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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 7 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Niu, Shiba, Weibo Shi, Yingmin Li, Shanyong Yi, Yang Li, Xia Liu, Bin Cong e Guanglong He. "Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Is Associated with the Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neuron Injury in Stressed Rats". Analytical Cellular Pathology 2021 (8 settembre 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7852710.

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An increasing number of people are in a state of stress due to social and psychological pressures, which may result in mental disorders. Previous studies indicated that mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons are associated with not only reward-related behaviors but also with stress-induced mental disorders. To explore the effect of stress on dopaminergic neuron and potential mechanism, we established stressed rat models of different time durations and observed pathological changes in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) through HE and thionine staining. Immunohistochemistry coupled with microscopy-based multicolor tissue cytometry (MMTC) was employed to investigate the number changes of dopaminergic neurons. Double immunofluorescence labelling was used to investigate expression changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) protein GRP78 and CHOP in dopaminergic neurons. Our results showed that prolonged stress led to pathological alteration in dopaminergic neurons of VTA, such as missing of Nissl bodies and pyknosis in dopaminergic neurons. Immunohistochemistry with MMTC indicated that chronic stress exposure resulted in a significant decrease in dopaminergic neurons. Double immunofluorescence labelling showed that the endoplasmic reticulum stress protein took part in the injury of dopaminergic neurons. Taken together, these results indicated the involvement of ERS in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron injury induced by stress exposure.

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Jovanovic, Predrag, Yidan Wang, Jean-Philippe Vit, Edward Novinbakht, Nancy Morones, Elliot Hogg, Michele Tagliati e Celine E. Riera. "Sustained chemogenetic activation of locus coeruleus norepinephrine neurons promotes dopaminergic neuron survival in synucleinopathy". PLOS ONE 17, n. 3 (22 marzo 2022): e0263074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263074.

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Dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the midbrain plays a pivotal role in motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease. However, non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and post-mortem histopathology confirm dysfunction in other brain areas, including the locus coeruleus and its associated neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Here, we investigate the role of central norepinephrine-producing neurons in Parkinson’s disease by chronically stimulating catecholaminergic neurons in the locus coeruleus using chemogenetic manipulation. We show that norepinephrine neurons send complex axonal projections to the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, confirming physical communication between these regions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that increased activity of norepinephrine neurons is protective against dopaminergic neuronal depletion in human α-syn A53T missense mutation over-expressing mice and prevents motor dysfunction in these mice. Remarkably, elevated norepinephrine neurons action fails to alleviate α-synuclein aggregation and microgliosis in the substantia nigra suggesting the presence of an alternate neuroprotective mechanism. The beneficial effects of high norepinephrine neuron activity might be attributed to the action of norepinephrine on dopaminergic neurons, as recombinant norepinephrine treatment increased primary dopaminergic neuron cultures survival and neurite sprouting. Collectively, our results suggest a neuroprotective mechanism where noradrenergic neurons activity preserves the integrity of dopaminergic neurons, which prevents synucleinopathy-dependent loss of these cells.

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Dodson, Paul D., Jakob K. Dreyer, Katie A. Jennings, Emilie C. J. Syed, Richard Wade-Martins, Stephanie J. Cragg, J. Paul Bolam e Peter J. Magill. "Representation of spontaneous movement by dopaminergic neurons is cell-type selective and disrupted in parkinsonism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, n. 15 (21 marzo 2016): E2180—E2188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1515941113.

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Midbrain dopaminergic neurons are essential for appropriate voluntary movement, as epitomized by the cardinal motor impairments arising in Parkinson’s disease. Understanding the basis of such motor control requires understanding how the firing of different types of dopaminergic neuron relates to movement and how this activity is deciphered in target structures such as the striatum. By recording and labeling individual neurons in behaving mice, we show that the representation of brief spontaneous movements in the firing of identified midbrain dopaminergic neurons is cell-type selective. Most dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), but not in ventral tegmental area or substantia nigra pars lateralis, consistently represented the onset of spontaneous movements with a pause in their firing. Computational modeling revealed that the movement-related firing of these dopaminergic neurons can manifest as rapid and robust fluctuations in striatal dopamine concentration and receptor activity. The exact nature of the movement-related signaling in the striatum depended on the type of dopaminergic neuron providing inputs, the striatal region innervated, and the type of dopamine receptor expressed by striatal neurons. Importantly, in aged mice harboring a genetic burden relevant for human Parkinson’s disease, the precise movement-related firing of SNc dopaminergic neurons and the resultant striatal dopamine signaling were lost. These data show that distinct dopaminergic cell types differentially encode spontaneous movement and elucidate how dysregulation of their firing in early Parkinsonism can impair their effector circuits.

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Chinta, Shankar J., e Julie K. Andersen. "Dopaminergic neurons". International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 37, n. 5 (maggio 2005): 942–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2004.09.009.

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Na, Junewoo, Byong Seo Park, Doohyeong Jang, Donggue Kim, Thai Hien Tu, Youngjae Ryu, Chang Man Ha et al. "Distinct Firing Activities of the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus Neurons to Appetite Hormones". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n. 5 (26 febbraio 2022): 2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052609.

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The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) is a central unit that controls the appetite through the integration of metabolic, hormonal, and neuronal afferent inputs. Agouti-related protein (AgRP), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and dopaminergic neurons in the Arc differentially regulate feeding behaviors in response to hunger, satiety, and appetite, respectively. At the time of writing, the anatomical and electrophysiological characterization of these three neurons has not yet been intensively explored. Here, we interrogated the overall characterization of AgRP, POMC, and dopaminergic neurons using genetic mouse models, immunohistochemistry, and whole-cell patch recordings. We identified the distinct geographical location and intrinsic properties of each neuron in the Arc with the transgenic lines labelled with cell-specific reporter proteins. Moreover, AgRP, POMC, and dopaminergic neurons had different firing activities to ghrelin and leptin treatments. Ghrelin led to the increased firing rate of dopaminergic and AgRP neurons, and the decreased firing rate of POMC. In sharp contrast, leptin resulted in the decreased firing rate of AgRP neurons and the increased firing rate of POMC neurons, while it did not change the firing rate of dopaminergic neurons in Arc. These findings demonstrate the anatomical and physiological uniqueness of three hypothalamic Arc neurons to appetite control.

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Orb, Sabine, Johannes Wieacker, Cesar Labarca, Carlos Fonck, Henry A. Lester e Johannes Schwarz. "Knockin mice with Leu9′Ser α4-nicotinic receptors: substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons are hypersensitive to agonist and lost postnatally". Physiological Genomics 18, n. 3 (11 agosto 2004): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00012.2004.

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This study analyzes the electrophysiological cause and behavioral consequence of dopaminergic cell loss in a knockin mouse strain bearing hypersensitive nicotinic α4-receptor subunits (“L9′S mice”). Adult brains of L9′S mice show moderate loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons and of striatal dopaminergic innervation. Amphetamine-stimulated locomotion is impaired, reflecting a reduction of dopamine stored in presynaptic vesicles. Recordings from dopaminergic neurons in L9′S mice show that 10 μM nicotine depolarizes cells and increases spiking rates in L9′S cells but hyperpolarizes and decreases spiking rates in wild-type (WT) cells. Thus dopaminergic neurons of L9′S mice have an excitatory response to nicotine which is qualitatively different from that of WT neurons. The cause of dopaminergic cell death is therefore probably an increased sensitivity to acetylcholine or choline of α4-containing nicotinic receptors. Hypersensitive excitatory stimulation during activation of α4-containing receptors provides the first evidence for cholinergic excitotoxicity as a cause of dopaminergic neuron death. This novel concept may be relevant to the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease.

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Zhang, Nianping, Xudong Zhang, Zhaoli Yan, Ronghui Li, Song Xue e Dahong Long. "A Modified Differentiation Protocol In Vitro to Generate Dopaminergic Neurons from Pluripotent Stem Cells". Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 13, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2023): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2023.3341.

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Cell transplantation is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Because of their strong differentiation potential, pluripotent stem cells may become a source of dopaminergic neurons for cell transplantation. Although published protocols have revealed that pluripotent stem cells can be successfully induced into dopaminergic neurons, unwanted cell types still exist in PSC-derived cultures. Therefore, signaling parameters for dopaminergic neuron patterning in differentiation protocols need to be further identified and optimized. In this study, we explored an In Vitro modified differentiation protocol for efficiently inducing dopaminergic neurons from pluripotent stem cells. Briefly, pluripotent stem cells were incubated in N2B27 medium for a 4-day culture, and then bFGF, SHH-C24II, purmorphamine, FGF8a and laminin were added to the medium. After a 6-day culture, the medium was replaced with N2B27 medium containing L-ascorbic acid, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, laminin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor for an additional 10 days. We confirmed that combined treatment with bFGF, SHH-C24II, purmorphamine, FGF8a and laminin significantly promoted the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. Additionally, we determined a reasonable time window for the use of these factors. Our study provides new insights into the role of cell factors in dopaminergic neuron differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.

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Mendes-Oliveira, Julieta, Filipa L. Campos, Susana A. Ferreira, Diogo Tomé, Carla P. Fonseca e Graça Baltazar. "Endogenous GDNF Is Unable to Halt Dopaminergic Injury Triggered by Microglial Activation". Cells 13, n. 1 (29 dicembre 2023): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13010074.

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Overactivation of microglial cells seems to play a crucial role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons occurring in Parkinson’s disease. We have previously demonstrated that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) present in astrocytes secretome modulates microglial responses induced by an inflammatory insult. Therefore, astrocyte-derived soluble factors may include relevant molecular players of therapeutic interest in the control of excessive neuroinflammatory responses. However, in vivo, the control of neuroinflammation is more complex as it depends on the interaction between different types of cells other than microglia and astrocytes. Whether neurons may interfere in the astrocyte-microglia crosstalk, affecting the control of microglial reactivity exerted by astrocytes, is unclear. Therefore, the present work aimed to disclose if the control of microglial responses mediated by astrocyte-derived factors, including GDNF, could be affected by the crosstalk with neurons, impacting GDNF’s ability to protect dopaminergic neurons exposed to a pro-inflammatory environment. Also, we aimed to disclose if the protection of dopaminergic neurons by GDNF involves the modulation of microglial cells. Our results show that the neuroprotective effect of GDNF was mediated, at least in part, by a direct action on microglial cells through the GDNF family receptor α-1. However, this protective effect seems to be impaired by other mediators released in response to the neuron-astrocyte crosstalk since neuron-astrocyte secretome, in contrast to astrocytes secretome, was unable to protect dopaminergic neurons from the injury triggered by lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia. Supplementation with exogenous GDNF was needed to afford protection of dopaminergic neurons exposed to the inflammatory environment. In conclusion, our results revealed that dopaminergic protective effects promoted by GDNF involve the control of microglial reactivity. However, endogenous GDNF is insufficient to confer dopaminergic neuron protection against an inflammatory insult. This reinforces the importance of further developing new therapeutic strategies aiming at providing GDNF or enhancing its expression in the brain regions affected by Parkinson’s disease.

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SIMON, HORST H., LAVINIA BHATT, DANIEL GHERBASSI, PAOLA SGADÓ e LAVINIA ALBERÍ. "Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 991, n. 1 (24 gennaio 2006): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07461.x.

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Awata, Hiroko, Mai Takakura, Yoko Kimura, Ikuko Iwata, Tomoko Masuda e Yukinori Hirano. "The neural circuit linking mushroom body parallel circuits induces memory consolidation in Drosophila". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n. 32 (23 luglio 2019): 16080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1901292116.

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Abstract (sommario):

Memory consolidation is augmented by repeated learning following rest intervals, which is known as the spacing effect. Although the spacing effect has been associated with cumulative cellular responses in the neurons engaged in memory, here, we report the neural circuit-based mechanism for generating the spacing effect in the memory-related mushroom body (MB) parallel circuits in Drosophila. To investigate the neurons activated during the training, we monitored expression of phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ERK [phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (pERK)]. In an olfactory spaced training paradigm, pERK expression in one of the parallel circuits, consisting of γm neurons, was progressively inhibited via dopamine. This inhibition resulted in reduced pERK expression in a postsynaptic GABAergic neuron that, in turn, led to an increase in pERK expression in a dopaminergic neuron specifically in the later session during spaced training, suggesting that disinhibition of the dopaminergic neuron occurs during spaced training. The dopaminergic neuron was significant for gene expression in the different MB parallel circuits consisting of α/βs neurons for memory consolidation. Our results suggest that the spacing effect-generating neurons and the neurons engaged in memory reside in the distinct MB parallel circuits and that the spacing effect can be a consequence of evolved neural circuit architecture.

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Tesi sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

DE, SANCTIS Claudia. "MicroRNAs profiling in Dopaminergic neurons". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/83499.

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Lo sviluppo dei neuroni dopaminergici mesencefalici (mDA) è un fenomeno complesso e non ancora pienamente compreso. Molti studi hanno focalizzato la loro attenzione sul ruolo svolto da diversi fattori di trascrizione specifici e ben noti. L'obiettivo della mia tesi di dottorato è focalizzato su una classe relativamente nuova di regolatori post-trascrizionali denominati microRNA (miRNAs), in grado di regolare l'espressione genica legando le sequenze parzialmente complementari nelle regioni 3' non tradotte (UTR) degli mRNAs target. Per studiare il ruolo svolto dai miRNAs durante la differenziazione dei neuroni mDA, abbiamo scelto di analizzare il profilo di espressione dei miRNA usando piattaforme di Array. A tale scopo, abbiamo utilizzato un protocollo ottimizzato da cellule staminali di epiblasto di topo (epiSC) differenziate in neuroni mDA (Jeager et al.,2011). Dall'analisi bioinformatica dei dati dell'array, ottenuti dalle epiSC differenziate in neuroni mDA, abbiamo identificato alcuni candidati molto probabilmente implicati nella differenziazione e nella funzione dei neuroni DA. I miRNA candidati sono stati sottoposti a screening per la loro capacità di indurre il fenotipo DA. A questo scopo, ho generato vettori lentivirali inducibili per ciascun miRNAs e ho infettato colture primarie mesencefaliche di topo allo stadio E12.5. Tra tutti i miRNA candidati, miR-218 e miR-34b/c aumentano il numero di cellule TH + positive, suggerendo il loro possibile contributo nei neuroni mDA. Inoltre, miR-218 e miR-34b/c, risultano arricchiti sia nel mesencefalo dei topi (E13.5) che nelle cellule GFP + sortate al FACS, isolate da embrioni E13.5 Pitx3-GFP di topo, rispetto al controllo. I dati ottenuti dal saggio di Luciferasi e dal saggio di reporter a doppia fluorescenza suggeriscono che miR-34b/c legano e sopprimono la 3'UTR di Wnt1 e viene espresso durante la differenziazione dei neuroni mDA. Tramite analisi di ibridazione in situ e dati d’ immunoistochimica ho potuto verificare che miR-218 è espresso in particolare nel mesencefalo di topo allo stadio E14, dove co-localizza rostralmente con Isl-1 (marcatore di motoneuroni) e caudalmente con TH, Pitx3, Lmx1a (marcatori dopaminergico). Questi dati suggeriscono che miR-218 è espresso anche nei motoneuroni craniali, come descritto in altri recenti studi (Thiebes, K.P. et al., 2014; Amin, N.D et al., 2015). Per comprendere ulteriormente il ruolo di miR-218 nello sviluppo e nella funzione dei neuroni dopaminergici ho generato topi knock-out condizionali (cKO) per miR-218-2. Accoppiando miR-218-2 flox / flox con topi En1Cre /+ che esprimono Cre sotto il controllo del promotore di Engrailed 1 (En1, marker pro-dopaminergico), sarò in grado di comprendere il contributo di miR-218 nel sistema dopaminergico. I topi miR-218-2 flox / flox En1Cre /+ da osservazioni preliminari, hanno mostrato un fenotipo con danno motorio, ma per confermare questi dati sto attualmente effettuando test comportamentali e analisi in vivo. Attraverso il profilo di espressione di miRNAs, siamo in grado di comprendere il meccanismo e la funzione del sistema dopaminergico, poiché i miRNAs sono regolatori chiave nelle reti di espressione genica, possono influenzare molti processi biologici e in futuro potrebbero essere utilizzati come biomarkers per diagnosticare patologie legate al sistema nervoso.
Midbrain dopaminergic neurons (mDA) development is a complex and still not fully understood phenomenon. Many studies till now concentrated their attention on the roles played by several, specific and well-known transcription factors. The aim of my PhD thesis is focus on a relatively new class of post-transcriptional regulators named microRNAs (miRNAs) able to regulate gene expression by targeting partially complementary sequences in the 3’untranslated regions (UTRs) of the target mRNAs. To investigate the role played by miRNAs during mDA differentiation, we choose to analyze miRNAs expression profile by using miRNA Array platforms. To this purpose we used an optimized protocol from mouse Epiblast stem cells (epiSC) differentiated into DA neurons (Jeager et al. 2011). By bioinformatics analysis of the array data, obtained from epiSC differentiated into mDA neurons, we identified few candidates most likely implicated in the DA neurons differentiation and function. The candidate miRNAs were screened for their ability to induce DA phenotype. To this purpose, I generated inducible lentiviral vectors for each miRNA and I have infected mesencephalic primary cultures from mice at stage E12.5. Among all candidate miRNAs, miR-218 and miR-34b/c increase the number of TH+ positive cells, showing their possible contribution in the mDA neurons. Moreover, miR-218 and miR-34b/c, were enriched both in midbrain of mice (E13.5) and in FACS sorted GFP+ cells isolated from E13.5 Pitx3-GFP mice embryos when compared with control. Data obtained from Luciferase Assay and Dual Fluorescence Reporter Assay suggest that miR-34b/c target and suppress Wnt1 3’UTR and it is expressed during DA neurons differentiation. By performing In situ hybridization analysis and immunohistochemistry, I was able to detect miR-218 in particular in the mouse midbrain at stage E14, where co-localize rostrally with Isl-1 (motor neuron marker) and caudally with TH, Pitx3, Lmx1a (dopaminergic marker). This data suggests that miR-218 is expressed also in cranial motor neurons, as described in others recent studies (Thiebes, K.P. et al. 2014; Amin, N.D et al. 2015). To further understand the role of miR-218 in development and function of dopaminergic neurons I have generated the conditional knock-out (cKO) mice for miR-218-2. By mating miR-218-2 flox/flox with En1Cre/+ mice expressing the Cre under Engrailed 1 promoter (En1 is a pro-dopaminergic marker) I will be able to investigate the contribution of miR-218 in dopaminergic system. Preliminary observations on miR-218-2 flox/flox En1Cre/+ mice shown motor impairment phenotype, but to confirm this data I’m currently performing behavior tests and in vivo analysis. Through miRNA expression profiling we be able understand mechanism and function of dopaminergic system, because miRNAs are as key regulators in gene expression networks, can influence many biological processes and have also shown promise as biomarkers for neuro-disorders.

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Dommett, Eleanor Jane. "Sensory regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425614.

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Decker, Amanda R. "TRPM7 function in zebrafish dopaminergic neurons". Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5927.

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TRPM7 (Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-like 7) is an ion channel necessary for the proper development of many cell types. Insight into the precise role of the channel in different cells has been hampered by the lethality of knocking out the gene in model organisms such as the mouse. Here I examine a zebrafish that has a loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding Trpm7. First, I show that trpm7 is important for the function of developing dopaminergic neurons in the zebrafish. Second, I examine the interaction between trpm7 and the related gene vmat2 in order to develop a cellular mechanism of trpm7 function in presynaptic dopaminergic neurons. Finally, I investigate the necessity of the kinase and ion channel domains of trpm7 in their ability to promote pigmentation in melanophores as a model cell type. Based on the results from these experiments and observations from other researchers, I form a new hypothesis for Trpm7 function in protein sorting. These studies provide a detailed and novel analysis of the function of an ion channel that is necessary for life.

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Love, Rebecca Margaret. "Improving the survival of embryonic dopaminergic neurons". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343277.

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Adams, Van L. "Seasonal plasticity of A15 dopaminergic neurons in the ewe". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2096.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 79 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-78).

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Lak, Armin. "Encoding of economic value by midbrain dopamine neurons". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648342.

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Zietlow, Rike. "Factors affecting the survival of embryonic dopaminergic neurones after transplantation". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624313.

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Pöltl, Dominik [Verfasser]. "Degeneration mechanisms in human dopaminergic neurons / Dominik Pöltl". Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025226135/34.

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Moubarak, Estelle. "Constraints imposed by morphological and biophysical properties of axon and dendrites on the electrical behaviour of rat substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0746.

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L’activité électrique des neurones est déterminée par des interactions complexes entre leurs propriétés morphologiques et biophysiques. Les neurones dopaminergiques (DA) de la substance noire compacte (SNc) présentent une caractéristique morphologique peu commune parmi les neurones de mammifères: leur axone émerge fréquemment d’une dendrite à une distance très variable du soma. Malgré cette importante variabilité dans la localisation de l’axone, peu d’articles ont étudié un lien potentiel entre morphologie neuronale et activité électrique dans ces cellules. Dans un premier article, nous avons exploré l’importante variabilité observée dans les neurones DA en caractérisant de nombreux paramètres morphologiques et biophysiques. Nos résultats suggèrent que la géométrie de l’AIS n’affecte pas significativement la forme du potentiel d’action ni l’activité pacemaker. En revanche, l’activité électrique est influencée par la morphologie et les conductances somatodendritiques. Dans une seconde étude, nous avons caractérisé le développement morphologique des neurones DA au cours des trois premières semaines post-natales. Nous avons observé une croissance asymétrique de l’arbre dendritique: la dendrite portant l’axone semble se complexifier plus que les autres dendrites. Cette asymétrie est associée à une contribution différente de la dendrite portant l’axone et des dendrites ne portant pas l’axone à la forme du potentiel d’action. Ces résultats suggèrent que les neurones DA de la SNc sont robustes aux variations morphologiques de l’axone et que les particularités morphologiques et biophysiques de leur arbre dendritique minimisent l’influence de l’AIS sur leur activité électrique
Neuronal output is defined by the complex interplay between the biophysical and morphological properties of neurons. Dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) are spontaneously active and generate a regular pacemaking activity. While most mammalian neurons have an axon emerging from the soma, the axon of DA neurons often arises from a dendrite at highly variable distances from the soma. Despite this large cell-to-cell variation in axon location, few studies have tried to unravel the potential link between neuronal morphology and electrical behaviour in this cell type. In a first article, we explored the high degree of cell-to-cell variability found in DA neurons by characterising several morphological and biophysical parameters. While AIS geometry did not seem to significantly affect action potential shape or pacemaking activity, we found that the electrical behaviour of DA neurons was particularly sensitive to somatodendritic morphology and conductances. In a second study, we characterised the morphological development of DA neurons during the first three post-natal weeks. We observed an asymmetric development of the dendritic tree, favouring the elongation and complexity of the axon-bearing dendrite. This asymmetry is associated with different contributions of the axon-bearing and non-axon bearing dendrites to action potential shape. Overall, the two studies suggest that DA neurons of the SNc are highly robust to cell-to-cell variations in axonal morphology. The peculiar morphological and biophysical profile of the dendritic arborization attenuates the role of the AIS in shaping electrical behaviour in this neuronal type

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Sousa, Kyle Matthew. "Nuclear receptor and Wnt function in developing dopaminergic neurons /". Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-105-0/.

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Libri sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Umberto, Di Porzio, Pernas-Alonso Roberto e Perrone-Capano Carla, a cura di. Development of dopaminergic neurons. Austin: R.G. Landes Co., 1999.

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Beart, P. M., G. N. Woodruff e D. M. Jackson, a cura di. Pharmacology and Functional Regulation of Dopaminergic Neurons. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10047-7.

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Jeroen, Pasterkamp R., Smidt Marten P e Burbach, Johannes Peter Henri, 1954-, a cura di. Development and engineering of dopamine neurons. New York, N.Y: Springer Science+Business Media, 2009.

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Giovanni, Giuseppe. Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra. Vienna: Springer-Verlag Vienna, 2009.

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Giovanni, Giuseppe, Vincenzo Di Matteo e Ennio Esposito, a cura di. Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-92660-4.

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Kjell, Fuxe, e Wenner-Grenska samfundet, a cura di. Trophic regulation of the basal ganglia: Focus on dopamine neurons. Oxford, OX, UK: Pergamon, 1994.

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M, Beart P., Woodruff G. N, Jackson D. M e International Congress of Pharmacology, (10th : 1987 : Sydney, N.S.W.), a cura di. Pharmacology and functional regulation of dopaminergic neurons: Proceedings of a satellite symposium of the IUPHAR 10th International Congress of pharmacology, 31 Aug.- 2 Sep. 1987. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1988.

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M, Beart P., Woodruff Geoffrey N, Jackson D. M, International Union of Pharmacology e International Congress of Pharmacology (10th : 1987 : Cessnock, N.S.W.).)., a cura di. Pharmacology and functional regulation of dopaminergic neurons: Proceedings of a satellite symposium of the IUPHAR 10th International Congress of Pharmacology, 31 August-2 September 1987. Littleton, Mass: PSG Pub. Co., 1988.

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M, Beart P., Woodruff Geoffrey N, Jackson D. M, International Union of Pharmacology e International Congress of Pharmacology (10th : 1987 : Cessnock, N.S.W.), a cura di. Pharmacology and functional regulation of dopaminergic neurons: Proceedings of a satellite symposium of the IUPHAR 10th International Congress of Pharmacology, 31 August-2 September 1987. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Press, Scientific & Medical, 1988.

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W, Stone T., a cura di. CNS neurotransmitters and neuromodulators: Dopamine. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1996.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Kummer, W. "Are Chemoreceptor Neurons Dopaminergic?" In Chemoreceptors and Chemoreceptor Reflexes, 95–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8938-5_14.

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Bartholini, G., B. Zivkovic e B. Scatton. "Dopaminergic Neurons: Basic Aspects". In Catecholamines II, 277–318. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73551-6_7.

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Markstein, R., J. M. Vigouret, A. Enz, D. Coward, A. Jaton e U. Briner. "Dopaminergic Ergots". In Pharmacology and Functional Regulation of Dopaminergic Neurons, 22–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10047-7_4.

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Giovanni, Giuseppe. "A Diet for Dopaminergic Neurons?" In Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra, 317–31. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-92660-4_27.

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Jaeger, C. B. "Plasticity of Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons". In Progress in Parkinson Research, 153–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0759-4_19.

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Prediger, Rui Daniel, Mariza Bortolanza, Ana Carolina de Castro Issy, Bruno Lopes dos Santos, Elaine Del Bel e Rita Raisman-Vozari. "Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson’s Disease". In Handbook of Neurotoxicity, 753–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5836-4_7.

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Diana, M., e J. M. Tepper. "Electrophysiological Pharmacology of Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons". In Dopamine in the CNS II, 1–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06765-9_1.

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Tepper, James M., Pau Celada, Yuji Iribe e Carlos A. Paladini. "Afferent Control of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons". In Advances in Behavioral Biology, 641–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0179-4_64.

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Smidt, Marten P., J. Peter e H. Burbach. "Terminal Differentiation of Mesodiencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons:". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 47–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0322-8_4.

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von Bohlen, Oliver, e Klaus Unsicker. "Neurotrophic Support of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 73–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0322-8_7.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Pitta, Marina Galdino da Rocha, Jordy Silva de Carvalho, Luzilene Pereira de Lima e Ivan da Rocha Pitta. "iPSC therapies applied to rehabilitation in parkinson’s disease". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.022.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that affects movement, mainly due to damage and degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. The diagnosis is made through a clinical neurological analysis where motor characteristics are considered. There is still no cure, and treatment strategies are focused on symptoms control. Cell replacement therapies emerge as an alternative. Objective: This review focused on current techniques of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Methods: The search terms used were: “Parkinson’s Disease”, “Stem cells” and “iPSC”. Open articles written in English, from 2016-21 were selected in the Pubmed database, 10 publications were identified. Results: With the modernization of iPSC, it was possible to reprogram pluripotent human somatic cells and generate dopaminergic neurons and individual-specific glial cells. To understand the molecular basis, cell and animal models of neurons and organelles are currently being employed. Organoids are derived from stem cells in a three-dimensional matrix, such as matrigel or hydrogels derived from animals. The neuronal models are: α-synuclein (SNCA), leucine-rich repeat kinase2 (LRRK2), PARK2, putative kinase1 induced by phosphatase and tensin homolog (PINK1), DJ-1. Both models offer opportunities to investigate pathogenic mechanisms of PD and test compounds on human neurons. Conclusions: Cell replacement therapy is promising and has great capacity for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Studies using iPSC neuron and PD organoid modeling is highly valuable in elucidating relevants neuronal pathways and therapeutic targets, moreover providing important models for testing future therapies.

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Comerford, James P., Steve Perryman, Amy Pruszenski, Frank Thorn e Richard Held. "Assessment of Lateral Interaction Across the Visual Field Using Hermann Grid Contrast Thresholds". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.sae.10.

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We have developed several psychophysical measures that may reflect the neuropharmacological control of center-surround interactions within the human visual system (Comerford et al 1990, 1991). We have been particularly interested in patients with Parkinson’s disease, a disease associated with destruction of the dopaminergic neurons of the Substantia Nigra (Comerford et al 1995). Recent evidence suggests that this disease also affects the dopaminergic neurons of the retina (Nguyen-Legros 1988). These retinal neurons release dopamine maximally under photopic conditions and are associated with an increase in surround inhibition in the center-surround balance of retinal receptive fields.

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Prince, Akimul, e Biswanath Samanta. "Control of Autonomous Robots Using the Principles of Neuromodulation". In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-4107.

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The paper presents a control approach based on vertebrate neuromodulation and its implementation on an autonomous robot platform. A simple neural network is used to model the neuromodulatory function for generating context based behavioral responses to sensory signals. The neural network incorporates three types of neurons — cholinergic and noradrenergic (ACh/NE) neurons for attention focusing and action selection, dopaminergic (DA) neurons for curiosity-seeking, and serotonergic (5-HT) neurons for risk aversion behavior. The implementation of the neuronal model on a relatively simple autonomous robot illustrates its interesting behavior adapting to changes in the environment. The integration of neuromodulation based robots in the study of human-robot interaction would be worth considering in future.

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Alavi, Azadeh, Brenton Cavanagh, Gervase Tuxworth, Adrian Meedeniya, Alan Mackay-Sim e Michael Blumenstein. "Automated classification of dopaminergic neurons in the rodent brain". In 2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2009 - Atlanta). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178740.

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Lavrova, Alina, Mikhail Akimov, Viktor Blokhin, Natalia Gretskaya e Vladimir Bezuglov. "NOVEL MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS FOR TARGETED DELIVERY TO DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS". In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1121.sudak.ns2020-16/291.

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Prince, Akimul, e Biswanath Samanta. "Neuromodulation Based Control of Autonomous Robots". In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64049.

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The paper presents a control approach based on neuromodulation in vertebrate brains and its implementation on an autonomous robotic platform. The neuromodulatory function is modeled through a neural network for generating context based behavioral responses to sensory input signals from the environment. Three types of neurons are incorporated in the neural network model. The neurons are — cholinergic and noradrenergic (ACh/NE) for attention focusing and action selection, dopaminergic (DA) for curiosity-seeking, and serotonergic (5-HT) for risk aversion behaviors. The neuronal model was implemented on a relatively simple autonomous robot that demonstrated its interesting behavior adapting to changes in the environment.

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Blankenship, Harris E., Kylie Handa, Willard M. Freeman e Michael J. Beckstead. "Intrinsic Alterations of Dopaminergic Neurons in the 3xTg-Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse". In ASPET 2023 Annual Meeting Abstracts. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.122.552490.

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Besada, Christina, Stacia I. Lewandowski e Ole Mortensen. "Bidirectional ERK1/2 Modulation in Dopaminergic Neurons Regulates DAT Expression and Function". In ASPET 2023 Annual Meeting Abstracts. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.122.166680.

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Muhammad, Cameron, e Biswanath Samanta. "Control of Autonomous Robots Using Principles of Neuromodulation in ROS Environment". In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38158.

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Decision making of a vertebrate in response to the sensory signals from the environment is regulated by the neuromodulatory systems in its brain. A vertebrate’s behaviors like focusing attention, cautious risk-aversion and curiosity-seeking exploration are influenced by these neuromodulators. The paper presents an autonomous robotic control approach based on vertebrate neuromodulation and its implementation on multiple open-source hardware platforms. A simple neural network is used to model the neuromodulatory functions for generating context based behavioral responses to sensory signals. The neural network incorporates three types of neurons — attention focusing cholinergic and noradrenergic (ACh/NE), curiosity-seeking dopaminergic (DA), and risk aversive serotonergic (5-HT) neurons. The implementation of the neuronal model on multiple relatively simple autonomous robots is illustrated through the interesting behavior of the robots adapting to changes in the environment. The implementation is done in open-source, open-access robotics software framework of Robot Operating System (ROS).

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Souza, Caroline, Giovanni Viana, Bruno Coelho, Ana Beatriz Massaranduba e Rodrigo Ramos. "Feature Extraction from EEG signals for detection of Parkinsons Disease". In Congresso Brasileiro de Inteligência Computacional. SBIC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21528/cbic2023-027.

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The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a medical tool that captures, in a non-invasive way, electrical signals from the brain activities performed by neurons. EEG signals have been the target of study as a biomarker of Parkinsons disease (PD), where several methods of analysis are applied. The present work aims to evaluate features extracted from EEG signals, through methodologies such as HOS, Haralick descriptors, and Fractal Features, as new biomarkers for PD identification. Data from 50 individuals, available at the Open Neuro repository, who underwent an attentional cognitive task were analyzed. RF and SVM algorithms were employed for the classification of the extracted features. The best accuracy achieved was 79.49% in differentiating between Parkinsons subjects and control subjects using Haralick descriptors and RF classifier, suggesting that these features can identify activations in brain areas caused by dopaminergic medication.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Dopaminergic neurons"

Surmeier, D. J. Calcium Homeostatasis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Dopaminergic Neurons of the Substantia Nigra. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada519458.

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Andrades, Oscar, David Ulloa, Dario Martinez, Francisco Guede, Gustava Muñoz, Luis Javier Chirosa e Amador García. Effect of the manipulation of the variables that configure the stimulus of strength training on motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0079.

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Review question / Objective: To analyze the evidence on studies that have manipulated the variables that make up the strength training stimulus and its effects on motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease. Condition being studied: Parkinson's is a multisystemic neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system and is caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia of the midbrain. People with Parkinson's disease (PEP) have non-motor and motor clinical symptoms. Classic motor symptoms are rest tremor, joint stiffness, bradykinesia, decreased balance, gait disturbances (speed, temporality, spatiality, support, and freezing) and decreased functional performance.

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Wang, Xiao, Hong Shen, Yujie Liang, Yixin Wang, Meiqi Zhang e Hongtao Ma. Effectiveness of Tango Intervention on Motor Symptoms in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0009.

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Review question / Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological disease caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra of the brain, resulting in lesions in the basal ganglia. The main motor symptoms of PD include resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia or bradykinesia and postural instability. As an exercise intervention based on musical accompaniment, tango dance has shown positive effects on the rehabilitation of motor symptoms in PD patients in recently. In this study, we systematically reviewed the efficacy of tango intervention in alleviating the motor symptoms of patients with PD. Condition being studied: Parkinson. Information sources: The following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science Core collection, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) and WanFang Database.

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Singh, Ruchi, Akhiya Nail e Nirendra Kumar Rai. Effectiveness of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on cognitive, motor & mood instability of Parkinson’s disease patients on levodopa treatment :A Systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, febbraio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0066.

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Review question / Objective: The treatment of choice for patients of Parkinson's disease is levodopa. However, levodopa has been suggested to decrease Vit B12 level in these patients. Thus, the research question for this systematic review is whether vit B 12 supplementation in Parkinson's disease(PD) patients on treatment with levodopa improves vit B12 level effecting the Cognition, Motor functions and Mood instability among them in comparison to PD patients on levodopa treatment who are not supplemented with Vit B12. Condition being studied: Parkinson disease is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons present within the substantia nigra that can lead to altered movements along with the prevalence of cognitive and mood instability as a result of dopamine(neurotransmitter) deficiency. The most effective treatment for the Parkinson's disease is the administration of levodopa, a dopamine precursor . Long term treatment with levodopa causes an increase in homocysteine levels and tissue deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate may occur. Vitamin B12 supplementation is administered as after management regime, in Parkinson patient on levodopa treatment . This study aims to conduct a systematic review, of studies , randomized control trials investigating the ability of vitamin B12 supplementation to enhances the recovery/reduce the decline, if any, of the symptoms of cognitive, motor, mood impairments associated with Parkinson's disease patient on levodopa treatment.

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Zhang, Yu, Chaoliang Sun, Hengxi Xu, Weiyang Shi, Luqi Cheng, Alain Dagher, Yuanchao Zhang e Tianzi Jiang. Connectivity-Based Subtyping of De Novo Parkinson Disease: Biomarkers, Medication Effects and Longitudinal Progression. Progress in Neurobiology, aprile 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60124/j.pneuro.2024.10.04.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by divergent clinical symptoms and prognosis, suggesting the presence of distinct subtypes. Identifying these subtypes is crucial for understanding the underlying pathophysiology, predicting disease progression, and developing personalized treatments. In this study, we propose a connectivity-based subtyping approach, which measures each patient's deviation from the reference structural covariance networks established in healthy controls. Using data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, we identified two distinct subtypes of de novo PD patients: 248 patients with typical cortical-striato-thalamic dysfunctions and 41 patients showing weakened dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-to-cortical/striatal projections. The proposed subtyping approach demonstrated high stability in terms of random sampling of healthy or diseased population and longitudinal prediction at follow-up visits, outperforming the traditional motor phenotypes. Compared to the typical PD, patients with the DRN-predominant subtype were characterized by less server motor symptoms at baseline and distinct imaging biomarkers, including larger striatal volumes, higher concentration of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β and amyloid-β/t(p)-tau ratio. Subtype-specific associations and drug effects were identified that the DRN subtype exhibited more pronounced medication effects on motor symptoms, potentially regulated by DRN serotonergic modulation through striatal dopaminergic neurons. The DRN serotonergic inputs also regulated non-motor symptoms, the aggregation of CSF biomarkers and the conversion to more severe disease states. Our findings suggest that the DRN-predominant subtype represents a unique clinical and biological phenotype of PD characterized by an enhanced response to anti-parkinsonian treatment, more favorable prognosis and slower progression of dopamine depletion. This study may contribute to clinical practice of precision medicine, early invention and individualized treatments in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.

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Przedborski, Serge E. Role of Nitric Oxide in MPTP Induced Dopaminergic Neuron. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384796.

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Reinsvold, Josef. Neuron Glia Crosstalk In Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1050.

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Przedborski, Serge E. Role of Nitric Oxide in MPTP-Induced Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada450371.

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Przedborski, Serge. Role of Nitric Oxide in MPTP-Induced Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416386.

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Przedborski, Serge, e Vernice Jackson-Lewis. Role of Nitric Oxide in MPTP-Induced Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420096.

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