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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "DNA"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 19 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "DNA"

Cho, Hyun Kuk, Kyung-Sook Kim, Nam-Ye Kim, Sang-ok Moon e Seung Beom Hong. "The Effect of Female DNA Extracted from Vaginal Fluid on the Detection of Y-STR Profile and the Quantitative Value of Male DNA". Korean Journal of Forensic Science 24, n. 2 (30 novembre 2023): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53051/ksfs.2023.24.2.8.

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Wulansari, Nuring, Mala Nurilmala e N. Nurjanah. "Detection Tuna and Processed Products Based Protein and DNA Barcoding". Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 18, n. 2 (25 agosto 2015): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.2015.18.2.119.

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Bhandari, Deepika. "Touch DNA: Revolutionizing Evidentiary DNA Forensics". International Journal of Forensic Sciences 8, n. 3 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000314.

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Touch DNA is an advanced technique widely employed in modern criminal justice systems in many developed countries. It aims to extract genetic information from biological substances, specifically the cells shed from the outermost layer of skin, that are left behind on touched objects. This method involves recovering trace amounts of DNA from the biological cells released during contact, even though the quantity is usually very low. The recovered DNA is further analyzed to generate a person's DNA profile. Since dead cells are not really visible to the naked eye, successfully locating and recovering them can be challenging. Performing DNA profiling from the samples that are just touched is quite difficult, hence, requires a highly sensitive approach to its proper recovery, extraction, and amplification of the segment. The methods which are used for the collection, sampling procedure, preservation, removal of contaminants, quantification of DNA, the amplifying of the genetic material, and the subsequent analysis and interpretation of the findings all play a role in how well touch DNA analysis works. Various techniques have been created over time to gather touch DNA. Reliable DNA profiles are produced thanks to the use of sophisticated kits, tools, and well-equipped forensic laboratories, which benefit the criminal justice system.

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Fitria, Fitria, R. I. N. K. Retno Triandhini, Jubhar C. Mangimbulude e Ferry Fredy Karwur. "Merokok dan Oksidasi DNA". Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 5, n. 2 (9 dicembre 2013): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sainsmed.v5i2.352.

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Cigarette smoke consists of a mix of chemical substances in the form of gases and dispersed particles. Recently, more than 4000 compounds presented incigarette smoke have been isolated. Most of these compounds are toxic to our bodyâ€™s cells. Toxic gases including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide(HCN), nitrogen oxides, and volatile chemicals such as nitrosamines, formaldehyde are found in in cigarette smoke. besides toxic compounds, cigarettesmoke also containsfree radicalsincluding peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide. These free radicals may accelerate cellular damage due tooxidative stress. Targets od free radical attacks include DNA, protein and lipids. The harmful chemicals in form of gases and volatile substances in cigarettescause multiple genetic mutations. the combination of genetic mutations and DNA damage lead to genetic instability and it may cause cancer. OxidativeDNA damage caused by cigarette smoke can be identified with the presence of 8-oxoguanosine used as one of the biomarkers for oxidative DNA damage.Increased concentration of 8-oxoguanosine in DNA has an important role in carcinogenesis and triggers tumor cells. both active and passive smokers havebeen reported to have an elevated concentration of 8-oxoguanosine in their lung tissue and peripheral leukocytes as well as for passive smokers. This paperprovide informations and understanding of the effects of smoking on the genetic stability, especially in the DNA molecule.

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Panjiasih Susmiarsih, Tri. "Kajian DNA Rekombinan pada Vaksin DNA dan Vaksin Subunit Protein". Majalah Kesehatan Pharmamedika 10, n. 2 (28 gennaio 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33476/mkp.v10i2.730.

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Vaksin telah dikenal sebagai substansi yang digunakan untuk menstimulasi sistem imun. Saat ini, perkembangan vaksin sudah mencapai generasi vaksin DNA dan vaksin subunit protein.Teknologi perancangan vaksin digunakan dalam mengembangkan berbagai jenis vaksin dengan pendekatan biologi molekular yaitu menggunakan teknik DNA rekombinan yang memerlukan sarana vektor, DNA target, enzim restriksi dan ligasi serta sel inang. Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji teknik DNA rekombinan dalam pembuatan vaksin DNA dan vaksin subunit protein.

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Lee, Suk-Hwan, e Ki-Ryong Kwon. "DNA Information Hiding Method for DNA Data Storage". Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 51, n. 10 (25 ottobre 2014): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2014.51.10.118.

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MATSUURA, Kazunori, e Nobuo KIMIZUKA. "DNA Nanocage". Kobunshi 52, n. 3 (2003): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.52.141.

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Okayama, Tsuyoshi, Hiroshi Kitabata e Haruhiko Murase. "DNA Algorithms". Agricultural Information Research 12, n. 1 (2003): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3173/air.12.33.

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Marfuah, Siti, Beivy Jonathan Kolondam e Trina Ekawati Tallei. "Potensi Environmental DNA (e-DNA) Untuk Pemantauan dan Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati". JURNAL BIOS LOGOS 11, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jbl.11.1.2021.31780.

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(Article History: Received January 6, 2021; Revised February 12, 2021; Accepted February 28, 2021) ABSTRAK Hilangnya spesies dan adanya spesies invasif dalam suatu habitat dapat menjadi ancaman bagi spesies asli dalam satu ekosistem. Untuk itu diperlukan teknik terkini yang mampu mendeteksi keberadaan suatu organisme. Salah satu teknik yang dapat mendeteksi organisme target di lingkungan secara cepat dan akurat yaitu environmental DNA (e-DNA).Tujuan dari ulasan artikel ini yaitu untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan e-DNA secara ekogenomik untuk pemantauan dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati. Ulasan artikel ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari berbagai database yang berbasis dalam jaringan. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan pendekatan e-DNA pemantauan dan konsevasi keanekaragaman hayati dapat dideteksi sesuai dengan taksonomi organisme dan penanda molekuler. Penanda molekuler Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mampu mendeteksi berbagai spesies baik langka dan invasif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan e-DNA dapat dijadikan sebagai metode untuk pemantauan dan konsevasi keanekaragaman hayati pada berbagai ekosistem.Kata - kata kunci: environmental DNA; keanekaragaman hayati dan konservasi; penanda molekuler ABSTRACTThe loss of species and the presence of invasive species in a habitat can be a threat to native species in an ecosystem. So we need the latest techniques that are able to detect the presence of an organism. One technique that can detect target organisms in the environment quickly and accurately is environmental DNA (e-DNA). The purpose of this review article is to explore the ecogenomic ability of e-DNA for monitoring and conservation of biodiversity. This article reviews using secondary data obtained from various network-based databases. The results of the analysis show that by using the e-DNA approach, monitoring and conservation of biological diversity can be detected according to the taxonomy of organisms and molecular markers. Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) molecular markers are capable of detecting a variety of both rare and invasive species. Thus it can be concluded that the e-DNA approach can be used as a method for monitoring and conservation of biological diversity in various ecosystems.Keywords: environmental DNA; biodiversity and conservation; molecular markers

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Nuraeny, Nanan, Dzulfikal DL Hakim, Fransisca S. Susilaningsih e Dewi MD Herawati. "Metilasi DNA dan Mukosa Mulut". SRIWIJAYA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2, n. 2 (16 aprile 2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/sjm.v2i2.63.

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Pengaruh lingkungan eksternal pada gen manusia akan berpengaruh pada patogenesis penyakit, dan hal ini dapat diturunkan. Studi tentang perubahan gen fenotip yang diwariskan yang tidak disebabkan oleh perubahan urutan DNA disebut epigenetik. Salah satu mekanisme epigenetik adalah metilasi DNA yang penting dalam mengatur ekspresi gen. Ulasan ini akan menjelaskan studi tentang metilasi DNA pada mukosa mulut. Metode pencarian sistematis Google Scholar dan Pubmed dilakukan untuk semua studi dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil pencarian mendapatkan sebanyak tujuh artikel dengan ukuran sampel yang bervariasi, 16 hingga 177 sampel, sebagian besar studi kasus-kontrol padaoral premalignan lesions (OPL), oral lichenoid disease (OLD), mucositis oral pada acute lymphoblactic leukemia (ALL), dan oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Metilasi DNA pada kanker mulut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hipermetilasi beberapa gen, walaupun status metilasi DNA dalam beberapa kasus belum menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara gen yang diperiksa. Hasil penelitian lain menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada korelasi antara metilasi DNA dan perkembangan mukositis oral pada ALL yang menerima terapi metotreksat (MTX). Mekanisme metilasi DNA pada sel malignanadalah dengan menambahkan gugus metil ke sitosin dinukleotida di CpG (cytosine phosphate guanine) pada daerah promoter oleh enzim DNA methyltransferase sehingga dapat menghambat ekspresi beberapa gen terkait pertumbuhan sel, perbaikan DNA, dan penghambat metastasis. Metilasi DNA adalah biomarker penting dalam perkembangan penyakit mukosa mulut.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "DNA"

Lo, Allen Tak Yiu. "Protein dynamics on the lagging strand during DNA synthesis". Thesis, School of Chemistry, 2012. https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3684.

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DNA replication is one of the vital processes in the cell; it duplicates chromosomal DNA before a cell divides. In all organisms, DNA synthesis on the leading-strand template occurs continuously, whereas on the lagging strand a different mechanism is required. Due to the anti-parallel structure of double-stranded DNA, lagging-strand synthesis requires repeated RNA priming by a specialist primase and synthesis of short Okazaki fragments. How proteins carry out this dynamic process is still unknown. For Escherichia coli DNA replication, a lagging-strand three-point switch was proposed in 1999 to explain priming by DnaG primase while it is associated with the DnaB6 helicase, and its subsequent hand-off from the primer to the χ subunit of DNA polymerase III holenzyme to enable primer utilization for Okazaki fragment synthesis. The main aims of this project were to study the interactions involved in this switch to understand better how the proteins coordinate their roles during lagging-strand DNA synthesis.

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Martin, Eleyna. "Initiation of DNA replication in Bacillus subtilis : structural studies of the DnaA-DnaD interaction". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/53443/.

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Replication of genetic information is a vital process across all domains of life. Bacillus subtilis is considered the gram-positive model bacterium for studying DNA replication (Escherichia coli has been studied extensively as the gram-negative model) and is most representative of the ancestral phylum of prokaryotes. DNA replication has three distinct stages; initiation, elongation and termination. Replication initiation is the focus of this research and this process occurs at a single origin conserved throughout bacteria, termed oriC. B. subtilis primosomal machinery is formed of replication initiator proteins DnaA, DnaD and DnaB, the helicase loader DnaI, replicative helicase DnaC and primase DnaG. The role of the initiator proteins is to melt the DNA double helix and enable loading of the hexameric ring helicase onto each strand of DNA for bidirectional replication. Initiation is the first stage in DNA replication and despite its importance the molecular mechanisms of replication initiation remain largely unclear. The work presented in this thesis has focussed on the essential interaction between replication initiator proteins DnaA and DnaD, with an aim to characterise their binding interface and reveal molecular details of their mechanisms of interaction during DNA replication initiation. The direct interaction between isolated DnaA domain I and DnaD DDBH2 domain was detected by NMR spectroscopy which was subsequently used to identify the specific residues involved and characterise the nature of the binding interface. The kinetics of the interaction were investigated by SPR and computational techniques were used to model the DnaA-DnaD complex. This structural characterisation of the DnaA-DnaD interaction provides greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms of DnaA and DnaD during DNA replication initiation.

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Komori, Hirofumi. "Structural studies on DNA-binding proteins : DNA replication initiator and DNA photolyase". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150005.

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Bandholtz, Lisa Charlotta. "DNA vaccines and bacterial DNA in immunity /". Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-340-6/.

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Richardson, James Alistair. "Novel DNA probes for sensitive DNA detection". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/173981/.

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The ability to detect and interrogate DNA sequences allows further understanding and diagnosis of genetic disease. The ability to perform such analysis of genetic material requires highly selective and reliable technologies. Furthermore techniques which can use simple and cheap equipment allow the use of such technologies for point of care analysis. Described in this thesis are two novel DNA probe systems designed for mutation discrimination and sequence recognition of PCR products. A homogenous PCR system using HyBeacons® which utilise FRET to produce a three probe multiplex system and surface enhanced Raman detection method. Both of these systems allow multiplex detection of PCR products and mutation discrimination by melting temperature analysis. The research reported includes investigations into the effects of different modifications to improve the performance of HyBeacon® probes as well as the effect of different dyes in a FRET system, including unique changes in the optical properties of such dyes. Also a novel method of performing melting temperature analysis using an electrochemical potential is reported. In addition to the detection methods described this thesis includes initial work into the stabilisation of quantum dot nanoparticles for their use in aqueous systems as a potential alternative to fluorescent organic molecules.

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Boal, Amie Kathleen Parker Carl Stevens Barton Jacqueline K. "DNA-mediated charge transport in DNA repair /". Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2008. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06022008-092549.

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Lo, Pik Kwan Peggy. "Supramolecular DNA chemistry: assembly of DNA nanotubes and templated synthesis of DNA-mimetic polymers". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95152.

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DNA has emerged as a promising template for the programmable assembly of structures on the nanometer scale. In particular, DNA nanotubes hold promise for a number of biological and materials applications, because of their high aspect ratio and encapsulation potential. Current construction methods result in symmetrical and cylindrical assemblies that are totally double-stranded, and are long and polydisperse. In order to investigate DNA nanotubes for applications as well-defined molecular hosts and one-dimensional templates, better control over their geometry, stiffness and porosity, ability to encapsulate and length needs to be achieved. Specifically, the first section of this thesis will describe (a) a modular approach to construct DNA nanotubes of geometrically well-defined triangular and square-shapes, which can exist in either double- and single-stranded forms with different stiffnesses, (b) the construction of DNA nanotubes with longitudinal variation by alternating larger and smaller capsules along the tube length, the encapsulation of guest molecules within these DNA nanotubes as well as their selective release with externally added DNA strands, (c) the use of a DNA-templated approach to produce nanotubes with controlled pre-determined lengths of 1 μm, and 500 nm and narrow length distributions, and the encapsulation of gold nanoparticles within these well-defined nanotubes to form finite lines of gold nanoparticles with longitudinal plasmon coupling. While DNA is a very promising construction material, it suffers from serious drawbacks for practical applications in materials science and biology. DNA is difficult and expensive to obtain in large quantities, and has limited long-term stability. On the other hand, synthetic polymers are routinely used as building blocks for nanostructured materials, with multiple applications in areas ranging from optics and data storage, to separation science and biology. Thus, an important challenge is the creation of
L'ADN s'est récemment manifesté comme un matériau prometteur pour l'assemblage programmable de structures à l'échelle nanométrique. En particulier, les nanotubes d'ADN sont intéressants pour leurs applications en science des matériaux et en biologie, en raison de leur aspect linéaire et leur potentiel d'encapsulation. Les méthodes courantes de leur synthèse produisent des assemblées symétriques et cylindriques totalement constituées de doubles brins d'ADN longs et polydisperses. Afin d'examiner les nanotubes d'ADN pour leurs applications comme des hôtes moléculaires à structure bien-définie et comme modèles unidimensionnels, des méthodes de synthèse qui mènent à un plus haut niveau de contrôle de leur géométrie, rigidité, porosité, capacité d'encapsulation et longueur doivent être développées. Plus précisément, la première section de cette thèse décrira (a) une approche modulaire pour construire des nanotubes d'ADN géométriquement bien définis, triangulaires ou carrés, et pouvant exister en formes d'ADN double-brin ou brin simple avec des différences de rigidité, (b) la construction des nanotubes d'ADN avec une variation longitudinale, en alternant les grandes et les petites capsules le long du tube, et l'encapsulation de matériaux invités au sein de ces nanotubes d'ADN, ainsi que leur libération sélective sous l'action de brins d'ADN externes ajoutés, (c) l'utilisation de l'approche d'un modèle d'ADN pour produire des nanotubes avec des longueurs contrôlées et prédéterminées de 1 µm ou de 500 nm et des distributions de longueurs étroites, et l'encapsulation de nanoparticules d'or au sein de ces nanotubes bien définis pour former des lignes de longueurs bien définies de nanoparticules d'or avec un couplage plasmonique longitudinal. Bien que l'ADN soit une molécule très intéressante pour l'auto-assemblage de structures, son utilisation comme un outil dans les applications pratiques en science des maté

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Araki, Kasumi. "Dual roles for DNA polymerase η in homologous DNA recombination and translesion DNA synthesis". Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/143860.

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CRISTOFALO, MATTEO. "Nanomechanics of DNA and DNA-ligand interactions: focus on structural polymorphism and DNA condensation". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241313.

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In the last few decades, the constant development of novel microscopy techniques have created the basis for a new paradigm in the field of biophysics. Single-molecule techniques enabled to carry out experiments providing new information: the nanomanipulation of individual biomolecules revealed unknown insights into the elasticity and mechanics of molecules, improving the understanding of the fundamental relation between structural properties and biological functions. In particular, an AFM and mostly a MT setup were used during this thesis work, both located in biophysics laboratory of Prof. Francesco Mantegazza, at the University of Milano-Bicocca. Similar issues were encountered at the cellular level, because bulk experiments of conventional microscopy techniques provide information on average only, without taking into account the intrinsic biological heterogeneity. Recent developments in microfluidics enabled to follow individual cells over a long time and under controlled conditions. During the last part of this thesis project I used one of these microfluidic devices to perform time-lapse microscopy experiments at the single-cell level. These experiments were carried out during a visiting period of seven months in Prof. Pietro Cicuta’s laboratory, in Cavendish laboratory at University of Cambridge. In this thesis I dealt with three main research topics: • DNA structural polymorphism • nanomechanics of DNA-ligand interactions • the dual role of H-NS protein: DNA condensation and gene regulation The study of the conformational changes of DNA, namely the property of structural polymorphism, is addressed during two projects: one about the nanomechanics of a DNA analogue and another concerning the behavior of DNA at high supercoiling. The study of a DNA analogue enables to observe how a chemical modification of nucleotides can induce structural re- arrangements of the double-helix, biasing towards an A-like-form of DNA. The regimes of high supercoiling, both positive and negative supercoiling, show instead how an applied torsion at a certain forces can promote the formation of plectonemes or denaturation bubbles, which are conditions that favor particular structural transitions. The second major theme concerns the analysis of the nanomechanics of DNA-ligand complexes, particularly the interactions of DNA with anticancer drugs or with the H-NS protein and the crowding agent PEG. The project about the interactions between DNA and drugs clearly shows how the mechanical properties and the stability of DNA change due to the binding with compounds commonly used in clinics to treat tumors. On the other hand, the H-NS protein forms relatively stable DNA loops and influences the stability of the double helix, as well as the crowding agent. The protein binding mechanism has a preference for some DNA sequences and an unexpected concentration-dependent behavior. The analysis of the the DNA-H-NS interactions also enables, particularly in crowding conditions, to better understand the mechanism of DNA condensation inside the cell, one of the biological roles of H-NS. The second important function of this NAP is the gene regulation. To investigate the dual role of H-NS in great detail two complementary techniques have been combined. The nanoma- nipulation technique is employed to observe the structural role of H-NS and its combined activity with a crowding agent leading to a clear and abrupt compaction of DNA. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is instead used to study the regulatory role of the protein, more precisely the gene silencing mechanism, at the single-cell level. This activity has also a strong influence in the cell physiology, by significantly changing the growth rate of bacteria.
In the last few decades, the constant development of novel microscopy techniques have created the basis for a new paradigm in the field of biophysics. Single-molecule techniques enabled to carry out experiments providing new information: the nanomanipulation of individual biomolecules revealed unknown insights into the elasticity and mechanics of molecules, improving the understanding of the fundamental relation between structural properties and biological functions. In particular, an AFM and mostly a MT setup were used during this thesis work, both located in biophysics laboratory of Prof. Francesco Mantegazza, at the University of Milano-Bicocca. Similar issues were encountered at the cellular level, because bulk experiments of conventional microscopy techniques provide information on average only, without taking into account the intrinsic biological heterogeneity. Recent developments in microfluidics enabled to follow individual cells over a long time and under controlled conditions. During the last part of this thesis project I used one of these microfluidic devices to perform time-lapse microscopy experiments at the single-cell level. These experiments were carried out during a visiting period of seven months in Prof. Pietro Cicuta’s laboratory, in Cavendish laboratory at University of Cambridge. In this thesis I dealt with three main research topics: • DNA structural polymorphism • nanomechanics of DNA-ligand interactions • the dual role of H-NS protein: DNA condensation and gene regulation The study of the conformational changes of DNA, namely the property of structural polymorphism, is addressed during two projects: one about the nanomechanics of a DNA analogue and another concerning the behavior of DNA at high supercoiling. The study of a DNA analogue enables to observe how a chemical modification of nucleotides can induce structural re- arrangements of the double-helix, biasing towards an A-like-form of DNA. The regimes of high supercoiling, both positive and negative supercoiling, show instead how an applied torsion at a certain forces can promote the formation of plectonemes or denaturation bubbles, which are conditions that favor particular structural transitions. The second major theme concerns the analysis of the nanomechanics of DNA-ligand complexes, particularly the interactions of DNA with anticancer drugs or with the H-NS protein and the crowding agent PEG. The project about the interactions between DNA and drugs clearly shows how the mechanical properties and the stability of DNA change due to the binding with compounds commonly used in clinics to treat tumors. On the other hand, the H-NS protein forms relatively stable DNA loops and influences the stability of the double helix, as well as the crowding agent. The protein binding mechanism has a preference for some DNA sequences and an unexpected concentration-dependent behavior. The analysis of the the DNA-H-NS interactions also enables, particularly in crowding conditions, to better understand the mechanism of DNA condensation inside the cell, one of the biological roles of H-NS. The second important function of this NAP is the gene regulation. To investigate the dual role of H-NS in great detail two complementary techniques have been combined. The nanoma- nipulation technique is employed to observe the structural role of H-NS and its combined activity with a crowding agent leading to a clear and abrupt compaction of DNA. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is instead used to study the regulatory role of the protein, more precisely the gene silencing mechanism, at the single-cell level. This activity has also a strong influence in the cell physiology, by significantly changing the growth rate of bacteria.

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Grundström, Malin. "DNA : Att tillvarata DNA på ett rättssäkert sätt". Thesis, Umeå University, Basic training programme for Police Officers, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-27188.

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Syftet med arbetet är att belysa problematiken kring DNA som ett bevisinstrument, hur de olika analysformerna går till samt att påvisa vikten av att även polispersonal i yttre tjänst förstår hur och varför det är så viktigt att det tillvaratas på rätt sätt. Det finns mycket litteratur om DNA och jag har försökt begränsa mitt material till de delar som kan intressera poliser. Jag har även försökt att förklara DNA på ett så lätt sätt som möjligt för att den som inte är så bevandrad i biologi skall kunna förstå ett ändå mycket komplext ämne. Företrädelsevis har jag använt mig av skriftlig litteratur i form av handböcker för kriminaltekniker, föreläsningsanteckningar från Rättsmedicin för Jurister och sökningar på Internet ex. SKL’s hemsida. I arbetet har jag först gått igenom bakgrunden rent historiskt kring DNA, från första upptäckten av hur egenskaper ärvs 1865 till modern tid då DNA används som bevis i rättegångar. Resultatet har jag redovisat som ett fingerat ”case” där jag låtit huvudpersonerna agera utifrån vad man ska tänka på när man säkrar DNA-spår och låtit dem följa hela kedjan ända till analyssvar och sedermera en dom i tingsrätten. Eftersom DNA är ett mycket känsligt spår är det viktigt att det tillvaratas på rätt sätt för att det inte skall kontamineras (dvs. smittas av spårsäkrarens eget DNA) och även förstöras. Detta för att kunna säkra att rätt person döms för brottet.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "DNA"

D, Knudsen Walter, e Bruns Sam S, a cura di. Bacterial DNA, DNA polymerase, and DNA helicases. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science, 2009.

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B, Silverstein Virginia, e Nunn Laura Silverstein, a cura di. DNA. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, 2009.

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D, Watson James. Dna. London: Random House Publishing Group, 2008.

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Silverstein, Alvin. DNA. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, 2009.

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Hyde, Natalie. DNA. New York: Crabtree Pub., 2010.

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Hyde, Natalie. DNA. New York: Crabtree Pub., 2010.

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Silverstein, Alvin. DNA. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, 2009.

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Hyde, Natalie. DNA. St. Catharines, Ont: Crabtree Pub., 2010.

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Epplen, Jörg T., e Thomas Lubjuhn, a cura di. DNA Profiling and DNA Fingerprinting. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7582-0.

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Anthony, Maxwell, a cura di. DNA topology. Oxford: IRL Press at Oxford University Press, 1993.

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Più fonti

Capitoli di libri sul tema "DNA"

Ma, Zhipeng, Young-Joo Kim, Do-Nyun Kim e Osamu Tabata. "DNA-DNA origami". In Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36199-9_321-1.

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Gotoh, Masanori, e Mariko Tosu. "DNA-DNA Interactions". In Real-Time Analysis of Biomolecular Interactions, 141–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66970-8_15.

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Ma, Zhipeng, Young-Joo Kim, Do-Nyun Kim e Osamu Tabata. "DNA-DNA Origami". In Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials, 589–603. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29648-2_321.

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Schomburg, Dietmar, e Dörte Stephan. "DNA-directed DNA polymerase". In Enzyme Handbook, 493–508. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59025-2_92.

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Neyfakh, A. A., e M. Ya Timofeeva. "DNA". In Molecular biology of development, 7–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5370-4_1.

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Plavec, Janez. "DNA". In NMR of Biomolecules, 96–116. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527644506.ch5.

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Rice, Peter M., Keith Elliston e Michael Gribskov. "DNA". In Sequence Analysis Primer, 1–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21355-9_1.

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Gooch, Jan W. "DNA". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 238. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_3897.

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Perkins, Edward L. "DNA". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 690–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_243.

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Upchurch Sweeney, C. Renn, J. Rick Turner, J. Rick Turner, Chad Barrett, Ana Victoria Soto, William Whang, Carolyn Korbel et al. "DNA". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 620–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_243.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "DNA"

Baldi, P. F., e R. H. Lathrop. "DNA Structure, Protein-DNA Interactions, and DNA-Protein Expression". In Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814447362_0011.

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Lee, Byung Chul, Chanmin Kang, Jinsik Kim, Ji Yoon Kang, Hyun-Joon Shin e Sang-Youp Lee. "Electrically Tethered DNA Stretching in Nanochannels". In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10986.

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In present study, stretching dynamics of electrically tethered λ-DNA (48.5kbp) in SiO2 nanochannels has been investigated. At high electrical fields (above 20kV/m), elongations of electrically tethered DNA molecules were observed. At high E-fields, DNAs were tethered in nanochannels and were spontaneously elongated along the nanochannels up to about 90 percent of its contour length. With E-field turned off, the measured relaxation time was about 10 sec from stretching with 20kV/m. In current study, observed behaviors of DNA molecules in nanochannels were explained by field-induced dielectrophoretic DNA trap due to the particular cross-sectional geometry of nanochannels. Also the elongation ratio between 20kV/m and 60kV/m cases and the effect of E-field distribution in the transverse plane on field-induced dielectrophoretic tethering force are discussed based on “worm-like chain” model. The FEM simulation was done to verify induced dielectrophoretic tethering force into the nanohorn.

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Shahzad, M., Nazish Alia e Sadaf Mahmood. "DNA Innovate: Visualizing DNA sequences". In 2009 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icict.2009.5267200.

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Brown, Ian, Lisa Harris e Wendy Hall. "DNA". In WebSci '15: ACM Web Science Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2786451.2786511.

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Sabanayagam, Chandran R., Cristin Berkey, Uri Lavi, Charles R. Cantor e Cassandra L. Smith. "Molecular DNA switches and DNA chips". In BiOS '99 International Biomedical Optics Symposium, a cura di Mauro Ferrari. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.350049.

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Nishioka, Yuki, Kentaro Doi e Satoyuki Kawano. "Development of an Electron Scattering Model to Detect Differences in DNA Base Molecules". In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-36031.

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In recent, novel technologies which apply bio-macromolecules to bio-nanodevices attract much attention. Particularly, DNAs have several desirable characteristics: complementary base pairs, self assembly, and electric conductivity. It is expected that high-speed DNA sequencers can be developed by using these specific characteristics of DNAs. In the present study, we develop a theoretical model to analyze the difference of DNA base molecules, in which electron scattering is simulated based on classical electrodynamics and scattering angles are evaluated. Consequently, it is found that scattering angles of the scattered electrons are clearly different from each other.

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Raghavan, Sunitha, D. Roy Maahapatra e Arnab Samanta. "Modeling and Simulation of Hydrodynamic Interaction of DNA in a Micro-Fluidic Channel". In ASME 2013 2nd Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2013-93127.

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The motion of DNA (in the bulk solution) and the non-Newtonian effective fluid behavior are considered separately and self-consistently with the fluid motion satisfying the no-slip boundary condition on the surface of the confining geometry in the presence of channel pressure gradients. A different approach has been developed to model DNA in the micro-channel. In this study the DNA is assumed as an elastic chain with its characteristic Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and density. The force which results from the fluid dynamic pressure, viscous forces and electromotive forces is applied to the elastic chain in a coupled manner. The velocity fields in the micro-channel are influenced by the transport properties. Simulations are carried out for the DNAs attached to the micro-fluidic wall. Numerical solutions based on a coupled multiphysics finite element scheme are presented. The modeling scheme is derived based on mass conservation including biomolecular mass, momentum balance including stress due to Coulomb force field and DNA-fluid interaction, and charge transport associated to DNA and other ionic complexes in the fluid. Variation in the velocity field for the non-Newtonian flow and the deformation of the DNA strand which results from the fluid-structure interaction are first studied considering a single DNA strand. Motion of the effective center of mass is analyzed considering various straight and coil geometries. Effects of DNA statistical parameters (geometry and spatial distribution of DNAs along the channel) on the effective flow behavior are analyzed. In particular, the dynamics of different DNA physical properties such as radius of gyration, end-to-end length etc. which are obtained from various different models (Kratky-Porod, Gaussian bead-spring etc.) are correlated to the nature of interaction and physical properties under the same background fluid environment.

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Yong-Sung Choi, Young-Soo Kwon e Kyung-Sup Lee. "Electrochemical DNA detecton using indicator-free target DNA on a DNA chip". In 2006 IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nmdc.2006.4388758.

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Zhang, Yunpeng, Dafang Zhang, Peng Sun e Feng Guo. "DNA Sequencing Puzzle Based DNA Cryptography Algorithm". In Modelling, Simulation and Identification / 854: Intelligent Systems and Control. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2017.853-022.

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Eikje, Natalja Skrebova. "DNA-RNA, DNA-DNA, DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions in diagnosis of skin cancers by FT-IR microspectroscopy". In SPIE BiOS. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.874692.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "DNA"

Lewis, Nate, e Peter Weinberger. DNA Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada301695.

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Frasch, Wayne D. DNA Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada480858.

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Viguera Mínguez, Enrique. Secuencias de DNA repetidas: ¿Quién dijo DNA basura? Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), ottobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rpc.2012.10.1.

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Shi, Yun-bo. Photochemistry of psoralen-DNA adducts, biological effects of psoralen-DNA adducts, applications of psoralen-DNA photochemistry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5069947.

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WERNER-WASHBURNE, MARGARET, e GEORGE S. DAVIDSON. DNA Microarray Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/791894.

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Sterling, Rogena, Maui Hudson e Libby Liggins. DNA information sheet. Te Kotahi Research Institute, agosto 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/i56.28919.

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Anderson, C. W., M. A. Connelly, H. Zhang, J. A. Sipley, S. P. Lees-Miller, L. G. Lintott, Kazuyasu Sakaguchi e E. Appella. The human DNA-activated protein kinase, DNA-PK: Substrate specificity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/113929.

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Phoebe L. Stewart. Cryo-EM Imaging of DNA-PK DNA Damage Repair Complexes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841088.

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James, Conrad D., e Mark Steven Derzon. Binary electrokinetic separation of target DNA from background DNA primers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/876396.

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Macula, Anthony, e Morgan Bishop. Superimposed Code Theoretic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada477311.

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