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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

QUINTAS, FELIPE MARUF, e MARCUS IANONI. "The Rehn-Meidner Plan and the Swedish development model in the Golden Years". Brazilian Journal of Political Economy 41, n. 1 (marzo 2021): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572021-3062.

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ABSTRACT In general, the literature on the developmental state studies Asia and Latin America, not Scandinavia. This article examines the developmental character of the state in Sweden, distinguishing it as a specific case, because its institutions and policies combine the simultaneous promotion of industrialization and social equity. The paper analyzes the Swedish model of development, centered in Rehn-Meidner Plan (R-M), a political strategy of the national development headed by the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP). It is argued that in Sweden industrialization and the construction of the welfare state were two sides of the same coin. The R-M Plan played a key role in consolidating the Swedish model between 1945 and 1975. It combined and articulated economic development, centered on industrialization, reduction of social inequalities, and fiscal and monetary stability. It increased productive complexity and equality, unified economic policy and social policy, planned industrialization and income redistribution. It was structured through a broad power pact among workers, industry, farmers, political representatives elected by SAP and public bureaucracy. It was institutionalized, above all, by the democratic corporatist arrangement of centralized salary negotiations.

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Näsman, Ulf. "Danerne og det danske kongeriges opkomst – Om forskningsprogrammet »Fra Stamme til Stat i Danmark«". Kuml 55, n. 55 (31 ottobre 2006): 205–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v55i55.24694.

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The Danes and the Origin of the Danish KingdomOn the Research Programme “From Tribe to State in Denmark”Since the 1970’s, the ethnogenesis of the Danes and the origin of the Danish kingdom have attracted increased interest among Danish archaeologists. Marked changes over time observed in a growing source material form a new basis of interpretation. In written sources, the Danish realm does not appear until the Viking Age. The formation of the kingdom is traditionally placed as late as the 10th century (Jelling and all that). But prehistorians have raised the question whether the formation of the kingdom was not a much longer course. Some scholars believe that we have to study the periods preceding the Viking Age to be able to understand the development, at least from the 3rd century. In Scandinavia, this covers the Late Roman Iron Age, the Migration and Merovingian periods, as well as the early Viking Age. In a Continental perspective, it parallels the Late Antiquity (3rd-6th centuries) and the Early Middle Ages (6th-10th centuries).In 1984, the Danish Research Council launched the research programme “From Tribe to State in Denmark” which aimed to understand the formation of the Danish kingdom by studying the interaction between economic, social, and political circumstances from the Roman Period to the Viking Age. This paper presents a short synthesis of my work in the programme.Two themes have been brought into focus:1) The ethnogenesis of the Nordic peoples: the formation of the tribes that appear in the few and problematic written sources of the first millennium AD, in casu the Danes;2) The making of the Nordic kingdoms: in this case Denmark.A problem with this kind of long-term research is the inherent teleological perspective, revealed in the programme title. It is essential for me to emphasise that the early Danish kingdom was not a self-evident formation but the result of a series of concrete historical circumstances. There have been alternative possibilities at several occasions.In Scandinavia, the period is prehistoric. However, in South Scandinavia it deserves to be labelled protohistoric. Scandinavian archaeologists often forget or ignore the fact that in large parts of Europe, the first millennium AD is a historical period. The Scandinavian development is too often evaluated in isolation from the rest of Europe, in spite of the fact that the material culture demonstrates that interaction with continental as well as insular powers was continuously influencing Scandinavia. Necessarily, a relevant approach to Scandinavian late prehistory includes a historical dimension and a European perspective. South Scandinavian societies were over time linked to different realms in Europe. The Danish development was certainly part of a common west European trajectory.The best possibility of interpreting the archaeological record of South Scandinavia is by analogy with historians’ interpretations of other more or less contemporary Germanic peoples, based on descriptions in the written sources. Long-term studies of Scandinavian societies in the first millennium AD has laid new ground on which scholars have to build their image of the making of a Danish kingdom. The paper briefly describes some of the results and focuses on changes in the material that I find significant.Rural settlement: Great progress in the study of Iron Age and Early Mediaeval farming suggests economic growth, a development from subsistence economy to a production of a surplus, from collective forms of farming to individually run farmsteads, from small family farmsteads to large farms and manors. It is the surplus created by this expansion that could carry the late Viking and high medieval Danish kingdom with its administration, military power, church, towns, etc.Trade and exchange: Prestige-goods exchange dominated in the beginning of the period. Goods came from various parts of Europe. The connections to central and east Europe were broken in the sixth century, not to be reopened until the Viking Age. This explains the dominating position held by West European material culture in the development of South Scandinavia. Thus, South Scandinavia became part of the commercial zone of West Europe, certainly an important element in the making of the Danish kingdom. In the Viking Age, the rapid urbanisation demonstrates that Denmark gained great profit from its key position in the North Sea-Baltic trade network.Central places and early towns: Complex settlements appeared already in the Late Roman Iron Age, e.g. Gudme/Lundeborg, Funen. Further central sites appeared, and the number of central places grew rapidly. By the year 700, they are found in virtually every settlement area of South Scandinavia. The sites were not simple trading stations, as most were labelled a few years ago, but many also fulfilled important political, social, and religious functions; some were also manorial residences. The resident elite based their power on the mobilisation of the rural surplus; at the same time, one can say that the stimulus to produce a rural surplus was probably caused by an increasing demand from the elite at the centres.In the Viking Age, urbanisation began, which meant that the old central places lost their position and were replaced by towns like Hedeby, Ribe, and Århus. Excavations show that urbanisation started in the 8th century, a little later than the famous emporia Quentovic, Dorestad, Hamwic, and Ipswic.So today, it must be concluded that at the threshold to the Viking Age, South Scandinavian societies had a more advanced economic system and a more complex social organisation than believed only 20 years ago.Warfare: The dated indications of war cluster in two periods, the 3rd to 5th centuries, and the 10th to 11th centuries. The early period could be characterised as one of tribal warfare, in which many polities were forced to join larger confederations through the pressure of endemic warfare and conquests. In the archaeological record, indicators of war seem to disappear after AD 500, not to reappear in large numbers until the Viking Age. Was this period a Pax Danorum? Indeed, the silent archaeological record could indicate that the Danes had won hegemony in South Scandinavia. This phase can be understood as a period of consolidation between an early phase of tribal warfare and a later phase in which the territorial defence of a Danish kingdom becomes visible in the record.Wars with the Carolingian empire in the 9th century are the first wars in Denmark to be mentioned in the written record. However, archaeology demonstrates the presence of serious military threats in the centuries before, e.g. the first dykes at Danevirke. The strategic localisation of the period’s defence works reveals that threats were met with both navy and army. According to the texts, the 9th century wars are clearly national wars, either wars of conquest on a large scale between kingdoms, or civil wars, which for a large part seem to be triggered by an aggressive Frankish diplomacy.The two phases of warfare mirror two different military political situations: in the Late Roman and Migration Periods they are tribal wars and conflicts over resource control; in the Late Merovingian Period and the Viking Age they concern a Danish kingdom’s territorial defence.Religious changes: The conversion is often considered a major turning point in Scandinavian history; and in a way it was, of course. But the importance of Christianisation is heavily overestimated. The conversion was simply a step in a process that started long before. The paganism of the Scandinavians must not mislead us into believing that they were barbarians.A great change in cult practice took place around AD 500 when the use of bogs and lakes for offerings rapidly decreased. Instead, religious objects are found hoarded in settlement contexts, sometimes in the great halls of the magnates. This indicates that the elite had taken control of religion in a new way. The close link between cult and elite continued uninterrupted after Christianisation; churches were built by the magnates and on their ground. Therefore, we have a kind of cult-site continuity. From the Migration Period, the archaeological material demonstrates a close link between cult and magnates. This is certainly one important element in the formation of a Danish kingdom.Political development: Analyses of material culture reveal that South Scandinavia in the Early Iron Age consisted of many small regions, and based on sources like Tacitus and Ptolemy, one can guess that they correspond to tribal areas. In the Late Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period, the formation of a South Scandinavian super-region can be discerned, but still subdivided into a small number of distinguishable culture zones, and, again, on the basis of written sources (Jordanes and Procopius), one can guess that small tribes had joined into larger confederations precisely as on the Continent. In my opinion, a Danish kingdom appeared not later than the sixth century. Based on the well-studied material culture of the early Merovingian Period, one can assume that it had its core area in Central Denmark - South Jutland, Funen, and Zealand – with a close periphery of North Jutland, South Halland, Scania, Blekinge, and Bornholm. Probably more loosely attached to the Danish hegemony was a more distant periphery in South Sweden.So the Danish kingdom already had a history when it first appeared in the Frankish sources at the end of the 8th century. Danish involvement in European politics is first clearly observable in 777 and again in 782. Obviously, the Danish kingdom was a political and military actor on the North European scene long before the Viking Age.In the light of all these arguments, three phases can be described:– Roman Iron Age: Tribal societies with chieftains or small kings.– Late Roman Iron Age, Migration Period, and early Merovingian Period: A process of amalgamation started and warfare characterises the period. The result is the formation of tribal confederations. Written sources speak in favour of the Danes as the people who eventually won hegemony over South Scandinavia.– Late Merovingian Period and Viking Age: A process began in which royal agents replaced local chieftains. The last area to be integrated under direct Danish royal rule, in the reign of Sven Forkbeard, was probably Scania. Thus Medieval Denmark appeared.Final remarks: As a result of archaeological achievements in the last decades, a number of traditional views about Scandinavian late prehistory appear less likely, or rather erroneous. It is an underestimation that the pagans were unable of organisation and that a formation of a Danish kingdom is unthinkable before the late Viking Age. Unfortunately, the ethnogenesis of the Danes is beyond the reach of study, but a rough hypothesis may be formulated. The Danes were once one of several tribes somewhere in South Scandinavia. Events outside the Scandinavian scene were of fundamental importance for the possibility of the Danish gens to grow in power in the Late Roman and Migration Periods. Already before the Merovingian Period, the Danes won hegemony between the Baltic and the North Sea. A Danish kingdom could probably be based on this key position. Its survival was by no means a matter of course. In their continued efforts to secure the Danish position, capable kings established the borders of high medieval Denmark in the course of the Viking Age.Ulf NäsmanInstitutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap Högskolan i Kalmar

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Klippen, May Irene Furenes, Thomas Moser, Elin Reikerås e Astrid Guldbrandsen. "A Review of Trends in Scandinavian Early Childhood Education and Care Research from 2006 to 2021". Education Sciences 14, n. 5 (1 maggio 2024): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14050478.

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This study provides a comprehensive overview of trends in Scandinavian early childhood education (ECEC) research from 2006 to 2021, based on the Nordic Base of Early Childhood Education and Care’s (NB-ECEC) annual reports. The study reveals a notable increase in empirical studies in Scandinavia, particularly in Sweden and Norway. The rise in English publications is attributed to international collaborations and political guidelines. Dominant thematic areas include pedagogical practices and teaching and learning, while economics and classroom management receive less focus. Qualitative research prevails, with a shortage of quantitative methods like randomised controlled trials and longitudinal designs. The study emphasises the importance of diversifying research methodologies, acknowledges positive developments in research quality, and notes an increasing trend in international peer-reviewed journal publications.

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Stepanov, Evgeniy G., Vadim T. Kaibyshev, Lyayla M. Masyagutova e Guzyal R. Sadrtdinova. "Working conditions and health status of school workers (literature review)". Hygiene and sanitation 103, n. 2 (15 marzo 2024): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-141-146.

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In recent years, the range of publications concerning the high likelihood of teachers developing syndromes of professional burnout and professional destruction has been increasingly expanding. This trend is almost equally characteristic of most countries over the world: from Great Britain, Germany, and Scandinavia in Europe to China, Japan in Asia and Nigeria in Africa, and, over the last decade, in Russia. In other words, the problem under consideration is global in nature and depends little on the level of economic development of the country and its ethno-geographical characteristics. Purpose of work. Study foreign and domestic scientific literature directly related to the problems of creating working conditions and their impact on the health in education workers. The presented review is based on the publications of a number of domestic and foreign studies. The literature search was carried out using the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, RSCI. A total of forty two publications were analyzed for the period from 2001 to 2022. A systematic analysis of the world scientific literature was conducted on the management of events aimed at assessing the working conditions and health in teachers. The study examined various aspects related to the provision of medical care to education workers. After evaluating the results of the study, it became clear that there is some discrepancy between reports in the field of psychology and hygiene. In the first group of works devoted to the psychological aspect, insufficient attention is paid to the study of working conditions and their impact on the health of teachers, despite the widespread prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among the teaching community. At the same time, in the second group of studies devoted to hygienic aspects, the role of psychosocial factors influencing the health of teachers is not sufficiently addressed. Conclusion. In general, the analysis of the characteristics of working conditions and health of pedagogical workers allows concluding this topic to be relevant and in demand in the scientific world. It also highlights the need for further research and development in this area to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of related diseases.

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Roald, Anne Sofie. "The Scandinavian Conference on Middle East Studies". American Journal of Islam and Society 10, n. 1 (1 aprile 1993): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i1.2533.

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The Nordic Association of Middle East Studies, which was establishedin 1989 in Uppsala, Sweden, recently held its second conference.Delegates from Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland participated.John O. Voll (who has with Swedish ancestors), chairman of the MiddleEast Studies Association (MESA), came as guest lecturer.The conference's leitmotif was "Diversity and Unity of the MiddleEastern World," which was also the theme of Voll's lecture. By reconceptualizingthe understanding of Middle East as a holistic region, one inwhich sociopolitical, economic, and cultural patterns have been regardedwithin a narrow "Muslim" or "Islamic," framework, he objected to standardizedconcepts and generalizations. He used the case of the Egyptianpeasant-how new developments and changed structures have transformedthe peasant of the 1970s into the different peasant of the 1990s.He also argued that concepts themselves can be actors in history whenthey have been conceptualized. Thus they do not always describe reality ...

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Hines, John. "Ritual Hoarding in Migration-Period Scandinavia: A Review of Recent Interpretations". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 55, n. 1 (1989): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00005399.

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Non-funerary deposits of an apparently ritual character are a persistent, often very prominent aspect of all periods of Scandinavian prehistory from the Neolithic to the later Iron Age (post 600 AD). The hoards of the nearer end of this series have recently been brought within theoretical and analytical studies from a variety of modern perspectives differing in ideology and specialism. This paper offers a critical review of those studies in the light of a detailed case-study from the nearer end. Harmonies can be found between the shaping force of economic and social factors posited by Richard Bradley's model and the evidence of this case, although, perhaps inevitably, the effects of these may appear more complex and even quite different from what a description of the general model can encompass. More cautionary conclusions reached which have important implications within the construction of general theory are that greater care ought to be exercised in identifying the establishment of polities and socio-economic crises from this and other contemporary categories of material, and that the specific content of ideology, particularly religious concepts, which affects the fact and the form of ritual hoards, while probably incapable of being built into a general model like Bradley's on the same implicative basis as specific types of economic and social structures, merits a more prominent place in studies of the topic.

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Millar, James R. "Poverty, Inequality, and Rural Development. Case Studies in Economic Development". Comparative Economic Studies 38, n. 4 (dicembre 1996): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ces.1996.47.

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Ichikawa, Nobuyuki. "Two case studies of economic development in multiethnic nations". Asia-Pacific Review 4, n. 1 (marzo 1997): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13439009708719942.

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Komang Ariyanto. "Poverty and Freedom: Case Studies on Global Economic Development". Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning 4, n. 3 (30 dicembre 2023): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v4i3.442.

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Argyraki, A. "ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDIES FROM GREECE". Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, n. 1 (27 luglio 2017): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11719.

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The contribution of environmental geochemistry to sustainable development is discussed through the presentation of different case studies from Greece. The aim is to demonstrate the impact of geochemistry to a variety of societal and economic areas such as the sustainable exploitation of natural resources, the assessment of environmental problems within cities and the sustainable remediation of contaminated land. Several examples of completed and ongoing research are provided including a pre-mining survey in Skouries, Chalkidiki, a geochemical background study in an area of serpentine, agricultural soil in Atalanti, the urban soil geochemistry of Athens and the use of natural minerals as amendments for the remediation of contaminated land. The paper concludes with some facts on opportunities and obstacles to development in the field of environmental geochemistry in Greece under the current economic crisis conditions.

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Tesi sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Wasserman, Shanna E. "Sustainable economic development : the case of implementing industrial ecology". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42824.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-117).
Industrial ecology (IE) is an emerging paradigm for environmental control. IE offers a framework for altering industrial activities so that they more closely reflect a closed loop cycle, rather than a linear flow of extraction and disposal. Implementation of IE is occurring through the eco-industrial park (EIP) model. An EIP is a group of businesses that are implementing IE principles, through cooperation between one another and/or other organizations. This Thesis examines the current practice of implementing IE through the EIP model. The research methodology includes assessing the Kalundborg, Denmark EIP example, surveying North American EIPs, and studying a case of implementing an EIP in Londonderry, NH. Findings from the research indicate that there is currently a taxonomy of IE practices being implemented through the EIP model. The taxonomy includes practice in land stewardship, green building design, individual firm environmental practices, and byproduct exchange. Each of the four areas of practice have characteristics with implications for how implementation should occur through an EIP. EIP planners and developers should craft implementation strategies in accordance with their IE objectives. Additionally, the management entity of an EIP should have the capacity to implement all IE objects. Finally, a community education process on IE is necessary during the implementation of an EIP.
by Shanna E. Wasserman.
M.C.P.

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Vidican, Sgouridis Georgeta. "Land reform and economic development : case study on Romania". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17704.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-87).
Few social arrangements have affected so many people for so long in human history, as the laws and customs governing the ownership and use of land. Taking Romania as a case study, this thesis focuses on the institutional changes that accompany land reform (e.g., property rights, market services, rural financial services) and the role the state plays in the implementation process. The main hypothesis is that in developing countries, unsatisfactory forms of agrarian structure, and in particular the systems of land tenure, tend in a variety of ways to impede economic development. The results of this study illustrate that in Romania improper implementation of land reform had negative effects on development - further deterioration in the standard of living for the rural population, decline in real productivity, and lower production. Hence, one main conclusion is that the distribution of property rights in land is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for creating the basis for development. Redistribution of property rights in land has to be complemented with technical advice and more integrated cross-sector policies such as easy access to credit and agricultural inputs, production and social infrastructure. State involvement is crucial for supporting these services.
by Georgeta Vidican.
M.C.P.

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Minter, Susan Miriam. "Linking environmental policy with economic development : a case study in urban recycling". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68737.

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Maclin, Stephen Alexander. "A democratic governance approach to urban economic development policymaking". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37427.

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This dissertation contributes to the literature on urban development politics. It takes a normative ideal, democratic urban governance, out of the esoteric realm of academic debate and applies it to a critical case study which concerns the most financially consequential area of urban policy, that of urban economic development. The principal elements of democratic urban governance are described, examined, and reconstructed as a framework for evaluating the policy making potentials in the present case. Beyond its academic contribution, this dissertation provides developmental policy makers with an intellectually sound basis for considering, more candidly and more directly, issues concerning democracy and governance.
Ph. D.

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Mitsui, Kenji. "Cooperation and collaboration in economic development : a case study of Massachusetts manufacturing centers". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68782.

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Meredith, Vicki. "ROSCAs, poverty alleviation and economic development : a case study of Jamaican paadner groups". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68748.

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Chang, Su-Hsin 1973. "Science and technology policies, competitiveness, and economic development : a case study of Taiwan". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30020.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-131).
The economic growth in Taiwan for the last few decades has been credited as stellar performance. However, what accounts for the growth? Institutions, political regime, geographical locations, or legal origins? This thesis attempts to explain the economic growth in terms of science and technology (S&T) based on the neoclassical and new growth theories, and comes at a finding that S&T development is significant along with the economic growth. In the process, the author also finds that the government is the major player in Taiwan's S&T development. Based on these findings, the author concludes that from Taiwan's lessons, the S&T is a direction and an area for those developing countries that strive to gain economic growth to make their endeavors on. And, for those latecomer countries, state-led S&T development will be a sufficient condition for economic development, for the government is the major role that is most likely to initiate the development through appropriate policy implementation and is most likely to provide a momentum to the stagnating economic deadlock.
by Su-Hsin Chang.
S.M.

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Helmuth, Angelo. "Economic diversification of a mining town: a case study of Oranjemund". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003843.

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Can mining industries and mining based localities promote Local Economic Development (LED)? This case study, on the mining town of Oranjemund, seeks to examine the economic diversification prospects of the town. Stakeholder views are considered and their aspirations determined, through an interview process. Relevant theories on economic development, growth and sustainability are outline. Lessons are drawn from local and international empirical studies on mining towns. The roles and contributions stakeholders and institutions could realize that could lead to local economic diversification and LED are defined. The opportunities and threats that could affect the town’s LED process are identified. This paper concludes that it is imperative that sound relationships be developed amongst key stakeholders. It further, recommends that a strategic LED plan be designed for Oranjemund and that national government, through the regional and local authority, lead the process.

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Pal, Mariam S. "An analysis of the role of women in economic development /". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66051.

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Bahramitash, Roksana. "The role of women in economic development : case studies of Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36872.

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The evidence presented in this thesis supports the view that men and women participate in the labour force in qualitatively distinct ways and that, as a result, policies to increase female employment in the formal economy have an impact on economic development that is quite different from those whose aim is simply to increase employment with no regard to its gender composition. While it is well known that women's work is often underreported and undercounted, the thesis contends that women's "work" is also frequently defined incorrectly. From the point of view of development policy it is necessary to define women's work as embracing not only "productive" labour done for monetary gain, but also reproductive and volunteer work which, though not directly remunerated, have important feedbacks on other social, political and economic variables. Those feedbacks in turn may determine the success or failure of a particular "development" strategy.
This theory is applied to three "Asian miracle" developing countries, chosen because of their widely varied cultural, political and economic history and structures. The methodology employed is eclectic. Too often social research is bogged down in disputes between those who favour quantitative and those who favour historical-institutional analysis. In reality, especially when dealing with developing countries where there are serious problems of data quality, these two approaches can be mutually complementary. Therefore, in undertaking a comparative study of three cases, the thesis employs quantitative, historical-institutional and anthropological data along with information derived from interviews and field work.
The thesis demonstrates ample support for the hypothesis that women's labour has an importance over and above simply more hands at work, that the particular characteristics of female labour, not only produce direct payoffs in terms of development of certain types of manufacturing industries, but many indirect ones in terms of social variables like reduced fertility, increased life expectancy and greater educational attainment. However it also demonstrates that full actualization of these benefits in terms of economic prosperity, improved social welfare, and ultimately political democratization requires a state that is both willing and able (two distinct things) to implement social and economic policies designed explicitly to promote female employment in the formal economy.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Naschold, Frieder. The modernisation of the public sector in Europe: A comparative perspective on the Scandinavian experience : evaluation report. Helsinki: Ministry of Labour, 1995.

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Chris, Milner, e Rayner A. J, a cura di. Case-studies in economic development. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1992.

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C, Smith Stephen. Case studies in economic development. 2^a ed. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1997.

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Chris, Milner, a cura di. Case-studies in economic development. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.

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C, Smith Steven. Case studies in economic development. 2^a ed. Reading, Mass: Addison Wesley, 1997.

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Gallagher, Nancy Elizabeth. Case studies of development. Harlow: Longman, 1985.

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Neighbors, World, a cura di. Case study: [Economic development]. Oklahoma City, Ok: World Neighbors, 1998.

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Francis, Abraham M., e Subramanian R. 1929-, a cura di. Studies in Third World development. New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 1992.

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Srikumar, Chattopadhyay, Sharma H. S. 1945- e National Association of Geographers, India., a cura di. Sustainable development: Issues and case studies. New Delhi: Published for Commission on Sustainable Development, National Association of Geographers, India by Concept Pub. Co., 1998.

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Marilyn, Carr, International Institute for Environment and Development., Intermediate Technology Development Group of North America. e Sustainable Development Conference (1987 : London, England), a cura di. Sustainable industrial development: Seven case studies. New York: Intermediate Technology Development Group of North America, 1988.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Carley, Sanya, e Sara Lawrence. "National Case Studies". In Energy-Based Economic Development, 119–36. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6341-1_8.

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Bojö, Jan, Karl-Göran Mäler e Lena Unemo. "Case Studies". In Environment and Development: An Economic Approach, 125–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8008-3_7.

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Bojö, Jan, Karl-Göran Mäler e Lena Unemo. "Case Studies". In Environment and Development: An Economic Approach, 86–151. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0623-5_6.

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Mickov, Biljana. "Case Studies". In The Cultural Sector and Sustainable Economic Development, 129–46. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003336648-10.

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Ong, Corinne, Cecilia Tortajada e Ojasvee Arora. "Economic Instruments". In SpringerBriefs on Case Studies of Sustainable Development, 65–76. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8677-2_6.

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AbstractWater users’ consumption behaviour may be influenced via economic means such as by offering financial rewards and/or imposing monetary costs. The three most commonly used types of economic instruments are tariff structuring, water rebates, and fines for excessive use. Tariff mechanisms are the most commonly used economic instrument for WDM in ASEAN where several major cities have implemented an increasing block tariff (IBT) system.

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Neamţu, Daniela-Mihaela. "Case Studies of Best Practices in Higher Education". In Education and Economic Development, 113–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20382-4_6.

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Almoli, Ahmed, e M. Evren Tok. "Knowledge-Based Development and Economic Diversification: The Case of Qatar". In Gulf Studies, 43–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6058-3_3.

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Yoder, Michael S. "Background to Case Studies in Geographical Scale and Economic Development". In Geographical Scale and Economic Development, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36197-5_1.

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Temitope Faluyi, Olumuyiwa, Sultan Khan e Adeoye O. Akinola. "Terrorist Organizations and Counter-Terrorism: Case Studies". In Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, 133–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05737-4_8.

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Percoco, Marco. "The spatial economic effects of airport de-hubbing". In Air Transport and Regional Development Case Studies, 289–99. New York : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003092063-16.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Fatimah, Nurul. "Agencies in the Community Economic Movement (Case Studies of ToMiRa-Based Economic Development in Kulonprogo Regency)". In Proceedings of the International Conference on Rural Studies in Asia (ICoRSIA 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icorsia-18.2019.31.

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Gessner, Ursula, Kim Knauer, Miriam Machwitz, Stefan Dech e Claudia Kuenzer. "Impacts of socio-economic development and urbanization on natural resources - case studies from Africa". In IGARSS 2016 - 2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730899.

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Yunikawati, Nur Anita, Nimatul Istiqomah, Prih Hardinto, Yohanes Hadi Susilo, Putra Hilmi Prayitno e Yogi Dwi Satrio. "Is Effective Think Pair Share (TPS) Used for Slow Learner Students (SLS)? Case Studies in Economic Development". In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.047.

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Oktarina, Adelia, Alkadri Alkadri, Erwina Widjajawati, Rucianawati Rucianawati e Saryanta Saryanta. "Governance of Village-Owned Enterprises (VOE) for Village Economic Development: Case Studies of VOE Maju Mandiri, Bejiharjo". In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economic, Management, Business and Accounting, ICEMBA 2022, 17 December 2022, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands, Indonesia. EAI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-12-2022.2333221.

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Lin, Luhui. "The Impact of Double Reduction Policy on K12 Education and Training Enterprises: Case Studies of New Oriental and Tomorrow Advancing Life". In 2022 2nd International Conference on Enterprise Management and Economic Development (ICEMED 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220603.208.

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Jekabsone, Inga. "The internationalisation of higher education in the regions: case of Latvia". In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.54.017.

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Internationalisation is set as a horizontal priority of higher education in the context of the quality assurance by the government of Latvia. However, higher education institutions (hereinafter – HEI) in Latvia find it challenging to attract talented international students and academic staff, especially in the regions, thereby the internationalisation rates in HEI differ. The internationalisation is a complex concept – it is understood not only by the attraction of international students and academic staff, but also by internationalisation of local students and staff as well as by creation of inclusive environment for both – international and local students and staff. Taking into account before mentioned, the aim of the research is to analyse the dimensions of the internationalisation of regional HEI in Latvia. During the research, six regional HEI in Latvia were analysed in the context of diverse aspects of internationalisation. Recommendations to regional HEI were developed based on the analysis of case studies. The analysis showed that the internationalisation in the regional HEI in Latvia are mainly focused on attraction of international students and on student and academic staff mobility. At the same time, some of the regional HEI set the internalisation as a priority while others focus more on local students and regional needs. However, most of regional HEI in Latvia lag behind the average EU un national internationalisation rates.

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Kaufmane, Dace, Liga Paula, Kaspars Naglis-Liepa, Liga Proskina e Laura Andriana Indriksone. "Municipal activities in local food systems: case study of Zemgale region". In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.030.

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According to the Actor Network Theory, the local food system is a set of interconnected processes and social agents including municipalities as a business environment. In the context of rural studies, support for local food producers is important for local communities. By content analysis of the information available on the websites of Zemgale region’s municipalities and the opinions of municipal specialists on local support measures for entrepreneurs, the aim of the paper was to identify the activities of municipalities in local food systems. Within a context of local food systems, the authors revealed that municipalities in Zemgale region provide support activities in two main directions: food businesses and tourism activities. The analysis of business support measures showed that local food producers in municipalities are promoted and supported in a number of ways through branding, special events and trade facilitation, seminars and annual awards. Activities in the field of tourism revealed cooperation, involving local food producers in the tourism system and ensuring the recognition of local food products to a wider group of consumers. Integrating local food businesses into tourism routes and thematic activities, in other words making locally produced food an integral part of the tourism product, develops small and medium-sized enterprises that contribute to the socio-economic resilience and environmental sustainability of rural communities, local innovations and creativity. In Zemgale, municipal activities for support of local food producers in the context of COVID-19 crisis are strengthening rural communities thus supporting and helping entrepreneurs to adapt to changes.

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Niklass, Mareks. "Burnout during the COVID pandemic: a case of the social services sector in Latvia". In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.059.

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The paper analyses the results of an online survey of 443 social services sector employees carried out in October and November 2020 in Latvia. The survey was aimed to measure the impact of the pandemic on the social services sector, i.e. how social services were delivered, whether restrictions imposed have any effect on a given service (form, quality, quantity) as well as how social services sector organizations and employees coped with the pandemic both at organizational and psychological levels. A short version of the burnout measure developed by Ayala Malach-Pines was used to estimate the burnout level among social services sector employees. The survey results indicate that about one third of the surveyed employees are exposed to a high risk of burnout. Contrary to other studies, burnout has no relationship with the number of clients (a proxy variable for workload) served in a given institution. Burnout is more likely associated with factors related to the methodological, technical support and overall working conditions in one’s organization.

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Tsiklashvili, Natela, e Tamari Poladashvili. "Regional sustainable development through enhancing the regional graduates employability; case of Georgia". In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.024.

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Education, in general, creates strong basics of sustainable development. Higher education is one of the important settings for accomplishing better education and quality of human life. Region based higher educational institutions (HEIs) have high input in regional economic development through traditional functions of teaching and research. Educational institutions acquiring graduates with relevant knowledge and skills for the labour market. The given paper examines: How Georgian regional universities enhance the graduates’ employability and workforce formation? Do the institutions encouraging university-business interactions? What are the main challenges and optimal ways of improvement? The article is using a qualitative research method with a combination of mixed research techniques by collecting and analysing other qualitative and quantitative information from national governmental reports, scientific articles, and annual statistical data. The paper draws the background information, that enhances the bed climate for recent graduates on the labour market, the unemployment and employment rate, proportion of horizontal mismatch, fields or groups of studies that students are most likely to be mismatched, its cause and effects relationship. Results show that institutions have week interaction with regional enterprises and SMEs: HEIs do not have skills anticipation strategy based on the regional business sector to avoid potential misbalance in the labour market. HEIs instead of showing initiative often take a proactive position and are looking at interactions between labour market stakeholders; they have weak interaction with public and private enterprises. Regional SMEs’ participation in creating curriculums is uncommon.

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Kauranena, Sandra, Dina Bite e Zenija Kruzmetra. "Sustainable project management: case of culture projects in Zemgale planning region". In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.54.019.

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Adherence to the principles of sustainability in the acquisition of different funds and financial instruments is one of the basic conditions for obtaining funding. In the field of cultural project management, sustainability is more difficult to assess because the concept of culture is multifaceted and not always quantifiable. Identifying and promoting the sustainability of the results of cultural projects outside large cities and in rural areas is particularly important, as each project implemented should serve the growth and cultural development of the area. Unfortunately, the lack of research on this issue proves the need to invest a great deal in identifying and analysing the situation. There is a lack of studies analysing the contribution of cultural projects to the development of regional territories and their long-term benefits. To do this, the research set a goal: to study the practice of ensuring sustainability of results of cultural projects in Zemgale planning region, Latvia. The research used quantitative and qualitative research methods - content analysis of Zemgale Planning Region municipal websites, document research and analysis of Zemgale Planning Region (state institution), as well as semi-structured interviews. The study reveals certain practices that municipal authorities are pursuing to ensure the sustainability of cultural projects, such as linking different activities, using the 'project basket' principle etc., but overall it has to be concluded that sustainable cultural project management still needs to be expanded and improved. There is often a lack of links and feedback between project applicants and final beneficiaries. There are no clear indicators to measure sustainability. New approaches need to be found not only to learn how to integrate sustainability principles into project management, but also to introduce a set of convenient and practical steps to make the desirable sustainability scenario described in theory a common practice in cultural project management.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Economic development – scandinavia – case studies"

Kim, Hyekyung, Jingjing Zhang, Joshua Sperling, Erik Shuster, Nicolas Stauff, Anthony Armaly, William Jenson et al. Fossil Fuel Transitions Framework: Case studies of the decision-making process for energy and economic development pathways. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2352471.

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Morgenstern, Richard D. Policy Studies on Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Economic Development: Synergies and Challenges. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011160.

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This report builds on three sector-specific case studies commissioned by the IDB that examined opportunities for GHG mitigation in urban transport, landfill management, and forestry. The three selected studies have a strong potential in regards to their ability to illustrate the links between GHG mitigation and broader development objectives. The report concludes with a series of crosscutting observations that focus on the broad nexus between GHG abatement and economic development in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the needs and opportunities for improved policy coordination and institutional strengthening.

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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, HeeAh Cho, Jongbok Kim, Sang Keon Lee e Donju Lee. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Songdo, Republic of Korea. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007012.

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This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), in association with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. Songdo, as part of Incheon Free Economic Zone, is an iconic new smart city of Korea that hosts international business events and attract IT, biotech, ad R&D facilities. Its smart city initiative began in 2008 and is still ongoing with an aim for completion by 2017. The project is largely divided into six sectors including transport, security, disaster, environment, and citizen interaction while other services related to home, business, education, health and car are also being developed. Specialized service in Songdo includes smart bike services, criminal vehicle tracking and monitoring unusual activities through motion detecting technology while Integrated Operation and Control Center (IOCC) readily facilitates collaboration between various agencies and citizen engagement. Songdo smart city initiative is managed by Incheon U-city Corporation, a private- public partnership in order to secure funding for system operation through effective business model.

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Garwood, Anna. Network for Biodigesters in Latin America and the Caribbean: Case Studies and Future Recommendations. Inter-American Development Bank, dicembre 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008830.

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As a result of renewed regional interest in biogas technology, the Network for Biodigesters in Latin America and the Caribbean (RedBioLAC) was formed to increase dialogue concerning: a) Promotion and management of biogas projects; and b) Innovations in the field. The network has exemplified the productivity of having a forum of opportunities to tackle and share valuable innovations in materials, marketing, and approach to a project's management and finances. Currently, RedBioLAC is building momentum by beginning development of a web-based project information sharing and management platform. This document aims to provide a snapshot of the current reality and synthesize conclusions on the economic, institutional, cultural, and technical factors that need to be addressed. Finally, the emerging RedBioLAC is presented as a forum for exchanging experience and strengthening biodigester programs in Latin America.

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Damiani, Octavio. The State and Nontraditional Agricultural Exports in Latin America: Results and Lessons of Three Case Studies. Inter-American Development Bank, settembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006872.

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This report presents the results of case studies on nontraditional agricultural exports in Petrolina-Juazeiro (northeastern Brazil), Ecuador, and Guatemala, analyzing the role of public policy in developing these products and the effects of nontraditional agriculture on the rural poor. The studies showed that the State played a central role in developing nontraditional export crops. This included an array of economic and sectorial policies in support of market functioning and private sector development, as well as active and strategic intervention aimed at solving specific problems. This working paper was prepared for the Conference on Development of the Rural Economy and Poverty Reduction in Latin America and the Caribbean to be held in New Orleans on March 24, 2000, at the Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of the Inter-American Development Bank.

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Jiménez, Efraim, e María Eugenia Roca. Innovation in the Methods of Public Procurement in Latin America and The Caribbean: Case studies. Inter-American Development Bank, novembre 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010685.

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In recent years, Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC) have modernized their public procurement systems and have been able to increase the efficiency and effectiveness in the use of public resources through new practices and technologies to promote greater competitiveness. The award decision based solely on price to ensure efficiency has also evolved into amulticriteria approach to include, beyond price, quality and sustainability criteria (economic, environmental, and social). Through this study, the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) contributes to the dialogue in LAC to promote the use of new public procurement procedures and practices. The study presents four innovative cases of procurement practices used in the region. These are inspired in practices in other regions, such as Europe and the United States. This study identifies some trends in public procurement procedures, which promote more flexible contracting frameworks in order to incorporate additional methods based on a broader approach of Value for Money in accordance with the principles of transparency, efficiency, economy, integrity and fairness. Innovation in public procurement contributes towards the achievement of development goals in the region.

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Michael, Miess, Stefan Schmelzer, Günther Lichtblau, Sigrid Stix, Clemens Gerbaulet, Wolf-Peter Schill, Totschnig Gerhard et al. DEFINE Synthesis Report: DEFINE - Development of an Evaluation Framework for the Introduction of Electromobility. IHS - Institute for Advanced Studies, marzo 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2015.500.

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The project DEFINE – Development of an Evaluation Framework for the Introduction of Electromobility – was conducted by the Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS), Vienna, in cooperation with the Environment Agency Austria (EAA), the Vienna University of Technology (TUW), Austria; the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin), the Institute for Applied Ecology (Oeko-Institut), Germany; and with the Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE), Poland.

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Johnson, Eric M., e Robert Chew. Social Network Analysis Methods for International Development. RTI Press, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0026.2105.

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Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a promising yet underutilized tool in the international development field. SNA entails collecting and analyzing data to characterize and visualize social networks, where nodes represent network members and edges connecting nodes represent relationships or exchanges among them. SNA can help both researchers and practitioners understand the social, political, and economic relational dynamics at the heart of international development programming. It can inform program design, monitoring, and evaluation to answer questions related to where people get information; with whom goods and services are exchanged; who people value, trust, or respect; who has power and influence and who is excluded; and how these dynamics change over time. This brief advances the case for use of SNA in international development, outlines general approaches, and discusses two recently conducted case studies that illustrate its potential. It concludes with recommendations for how to increase SNA use in international development.

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Ducci, Jorge, Alvaro Fisher e Mauricio Arredondo. Regional Review of Economic Instruments for Solid Waste Management in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Regional Situation and Case Studies about the Private Participation in Santiago and Recycling. Inter-American Development Bank, febbraio 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012206.

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The purpose of this document is to present a brief summary of the economic instruments in use for solid waste management in the region and to present two case studies of such use in Chile. These case studies refer to the industrial organization for the collection and disposal of residential solid waste in the city of Santiago and the development of a collection and recycling scheme in the Municipality of La Reina, in Santiago. This document presents, as a frame of reference based on the available bibliography, the main aspects related to the reality of solid waste management in Latin America. On this basis, we comment on the economic instruments that could theoretically be used to improve the usual problems of low coverage, poor service quality, pollution, etc., currently being observed in the region.

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Merttens, Fred, Louis Hodey e Alexandra Doyle. Targeting in Protracted Crises: Niger Case Study. Institute of Development Studies, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2023.004.

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Targeting social assistance in situations of protracted conflict, displacement or recurrent climate shocks so that it reaches those most in need in a timely and effective manner, and without doing further harm, is a complex technical and political challenge for development and humanitarian actors across government and non-government sectors. Trade-offs involving costs beyond the economic – such as risk of exclusion, and concerns over protection and social cohesion – raise key questions about who to target, how to target or whether to target at all (i.e. through universal coverage or lotteries). While targeting effectiveness is fairly well researched in stable development contexts, there is much less understanding and evidence about what works best in protracted crisis settings. This paper is one of three country case studies covering Ethiopia, Niger, and Nigeria. Each case study focuses on a specific time period to demonstrate how the challenge of targeting might be approached in situations of protracted crises based on actual historical examples. The objective of this approach is to generate insights on the topic of targeting in a comparative way and by considering vulnerability as a dynamic condition. The case studies will be used to produce a synthesis paper that will bring findings together to draw out general lessons for targeting social assistance in crisis contexts. This case study focuses on the 2012 Sahel drought, which produced a food security emergency in Niger. Using two years of panel data (2011 and 2014) from either side of the 2012 drought crisis in the Sahel, we analyse who was affected by the shock and how they were impacted. We use the data to model the notional performance of different potential targeting approaches – had they been used at the time – to indicate the types of choices and trade-offs that may be necessary when selecting appropriate targeting criteria for responses to similar crises in the future. Finally, we also consider the status of enabling conditions (such as mobile phone network and electricity coverage) for implementing different targeting approaches in shock-responsive social assistance.

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