Tesi sul tema "Économie sociale et solidaire – Japon"
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Takatsu, Ryunosuke. "Innovation sociale et développement local : le cas des « Plus Beaux Villages » (au Japon, en France et dans le monde)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REN20018.
Testo completoThe decline of rural communities threatened by desertification is one of the main social problems of industrialized countries. Waves of modernization have disrupted the traditional way of life in many villages. Faced with this, citizens have launched initiatives that we have made the experimental field of our thesis. To this end, we have mobilized a number of theories to analyze one of these initiatives, known as the "Most Beautiful Villages". The "Plus Beaux Villages" concept was developed for a revitalization project based on a different model from those based on economic growth. We show what drives its implementation, drawing on theories of innovation. These theories, first introduced in the field of technological change and economic growth, have been extended to other fields, and more recently to the analysis of dynamics that transform society. This extension has drawn on several disciplines, giving rise to the concept of social innovation, which we use to analyze the complex dynamics of local development. The aim of this thesis is to "propose and support, through cases of successful experimentation, an argument drawn from the whole range of innovation theories and adapted to the implementation and deciphering of changes designed to revitalize small rural communities". By comparing theoretical and practical arguments, our research shows that economic and political democratization on the one hand, and cooperation involving a large number of internal and external actors on the other hand, are essential factors in the local development of the villages
Ros, Elodie. "Le Réseau de l’Économie Alternative et Solidaire (REAS) : pratique militante, forme d’engagement et projet politique dans le mouvement de l’économie solidaire en France (1990-2000)". Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080037/document.
Testo completoThis work is the result of empirical research conducted on a French network for an alternativeeconomy named REAS and its defenders. The aim is to study the origins of its program usingthe history and backgrounds of its campaigners as a starting point. From 1990 to 1998, theREAS has tried to bring together various initiatives of solidarity-based economic systems inorder to push its political program to the forefront of the public debate.We have wondered whether this program and the militancy which characterizes it were butthe translation of a propensity for activism truly Christian in origin or whether it ratherstemmed from the coming together of various traditions of militancy.A reconstruction of the individual backgrounds of activists from the REAS was possiblethanks to field research, based on a close study of the archives and the periodical which thenetwork published but most importantly on about sixty interviews held with members of theREAS. The research has proven that each age group (under 35, aged 35 to 45 and over 45years old) was characterized by its own specific dynamics and form of militancy.The older members bring with them a leftwing Christian dimension which the intermediateage group politicizes while the younger members contribute to daily awareness and localintegration. The political program of REAS and its members’ militancy can therefore bedefined as an elective affinity bringing together three originally distinct groups. Therefore, ifthe influence and dynamics of each group may be felt, the program for REAS can only bedefined through their combination. Nevertheless, elective affinity theoretically only happensbetween two elements. The possibility of elective affinity happening between three elementsseems unprecedented and would deserve closer inspection
Sawadogo, Raouda. "La dimension autogestionnaire de l'économie sociale : Mythes et réalités". Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010005.
Testo completoDragan, Alexandru. "Emergence et structuration de l'économie sociale et solidaire en Roumanie". Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0008/document.
Testo completoRomania evolved in a very short time from an authoritarian centralism to a decentralized pluralism. Its inscription on the Western political axis, joining NATO an the EU, intensified extremal control mechanisms, particularly in the field of justice and "freedom" (of expression, of the press, etc) Broadly, the major challenge was the consolidation of democracy. To accomplish this, the mergence of civil society and social and solidarity economy's organizations was essential. In post-communist countries, the organizations of the social and solidarity economy experienced a renaissance after the fall of the Communist. On the one hand, cooperatives and mutual insurance systems, althought present in the economy during communism, gained their internal freedom of democratic decision. On the other hand, associations and foundations, previously forbidden, began to appear. We are talking about the emergence, in the sense of an appearance of a social economic and political fact. The aim of this study is to analyze the Romanian social and solidarity economy through a geographical approach, on several scales. The reference of the study will be the Western region of Romania, through five study areas. The purpose of the thesis is to understand what the social and solidarity economy (SSE) is in the Romanian post-communist context and about what kind of emergence and structuring can we deal in the Western region of Romania
Vanucci, Paul. "L'inversion de l’échelle des salaires dans une économie libérale, sociale et solidaire". Corte, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CORTA002.
Testo completoThe Theory of the Inversion of the Salary Scale in a Liberal, Social and Interdependent Economy generates a veritable "upheaval"of mentalities since it proposes reasonable pay according to the employment or the qualifications of each young person entering into the job market at the highest level in digressive installments until midway in their career and then paid progressively until retirement. On a scale of 1 to 5, it is suggested to them or perhaps includes them in a disconnection of their social, interdependent and liberal benefits while dynamism of the enterprise would integrate this concept in competition with the salary. In its application, the Theory of the Inversion of the Salary Scale in a Liberal, Social and Interdependent Economy reveals the "principle of communicating vessels of varying balance". To "finance" the application of this theory we will attempt to put toghether : -The classic receipts inherent in the national budget according to the combined philosophy without indulgence- Liberalism, socialism, and interdependence. -The money poorly or "opportunely" spent, that third party accords effectively to that belonging to the group ect. We are going to look for money in the areas that give evidence of hypocrisy or "dispassionate consciences", in other words, identifying produced by drugs or money-laudering. There is nothing in any part of our spirit that gives the idea that says that we must deprive someone of that which nevertheless is, we oppose to systemetic, prolonged assistantships the undeniable source of numerous "social" evils, inded the idleness that constitutes the vector "quasi-incestuous" of violence
Belaidi, Abdelaziz. "L'économie solidaire et la régulation citoyenne". Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090056.
Testo completoThe solidarity economy, while bringing the necessary solutions to social cohesion, has still a limited impact. The needs are significant (unemployment, poverty, foreign aid. . . ) taking into account its means. Its major weakness is its financial dependence towards the public and private donors. Organizations from social society, more particularly large ONG, understood the usefulness of firms in wealth creation. The aim would be then to make them change their behaviour, for it to be respectful of human dignity and natural environment. It is related to the birth of the concepts of firms social responsibility, and sustainable development, becoming a reality through the form of ethical code or code of good behaviour. These organizations have sanction ability: denunciation and boycott
Srnec, Cynthia. "Participation et inter-coopération dans l'économie sociale et solidaire". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2111.
Testo completoThe aim of this dissertation is to understand the participation of people in the processes of governance and the inter-cooperation within the organizations and networks of the social and solidarity economy that emerged in the city of Buenos Aires after the economic crisis of 2001 in Argentina. The interest on this purpose is supported by the foundation of networks as an adequate strategy to promote the sustainability of social and solidarity economy. These organizations have grown quantitatively and qualitatively since the local crisis of 2001. An interactionist sociological approach is adopted to analyse the participation of members on its own framework of action and under power relations in organizations. Participation is understood in this dissertation as a social practice that is not restricted to the involvement in the governing bodies of the organization. Principally, participation has been analysed, at the individual level, by exploring the motives of action in the organizations of the actors as well as in their work spaces. This dissertation is presented in three sections. In the first part, the conceptual framework that guided the analysis on labour, identity and organizational dimensions around the participation at an individual, group and organizational-institutional level is presented. The relevance of the term of governance for self-managed organizations is discussed and the antecedents of the social and solidarity economy relevant to this topic are outlined. This section justifies the selection of the qualitative approach and choice of a case study of four organizations as well as the technique of participant observation. The second part introduces the two cases of networks of organizations (organizational networks) that emerged in 2006: a network of worker-recovered companies and a fair-trade network composed of artisan self-managed ventures linked to social movements. In the third part, two worker recovered companies -converted to worker cooperatives in 2002- are analysed in order to understand participation in grassroots organizations that constitute their job site. The analysis of these four cases made it possible to compare and contrast the participation practices of the actors, their connection with their productive activity, management and power relations. In relation to the structure of the organizations, the comparative study of the cases has discerned that neither the size nor the type of governance structures are an incentive nor a barrier to the commitment and participation of the members. The actors, both individual and collective, are restricted or promoted to participate according to their status in the cycle of life, their resources and their particular projects. But these conditions of departure do not explain the concrete participation, which will acquire a specific form according to their profile and the web of power relations in force in the organization that results in the stratification of the members. The research carried out has led to the conclusion that the participation of people associated in organizations, networks and cooperatives, is not explained either as an automatic response to ideals or for the benefits. On the contrary, participation is the result of a network of relationships between the conditions of organizations, the particular situations of the actors and their needs in a socio-historical context. The challenges identified around participation and consensus in governance as well as the maintenance and control of management are not the result of scarce resources and an unfavorable political context, but rather of the complex of the internal relations of power and their conditions for the integration of the membership and their participation
En esta investigación se propone, como objetivo general, comprender la participación de las personas en los procesos de gobierno e inter-cooperación en las organizaciones y redes de la economía social y solidaria que surgieron en Buenos Aires tras la crisis económica de 2001 en Argentina. El interés por este objeto se justifica en que la conformación de redes de organizaciones constituye una estrategia adecuada para promover la sostenibilidad de la economía social y solidaria que ha crecido cuantitativa y cualitativamente desde el 2001. Para ello se propone un enfoque de la sociología interaccionista sobre la participación de los miembros centrado en el marco de su acción bajo relaciones de poder en diferentes niveles de estas organizaciones. La participación es entendida en este trabajo como una práctica social que no se restringe a la intervención en los órganos de gobierno de la organización. La participación ha sido analizada explorando los móviles de la acción de los actores en las organizaciones y en sus espacios de trabajo. La presentación de este trabajo de investigación se subdivide en tres partes. En la primera parte se expone la discusión de la propuesta conceptual que guio el análisis sobre las dimensiones laborales, identitarias y organizacionales en torno a la participación a un nivel subjetivo, grupal y organizacional-institucional. Se discute la pertinencia del término de gobernanza para las organizaciones autogestionadas y se reseñan los antecedentes de la economía social y solidaria relevantes para este tema. En esta parte se justifica la selección del enfoque cualitativo y la estrategia metodológica que se ha basado en un estudio de caso de cuatro organizaciones y en la técnica de la observación participante. La segunda parte introduce los dos casos de redes de organizaciones que surgieron en 2006: una red de empresas recuperadas y otra red de comercio justo compuesta por emprendimientos autogestionados artesanales vinculados a movimientos sociales. En la tercera parte se analizan dos empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores y constituidas en cooperativas de trabajo en el 2002 a fin de comprender la participación en organizaciones de base que constituyen la fuente laboral de sus asociados. El análisis de estos cuatro casos ha permitido comparar y contrastar las prácticas de participación de los actores, su vinculación con la actividad productiva, la gestión y las relaciones de poder. En busca de facilitar una mirada transversal se ha elaborado una tipología de cuatro perfiles de participación (participativo, crítico, simpatizante e indiferente) que muestra los diferentes comportamientos de compromiso y contribución a pesar de que varias personas comparten identidades y condiciones personales y organizacionales. En relación con la estructura de las organizaciones, el estudio comparativo de los casos ha permitido discernir que ni el tamaño ni el tipo de gobierno son un aliciente ni tampoco una barrera para el compromiso y la participación de las personas. Los actores, tanto individuales como colectivos, se hallan restringidos o promovidos para participar de acuerdo con su estado en el ciclo de la vida, sus recursos y proyecto particular. Pero estas condiciones de partida no explican la participación concreta, la cual adquirirá una forma específica de acuerdo con su perfil y la trama de relaciones de poder vigente en la organización que se traduce en la estratificación de los miembros. El trabajo realizado ha llevado a concluir que la participación de las personas asociadas a organizaciones, y redes y cooperativas, no se explica ni como una respuesta automática a ideales (no es exclusivamente una acción militante) ni por los beneficios recibidos (no es un simple interés instrumental). Por el contrario, la participación es resultante de un entramado de relaciones entre las condiciones de las organizaciones, de las situaciones particulares de los actores y de sus necesidades en un contexto socio-histórico
Delille, Pascale. "Communication et Economie sociale et solidaire : Identification des problèmes et des solutions". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20026.
Testo completoThe following research work on Information and Communication Sciences, focuses on a fieldunderstudied by this scientific discipline, the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). It aims to identifyon one hand the communication issues among the SSE stakeholders, and to explore their relatedsolutions on the other hand. This analysis has been first based on a theoretical framework articulatingthe work of Morin, Habermas, Ostrom, and Laville. Then, three methods have then been successivelyemployed: a participative observation during an international workshop treating of all aspects of SSEcommunication; a series of semi-directive interviews with various key actors (from the solidarityinitiatives, some journalists, administrative heads, etc.), and finally an enlarged case study conductedwithin the European Parliament. This methodology allowed us to determine the recurrentcommunication issues encountered within the SSE (difficult access to its terminology, unclearheterogeneity, low-developed transversality, etc.) as well as to assess how different innovativeeconomical practices (such as PTCE, recovered enterprises, SCIC, etc.) could potentially overcomethese challenges. In conclusion, it appears from this work that the practices linked to the collaborativeeconomy, which are historically rooted within SSE, can bring an effective solution on thecommunicative level. Furthermore, and according to the new Ostrom reading greed related to thecommon goods governance, the SSE seems to be able to ensure the sustainable development of this newform of economy
Ferreira, Nathalie. "Autogestion et économie sociale : une nouvelle approche organisationnelle et institutionnelle de la firme". Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0051.
Testo completoDelille, Pascale. "Communication et Economie sociale et solidaire : Identification des problèmes et des solutions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20026.
Testo completoThe following research work on Information and Communication Sciences, focuses on a fieldunderstudied by this scientific discipline, the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). It aims to identifyon one hand the communication issues among the SSE stakeholders, and to explore their relatedsolutions on the other hand. This analysis has been first based on a theoretical framework articulatingthe work of Morin, Habermas, Ostrom, and Laville. Then, three methods have then been successivelyemployed: a participative observation during an international workshop treating of all aspects of SSEcommunication; a series of semi-directive interviews with various key actors (from the solidarityinitiatives, some journalists, administrative heads, etc.), and finally an enlarged case study conductedwithin the European Parliament. This methodology allowed us to determine the recurrentcommunication issues encountered within the SSE (difficult access to its terminology, unclearheterogeneity, low-developed transversality, etc.) as well as to assess how different innovativeeconomical practices (such as PTCE, recovered enterprises, SCIC, etc.) could potentially overcomethese challenges. In conclusion, it appears from this work that the practices linked to the collaborativeeconomy, which are historically rooted within SSE, can bring an effective solution on thecommunicative level. Furthermore, and according to the new Ostrom reading greed related to thecommon goods governance, the SSE seems to be able to ensure the sustainable development of this newform of economy
Azam, Geneviève. "De l'économie sociale au tiers-secteur : les théories économiques à l' épreuve de la coordination marchande". Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10055.
Testo completoThis study analyses the meaning and the impact of the invention of social economy and third sector as theorical and practical issues. This construction appears more a field of questionning and solving for the lack of market coordination than away to diminish the latter in a third paradigm between non-market and market coordination
Mascolo-Fortin, Éva. "Économie plurielle dans la Bolivie du « proceso de cambio » : premiers jalons d’une économie agraire sociale et solidaire?" Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23985.
Testo completoAlcolea-Bureth, Anne-Marie. "Pratiques et théories de l'économie solidaire : un essai de conceptualisation". Littoral, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DUNK0084.
Testo completoIn the past few years solidarity economy has had the lion's share of attention. We have become acquainted with this new term due to the social sciences and to national and local authorities. Actually the idea of solidarity economy, as it is still vague to many, has remained a mere notion, which justifies its status of scientific enigma. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to expand the theorical knowledge by suggesting a conceptualization which stems from the experience of various solidarity economy establishements, the economic and socio-political analysis of the third sector as well as the territorial economy. The association of this empirical data has led us to elaborate a concept of synthesis : "territorial solidarity economy". On the basis of socio-economic analysis and after pointing to the flaws of the markets and the state, this elected approach identifies the characteristics of solidarity economy establishements. The particularity of these characteristics is due to the way they function and in the territorially embedded nature of their practice. On a theoretical level, this thesis signals : firstly, the end of the dichotomy of the economic and the socio-political approaches to the third sector ; secondly, it suggests the implementation of a foundation to designate social economy as a scientific subject ; thirdly, because of the multiple means of coordination between the various parties of economic life discussed in this thesis, this research becomes perfectly integrated in today's necessity to set up the concepts of a multiple economy
Bezerra, de Farias Flavio. "L'Etat et le processus de socialisation capitaliste au Brésil". Paris 13, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA131008.
Testo completoElaboration of certain strategic hypotheses for a materialist theory of the capitalist state, by utilization of the marxist methodology. Use of these hypotheses to grasp the various determinations of the state as being a specific social form. Development of these hypotheses, on the one hand, by the intermediary of the category of the syllogism of the state (the state form, the form of state and the form of the state) and considering the determination, in the last instance, by the economy; on the other hand, by means of the distinction between state forms and state functions, between the nature of the state and it's role in the economy. Critical analysis of the recent contributions to a materialist approach of the contemporary capitalist state, both in the center and the periphery : taking stock of the contributions of marxist authors concerning the teleology, the mediation and the particularisation of the state in these concret situations. Study of the genesis of management by the state fo social relations mediated by means of money and of salary in brazil : inquiry into a concret experience of formal and fonctional disarticulation of the state totality
Ben, Lazrak Asma. "Empowerment et économie sociale et solidaire : étude de cas d'organisations féminines en Afrique de l'Ouest". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAE004/document.
Testo completoThe objectives of this work are to analyse different practices of social and solidarity economy that enable African women to move beyond vulnerability. Income generating activities involve both an increase in individual and collective empowerment of women, and in addition - further development of their communities. African women are key agents of change through individual actions, but most of all - though collective once. In Africa, as well as in various countries of the South, female organisations are not only a place for women to gain some economic independence, but a genuine areas of freedom and exchange, that allow them to come out of isolation, to learn new skills, and to have more esteem and self-confidence as individuals in their own rights alongside the men in a patriarchal societies. It is through these activities that women strengthen their role, their social status, and reinforce their femininity and presence Women's organisations, in different degree, manage to gain some success. The positive impact of women's participation in these groups suggests that the individual or collective empowerment of poor women is possible by opting for alternative solutions based on practical and collective actions that develop more capacity and greater freedom. In this sense, Sen's capability approach is relevant to the extent, that it reinforces the importance of women's activities within the social economy, thereby strengthening the gains in terms of empowerment. The main function of female economic organisations is to enable women members to be able to support themselves through mobilisation and redistribution of resources and therefore help them out of poverty. These women who are active in organisations and are often responsible for the family, often seek most financial means to meet their family and social obligations. Through our work, we have identified further significant gains for women as individuals, as well as in a collective, but these gains are less quantifiable. The context of crisis and insecurity gives women's activities a very important social role especially in the South, where the feminisation of poverty is important
Besançon, Emmanuelle. "Théories et pratiques du changement institutionnel en économie solidaire : une approche institutionnaliste par l'innovation sociale". Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0055.
Testo completoInstitutional change appears as an essential element in the theory of solidarity economy. If it does put forward a conception of institutional change as democratie change (democratization of the political and economie life), we argue that this one, considering its complexity, cannot be approached at a global level. Starting from how it is viewed by theorists of the solidarity economy, we have sought to identify concrete forms and practices taking an active part in institutional change, as well as to highlight the processes by which they diffuse into the economy. Also, we advocate in this thesis the fact that an approach based on social innovation is more than relevant. Besides the growing interest it is currently attracting, we insist on the double process of creation and diffusion of innovations, but also on the transformation of the institutions that appear as the players aim. Thus, the understanding of institutional change underlying solidarity economy can be improved by an institutionalist analysis of its economie implications. This proposal seems all the more well-founded that solidarity economy, as being a recent theoretical field, is still widely perceived as a non-economic issue. Therefore, this contribution hopes to improve the analysis of institutional change in solidarity economy
Roglian, Jean-Claude. "Dynamique d'évolution du secteur non marchand : le cas de la prévoyance complémentaire". Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX24014.
Testo completoCarvalho, de Franca Filho Genauto. "Sociétés en mutation : le phénomène de l'économie solidaire en question, l'expérience des "régies de quartier" au carrefour des logiques diverses". Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070096.
Testo completoThe present work discusses about the reality of a solidarity's economy searching to comprehend the singularity of that phenomenon. This discussion is centered, in particular, in the French acceptation term, concerning to the European context, in a larger point of view. It considers, in this phenomenon analysis, its inscription in a social dynamics around of the idea of the new solidarity forms, aiming to reflect it linking to the context of a new social question in France. Reason because of that are also treated (in a indirectly way), in this work, some themes like the exclusion question, the new urban management politics, the "banlieue" subject and the social insertion problem. These subjects are considered as preliminary elements to the comprehension not only of general subject of this thesis (solidarity's economy), but to one of their forms of solid manifesting of the reality also. It means to say this work still contains a case study, including, at the same time, the net of "régies de quartier" in France (particular kind of association considered as a insertion mechanism into the economic activity by the state) and one of their solids experiences : the "régie quartier" "Collinet Services", localized in the city of Meaux (surrounding the east Paris ). At the conclusion of this work, it interrogates the universal reach of that phenomenon, reflecting about the context of the new social situation in Brazil. The objective is to try tracking the singularity of a Brazilian solidarity's economy
Durand, Estelle. "Les représentations du travail dans le secteur associatif : bénévoles-salariés : étude comparative". Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100180.
Testo completoNowadays, the associative sector employs an increasing number of salaried workers to administrate its activities. Associations thos find themselves in an innovative situation, in which voluntary and paid workers work side by side. In order to understand the importance and meaning attributed to work in a sector where employment is not a priority, we have studied the case/representation of the work carried out by associative actors (voluntary and salaried) in a MJC (Association for youth and culture) which is unked to "l'Education Populaire". Work in such a structure takes on its true meaning and represents the innovation of an socio-economical factor within a society which is suffering from an employment "crisis"
Badet, François. "L'économie alternative de l'expérimentation à la théorisation". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010024.
Testo completoThe socio-economic and environmental crises seem to show the failure of the traditional economic policies now, since the sixties, the alternative economics maintains the idea that the economy is a political matter and that it is the matter of everybody. This conception leads to go beyond the traditional opposition between the welfare state and the law of the market. This take-over of the economy back to the people takes the forms of economic practices of solidarity and economic democracy. It finds its roots in the utopian socialisms of the last century. Simultaneously, it induces to question the main economic theories and it proposes an alternative approach of the economy. It considers the person rather than the homo oeconomicus, the political society rather than the merchant space, a generous environment rather than an illimited one, advanced intelligibility schemes rather than mechanism. This approach is grounded on small is beautiful, the gandhian economics, the maussian gift, the humanistic economics, the bio-economics, the feminism. . . This way, the economic thought opens itself to the other sciences et to the human questions. This approach allows a different analysis of the problems of the moment : unemployment is seen as a mutation of the economic development, the under-development as the diversion of the flows by the developped countries, environmental crisis as the conflict between two logics. The economic logic itself is in question. It defines new tools, like alternative indicators. These count social and environmental indicators and are build in order to be used by the concerned people. It promotes a new definition of work, the share of the working time, a basic income and the multi-activity; a reinstatement of the biosphere, with the ecological firms and the normative management; and the institution of a third sector that gives the control over the economy back to the community
Lamari, Siham. "Economie solidaire et développement local : quelques expériences marocaines". Littoral, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DUNK0195.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the role of the interdependent economy in the local development. It highlights the relevance if the north-south approaches that value the concept of territory in the interdependent economy process. This demonstration is elaborated in connection with the concept of uncertainty and its treatment by the institutionalism theory. To do so, it highlights the incompleteness of the paradigm of market and the failures of the development models “from the top”. This first step will emphasize and explores the diversity and the plurality of local practices. It is from this research that it addresses the new local development pratices. Lastly, this theoretical argumentation finds its empirical illustration in the micro-credit and in the practical experiments resulting from the changes in Morocco’s today. Finally, this thesis develops an approach that humanizes economic development by demonstrating that the social bond that destroyed the market has become vital not only for the company but also for the economy itself
Chamsi, Abdelfettah. "La reconnaissance de l'économie solidaire". Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EVRY0041.
Testo completoThe social economy joins in the french debates on the value and the centrality of the work in the modern societies. It experiments alternative tracks which allow to reconcile monetary and not monetary resources and which aim at landing at the crisis of the industrial societie model. This study shows in what the principles of the social economy make a viable economy. The history of the social economy is confidentially connected to the previous history of the families which compose it (associations, cooperatives, mutual insurance companies). And if they resist for a very long time to the assaults and to the attacks of the free market economy it is because they draw their capacity in the general principle of the democratic self-management by the individuals. The social associative networks become dense and coherent but they are still very split up even they acquired gradually in the course of these last ten years an indisputable professional dimension. Through precise examples, inquiries and testimonies, I explain how the social economy introduced the implementation of projects of insertion both to the local level and to the international level
Duracka, Nicolas. "L'innovation sociale chez les acteurs de l'économie sociale et solidaire en Auvergne : une approche communicationnelle". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20028/document.
Testo completoEach periods of crisis in contemporary history has been marked by a series of social upheavals that could be called social innovations. They bring together, in a collective and ascending momentum, a myriad of citizen movements that aim at the response to social needs not very satisfied by the State and the market. Moreover, by relying on a set of organizations of the social and solidarity economy, they pursue a quest for democratization of economic activity. Therefore, is to better understand these phenomena of social transformation that this work tries to mobilize the information and communication sciences. In other words, in an exploratory approach, he questions the role of communication in the institutional capacity for change brought about by these initiatives. A first theoretical analysis allows to highlight the heterogeneity of the social innovation movement among social and solidarity economy actors. In this context, she underlines the tendency of these organizations to seize strategic communication practices (marketing and management), although they are historically invested with a political and symbolic role, telling her the need to seize a more critical repertory of communication. Consequently, a second empirical analysis, whose epistemological foundations are found in Edgar Morin's theory of complexity and in a reflexive approach, shows that the analysis of citizen initiatives must be based on very different communicational inputs. More precisely, different levels of communication analysis of these actors make it possible to update the transformative, or isomorphic, capacities of socially innovative initiatives of the social and solidarity economy. In conclusion, what this study tells us is that the social transformation that germinates in these organizations can only be analyzed through a praxeological approach to communication. In other words, communicative praxis, as an organizing activity of shared perspective in a public space of proximity, is a typifying activity of habits, vector of institutional change
Gardin, Laurent. "Une contribution à la nouvelle sociologie économique : réciprocité et économie solidaire". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0461.
Testo completoBidet, Éric. "Economie sociale et tiers-secteur en Corée du sud". Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100065.
Testo completoLafarge, Hervé. "Mesure de la responsabilite sociale des entreprises et organisations : cas d'évaluation socio-économique d'organisations de l'économie sociale et solidaire". Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2006_out_lafarge_h.pdf.
Testo completoNon-profit organizations have undertaken organizational, business and legal changes. Accused to be in competition with private companies, they now have to demonstrate both their social and economic contribution. Based on an action-research experiment, we provide metrics on their social responsibility, value added and therefore their social and economic contribution to their stakeholders. Thirst part of the dissertation presents the opinion of the actors of non-profit organizations on the meaning of their strategic responsibility and their capacity to create value. The second part contributes to the issue of the specify of non-profit organizations in their social goals, the efficiency of the investment in the social project based on qualitative, quantitative and financials indicators. Several management tools provide an evaluation to measure the responsibility score of non-profit organizations
Chochoy, Nicolas. "L'encastrement politique des marchés, de l'imaginaire aux modes d'action : une illustration par l'économie solidaire". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0059.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with a supposedly elusive and controversial metaphor : embeddedness. With the works of economic sociology, we first analyze the ways in which this process is envisaged in the theory of solidarity economy, in viewpoint of reciprocity (i); by getting complex methodological individualism, we then propose to expand this représentation through a review of the process of recomposition of the social whole (ii); using inputs from institutional economics, this analysis leads to a representation of disembeddedness, which teaches us about the process of embedding itself. Then we consider two complementary and non exhaustive perspectives, the symbolic and territorial embeddedness (iii), making the solidarity economy an economic solution in front of the political problem of disembeddedness
Roussel, Erick. "Marché et lien social : une approche par l'économie solidaire et plurielle : l'expérience de la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais". Littoral, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DUNK0128.
Testo completoThe main goal of this doctorate is to identify the economic and social inadequacies of the market economy in order to lay the theoretical basis of a plural and solidarity-orientated economy. Taking the limitations of the standard theory as a starting point, it underlines the necessity to promote a plurality of coordinating methods. The concepts of the market seen as a self-regulating structure leading to full employment and social harmony is strongly challenged, while the insufficiencies of public policies are brought into question. The merchandising of society inevitably leads to the loosening of the social bond. Solidarity economy organisations are analysed as structures generating meaning, cohesion and support for populations that have been marginalised by all-out competition. This deciphering resorts to non-standard economic theories (economy of organisations and conventions) as well as to others, such as the theories of sites, which underline the intertwined character of the dissident, social and solidarity-conscious economy. This thesis is abundantly illustrated, on the empirical level, by a great many associative experiments that have been led in Nord-Pas de Calais. The contribution to economic and social wealth is discussed in this work through the notion of social and environmental usefulness. Returning to an economy placing the human being at its heart will inevitably lead to the construction of a great paradigm based on the careful and harmonious articulation of many economic systems : monetary, non-monetary and reciprocal. It is under this light that the paradigm of a plural and solidarity-conscious economy looks an extremely promising project for the future
Alcalde, Castro Reynalda Bérénice. "L'économie sociale et solidaire face à la question du travail. Une comparaison Mexique-France". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0120.
Testo completoFor several decades, neo-liberal economic theories have attempted to validate the “all market” principle, arguing that human activities can best realized under a free market system. However, the numerous economic crises have further exacerbated inequalities and have highlighted the lack of employment opportunities for all. In response to this problem, the social question has focused mainly on the relationship between income and work as a form of redistribution of wealth.Therefore, another “world” is not only desirable but necessary. Under this context, the social and solidarity-based economy (SSE) is presented as an "alternative model” to neo-liberalism. This model implies a certain ambivalence, on the one hand, is the desire to place people’s welfare at the centre of the concern and not capital, which leads to the search for a different approach capable of resisting the pressure of capitalism. On the other hand, is to be a palliative that contributes to solve, in the short term, the problems that the system faces by continuously reintegrating by various means, , individuals who have been excluded from the labour market, beginning with the acceptance of the fact that wage relations enable access to fundamental rights.In the face of this, it is worth asking: what is the contribution of the social and solidarity economy to the construction of alternative solutions to the issue of work? Based on this question and by exploring the concepts and history of the SSE, this research first presents nine principles to differentiate SSE from capitalist economy. Subsequently, the study establishes five axes of action related to work: solidarity finance; guidance and professional training; cooperation mechanisms and networks for the promotion of work; local and territorial development; and promotion, awareness-raising and intervention in favour of work and employment.Through a comparative analysis between Mexico and France, the research breaks down the specific practices of the ESS, including case studies, and the principles and axes of action determined by the use of quantitative and qualitative instruments. As a result, it seeks to bring out the convergences and divergences, and open room for further debate and to identify new challenges posed by the matter
Durante varias décadas, las teorías económicas neoliberales han intentado validar el principio de mercado total, sosteniendo que las actividades humanas pueden realizarse mejor en mercados libres. Sin embargo, las diversas crisis han profundizado las desigualdades y han puesto de manifiesto la insuficiencia de empleo para todos. La cuestión social se ha enfocado principalmente alrededor de la relación ingreso y trabajo como forma de redistribución de la riqueza.Otro mundo no sólo es deseable sino necesario; en este contexto, la economía social y solidaria (ESS), es presentada como “un modelo” alternativo al neoliberalismo, la cual conlleva una ambivalencia, por un lado, el anhelo de poner en el centro de su preocupación el bienestar de las personas, y no el capital, lo que implica la búsqueda de una lógica de trabajo distinta capaz de resistir a la presión del capitalismo; y por otro lado, ser un paliativo que contribuye a resolver, a corto plazo, los problemas que enfrenta el sistema, reinsertando por diversas vías, una y otra vez, a los individuos que han sido excluidos del mercado laboral, partiendo de la aceptación de la relación salarial como acceso a derechos fundamentales. Frente a ello, vale la pena preguntarse: ¿cuál es la aportación de la economía social y solidaria a la construcción de alternativas frente la cuestión del trabajo? Con base en esta pregunta y partiendo de un estudio sobre los conceptos e historia de la ESS, primeramente, esta investigación plantea nueve principios para diferenciar a la ESS de la economía capitalista. Posteriormente, se establecen cinco ejes de acción relacionados al trabajo: finanzas solidarias; acompañamiento y formación socio-profesional; mecanismos y redes de cooperación para el impulso al trabajo; desarrollo local y territorial; y promoción, sensibilización e intervención en favor del trabajo y del empleo. A través de una comparación entre México y Francia, se disgrega dentro del complejo quehacer de la ESS, las prácticas específicas de dicha temática, entretejiendo los casos de estudio, con los principios y ejes de acción determinados, producto de la utilización de instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos, para poner en evidencia sus convergencias y divergencias, que abren una ventana de debate y desafíos en la materia
Chevallier, Marius. "Démesure de la réactivité et de l'expertise : tempérance du sens vécu et de la stabilité : le cas des coopératives". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10024/document.
Testo completoEconomics, as surveyed in Econlit and Business Source Complete journals, is strongly critical about the efficiency of cooperative firms. That survey is completed by a comparative analysis on employment characteristics in stock companies and cooperative firms (INSEE French data on 780 jobs in cooperatives and 26000 jobs in stock companies). Results are that cooperatives show a low degree of reactivity and expertise. Thus the understanding of the survival of cooperatives requires to show that the excessive hold of those principles of reactivity and expertise on current behaviors are sources of inefficiency (negative externalities, under-utilization of internal competences, etc), whereas the opposite principles of stability and experienced sense are sources of efficiency (tacit and informal knowledge of the environment). Expertise and reactivity form an abstract rationality while stability and experienced sense form a concrete one. Concrete and abstract rationalities are alternative viable sources of efficiency. But in a context where reactivity and expertise have an excessive hold on behaviours, it is necessary to promote stability and experienced sense, which the promotion of cooperative firms may ensure
Gabbaî, Eric, e Jean-Charles Masson. "Le recensement des besoins dans le champ de l'économie sociale : application à la formation permanente et au logement social". Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090060.
Testo completoBovet, Anaïs. "La reconfiguration de l'utopie dans les imaginaires sociaux des acteurs/trices de l'économie sociale et solidaire au Québec et en France". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALH010.
Testo completoThe dissertation is about utopia reconfiguration in social and solidarity economy players social imagination in Quebec and France, through the food case.In the first part, it presents what the concept of utopia means in a multidisciplinary scientific literature review: noticing that the term “utopia” refers to many realizations and is used in theoretical statements sometimes opposed (chapter 1), it suggests a definition especially from Mannheim (1929) revisiting with Martuccelli (2014). The problematical issue of this definition results in a tension between utopia as a global phenomenon opposed to ideology and utopia as it materializes in limited actions.A second part sets the methodology out. Interviews are a privileged way to understand players social imagination in their diversity. They are analyzed with NVivo which functionalities are shown.In a third part, from the interviews analysis, results are described. We observe that the players have an ambiguous relation to the economic question which brings about a resourceful-improvised model: carrying out an action is preferred to taking into account the political relation to economic ideology (chapter 4). Since then, politicization, defined as the ability to generalize and make source of conflict, seems to step aside to the possibility of limited actions, answering the players search for a usefulness feeling (chapter 5).In the fourth and last part, discussion attempts to give an overview of the results. Avoiding to face a powerlessness feeling implied by the construction of a common utopian horizon, the players withdraw to the illusion of control. They do not hope for a global social transformation but focus on their own action, their commitment proving their usefulness in a tautological demonstration (chapter 6). It is instead the individual level that is being took as the container of a transformation which is not really global. Indeed, the changes hoped regarding consumption only concern insiders. As for wider behavior changes, they only apply to a dominated part of the people, whom see in the help relation led by the social and solidarity economy players the reproduction of normative summons instead of emancipation (chapter 7)
Papon-Vidal, Patricia. "L'associé coopérateur". Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0464.
Testo completoThe particularity of cooperatives also affects the status of the partner-co-operator. The partner-co-operator, as the name implies, has a dual role which requires him, both to be involved in the cooperatives's functions and to contribute to it financially. Whenever the cooperative malfunctions, the interdependent nature of the dual role is affected. However the original dual status of the partner -co-operator is always maintained, even if one of his roles takes precedence over the other
Lamarche, Thierry. "Le comité d'entreprise est-il une entreprise?" Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090021.
Testo completoThe work's council is it a firm? Social programs have evolved under pressure of employees. This thesis presents the principal areas of cultural and social activities (retirement funds, social security, mutual aid, cultural and leisure activities, food services) inferring that the work's council has an economic role in fulfilling these activities. It realizes these activities as a company, exerting the power of independent decision making and management. It can also constitute an artificial person for that. As a firm, the rules concerning its functioning must be applied. But the work's council is a special company. Its legal aim is not to make profits; it's a company within a company. The power which it exerts doesn't depend on the possession of capital; its bonus after winding up can't be shared among its members. Some of these specific traits bring it closer to companies of social economy
Amblard, Colas. "Associations et activités économiques : contribution à la théorie du tiers-secteur". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS1012.
Testo completoSince the early eighties, associations substantially entered the economic sphere. The present economic situation situation and the state policy of + dis-commitment; led this type of organizations to search for a capital stock themselves and to fulfil some economic or even commercial activities as a consequence. An interpretation of the law dated 1st july 1901 shows that nothing is determining enough to prevent this type of groups from fulfile such activities. Contrary to a generally accepted ideas, only profit-making is legal, profit sharing between members is forbidden. The common law has admitted this practice. On a regular basis, associations are allowed to perform commercial actions. However, the common law insisted on respecting the original vocation of these groups provided by the law 1901 : desinterestedness. As a consequence, a compromise between profit and desinterestedness has been found within one and only group by imposing the primacy of social purpose over the commercial activity. This original characteristic enables these new economic actors - based not on sharing profit but on the principle of a collective and durable ownership of the results reinvested in the activity - to make economic logic and social logic based on solidarity coexist. At a macro-economic level, this new approach heralds the advents of a original movement called + social economy ; and the economic weight of which is considerable. Social economy, being free from the state or the market, is more than a precise and delimited sector. It gathers all sorts of activities, with a common will: to satisfy the +general interest; buy assuming economic responsability for social needs that neither the state or the market is in a position to take into account. Today, these + social companies ; hold hope in terms of employment and social cohesion. Therefore, it is essential for them to gain the right to exist without being threatened by the market rules which would discredit their action. The european construction must play a determining part in the recognition of these new economic agents
Nouind, Justin Léopold. "La microfinance en Afrique entre tradition et modernité : essai sur la microassurance informelle". Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1010.
Testo completoMesquita, Dorothée. "Les institutions de finance solidaire et le financement de l'inclusion sociale : application au cas de la région Haute-Normandie". Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUED007.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we analyze the procedures of solidarity finance institutions both on the analytical and empirical dimensions. The aim is to clarify the methodology used by these institutions to give aid to poor populations and to asses the effects of supports proposed on recipients. The thesis emphasizes the complex nature of the relation between solidarity finance institutions and customers. This relation which is based on solidarity intermediation relationship and incentives is proved to be effective in reducing default risk. Our research also emphasizes that present solidarity institutions in Haute Normandie, target some different customers segment. Following the analysis of the access to products of solidarity finance, we finded that have mixed impacts. The credit of solidarity finance are not significant when is not associated with the accompaniment. This increase the probability of project success undertook only if the agent provides the effort
Mariaux, Sébastien. "Les organisations de l'économie sociale et solidaire face aux enjeux écologiques : stratégies de communication et d'action environnementale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0463.
Testo completoThe protection of the natural environment is a key issue for the future of humanity. SSE, which shares the principles of sustainable development, is particularly well suited to implement more environmentally friendly development alternatives. The purpose of this research is to examine the factors and modalities of environmental action in this heterogeneous economy. The thesis looks at SSE organisations from the perspective of organisational identity and focuses on environmental communication on the one hand, and concrete actions on the other. The study of environmental communication is based on the social network Twitter. It is based on a program coded in Python, and on automatic text mining techniques. It highlights several rhetorical strategies. A second study deals with seven cases, based on semi-directive interviews. It sheds light on the role of individual commitment but also on collective logic in environmental action.This work makes a methodological contribution by developing the approach of automatic text mining, which is rarely used in Management Sciences. On the theoretical level, the thesis introduces the collective dimension as anborganisational identity of the SSE. We then adapt an environmental action model by identifying an additional determinant specific to these organizations. Finally, the research invites the SSE to put ecological issues back at the centre, and gives suggestions for supporting organisations in their efforts to protect the environment
Barillot, Sébastien. "La théorie des clubs : une redéfinition du principe coopératif". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS008S.
Testo completoGuillat, Géraldine. "L'économie sociale : les SEL et les régies de quartier en Aquitaine". Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20969.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the SEL (local exchange system) and the "régies de quartier", two types of associations from which we analyse the specifity of social economy and the way it articulates social and economic logics. We start from the people's point of view and their way of achieving theses associations. We observe the way they are living them. The SEL and the "régies de quartier" are illustrations of an utopic community and a social institutionalised economy. They highlight a distance between the initial project and the way they really function. They can't avoid social inequalities and social domination. Thus, they show that social economy doesn't designate a sector defined by social, economic and specific links. It's more a space of tensions between different logics. Anyway, it has a social and political interest. It tries to bring some solidarity in society
Meyer, Maryline. "L' organisation citoyenne : contribution au renouveau de l'économie des associations". Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL2002.
Testo completoThe non-profit organizations has to coordinate the social interactions between benevolent persons whose motivations are both extrinsic (reputation-based) and intrinsic (obligation-based). Theory of organizations recommends monetary incentives to sustain cooperation between rational egoists. Such prescription neglects the intrinsic motivation of philanthropic persons. Governance of non-profit organizations is based on social capital that includes trust, social norms and social network. Peer pressure enforces social norms in the community as long as behaviors are "other-regarding". But the community grows with the social needs of society and combines monetary incentives with social norms. The motivation of volunteers is endogenous: it may decrease in presence of new market coordination mechanisms. So, motivation has to be managed by fair procedures in order that the required intrinsic motivation is not crowded out
Kane, Mouhamadou Fadil. "Articulation de l'éducation coranique et de l'économie sociale et solidaire au Sénégal". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG037.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of Koranic schools or "daaras" in the social and solidary economy development in Senegal. It examines the problematic of the adaptability of their outgoing in the professional community and the current educational policies of Senegal. Our research focused essentially on the relationships of the economic dynamics and the offered formation to the youth in a dual educative system (French and Koranic schools). This is a meticulous study combined with the effective taking into account of socio-economic and socio-educational reality and the local needs
Grandvuillemin, Sophie. "Entreprises à statut spécial et concurrence". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010330.
Testo completoBecause of their special status, some firms are in a particular situation that can break equality between the competitors and disrupt the free competition. Such is the case of the public corporations and non-profit- making enterprises. These firms have an original, hybrid status which reflect both their economic character and their first calling of public or social interest. From that point of view, the fact that they are on the market may seen incongirous. However, the subject matter of the study is to show that special status and competition have close links. First of all, the special character of firms does not act as a brake upon their integration into the competitive system. At a material level, the substantive law has accepted that the enterprises of social economy and public bodies should fully compete with the profit-making enterprises. At a legal level, the access to the market implies that the enterprises submit to the competition law, despite the specificity of their status. But, as some kind of kickback, his integration of the firms into the competitive system is done to the very detriment of the special character of their status. It leads to an equalization, eliminating certain statutory advantages and constraints. Now, this equalization goes together with unspecified special status, so much so that, in some cases, a few of them can be abandoned. As to the remaining inequalities, they must be sanctioned. The competition law proves very useful there. As a law of behaviours, it seems to become a law of deeds at the origin of inequalities. The role of equality, as a condition of free competition, is on the way to being fully recognized
Cabotte, Laurent. "Economies et politiques de l'aide ménagère : une analyse économique des inflexions récentes arrêtées par le programme d'emploi dans les services de proximité". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100110.
Testo completoThe economics of care for ederly has developped in France since 1960 and the institution of a specific social public policy. This policy has enhanced and financed a non profit an non martket professionalized economy planned to avoid, as far as possible, the family care. However, in the 1990's, the care for ederly had been reinterpreted as a "proximity service" as part of an employment developping public programm designed for promoting a "new services" market economy. Since this time, the non profit economy has been the subject of public measures that intend to comply it with the orthodoxy of a market economy. Our thesis proposes, in its first part, a monograph approach of both public policy programms that intends to demonstrate the equal inner coherence and robustness of each of them. Since, it is shown that it seems quite impossible to arbitrate, at this political level, wether in aid of non market or in aid of market economy. It suggests, in its second part, a microeconomic approach based, firstable, on sociological grounded inquiries and, secondly, on a statistic survey on domestic accidents the ederly are victim. Then, it becomes possible to show the limits of the market, and even the possibily of a market failure, in this field of activity. The demostration model is rooted to the principle of a market economy and it progressively integrates the role of institutions in proportion of the limits of the market that it reveals. Those demonstrations use the classical microeconomic theory of consumption, the household production theory, the organization economics, and the external economies and deseconomies theory
Celle, Sylvain. "La dynamique démocratique de l’économie sociale : une approche institutionnaliste de l’émergence et de l’évolution historique des organisations de l’économie sociale dans le capitalisme en France (1790-2020)". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A011.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the dynamics of the social economy in the French capitalism from the 19th century until today. Social economy organisations (cooperatives, mutual societies, associations, etc.) develop original rule systems within capitalist economies. One of the originalities of these organisations is to articulate the activities of a firm in the service of an associative project. Three main constitutive rules of social economy organisations differentiate them from other firms: non-profit, solidarity-based and democratic rules.In order to preserve the specificity of their organisational rules in a capitalist institutional environment, the social economy organisations have formed their own social economy space, which appears as a relatively autonomous system of rules at the meso-level. But despite their relative autonomy, the organisations and the space of the social economy are subject to a plurality of sources of rules, both endogenous and exogenous, which can undermine their specificities.One of the hypotheses of this thesis is that democracy, as a constitutive rule, facilitate the power of social economy actors to change organisational and institutional rules. Democratic rules thus play a determining role in innovation, differentiation and empowerment of the social economy processes in relation to the rules of capitalism. On the other hand, a democratic weakening would be a determining cause of the normalisation of the social economy in capitalism system.To question this hypothesis, we rely on the theoretical framework of the institutionalist political economy, focusing on the convergences between the Regulation Theory and the Economics of convention, in order to contribute to the collective construction of an institutionalist approach to social economy. The research is based on an important historical survey, using mainly qualitative methods. We have mobilised both primary sources (archives, interviews, observations, etc.) and secondary sources (multidisciplinary literature).Three in-depth case studies on social economy organisations in Picardy have been carried out: “Le Familistère de Guise” (1840-1968), “L'Union coopérative d'Amiens” (1892-present) and “Les Ateliers de la Bergerette” (1969-present). A survey on the major evolutions of the space of the social economy in France has also been carried out: three main historical institutional compromises of the social economy are highlighted: a liberal compromise (1790-1880), a republican compromise (1880-1970) and a neoliberal compromise (1970-today). A final field work focuses on the development of social impact on the social economy over the last decade: it epitomises profound changes in the neoliberal compromise of the social economy.By intersecting different levels of observations (micro, meso and macro) and temporalities (short, medium and long term), this research work contributes to deepening our historical and analytical knowledge of the social economy. It also helps to demonstrate the role of democracy in the empowerment and differentiation of certain organisations and spaces such as the social economy in relation to capitalist rules
Boudes, Melissa. "Travailler autrement via l'économie sociale et solidaire : Le cas des coopératives d'activité et d'emploi". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED035/document.
Testo completoIn a context of labor transformation and increased work precariousness, this thesis explains how new forms of work emerge, develop and respond to social needs and professional aspirations.The study focuses especially on social innovation based on the principles of the social economy.It uses a new institutionalist, processual, multi-level analysis of the Business and Employment Cooperative, a hybrid organizational form that combines the institutional logics of entrepreneurship, employment and cooperation. It (1) deepens understanding of the interactions between social innovation and its context; (2) highlights a new strategy at institutional logic level that can overcome the tensions inherent in hybrid organizational forms; and (3) explains how hybrid organizations can enable people to (re)find meaning in their work
Fraisse, Laurent. "Un parcours de recherche au coeur de la construction de l’économie sociale et solidaire : innovation, institutionnalisation et comparaison". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1265.
Testo completoThis PhD in sociology through looks back onto a twenty-year professional research career. The first part describes my research journey, from three different angles : biographical, methodological, bibliographical. The second part of the thesis gives an overview of my research work (articles, chapters, studies) put into perspective with regard to the state of current knowledge. The first topic concerns the socio-political dimension of solidarity economy through an in-depth discussion of several concepts (local initiatives, local public spheres, the network organization of non-profit sector, conceptions of social change). In addition, social and solidarity economy as a specific object within public policies is studied at local and European levels. The second topic explores the transformations of the role of non-profit organizations in society. The current changes of contractualization and financing methods between associations and governments (public procurement and subsidies) have been the subject of qualitative and quantitative studies. The conceptual ambivalences of the notions of social utility and social innovation are highlighted. Historically claimed by non-profit representatives to emphasize the specificities of their economic activities, social utility has gradually become a criterion for extending the scope of social and solidarity economy in France. The last topic concerns early-years childcare and elderly care policies. The transition from home care for dependent elderly person to personal services is analyzed as a tangle of regulations that makes it problematic to build a quasi-market and questions the place and strategies of non-profit organizations as historical actors in the sector. The comparison, on a European scale, of local childcare systems provides additional insight into the typologies of care systems elaborated at a national level
Darbus, Fanny. "Pratiques et praticiens de l'économie sociale et solidaire (2000-2007) : contribution à la sociologie des croyances économiques". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0114.
Testo completoDedicated to the solidary and social economy, this thesis illustrates the disparity between this kind of alternative economy as it has been theoretically created and as it can actually be observed through practices, speeches, and trajectories of the agents who work within the field. Studying the regional forum spaces, which are wholly dedicated to this cause, it appears that solidary and social economy is a resource for economic actors threatened or compromised by deregulation rules. There are various kinds of organisms involved in this quest for legitimacy: the most concerned are those who have been involved in the field of insertion, as well as the field of social economy, for over a decade, but we also see a new social movement at play in addition to the self-employed, who have used insertion services to create their own jobs. By considering then, a very typical kind of organism, called "cooperative of jobs and activities", working in the sector of insertion through economic activity, which creates new a kind of workers -the wage earning self-employed -we are able to analyse and measure the extent to which this process affects one's access to the work market. While they fight against exclusion and self-fulfillment at work, the analysis of these companies, their organisation, their services, the status of employment they furnish; and their users, it appears that their practices go with neoliberalism mechanism. Through the evocation of solidary and social economy, the creators of this new form of work help to forge a new image of social work. Workers who use this atypical kind of employment come from middle classes. Considering the structural lack of work, they try to escape social reclassification. Therefore, this study indicates that while solidary and social economy constitutes a way that agents may be able to access markets, especially market of work, offering an alternative space where market rules are suspended or softened, it ultimately serves to reproduce and even reinforce the inequalities
Benbelaid, Yasmine. "Tourisme alternatif à Djanet et Taghit : enjeux socio-économiques et environnementaux". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39563.
Testo completoVallat, David. "Exclusion et liens financiers de proximité (financement de micro-activités)". Lyon 2, 1999. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01638378.
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