Tesi sul tema "Domaine de l'éducation et de la formation professionnelle"
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Drechsler, Michèle. "Les pratiques du socialbookmarking dans le domaine de l'éducation : affordances sémantiques, socio-cognitives et formatives". Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ018L/document.
Testo completoThe web has become participatory and new practices of categorization of information are emerging, based on the communities of interest in social strategies of indexing numerical resources on line and produsage characterized by the production of collaborative contents by users (A. Bruns). The new approaches hightlight a new organization of knowledge sharing. This research studies the practice of sharing knowledge in the web with socialbookmarking in the field of education. Educational resources are at the heart of the teachers' s profession and the digital resources must be defined. We make an instrumental approach of digital resources within the theory of activity. A semantic approach of social indexing with the analyse of 10 000 educational resources allows us to establish its potentialities and its limits and we try to draw a provisional ontology in the field of education. We support in the Engeström's and the study of different virtual communities of practice in socialbookmarking allow us to define the various activities for the digital taggers and resources' s users. We determine the tensions between «producers» and «consumer» of resources, the legality of knowledge and experts and amators, the dynamic raised between the members. Building on the learning theories, we show that these environments are privileged spaces of «personal knowledge management», and development of professional skills
Drechsler, Michèle. "Les pratiques du socialbookmarking dans le domaine de l'éducation : affordances sémantiques, socio-cognitives et formatives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ018L.
Testo completoThe web has become participatory and new practices of categorization of information are emerging, based on the communities of interest in social strategies of indexing numerical resources on line and produsage characterized by the production of collaborative contents by users (A. Bruns). The new approaches hightlight a new organization of knowledge sharing. This research studies the practice of sharing knowledge in the web with socialbookmarking in the field of education. Educational resources are at the heart of the teachers' s profession and the digital resources must be defined. We make an instrumental approach of digital resources within the theory of activity. A semantic approach of social indexing with the analyse of 10 000 educational resources allows us to establish its potentialities and its limits and we try to draw a provisional ontology in the field of education. We support in the Engeström's and the study of different virtual communities of practice in socialbookmarking allow us to define the various activities for the digital taggers and resources' s users. We determine the tensions between «producers» and «consumer» of resources, the legality of knowledge and experts and amators, the dynamic raised between the members. Building on the learning theories, we show that these environments are privileged spaces of «personal knowledge management», and development of professional skills
Lefebvre, Guillaume. "Learning and exploiting semantic representations for hierarchical multi-label classification and learning object retrieval in the field of education and professional training". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10298.
Testo completoInokufu was born from the convergence of two areas of expertise that were shared by the co-founders: andragogy and data sciences. The objective of the company is to combine extensive algorithmic analysis of educational data with a system of human, pedagogical, and business audits. In this manner, the educational data processed is of superior quality and can be utilized to develop Machine Learning and recommendation algorithms tailored to the domain of education and professional training.The principal objective of this thesis project is to investigate, adapt, and develop sophisticated techniques for Hierarchical Multi-label Classification and Learning Objects retrieval, while addressing the specific characteristics of the educational and professional training domain. In particular, this thesis concentrates on learning semantic representations suitable for these tasks, based on Natural Language Processing methods adapted to the linguistic and semantic nuances specific to the domain of education and professional training.Given the complex nature of this data, the requirements articulated by Inokufu encompass the following aspects:1. The capacity to process specialized terminology: texts from the domain of education and professional training employ specific terms that are frequently absent from general corpora. It is essential to obtain a model capable of understanding and exploiting these specialized terminologies, thereby ensuring that content is correctly represented and searchable. This enhances the precision of alignments between training offerings and user-expressed requirements.2. Hierarchical classification of educational and professional data: educational contents are often characterized by complex hierarchies (skills, certifications, and training paths). In order to navigate these structures in an efficient manner and assist users in locating the appropriate resources, it is essential to have a classification system that respects and reflects these hierarchies. The solution must enable content to be classified in a manner that preserves the relationships between different hierarchical levels, such as between general categories and their sub-themes.3. Effectiveness of semantic search: To enhance the user experience, it is essential to implement a semantic search that is capable of understanding the intentions of the users, even when they use approximate terms or varied expressions to describe their needs.In order to address these requirements, this thesis presents two significant contributions:1. BERTEPro: a novel semantic representation framework tailored to texts within the domain of education and professional training. By combining a specific pre-training phase on domain-specific corpora with fine-tuning on general tasks, BERTEPro facilitates a more nuanced comprehension of semantic nuances and the generation of precise and relevant representations, thereby enhancing the capacity to classify and search for educational content.2. HMCCCProbT: a Hierarchical Multi-label Classification framework that is capable of modeling both local and global dependencies within hierarchical structures in an efficient manner. By employing a probabilistic transmission mechanism, HMCCCProbT facilitates enhanced accuracy while limiting errors associated with the propagation of erroneous decisions at each level of the hierarchy.These two complementary approaches have been validated by experiments on real-world datasets from the domain of education and professional training. They have demonstrated their capacity to enhance the quality of classifications and the search for Learning Object in an educational context
Pédrono, Yves. "Étude des relations entre l'éducation permanente et l'éducation initiale". Bordeaux 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR21007.
Testo completoMohib, Najoua. "Dispositifs de formation et développement des compétences professionnelles : la question de l'engagement dans l'agir professionnel". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2005/MOHIB_Najoua_2005.pdf.
Testo completoFacing the economic imperative of the « promotion of intensive competitiveness, we find that under social pressures, deep modifications- especially being closer to the working world – are needed. Within this context, priority is now giver to a strategy of “thinking towards action” of training programs the aim of which is to establish the creation of activities based on the professional competence showed both by the initial idea and its practical implications. After an analysis of the processes of research leading to enlighten the development of potential, we then face the question: “how are they being created and how one can be trained to create them?” We decided to approach the problem, traditionally analyzed from the point of view of the realization of actions, under a new angle: the passage towards action. The starting point leading this work is that in order to commit oneself to professional action- meaning being able to face risks and uncertainties to do so – the individual must feel that a “role model”, who has authority, gives permission. In order to explore the processes underlying the commitment of the subject to action geared towards efficiency together with the legitimacy attached to organizations aiming at changing individuals, we based ourselves on a qualitative work founded on the analysis of discourse. The corpus behind this research analyzed 12 pedagogical documents, 22 interactive propositions lead by 3 acting individuals: former leaners, supervisors and tutors. The results show the difficulty to grasp the complexity of the “studied matter” they lead us however to change slightly our starting research hypothesis. The various forms of “legitimization” leading to the process of authorization refer more to a quest both towards socialization and recognition by others rather than to a personal individual reference
Zangerlu, Martine. "La sémiosis dans la professionnalisation des acteurs de la formation continue de l'Éducation Nationale : processus de communication et de contextualisation". Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30036.
Testo completoPeixoto, Joana. "Les formateurs parlent : les représentations des formateurs d'enseignants dans le domaine de l'informatique appliquée à l'éducation". Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082491.
Testo completoWhy teachers prepared to work with Educational Informatics (EI) do not transfer to their practice what they learned during their formation? Our hypothesis is that there is, among EI formers, a certain representation of the formation model and a conception on the beneficial aspects of digital technologies that would be automatically transferred to the teachers' practice. The concept of social representation (Moscovici) was adopted to identify on the formers discourse how they conceive the formation and bring it to the practice. The investigation was done with the 21 teachers of the discipline "Informatics and Education" from the Catholic University of Goiás, in Brazil, using the techniques of words associations, semi-structured interview and focus group. The meanings of EI are made evident to those teachers through the many metaphors that constitute their imaginary: from the teaching machine to the bottomless well, and also a partner, a mirror, a miracle. .
Ribeiro, Valle Ione. "Professionnalisation et formation des enseignants : la socialisation professionnelle des enseignants de la 1re à la 4e année à Santa Catarina (Brésil)". Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H031.
Testo completoBrazilian large scale schooling plan is quite recent. Under consideration from as early as the beginning of the twentieth century by the Federal constitutions, large scale schooling really took off as part of the industrialization process started in the 50's. To set up a national education system, the Brazilian State undertook to elaborate educational policies, to spead out scholling networks, to hire and train teachers. This study recalls the main points of the educational policies implemented during an era full of a creating vity and questionning, thanks to the constant exchange being at stake's between the state's policies and the emerging social actors. This restrospecive reading has allowed to examine the process of professionnalisation of the teaching body as well as the part played by teachers training in the make up of professional identity. (. . . )
Balcou-Debussche, Maryvette. "Pratiques scripturales en formation professionnelle : construction des modes de socialisation et des stratifications sociales : analyse et comparaison de quatre lieux de formation professionnelle dans le domaine de la santé". Amiens, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AMIE0010.
Testo completoGambou, Alfred Romuald. "Le renouveau éthique dans la postmodernité : les enjeux pour l'éducation, la formation de soi et l'éthique professionnelle enseignante". Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3018.
Testo completoMethodologically rooted in the paradigm of the constructivism and the complex thought, the research work reassesses the history of the discontinued thought, characterized by epistemological ruptures. It shows that each of them has been both a dialogic and a progress but also a regression for the human spirit. We refer to that of the historical modernity (around XVII century called “the Cartesian moment” by Foucault), that of the Enlightenment, the Moderns, the post or the hypermodernity. So, this work finds its theoretical anchorage, including its hypothesis, in these different ruptures. How does modernity allow questioning, the moderns’ abstract and Universalist humanism by opening coming views which structured the professional teaching ethic? The first three parts will enlighten the emergence of the issue, scope the skates of the new ethic and sign another educational paradigm, taking into account the current issues and trying to understand what for ages, structured the traditional teaching ethic. The last two parts make a bent and flashback towards former humanism and stoician, having a look both at the paradigm of the tale and the value it sets to the topological, creative, poetic and imaginary dimension. That is the starting point of the results of this research and its four teachables around which have been articulated the new landmarks structuring that new professional teaching ethic heard as “conatus”, a being attention and style
Mouchnino, Anne. "Rôle du pharmacien clinicien dans l'éducation et l'information du pharmacien d'officine sur le diabète". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P054.
Testo completoIbikounle, Salami Yacoubou. "L'impact de la coopération décentralisée entre les collectivités territoriales françaises et béninoises sur les politiques de l'éducation et de la formation au Bénin". Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT4009.
Testo completoAll the educational reforms operated in Benin brought some improvements to the educational system. The territorial decentralization initiated in the nineties affected subsequently the sectors of education and professional training. With this decentralization, the local governments in Benin which constitute the only decentralized level were transferred new competencies such as education and training. Nevertheless, the transfer of decentralization's funds following the transfer of competencies is not sufficient because the Beninese local governments cannot devote a significant portion of their budget to the material management of education and training. Therefore, to accomplish their goals related to their competence, they are forced to turn to their foreign counterparts, like the French local governments. And, moreover, the legal framework of the decentralization gives them the power to undertake the decentralized cooperation, which exceeds in reality, the French framework of this cooperation. They can indeed tie partnerships with foreign territorial collectivities, organizations and associations, even with international non-governmental organizations. Material, technical and financial supports from all the partners of the Beninese local governments, give them the possibility to make powerful public policies of education and training in Benin. As a result of this decentralized cooperation, one can see today in Benin, a growing number of schools with well-equipped modern classrooms, as well as canteens and dormitories for needy students. There are also teachers who, through the decentralized cooperation, benefit from trainings and witness improvement of their wages and living conditions. The direct consequence of this cooperation is that Benin exceeded the rate of 100% as regards to universal schooling while having improved at the same time, the percentage of boys and girls at school, and even, the teachers/students ratio. Finally, the training centers built by the decentralized cooperation allow the training of qualified workers likely to satisfy the needs of local craft businesses, but also, decrease the illiteracy rate which, ultimately, reduces poverty
Maleyrot, Eric. "Evolution de la fonction et de l'identité professionnelle des maîtres formateurs de l'enseignement du premier degré". Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3039.
Testo completoTo adapt the school system to economic, cultural and social changing, new modes of regulation in education and training policies are implemented. The teachers in France, as in other developed countries, are confronted with a series of reforms. The reform of initial teacher training in 2010, called the teachers’ “masterisation” is one of the last events marking these institutional transformations. This research focuses on the changes in the function and professional identity of French first degree mentor teachers. These professionals, hardly studied these last two decades, have the particularity to perform a dual function. These school teachers are in charge of a pupils’ class in primary school and have also a mission as trainer in initial teacher training. Based on a theoretical framework linking the concepts of institutional arrangement, professional identity and professional ordeal, the study first queries the various institutional arrangements that regulate these professionals' activities before and after the 2010 reform. It highlights the latest developments in their dual function. Then, a longitudinal survey, through participant observation and comprehensive interviews with nine mentor teachers employed in the department of Loire-Atlantique, identifies professional ordeals experienced by this group. These ordeals provide access to elements that construct and transform over time these mentor teachers’ professional identities
Nagels, Marc. "Analyse de l’activité et développement de l’auto-efficacité : Contribution à une théorie agentique de la formation des compétences critiques des cadres et dirigeants de la santé publique". Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100050.
Testo completoThe aim of this research was to measure the contribution of activity analysis to the development of self-efficacy in the workplace. Our population was comprised of public health executives and managers in training at the French School of Public Health. The research question focused on how to articulate the notion of critical competencies, notoriously difficult to acquire, with cognitive theory and the theory of conceptualization in action. These different but complementary theoretical approaches lead to the idea that activity analysis and agency may contribute explicitly to establishing a model of critical competencies training. Three sources of information data have been exploited. The first characterizes critical competencies in the field of public health management. The second results from measures of the level of job-related self efficacy (697 trainees from the EHESP). The third demonstrates how a system of activity analysis pertaining to managerial decision-making contributes to an increase in self efficacy. This result is particularly significant for those trainees with an initially low level of self efficacy. These results indicate that in all cases in which an increase in self efficacy has occurred, irrespective of whether the individuals concerned have benefited or not from established modes of training, activity analysis or self-conducted activity analysis has been the most determining factor in promoting an increase in self efficacy. Thus, this research strengthens the hypothesis that activity analysis and agency represent two major conditions for the formation of critical competencies, i. E. Of effective adaptation of the professional to his work environment
Abed, Hamza. "Modèles de conception des jeux sérieux pour la formation professionnelle : application aux contextes de l'Usine 4.0 et du domaine médical". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS014.
Testo completoIn the light of the current digital revolution, factories are facing the need to employ innovative ways to train the new generations Y and Z immersed in new technologies. The work presented in this thesis deals with the gamification of training in a way adapted to the digital factory and the new generation of learners. Having carried out experiments with employees from the industrial world, we have identified several locks specific to vocational training, such as the need to integrate innovations in training, the need for an evolutionary training, or the difficulty of transforming an existing training into a new funny one. Thus, at the end of the state of the art about tools, methods and methodologies of serious game creation, we found that none of the existing solutions takes into account the locks found. This led us to propose a dual learning approach of the training module, based on a multi-faceted resource model (RMF) and a light iterative construction process (LGA). Our approach aims to help the trainer to gradually define a game scenario adapted to the content of his training. The concept of MFR makes it possible to characterize an important resource of the module without precisely describing the usage scenario
Araujo, De Rezende Alvares Lillian. "Les télécentres d'information et affaires comme moyen pour l'éducation corporative en petites et moyennes entreprises". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00502549.
Testo completoMorin-St-Hilaire, Élise. "Étude de la relation entre le domaine d'étude et les résultats au guide de recherche d'une orientation professionnelle (GROP) auprès d'étudiants universitaires". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27397/27397.pdf.
Testo completoGosselin, Marilène. "Le développement professionnel de praticiennes et de praticiens du domaine de la santé : une compréhension des expériences d'apprentissage découlant de la participation à des communautés de pratique". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69036.
Testo completoIn response to challenges for professional development in daily practice and this, among others in the health sector, an alternative approach has been implemented in workplaces in the past few years. These are communities of practice. Research has concluded that they have positive effects in the professional development of the practitioners as well as for organizational development. Although the procedural aspects and the conditions for implementing this device have been documented, the process experienced by the participants in terms of professional development remains less well known. This project aims to clarify the learning process experienced by people participating in a community of practice in order to understand, from a scientific point of view, how to modify or improve their professional practice and therefore to develop professionally. Beforehand, a review of the literature to clarify the concept of professional development is required to position the present works in a constructivist or socioconstructivist perspective. It emerges that, both in the scientific and practical implications to better understand and supporting this process contributes both to the construction of knowledge and to professional identity, the challenge remains to combine its different dimensions: personal, professional and sociocultural. In the empirical approach, it's mainly from the data of the interview carried out with participants from communities of practice that a qualitative case analysis was realized with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The results indicate that various types of learning process, as theoretically suggested by Jarvis (2010), whether they are non-reflexive, reflexive or reflected or even absent in the immediate future, can be experienced within a community of practice. By deepening this learning phenomenon, we see that it is a combination of actions, thoughts and feelings that will lead to one or other of these learning processes. Our study leads us to believe that, although the outcome will always depend on the interaction of the person in their lived world from their biography, it's possible to influence the learning process. Indeed, the analysis of the potential learning experiences demonstrates the interaction of conditions related to the context, to the educational aspects and to herself in this process. Furthermore, these turn out to be more effective, in a professional development perspective, when they integrate collaborative and learning activities prompting a reflexive practice as well as a development of new conceptual understandings, more specifically, related to the professional practice and work's context. Finally, this research shows us the potential of a community of practice as a collaborative device for professional development, which can contribute to the construction of the identity and learning of the person, and provides some leads to promote it. Thus, by taking into account the dynamics of the dimensions of professional development in the various activities proposed in the workplace and repeated over time, it's possible to act on the learning process of people which evolves with the person and the world in an evolutionary way.
Meziani, Mekki Meriam. "La place de la culture professionnelle dans les pratiques initiales de formation initiale des infirmiers à l'éducation thérapeutique du patient, un agir énacté". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025ULILH002.
Testo completoTherapeutic Patient Education (TPE) and its implementation in initial nursing education represents a significant challenge for public health and the development of the nursing profession, within a context dominated by biomedical and neoliberal paradigms. In this context, recent empirical studies reveal contradictions between the theoretical ambitions supported by various frameworks and the operationalization of TPE in practice, highlighting the complexity of its individualized implementation and teaching. Concurrently, the professional transition of educators from healthcare to teaching occurs with minimal specific preparation for these challenges, which are in addition to those of professionalizing students within a curriculum reformed by the LMD system. Moreover, analysis of the nursing profession's evolution, both in its historical trajectory and contemporary dynamics, demonstrates the persistence and reproduction of subordination to the medical paradigm, contradicting the principles of care that are central to TPE as a form of care. These paradoxes raise questions about the initial nursing education practices implemented to enable students to develop TPE competencies and lead to an interest in the cultural dynamics underlying these practices. While numerous studies exist on nursing educators' practices, none address TPE teaching or its cultural dimension. This research aims to fill this gap by contributing to the understanding of initial nursing education practices in TPE, focusing on their cultural dimension. To achieve this, we rely on a theoretical foundation combining phenomenology, Dewey's pragmatism, and cultural anthropology. This interdisciplinary approach allows for the exploration of three complementary dimensions: the subjective experiences of educators, how they continuously reconstruct their experience in situ, and the cultural structures underpinning their practices. Methodologically, we employ a triangulation of methods combining 20 semi-structured interviews with a particular focus on experience narratives and 19 interviews utilizing the explicitation techniques developed by Vermersch (1994). Our approach to interpreting empirical data is based on the method of analysis using conceptualizing categories (Paillé & Mucchielli, 2016). The results demonstrate that experiences in care and TPE refine educators' sensory and transactional capacities, allowing them to develop schemas related to care that they reinvest in their educational practices. They illuminate cultural patterns such as a culture of clinical listening and empathy transposed from care, as well as a valorization of experience in all its dimensions. This body of knowledge gives rise to an enacted agency based on a psycho-phenomenological praxis
Moreau, Didier. "La construction de l'éthique professionnelle des enseignants au cours de leur formation et de leur entrée dans le métier : la genèse d'une éthique appliquée de l'éducation". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3005.
Testo completoThis research argues that teachers are building ethics by becoming professionals. The First part analyses what is a moral theory, and explains how these theories are build. Then, the research shows a typology of ethical systems and extracts some elements that are meaningful for ethics of education. Some interviews have been released with teachers in training and novices, some with trainers. The interpretation of data proves that teachers become professionals by building a professional ethic: they turn their personal ethic to a professional one when they make the experience of vulnerability. The professional ethic is a system that uses in solving problems; it consists of three sub-systems: law-as-integrity, ethic of discussion, and hermeneutic ethics, to get a dialogue between communities. The construction of professional ethics is established by the value of the initial project and quality of professional training. The professionnal ethics of teachers is a applied-ethic of education
Cayouette, Annie. "Quand la psychosociologie rencontre le domaine de l'orientation : étude exploratoire de la contribution des apprentissages réalisés dans le cadre de la formation en interactionnisme-stratégique sur le parcours d'insertion socioprofessionnelle des diplômés de la maîtrise en sciences de l'orientation". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27837/27837.pdf.
Testo completoManceau, Delphine. "Rôle des interactions dans la mobilisation de ressources en production d’écrits de français chez les apprenants en formation par alternance de niveau V dans le domaine équin". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20039.
Testo completoThe project of the thesis aims to describe, analyse and understand practices of learners of level V in block release training in the equine domain. Particularly, it is the question of studying deployed resources in transactional situations. These situations will be explored through the lens of complex situations in the equine domain, in which learners need to put together resources promoting the development and acquisition of academic, professional and crosscutting skills. From a heuristic point of view, this work aims at the development of knowledges in the field of the training of young adults in the CFA (vocational training college) and in the socio-cognitive processes of the exploitation of learning resources for the integration of learning. From a pragmatic point of view, this work aims to bring data and empirical elements allowing epistemological advancesin the field of didactics: it confronts two registers of evidence: a statistical register based on the practice of the teacher based on a specific context, thecomplex situation, and a practice-based register leading to the acquisition of anthropological evidence via a clinic of classroom interactions
Coury, Diane. "De l'école au premier emploi : le poids de l'éducation et de l'origine sociale au cours du temps à Antananarivo". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0021.
Testo completoCorbion, Sylviane. "Éducation tout au long de la vie et logiques sociales de formation professionnelle : le cas des enseignants spécialisés du premier degré en charge de l’aide pédagogique aux élèves en grande difficulté scolaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080124.
Testo completoAs a prominent indicator of the French school system's structural problems, France’s public authorities' willingness to take action in order to reduce inequalities in schools and to include all school-going groups finds itself up against school management policies and concrete organizational difficulties. This situation raises the issues of what training and practices teachers have when they are confronted with students' heterogeneity and the multiple contexts in which they practice their profession. This research paper aims to contribute to the study of primary school teachers, especially those in charge of specialized help for students in great difficulty, by shedding light on the social influences involved in professional trajectories and the logic behind training in lifelong learning. It is based on the lessons learned from an observation survey (direct, participatory and peripheral), a follow-up of two groups of teachers in training who were the subjects of a case study and nearly two hundred interviews. Its methodology is original for sociology because it integrates a collection of twenty-five professional real-life stories of specialized teachers. Its data was cross-referenced on content analysis scales using studies and statistics, training programs, reports and official texts. In order to identify its specificity, it seeks to characterize the problems encountered by teachers who will reposition themselves according to their students’ needs (pedagogical, educational, social support). Thus a certain logic of action and training emerges that will exert an influence on the biographical trajectory of the individuals involved
Vidal-Gomel, Christine. "Le développement des compétences pour la gestion des risques professionnels : le domaine de la maintenance des systèmes électriques". Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00096953.
Testo completoDans un premier temps, cinq accidents et un incident d'origine électrique, concernant des électriciens, sont analysés. Ces premières analyses cliniques permettent d'identifier une tâche critique pour la gestion des risques : la mise hors tension. Confrontés à des situations « anormales » au regard des règles de métier, des opérateurs — novices aussi bien expérimentés — n'ont pas été en mesure d'identifier l'échec de la mise hors tension, ce qui a constitué un facteur d'accident. Or, la mise hors tension est un moyen majeur de gestion des risques électriques.
Ces premiers résultats ont orienté notre travail. Nous cherchons à mettre en évidence les compétences requises pour effectuer la tâche critique de mise hors tension et leur mode de développement. Nos résultats contribuent également à l'élaboration d'une situation de simulation transposant des caractéristiques des situations « anormales » pour la mise hors tension.
Vingt-trois opérateurs participent à la simulation. Nous avons constitué quatre groupes en fonction de leur degré d'expérience et du champ de leur expérience : domaine de l'électromécanique ou de la maintenance du réseau de distribution de l'énergie électrique, qui correspond à la tâche de simulation proposée.
Plusieurs dimensions des compétences pour gérer les risques sont identifiées :
— Les modèles opératoires du risque sont composés de classes de situations, de modèles de situations normales et anormales, des concepts pragmatiques de continuité et de sens de distribution de l'énergie.
— Les opérateurs disposent d'un schème d'action multi-instrumentée pour effectuer la mise hors tension. Il est articulé aux modèles opératoires du risque des opérateurs.
— Ils disposent également d'un système d'instruments constitué aussi bien à partir d'artefacts matériels, comme les outils de mesure, que d'artefacts symboliques, comme les règles de sécurité. Ce système est également articulé aux modèles opératoires du risque.
Ces différentes dimensions des compétences se développement en fonction du champ et du degré d'expérience, même si l'expérience n'est pas suffisante pour élaborer les compétences critiques qui caractérisent l'expertise. Ces dimensions sont mieux intégrées au cours du développement, qui n'est pas toujours homogène pour ces différentes dimensions.
Nos résultats contribuent à la réflexion sur le développement des compétences et sur la gestion des risques. Ils conduisent également à proposer des situations didactiques qui favoriseraient mieux le développement des compétences pour la gestion des risques professionnels.
Vrillon, Eléonore. "De l'égalité formelle aux usages réels : déterminants et effets du suivi des MOOC dans les trajectoires socio-professionnelles". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH014/document.
Testo completoEducation and vocational training are central institutions in today’s society. They play an important role in guaranteeing people’s social and professional integration. They are also considered strategic pillars of economic growth in “the knowledge society” (CE, 2000). However, despite their basis in democratic values and principles, there are still many inequalities in access and outcomes in both compulsory academic and vocational education. Moreover, because of the increasing flexibility and insecurity of work in the current labor market, a diploma is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for stable employment. In this context, the rise of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) raises questions about their contribution to the educational aims of equality and efficacy. Based on a mixed-methods approach, this thesis addresses the following research problem: To what extent does the formal equality of MOOC give people equal opportunities to use them, succeed in them, and earn tangible and subjective benefits? The analyses are carried out on data collected from 5709 people enrolled in 12 MOOC on the FUN platform, interviewed again one year later (n=1778), and on 32 interviews. Results show that the use of MOOC seems to reproduce social inequalities in educational access. Indeed, the people who enroll already have high levels of human capital and highly stable and qualified employment; furthermore, they are accustomed to professional training and have intense cultural practices. Rather than acting as a new way to access education and training for underserved people, MOOC seem to be a new resource for privileged individuals, and access to them appears to require implicit prerequisites. However, the typology of MOOC uses shows that even for these people, MOOC can be an additional training opportunity. Mainly used for disinterested purposes, such as “edutainment” or cultural interest, they are also real training and educational supports. Nevertheless, these types of uses are not strongly determined. When achievement and certification are used as indicators to assess the success of these social uses, results show no social inequalities in outcomes. However, at least in the short term, participating in a MOOC does not have any tangible impact on professional careers: Rather, their effects are subjective. Considering the “biographical path” of these people (Bourdon, 2010), I find that they use MOOC both to sustain individual and professional identities and to facilitate social transitions. Instead of competing with the role played by diplomas in France, MOOC seem to be a new “halo” of these educational credentials, participating in the development of the need to acquire skills throughout one’s career and reinforcing the trend towards life-long learning
Odjoussou, Mathias. "La structuration de l'enseignement de l'éducation physique et sportive au Bénin à partir d'un nouveau programme : enjeu d'une mutation ou mutation d'un enjeu". Phd thesis, Rennes 2, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00562412/fr/.
Testo completoIn the formal school education system, Physical Education, like the other disciplines in the system, must conform to certain standards and meet certain requirements. A well-defined structure, endorsed by official instructions linked to education policy normally allows for consistency between theory and practice. Following this functional organization which aims to achieve coherence and stability within the disciplines, there is no denying that the teaching curriculums are the instrument of reference. However, do these measures really guarantee consistency between what is actually taught in the various disciplines ? Considering in particular the transpositive phenomenon and the substitution series of the object of knowledge which originates from it, the question can be asked whether the programme-based structuring of disciplines in general and Physical Education in particular is the only field to take into account when judging the relevance of links between “knowledge to be taught” and “knowledge taught”. The case study, orientated in theory on the basis of a system of references which links curriculum sociology and didactic anthropology, defines the existence and application of a different process in PE teaching structure. By basing it on the structuring of space around the didactic system of the “noosphere” and the organization adopted in that system, leading to considering the functioning of the system along very different lines, the thesis shows how a particular way of determining, positioning and regulating knowledge thaught can be built up and developed according to the background of the teachers as well as of the noospherian space piloting it, the research highlights one of the important sources of resistance to the application of offical curriculums
Odjoussou, Mathias. "La structuration de l'enseignement de l'éducation physique et sportive au Bénin à partir d'un nouveau programme : enjeu d'une mutation ou mutation d'un enjeu". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00562412.
Testo completoGarriga, Cots Ada. "Le droit à l'éducation au sein de l'UE comme droit de l'homme". Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020004.
Testo completoLifelong learning including early childhood, primary, secondary, vocational training, higher education and adult education has become a priority for the UN (ODD 2030, number 4) and for the EU (the driving force behind the 2020 Strategy). The Commission is considering a European Area of Education, with the success of the European Higher Education Area and the European Research Area. The EU has made mobility its goal and the Erasmus + program for thirty years has benefited more than 9 million people. However, what are the rights in the field of education for: students, parents, trainees, and directors of public and private educational institutions, teachers, and other stakeholders of civil society (associations, foundations, companies)? From a legal point of view, EU States must follow the obligations following from the UDHR, the Covenants, the CRC, UNESCO, ILO, WTO, UNICEF, among others. States must meet these obligations among the Universal Periodic Review, and follow the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education. The « acquis communautaire » is shaping the right to education. Among the rights analyzed we find: rights of free movement of persons, services and establishment, workers, non-discrimination on grounds of nationality, and gender equality among others. After the analysis of the international aspect, the European aspect and the human rights aspect (application of the EU Charter of fundamental rights and the ECHR and its jurisprudence), EU citizens have a right to education in the EU as human right «sui generis»
Boet, Sylvain. "Formation par simulation interprofessionnelle à la gestion des ressources de crise au bloc opératoire : une étude de méthodologie mixte". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG016.
Testo completoThis thesis aims at training healthcare teams in life-threatening emergency situations. Our work focuses on innovative simulation techniques for interprofessional teams, and especially its heart: the debriefing. Several studies have shown that debriefing without instructor could be effective for individual learning. But no study has yet explored team debriefing without instructor as a possible approach to improving team performance. However patient care in emergency life-threatening situations is almost always the responsibility of a team. Combining quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, we evaluated the effectiveness and analyzed the content of within-team debriefing without instructor to improve performance of life-threatening emergencies management by interprofessional teams. This work optimizes instructor training, and facilitates diffusion of simulation-based interprofessional training
D'Arrisso, David. "Pressions et stratégies dans la formation professionnelle universitaire : le cas de la formation des directions d’établissement scolaire du Québec (1988-1989 à 2008-2009)". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10219.
Testo completoThe multiplication of university professional training programs (UPTP) has generated some interest in the description of such programs. Their permeability to pressures is often cited as a characteristic of UPTP. Departments that offer UPTP deal with pressures that are both diverse and often contradictory. This phenomenon is well documented in the scientific literature, though said literature does not well inform researchers on how departments respond to these pressures. This doctoral research used various concepts taken from institutional theory (itself a branch of organizational sociology) to analyze the recent evolution of UPTP for educational leadership in the province of Quebec (Canada). This field of training has gone through major changes in the past 25 years. Using an embedded interpretative case study (Yin, 2003), this research studied the evolution of educational leadership training programs in two university departments: the Département d’administration et fondements de l’éducation at Université de Montréal and the Département de gestion de l’éducation et de la formation at Université de Sherbrooke. We analyzed the discourse from the two departments (from 1988-1989 to 2008-2009) and from other organizations involved in educational leadership training in Quebec. We compiled data from three distinct document sources and from a series of interviews (ten per department) conducted with key agents (deans, department chairs, program coordinators). Results show that the two units tend to become isomorphic to their environment. They behave as such as a response to institutional pressures and organizational competition in a changing environment. These changes, often driven by a deeper transformation in the field of school administration, actually help create a more structured organizational field in which demands regarding UPTP for educational leadership were made more explicit. This had observable impacts on the evolution of training programs in both departments, where they went through several changes and were lead to share a ‘logic’ of professionalization, a training ‘archetype’ (a graduate continuing education program with, at its core, a graduate diploma) and some relevant institutional ‘tools’ (widened admissions policies and target student population, enhanced program flexibility, professionalized training activities, and teaching teams with diversified backgrounds). Nevertheless, none of the departments appeared powerless when facing these pressures. Results show that these two units uphold their agency, through a variety of strategies in response to the pressures from the environment. These strategies evolved during the period under scrutiny and seem aimed at managing the ‘institutional pluralism’ that arises from the clash of external pressures (that push towards professionalizing educational leadership development programs) and internal pressures (that push towards a more “academic” model of development). Many of the strategies and tactics described by Oliver (1991) were used, including compromise and manipulation, both of which took more and more place as time went by. The quest for legitimacy seems to have driven the implementation of these strategies, with regards to the multitude of sometimes contradictory pressures. The nature of the institutional entrepreneurship also determines the choice of strategy used by each department. This entrepreneurship is the main driver of the evolution of the UPTP. Results show, however, that this entrepreneurship is both constrained and stimulated by historical institutional choices and, furthermore, by the ‘imprint’ and ‘path dependencies’ created by these choices. These results shed an institutionalist spotlight on the way these two departments reacted to environmental pressures during the period under study. The complex portrait sketched by these results 1) enhances our understanding of this important characteristic of university professional training programs, 2) enhances our understanding of the recent evolution of educational leadership training in Quebec, and 3) confirms the analytical strength of many concepts that stem from institutional theory.
Suleman, Fatima. "La production et valorisation des compétences sur le marché du travail : des approches néo-classiques à l'économie des conventionsA producao e valorizacao das competencias no mercado de Trabalho : das aborgagens neo-classicas a economia das convençoes". Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00005199.
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