. The risks and threats of economic, legal, and state security in the formation of the access economy are investigated. A model of integration of components has been developed: economic, social, environmental, infrastructural elements and directions. The directions of creating new organizational forms of interaction in the ecosystem with the participation of state technology (Gostech) are proposed. Recommendations are given to counter threats and risks caused by ecosystem changes in the structure of socio-economic relations that have historical significance.
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Meng, Qingxiang, Likun Zhang, Hejie Wei, Enxiang Cai, Dong Xue e Mengxue Liu. "Linking Ecosystem Service Supply–Demand Risks and Regional Spatial Management in the Yihe River Basin, Central China". Land 10, n. 8 (11 agosto 2021): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080843.
Abstract (sommario):
The continuous supply of ecosystem services is the foundation of the sustainable development of human society. The identification of the supply–demand relationships and risks of ecosystem services is of considerable importance to the management of regional ecosystems and the effective allocation of resources. This paper took the Yihe River Basin as the research area and selected water yield, carbon sequestration, food production, and soil conservation to assess changes in the supply and demand of ecosystem services and their matching status from 2000 to 2018. Risk identification and management zoning were also conducted. Results show the following: (1) The spatial distribution of the four ecosystems service supply and demand in the Yihe River Basin was mismatched. The food production supply levels in the middle and lower reaches and the upstream water yield, carbon sequestration, and soil conservation supply levels were high. However, most of the areas with high demand for ecosystem services were concentrated downstream. (2) From 2000 to 2018, the supply of water yield and carbon sequestration in the Yihe River Basin decreased, while that of food production and soil conservation increased. The demand for the four ecosystem services also increased. (3) Water yield faced considerable supply–demand risks. Fifty percent of the sub-basins were at a high-risk level, and the risk areas were concentrated in the middle and lower reaches. The three remaining services were mainly at low-risk levels. The Yihe River Basin was divided into eight types of supply–demand risk spatial management zones based on the ecosystem service supply and demand levels, which will help promote refined regional ecosystem management and sustainable development. The supply and demand assessment of ecosystem services from a risk perspective can integrate the information of natural ecosystems and socio-economic systems and provide scientific support for watershed spatial management.
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MANDYCH, Oleksandra, Svitlana ZAIKA, Olena ZAIKA, Olena ZHYLIAKOVA e Оksana BLУZNІUK. "RISK MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN THE DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM". INNOVATIONS IN THE SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND SOCIAL ECOSYSTEMS 1, n. 6 (19 maggio 2023): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56378/mozs20231805.
Abstract (sommario):
The Purpose of the Study is to elaborate the content of the research categories in the field of innovation ecosystem development, to identify the features of creating network ecosystems according to various possible classification criteria, to form directions and models of risk-oriented management and digital adaptation for innovative ecosystems, and to outline the prospects for managing the risks of innovative activities of the digital ecosystem. The Research Methodology.is based on the existing theoretical results in the field of innovation management, risk management, and areas of digital transformation of ecosystems. The study uses a dialectical approach, system analysis, methods of strategic management, and modeling. The scientific Novelty lies in the formation of a model of risk management in the innovation ecosystem, which includes procedures for strategic analysis and strategic management, is the basis for the innovative development of the organization and is aimed at preventing risks and minimizing losses associated with the use of innovations. The Conclusions. Innovation ecosystems are self-organized structures that have stable relationships between individual participants, aimed at forming a flexible, adaptive environment. The innovative development of ecosystems facilitates the process from the birth of an idea to the development, commercialization, implementation, and support of various types of innovations. The study of the architecture of innovation ecosystems and key participants in different network systems confirms species diversity, differences in coverage, and interaction models. Identification of innovation ecosystems using a risk-based approach ensures the continuity of the processes of identifying existing risks, and their mitigation through the involvement of strategic management, and the use of monitoring tools, allowing updating the ecosystem architecture, identifying weaknesses, and implementing updated and improved models. The creation of adapted models for ecosystems in the context of digital adaptation outlines the prospects for the development of innovative digital ecosystems to the basic strategies of market behavior based on risk-oriented management.
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Washitani, Izumi. "Ecosystem Risks of Genetic Modified Crops". TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 6, n. 8 (2001): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.6.8_16.
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Hu, Xiangang, e Qixing Zhou. "Health and Ecosystem Risks of Graphene". Chemical Reviews 113, n. 5 (17 gennaio 2013): 3815–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr300045n.
15
Переславцева, Инна Игоревна. "RESEARCH OF THE PARTICIPATION RISKS IN INNOVATIVE ECOSYSTEMS". Housing and utilities infrastructure, n. 2(21) (15 giugno 2022): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2022.21.2.012.
Abstract (sommario):
Проведено исследование рисков, возникающих при участии компаний в инновационных экосистемах. Рассмотрены категории понятия риска, проработанные отечественными учеными. Проанализированы исследования, рассматривающие дополнительные риски при создании совместной инновационной среды. Выделены основные группы рисков коллаборативного участия в инновационной экосистеме: риски взаимозависимости, риски интеграции, инициативные риски, риски оппортунистического поведения, а также риски дисбаланса власти. Предложена трехслойная модель рисков коллаборативного участия в цифровой экосистеме, возникающих при совместном сотрудничестве. Рассмотрены особенности участия в инновационных экосистемах крупных и малых компаний. Сделан вывод о необходимости использования сетевых форм организации бизнеса для увеличения присутствия компаний на рынках в условиях глобальных масштабов конкуренции. I conducted a study of the risks arising from the participation of companies in innovative ecosystems. I considered the categories of the concept of risk worked out by domestic scientists. As well I analyzed the studies considering additional risks when creating joint innovation environment. The main identified risk groups of collaborative participation in the innovation ecosystem are: risks of interdependence, risks of integration, initiative risks, risks of opportunistic behavior, as well as risks of power imbalance. I offered a three-layer model of risks of collaborative participation in the digital ecosystem arising from joint cooperation. I also considered features of participation in innovation ecosystems of large and small companies. I made the conclusion about the need to use network forms of business organization to increase the presence of companies in the markets in the context of global competition.
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Zaytsev, German N. "MODERN FINANCIAL ECOSYSTEMS: RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF SBERBANK), PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES". EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 10/2, n. 139 (2023): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.10.02.009.
Abstract (sommario):
The article analyzes Russian and Western approaches to defining such a global phenomenon as financial ecosystems, as well as proposed typologies and classifications of such ecosystems. The similarities and differences between ecosystems and platforms are shown. The experience of Sber as one of the largest Russian financial ecosystems is considered. The risks associated with the development of ecosystems are highlighted, including the low profitability of non-financial services in the early stages of development of financial ecosystems. Possible regulatory approaches associated with mitigating the risks of ecosystem development are considered.
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Yakimova, V. A. "AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR REDUCING COMPLIANCE RISKS OF DIGITAL INVESTMENT ECOSYSTEM PARTICIPANTS". Intellect. Innovations. Investments, n. 2 (2023): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2023-2-88.
Abstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the problem of developing mechanisms to increase the sustainability of the digital investment ecosystem, in which the main participants are investors, borrowers or other persons attracting investments, the Bank of Russia as a regulator, a professional organization. The purpose of this study is to identify ways to trust the system of digital investment platforms by developing financial compliance methods for ecosystem participants. In the course of the study, methods of statistical analysis, generalization and grouping of compliance risk assessment, ecosystem modeling with the allocation of functions and actions of its participants were used. The ecosystem approach was used as a basic approach, which allows revealing interactions and assessing the impact of the risks of one participant on the stability of the ecosystem as a whole. The study found that participants are exposed to high compliance risks that can lead to a system default and cause systemic risks of a chain of bankruptcies due to defaults, changes in rules and restrictions. The level of compliance risk for crowdfunding participants was 27%, and the analysis of operators’ declarations identifies 23 types of risks that an investor takes on and which carry the threat of loss of invested capital. High risks and their diversification led to the conclusion that it is necessary to build investment compliance control procedures into the investment ecosystem, which can be carried out by audit organizations as assurance tasks. The results of the study are of practical importance for the development of the methodological apparatus of compliance in the process of carrying out activities by audit organizations and the development of a system for regulating the activities of investment ecosystems by the Bank of Russia.
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Solovjova, Natalia V. "Environmental risk assessments for contrasting Arctic shelf ecosystems". Hydrosphere Еcology (Экология гидросферы), n. 1(6) (2021): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2587-9367-2021-1(6)-69-84.
Abstract (sommario):
The article presents environmental risk assessments for two types of contrasting ecosystems of the Arctic shelf: highly productive and low-productive. Calculations were carried out using a probabilistic risk model with variations in the impact on the ecosystem from stressors, taking into account the risks from the technological processes of extraction and transportation of mineral resources of the shelf. Comparison of the results of risk modeling for highly productive and low-productive ecosystems showed that due to the low productivity of marine ecosystems, reliability requirements for technological processes ensuring the safety of resource development should not be reduced. The nontrivial conclusion obtained confirms the nonlinearity of the ecosystem response to impacts, which justifies the involvement not only of expert assessments, but also of all available methods, including modeling, to minimize the risks of Arctic resource development.
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Arreola González, Alejandro, Matthias Pfaff e Helmut Krcmar. "Value Modeling for Ecosystem Analysis". Computers 8, n. 3 (13 settembre 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers8030068.
Abstract (sommario):
Scholars have proposed many approaches to represent and analyze value creation. Value creation in ecosystems such as platform ecosystems often relies on a specific structure of partner alignment. Value modeling techniques can improve the understanding of how ecosystem risks and non-generic complementarities determine value creation and the alignment structures required. First, we conceptualize ecosystem analysis as a tool for alignment in the context of business innovation. Then, we carry out a structured literature review to identify existing techniques, which could support ecosystem analysis. Further, we provide a comprehensive overview of the value modeling techniques and integrate our ecosystem analysis conceptualization with existing classification frameworks. This integrative framework allows researchers and scholars to identify techniques that suit specific needs in terms of internal alignment reach, tooling, innovation phase and ecosystem analysis. Our results show limited support for ecosystem analysis. Still we are able to identify techniques that can provide a useful conceptual or tooling basis to enable ecosystem analysis.
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Popova, Petya, Kremena Marinova e Veselin Popov. "Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics for Risk Management in Digital Tourism Ecosystems". Risks 11, n. 10 (18 ottobre 2023): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks11100180.
Abstract (sommario):
Participation and inclusion in the business ecosystem have emerged as a growing trend for company collaboration in areas such as innovation, product development, and research. Collaborations can take many forms, ranging from the traditional value chain to strategic alliances, corporate networks, and digital ecosystems. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics (BDA) play key roles in developing smart tourism destinations by delivering efficient management solutions, increased public safety, and improved operational efficiency while managing different risks and challenges, while also being a source of such risks and challenges. The objective of this article was to investigate the potential of IoT and BDA to properly control the risks associated with participants in a tourism destination’s digital ecosystem. The authors used the systematic literature review (SLR) method to examine scientific and applied articles on this subject. As a result, the main risks of the digital tourism ecosystem (DTE) as a whole and of the IoT and BDA technologies used in it were identified and classified; the features of DTE that affect risk management in it were distinguished; IoT technologies and their applications used in DTE were outlined; and the roles of DTE participants and the possible IoT technologies that can successfully address the risks associated with a given role were defined.
21
Keith, David A. "Assessing and managing risks to ecosystem biodiversity". Austral Ecology 40, n. 4 (12 maggio 2015): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aec.12249.
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Martin, Paul V. "Managing the risks of ecosystem services markets". Ecosystem Services 29 (febbraio 2018): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.05.007.
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Kyrpychova, Iryna, Kateryna Berezenko, Olena Bordiuhova, Serhii Skakovskyi, Nadiia Sopova, Yuliia Chupryna, Serhii Liubytskyi, Bohdana Komarysta, Vladyslav Bendiuh e Oleksandr Nosyriev. "Identifying the risks of armed conflict impact on the ecosystem". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, n. 10 (127) (28 febbraio 2024): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.298430.
Abstract (sommario):
The object of the study is the territory that became the object of the influence of hostilities. The study is dedicated to finding ways to assess the state of ecosystems and ensure their stability in the conditions of military conflicts. The impact of military conflict on the environment is highlighted through the analysis of risks and losses in ecosystems. It has been studied that the intensity of armed conflicts determines the scale and degree of damage to ecosystems, and the use of destructive weapons leads to the direct destruction of natural environments and their components. It has been determined by an expert survey that the most significant changes in natural ecosystems are the biodiversity losses, deforestation, territorial changes and the destruction of natural objects (scores ≥9.0). Factors of low impact (score <6.75) are air pollution, erosion due to air pollution, biodiversity losses due to water pollution. The interrelationships between military actions and environmental pollution are studied for the importance of understanding these processes for effective management of environmental security during military conflicts. A mathematical and graphic model of material flows has been developed, which allows taking into account resource flows, pollution and losses in the ecosystem during armed conflicts. The model, tested in the Kyiv region, made it possible to determine the priorities of conservation and risk management. Analysis of 9,000 km2 revealed contaminated areas, in particular, in the southwestern and western directions. The practical use of the research results is in the development of strategies for minimizing and restoring the ecological consequences of armed conflicts. This can help improve the management of natural resources in the context of military operations and increase the resilience of ecosystems
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Hieu, Vu Minh, e . "Firm’s Innovation Ecosystem: Barriers, Key Success Factors and Strategies". Webology 18, SI03 (13 gennaio 2021): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si03/web18017.
Abstract (sommario):
Strategic positioning fosters the firm performance in an ecosystem. Companies in an innovation ecosystem use strategic tools to connect different business units. The systematic literature review was used to search for the articles used in this review. Google Scholar search engine was employed to filter the references of each selected paper. In total, 41 papers published in journal and conference proceedings have been used for the review. The review shows that companies challenges as shortage of willingness to share insights and intellectual property, confusion over management methods need to create sustainable value, lack of coordination within the ecosystem, lack of an innovation plan, failure to pay attention to a new set of risks and costs associated with network-types of practices when innovating through an ecosystem. The review highlights specific key success factors such as management commitment, consumer value, and value chains linked to customers’ expectations, and organisational culture that supports change processes, well-articulated goals, timelines and milestones, and embracing risk-taking and understanding the nature of risks in collaborative networks. Furthermore, the review also identified the balanced scorecard multiplying risks and value blueprint as strategic tools used to evaluate the performance of companies within an ecosystem. The study concludes that managers should evaluate the ecosystems’ ability and the potential of their firms to survive.
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Orimoloye, Israel Ropo, Leocadia Zhou e Ahmed M. Kalumba. "Drought Disaster Risk Adaptation through Ecosystem Services-Based Solutions: Way Forward for South Africa". Sustainability 13, n. 8 (8 aprile 2021): 4132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084132.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystem services refer to the direct and indirect benefits to humanity from an ecosystem. The ability to spatially incorporate multiple biophysical environments is crucial to ecosystem services, thus promoting cooperation between science and policy in seeking solutions to global challenges, including drought disasters. Therefore, understanding ecosystem services, for instance, from forest/vegetation in view of contributing to drought disaster risk adaptation is critical to human-nature interactions and proper sustainable conservation thereof. No known study has been done on ecosystem services and their contributions to drought management or other climate adaptation in South Africa. This study aimed at quantifying drought disaster risk adaptation based on ecosystem services in South Africa. It was identified that ecosystem services to society have been directly affected by anthropogenic and natural phenomena, thereby influencing drought severity and its impacts. These impacts and their associated risks are evident globally, including in South Africa. We found out that ecosystems in South Africa have been affected and extremely vulnerable to recurrent natural disasters, such as droughts. To achieve long-term solutions to such drought-related risks and challenges, feedback mechanisms between human-natural and related factors and ecosystem services-based drought adaptation need to be understood and planned. Timely spatiotemporal assessment, planning and management strategies need to be considered to find solutions or ways forward to South Africa in combating drought disasters.
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Illarionov, Maxim G., e Albert L. Bikmullin. "DEVELOPING ECONOMIC ECOSYSTEMS OF ENTERPRISES TO IMPROVE SUSTAINABILITY AND ADAPTABILITY". SOFT MEASUREMENTS AND COMPUTING 5, n. 66 (2023): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2023.05.007.
Abstract (sommario):
The article discusses the factors and principles of building ecosystems in terms of improving the efficiency of enterprise development. It is shown that the ecosystem allows to achieve high results under the pressure of external risks.
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Li, Zihui, Kangwen Zhu, Dan Song, Dongjie Guan, Jiameng Cao, Xiangyuan Su, Yanjun Zhang, Ya Zhang, Yong Ba e Haoyu Wang. "Analysis of Spatial Relationship Based on Ecosystem Services and Ecological Risk Index in the Counties of Chongqing". Land 12, n. 10 (25 settembre 2023): 1830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12101830.
Abstract (sommario):
Due to the insufficient research on the spatial relationship and driving mechanism of ecosystem services and ecological risks and the current background of rising ecological risks and dysfunctional ecosystem services in local areas, analyzing the relationship and driving mechanism is an urgent task in order to safeguard regional ecological security and improve ecosystem services at present. Taking Chongqing as an example, the study scientifically identifies the spatial relationship between ecosystem services and ecological risks and their driving factors at district and county scales based on the constructed Ecosystem Service—Driver–Pressures–Status–Impacts–Responses (ES-DPSIR) model. The main findings include (1) significant variation in the spatial distribution of the comprehensive ecosystem service index, where the lowest ecosystem service index (0.013) was found in the main urban area of Chongqing and the scores gradually increased outward from this center, reaching 0.689 in the outermost areas; (2) an increase in the comprehensive ecological risk index from east to west, ranging from −0.134 to 0.333; (3) a prominent spatial relationship between ecosystem services and ecological risks, with 52.63% of the districts and counties being imbalanced or mildly imbalanced; and (4) significant differences between development trends of ecosystem services-–ecological risks, including 60.53% imbalanced and 30.47% mildly balanced districts. This study identified and analyzed the spatial change characteristics of ecosystem services and ecological risks based on the ES-DPSIR model, explored the driving factors, and provided new ideas for the relationship and driving research. The results of the study could provide effective ways and references for improving regional ecological security and enhancing the capacity of ecosystem services.
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Shendo, Maria Vladimirovna, Elena Viktorovna Sviridova, Maksim Valentinovich Lipaev e Alexander Pavlovich Volodin. "The current state of domestic digital ecosystems as an element of the online consumer market". Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2024, n. 1 (22 marzo 2024): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-43-51.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecosystems in Russia are at the stage of development, but already today they set the direction for various segments of the consumer markets they serve. Such enterprises need to take into account not only market competition, but also constantly invest in digital technologies, innovations, monitor trends in consumer sentiment and ensure the security of their customers' data. The scenario for the development of domestic ecosystems is ambiguous, since they affect many industry markets that are not interconnected, and also compete with government digital platforms. The essence and significance of digital ecosystems and digital platforms are investigated, their distinctive features are given, the current situation in the ecosystem subscription market is considered, and the main consumer segments served by subscriptions are identified. The leaders of domestic enterprises functioning as ecosystems, their purpose and market shares are presented, as well as the monetary prospect of the development of the considered segment of the online trading market in the coming years is estimated. Ecosystem activity in Russia is still poorly regulated, which poses risks to the development of competition in consumer markets and to the sustainability of ecosystems. The features of the following areas are considered: data processing, competition, public administration and consumer protection; The risks in these areas are described, as well as the key tasks on the part of the state that it faces in terms of reducing the identified risks.
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Dubnytskyi, V., T. Mishustina, O. Ovcharenko e N. Naumenko. "Special Features of Business Ecosystem Development in the Context of Digital Economy Transformation". Economic Herald of the Donbas, n. 3 (73) (2023): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2023-3(73)-61-70.
Abstract (sommario):
At work, the results of research by foreign scholars in the field of business ecosystems and digital platforms have been summarized. The evolution of the construction of business structures/ecosystems has been systematized. Strategic models of digital society transformation have been analyzed, specifically: the model of an economy "driven by technology" and the model of an economy "driven by the market." The main drivers of business ecosystem development in the context of digital transformation have been considered. The forms of functioning of business ecosystems in centralized and adaptive ecosystem conditions have been analyzed, highlighting differences based on criteria such as structure, partners, goals, conditions of use, strategic focus, relationship management, and impact on the central company. Distinctions between digital ecosystems and traditional business alliances, particularly clusters, have been outlined. The most relevant risks associated with ecosystem functioning have been discussed, including tax risk, strategic risk, business risk, compliance risk, technological risk, cyber risk, and reputational risk. The significance of customer experience in the functioning of a business ecosystem has been substantiated.
30
Rapport, David J. "Ecosystem Health: More than a Metaphor?" Environmental Values 4, n. 4 (novembre 1995): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096327199500400408.
Abstract (sommario):
There is considerable discussion about the nature of the health metaphor as applied to ecosystems. One does not need to accept the analogy of ecosystem as ‘organism’ to reap insight into the diagnosis of ecosystem ills by applications of approaches pioneered in the health sciences. Ecosystem health can be assessed by the presence or absence of signs ecosystem distress, by direct measures of ecosystem resilience or counteractive capacity, and by evaluation of risks or threats from human activity and natural forces which may decrease the supply of ecological services. The focus of this essay is on what is and what is not implied by the ecosystem health metaphor. It also elaborates a research agenda for this emerging transdiciplinary science. One can argue that beyond the metaphor is the potential for systematic diagnosis of ecosystem ills, development of indicators of ecosystem health, development of early warning indicators of ecosystem dysfunction, development of diagnostic protocols and preventive strategies for maintaining ecological services.
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Fedulova, Elena, Alina Starodubtseva e Dmitry Vervein. "Digital Development of Financial Ecosystems: Strategic Issues". Strategizing: Theory and Practice 3, n. 1 (16 marzo 2023): 124–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2782-2435-2023-3-1-124-139.
Abstract (sommario):
The ecosystem of digital development of a financial enterprise is a strategically important scientific and methodological task. World practice shows that ecosystems are the strategic future of the economy that are able to transform traditional business. Seven of the ten largest global companies are ecosystem companies. In the medium term, ecosystems will account for a significant part of the national and global gross product. The global ecosystem trend is also developing in Russia. Under these conditions, large systemically important banks, e.g., the Sberbank, have to face new challenges. The article describes the role of the ecosystem strategy with its technological capabilities and risks in the paradigm of the digital economy in the case of the Sberbank. It introduces a new algorithm that can be applied to test the trends, opportunities, and limitations of the ecosystem and digital transformation of a financial organization. The analysis relied on the strategy theory and strategizing methodology developed by V.L. Kvint. Keywords: ecosystem, digital transformation, strategic trends, digital development, OTSW-analysis, strategizing, financial organization
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Glushchenko, Valery. "APPLICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY OF ERGONOMIC DESIGN IN THE CREATION OF REGIONAL AND CORPORATE ANTHROPOGENIC ECOSYSTEMS". Ergodesign 2022, n. 3 (7 settembre 2022): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2022-3-155-161.
Abstract (sommario):
The subject of the article is the development of the methodology of ergonomic design in the design of anthropogenic corporate and regional ecosystems; the object of the article is the ergonomic design of an anthropogenic corporate or regional ecosystem; the purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of anthropogenic corporate or regional ecosystems; to achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: descriptions of the method of ergonomic design of design complex systems; the content of the ecosystem approach in the design of anthropogenic objects in the development of the 9th technological order is studied; the concept and essence of a corporate or regional ecosystem are described; criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of corporate and regional anthropogenic ecosystems are discussed; the stages of creating corporate and regional ecosystems are described; the ergonomic design of the risks of creating corporate regional ecosystems is described; scientific the methods in the article are: methodology of ergonomical design; historical analysis; ecosystem approach; theory of technological orders; system and logical analysis; forecasting; scientific novelty of the article is connected with the development of the methodology of ergonomic design as a tool for designing corporate and regional ecosystems.
33
Skála, J., R. Vácha, J. Hofman, V. Horváthová, M. Sáňka e J. Čechmánková. "Spatial differentiation of ecosystem risks of soil pollution in floodplain areas of the Czech Republic". Soil and Water Research 12, No. 1 (18 gennaio 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/53/2016-swr.
Abstract (sommario):
Extensive soil sampling and screening assessment of ecosystem risks combined with a multidimensional statistical analysis were used to estimate and spatially characterize the ecosystem risks stemming from the contamination of floodplain soils in the Czech Republic. We proved structural differences in regional pollution patterns where different regional/local pollution sources led to various nature and extent of the environmental load of floodplain soils. The established spatial patterns helped reveal the areas where soils do not meet soil quality standards and where the ecosystem risks were elevated. Furthermore, the results allowed to establish priority contaminants of flood affected areas in various catchments in the Czech Republic. Combining both the magnitudes of estimated ecosystem risks and structural characteristics of pollution profiles, the highest estimated risks showed the localities with high contents of organochlorine pesticides, several samples connected to geochemical anomalies of metallogenic zones (deposits), and localities with a long history of industrial load. Since extreme weather events have recently become more frequent, our results highlight the importance of a continual monitoring of pollutant turnover in floodplain soils with a high flood frequency.
34
Van Oijen, M., J. Balkovi, C. Beer, D. R. Cameron, P. Ciais, W. Cramer, T. Kato et al. "Impact of droughts on the carbon cycle in European vegetation: a probabilistic risk analysis using six vegetation models". Biogeosciences 11, n. 22 (26 novembre 2014): 6357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6357-2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. We analyse how climate change may alter risks posed by droughts to carbon fluxes in European ecosystems. The approach follows a recently proposed framework for risk analysis based on probability theory. In this approach, risk is quantified as the product of hazard probability and ecosystem vulnerability. The probability of a drought hazard is calculated here from the Standardized Precipitation–Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Vulnerability is calculated from the response to drought simulated by process-based vegetation models. We use six different models: three for generic vegetation (JSBACH, LPJmL, ORCHIDEE) and three for specific ecosystems (Scots pine forests: BASFOR; winter wheat fields: EPIC; grasslands: PASIM). The periods 1971–2000 and 2071–2100 are compared. Climate data are based on gridded observations and on output from the regional climate model REMO using the SRES A1B scenario. The risk analysis is carried out for ~ 18 000 grid cells of 0.25 × 0.25° across Europe. For each grid cell, drought vulnerability and risk are quantified for five seasonal variables: net primary and ecosystem productivity (NPP, NEP), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), soil water content and evapotranspiration. In this analysis, climate change leads to increased drought risks for net primary productivity in the Mediterranean area: five of the models estimate that risk will exceed 15%. The risks increase mainly because of greater drought probability; ecosystem vulnerability will increase to a lesser extent. Because NPP will be affected more than Rh, future carbon sequestration (NEP) will also be at risk predominantly in southern Europe, with risks exceeding 0.25 g C m−2 d−1 according to most models, amounting to reductions in carbon sequestration of 20 to 80%.
35
Van Oijen, M., J. Balkovič, C. Beer, D. Cameron, P. Ciais, W. Cramer, T. Kato et al. "Impact of droughts on the C-cycle in European vegetation: a probabilistic risk analysis using six vegetation models". Biogeosciences Discussions 11, n. 6 (5 giugno 2014): 8325–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-8325-2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. We analyse how climate change may alter risks posed by droughts to carbon fluxes in European ecosystems. The approach follows a recently proposed framework for risk analysis based on probability theory. In this approach, risk is quantified as the product of hazard probability and ecosystem vulnerability. The probability of a drought hazard is calculated here from the Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. Vulnerability is calculated from the response to drought simulated by process-based vegetation models. Here we use six different models: three for generic vegetation (JSBACH, LPJmL, ORCHIDEE) and three for specific ecosystems (Scots pine forests: BASFOR; winter wheat fields: EPIC; grasslands: PASIM). The periods 1971–2000 and 2071–2100 are compared. Climate data are based on observations and on output from the regional climate model REMO using the SRES A1B scenario. The risk analysis is carried out for ∼22 000 grid cells of 0.25° × 0.25° across Europe. For each grid cell, drought vulnerability and risk are quantified for five seasonal variables: net primary and ecosystem productivity (NPP, NEP), heterotrophic respiration (RH), soil water content and evapotranspiration. Climate change is expected to lead to increased drought risks to net primary productivity in the Mediterranean area: five of the models estimate that risk will exceed 15%. The risks will increase mainly because of greater drought probability; ecosystem vulnerability will increase to lesser extent. Because NPP will be affected more than RH, future C-sequestration (NEP) will also be at risk predominantly in southern Europe, with risks exceeding 0.25 g C m−2 d−1 according to most models, amounting to reductions in carbon sequestration of 20 to 80%.
36
Levin, Phillip S., Christopher R. Kelble, Rebecca L. Shuford, Cameron Ainsworth, Yvonne deReynier, Rikki Dunsmore, Michael J. Fogarty et al. "Guidance for implementation of integrated ecosystem assessments: a US perspective". ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, n. 5 (4 settembre 2013): 1198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst112.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Ecosystem-based management (EBM) has emerged as a basic approach for managing human activities in marine ecosystems, with the aim of recovering and conserving marine ecosystems and the services they deliver. Integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs) further the transition of EBM from principle to practice by providing an efficient, transparent means of summarizing the status of ecosystem components, screening and prioritizing potential risks, and evaluating alternative management strategies against a backdrop of environmental variability. In this paper, we draw upon lessons learned from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's IEA programme to outline steps required for IEA implementation. We provide an overview of the conceptual framework for IEAs, the practical constraints that shape the structure of individual IEAs, and the uses and outcomes of IEAs in support of EBM.
37
Terentyeva, T. V., T. V. Varkulevich e A. A. Vertinova. "REGION AND UNIVERSITY AS ECOSYSTEM: BARRIERS AND RISKS". Вестник Алтайской академии экономики и права 1, n. 9 2022 (2022): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/vaael.2404.
38
Andryushin, Sergey, e Ruslan Grigoryev. "Ecosystem banks: Forms, risks and methods of regulation". Terra Economicus 19, n. 4 (25 dicembre 2021): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2073-6606-2021-19-4-51-65.
39
SEVRYUGINA, N. S., A. S. APATENKO e E. V. VOITOVICH. "ECOSYSTEM RISKS UNDER FUNCTIONING OF WATER MANAGEMENT COMPLEXES". Prirodoobustrojstvo, n. 2 (2020): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2020-2-115-122.
40
Dallyn, Sherree. "Managing Risks to Wetlands Through Low Impact Response Methods and Ecological Approaches". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, n. 1 (1 maggio 2017): 000431. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.000431.
Abstract (sommario):
Canada's petroleum hydrocarbon pipeline network extends for approximately 830,000 kilometres1. These pipelines carry a variety of refined and non-refined products including, natural gas liquids, heavy oil, synthetic oil, diluent, produced water, etc. With over 14%2 of Canada consisting of wetlands, the potential for pipeline releases to significantly impact these important ecosystems is considerable. Containment, recovery and remediation of wetlands is very complex. Historically, these ecosystems were drained, excavated and then sometimes backfilled, or hydraulically altered to accommodate water recovery and disposal. SWAT Consulting Inc. employs a number of low impact technologies, practices and strategies to contain and recover spilled fluids from wetlands using Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) as a tool for restoration and or enhancement while balancing the ecological integrity of the wetland system. SWAT's low impact objectives focus on environmental integrity throughout every aspect of the release, from response to recovery and restoration. After determining the unique components to each wetland ecosystem, SWAT customizes low impact techniques to access the site, contain the spill, remove contaminants and restore the ecosystem. SWAT has implemented numerous low impact spill response, recovery and remediation techniques throughout North America. In this presentation, SWAT presents various case studies from spills into different types of wetlands. In these case studies, the contaminants of concern were contained and removed from the ecosystems using these low impact methods without sacrificing ecological integrity. We will discuss methods to access targeted recovery points, in-situ biodegradable containment systems, focused recovery based on examining contaminant interaction with specific environmental components and enhanced bioremediation applications. By comparing laboratory verified data, electromagnetic surveys and other assessment information from these ecosystems, SWAT will demonstrate a drastic reduction in contaminants, and an overall regeneration and restoration of function in these ecosystems.
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Quigley, Thomas M., Richard W. Haynes, Wendel J. Hann, Danny C. Lee, Richard S. Holthausen e Rebecca A. Gravenmier. "ICBEMP: Using an Ecoregion Assessment for Integrated Policy Analysis". Journal of Forestry 96, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1998): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/96.10.33.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract In broad terms, managing an ecosystem means maintaining both the integrity of ecological systems and the resilience of social and economic systems. Ratings of ecological integrity and socioeconomic resilience are combined to make general statements about ecosystem conditions in the interior Columbia basin. Risks to integrity and resilience arise from many sources, both natural and human-caused, and reducing risks in one component may increase risks to another. Three management alternatives--maintaining current practices, restoring with active management, and setting up reserves--present different opportunities to manage the risks inherent in biophysical and social systems and meet ecosystem management goals.
42
Boskovic, Jelena, Vasilije Isajev, Zeljana Prijic, Veselinka Zecevic, Zdravko Hojka e Gordana Dozet. "Assessing ecological risks and benefits of genetically modified crops". Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 55, n. 1 (2010): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1001089b.
Abstract (sommario):
Genetically modified (GM) crops and biotechnology are providing new opportunities for increasing crop productivity and tackling agriculture problems, such as diseases, pests and weeds, abiotic stress and nutritional limitations of staple food crops. As GM crops are being adopted in various locations with different ecosystems, a scientifically based understanding of the environmental effects of cultivations of GM crops would assist decision makers worldwide in ensuring environmental safety and sustainability. In this paper are discussed some of the most important problems related to the GM crops into the environment such as: plant protection, hybridisation, ecological effects of HRCs, gene flow, biodiversity, stress, ecological risks (ERA), effects on the soil ecosystem etc.
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Rodríguez, Jon Paul, David A. Keith, Kathryn M. Rodríguez-Clark, Nicholas J. Murray, Emily Nicholson, Tracey J. Regan, Rebecca M. Miller et al. "A practical guide to the application of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems criteria". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, n. 1662 (19 febbraio 2015): 20140003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0003.
Abstract (sommario):
The newly developed IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is part of a growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity, which addresses ecosystems and their functioning. The Red List of Ecosystems standard allows systematic assessment of all freshwater, marine, terrestrial and subterranean ecosystem types in terms of their global risk of collapse. In addition, the Red List of Ecosystems categories and criteria provide a technical base for assessments of ecosystem status at the regional, national, or subnational level. While the Red List of Ecosystems criteria were designed to be widely applicable by scientists and practitioners, guidelines are needed to ensure they are implemented in a standardized manner to reduce epistemic uncertainties and allow robust comparisons among ecosystems and over time. We review the intended application of the Red List of Ecosystems assessment process, summarize ‘best-practice’ methods for ecosystem assessments and outline approaches to ensure operational rigour of assessments. The Red List of Ecosystems will inform priority setting for ecosystem types worldwide, and strengthen capacity to report on progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity. When integrated with other IUCN knowledge products, such as the World Database of Protected Areas/Protected Planet, Key Biodiversity Areas and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Red List of Ecosystems will contribute to providing the most complete global measure of the status of biodiversity yet achieved.
44
Bland, Lucie M., Tracey J. Regan, Minh Ngoc Dinh, Renata Ferrari, David A. Keith, Rebecca Lester, David Mouillot, Nicholas J. Murray, Hoang Anh Nguyen e Emily Nicholson. "Using multiple lines of evidence to assess the risk of ecosystem collapse". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, n. 1863 (20 settembre 2017): 20170660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0660.
Abstract (sommario):
Effective ecosystem risk assessment relies on a conceptual understanding of ecosystem dynamics and the synthesis of multiple lines of evidence. Risk assessment protocols and ecosystem models integrate limited observational data with threat scenarios, making them valuable tools for monitoring ecosystem status and diagnosing key mechanisms of decline to be addressed by management. We applied the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems criteria to quantify the risk of collapse of the Meso-American Reef, a unique ecosystem containing the second longest barrier reef in the world. We collated a wide array of empirical data (field and remotely sensed), and used a stochastic ecosystem model to backcast past ecosystem dynamics, as well as forecast future ecosystem dynamics under 11 scenarios of threat. The ecosystem is at high risk from mass bleaching in the coming decades, with compounding effects of ocean acidification, hurricanes, pollution and fishing. The overall status of the ecosystem is Critically Endangered (plausibly Vulnerable to Critically Endangered), with notable differences among Red List criteria and data types in detecting the most severe symptoms of risk. Our case study provides a template for assessing risks to coral reefs and for further application of ecosystem models in risk assessment.
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Popov, Artem. "Ecosystem as a mechanism of public-private partnership". Theoretical economics, n. 3 (31 marzo 2024): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52957/2221-3260-2024-3-45-56.
Abstract (sommario):
This very study considers the background and possibilities of implementation ecosystem in the governmental toolbar for the strategic projects.
The urgency of the problem is caused by the list of factors, including:
- negative external background, affecting the availability of resources, technologies and specialists for the implementation of transformation tasks;
- lack of socio-economic institutes which are ready to ensure the realization strategic goals at the operational level;
- the need for rapid restructuring of the national economy, which can be provided through mechanisms of operational interaction between the government, business and the population.
Most modern studies don’t analyze ecosystems as a tool for the supporting of strategic goals of the national economy.
The purpose of the study is to identify opportunities and risks for the government and society while using ecosystems in realization strategic state goals.
The purpose of the study predetermined the following tasks:
- Determination of the impact of negative external factors of the transformation of the national economy.
- The role and functions of ecosystems in the implementation of strategic objectives of the national economy.
- Scenarios and risks of ecosystem impact growth.
The following tools are used in the study: structural and institutional analyze, modeling and forecasting. The ecosystem is considered as a complex integration platform that unites consumers and producers into a single system through end-to-end sales channels, a single financial infrastructure and communication standards. As the best practices of interaction between ecosystems and the state, the experience of implementing complex projects of the largest national ecosystems was used: Sber, MTS, Rostelecom, Yandex.
The paper proposes the current scheme of interaction between the ecosystem and the government in the framework of the realization strategic transformation programs. The scheme is formed on the basis of a sophisticated business model (B2G2B2C), involving the participation of all macroeconomic agents. The scheme presents several functional contours: the formation and execution of a complex regional order (the essential contour of agent interaction), financial interaction between participants.
The second part of the study examines scenarios for the development of the relationship between the ecosystem and the state from the position of influence on society, taking into account two variables: the willingness of the state to play an active role in regulating the activities of ecosystems within the national contour; the level of favorability of external rejection for ecosystems. As a result, 4 scenarios were considered that answer the questions of ecosystem development, their contribution to public welfare, and work with innovations.
46
Korvat, Olena. "Formation of state policy in the sphere of digital platforms and ecosystems". Law and innovations, n. 3 (43) (10 gennaio 2023): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2023-3(43)-11.
Abstract (sommario):
Problem setting. The scientific work is devoted to the study of directions and measures of regulation of digital platforms and digital ecosystems. The functioning of digital platforms and ecosystems has its advantages, but citizens, businesses and the state face risks of information security, inequality of relations, loss of sovereignty. That is why in countries with a developed digital economy, the issue of state regulation of platforms and ecosystems is among the priorities. For Ukraine, which is significantly lagging behind in the application of breakthrough innovations, it is important to study world experience in order to develop its own state policy. analysis of recent researches and publications. The issues of regulation of digital platforms and ecosystems are discussed in the scientific literature. In the studies of scientists, in particular, B. Chew, M. Jacobides, B. Kyra, J. Wu, a wide range of aspects are considered, such as the complexity of developing regulatory solutions in the digital economy due to constant innovations, the specifics of protecting competition, data, and human rights in digital ecosystems, the need for regular rethinking and updating of state influence approaches, the need for big data analytics by regulators to identify patterns of behavior of subjects, the feasibility of building a national digital ecosystem of state regulation. The question of the specifics of the development and implementation of an effective state policy in the field of digital ecosystems for emerging economies remains unexplored. Purpose of the research is to substantiate theoretical provisions, analyze legislation and develop practical recommendations for the formation of a state policy for the regulation of digital platforms and ecosystems in Ukraine. article’s main body. To solve the problems of the ecosystem economy, the European Union adopted a number of regulatory documents regulating the activities of digital platforms, in particular the Law on Digital Markets and the Law on Digital Services. The regulatory requirements of the EU for digital platforms are aimed at reducing the risks of monopolization, unfair competition, security of data and operations, misuse of information. Similar requirements can and should be introduced in developing countries. It is important for all countries to ensure the security and stability of a single digital ecosystem. To measure progress in achieving the EU’s digital development goals by 2030, the EU has introduced monitoring measures. On the basis of monitoring, it is expedient for each country to form state supervision over the functioning of digital ecosystems. The systematic approach to the formation of state policy is as follows. The strategic goal of regulating digital platforms and ecosystems must be aligned with national goals. The chosen goal should be decomposed by levels and directions for systematic processing and implementation of strategic decisions. Policy tasks should be defined taking into account the goals, identified weaknesses, risks and threats. conclusions and prospects for the development. States should respond to the potential and existing dangers of the ecosystem economy through the implementation of a policy for the regulation of digital platforms and ecosystems and its systematic updating. In conditions of insufficient funding and in the case of technological lag, emerging countries can implement effective low-cost public policy by implementing regulatory requirements for digital platforms, state supervision in the field of ecosystem economy, development of regulatory measures taking into account a systemic approach. The perspective of further research is the systematic analysis of risks in digital ecosystems and the development of regulatory measures for their management.
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Leach, Melissa, Bernard Bett, M. Said, Salome Bukachi, Rosemary Sang, Neil Anderson, Noreen Machila et al. "Local disease–ecosystem–livelihood dynamics: reflections from comparative case studies in Africa". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, n. 1725 (5 giugno 2017): 20160163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0163.
Abstract (sommario):
This article explores the implications for human health of local interactions between disease, ecosystems and livelihoods. Five interdisciplinary case studies addressed zoonotic diseases in African settings: Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Kenya, human African trypanosomiasis in Zambia and Zimbabwe, Lassa fever in Sierra Leone and henipaviruses in Ghana. Each explored how ecological changes and human–ecosystem interactions affect pathogen dynamics and hence the likelihood of zoonotic spillover and transmission, and how socially differentiated peoples’ interactions with ecosystems and animals affect their exposure to disease. Cross-case analysis highlights how these dynamics vary by ecosystem type, across a range from humid forest to semi-arid savannah; the significance of interacting temporal and spatial scales; and the importance of mosaic and patch dynamics. Ecosystem interactions and services central to different people's livelihoods and well-being include pastoralism and agro-pastoralism, commercial and subsistence crop farming, hunting, collecting food, fuelwood and medicines, and cultural practices. There are synergies, but also tensions and trade-offs, between ecosystem changes that benefit livelihoods and affect disease. Understanding these can inform ‘One Health’ approaches towards managing ecosystems in ways that reduce disease risks and burdens. This article is part of the themed issue ‘One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being’.
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Lee, Calvin K. F., Clare Duncan, Emily Nicholson, Temilola E. Fatoyinbo, David Lagomasino, Nathan Thomas, Thomas A. Worthington e Nicholas J. Murray. "Mapping the Extent of Mangrove Ecosystem Degradation by Integrating an Ecological Conceptual Model with Satellite Data". Remote Sensing 13, n. 11 (22 maggio 2021): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112047.
Abstract (sommario):
Anthropogenic and natural disturbances can cause degradation of ecosystems, reducing their capacity to sustain biodiversity and provide ecosystem services. Understanding the extent of ecosystem degradation is critical for estimating risks to ecosystems, yet there are few existing methods to map degradation at the ecosystem scale and none using freely available satellite data for mangrove ecosystems. In this study, we developed a quantitative classification model of mangrove ecosystem degradation using freely available earth observation data. Crucially, a conceptual model of mangrove ecosystem degradation was established to identify suitable remote sensing variables that support the quantitative classification model, bridging the gap between satellite-derived variables and ecosystem degradation with explicit ecological links. We applied our degradation model to two case-studies, the mangroves of Rakhine State, Myanmar, which are severely threatened by anthropogenic disturbances, and Shark River within the Everglades National Park, USA, which is periodically disturbed by severe tropical storms. Our model suggested that 40% (597 km2) of the extent of mangroves in Rakhine showed evidence of degradation. In the Everglades, the model suggested that the extent of degraded mangrove forest increased from 5.1% to 97.4% following the Category 4 Hurricane Irma in 2017. Quantitative accuracy assessments indicated the model achieved overall accuracies of 77.6% and 79.1% for the Rakhine and the Everglades, respectively. We highlight that using an ecological conceptual model as the basis for building quantitative classification models to estimate the extent of ecosystem degradation ensures the ecological relevance of the classification models. Our developed method enables researchers to move beyond only mapping ecosystem distribution to condition and degradation as well. These results can help support ecosystem risk assessments, natural capital accounting, and restoration planning and provide quantitative estimates of ecosystem degradation for new global biodiversity targets.
49
Beauquier, Sophie, Rodolphe Gilbin, Yann Billarand, Jean-Marc Bonzom, Olivier Radakovitch, Felipe Ramirez Goni e Marie Simon-Cornu. "Strengths of ecosystem services concept for radiation protection". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 199, n. 8-9 (24 maggio 2023): 698–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad122.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The successful ecosystem services concept, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems is still not really reflected in the current approaches for protecting public and environment against radiation promoted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection or other similar approaches. Yet some recent thoughts from international organizations lead us to believe that an eco-based approach could be more promoted in the coming years in environmental radiation protection field. The French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety has identified different fields of application of this concept into radiation protection, in line with its integrated approach of radiological risks management. As the ecosystem services approach makes it possible to highlight biophysical and socio-economic approaches of the impacts of ionizing radiation on ecosystems, it represents a subject of primary importance for future works conducted by IRSN. However, the operationality of the ecosystem services concept is the subject of many debates. In many situations, scientists have not yet fully understood how radioactive contamination could affect ecosystem services, and how to articulate with certainty cause and effect relationships between state of an ecosystem and provision of services. In addition, the concept is also accompanied by contradictory perceptions of the status of humans in ecosystems. To solve these knowledge gaps and uncertainties, it is necessary to acquire robust data on the impacts of radiation on ecosystems both under experimental and realistic conditions, and to integrate all potential consequences (direct and indirect, ecotoxicological but also economic and cultural).
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Dong, Tian, Weihua Xu, Hua Zheng, Yang Xiao, Lingqiao Kong e Zhiyun Ouyang. "A Framework for Regional Ecological Risk Warning Based on Ecosystem Service Approach: A Case Study in Ganzi, China". Sustainability 10, n. 8 (1 agosto 2018): 2699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082699.
Abstract (sommario):
Worldwide, most ecosystem services have declined. However, the theoretical and analytical frameworks for the ecological risk assessment of ecosystem services are still lacking. Here a framework for the risk assessment of ecosystem services was developed based on the formation, changes, risk, and management of ecosystem services. The framework was tested in Ganzi, the upstream area of the Yangtze River Basin, for the regional ecological warning of ecosystem services. Ecosystem services in the form of soil retention and sandstorm prevention and ecological risks including soil and wind erosion were modelled. The results showed that with the increase in area and quality of natural vegetation (forest and grassland), the soil retention service and sandstorm prevention service increased by 66.92% and 8.59% between 2000 and 2015, respectively. Correspondingly, the ecological risk of soil erosion decreased by 8.8%, and wind erosion remained stable. Despite the negative impacts from agricultural development on sandstorm prevention, the increase in vegetation and improvement in ecological quality led to a decrease in the ecological risks of soil erosion and sandstorm erosion by improvement of ecosystem services. This research provides a new perspective for ecological risk assessment, as well as direct management information on ecological risks, by incorporating ecosystem services.