Articoli di riviste sul tema "Earthquake generator"
Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: Earthquake generator.
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 articoli di riviste per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Earthquake generator".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi gli articoli di riviste di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
1
SUZUKI, Yoshiyuki, e Masashi YAMAMOTO. "EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE GENERATOR SYSTEM OF FULL-SCALE STRUCTURE". Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 63, n. 514 (1998): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.63.105_4.
2
An, Dong, e Tie-jun Qu. "Seismic Behavior of Turbine-Generator Foundation under Strong Earthquake Action in Different Directions". Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2506264.
Abstract (sommario):
In order to study seismic behavior of half-speed turbine-generator foundation under horizontal earthquake loading in different directions, the 1/10 scaled model was designed and fabricated. The rigid foundation of half-speed turbine-generator sets can be seen as a complex space frame system. The tests were conducted under eight earthquake waves in two directions separately. The loading directions were along the axis of longitudinal and transverse. The seismic response of displacement and story drift was investigated by a pseudodynamic test. The hysteresis behavior and crack propagation were analyzed. From the research, it is shown that the maximum displacement of the foundation under the earthquake of intensity 7 is 15.20 mm (longitudinal), basically in the range of elastic deformation. The seismic response of earthquake input in different directions is obviously different. Under the same earthquake input, the seismic displacement along the axis of longitudinal is larger than that of transverse. Under the rarely earthquake of intensity 8, the foundation still keeps good working condition. The maximum elastic-plastic story drift is 1/191 under the limit value 1/50 provided in the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings. The deformation capacity of the structure meets the requirements of the current seismic design code of China.
3
Amalia, Yuniar. "PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA GEMPA BUMI (PLTGB) : PEMANFAATAN GETARAN GEMPA BUMI SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ENERGI LISTRIK PASCA GEMPA YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN". Jurnal Proyek Teknik Sipil 3, n. 2 (9 novembre 2020): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/potensi.2020.9231.
Abstract (sommario):
Earthquakes are events that come suddenly. Until now, the occurrence of the earthquake has not yet been predicted. Likewise, the risk posed by earthquakes cannot be predicted, but can be reduced through disaster mitigation. However, mitigation has not been able to solve problems that occur after the earthquake, such as constraints on meeting electrical energy. Indonesia has the potential to utilize earthquake vibrations into electricity, through the Earthquake Power Plant (PLTGB) proposed by the author. One of the techniques that can be used for the process of converting earthquake vibration energy into electrical energy is using piezoelectric materials. Piezoelectric material is a material that has high advantages with a stable energy density and does not require an external power so that its utilization produces large profits. The process of harvesting electrical energy is obtained from applying pressure to the piezoelectric material at a certain frequency, so that the piezoelectric material can function as an electric generator. The type of writing used in this paper is literature review, with secondary data sources obtained from various literatures. Data collection techniques using documentation study. Data analysis used an interactive analysis model, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The principle of PLTGB application is carried out in two periods, namely the period during the earthquake and the period outside the earthquake with the aim of storing energy reserves outside the earthquake. The PLTGB construction material is implanted under the highway at 5 meters near the zebra crossing which will be made like a bump, so that during the earthquake period the material will work as in principle. However, outside the earthquake period, when the vehicle stops or runs, it will put mechanical pressure on the piezoelectric which can generate electric current. The material to be used as a piezoelectric in PLTGB is Barium Titanate (BaTiO3). This material is based on normal ferroelectricity which is strong for transducer induction when compared to the magnitude of its polarization, the amount of permittivity, and the amount of stress induction that this material can reach. The first stage of PLTGB implementation is creating a pilot area, the second stage of evaluation, the third stage of promotion, the fourth stage of PLTGB socialization, and the fifth stage of developing PLTGB nationally. For Indonesia, PLTGB has the potential to be applied. It is hoped that the electrical energy produced by PLTGB can be used for post-earthquake activities.
4
Zahariev, E. V. "Earthquake dynamic response of large flexible multibody systems". Mechanical Sciences 4, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2013): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-4-131-2013.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. In the paper dynamics of large flexible structures imposed on earthquakes and high amplitude vibrations is regarded. Precise dynamic equations of flexible systems are the basis for reliable motion simulation and analysis of loading of the design scheme elements. Generalized Newton–Euler dynamic equations for rigid and flexible bodies are applied. The basement compulsory motion realized because of earthquake or wave propagation is presented in the dynamic equations as reonomic constraints. The dynamic equations, algebraic equations and reonomic constraints compile a system of differential algebraic equations which are transformed to a system of ordinary differential equations with respect to the generalized coordinates and the reactions due to the reonomic constraints. Examples of large flexible structures and wind power generator dynamic analysis are presented.
5
Qu, Tie Jun, Xian Yun Wang, De Ying Meng e Dong An. "Deform Performance of Spring Vibration Isolating Turbine–Generator Foundation under Strong Earthquake Actions". Applied Mechanics and Materials 137 (ottobre 2011): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.137.100.
Abstract (sommario):
Large turbine–generator foundation can reduce the vibration in an effective way by mounting vibration isolating springs when the equipments are operating. But under strong earthquake actions, the research of seismic behavior is presently limited to theoretical calculation and there are no test results or observation data. In this paper, 1:10 spring vibration isolating foundation model is made to carry out a pseudo–dynamic seismic test. This paper also analyzes the deform distribution of column and spring of turbine–generator foundation under horizontal earthquake actions. The test results show that because of the spring of column top, deform distribution of foundation has changed; column top displacement of each column is different; spring can regulate the internal force of the column and these springs are also able to resist horizontal earthquake action when they are reducing the vibration of the equipments.
6
Qu, Tie Jun, Kun Xiang, Xue Jun Yin e Xiao Yan Shao. "Pseudo-Dynamic Test on the Anti-Seismic Performance of Turbine Generator Foundation". Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (maggio 2012): 2507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2507.
Abstract (sommario):
Taking steam-turbine generator foundation of 1251 MW as the example in this paper, 1:8 test model is designed. Pseudo-dynamic test is carried out under intensity 7 frequently and rarely earthquake. And earthquake response characteristics of the foundation are researched. The test result shows that the foundation has the better emergency capecity. Even if design reference period is changed into 60 years from 50 years, the foundation will satisfy the requirements of seismic design standard.
7
Priadi, Ramadhan, Angga Wijaya, Maria Annaluna Pasaribu e Riska Yulinda. "Analysis of the Donggala-Palu Tsunami Characteristics based on Rupture Duration (Tdur) and Active Fault Orientation using the HC-plot Method". Jurnal Geofisika 17, n. 1 (3 settembre 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v17i1.392.
Abstract (sommario):
September 28th, 2018, Donggala-Palu earthquake M 7.5 occurred at depth of 12 km and generated tsunami to be released off the coast in Palu Bay. The tsunami that occurred in Palu was very interesting because the results of the earthquake source mechanism Palu had a type of strike-slip fault that should not have generated a tsunami. This study purpose to estimate the characteristics of the Donggala-Palu tsunami based on rupture duration ( and orientation fault activated using the HC-plot method. The data used in this study are data waveforms from 17 seismic stations and CMT Global catalog data with the area of research 0.87 0 N-1.78 0S dan 118.640E- 120.95 0E. The waveform data used is a phase P-PP vertical component signal with a Bandpass-filter 1-5 Hz for determination . The fastest rupture duration from the earthquake source is obtained from the calculation of each station. Delay time measurement after P wave for 90% (T0.9), 80% (T0.8), 50% (T0.5), dan 20% (T0.2) from its peak value. Then the HC-plot method is used to estimate the orientation of generator fault Palu earthquake and the direction of rupture from the focal mechanism. From the results of processing obtained 2 pairs of seismic stations with almost the same distance but with different azimuths. The fastest rupture duration is at BBSI station with value of 82.014 s and distance from station to epicenter . So that the rupture direction is in the azimuth from the north. The result of fault orientation was obtained hypocenter distance to the centroid for nodal plane 1 is 6.32 km and nodal plane 2 is 30.17 km with distance centroid to hypocenter is 31.22 km. So in Palu earthquake, the tsunami generator fault was in nodal plane 1 with direction north-south. Criteria obtained indicate that the Palu earthquake M 7.5 has potential for a tsunami because of its value has meet ≥ 65 s, but from the result of the focal mechanism direction field not passing through the Palu bay is thought to be another parameter that generates a tsunami and Palu koro fault line uncharted.
8
Guan, Xiao Jun, Guo Ping Chen e Ying Yang. "Analyze of the Seismic Behavior of Wind Energy Building". Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (ottobre 2011): 934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.934.
Abstract (sommario):
In the recent years, the wind energy building is rapidly developed world wide as a new kind of building style, for its low price and it’s friendly to environment. The wind energy building a combination of wind power and buildings, it could turn wind power into electric energy, which also could relieve the energy scarcity problem to some extent. The wind driven generator and high-rise building structure were integrated, and ANSYS was used to complete the analysis of the behaviors of structures with and without wind generator, under EI-Centro earthquake wave and Taft earthquake wave. By comparing the results of those two models, the feasibility of the wind energy and building integration was verified.
9
Petrescu, Laura, e Iren-Adelina Moldovan. "Prospective Neural Network Model for Seismic Precursory Signal Detection in Geomagnetic Field Records". Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction 4, n. 4 (7 ottobre 2022): 912–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/make4040046.
Abstract (sommario):
We designed a convolutional neural network application to detect seismic precursors in geomagnetic field records. Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural hazards on Earth, yet their short-term forecasting has not been achieved. Stress loading in dry rocks can generate electric currents that cause short-term changes to the geomagnetic field, yielding theoretically detectable pre-earthquake electromagnetic emissions. We propose a CNN model that scans windows of geomagnetic data streams and self-updates using nearby earthquakes as labels, under strict detectability criteria. We show how this model can be applied in three key seismotectonic settings, where geomagnetic observatories are optimally located in high-seismicity-rate epicentral areas. CNNs require large datasets to be able to accurately label seismic precursors, so we expect the model to improve as more data become available with time. At present, there is no synthetic data generator for this kind of application, so artificial data augmentation is not yet possible. However, this deep learning model serves to illustrate its potential usage in earthquake forecasting in a systematic and unbiased way. Our method can be prospectively applied to any kind of three-component dataset that may be physically connected to seismogenic processes at a given depth.
10
Umran, Maria, e Hafiz Mohd Sarim. "Knowledge Transfer About Earthquake Disaster Mitigation To Children Through TF-IDF". Elkawnie 6, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v6i2.7281.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract: Past observations during a disaster identify that when children are separated from parents, they suffer due to the inability to comprehend disaster mitigation concepts. This study proposes a process from the existing framework K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) for extracting a large body of knowledge in the form of documents into simple words. Those simple words can be arranged into contextual lyrics utilizing an Artificial Intelligence lyrics generator and then orchestrated into a song using a music generator. The piece, which is the output of the proposed process, is utilized to transfer the knowledge about earthquake disaster mitigation to children. A quantitative analysis of questionnaires on students aged 9-10 in Banda Aceh shows the song's highly significant effect in transferring the knowledge about earthquake disaster mitigation to children.
11
Liperovsky, V. A., C. V. Meister, E. V. Liperovskaya e V. V. Bogdanov. "On the generation of electric field and infrared radiation in aerosol clouds due to radon emanation in the atmosphere before earthquakes". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 8, n. 5 (28 ottobre 2008): 1199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-8-1199-2008.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. The non-stationary Frenkel model of the generator of spikes of the local electric field with time scales of 1–100 min in the atmosphere near seismic fracture regions some days before strong earthqukes is analysed. The model suggests an aerosol cloud, an increased ionisation velocity (e.g. by radon emanation), and an upward flow of air. It was found that during times of earthquake activity (that means a few days before an earthquake), for realistic increases of the ionization intensity of the atmosphere, mosaic-likely occurring and disappearing pulses of local electric fields with intensities of the order of 103−3×103 Vm−1 should be observable. These electric fields would also cause spikes of non-equilibrium IR emissions (0.7–20 μm) and local spikes of the magnetic field. The authors propose to perform special complex Earth-based observations of the night-time emissions of the atmosphere in the IR region and of the magnetic as well as quasi-stationary electric fields at some points near to fracture regions in seismo-active belts.
12
Chen, Wenjian, Vasily Chernenko, Victor Petrosyants e Vladimir Grishchenko. "Complex for experimental research of elastic wave interactions with ice layer". E3S Web of Conferences 127 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912702006.
Abstract (sommario):
An adjustable pneumatic generator of acoustic signals with shock excitation was developed. Measuring and computing complex was also created to investigate elastic acoustic wave propagation along ice surface. Experiments on low-frequency acoustic signal propagation from the pneumatic generator were carried out in «water-ice-air» system. The possibility to apply the developed measuring and computing complex for physical modeling of acoustic wave propagation from earthquake sources along ice cover was confirmed.
13
Nakamura, Tsuneyoshi, e Makoto Ohsaki. "Sequential generator of earthquake-response constrained trusses for design strain ranges". Computers & Structures 33, n. 6 (gennaio 1989): 1403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(89)90480-x.
14
KIMURA, Kazumasa, Morimoto DEGUCHI, Akio WATANABE, Naoki ONO e Ryutaro IMAMURA. "509 Confirmed of the earthquake resistance of emergency gas turbine generator". Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2011 (2011): _509–1_—_509–11_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2011._509-1_.
15
Zou, Zan, Yue Du e Huixing Song. "Fractal Features in Terrain Restoration of Jiuzhai Valley, a World Natural Heritage Site in China". Fractal and Fractional 7, n. 12 (5 dicembre 2023): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7120863.
Abstract (sommario):
Jiuzhai Valley, a World Natural Heritage Site, was significantly damaged by an earthquake in 2017. However, case studies on the restoration of World Natural Heritage sites are lacking. This study aimed to use the box-counting method to analyze fractal characteristics of the terrain in Shuzheng Valley. Research data were used to conduct artificial intervention restoration of the earthquake-damaged terrain. Our results showed that (i) the travertine terrain shows self-similarity at different scales. The fractal dimension was related to terrain complexity: the more complex the terrain, the higher the fractal-dimension value; (ii) a combined form of fractal generator elements at the same scale was related to terrain complexity—differences in the spatial combination of the fractal generator elements can be compared based on fractal dimension; and (iii) the newly restored dam terrain also showed fractal characteristics whose spatial combination form was similar to that of the surrounding terrain. The complexity of the terrain’s fractal element combination may be related to the influence of surrounding environmental factors and the different ecological functional requirements. This study provides basic data for the near natural restoration of the Sparkling Lake travertine terrain after an earthquake and proposes new concepts and strategies for restoring World Natural Heritage Site terrains.
16
Schmedes, J., Ralph J. Archuleta e Daniel Lavallée. "A kinematic rupture model generator incorporating spatial interdependency of earthquake source parameters". Geophysical Journal International 192, n. 3 (23 dicembre 2012): 1116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggs021.
17
Shin, Jaehee, Sungho Ji, Jiyoung Yoon e Jinhyoung Park. "Module-Type Triboelectric Nanogenerators Capable of Harvesting Power from a Variety of Mechanical Energy Sources". Micromachines 12, n. 9 (29 agosto 2021): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091043.
Abstract (sommario):
In this study, we propose a module-type triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) capable of harvesting electricity from a variety of mechanical energy sources and generating power from diverse forms that fit the modular structure of the generator. The potential energy and kinetic energy of water are used for the rotational motion of the generator module, and electricity is generated by the contact/separation generation mode between the two triboelectric surfaces inside the rotating TENG. Through the parametric design of the internal friction surface structure and mass ball, we optimized the output of the proposed structure. To magnify the power, experiments were conducted to optimize the electrical output of the series of the TENG units. Consequently, outputs of 250 V and 11 μA were obtained when the angle formed between the floor and the housing was set at 0° while nitrile was set as the positively charged material and the frequency was set at 7 Hz. The electrical signal generated by the module-type TENG can be used as a sensor to recognize the strength and direction of various physical quantities, such as wind and earthquake vibrations.
18
Getaldić, Magdalena. "Earthquake consequences, solidarity volunteering and new perspectives of the Glyptotheque of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts". Libellarium: časopis za istraživanja u području informacijskih i srodnih znanosti 13, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2022): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/libellarium.3462.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose. The aim of the paper is to present the activities that the Glyptotheque CASA (Gliptoteka HAZU) undertook after the earthquakes in 2020 to preserve sculptural heritage in times of crisis. The intention is also to describe the experience of solidarity and cooperation with different partners and volunteers. The aim is also revaluation and presentation of plans for the overall renovation of the buildings and new displays. Approach/methodology. The paper shows the degree of damage to the buildings and the museum fund through a case study. The basic data on the damage and how evacuation was approached, the methodology of listing damage, and the organization of work in conditions of a pandemic and limited social contact are presented. Findings. The paper presents the activities in which professional staff of the Glyptotheque was involved, as well as volunteers – professional restorers, who kindly helped to make detailed documentation of the current condition of the damaged sculptures. The response to this earthquake showed that solidarity and care for heritage go together. Therefore, a complete renovation and reconstruction of the museum complex are being planned, and a new permanent exhibition. Value. The paper presents a valuable experience of a sculpture museum after the earthquake with the aim of raising awareness of endangered cultural heritage and the importance of its preventive protection, as well as the necessity of revaluation of museum activities in terms of protection and placement of museum objects. The paper describes the events and methods of working in crisis situations, such as the earthquake that hit the museum, and the pandemic that affected the overall work of the museum and professional staff. This unfortunate, unique experience was a generator of changes. Therefore, the creation of plans for the future renovation and the overall renovation of the museum complex, as well as plans for new modernized permanent exhibits, has begun.
19
Kondo, Hisayoshi, Yuichi Koido, Hirotaka Uesgi, Yoshitaka Kohayagawa, Ayako Takahashi, Yuzuru Kawashima, Miho Misaki, Kayako Chishima e Yoshiki Toyokuni. "2018 Natural Disaster Response in Japan". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (maggio 2019): s98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19002000.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction:Japan experienced several major disasters in 2018.Aim:Evaluation of medical response was conducted and problems determined to solve for future response.Methods:An evaluation conducted on DMAT responding report of Northern Osaka Earthquake, West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster, Typhoon Jebi, and Hokkaido Iburi East Earthquake.Results:DMAT responded 58 teams for Osaka Northern Earthquake, 119 teams for West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster, 17 teams for Typhoon Jebi, 67 teams for Hokkaido Iburi East Earthquake. At the Osaka Northern Earthquake, by comparing the report of seismic diagnosis, results and, a magnitude of each region, hospital damage was evaluated. At the West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster, a flood hazard map was used to expect inundation at hospitals. At the Hokkaido Iburi East Earthquake, information of hospital generator was gathered and planned assistance for loss of power. Water supply cessation in the West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster and loss of power in the Hokkaido Iburi East Earthquake influenced hospital functionality. More precise preparation for hospital management in the event of a loss of power and water supply situation required in not only in local government but also each hospital. For the West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster, we experienced the same type of major disasters in the past, but could not manage accordingly. For the Hokkaido Iburi East Earthquake, we applied what was learned from the West Japan Torrential Rain Disaster.Discussion:Disaster medical operation was supposed to be managed with information from the Emergency Medical Information System (EMIS). However, 2018 disasters provided lessons that require a full understanding of disaster prior information and expected disaster damage information to manage disaster assistance. To accomplish effective disaster assistance, information must be gathered of supplies and assistance required by hospitals. An effective system to facilitate lessons learned needs to be developed
20
Martchenke, Julie, e James E. Pointer. "Hospital Disaster Operations During the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 9, n. 3 (settembre 1994): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0004125x.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractObjective:To study hospital disaster operations following a major United States disaster.Design:Researchers interviewed all 51 hospital administrators and 49 of 51 emergency department (ED) charge nurses and emergency physicians who were on duty at the study hospitals during the 13-hour period immediately following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.Setting:The 51 acute-care hospitals in the six northern California counties most affected by the Loma Prieta earthquake.Measurements:Questionnaires and inperson interviews.Results:The most frequently noted problem was lack of communications within and among organizations. Hospitals received inadequate information about the disaster from local governmental agencies. Forty-three percent of hospitals had inadequate back-up power configurations, and five hospitals sustained total back-up generator failures. Twenty hospitals performed partial evacuations.Conclusions:The Loma Prieta earthquake did not cause total disruption of hospital services. Hospitals need to work with local governmental agencies and internal hospital departments to improve disaster communications.
21
Rajkumar, Karmegam, Ramanathan Ayothiraman e Vasant A. Matsagar. "Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction on Torsionally Coupled Base Isolated Machine Foundation under Earthquake Load". Shock and Vibration 2021 (20 maggio 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6686646.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper, the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on a torsionally coupled turbo-generator (TG) machine foundation is studied under earthquake ground motions. The beneficial effects of base isolators in the TG foundation under earthquake ground motions are also studied duly, considering the effects of SSI. A typical TG foundation is analyzed using a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model. Two superstructure eccentricity ratios are considered to represent the torsional coupling. Soft soil properties are considered to study the effects of SSI. This research concludes that the effects of torsional coupling alter the natural frequencies, if ignored, could lead to unsafe design. The deck accelerations and displacements are increased with an increase in superstructure eccentricity. On the other hand, the deck accelerations and displacements are greatly reduced with the help of base isolators, thus confirming the beneficial use of base isolators in machine foundations to protect the sensitive equipment from the strong earthquake ground motions. However, the effects of SSI reduce the natural frequencies of the TG foundation resting on soft soil conditions and activate the higher mode participation, resulting in amplifying the response.
22
Bustamante, Ricardo, Gilberto Mosqueda e Minkyu Kim. "Enhanced Seismic Protection System for an Emergency Diesel Generator Unit". Energies 15, n. 5 (25 febbraio 2022): 1728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051728.
Abstract (sommario):
Nuclear power plants are required to maintain operation after an earthquake, leading to a safe shutdown if necessary. In the case of a loss of offsite power, the onsite emergency diesel generator is critical to ensure procedural operations of the nuclear power plant. As a means to reduce the overall seismic risk, a three-dimensional seismic protection system is proposed to enhance the seismic performance of the emergency diesel generator. The proposed seismic isolation system decouples the horizontal and vertical components of shaking and considers available hardware to achieve an effective isolation solution over the range of excitation frequencies considered. Numerical analysis of the proposed system demonstrates a reduction in seismic demands on the emergency diesel generator and provides a higher safety margin than conventional base installation procedures. Umbilical lines that cross the isolation plane are considered and impose additional constraints on the displacement capacity of the isolation system. However, increasing the displacement capacity of these components can significantly increase the safety margin against failure. The seismic protection system can be customized depending on the seismic hazard and application to different seismic regions.
23
Jeong, Se Yeong, Jae Yong Cho, Seong Do Hong, Wonseop Hwang, Hamid Jabbar, Jung Hwan Ahn, Jeong Pil Jhun e Tae Hyun Sung. "Self-Powered Operational Amplifying System with a Bipolar Voltage Generator Using a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester". Electronics 9, n. 1 (27 dicembre 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9010041.
Abstract (sommario):
Piezoelectric devices previously studied usually generated a single voltage to power an electronic device. However, depending on the user’s purpose, the electronic device may need dual power supply. Here, we report a self-powered bipolar voltage generator using a piezoelectric energy harvester with two piezoelectric devices. When a force is applied to the piezoelectric energy harvester, the two piezoelectric devices separately supply positive and negative voltages to the operational amplifier that requires dual power supply to amplify an AC signal that have positive and negative polarity. At the same time, the harvester supplies additional power to an electronic device through a DC-to-DC converter with an output voltage of 3.3 V. This technique proves the feasibility of applying the piezoelectric energy harvester to operational amplifying systems in the field of sound, earthquake, and sonar that require both bipolar and single voltages without external power sources.
24
SUZUKI, Yoshitaka, Yuji SAKO e Atsushi MORIKAWA. "DAMAGE SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF WIND TURBINE GENERATOR SUPPORT STRUCTURE CAUSED BY THE 2016 KUMAMOTO EARTHQUAKE". AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 26, n. 62 (20 febbraio 2020): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.26.73.
25
Alam, M. Rabiul, e Alam S. M. Jahangir. "Data Automation System by Using Computer Controlled Stepper Motor". Applied Mechanics and Materials 197 (settembre 2012): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.197.482.
Abstract (sommario):
Computer Controller has found their place in many different applications. A Controller can be a good choice whenever controlled movement is required. This paper presents the usage of the applications of stepper motors in different areas including printers, plotters, high-end office equipment, hard disk drives, medical equipment, fax machines, robotic, washing machine, power generator automation, satellite automation, sensing automation, bio-sensing systems, earthquake measurement any automotive and many more. Practical experiment shows that when Controller is connected with parallel port, it can be controlled by the computer.
26
Ikeya, Motoji, e Hiroshi Matsumoto. "Reproduced Earthquake Precursor Legends Using a Van de Graaff Electrostatic Generator: Candle Flame and Dropped Nails". Naturwissenschaften 84, n. 12 (17 dicembre 1997): 539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140050441.
27
Kajitani, Yoshio, Daisuke Takabatake, Ayumi Yuyama, Tomomi Ishikawa e Wolfgang Kröger. "A framework to estimate a long-term power shortage risk following large-scale earthquake and tsunami disasters". PLOS ONE 18, n. 3 (27 marzo 2023): e0283686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283686.
Abstract (sommario):
While power shortages during and after a natural disaster cause severe impacts on response and recovery activities, related modeling and data collection efforts have been limited. In particular, no methodology exists to analyze long-term power shortages such as those that occurred during the Great East Japan Earthquake. To visualize a risk of supply shortage during a disaster and assist the coherent recovery of supply and demand systems, this study proposes an integrated damage and recovery estimation framework including the power generator, trunk distribution systems (over 154 kV), and power demand system. This framework is unique because it thoroughly investigates the vulnerability and resilience characteristics of power systems as well as businesses as primary power consumers observed in past disasters in Japan. These characteristics are essentially modeled by statistical functions, and a simple power supply–demand matching algorism is implemented using these functions. As a result, the proposed framework reproduces the original power supply and demand status from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake in a relatively consistent manner. Using stochastic components of the statistical functions, the average supply margin is estimated to be 4.1%, but the worst-case scenario is a 5.6% shortfall relative to peak demand. Thus, by applying the framework, the study improves knowledge on potential risk by examining a particular past disaster; the findings are expected to enhance risk perception and supply and demand preparedness after a future large-scale earthquake and tsunami disaster.
28
Meng, Qingjun, Benchun Duan e Bin Luo. "Using a dynamic earthquake simulator to explore tsunami earthquake generation". Geophysical Journal International 229, n. 1 (18 novembre 2021): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab470.
Abstract (sommario):
SUMMARY Observations of historical tsunami earthquakes reveal that ruptures of these earthquakes propagate slowly at shallow depth with longer duration, depletion in high-frequency radiation and larger discrepancy of Mw–Ms than ordinary megathrust earthquakes. They can effectively generate tsunami and lead to huge damage to regional populated areas near the coast. In this study, we use a recently developed dynamic earthquake simulator to explore tsunami earthquake generation from a physics-based modelling point of view. We build a shallow-dipping subduction zone model in which locally locked, unstable patches (asperities) are distributed on a conditionally stable subduction interface at shallow depth. The dynamic earthquake simulator captures both quasi-static and dynamic processes of earthquake cycles. We find that earthquakes can nucleate on these asperities and propagate into the surrounding conditionally stable zone at slow speeds, generating tsunami earthquakes. A high normal stress asperity, representing a subducted seamount, can act as an asperity in some events but as a barrier in other events over multiple earthquake cycles. Low normal stress asperities typically act as asperities in tsunami earthquakes. The degree of velocity-weakening in the conditionally stable zone, which may sustain rupture at different speeds or stop rupture, is critical for tsunami earthquake generation and affects its recurrence interval. Distributed asperities may rupture in isolated events separated by tens of years, or in a sequence of events separated by hours to days, or in one large event in a cascade fashion, demonstrating complex interactions among them. The recurrence interval on a high normal stress asperity is much larger than that on low normal stress asperities. These modelling results shed lights on the observations from historical tsunami earthquakes, including the 1994 and 2006 Java tsunami earthquakes and 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake.
29
Barannik, M. B., A. N. Danilin, B. V. Efimov, V. V. Kolobov, P. I. Prokopchuk, V. N. Selivanov, Yu A. Kopytenko e A. A. Zhamaletdinov. "High-voltage rectifier of the Energy-2 generator for electromagnetic sounding and monitoring of earthquake source zones". Seismic Instruments 46, n. 3 (luglio 2010): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0747923910030011.
30
An, Dong, e Tianwang Liu. "Seismic Test and Simulation of Spring Vibration Isolated Foundation for Turbo-Generator". Shock and Vibration 2021 (2 marzo 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8884920.
Abstract (sommario):
The 1 : 8 model of turbo-generator vibration isolated foundation of common islands in nuclear plants was established for vibration characteristic tests and pseudodynamic experiments. The finite element model was established by SeismoStruct for time-history analysis. Frequencies, modal shapes and seismic responses, deformation curves, and spring deformations were compared and analyzed. Results from tests and experiments show that the natural frequencies of spring vibration isolation foundation are lower than those of common frame foundations and the vertical frequencies are far from the working disturbance frequency of the turbo-generator units. The spring vibration isolation device can reduce the acceleration response of the TG (turbo-generator) deck and redistribute the horizontal earthquake action of the foundation according to the stiffness to give full play to the seismic capacity of the columns. The errors of natural vibration frequencies and maximum seismic response are approximately 15% and 10%, respectively, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the test and experiment data. The proportion and distribution of spring deformation are close, and the test study shows the convenient and precise realization of the simulation. Results of seismic experiments and numerical simulations show that the foundation design meets the standard of the “Code for Seismic Design of Buildings” in China, which realizes the goal of spring vibration isolation and seismic resistance. The foundation design is also reasonable, safe, and reliable.
31
Van Dissen, R., M. McSaveney, D. Townsend, G. Hancox, T. A. Little, W. Ries, N. Perrin et al. "Landslides and liquefaction generated by the Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 46, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2013): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.46.4.196-200.
Abstract (sommario):
Following both the Cook Strait earthquake (Mw 6.6; 21 July, 2013) and the Lake Grassmere earthquake (Mw 6.6; 16 August, 2013) reconnaissance visits were made of the epicentral regions to document the general distribution and extend of landslides, liquefaction, and other ground damage effects generated by these earthquakes. The extent of landsliding generated in central New Zealand by these two earthquakes was at the lower end of the expected range for shallow earthquakes of these magnitudes. Liquefaction effects generated by the Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes in central New Zealand were substantially less than those generated by the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes in the Christchurch area, despite the fact that the Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes were of comparable size and proximity, and impacted grossly similar geological settings. There is no evidence of primary ground-surface fault rupture during the Lake Grassmere earthquake.
32
Pitarka, Arben, Robert Graves, Kojiro Irikura, Hiroe Miyake e Arthur Rodgers. "Performance of Irikura Recipe Rupture Model Generator in Earthquake Ground Motion Simulations with Graves and Pitarka Hybrid Approach". Pure and Applied Geophysics 174, n. 9 (28 febbraio 2017): 3537–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-017-1504-3.
33
Matsumoto, Satoshi, Tomomi Okada, Toshiko Terakawa, Makoto Uyeshima e Yoshihisa Iio. "The Advancement of Research on Inland Earthquake Generation 2014–2018". Journal of Disaster Research 15, n. 2 (20 marzo 2020): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2020.p0096.
Abstract (sommario):
The 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake (M9.0) significantly affected inland areas of Japan. The crust and mantle response to the magathrust earthquake induced changes in the mechanical conditions of the seismogenic zone. Here we present important progress in the research into the seismogenesis of inland earthquakes. Stress, strain, strength, and structures are key parameters affecting the occurrence of earthquakes. In particular, both the spatial and temporal changes in these parameters around the focal areas of the large inland earthquakes have been detected and modeled. These results have provided spatial potential evaluation in terms of future inland earthquake occurrence. However, we clearly recognize that, in order to understand and predict the inland earthquake generation process, it will inevitably be necessary to unify the research on various spatial and temporal scales, from problems related to long-term stress loading from plate-relative motion to instant fault response.
34
Sari, Dwi Mutia, Rifqi Aulia Zaim e Ary Ramadhan. "PERANCANGAN QUICK RESPON (QR) CODE PADA INFOGRAFIS MITIGASI BENCANA ALAM GEMPA DAN TSUNAMI". Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa 12, n. 1 (16 giugno 2023): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/gr.v12i1.42181.
Abstract (sommario):
This design aims to make it easier for user to obtain information about earthquaeke and tsunami natural disaster mitigation in the Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) area, because this design generates an application pattern using QR code technology from natural disaster mitigation infographics, which is desperately needed as a form of knowledge in early reaction to earthquake and tsunami natural disasters that can threaten at any time, it intends to make it simpler for users to access information about earthquake and tsunami natural disaster mitigation in the Padang State University (UNP) area. The advancement of this technology can undoubtedly make it easier for consumers to find information quickly. In order to give consumers access to knowledge regarding rescue mitigation and preparation in the event of an earthquake and tsunami natural disaster anytime, anyplace, this technology is utilized to deliver earthquake and tsunami natural disaster mitigation infographics in the UNP region. The infographic about earthquake and tsunami natural disaster mitigation in the Padang UNP area uses a QR code to provide information on understanding of earthquake and tsunami natural disaster mitigation. The design process utilized is the 4D method (define, design, develop, and distribute). Because it can be accessible at any time and from any location, the adoption of infographics in the form of a QR code as a result of this design makes it simpler for consumers to receive information.Keywords: design, quick respon code. AbstrakPerancangan ini bertujuan untuk mempermudah user dalam memperoleh informasi mengenai mitigasi bencana alam gempa dan tsunami di kawasan Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), karena perancangan ini menghasilkan sebuah patern aplikasi berteknologi QR code dari infografis mitigasi bencana alam yang sangat dibutuhkan sebagai bentuk pengetahuan dalam penanggulanan dini terhadap bencana alam gempa dan tsunami yang dapat mengancam sewaktu-waktu. Perkembangan teknologi ini tentu dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi user dalam memperoleh informasi dalam waktu yang singkat. Teknologi tersebut dimanfaatkan dalam penyampaian infografis mitigasi bencana alam gempa dan tsunami kawasan UNP sehingga user dapat mengakses informasi pengetahuan mengenai mitigasi penyelamatan dan persiapan apabila terjadi bencana alam gempa dan tsunami kapan saja dan dimana saja. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah metode 4D (define, design, develope dan disseminate) untuk mencapai hasil pembuatan QR code yang sesuai dengan tujuannya dalam pemberian informasi pengetahuan mitigasi bencana alam gempa dan tsunami tersebuah infografis mitigasi bencana alam gempa dan tsunami di kawasan UNP Padang. Hasil dari perancangan ini berupa implementasi infografis dalam bentuk QR code yang mempermudah usernya dalam memperoleh informasi karena dapat diakses kapan saja dan dimana saja.Kata Kunci: perancangan, quick respon code. Authors:Dwi Mutia Sari : Universitas Negeri PadangRifqi Aulia Zaim : Universitas Negeri PadangAry Ramadhan : Universitas Negeri Padang References:Adha, R. (2010). Message Digest dalam bentuk QR Code Sebagai Tanda Tangan Digital. Bandung: Program Studi Teknik Informatika STEI ITB.Azis, N., Pribadi, G., & Nurcahya, M. S. (2020). Analisa dan Perancangan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Dasar Berbasis Android. Ikraith-Informatika, 4(3), 1-5.Fariyanto, F., Suaidah, S., & Ulum, F. (2021). Perancangan Aplikasi Pemilihan Kepala Desa Dengan Metode Ux Design Thinking (Studi Kasus: Kampung Kuripan). Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi, 2(2), 52-60.Nugraha, M. P., & Munir, R. (2011). Pengembangan Aplikasi QR Code Generator dan QR Code Reader dari Data Berbentuk Image. In Informatics National Conference (pp. 148-149).Sari, D. M., Afriwan, H., Purnomo, E., & Kharisma, M. (2021). Perancangan Infografis Shelter Bangunan di Kawasan Universitas Negeri Padang sebagai Mitigasi Bencana Alam Gempa dan Tsunami. Gorga: Jurnal Seni Rupa, 10(2), 287-294.Simorangkir, A., Mesra, M., Azis, A. C. K., & Sugito, S. (2022). Analisis Gambar Karya Siswa SD Swasta Karang Sari Medan Menurut Lowenfeld. ELEMENTARY SCHOOL JOURNAL PGSD FIP UNIMED, 12(1), 57-61.
35
Barannik, M. B., A. N. Danilin, B. V. Efimov, V. V. Kolobov, P. I. Prokopchuk, V. N. Selivanov, A. N. Shevtsov, Y. A. Kopytenko e A. A. Zhamaletdinov. "High-voltage power inverter of the generator “Energy-2” for electromagnetic soundings and monitoring of the earthquake source zones". Seismic Instruments 46, n. 1 (gennaio 2010): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0747923910010068.
36
Shimoda, Tomofumi, Kévin Juhel, Jean-Paul Ampuero, Jean-Paul Montagner e Matteo Barsuglia. "Early earthquake detection capabilities of different types of future-generation gravity gradiometers". Geophysical Journal International 224, n. 1 (10 ottobre 2020): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa486.
Abstract (sommario):
SUMMARY Since gravity changes propagate at the speed of light, gravity perturbations induced by earthquake deformation have the potential to enable faster alerts than the current earthquake early warning systems based on seismic waves. Additionally, for large earthquakes (Mw > 8), gravity signals may allow for a more reliable magnitude estimation than seismic-based methods. Prompt elastogravity signals induced by earthquakes of magnitude larger than 7.9 have been previously detected with seismic arrays and superconducting gravimeters. For smaller earthquakes, down to Mw ≃ 7, it has been proposed that detection should be based on measurements of the gradient of the gravitational field, in order to mitigate seismic vibration noise and to avoid the cancelling effect of the ground motions induced by gravity signals. Here we simulate the five independent components of the gravity gradient signals induced by earthquakes of different focal mechanisms. We study their spatial amplitude distribution to determine what kind of detectors is preferred (which components of the gravity gradient are more informative), how detectors should be arranged and how earthquake source parameters can be estimated. The results show that early earthquake detections, within 10 s of the rupture onset, using only the horizontal gravity strain components are achievable up to about 140 km distance from the epicentre. Depending on the earthquake focal mechanism and on the detector location, additional measurement of the vertical gravity strain components can enhance the detectable range by 10–20 km. These results are essential for the design of gravity-based earthquake early warning systems.
37
Zhang, Yihe. "Causes and recommendations for post-disaster reconstruction earthquake in Turkey". Applied and Computational Engineering 9, n. 1 (25 settembre 2023): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/9/20230091.
Abstract (sommario):
Earthquake, also known as ground motion and ground vibration, is a natural phenomenon caused by the rapid release of energy from the earth's crust, during which seismic waves are generated. The current level of science and technology cannot predict the arrival of earthquakes, and earthquakes will be unpredictable for a long time in the future. The so-called examples of successful earthquake prediction are basically coincidences. For earthquakes, what we should do is to improve the seismic level of buildings and do a good job of defence, rather than predicting earthquakes. Turkey experienced a strong earthquake in 2023, causing a large number of buildings to collapse and casualties. One of the main reasons why the earthquake was so severe was that Turkey was located in an earthquake zone between the Eurasian continents, and the collision of plates caused the earthquake. Second, Turkey's rudimentary building structures and misuse of raw materials increased the damage caused by the disaster. For the damage of this disaster, it is necessary to establish a relatively complete earthquake relief system, including the improvement of the strength of earthquake-resistant buildings and the rescue and rescue work after the disaster.
38
Anwar, Samsul. "Earthquake behavior in Sumatra territory based on time and distance between consecutive large event". E3S Web of Conferences 340 (2022): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234001010.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study is to understand the behavior of earthquakes with a specific magnitude (M) in the Sumatra territory based on their duration of time and the distance between two earthquakes that happen consecutively. We explore 1,641 data sets of duration and distances with a specific magnitude that were generated from 458 earthquakes with M ≥ 5.0 during 2009-2017. This study revealed that the occurrence of the later (second) earthquake at any location (referred to in this paper as a recurring earthquake) with a bigger or equal magnitude as the previous one depends on duration especially for magnitude under 5.8. The comparison analyses showed that the recurring earthquake events tended to have similar average distances. However, the length of time between two earthquakes is different for lower magnitudes (under 6.0), whereas between an earthquake and a recurring earthquake with a magnitude above 6.0, the length of time tends to be similar.
39
Ravi Kiran Akella, Mohan Kumar Agrawal e Jayanta Chattopadhyay. "Development of a New Ground Motion Model for a Peninsular Indian Rock Site". Proceedings of Engineering and Technology Innovation 23 (1 gennaio 2023): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46604/peti.2023.10526.
Abstract (sommario):
The ground motion model (GMM) plays a vital role in the generation of seismic design basis ground motion parameters. Even though many intra-plate GMMs are available, very few of them are based on Peninsular India (PI) region-specific seismological parameters. Hence, it is imperative to develop a GMM using seismological parameters derived from earthquakes in the Peninsular Indian region. In this study, a new GMM is developed for a PI rock site. Due to the scarcity of real earthquakes, artificial earthquake records are simulated to generate a new GMM for PI. The accelerograms of these artificial earthquakes are obtained from the stochastic finite fault simulation technique. Region-specific seismological parameters are obtained from the available PI earthquakes. The generated GMM is compared with other intra-plate GMMs for different earthquake magnitudes. Also, the generated GMM is validated with the Koyna earthquake record and it is observed that the GMM’s predictions are closer to the record.
40
Tanioka, Y., e T. Seno. "Detailed analysis of tsunami waveforms generated by the 1946 Aleutian tsunami earthquake". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2001): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-171-2001.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. The 1946 Aleutian earthquake was a typical tsunami earthquake which generated abnormally larger tsunami than expected from its seismic waves. Previously, Johnson and Satake (1997) estimated the fault model of this earthquake using the tsunami waveforms observed at tide gauges. However, they did not model the second pulse of the tsunami at Honolulu although that was much larger than the first pulse. In this paper, we numerically computed the tsunami waveforms using the linear Boussinesq equation to determine the fault model which explains the observed tsunami waveforms including the large second pulse observed at Honolulu. The estimated fault width is 40–60 km which is much narrower than the fault widths of the typical great underthrust earthquakes, the 1957 Aleutian and the 1964 Alasuka earthquakes. A previous study of the 1896 Sanriku earthquake, another typical tsunami earthquake, suggested that the additional uplift of the sediments near the Japan Trench had a large effect on the tsunami generation. In this study, we also show that the additional uplift of the sediments near the trench, due to a large coseismic horizon-tal movement of the backstop, had a significant effect on the tsunami generation of the 1946 Aleutian earthquake. The estimated seismic moment of the 1946 Aleutian earthquake is 17–19 × 1020 20 Nm (Mw 8.1).
41
Ishibashi, Katsuhiko. "Ancient and Medieval Events and Recurrence Interval of Great Kanto Earthquakes along the Sagami Trough, Central Japan, as Inferred from Historiographical Seismology". Seismological Research Letters 91, n. 5 (3 giugno 2020): 2579–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200073.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract To know the Ancient and Medieval events and the recurrence interval of the great Kanto earthquakes such as the 1923 and 1703 ones generated by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate along the Sagami trough, central Japan, I examined the latest dataset of historical records. I used only rank-A (contemporary) materials in the Online Database of Historical Documents on Japanese Earthquakes and Eruptions in the Ancient and Medieval Ages. Among destructive earthquakes in the Kanto district before the sixteenth century, the 878 Gangyo earthquake, which has been suspected an inland event generated from the Isehara fault, is considered the oldest candidate of the Kanto earthquake based on the large-scale disaster and intense aftershock activity, though tsunami is not mentioned. The 1293 Showo (Einin) Kamakura earthquake can be regarded as a great Kanto earthquake, because of severe damage in the Kanto district and remarkable aftershock activity. During the fifteenth century, both of the 1433 Eikyo and the 1495 Meio earthquakes are regarded as candidates of the Kanto earthquake; the former caused severe damage around Kamakura on the northern coast of Sagami Bay with high-aftershock activity and presumably caused tsunami, and the latter seems to have caused large tsunamis at Kamakura and the west coast of Sagami Bay. Although further investigation is necessary to clarify which one is the Kanto earthquake, we can say that an interplate earthquake probably occurred in the fifteenth century. Intervals between successive events, in 878, 1293, 1433 or 1495, 1703, and 1923, range from 140 to 270 yr except for the first interval of 415 yr. It is very difficult to confirm whether a great interplate earthquake occurred or not during this interval by means of historiographical seismology, because the Kanto district was in the worst situation of poor historical records in those days.
42
Zavala, Carlos, Miguel Diaz e Francisco Ríos. "In Challenge of Approaching Casualties and Injured People Due to a Damaging Earthquake". Journal of Disaster Research 18, n. 4 (1 giugno 2023): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0388.
Abstract (sommario):
During big earthquakes, one of the challenges for the decision maker is the estimation of the resources for the attention of the disaster which is computed based on the casualties and injured people, which is generated by damaging earthquake. In this investigation, two criteria for the estimation of casualties during damaging earthquake were presented for Mw>6.5 in one target area, namely, Chorrillos district in the Lima metropolitan. First criterion considers the compilation of existing data that reports the casualties on damaged cities with a population density involved, considering the lifestyle, the time of occurrence, the season of the year, that could influence in the number of victims, which is normalized to avoid temporary effects in the estimation. The second criterion considers the output generated prior computed process such earthquake hazard, microzoning and risk analysis of the target area. Here a series of identification of parameters has been computed such as location of the source of earthquake, depth and epicentral distance, distribution of population, social levels, and others, to estimate the risk. For the computing of the number of casualties in the affected area, a relation between the magnitude and risk is developed. Both criteria provided results which with an uncertain measure, but not so far from each other. That gives us confidence in this approach. Also, we evaluate the estimation with the major earthquake’s scenarios for the region especially in Peru, with reasonable results.
43
ERIS, Mujgan Bilge, Cagla ALPARSLAN, Melis Almula KARADAYI, Ayla ALKAN, Duygun Fatih DEMIREL e Eylul Damla Gonul-sezer EYLUL DAMLA GONUL-SEZER. "Economic Impacts of Expected Istanbul Earthquake: Scenario Generation". Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics 22 (30 agosto 2023): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1351022.
Abstract (sommario):
It is difficult to make precise estimations about the time, location, and magnitude of earthquakes which can cause significant consequences such as massive casualties and economic losses. Although the earthquakes cannot be prevented, minimization of losses can be achieved with effective disaster management. In this study, four most likely scenarios that are put forward by the geological engineers and scientists are evaluated to illustrate the potential impacts of a possible earthquake. Therefore, effects of an earthquake on physical damage, sectoral growth and post-earthquake government expenditures, tax revenues, investments, imports, and exports are numerically estimated. Additionally, since Istanbul has an intense economic relations and workforce flow beyond its borders, it is evaluated as a whole with Kocaeli and Tekirdağ provinces. The impact of the earthquake is privatized on the basis of Istanbul, Kocaeli and Tekirdağ districts. Considering the location of the fault lines and length of breaks, it is thought that different districts would be affected by the earthquake in different degrees, and impacts of scenarios are created in this direction. Damage rates in different districts due to different magnitudes are predicted by taking 17 August 1999 Izmit Bay Earthquake as a basis. As a result of this study, the damage rates of the building stock and industrial facilities, number of casualties, sectoral and expenditure change rates in the districts of Istanbul, Tekirdağ and Kocaeli are determined. In addition, the change rates in physical, sectoral, and expenditure areas are also reflected on the rest of Türkiye. Thus, the results obtained from the scenarios will help to generate certain policy strategies after the earthquake and contribute to reducing economic, social, and physical damage.
44
HIRATA, KENJI. "TSUNAMI AMPLIFICATION ALONG THE EASTERN COAST OF INDIA AND SRI LANKA DUE TO EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE PROPAGATION IN THE SUMATRA-NICOBAR-ANDAMAN TRENCHES". Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 03, n. 02 (giugno 2009): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431109000469.
Abstract (sommario):
We investigated an effect of earthquake rupture propagation, or tsunami source propagation, on offshore tsunami amplitude through numerical simulations. In the numerical simulations, we used satellite-based real bathymetry and a realistic fault configuration for M9 class great earthquakes, and we allowed an earthquake rupture to propagate one-dimensionally in the long-axis direction of the fault. Various earthquake rupture velocities as well as various fault lengths were tested. A general feature is that the slower the earthquake rupture velocity, the larger the tsunami amplitude. This suggests that the effect of earthquake rupture propagation cannot be neglected for most of tsunamis generated by slow earthquakes. Along the eastern coast of India and Sri Lanka, however, earthquake rupture propagation makes tsunami amplification behaviors complicated and varied from station to station. This is because amplification of offshore tsunami is controlled by source configuration and bathymetry as well as rupture velocity.
45
Bermúdez-Barrios, Juan Carlos, e Hiroyuki Kumagai. "Repeating Earthquakes Along the Colombian Subduction Zone". Journal of Disaster Research 15, n. 5 (1 agosto 2020): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2020.p0645.
Abstract (sommario):
Colombia is tectonically active, and several large earthquakes have ruptured the Colombia-Ecuador subduction zone (CESZ) during the last century. Among them, the Colombia-Ecuador earthquake in 1906 (Mw 8.4) and the Tumaco earthquake in 1979 (Mw 8.3) generated destructive tsunamis. Therefore, it is important to characterize the seismic rupture processes and their relation with interplate coupling along the CESZ. We searched for repeating earthquakes by performing waveform similarity analysis. Cross correlation (CC) values were computed between earthquake pairs with hypocenter differences of less than 50 km that were located in the northern CESZ (1°–4°N) and that occurred from June 1993 to February 2018. We used broadband and short-period seismic waveform data from the Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC) seismic network. A CC threshold value of 0.90 was used to identify the waveform similarity and select repeating earthquakes. We found repeating earthquakes distributed near the trench and the coast. Our estimated repeating earthquakes near the trench suggest that the interplate coupling in this region is low. This is in clear constrast to the occurrence of a large slip in the 1906 Colombia-Ecuador earthquake along the trench in the southern part of the CESZ, and suggests that rupture modes are different between the northern and southern parts of CESZ near the trench.
46
KIN TAT, LEE, e YOUVENTHARAN DURAISAMY. "Shear Wave Velocity Measurements in Tropical Peat Using In-house Device". CONSTRUCTION 2, n. 1 (18 maggio 2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/construction.v2i1.7404.
Abstract (sommario):
Many people in the construction industry will agree that peat is a problematic material due to its compressibility behaviour. However, construction on these areas are inevitable because of the scarcity in space and suitable land for development. Hence, there is a need for proper in-situ testing on soil properties before any construction work can be carried out in peat. Shear wave (S-wave) velocity (Vs ) used to compute the small strain shear modulus, (Go ) which is an essential parameter to design structures in earthquake and vibration prone areas. The most versatile method to assess is by measuring shear wave propagation through soil samples using bender elements tests (BET). Currently, BET is limited to laboratory environments, which can be time consuming and expensive. Therefore, a portable device of BET for peat has been proposed in this research which is simple to use and economical. The proposed setup consists of an oscilloscope, digital multimeter, signal generator, signal amplifier, direct current generator and a pair of piezoelectric bender elements. Peak-to-peak method from time domain (TD) technique is implemented as the method to analyse shear waves. To validate the function of the proposed device, different types of soil samples including Ottawa sand, Kaolin S300, Silty loam, Hemic, and Fibric peat were prepared. The peat samples for this study were collected from Pekan and Maran districts in Pahang, Malaysia. With a suitable frequency input from the sine wave generated, the Vs determined from the device was used to compute Go. Results show there is only a less than 10% error in when it was compared with the typical values of tropical peat. The proposed device is also effective to differentiate the type of soil sample when tested. In summary, the proposed in-house device can be used as an indicator and to find out the initial value of Vs and Go in tropical peat soil.
47
Men, Kepei, e Lei Cui. "Research on Evaluation Models and Empirical Analysis of Earthquake Disaster Losses in China". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 67, n. 10-11 (1 novembre 2012): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2012-0059.
Abstract (sommario):
Earthquake disasters occurred very frequently in China. As a result, to evaluate the losses has important social value and economic effect. This paper focuses on the assessment of economic losses of earthquake disasters which is divided into two parts: direct economic loss and indirect economic loss. First, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test is used to determine the distribution of the earthquake losses per year in China, fitting the frequency of earthquake that happened per month in China. Second, the grey clustering method and principal component analysis (PCA) are applied, respectively, for direct economic loss rating and indirect economic loss rating. Finally, the economic loss generated by the earthquakes which happened from 2006 to 2009 in China is evaluated, and eight earthquakes are rated based on the comprehensive economic loss.
48
Suppasri, A., F. Imamura e S. Koshimura. "Tsunamigenic Ratio of the Pacific Ocean earthquakes and a proposal for a Tsunami Index". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, n. 1 (17 gennaio 2012): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-175-2012.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. The Pacific Ocean is the location where two-thirds of tsunamis have occurred, resulting in a great number of casualties. Once information on an earthquake has been issued, it is important to understand if there is a tsunami generation risk in relation with a specific earthquake magnitude or focal depth. This study proposes a Tsunamigenic Ratio (TR) that is defined as the ratio between the number of earthquake-generated tsunamis and the total number of earthquakes. Earthquake and tsunami data used in this study were selected from a database containing tsunamigenic earthquakes from prior 1900 to 2011. The TR is calculated from earthquake events with a magnitude greater than 5.0, a focal depth shallower than 200 km and a sea depth less than 7 km. The results suggest that a great earthquake magnitude and a shallow focal depth have a high potential to generate tsunamis with a large tsunami height. The average TR in the Pacific Ocean is 0.4, whereas the TR for specific regions of the Pacific Ocean varies from 0.3 to 0.7. The TR calculated for each region shows the relationship between three influential parameters: earthquake magnitude, focal depth and sea depth. The three parameters were combined and proposed as a dimensionless parameter called the Tsunami Index (TI). TI can express better relationship with the TR and with maximum tsunami height, while the three parameters mentioned above cannot. The results show that recent submarine earthquakes had a higher potential to generate a tsunami with a larger tsunami height than during the last century. A tsunami is definitely generated if the TI is larger than 7.0. The proposed TR and TI will help ascertain the tsunami generation risk of each earthquake event based on a statistical analysis of the historical data and could be an important decision support tool during the early tsunami warning stage.
49
Gizzi, Fabrizio Terenzio, e Maria Rosaria Potenza. "Earthquake Insurance in California, USA: What Does Community-Generated Big Data Reveal to Us?" Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, n. 2 (20 maggio 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6020060.
Abstract (sommario):
California has a high seismic hazard, as many historical and recent earthquakes remind us. To deal with potential future damaging earthquakes, a voluntary insurance system for residential properties is in force in the state. However, the insurance penetration rate is quite low. Bearing this in mind, the aim of this article is to ascertain whether Big Data can provide policymakers and stakeholders with useful information in view of future action plans on earthquake coverage. Therefore, we extracted and analyzed the online search interest in earthquake insurance over time (2004–2021) through Google Trends (GT), a website that explores the popularity of top search queries in Google Search across various regions and languages. We found that (1) the triggering of online searches stems primarily from the occurrence of earthquakes in California and neighboring areas as well as oversea regions, thus suggesting that the interest of users was guided by both direct and vicarious earthquake experiences. However, other natural hazards also come to people’s notice; (2) the length of the higher level of online attention spans from one day to one week, depending on the magnitude of the earthquakes, the place where they occur, the temporal proximity of other natural hazards, and so on; (3) users interested in earthquake insurance are also attentive to knowing the features of the policies, among which are first the price of coverage, and then their worth and practical benefits; (4) online interest in the time span analyzed fits fairly well with the real insurance policy underwritings recorded over the years. Based on the research outcomes, we can propose the establishment of an observatory to monitor the online behavior that is suitable for supporting well-timed and geographically targeted information and communication action plans.
50
Ikegaya, Naoki, George Seki e Nobutaka Ohta. "How Should Disaster Base Hospitals Prepare for Dialysis Therapy after Earthquakes? Introduction of Double Water Piping Circuits Provided by Well Water System". BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9647156.
Abstract (sommario):
After earthquakes, continuing dialysis for patients with ESRD and patients suffering from crush syndrome is the serious problem. In this paper, we analyzed the failure of the provision of dialysis services observed in recent disasters and discussed how to prepare for disasters to continue dialysis therapy. Japan has frequently experienced devastating earthquakes. A lot of dialysis centers could not continue dialysis treatment owing to damage caused by these earthquakes. The survey by Japanese Society for Dialysis Treatment (JSDT) after the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 showed that failure of lifelines such as electric power and water supply was the leading cause of the malfunction of dialysis treatment. Our hospital is located in Shizuoka Prefecture, where one of the biggest earthquakes is predicted to occur in the near future. In addition to reconstructing earthquake-resistant buildings and facilities, we therefore have adopted double electric and water lifelines by introducing emergency generators and well water supply systems. It is very important to inform politicians, bureaucrats, and local water departments that dialysis treatment, a life sustaining therapy for patients with end stage renal diseases, requires a large amount of water. We cannot prevent an earthquake but can curb the extent of a disaster by preparing for earthquakes.