Bibliografie tematiche / Drinking and traffic accidents

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Kanišauskas, Vaidotas, e Adomas Raudonis. "Alkoholio vartojimo ribojimų įtaka negatyviems eismo įvykiams Lietuvos magistraliniuose keliuose". Jaunųjų mokslininkų darbai 52, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2022): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/jmd.2022.2.1.

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The article uses statistical data from the Lithuanian Road Police Service on traffic accidents, speeding, drinking and driving (DUI), and people injured in traffic accidents on Lithuanian highways, i.e., negative traffic accidents in the period of 2000–2018. The aim of the work is to analyse the dynamics of traffic collisions and circumstances related to them. To achieve this aim, the negative accident data recorded on Lithuanian highways was converted into a 1-mile (8 km) unified system by grouping roads according to their length: small, average, large, and the largest roads. Time series AR(1) models were found for most of the cases. By employing statistical methods, it was identified that the 2008 law restricting the sale and advertising of alcohol led to the following results: a reduction in traffic accidents and the number of intoxicated drivers on all roads, although at the same time there was an increase in speeding. The number of people injured on small roads has increased.

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Saldanha, Raquel Forgiarini, Flavio Pechansky, Daniela Benzano, Carlos Alberto Sampaio Martins de Barros e Raquel Brandini De Boni. "Differences between attendance in emergency care of male and female victims of traffic accidents in Porto alegre, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil". Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 19, n. 9 (settembre 2014): 3925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014199.12892013.

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Driving under the influence of alcohol/ drugs (DUI) is a well-established risk factor for traffic accidents, and men and women have different consumption patterns. The scope of this paper is to analyze differences in alcohol and drug consumption, as well as on behavior associated with traffic accidents among men and women. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 609 sequential traffic accident victims attended in emergency care from Porto Alegre. Subjects gave a structured interview, were breathalyzed and had a saliva test for alcohol/drug screening. Results showed that women were mainly passengers or pedestrians (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in positive blood alcohol concentration. However, men reported more binge drinking and THC use, while women had more benzodiazepine in their saliva (p<0.05). This is the first Brazilian study to compare alcohol and drug use among men and women who were the victims of traffic accidents. Results point to differences in the pattern of substance abuse, as well on risk behavior. Data may be useful for specific prevention strategies that take gender differences into consideration.

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Caamaño-Isorna, Francisco, Lucía Moure-Rodriguez, Montserrat Corral Varela e Fernando Cadaveira. "Traffic accidents and heavy episodic drinking among university students". Traffic Injury Prevention 18, n. 1 (1 novembre 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1192284.

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Zhao, Xiaohua, Xingjian Zhang e Jian Rong. "Study of the Effects of Alcohol on Drivers and Driving Performance on Straight Road". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/607652.

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Drinking driving is responsible for a high proportion of traffic accidents. To study the effects of alcohol on drivers and driving performance, 25 drivers’ subjective feelings and driving performance data in different blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) levels were collected with simulated driving experiment. The investigation results revealed that alcohol affected drivers in many aspects, including attitude, judgment, vigilance, perception, reaction, and controlling. The analysis of accident rate showed that higher BAC level would lead to higher accident rate. The statistical analysis results of driving performance indicated that average speed, speed standard deviation, and lane position standard deviation were significantly higher under the influence of alcohol. They also had a statistically significant linear trend as the function of BAC level. The discrimination of drinking driving based on driving performance was performed with Fisher discrimination method. The results showed that drinking driving with higher BAC level was easier to discriminate from normal driving. Also, the results indicated that the three significant indicators on straight roadway could be used in the discrimination of drinking driving state. The conclusions can provide references for the study of drinking driving and the identification of driving state and then contribute to traffic safety.

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roglu, Veysel, e Suna Ibrahimoglu. "Evaluation of blood ethyl alcohol levels in the emergency service: The case of Şırnak province". Medicine Science | International Medical Journal 11, n. 4 (2022): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2022.10.220.

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It is known that drinking and driving is an important factor causing traffic accidents and this situation affects every part of the society. The data for which ethyl alcohol was requested from the şırnak state hospital automation system between 01/01/2020 and 01/07/2022 will be analyzed statistically. Demographic characteristics and ethyl alcohol results of patients admitted to the emergency department were obtained from the hospital information management system. 90.8% of the 306 requests are male and 9.2% are female. 50.7% of the requests are from young people between the ages of 18–29 and 5.9% are under the age of 18. When the cases were evaluated according to age, traffic accidents took first place among individuals between the ages of 18-29. In the evaluation of the cases according to gender, traffic accidents were found to be higher in males, and we found it statistically significant (p=0.016). When the cases were evaluated according to their ethyl alcohol levels, it was seen that 284 out of 306 people were below 50 ml/dL. It was determined that 191 people applied as a result of a traffic accident, but they were not alcoholics, and it was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). It is important that the study has the first remarkable findings for the province of Şırnak. We tried to make predictions by looking at the data we obtained from this study. In this study, the majority of which are traffic accident claims, young adults and men are in the majority. However, it is noteworthy that traffic accidents do not occur due to alcohol, but traffic rules are not followed.

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Tang, Xiaoling, Aifeng Zhai, Xiaowen Ding e Qiande Zhu. "Safety Guarantee System of Drinking Water Source in Three Gorges Reservoir Area and Its Application in Huangjuedu Drinking Water Source Area". Sustainability 11, n. 24 (10 dicembre 2019): 7074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247074.

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With China’s rapid economic growth and increasing speed of urbanization, water pollution accidents have become one kind of environmental pollution source in China and bring potential risk to urban drinking water safety. The Huangjuedu Drinking Water Source Area is an important water source in Chongqing City (Southwest China) and a water intake source for the Jiangnan Waterworks of the Chongqing Drinking Water Company. There are still risks of water pollution accidents caused by ship leakage, road traffic accidents, chemical plant leakage, etc. The safety of the drinking water area is related to regional residents’ health and life safety and also has a profound impact on economy development and social stability. To reduce the harmful impacts of water pollution, it is of great scientific value and practical significance to analyze the pollutant diffusion of water pollution accidents with the Three Gorges Reservoir Area drinking water source security platform. In this paper, a two-dimensional water quality monitoring model was applied, and the digital elevation model was incorporated into the geographic information system, which generated a computational grid. Then, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area drinking water source security platform was developed. The platform can predict the water flow velocity, pollutant concentration at the drinking water inlet, and the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants in the whole water source area. Furthermore, a hypothetical ammonia nitrogen leak accident was analyzed using this safety platform. The ammonia nitrogen concentration at the intake of the drinking water source area was detected and analyzed by the security platform from the time of the accident until the concentration dropped to the background during four water periods under different wind direction conditions. The pollutants took 19, 22, 25, and 40 min to reach the water quality standard during the four water periods. Moreover, the diffusion of ammonia nitrogen in the southeast wind was faster than that in the southwest wind. The results showed that the platform is scientific and practical, and the prediction results are helpful for the Emergency Management Department to quickly and accurately predict the migration of ammonia nitrogen pollution and make corresponding plans under accident conditions.

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Vu, Hai Minh, Tung Thanh Tran, Giang Thu Vu, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Chau Minh Nguyen, Linh Gia Vu, Tung Hoang Tran et al. "Alcohol Use Disorder among Patients Suffered from Road Collisions in a Vietnamese Delta Province". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n. 13 (8 luglio 2019): 2423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132423.

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Traffic collisions have continuously been ranked amongst the top causes of deaths in Vietnam. In particular, drinking has been recognized as a major factor amplifying the likelihood of traffic collisions in various settings. This study aims to examine the relationship between alcohol use and traffic collisions in the current context of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 traffic collisions patients in six health facilities in the Thai Binh Province to investigate the level of alcohol consumption and identify factors influencing alcohol use among these patients. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scale was used to determine the problematic drinking behavior of the participants. The percentage of patients having problematic drinking was more than 30%. Being male, having a high household income, and working as farmer/worker were risk factors for alcohol abuse. People causing accidents and patients with a traumatic brain injury had a higher likelihood of drinking alcohol before the accidents. This study highlights the necessity of more stringent laws on reducing drink-driving in Vietnam. In addition, more interventions, especially those utilizing mass media like educational campaign of good behavior on social networks, are necessary to reduce alcohol consumption in targeted populations in order to decrease the prevalence and burden of road injuries.

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Levine, Barry, e John E. Smialek. "Status of Alcohol Absorption in Drinking Drivers Killed in Traffic Accidents". Journal of Forensic Sciences 45, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2000): 14632J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs14632j.

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Santos, Celio Natal dos, Nicoli Aparecida Lourenço e Maria Cecilia Da Lozzo Garbelini. "CONSUMO DE BEBIDA ALCOÓLICA POR ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA: UM PANORAMA GLOBAL". Espaço para a Saúde - Revista de Saúde Pública do Paraná 25 (2 aprile 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e983.

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The consumption of alcoholic drinks represents one of the main risk factors for the involvement in traffic accidents. The objective of this study was to analyze the general panorama of alcohol consumption by medical students and the implications for traffic accidents. SciELO, PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases were consulted, and ten full articles available between 2010 and 2022, in Portuguese and English, were included. The results obtained were that the consumption of alcoholic drinks by students ranged from 76.6% to 81.2%, and that alcohol drinking exposes drivers to involvement in 68% more traffic accidents than those who are not exposed to such factor. It was concluded that medical students, a young population, have a high rate of consumption of alcoholic beverages, and the reasons involved point to the level of pressure of the medical school, high workload, seniority in the program, academic parties, and living without the parents.

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Marinho, Rui Tato. "‘The Last Coachman’, the Trio of Risk Factors: Alcohol, Tobacco and Traffic Accidents". Acta Médica Portuguesa 27, n. 3 (30 giugno 2014): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.5591.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Li, Yuen-chong, e 李婉莊. "A three-pronged approach to drink-driving study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206350.

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Driving under the influence of alcohol (DUIA) is well recognized as one of the key human factors that increase the risks of traffic accidents and associated injuries and fatalities. These risks increase rapidly with the alcohol concentration in human body. Unfortunately, drink-driving not only increases the accident and injury risks of drivers, but also increases the risks to innocent road users. Despite the decrease in the number of alcohol-related accidents over the past decade, few comprehensive studies have investigated the relationship between the drivers’ alcohol consumption, the actual impairment in driving performance due to alcohol, and the resulting accident and injury risks. Therefore, the development of an appropriate road safety policy framework would help to formulate appropriate measures and penalties for combating drink-driving, thus reducing the associated injuries and fatalities in the long term. To better understand the relationship between drink-driving and traffic safety, this study attempts to evaluate the alcohol-impaired effect on traffic safety in a three-pronged approach: risk analysis, physiological performance, and attitudinal evaluation. For the crash risk analysis, impairment effects of alcohol on the severity of injuries and road crashes in Hong Kong were determined using the comprehensive random breath test (RBT) data. For the physiological performance, simulation study was conducted to develop a temporal profile of driver alcohol concentration and to determine the relationship between driver alcohol concentration and the actual alcohol-impaired driving performance for Chinese populations. Finally, for the attitudinal evaluation, a perception survey was used to evaluate the effectiveness of legislation on drivers’ intention to reduce drink-driving. Findings of the three-pronged analysis were then integrated to provide a useful tool for formulating effective legislation and enforcement measures to combat drink-driving, with respect to the driver’s perceptions, observed driving performance, and actual road safety levels in the long term.
published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Villaveces, Andrés. "Effect of alcohol-related laws on deaths due to motor vehicle and motorcycle crashes in the United States, 1980-1997 /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10918.

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Russ, Nason Wayne. "Evaluation of a server intervention program for preventing drunk driving". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76494.

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As part of the national effort to reduce drunk driving, servers of alcohol are being held liable for their alcohol-serving behavior with increasing frequency. In response to these drunk driving prevention efforts, the Training for Intervention' Procedures by Servers of Alcohol (TIPS) program was developed to teach servers skills thought necessary for acceptable standards of practice for serving alcoholic beverages. The current study evaluated the potential of this program to aid in decreasing alcoholimpaired driving. Subjects were 17 waiters, waitresses, and bartenders who were employed at two bars. After the baseline period, the servers completed successfully the 6-hour TIPS training course. Research assistants posing as regular patrons (i.e., 'pseudopatrons') visited two target bars throughout the course of the study. These pseudopatrons set the occasion for server intervention to occur by attempting to drink six alcoholic beverages in two hours. Naturalistic data were collected by having a partner with a hidden microphone record all interactions between the server and pseudopatron. The partner also noted any signs of intoxication exhibited by the pseudopatron. The results revealed that servers who had received TIPS training initiated more interventions than untrained personnel. Moreover, pseudopatrons served by TIPS trained personnel had significantly lower blood-alcohol levels and exhibited fewer signs of intoxication than those served by untrained servers. These results suggest that, if implemented on a large scale, the TIPS program has the potential to reduce drunk driving by helping to decrease the exit blood-alcohol levels of bar patrons. The need to investigate the maintenance of server intervention behavior is discussed and other suggestions for future research are presented.
Ph. D.

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Kalsher, Michael J. "A behavior analysis of alcohol consumption and impairment at university parties". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54334.

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Four field experiments were conducted to examine situational determinants of alcohol consumption at university fraternity parties. Certain manipulated variables were relevant to the development of environmental strategies for predicting and decreasing excessive alcohol consumption and deterring alcohol impaired driving. When entering university-sanctioned parties, students were asked a few questions and then they received a drink container and a stick-on badge, each with an ID number. During these parties, individual drinking rates of beer and mixed drinks or beer only were monitored under varying environmental conditions. When exiting the party, students' blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) were obtained with a breathalizer. In Experiment 1, three types of beer (Budweiser, Bud Light, and LA) were available in kegs labeled "A", "B", and "C". At a second party the kegs were labeled according to beer content (i.e., Budweiser, Bud Light, and LA). Results showed significant differences in drink choice across parties, with Budweiser most preferred by males and females when kegs did not indicate beer content and Bud Light most preferred by males and females when the kegs were labeled according to brand. The low alcohol (LA) choice was only selected substantially when the kegs did not reflect beer content. In Experiment 2, students of legal—drinking age at each of two weekend fraternity parties chose one of two types of alcoholic beverages (beer or mixed drinks) to consume throughout the night. Unbeknownst to the partiers, at the first of these two parties the beer drinkers were served regular beer, whereas at the second party low alcohol beer was served. Drinking rates were similar for beer and mixed-drink consumption at both parties; at the party with LA beer, students‘ mean BAC when leaving the party was significantly lower for the beer drinkers (i.e., .026 for LA consumers vs. .063 for mixed-drink consumers) For Experiment 3, students of legal drinking age at a weekend fraternity party chose one of two types of alcoholic beverages (beer or mixed drinks) to drink throughout the night. Unbeknownst to the partiers, drinkers were randomly assigned to either a regular alcohol content or low alcohol content version of their preferred beverage type. The drinking rates were greater for beer drinkers than for partiers consuming mixed drinks. Drinking rates were similar for both the low and regular alcohol alternatives. However, exit BAC was significantly greater for those in the regular-alcohol conditions. In Experiment 4, the alcoholic beverages available to students of legal—drinking age at one party (i.e., mixed drinks and beer) were served either by bartenders or served by themselves. A test of the theory of reasoned action was conducted by attempting to predict the number of drinks consumed and exit BAC from measures of general and specific intentions obtained two weeks before the party and at the start of the party. Specific drinking intentions obtained at the start of the party predicted a significant amount of variance in exit BAC (R = .59). The manipulation of situational variables also accounted for a portion of the variance in the number of drinks consumed and exit BAC. One environmental determinant at this party was the nature of drink delivery (i.e., self-serve vs. bartender). Male and female beer drinkers assigned to the Self-Serve condition drank at a higher rate and consumed more of their preferred beverage type than did those drinkers served by a bartender, or by those consuming mixed drinks in the self-serve condition. This increase was highest for male partiers. Male and female mixed drink consumers assigned to the Self·Serve condition drank at the lowest rate and consumed the least amount of their preferred beverage type.
Ph. D.

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Briscoe, Suzanne Marie Social Science &amp Policy UNSW. "Deterrence, punishment severity and drink-driving". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Social Science and Policy, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23442.

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This thesis tests one of the major propositions of deterrence theory: that increases in the severity of punishment can reduce the likelihood of offending. To this end, a case study in which the statutory penalties were doubled for almost all drink-driving offences in New South Wales, Australia, is examined. Two quasi-experimental studies were undertaken to assess the impact of these legislative changes: an interrupted time-series analysis of road crash rates (Study 1) and an analysis of drink-driving reoffending rates before and after the penalty changes were implemented (Study 2). Study 1 showed a significant increase in a surrogate measure of alcohol-related road crashes after the tougher drink-driving penalties were introduced. Further analyses suggested that this increase was driven primarily by a secular rise in non alcohol-related crashes that coincided with the policy???s implementation. Two possible conclusions about the deterrent effect of the policy are drawn from these findings: (1) that there was a reduction in alcohol-related road crashes which was overwhelmed by the rise in non alcohol-related crashes occurring around the same time or (2) that there was no change in crash rates. Study 2 found that drink-drivers who were convicted under the new penalty regime were less likely, and took longer, to reoffend than drink-drivers convicted before the introduction of the new penalties. This reduction in reoffending was only apparent for drink-drivers residing in country and regional areas and was small in magnitude.These latter findings are consistent with the possibility that the penalty changes coincided with a reduction in alcohol-related crashes but suggest that any decrease is likely to have been relatively small. A third study using a scenario-based survey methodology was also undertaken to examine the relationship between legal sanctions and willingness to drink-drive, controlling for other factors. The results of this study showed that participants who were more knowledgeable about drink-driving penalties were less likely to state that they would offend in the drink-driving scenario than participants who were less knowledgeable about the law. The implications of these findings for deterrence theory and criminal justice policy are discussed.

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Caylor, Marcus Lamar. "An econometric evaluation of the efficacy of 008 BAC legislation". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32976.

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Dingus, Thomas A. "Development of models for detection of automobile driver impairment". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45721.

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Two of the leading causes of automobile accidents are driver impairment due to alcohol and drowsiness. Apparently, a relatively large percentage of these accidents occur because drivers are unaware of the degree to which they are impaired due to these sources. The purpose of this research was to develop models which could detect driver impairment due to alcohol, drowsiness, or the combination of alcohol and drowsiness, and which could be practically implemented in an automobile. Such detection models, if successfully implemented in conjunction with a system to warn an impaired driver of his or her condition, could potentially save hundreds of lives each year. Six driver-subjects operated a computer controlled driving simulator during each of four conditions. The four conditions consisted of a control condition, an alcohol condition, a sleep-deprived condition, and a combination alcohol and sleep-deprived condition. Moderate levels of alcohol and sleep deprivation were used for this study. Nineteen performance and behavioral measures were collected during this study. Each measure was evaluated singly and in combination with other measures to determine potential value for detection of driver impairment. Detection models were then formulated using the most promising detection measures. The results indicated that a useful on-board drowsiness impairment detection device is possible and practical for highway driving. This device would also, in all likelihood, provide useful detection information regardless of whether low to moderate amounts of alcohol were present in a drowsy driver. The results also showed that on-board alcohol impairment detection may be possible at moderate to high BAC.
Master of Science

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Troncoso, Vergara Carolina. "Drugs and driving in New Zealand : an approach to THC culpability /". The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2477.

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For years statistical analysis has been applied to different areas of the natural and applied sciences to determine the degree of confidence that can be placed in research results. This work is a good example of how statistics can be applied to toxicology to enable conclusions and inferences to be made about important areas of interest such as the drugs and driving situation in New Zealand. Two thousand uninjured drivers (Study 1) who had provided an evidential blood alcohol sample, were also tested for cannabis, methamphetamine, benzodiazepines and morphine to determine the incidence of drug use by drinking drivers. To determine the proportion of drivers killed in car crashes who had used drugs and/or alcohol, two hundred and twenty nine fatally injured drivers (Study 2) were tested for alcohol, cannabis, methamphetamine, morphine, benzodiazepines and neutral and basic medicinal drugs that might have an effect on driving performance. Alcohol, cannabis and their combination were found to be the most prevalent drugs used by drivers. The analytical methodologies used were developed and validated by the Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., where this work was carried out. These techniques involved liquid-liquid and liquid-solid extractions, immunoassays and chromatographic techniques for screening and confirmation assays. The statistical analysis of the results was done under the supervision of the Institute's biostatistician. An approach to cannabis culpability, intended to elucidate the role of this drug in car crashes, was applied to the Study 2 results. The number of samples collected during one year of research was not sufficient to enable statistically robust conclusions to be drawn. Cannabis use is illegal in New Zealand but drugs (different to alcohol) are not regularly tested at the roadside. This work as part of a cross-departmental project titled Drinking and drugged driver control: delineating the problem is expected to support the establishment of strategies designed to reduce the road toll and possibly include the screening of non-alcohol drugs in serious and fatally injured drivers.

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Atalar, Deniz. "Functional failure sequences in traffic accidents". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32727.

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This thesis examines the interactions between road users and the factors that contribute to the occurrence of traffic accidents, and discusses the implications of these interactions with regards to driver behaviour and accident prevention measures. Traffic accident data is collected on a macroscopic level by local police authorities throughout the UK. This data provides a description of accident related factors on a macroscopic level which does not allow for a complete understanding of the interaction between the various road users or the influence of errors made by active road users. Traffic accident data collected on a microscopic level analysis of real world accident data, explaining why and how an accident occurred, can further contribute to a data driven approach to provide safety measures. This data allows for a better understanding of the interaction of factors for all road users within an accident that is not possible with other data collection methods. In the first part of the thesis, a literature review presents relevant research in traffic accident analysis and accident causation research, afterwards three accident causation models used to understand behaviour and factors leading to traffic accidents are introduced. A comparison study of these accident causation coding models that classify road user error was carried out to determine a model that would be best suited to code the accident data according to the thesis aims. Latent class cluster analyses were made of two separate datasets, the UK On the Spot (OTS) in-depth accident investigation study and the STATS19 national accident database. A comparison between microscopic (in-depth) accident data and macroscopic (national) accident data was carried out. This analysis allowed for the interactions between all relevant factors for the road users involved in the accident to be grouped into specific accident segmentations based on the cluster analysis results. First, all of the cases that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2003 were analysed. Results suggested that for single vehicle accidents males and females typically made failures related to detection and execution issues, whereas male road users made diagnosis failures with speed as a particularly important factor. In terms of the multiple vehicle accidents the interactions between the first two road users and the subsequent accident sequence were demonstrated. A cluster analysis of all two vehicle accidents in Great Britain in the year 2005 and recorded within the STATS19 accident database was carried out as a comparison to the multiple vehicle accident OTS data. This analysis demonstrated the necessity of in-depth accident causation data in interpreting accident scenarios, as the resulting accident clusters did not provide significant differences between the groups to usefully segment the crash population. Relevant human factors were not coded for these cases and the level of detail in the accident cases did not allow for a discussion of countermeasure implications. An analysis of 428 Powered Two Wheeler accidents that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2010 was carried out. Results identified 7 specific scenarios, the main types of which identified two particular looked but did not see accidents and two types of single vehicle PTW accidents. In cases where the PTW lost control, diagnosis failures were more common, for road users other than the PTW rider, detection issues were of particular relevance. In these cases the interaction between all relevant road users was interpreted in relation to one another. The subsequent study analysed 248 Pedestrian accidents that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2010. Results identified scenarios related to pedestrians as being in a hurry and making detection errors, impairment due to alcohol, and young children playing in the roadside. For accidents that were initiated by the other road user s behaviour pedestrians were either struck after an accident had already occurred or due to the manoeuvre that a road user was making, older pedestrians were over-represented in this accident type. This thesis concludes by discussing how (1) microscopic in-depth accident data is needed to understand accident mechanisms, (2) a data mining approach using latent class clustering can benefit the understanding of failure mechanisms, (3) accident causation analysis is necessary to understand the types of failures that road users make and (4) accident scenario development helps quantify accidents and allows for accident countermeasure implication discussion. The original contribution to knowledge is the demonstration that when relevant data is available there is a possibility to understand the interactions that are occurring between road users before the crash, that is not possible otherwise. This contribution has been demonstrated by highlighting how latent class cluster analysis combined with accident causation data allows for relevant interactions between road users to be observed. Finally implications for this work and future considerations are outlined.

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Yau, C. P. Eric. "Using GIS and statistical models for traffic accidents analysis : a case study of the Tuen Mun town centre". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37639110.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Kansas. Dept. of Transportation., a cura di. Age, alcohol, and traffic accidents. [Topeka]: Kansas Dept. of Transportation, 1988.

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Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents., a cura di. Drinking & driving. Birmingham: RoSPA, 1985.

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Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents., a cura di. Drinking & driving. Birmingham: RoSPA, 1985.

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Denney, Ronald C. Alcohol and accidents. Warley: Tetradon, 1985.

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Kansas. Dept. of Transportation., a cura di. Age, alcohol, and traffic accidents: Alcohol related fatal traffic accidents, 1979 to 1986. [Topeka]: Kansas Dept. of Transportation, 1987.

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SAE International Congress & Exposition (1986 Detroit, Mich.). Alcohol, accidents, and injuries. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1986.

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Hjelmeland, Andy. Drinking & driving. New York: Crestwood House, 1990.

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Government, Scotland Scottish, a cura di. Road accidents Scotland 2006. [Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2007.

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Mercer, G. William. CounterAttack traffic research papers, 1986. [Vancouver]: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Attorney General, 1985.

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Nichols, Donald H. The drinking driver in Minnesota. 2^a ed. St. Paul, Minn: Butterworth Legal Publishers, 1989.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Wehner, Heinz-Dieter, e Gerhard Kernbach-Wighton. "Traffic Accidents". In Handbook of Forensic Medicine, 1108–39. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118570654.ch62.

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Kakizaki, Ichiro. "Traffic Accidents". In The Japanese Soldiers in Second World War Thailand, 61–96. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032705583-3.

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Ahne, Sieglinde, Thomas Ahne e Michael Bohnert. "Traffic Accidents". In Forensic aspects in emergency medicine, 89–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65949-6_6.

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Genet, Pia, Lorenzo Campana e Coraline Egger. "Traffic Accidents". In Forensic Imaging of Trauma, 113–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48381-3_6.

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Goodwin, Brian D., Sajal Chirvi e Frank A. Pintar. "Injury Mechanisms in Traffic Accidents". In Handbook of Human Motion, 2363–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_93.

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Mattos, Garrett A. "Vehicle Occupants in Traffic Accidents". In Handbook of Human Motion, 2399–416. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_94.

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Aruga, Tohru, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Katsuhiko Sugimoto e Yasufumi Miyake. "Brain Injury After Traffic Accidents". In Transportation, Traffic Safety and Health — Human Behavior, 203–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57266-1_12.

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Goodwin, Brian D., Sajal Chirvi e Frank A. Pintar. "Injury Mechanisms in Traffic Accidents". In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_93-1.

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Mattos, Garrett A. "Vehicle Occupants in Traffic Accidents". In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_94-1.

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Serrano, David, e Arnaud Bourdé. "Traffic Accidents Involving Many Victims". In Disaster Medicine Pocket Guide: 50 Essential Questions, 117–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00654-8_26.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Kvet, Michal, Marek Kvet, Lucia Konstiakova, Branislav Dupak e Jan Dunaj. "Police Force - Traffic Accidents". In 2022 31st Conference of Open Innovations Association (FRUCT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/fruct54823.2022.9770910.

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Salerno, Giovanni, Joel N. Bleicher, Alan Fruin, Paolo Celli e Charles Taylon. "Head Injury in Traffic Accidents". In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860504.

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Božović, Milan. "Fake Victims of Traffic Accidents". In The Position of Victims in the Republic of Serbia. Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47152/palic2024.22.

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Efforts by UN member states aimed at reducing the number of deaths in traffic accidents have yielded results, but the outcomes are far from desired, necessitating further efforts to reduce deaths. Traffic safety management is based on principles of general prevention and the findings of statistical reports on traffic accidents highlighting influential factors, collected and processed according to the CaDaS (Common Accident Data Set) protocol. Expert examination of traffic accidents identifies specific problems to be addressed with preventive measures, as well as fake victims of traffic accidents, which should be disregarded in traffic safety management processes to achieve the desired effect. Fake victims of traffic accidents impede traffic safety management, burden judicial and prosecutorial processes, insurance companies, and often obstruct investigations, prevent the defense of the accused, hinder the pursuit of justice and fairness, and jeopardize the rights of other participants in the proceedings.

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Ismail, Ismail, Haryono Haryono e Permana Tedjo. "MODEL OF PREVENTION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS". In Call for Paper ICOGISS 2019 - International Conference on Governance Innovation and Social Sciences. Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/pi.v0i0.2547.

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Abdullah, Eyad, e Ahmed Emam. "Traffic Accidents Analyzer Using Big Data". In 2015 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csci.2015.187.

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Chaudhari, Mayank, Santonu Sarkar e Divyasheel Sharma. "Analyzing Risky Behavior in Traffic Accidents". In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc42975.2020.9283330.

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Zhou, Qian, Hua-pu Lu e Wei Xu. "Law of Traffic Accidents in China". In First International Conference on Transportation Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40932(246)492.

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Kovbasa, A., A. Pidgurskiy e V. Shayda. "Automated System of Traffic Accidents Prevention". In 2006 16th International Crimean Microwave and Telecommunication Technology. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/crmico.2006.256247.

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Cho, Injoon, Praveen Kumar Rajendran, Taeyoung Kim e Dongsoo Har. "Reinforcement Learning for Predicting Traffic Accidents". In 2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication (ICAIIC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaiic57133.2023.10067034.

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Vujanić, Milan, Aleksandra Kovač e Vesna Jovičić. "PREVENTION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS INVOLVING WILDLIFE". In Conference Road Safety in Local Community. Road Safety in Local Community, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/rsaflc24.273v.

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In traffic, there are many dangerous traffic accidents at night, on the road outside the settlements and in conditions when there are not many vehicles on the road, because then drivers drive with less attention, because they do not expect obstacles. It is precisely in such conditions that traffic accidents occur with the participation of wild animals, which appear in night conditions trying to cross the road from one side to the other, and then traffic accidents occur. In order to prevent this type of accident, we suggest the use of light barriers for wildlife to enter the road. Very economical, safe, easy to install and maintain, the light barriers prevent wild game from entering the road when vehicles come on the road, thus preventing traffic accidents with wild game on roads outside the settlement.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Drinking and traffic accidents"

Motomiya, Yoshihiro, Koj Inoue e Kunio Fukuyama. Using a Computer Simulation to Reconstruct Tire Blowout Traffic Accidents. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, maggio 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0063.

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Liu, Hongrui, e Rahul Ramachandra Shetty. Analytical Models for Traffic Congestion and Accident Analysis. Mineta Transportation Institute, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2102.

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In the US, over 38,000 people die in road crashes each year, and 2.35 million are injured or disabled, according to the statistics report from the Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT) in 2020. In addition, traffic congestion keeping Americans stuck on the road wastes millions of hours and billions of dollars each year. Using statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms, this research developed accurate predictive models for traffic congestion and road accidents to increase understanding of the complex causes of these challenging issues. The research used US Accidents data consisting of 49 variables describing 4.2 million accident records from February 2016 to December 2020, as well as logistic regression, tree-based techniques such as Decision Tree Classifier and Random Forest Classifier (RF), and Extreme Gradient boosting (XG-boost) to process and train the models. These models will assist people in making smart real-time transportation decisions to improve mobility and reduce accidents.

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Dave, Dhaval, Yang Liang, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Joseph Sabia e Matthew Braaksma. Can Anti-Vaping Policies Curb Drinking Externalities? Evidence from E-Cigarette Taxation and Traffic Fatalities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30670.

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Hamada, Makoto. Analysis of Numerical Transition of Traffic Accidents in Japan and Prediction in the Future. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, maggio 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0060.

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Bhalla, Kavi, e Esteban Diez-Roux. Cost of Traffic Injuries in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006934.

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This presentation was given by Esteban Diez-Roux and Kavi Bahlla at the Ibero-American Road Safety Conference (CISEV) which took place in Bogota, Colombia in June, 2012. This presentation describes how the high rate of traffic accidents in Latin America places a burden on economies in the region. The authors present the methods and results of a study which assigns a monetary cost to these deaths and injuries as a percent of GDP. The presentation ends with conclusions and implications.

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Fletcher, John. Rapid desk-based study: The economic impact of road traffic accidents and injuries in developing countries. Evidence on Demand, agosto 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd.june2014.fletcher.

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Millares, Enrique, Claudia Bustamante, Yolanda Vaccaro, Lourdes Díaz, Alejandro Pablo Taddia, Jacob Veverka e Elena De la Peña. Road Safety Analysis 2013: Suriname. Inter-American Development Bank, agosto 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006013.

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The IDB is publishing a collection of Road Safety Analyses for the countries in the region. The IDB aims to lead a process of change that will promote road safety actions in Latin America and the Caribbean with a goal of permanently reducing the region's high rate of traffic accidents.

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Sarofim, Samer, e Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, luglio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.

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Pinchuk, O. P., O. M. Sokolyuk, O. Yu Burov, Evgeniy Lavrov, Svitlana Shevchenko e Valeriia Aksakovska. ICT for training and evaluation of the solar impact on aviation safety. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/lib.naes.722580.

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The paper discusses information and communication technology use for studying reasons of aviation accidents because of the aviation operator errors as result of internal and external influence. The model and technique are proposed and include integrated ICT united previously developed (initial professional selection and day-to-day pre-shift check), open access cloud-based (NASA and ICAO) and real-time operative (air traffic controllers and pilots control) ICTs, which data are stored in one database. Proposed ICT has been checked to study effect of the solar wind parameters (speed and density) on appearance of aviation incidents and accidents during one year observation. Results of that study were compared with corresponding results of another period of solar activity, as well as with data obtained in laboratory conditions to study cognitive tests performance under effect of the solar wind.

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