Articoli di riviste: "Dinitrogen"

1

KEMSLEY, JYLLIAN. "MAKING DINITROGEN". Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, n. 41 (10 ottobre 2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n041.p010a.

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Wentrup, Curt, Stephan Fischer, Andre Maquestiau e Robert Flammang. "Dinitrogen sulfide". Journal of Organic Chemistry 51, n. 10 (maggio 1986): 1908–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00360a051.

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3

Crossland, Justin L., e David R. Tyler. "Iron–dinitrogen coordination chemistry: Dinitrogen activation and reactivity". Coordination Chemistry Reviews 254, n. 17-18 (settembre 2010): 1883–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2010.01.005.

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4

Waterman, Rory, e Gregory L. Hillhouse. "Synthesis and structure of a terminal dinitrogen complex of nickel". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, n. 4 (1 aprile 2005): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-011.

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Reaction of petroleum ether solutions of [(dtbpe)Ni]2(η2,µ-C6H6) (1, dtbpe = 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ethane) with triphenylphosphine under a dinitrogen atmosphere gives the Ni(0) dinitrogen adduct (dtbpe)Ni(N2)(PPh3) (2), which can be isolated as dark red crystals in 87% yield. The X-ray crystal structure of 2 reveals pseudotetrahedral geometry about Ni and a terminal dinitrogen ligand with NiN(1) = 1.830(2) Å, N(1)N(2) = 1.112(2) Å, and Ni-N(1)-N(2) = 177.5(2)°. Key words: dinitrogen, nickel, X-ray.

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Evans, William J., e David S. Lee. "Early developments in lanthanide-based dinitrogen reduction chemistry". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, n. 4 (1 aprile 2005): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-014.

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Although the first crystallographically characterized lanthanide dinitrogen complex was reported in 1988 with samarium, it is only in recent years that this field has expanded to include fully characterized examples for the entire series of lanthanides. The development of lanthanide dinitrogen chemistry has been aided by a series of unexpected results that present some good lessons in the development of science. This review presents a chronological account of the lanthanide dinitrogen chemistry discovered in our laboratory through the summer of 2004.Key words: lanthanides, dinitrogen, reduction, alkali metal, nitrogen fixation, diazenido.

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Hidai, Masanobu, e Yasushi Mizobe. "Chemical nitrogen fixation by using molybdenum and tungsten complexes". Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, n. 2 (1 gennaio 2001): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173020261.

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Dinitrogen complex cis-[W (N2) 2 (PMe2Ph) 4] reacts with an excess of acidic dihydrogen complexes such as trans-[RuCl (h2-H2) (dppe) 2]BF4 (dppe = 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane) at 55 °C under 1 atm of H2 to form ammonia in moderate yield. The reaction is presumed to proceed through nucleophilic attack of the remote nitrogen of the coordinated dinitrogen on the dihydrogen ligand. The coordinated dinitrogen is also protonated by treatment with hydrosulfido-bridged dinuclear complexes such as [Cp*Ir (m-SH) 3IrCp*]Cl (Cp* = h5-C5Me5) to afford ammonia. On the other hand, the synthetic cycle for the formation of pyrrole and N-aminopyrrole from dinitrogen and 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran has been established starting from dinitrogen complexes of the type trans-[M (N2) 2 (dppe) 2 ] (M = Mo, W).

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7

Cheng, Qianyi, Maura C. Washington, Joseph E. Burns, Ryan C. Fortenberry e Nathan J. DeYonker. "Spectroscopic study of magnesium dinitrogen and sodium dinitrogen cation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, n. 4 (3 settembre 2020): 5417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2646.

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ABSTRACT Despite its likely importance in astrochemistry, pure rotational spectra are not observable for gas-phase N2 since this molecule has no permanent dipole moment. Complexation of monomeric N2 with a cationic metal (MN2+) may be kinetically and thermodynamically favourable, and the detection of such MN2+ molecules could be useful tracers of N2 in order to probe its abundance and kinetics. Highly accurate quartic force field methods have been applied here to compute rotational and vibrational spectroscopic properties of the NaN2+ and MgN2+ molecules via a coupled cluster-based composite approach with additional corrections for post-CCSD(T) electron correlation and relativistic effects. The relative energies of various isomers have also been computed and show that both NaN2+ and MgN2+ have linear ground electronic states. At the highest level of theory, rotational constants (B0) of 4086.9 and 4106.0 MHz are predicted for NaN2+ and MgN2+, respectively, with dipole moments of 6.92 and 4.34 D, respectively, making them rotationally observable even at low concentrations. Post-CCSD(T) electron correlation corrections lower the N–N stretching frequency while relativistic corrections have a much smaller effect putting the fundamental frequencies at 2333.7 and 2313.6 cm−1, respective of NaN2+ and MgN2+ slightly above that in N2H+. Additive corrections do not significantly change the other two vibrational modes. An anharmonic, zero-point corrected N2 dissociation energy of 7.3 and 7.0 kcal mol−1 is, respectively, reported for NaN2+ and MgN2+ suggesting possible formation of these molecules in protoplanetary discs or planetary nebulae that are metal- and nitrogen-rich.

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Connor, Gannon P., Nicholas Lease, Andrea Casuras, Alan S. Goldman, Patrick L. Holland e James M. Mayer. "Protonation and electrochemical reduction of rhodium– and iridium–dinitrogen complexes in organic solution". Dalton Trans. 46, n. 41 (2017): 14325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt03476h.

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9

Yeston, Jake. "Calcium catches dinitrogen". Science 371, n. 6534 (11 marzo 2021): 1117.8–1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.371.6534.1117-h.

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Bethany Halford. "Calcium captures dinitrogen". C&EN Global Enterprise 99, n. 9 (15 marzo 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09909-leadcon.

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11

Szuromi, P. D. "CHEMISTRY: Attacking Dinitrogen". Science 292, n. 5516 (20 aprile 2001): 399a—399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.292.5516.399a.

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12

Schrock, R. R. "Reduction of dinitrogen". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, n. 46 (6 novembre 2006): 17087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0603633103.

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13

ZURER, PAMELA. "METAL-DINITROGEN COMPLEXES". Chemical & Engineering News 75, n. 10 (10 marzo 1997): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n010.p009.

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14

Marsh, Richard E., Marilyn M. Olmstead, William P. Schaefer e Verner Schomaker. "Dinitrogen or dichloromethane?" Inorganic Chemistry 32, n. 21 (ottobre 1993): 4658–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00073a033.

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15

Shiri, Morteza. "Dinitrogen Tetroxide: N2O4". Synlett 2006, n. 11 (luglio 2006): 1789–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-944218.

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16

Katayama, Akira, Takehiro Ohta, Yuko Wasada‐Tsutsui, Tomohiko Inomata, Tomohiro Ozawa, Takashi Ogura e Hideki Masuda. "Dinitrogen‐Molybdenum Complex Induces Dinitrogen Cleavage by One‐Electron Oxidation". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58, n. 33 (12 agosto 2019): 11279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201905299.

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17

He, P., K. P. Bader e G. H. Schmid. "Mass Spectrometric Analysis of N2-Formation Induced by the Oxidation of Hydrazine and Hydroxylamine in Flash Illuminated Thylakoid Preparations of the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria chalybea". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, n. 7-8 (1 agosto 1991): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-7-820.

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In tobacco chloroplasts hydrazine-dependent dinitrogen formation measured by mass spectrometry as the consequence of short saturating light flashes is always linked to a substantial oxygen uptake (G. Renger, K. P. Bader, and G. H. Schmid, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1015, 288, 1990). However, in thylakoids of the filamentous cyanobacterium Oscillatoria chalybea this dinitrogen formation is not linked to an apparent O2-uptake, even at the high concentration of 1 mм hydrazine. Whereas in tobacco chloroplasts Tris-treatment does not affect hydrazine dependent dinitrogen formation up to a concentration of 3 mм hydrazine, Tris-treatment of thylakoids of O. chalybea affects strongly both oxygen evolution and dinitrogen evolution under a single turnover flash as well as under ten flashes. In contrast to tobacco chloroplasts, the presence of hydrazine up to concentrations of 3 mм does not substantially affect photosynthetic O2-evolution. The observed dinitrogen evolution is affected by DCMU regardless whether induced by a single turnover flash or by ten flashes, whereas in tobacco dinitrogen evolution and the O2-uptake linked to it (which is not observed in the cyanobacterium) were clearly not affected by DCMU in the single turnover flash. In Oscillatoria the earlier described Photosystem II-mediated H2O2 formation and decomposition is influenced by hydrazine. In the presence of 300 μм hydrazine the usually present O2-uptake leading to H2O2 formation appears diminished.

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18

Murphy, KM, IC Mac Rae e DS Teakle. "Nitrogenase Activity in the Queensland Fruit Fly, Dacus tryoni". Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 41, n. 4 (1988): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9880447.

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When 5-day-old laboratory-raised Queensland fruit flies (Dacus tryoni) were fed a dinitrogen-fixing bacterial strain of Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from the crop of a wild fly, acetylene reduction (nitrogenase) activity associated with the flies was detected after 2 to 3 days and persisted for at least 22 days. Flies not fed the dinitrogen-fixing strain were negative for acetylene reduction until 21 days after emergence. Presumably such dinitrogen-fixing bacteria are able to supply some Queensland fruit flies with a small part of their nitrogen requirements, but its importance is unknown.

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19

Chang, Guoliang, Peng Zhang, Wenjing Yang, Yanhong Dong, Shangqing Xie, Hongjian Sun, Xiaoyan Li, Olaf Fuhr e Dieter Fenske. "Synthesis of silyl iron dinitrogen complexes for activation of dihydrogen and catalytic silylation of dinitrogen". Dalton Transactions 50, n. 47 (2021): 17594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt02832d.

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[P,Si] chelate hydrido iron dinitrogen complex 3 obtained from reaction of preligand L3 with Fe(PMe3)4 reacted with dihydrogen to deliver iron dihydride 7. Complex 3 is an efficient catalyst for silylation of dinitrogen with KC8 as a reductant.

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20

Leigh, G. J. "Bert Allen and the first complex of dinitrogen". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, n. 4 (1 aprile 2005): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-056.

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A personal account is given of the effect that the report of the first dinitrogen complex by Allen and Senoff in 1965 had on people who were working in this area of nitrogen fixation.Key words: history, ruthenium, dinitrogen, ammonia, complex, serendipity.

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21

Shima, Takanori, Shaowei Hu, Gen Luo, Xiaohui Kang, Yi Luo e Zhaomin Hou. "Dinitrogen Cleavage and Hydrogenation by a Trinuclear Titanium Polyhydride Complex". Science 340, n. 6140 (27 giugno 2013): 1549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1238663.

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Both the Haber-Bosch and biological ammonia syntheses are thought to rely on the cooperation of multiple metals in breaking the strong N≡N triple bond and forming an N–H bond. This has spurred investigations of the reactivity of molecular multimetallic hydrides with dinitrogen. We report here the reaction of a trinuclear titanium polyhydride complex with dinitrogen, which induces dinitrogen cleavage and partial hydrogenation at ambient temperature and pressure. By 1H and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance, x-ray crystallographic, and computational studies of some key reaction steps and products, we have determined that the dinitrogen (N2) reduction proceeds sequentially through scission of a N2 molecule bonded to three Ti atoms in a μ-η1:η2:η2-end-on-side-on fashion to give a μ2-N/μ3-N dinitrido species, followed by intramolecular hydrogen migration from Ti to the μ2-N nitrido unit.

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Dubé, Tiffany, Sabrina Conoci, Sandro Gambarotta, Glenn P. A. Yap e Giuseppe Vasapollo. "Tetrametallic Reduction of Dinitrogen: Formation of a Tetranuclear Samarium Dinitrogen Complex". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 38, n. 24 (16 dicembre 1999): 3657–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19991216)38:24<3657::aid-anie3657>3.0.co;2-a.

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23

Pool, Jaime A., e Paul J. Chirik. "The importance of cyclopentadienyl substituent effects in group 4 metallocene dinitrogen chemistry". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, n. 4 (1 aprile 2005): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-009.

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This article highlights some of our recent efforts and presents new data on the importance of cyclopentadienyl substituent effects on group 4 metallocene dinitrogen chemistry. Reactions such as the coordination of N2 to an isolated titanium sandwich complex, alkali-metal reductions of zirconocene dihalide complexes, alkane reductive elimination reactions, and the hydrogenation of zirconium dinitrogen complexes are all extremely sensitive to the groups present on the cyclopentadienyl rings. These results are promising for the future of N2 fixation, as the reactivity of a specific metallocene can be dramatically altered by subtle manipulations in ligand substituents.Key words: cyclopentadienyl, zirconium, dinitrogen, ammonia, sandwich.

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Peigné, Benjamin, e Gabriel Aullón. "Structural analysis of the coordination of dinitrogen to transition metal complexes". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 71, n. 3 (29 maggio 2015): 369–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520615006083.

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Transition-metal complexes show a wide variety of coordination modes for the nitrogen molecule. A structural database study has been undertaken for dinitrogen complexes, and geometrical parameters around theLnM—N2unit are retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database. These data were classified in families of compounds, according to metal properties, to determine the degree of lengthening for the dinitrogen bonding. The importance of the nature of the metal center, such as coordination number and electronic configuration, is reported. Our study reveals poor activation by coordination of dinitrogen in mononuclear complexes, always havingend-oncoordination. However, partial weakening of nitrogen–nitrogen bonding is found forend-onbinuclear complexes, whereasside-oncomplexes can be completely activated.

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Parrotta, John A., Dwight D. Baker e Maurice Fried. "Changes in dinitrogen fixation in maturing stands of Casuarinaequisetifolia and Leucaenaleucocephala". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, n. 9 (1 settembre 1996): 1684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-190.

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Biological dinitrogen fixation in Casuarinaequisetifolia J.R. & G. Forst. and Leucaenaleucocephala (Lam.) de Wit was evaluated using the 15N-enrichment technique under field conditions in single-species and mixed-species plantings (with a nonfixing reference species, Eucalyptus ×robusta J.E. Smith) between 1.0 and 3.5 years of age in Puerto Rico. Following periodic labelling of trenched and untrenched plantation quadrats with 15N-enriched ammonium sulfate, analyses of foliar and whole-tree (weighted average) N-isotopic ratios and total biomass N were used to estimate the proportion of nitrogen derived from biological dinitrogen fixation (PNDFA) and total nitrogen derived from fixation (TNDFA) in C. equisetifolia and L. leucocephala. The 15N-enrichment technique yielded accurate estimates of dinitrogen fixation in maturing stands of these two tree species provided the reference species (Eucalyptus) was grown in close proximity to the N-fixing species in trenched, mixed-species plots. Changes in the 15N/14N ratio of soil-available nitrogen in single-species plots of the N-fixing and reference were found to yield inaccurate estimates of dinitrogen fixation in the single-species plots of C. equisetifolia and L. leucocephala after 2 years of age. The results confirm earlier findings that foliar sampling is a useful nondestructive alternative to whole-tree biomass sampling for the 15N-enrichment protocol. Between 1.0 and 3.5 years after plantation establishment, PNDFA in C. equisetifolia remained relatively constant between 50 and 60%, while PNDFA in L. leucocephala declined from nearly 100% at 1 year to less than 40% at 3.5 years. The rate of dinitrogen fixation (kg•ha−1•year−1) did not decline as the stands matured. Cumulative dinitrogen fixation (TNDFA) estimates at 3.5 years were very similar between species: 73 in C. equisetifolia and 74 kg N•ha−1•year−1 in L. leucocephala.

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Broere, Daniël L. J., e Patrick L. Holland. "Boron compounds tackle dinitrogen". Science 359, n. 6378 (22 febbraio 2018): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7395.

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27

Bethany Halford. "Borylenes help cleave dinitrogen". C&EN Global Enterprise 98, n. 36 (21 settembre 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09836-scicon6.

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Qu, Jingyu, Shengcai Zhu, Weiwei Zhang e Qiang Zhu. "Electrides with Dinitrogen Ligands". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11, n. 5 (15 gennaio 2019): 5256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b18676.

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Shan, H. "Dinitrogen Bridged Gold Clusters". Science 275, n. 5305 (7 marzo 1997): 1460–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.275.5305.1460.

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30

Leigh, G. J. "Protonation of coordinated dinitrogen". Accounts of Chemical Research 25, n. 4 (aprile 1992): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar00016a001.

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31

Di Nicola, Giovanni, Giuliano Giuliani, Renato Ricci e Roman Stryjek. "PVTProperties of Dinitrogen Monoxide". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 49, n. 5 (settembre 2004): 1465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je049842u.

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32

Hsu, Wayne, Kedar Bahadur Thapa, Xiang-Kai Yang, Kuan-Ting Chen, Han-Yun Chang e Jhy-Der Chen. "Dinitrogen-supported coordination polymers". CrystEngComm 18, n. 3 (2016): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ce02127h.

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Two novel three-dimensional dinitrogen-supported coordination polymers adopting the (5³·7³)₂(5⁴·8²) and (5³)₄(5⁸·6⁴·7⁸·8⁴·9⁴)₂-3,8T16 topologies are reported.

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Thomas, Gilian T., Sofia Donnecke, Irina Paci e J. Scott McIndoe. "Trichloro(Dinitrogen)Platinate(II)". Chemistry – A European Journal 26, n. 54 (7 settembre 2020): 12359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003057.

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Stradella, Luigi. "Reactions of water, dihydrogen, dinitrogen, dinitrogen oxide, methane over illuminated ultraclean graphite". Reaction Kinetics & Catalysis Letters 51, n. 2 (dicembre 1993): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02069071.

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Cavaillé, Anthony, Benjamin Joyeux, Nathalie Saffon-Merceron, Noel Nebra, Marie Fustier-Boutignon e Nicolas Mézailles. "Triphos–Fe dinitrogen and dinitrogen–hydride complexes: relevance to catalytic N2 reductions". Chemical Communications 54, n. 84 (2018): 11953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc07466f.

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Köthe, Claudia, e Christian Limberg. "Late Metal Scaffolds that Activate Both, Dinitrogen and Reduced Dinitrogen Species NxHy". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 641, n. 1 (21 novembre 2014): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201400378.

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Lescure, Chantal, e Alain Chalamet. "Étude de l'influence des réserves azotées dans l'estimation par 15N de la fixation symbiotique d'une plante pérenne, Trifolium pratense". Canadian Journal of Botany 63, n. 6 (1 giugno 1985): 991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-134.

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A 15N dilution technique is proposed to determine the role of nitrogen reserves in the plant on the estimation of dinitrogen fixation, during regrowth of perennial legumes. It is based on labelling of nitrogen compartments of the plant. Since the kinetics of utilization of nitrogen reserves of ryegrass (Lolium italicum L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) appear similar, ryegrass would be a good control plant. Despite this observation, the comparison of two methods (based on two or three sources of nitrogen) to estimate dinitrogen fixation shows the difficulty in applying the technique using 15N-labelled substrate over earlier periods of regrowth. In this case, the 15N method described for determining symbiotic dinitrogen fixation could be applied in controlled conditions.

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Kang, Wonchull, Chi Chung Lee, Andrew J. Jasniewski, Markus W. Ribbe e Yilin Hu. "Structural evidence for a dynamic metallocofactor during N2 reduction by Mo-nitrogenase". Science 368, n. 6497 (18 giugno 2020): 1381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz6748.

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The enzyme nitrogenase uses a suite of complex metallocofactors to reduce dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia. Mechanistic details of this reaction remain sparse. We report a 1.83-angstrom crystal structure of the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein captured under physiological N2 turnover conditions. This structure reveals asymmetric displacements of the cofactor belt sulfurs (S2B or S3A and S5A) with distinct dinitrogen species in the two αβ dimers of the protein. The sulfur-displaced sites are distinct in the ability of protein ligands to donate protons to the bound dinitrogen species, as well as the elongation of either the Mo–O5 (carboxyl) or Mo–O7 (hydroxyl) distance that switches the Mo-homocitrate ligation from bidentate to monodentate. These results highlight the dynamic nature of the cofactor during catalysis and provide evidence for participation of all belt-sulfur sites in this process.

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Kai, Wang, Bo Dong, Chao-fei Yang e Hua Qian. "Acidic ionic liquids and green and recyclable catalysts in the clean nitration of TAIW to CL-20 using HNO3 electrolyte". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 95, n. 2 (febbraio 2017): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2016-0512.

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A novel method for the synthesis of CL-20 by nitration of TAIW was investigated. HNO3 electrolyte, containing generated dinitrogen pentoxide and unreacted dinitrogen tetraoxide, was directly used as a nitrating agent and the result was encouraging. A series of SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids were utilized to further improve the result. The satisfactory yield of CL-20 (94%) makes it a useful method for the green and clean synthesis of CL-20.

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Hidai, Masanobu, e Yasushi Mizobe. "Research inspired by the chemistry of nitrogenase Novel metal complexes and their reactivity toward dinitrogen, nitriles, and alkynes". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, n. 4 (1 aprile 2005): 358–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-016.

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Summarized here are our continuous studies of the last three decades concerning syntheses of new types of complexes learned from nitrogenase and their reactivites toward dinitrogen, nitriles, and alkynes. For Mo and W dinitrogen complexes with tertiary phosphine coligands, a variety of their intriguing reactivities have been demonstrated, and novel transformations of the N2 ligands into numerous nitrogen-containing ligands and compounds have been developed. The C≡N bond cleavage of certain nitriles also proceeds on the Mo site surrounded by tertiary phosphines. Stimulated by the sophisticated structure of the active site of nitrogenase, multinuclear metalsulfur complexes have been synthesized in rational ways. New types of stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of alkynes have been found by using the thiolato-bridged diruthenium complexes and some cubane-type sulfido clusters containing a noble metal.Key words: nitrogen fixation, molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexes, ruthenium thiolato complexes, metal sulfido clusters, nitriles, alkynes.

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41

Chmielarz, Lucjan, e Magdalena Jabłońska. "Advances in selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to dinitrogen: a review". RSC Advances 5, n. 54 (2015): 43408–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03218k.

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42

Légaré, Marc-André, Maximilian Rang, Guillaume Bélanger-Chabot, Julia I. Schweizer, Ivo Krummenacher, Rüdiger Bertermann, Merle Arrowsmith, Max C. Holthausen e Holger Braunschweig. "The reductive coupling of dinitrogen". Science 363, n. 6433 (21 marzo 2019): 1329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav9593.

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The coupling of two or more molecules of dinitrogen (N2) occurs naturally under the radiative conditions present in the ionosphere and may be achieved synthetically under ultrahigh pressure or plasma conditions. However, the comparatively low N–N single-bond enthalpy generally renders the catenation of the strongly triple-bonded N2 diatomic unfavorable and the decomposition of nitrogen chains a common reaction motif. Here, we report the surprising organoboron-mediated catenation of two N2 molecules under near-ambient conditions to form a complex in which a [N4]2– chain bridges two boron centers. The reaction entails reductive coupling of two hypovalent-boron-bound N2 units in a single step. Both this complex and a derivative protonated at both ends of the chain were characterized crystallographically.

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43

Coia, George M., Martin Devenney, Peter S. White, Thomas J. Meyer e David A. Wink. "Osmium Hydrazido and Dinitrogen Complexes". Inorganic Chemistry 36, n. 11 (maggio 1997): 2341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic961025v.

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44

Kambouris, Peter, Tae Kyu Ha e Curt Wentrup. "Infrared spectrum of dinitrogen sulfide". Journal of Physical Chemistry 96, n. 5 (marzo 1992): 2065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100184a010.

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45

Colmont, Jean-Marcel. "Microwave spectrum of dinitrogen pentoxide". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 155, n. 1 (settembre 1992): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(92)90544-x.

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46

Byun, Jaehyun, Craig C. Sheaffer, Michael P. Russelle, Nancy J. Ehlke, Donald L. Wyse e Peter H. Graham. "Dinitrogen Fixation in Illinois Bundleflower". Crop Science 44, n. 2 (marzo 2004): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.4930.

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47

Odom, Aaron L., Polly L. Arnold e Christopher C. Cummins. "Heterodinuclear Uranium/Molybdenum Dinitrogen Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society 120, n. 23 (giugno 1998): 5836–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja980095t.

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48

Addison, C. C. "Molecular complexes of dinitrogen tetroxide". Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 75, n. 6 (2 settembre 2010): 626–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19560750604.

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49

Klopsch, Isabel, Florian Schendzielorz, Christian Volkmann, Christian Würtele e Sven Schneider. "Synthesis of Benzonitrile from Dinitrogen". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 644, n. 17 (6 luglio 2018): 916–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201800181.

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50

Silantyev, Gleb A., Moritz Förster, Bastian Schluschaß, Josh Abbenseth, Christian Würtele, Christian Volkmann, Max C. Holthausen e Sven Schneider. "Dinitrogen Splitting Coupled to Protonation". Angewandte Chemie 129, n. 21 (24 aprile 2017): 5966–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201701504.

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