Tesi: "Diet therapy – Case studies"

1

Matthee, Suzette. "The development of two-week menu cycles for households with children allergic to wheat, soy, cow's milk and egg respectively". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53102.

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Thesis (MSc Consumer Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Food allergies in children are a growing problem and have various effects on these children, their households, the community and the economy. No medication or cure is currently available to consumers suffering from food-allergies. Medical teams are aware of the patients' need for support, but information is lacking and understanding of their basic needs and problems neglected. Two qualitative research methods, namely the focus group technique and case studies were used to investigate the emotional and physical environment of children allergic to wheat, soy, cow's milk and egg respectively. Five focus group meetings were conducted with the caregivers of food-allergic children. Two during the pilot study and three in the main study. A total of twenty three participants attended the three meetings of the main study. A meeting schedule was developed and the meetings carefully moderated. After the data had been obtained from the focus group meetings, there was a need for more in-depth information and understanding. Seven of the participants of the focus groups were identified, through developed criteria, to be further investigated as case studies. Five units of investigation were identified for the case studies. It was the (i) caregiver, (ii) allergic child, (iii) other children, (iv) "non-caregiver parent" and (v) household. Some of the matters that were investigated in both the focus groups and case studies were health consciousness, menu planning, recipe needs and use, reading of food labels, hidden allergens and the social and emotional effects of having and being a food-allergic child. A great need for better support and educational programs to assist these households were identified. Very few of the households were health conscious, while they all experienced problems with menu planning, identifying hidden allergens and suffered from social and or emotional problems. Very few participants made use of recipes or identified a need for allergen-free recipes. After having gained insight in the daily lives of these households, four - virtually identical, two-week menu cycles were developed to suit the life style requirements and restrictions of these children. The same recipes were used, but allergens omitted, replacements made and the recipes adapted as necessary. Product scouting was done for hidden allergens in selected popular convenience foods, especially those from the lowest level of the USDA Food Guide Pyramid. Hidden allergens appeared to be a problem when food is prepared and bought for the food allergic child. It should be taken into account that despite the information stated on the food label undeclared allergens might still be present in food. The two-week menu cycle for the child allergic to cow's milk was then quantitatively evaluated for nutritional adequacy by FoodFinder ™ 2 - a software program, for children aged between seven and ten years. All the macronutrients and micronutrients identified by the National Survey in 1999 as insufficient «67% of the RDA) among South African children aged between one and nine years, were evaluated as well as those mentioned in the WHO Dietary and Health Goals. All the nutrients were sufficient, except for calcium and Vitamin D. Supplementation is advised. The sensory acceptability of the menu-items in the two-week menu cycles were not evaluated. A vast number of issues pertaining to the food-allergic child require further research. A great need exists for the development of educational programs to support the households with food-allergic children. The identification of hidden allergens and the development of reliable sensory testing models for food-allergic children are all areas that should urgently be researched further.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Voedsel-allergieë by kinders is 'n groeiende probleem met 'n verskeidenheid effekte op dié kinders, hulle huishoudings, die gemeenskap en die ekonomie. Tans is geen medikasie of kuur teen voedsel-allergieë beskikbaar nie. Mediese spanne is bewus van die behoefte aan sorg en leiding wat deur dié spesifieke groep verbruikers benodig word, maar inligting oor hulle behoeftes en probleme is ontoereikend. Twee kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes, naamlik die fokusgroeptegniek en gevallestudies, is gebruik om die emosionele en fisiese omgewing van kinders allergies vir onderskeidelik grane, soja, melk en eiers te ondersoek. Tydens 'n voorloperstudie is twee fokusgroepvergaderings gehou. Vir die hoofstudie is drie fokusgroepvergaderings met versorgers van kinders met 'n voedsel-allergie gehou met 'n totaal van drie en twintig deelnemers. 'n Vergaderingskedule is ontwikkel en die vergaderings is sorgvuldig gemodereer. Nadat die data van die fokusgroepe ingesamel is, was daar behoefte aan meer in diepte inligting en begrip. Aan die hand van ontwikkelde kriteria is sewe van die deelnemers aan die fokus groepe as gevallestudies geselekteer. Vyf eenhede van ondersoek is geïdentifiseer vir die gevallestudies. Dit is: (i) die allergiese kind, (ii) versorger, (iii) ander kinders, (iv) die "nie-versorgende" ouer en (v) die huishouding. Sommige van die aspekte wat in beide die fokusgroepe en gevallestudies ondersoek is, was gesondheidsbewustheid, spyskaartbeplanning, die gebruik en behoefte aan resepte, lees van voedseletikette, verskuilde allergene en die sosiale en emosionele effek van 'n voedsel-allergie op die kind sowel as die ouers. 'n Groot behoefte aan beter ondersteuning en opvoedkundige programme, om hierdie huishoudings te help, is geïdentifiseer. Baie min van die huishoudings was werkilk gesondheidsbewus, terwyl hulle almal probleme met spyskaartbeplanning, identifisering van verborge allergene en sosioemosionele probleme ondervind het. Weinig van die deelnemers het gebruik gemaak van resepte of het 'n behoefte aan allergeen-vrye resepte ondervind. Nadat insig in die daaglikse lewenstyl van hierdie huishouding verkry is, is vier amper-identiese twee-weekse siklusspyskaarte ontwikkel wat die lewenstyl en behoeftes van hierdie huishoudings aanspreek. Dieselfde resepte was gebruik vir al vier twee-weeksiklusspyskaarte, met die verskil dat verskillende allergene vervang is, na gelang van die allergie verskillende behoefte. Marknavorsing is gedoen op alledaagse produkte en is hoofsaaklik gefokus op die produkte wat die basis van die voedselpiramide uitmaak. Daar is bevind dat verskeulde allergene voorkom in produkte waar dit nie verwag word nie, en soms selfs nie op die voedseletikette verklaar word nie. Die twee-weeksiklusspyskaart van die melk-allergiese kind is kwantitatief ge-evalueer vir toereikendheid van die dieet vir kinders tussen die ouderdomme sewe tot tien jaar op die Foodfinder TM 2 - sagteware program. Die makro- en mikronutriente wat volgens 'n nasionale opname in 1999 as problematiese «67% van die RDA) vir kinders in die ouderdomsgroep een tot nege, uitgewys is, is geneem en die voedingstowwe is ook teen die Werêld Gesondheidsorganisasie (WHO) se dieetdoelwitte getoets. AI die nutriënte was voldoende volgens die analise, behalwe kalsium en Vitamen D. Supplementasie word aanbeveel vir dié twee nutriënte. Die sensoriese aanvaarbaarheid van die spyskaartitems in die siklusspyskaart is nie getoets nie. Verskeie aspekte wat vorendag gekom het, benodig verdere navorsing. 'n Groot behoefte aan die ontwikkeling van opvoedkundige programme, wat die huishoudings met voedsel-allergiese kinders ondersteun, bestaan. Die identifikasie van verskuilde allergene en die ontwikkeling van 'n beproefte sensoriese toetsmodel vir voedsel-allergiese kinders is potensiële gebiede wat dringend verder nagevors behoort te word.

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2

Devlin, Angela Marie. "The effect of early diet on hepatic cholesterol metabolism in piglets". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0010/NQ34518.pdf.

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3

Reynolds, Shawn Patrick. "Empirical studies of noncompliance to behavioral therapy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0021/NQ27235.pdf.

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4

Miller, Elizabeth C. "Studies of nutritional support for prostate cancer prevention and therapy". Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1124140836.

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5

Seshadri, Usha. "The analysis of case-cohort studies /". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69572.

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Epidemiologic cohort studies often require a follow-up of and obtaining exposure and confounder information for several thousand subjects. This process can be time consuming and expensive. A sampling scheme which reduces costs is the case-cohort design. It involves obtaining exposure and confounder information for all cases and a random sample of the remainder of the cohort. In this thesis we consider the analysis of data from a case-cohort sample under the assumptions of a proportional hazards model. Specifically we review and describe techniques for point and interval estimation of parameters and tests of hypotheses first for a full cohort, then for a case-cohort sample. We apply the methods to a real example involving data from an occupational case-cohort study.

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6

Gripeteg, Lena. "Weight loss studies in obese patients aspects of very-low-energy diet treatment and effects of obesity surgery on disability pension /". Göteborg : Dept. of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/21690.

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7

O'Carroll, Pierce. "Dual emotional processing in posttraumatic stress disorder : three single case studies". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246964.

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8

Caspero, Alexandra M. "Usual dietary intake among chronic fatigue syndrome patients". Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/729.

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The relationship between dietary intake and the pathology of CFS has been an area of intense speculation without strong research support. There may be important links between diet and symptoms such that dietary interventions may be efficacious as adjunct therapy. This study was designed to assess any dietary abnormalities among Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients. The purpose of this study is to make a controlled assessment of usual dietary intake so that dietary recommendations for CFS patients can be made. A Diet History Questionnaire, provided by the National Institute of Health, was used to analyze usual dietary intake among CFS patients. Women, ages I 8 and older, diagnosed by a physician with CFS, and were asked to complete the online survey. To complete the questionnaire, participants were provided with a user name and password and asked to answer a number of questions about their dietary habit. Twenty (n=20) women with CFS completed the questionnaire. The results were compiled and analyzed using Diet-Calc software and compared with nonnative data. Several nutrients were found to be deficient in more than 75% of the CFS patients.

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9

Brenninger, Vanessa. "Establishing evidence for practice in medical nutrition therapy a case study of the impact of a high amylose resistant starch diet on clinical indicators of the insulin resistant syndrome /". Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060712.103548/index.html.

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10

Purdy, Allison Renee. "The Effects of Yoga Therapy on the Quality of Life for a Paraplegic Individual". PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/342.

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The purpose of this study was to document the effects that a regular yoga therapy practice has on the quality of life for a paraplegic individual. Due to the unique nature of spinal cord injury (SCI), this was a case study with one participant. For 5 weeks the subject practiced a standardized yoga routine three times a week with a yoga teacher, receiving private instruction. Interview questions were asked before and after the intervention to document the participant's quality of life. Each week, the subject completed a modified SF-36 questionnaire as well as Cohen's Perceived Stress Survey. Perceived pain and perceived stress were the two primary variables monitored in the study. The results of this study demonstrated a slight reduction in perceived stress, a reduction in perceived pain, and an improvement in overall quality of life. Additionally, the subject increased her strength significantly from the beginning to the end of the study. Based on the findings in this study, it appears that a regular adapted yoga routine is beneficial for paraplegic individuals.

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11

Masters, Carin-Lee. "Clay sculpture within an object relational therapy: a phenomenological-hermeneutic case study". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002524.

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The overall aim of this thesis is to explore the process of working with the Edwards claywork method with a psychotherapy client who had significant relational difficulties and feared being exposed as defective. Within this there are particular aims: Firstly, to investigate whether the distancing that art therapy can create, can help the client with relational difficulties to tolerate unexpressed disavowed feelings, in particular her sense of shame about being exposed as defective; and secondly, to examine whether material evoked through the claywork process can assist in furthering the psychological formulation of this kind of client. The research was a phenomenological-hermeneutic case study of a psychotherapy client, called Kim. Kim’s experience of therapy, including two claywork sessions, was documented. This comprises a thematic narrative of her therapy process prior to the claywork process, as well as a thematic narrative focusing on the two claywork sessions. Her clay sculpture was photographed and alphabetically labeled according to the chronological order in which she made the eight pieces comprising her sculpture. A hermeneutic reading of the narratives was conducted using theoretical perspectives including object relations, Adlerian psychology and art therapy. It was concluded that, firstly, the distancing that art therapy can create does help the client, who is afraid of being exposed as defective, to tolerate previously disavowed and unexpressed feelings; and secondly, art therapy such as the Edwards claywork method, does deepen psychological formulation of the client’s affective and relational difficulties. However, although the image may graphically symbolize unconscious aspects of a client’s psyche, the present study illustrates that a client may not always be able to enter into a relationship with the image or dialogue between conscious and unconscious states. In this respect, the present study focuses on aspects of art therapy of which there is limited literature.

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12

Trotter, James Marshall. "Nutrition and cancer : studies on nutritional abnormalities, nutritional support and protein metabolism in malnourished cancer patients /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdt858.pdf.

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13

Garofano-Brown, April. "Relationship between child centered play therapy and developmental levels of young children: A single case analysis". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5178/.

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This study used a single case design to explore the relationship between individual child-centered play therapy on children with developmental delays by examining its effectiveness in: 1) increasing measured developmental age; 2) reducing problematic behaviors related to developmental delays; and 3) increasing developmentally appropriate behaviors. Three participants were assessed weekly with both developmental and behavioral measures during the three phases of the study: baseline, intervention, and follow up. Additionally, parents of the participants completed behavioral measures at pretest, midpoint, and posttest administrations. The participant's weekly standard scores were graphed and results were examined separately using visual analyses. Changes between phases: non-intervention baseline, intervention, and non-intervention follow-up were examined; specifically, the level, trend, and variability of the data across the phases were examined. Each of the three participants served as their own control group in this single case analysis and their results, and all three of the participants demonstrated improvement on the developmental measures after receiving the play therapy intervention. Results from this single case analysis suggest the need for further replication, use and reporting of single case interventions and designs, to promote the efficacy of counseling interventions and to potentially enhance the literature and research base for evidence based interventions.

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14

Montgomery, Cassandra. ""I Know Better"| A Case Study Investigating Methods to Improve HIV/AIDS Education for African American Adolescent Females". Thesis, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687239.

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The CDC HIV Surveillance Report of 2012 purported 29% of all new HIV diagnoses in 2010 were young females, e.g. 11,413 people. African Americans accounted for 71% of this population (CDC.gov, 2014). The METALS program was a prevention program in Shreveport, Louisiana targeting girls who exhibited delinquent behaviors as defined by Mellins (2011) and was designed to educate participants on the risks, effects, and ways to avoid contracting this virus. The nine African American girls, ages 12 through 16, from METALS served as the participants in this instrumental case study. The researcher sought to: (a) gain insight into the activities and strategies within METALS that led to a change in the perception and understanding of the relationship between HIV/AIDS and risky sexual behavior and (b) to identify the activities that participants attributed to their increased awareness, as well as those recommended by participants to improve the METALS program. The study sought to gain insight into strategies improving the impact of programs designed to prevent the contraction of HIV/AIDS. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, field notes, and interviews and analyzed through three cycles of coding. The coding process resulted in two overarching themes, i.e. the unintended benefits of the program and the effective components of the program, which encapsulated the strands: (a) interaction and influence, (b) connectivity, (c) social skill development, (d) prevention education, (e) experiential learning, and (f) social interaction and influence. The researcher synthesized the results and constructed the CARE Model to capture the effective components and unintended benefits of the METALS program.

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15

Topper, Kegan. "Narrative play therapy and the journey of a boy diagnosed with a learning disability: a case study". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/313.

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This study offers a detailed exploration of the personal narrative of a nine year old boy diagnosed with a learning disability, and explains how the nature of the therapeutic relationship facilitated shifts in his personal understandings of himself, others and the world. Children diagnosed with learning disabilities experience a range of challenges in their different life contexts, and particularly within the school context. This is often because of constant evaluation and surveillance from teachers, family members and peers, who define the child within rigid and limiting frameworks. Soon enough children diagnosed with learning disabilities develop problem-saturated narratives that can significantly influence their relationship with themselves and others. This is because the individualising effects of having a disability cause them to feel different or isolated from their peers. This study illustrates an eight session case study, facilitated by a narrative play therapy approach, between a counsellor, a child and his parents. The therapeutic encounters were intended to assist the child in moving away from problem-saturated narratives of incompetence and inferiority towards more preferred narratives that would positively influence his self esteem. Key words: learning disability, dyslexia, narrative, narrative therapy, identity, self esteem. Children Diagnosed with a Learning Disability Children who have been diagnosed with a learning disability often experience themselves and their world very differently from other children (Rodis, Garrod, & Boscardin, 2001). Within the educational system a considerable amount of pressure is placed on children to succeed. The educational discourse of achievement that professes itself to be the only direction from which a successful future can be attained, marginalizes and rejects those children whose knowledge and skills exist outside this rigid and oftentimes insensitive system of evaluation. As a result, children soon create problem saturated narratives, believing themselves to be the problem. However, in the last two decades there has been a move from reductionism to constructivism and as a result research in the field of learning disabilities has started to focus on children’s non-traditional strengths and talents, which are often misunderstood and ignored by schools. Armstrong (1987) sums it up as follows: The schools allow millions of imaginative kids to go unrecognised

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16

Kondo-Legan, Vala. "Exploration of Disorganized Attachment in Emotionally Disturbed Children Through Art Therapy: Case Studies at a Therapeutic School". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2012. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/102.

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This study explores the process by which emotionally disturbed children attach to a new therapist during the first stage of art therapy. Observations center on the ability of artistic metaphor and visual communication to illuminate attachment strategy. Research, in case study format, focuses on two students at the Kayne Eras Center Non Public School. Participants were a 15 year old African American boy and an 8 year old African American girl. Data, consisting of detailed process notes and art products, was analyzed through the application of three research questions; 1. How does artistic metaphor inform the understanding of a child’s inner world, particularly in regard to attachment? 2. Is there a variance between information gleaned from a single, initial art piece, opposed to a body of work, created over time, in regards to attachment? 3. Are attachment strategies conveyed visually, (through art) in the same way they are conveyed verbally or behaviorally? This study found that content of artistic metaphor correlates to existing literature on attachment strategy, thereby substantiating potential for undirected art products to act as assessments of attachment. Additional information was observed concerning subcategories of attachment strategy, trigger patterns of approach and retreat response, internal working models and general coping skills. The congruence of visual, verbal and behavioral communication was found to be dependent on stress levels and the directive structure of therapy. Visual communications frequently served to illuminate internal emotional states. Overall communicative patterns, regarding attachment, were observed in relation to self-protective strategies.

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17

Chen, Chi-Ling. "A nested case-control study of hormone replacement therapy in relation to breast cancer /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10898.

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18

Wong, Ho Fung-see, e 黃何鳳施. "The role of family therapy in residential casework: a case study of helping an adolescent facing discharge". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248287.

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19

Botha, Cynthia Evelyn. "The implementation of developmental play therapy with pre-schoolers in a primary school : a case study". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50160.

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Thesis (MEdPsych)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: My study aims to explore whether a Developmental Play Programme can be implemented in a primary school with learners, using trained volunteer therapists from an old age home in the area. I also looked at the experiences of the learners and that of the volunteer therapists using Developmental Play Therapy as a therapeutic technique. The technique facilitates the development of child-adult relationships that are necessary for the development of children. The research is in the form of a qualitative case study. It is approached from an ecosystemic perspective i.e. learners are viewed as a core system which in turn is part of several other systems, for example the family, school, church, community etc. The systems are interdependent, which means that change in the one system also results in change within other systems. In the data production video recordings, unstructured interviews, observations and field notes are used. Data analysis was done using principles of coding. The results of the study show that Developmental Play Therapy is indeed an effective psychotherapeutic technique to use in a primary school with a group of learners and to use senior citizens as volunteer therapists to do the therapy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel met die studie is om na te vors of die Ontwikkelende speelprogram op leerders in 'n primêre skool toegepas kan word, deur inwoners van 'n ouetehuis in die area op te lei as vrywillige terapeute. Ek het die ervaringe van die leerders en die van die vrywillige terapeute observeer waar Ontwikkelende Speelterapie as terapeutiese tegniek toegepas is. Die tegniek bevorder onder andere die ontwikkeling van ouer - kindverhoudings, wat noodsaaklik is vir die ontwikkeling van kinders. Die navorsing neem die vorm van 'n kwalitatiewe gevallestudie aan. Dit word benader vanuit 'n ekosistemiese perspektief, dit wil sê die leerders word gesien as die kernsisteem wat deel is van verskeie ander sisteme soos byvoorbeeld die familie, skool, kerk en gemeenskap. Die sisteme is interafhanklik wat beteken dat verandering in een sisteem ook verandering in die ander sisteme tot gevolg het. In die data - produksie is tegnieke naamlik video - opnames, ongestruktureerde onderhoude, observasies en veldnotas gebruik. Data - analise is volgens die beginsels van kodering gedoen. Die resultate van die onderhewige studie toon dat Ontwikkelende speelterapie 'n effektiewe psigoterapeutiese tegniek is om in 'n primêre skool te gebruik met 'n groep leerders, en om gebruik te maak van senior burgers as vrywillige terapeute om die terapie te doen.

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20

Treanor, Virginia 1939. "CREATIVE ART THERAPY WITH INCARCERATED JUVENILES: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291290.

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21

Holtzhausen, Minnon. "Psychiatric in-patients’ experiences of an art group : with a focus on the self". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013146.

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Aims: It is argued that one’s sense of self is threatened and eroded by mental illness. According to the narrative perspective, one’s personal life narrative is displaced and maintained by a story of illness. However, dialogical self theorists argue that mental illness limits the number of ‘I’ positions available within an individual, resulting in the positions/voices becoming rigid and being dominated by a singular, monological position. The aims of this qualitative study are to attempt to understand and examine psychiatric inpatients’ personal lived experiences of an art group. The goal of the study is to focus on the impact of the art-making process on these patients with regards to the construction of their sense of self. Design: A qualitative research design was used in the study. Method: Four psychiatric in-patient art group members – three male and one female, between the ages of 27 and 40 – were interviewed. A semi-structured interview schedule consisting of sixteen questions focusing on the interviewees’ experiences of the art group was used. The interviews were analysed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results: Three superordinate themes emerged: What the Participants Gained From the Art Group, Sense of Community and Leaving a Mark, and The Experience of Self in the Art group. All three Superordinate themes fall within the participants’ experience of the art group. Conclusion: All four of the participants expressed positive feelings and enjoyment towards the art group. Participation in the art group provided the participants with a sense of pride, achievement and hope within their lives. As a result of participation on the art group, one of the four participants was able to construct a thin alternative experience and sense of self.

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22

Gonzalez, Angela M. (Angela Maria) 1970. "Assessment and Treatment of Multiple Topographies and Functions of Self-injury". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278916/.

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Results of a functional analysis indicated that the self-injurious behavior (SIB) of an adult female with profound mental retardation occurred primarily in the alone and demand conditions. Graphs of the separate topographies (head slaps and head bangs) showed that head banging occurred in the alone condition and that both head banging and head slapping occurred in the demand condition. A data analysis procedure to identify within-session trends across sessions and fluctuations in rates of SIB by topography revealed that most of the demands escaped were escaped by head slaps and that over 80% of all head slaps were associated with escape, compared to less than 1%of all head bangs, indicating that head banging and head slapping were members of separate functional response classes. Treatment consisted of noncontingent availability of preferred leisure materials, and produced substantial decreases of both head banging and head slapping. Interpretation of the results are discussed, as well as some implications and limitations of the study.

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23

Walter, Garry James. "The use of electroconvulsive therapy in young people". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27846.

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There are negligible data about the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in young people, and persuasive reasons to examine the subject further. This thesis examines the current status and future directions of ECT in the young. It focuses on, in turn, the quality of evidence and information about the effectiveness and safety of the procedure from previous published reports, the use of ECT in young persons in the state of New South Wales over almost a decade, the views of people who received ECT as adolescents, and their parents, about the treatment, and the experience, knowledge and attitudes of child psychiatrists regarding ECT. The key findings were that ECT appears to be an effective and safe treatment in young persons, that it is generally viewed positively by those who received the treatment in adolescence and by their parents, and that there are gaps in the knowledge of child psychiatrists about the treatment which may be narrowing. There are several clinical and research implications. Most importantly, the results will be reassuring to young patients, and their families, for whom ECT emerges as a treatment option, and will be informative for clinicians caring for or consulted about these patients. At the same time, further research is needed to endorse and extend the findings. Following publication, several of the findings have been replicated in studies conducted in other countries and heavily cited in journal articles, psychiatric texts and ECT guidelines, including the guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association and the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

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Lai, Luca. "The Interplay of Economic, Climatic and Cultural Change Investigated Through Isotopic Analyses of Bone Tissue: The Case of Sardinia 4000-1900 BC". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002386.

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25

Law, Kin-wai Natalie, e 羅健慧. "An application of Minuchin's structural family therapy in working witha family with children discharged from child care institution: a case study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31247878.

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26

Pong, Hay-piu, e 龐熙標. "The application of solution focused therapy in a study of child abuse case in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250415.

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27

Austin, Denise Lynmarie. "Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1436.

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Abstract (sommario):

In March 2011, Multnomah County's Juvenile Services Division (JSD) in Portland, Oregon implemented a new program model called Functional Family Probation Services, a case management model based on the principles of Functional Family Therapy. Under this model JSD Juvenile Court Counselors deliver Functional Family Probation Services to medium and high-risk youth on probation; both to the youth and their family in their home. This qualitative case study examined the extent to which the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers implemented Functional Family Probation Service's components and recorded their opinions regarding Functional Family Probation Services as a case management model. The study included observations of consultation meetings and interviews of 17 Juvenile Court Counselors, Community Justice Managers, and Senior Managers. The primary results of the study revealed that the Functional Family Probation Services intervention is well received by the county's youth and families and that Functional Family Probation Services increases family functioning. Additionally, both observations and self-reports from the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers indicate that Functional Family Probation Services requires individual and organizational changes critical for its successful implementation and sustainability.

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Johnston, Emma Anne. "Healing maori through song and dance? Three case studies of recent New Zealand music theatre". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Theatre and Film Studies, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/980.

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This thesis investigates the way "healing" may be seen to be represented and enacted by three recent New Zealand music theatre productions: Once Were Warriors, the Musical-Drama; The Whale Rider, On Stage; and Footprints/Tapuwae, a bicultural opera. This thesis addresses the ways each of these music theatre productions can be seen to dramatise ideologically informed notions of Maori cultural health through the encounter of Maori performance practices with American and European music theatre forms. Because the original colonial encounter between Maori and Pakeha was a wounding process, it may be possible that in order to construct a theatrical meeting between the "colonised" Maori and the "colonial" non-Maori, "healing" is an essential element by which to foster an idea of the post-colonial, bicultural togetherness of the nation. In all three productions, Maori song and dance forms are incorporated into a distinctive form of western music theatre: the American musical; the international spectacle; Wagnerian opera. Wagner's attempts to regenerate German culture through his music dramas can be compared to Maori renaissance idea(l)s of cultural "healing" through a "return" to Maori myths, traditions and song and dance.

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Schmid, Gordian L., Franziska Kässner, Holm H. Uhlig, Antje Körner, Jürgen Kratzsch, Norman Händel, Fred-P. Zepp et al. "Sirolimus treatment of severe PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome: case report and in vitro studies". Nature Research, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38601.

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Background: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is caused by germ line mutations in the PTEN gene. Symptoms include cancer pre- disposition, immune deviations, and lipomas/lipomatosis. No causal standard therapy is available. We describe a therapeutic attempt with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor sirolimus for a PHTS patient suffering from thymus hyperplasia and lipomatosis. We furthermore assessed the in vitro effects of sirolimus and other inhibitors on lipoma cells of the patient. Methods: The patient underwent clinical and blood examinations and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to assess tumor sizes. Lipoma cells of the patient were incubated with inhibitors of the phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway to analyze the effects on proliferation, adipocyte differentiation, and survival in vitro. Results: Sirolimus treatment improved somatic growth and reduced thymus volume. These effects diminished over the treatment period of 19 mo. Sirolimus decreased lipoma cell proliferation and adipocyte differentiation in vitro but did not cause apoptosis. PI3K and AKT inhibitors induced apoptosis significantly. Conclusion: Sirolimus treatment led to an improvement of the patient’s clinical status and a transient reduction of the thymus. Our in vitro findings point to PI3K and AKT inhibitors as potential treatment options for patients with severe forms of PHTS.

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McIsaac, J. Barry. "Social and cultural factors affecting the dietary intakes and anthropometric status of single male government-sponsored Ethiopian refugees". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55666.

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31

Schofield, Lorna. "Exploring the influence of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programmes on participants' experience of time, particularly the present (here and now): a case study of Eastern Cape participants". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005640.

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This study aims to explore the extent to which participating in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programme may result in shifts in people’s relationship with time, notably whether they become more present-focussed. The eight week MBSR programme advocates mindfulness, which is defined as paying attention on purpose in the present moment without judgement, as a way of reducing stress. The programme has been available in East London since 2009. A case study of eight MBSR programme participants’ experiences using narrative analysis was conducted. Narrative psychology and social constructionism provided the theoretical basis in which our storied lives are located in culturally inscribed narratives, with specific discourses around time and stress. Time discourses tend to pressurise people to believe that it is better to go about daily life at a fast pace, which requires significant hurrying and rushing with pervasive senses of time urgency. Stress discourse locates stress management within individuals. One-on-one semi structured interviews were held so that participants could reflect on their experience of time and the present moment orientation of the programme. Participants’ perceived a shift in how they experienced time with greater awareness of being present-focussed and they identified stress reduction benefits, which included feeling calmer, less panicked and more self-accepting. However, some of the participants maintaining the formal mindfulness practices like the body scan, meditation and mindful movement after the programme often proved difficult, as they were drawn back into their dominant narratives around time which were characterised by busyness, productivity and time scarcity.

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32

Riggs, Amy Jo. "Calories vs. composition : the effects of dietary alterations on anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters in overweight women". Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231345.

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TITLE: Calories vs. Composition: The effect on dietary alterations on anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters in overweight women.LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine if a high-protein, low-carbohydrate, ad-libitum diet is more effective than an energy-restricted diet in promoting weight loss and improving blood lipid and insulin levels.ABSTRACT TEXT: Thirty overweight/obese (BMI: 25-35kg/m2), premenopausal women were matched for Body Mass Index (BMI) and randomly assigned to one of the two diets: (1) High Protein (HP) (30-40% protein, 40-55% fat, 10-20% CHO); (2) Energy Restricted (ER) (1200kcal/d, 20-25% fat, 15-20% protein, 55-60% CHO). Subjects were given weekly menus matching their assigned macronutrient and/or energy requirements to aid in meal planning and dietary compliance. Baseline and post-diet measures included height, weight, body composition, blood lipids (total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL< and triglycerides (TG)], and plasma insulin levels. There were no significant differences found among the two groups in any of the above-listed variables prior to the study. Twenty-three women completed the 6-week study (HP=11, ER= 12). Compliance to the diets was adequate as indicated by weekly 24-hour recalls and daily urinary ketone levels. Both groups lost a significant amount of weight and body fat (P<0.05), andweight and body fat losses were not significantly different between the groups. In addition, both groups experienced similar decreases in TG, TC, LDL, HDL, and insulin levels. These results indicate that a HP diet is no more effective than an ER diet in promoting favorable changes in body weight, body composition, blood lipids, and insulin levels.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

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33

King, Sharron G. "The differential effects of empathic reflection and empathic reflection plus the gestalt empty-chair dialogue on the issue of unfinished business". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28090.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the specific client issue of unfinished business by comparing the differential effectiveness of empathy plus the Gestalt empty-chair technique and empathic reflection. The population consisted of 28 subjects drawn from students enrolled in the first year of a Master's Degree program in Counselling Psychology at a major university. The subjects received two counselling sessions in either the empathy plus Gestalt condition or the Empathic reflection condition. Two relationship instruments, the Empathy Scale of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory and the Task Dimension of the Working Alliance Inventory, were administered to assess the subject's perception of their therapist's behaviour and to screen for subjects who were not engaged in the process. Two outcome measures, the Target Complaint Measure and the Affective Reactions Questionnaire, were used to assess the amount of resolution subjects felt in their presenting complaint and the amount of change in their feelings toward the significant other. Two session measures, the Session Evaluation Questionnaire and the Target Complaint Discomfort Box Scale, were used to assess the current amount of discomfort regarding the presenting complaint and to evaluate the subject's perception of the sessions. The study showed that empathy plus the Gestalt empty-chair dialogue produced significantly more tolerance in the subjects' feelings toward a significant other person as measured by the Affective Reactions Questionnaire on an issue of unfinished business than those produced by empathic reflection. The results further suggest that a greater improvement in initial target complaint as measured by the Target Complaint Measure was felt for the empathy plus Gestalt condition than for the empathic reflection condition. The review of the literature suggests that the issue of unfinished business is an important one and the tentative results from this study suggest the need for further investigation to determine if the preliminary results are upheld in a clinical setting. The tentative results suggest that the Gestalt empty-chair dialogue in the context of an empathic relationship may make a contribution to the treatment of the issue of unfinished business.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

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34

Mathis, Barbara. "Selected Vocal Exercises and Their Relationship to Specific Laryngeal Conditions: a Description of Seven Case Studies". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331362/.

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Good vocal health is a vital concern for those people who use the voice in a professional capacity, such as teachers, singers, actors, clergymen, and lawyers. Research in the area of vocal health reveals the need to determine if specific exercises are beneficial to the voice and if exercises used to train the singing voice might be beneficial to alleviate pathological and/or dysfunctional voice disorders. The purpose of this study was to describe the response of a variety of pathological voices to a selected set of singing exercises. Subjects were selected from the private practice of cooperating physicians who felt that the vocal instruction and exercise program might be helpful to the teachers, students, professional "pop" singers, and housewife-singers who were diagnosed to have muscle tension dysphonia, nodules, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, or iatrogenic dysphonia. Instrumentation for assessing conditions before, during, and after exercise included a brief case history, subject interviews, attending physicians' medical charts, flexible fiberoptic video nasolaryngoscopy, video cassette recorder and video tape segments, three physician/observers, and a specific diagnostic procedure which provided a method of assessing organic, functional, and perceptual variables. For the exercise program the researcher chose seven vocalises from the routine designed by Allan R. Lindquest, whose techniques combined those of the Italian school with those of Swedish studios which produced such singers as Flagstad and Bjoerling. The seven vocalises included a warm up "massage" and exercises for separation and blending of the registers, vowel clarity and modification, tone focus, vocal attack, and flexibility. Since all the subjects showed improvement after exercise in the vocal conditions observed in this study, these vocalises and technique may be helpful to alleviate pathological conditions and/or dysfunctional behavior in other subjects. The researcher further suggests that the voice profession investigate the efficiency of other techniques, exercises, and musical vocalises which might bring about positive changes in vocal conditions and behavior.

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Kim, Jeonga. "Meaning-Making Interactions to Co-construct Written Texts between Graduate Student Clinicians (GSCs) and Children with Language and Learning Difficulties (LLD)| Two Case Studies". Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843889.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the complex features of writing intervention of Graduate Student Clinicians (GSCs) for children with Language and Learning Difficulties (LLD) upon the qualitative research paradigm. To do this, verbal and non-verbal interactions, a total of two hours 18 minutes and 44 four seconds and a total of 2,170 turns of the four writing sessions of the two dyads, were video-taped, transcribed, and encoded depending on the contexts, purposes, and strategies.

The complexity in the process of writing by the two dyads was revealed and compared in terms of the activities of turns exchanged and time allocated in the two GSCs’ strategies for writing intervention and the two children’s responses throughout the writing sessions. The findings of this study indicate the two dyads demonstrated two distinct interactional features in verbal and non-verbal behaviors in terms of whether GSCs were concentrated on process or products, and they used different strategies for verbal and non-verbal intervention. The responses of children with LLD revealed in the overall dynamic features of writing sessions were greatly influenced by the GSCs’ verbal and non-verbal strategies.

The child in Dyad One in which GSC-One focused more on implicit and symmetric process-oriented mediations successfully engaged in various writing activities while the child in Dyad Two in which GSC-Two focused on explicit asymmetric product-oriented mediations tended to be confused while less effectively engaged in the verbal and non-verbal interactions. The conclusion was made to emphasize that the transferability of GSCs’ writing interventions strategies into the writing process of children with LLD, and the importance of training future Speech Language Pathologists by allowing them understand their roles in the process rather than the results of writing.

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Mauck, Rebecca A. "The effect of prior education on the learning effect associated with the six-minute walk test in patients with congestive heart failure". Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260490.

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A learning effect has been shown to be present in the repeated performance of the six-minute walk test and contributes to the variability of walk distance up to the third walk test. The purpose of this study was to see if education about the performance of the walk test could minimize the learning effect. It was hypothesized that education about the learning effect would decrease the learning effect. There were a total of 18 subjects (5 female and 13 male) with a mean age of 63.7+12.1 years that completed three standardized six-minute walk tests. The subjects were randomly assigned to either a Learning Effect Education (LEE) group or a Usual Care (UC) group. The LEE group was provided with education material about the learning effect approximately two days prior to their first walk test, with additional instruction immediately prior to their first walk test. The mean walk distances for the LEE group over the three walk tests were 1,248±297.4, 1,361.9±275.7, and 1,355.1+291.7 feet, respectively. Mean walk distances for the UC group over the three walk tests were 1,149.6+392.3, 1,123.6+427.5, and 1,209.9±368.7 feet, respectively. The hypothesis was tested and the repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant (p=0.033) interaction between the groups with respect to six-minute walk distance. A Bonferroni's post hoc analysis showed that mean walk distance (113.9+42.3 feet) increased significantly (p=0.048) from test one to test two in the LEE group. There was no significant difference between mean walk distance from test two and test three (6.8+31.1 feet) in the LEE group. In the UC group, there was no significant increase in mean walk distance from test one to test two (-26+42.3 feet), while there was a significant (p=0.04) increase in mean walk distance from test two to test three (86.3+31.1 feet). There was a significant difference between walk tests (p=0.011) with no significant difference between groups (p=0.333). In conclusion, the results from this study suggest that education may reduce the number of familiarization trials needed prior obtaining an accurate baseline six-minute walk test distance.
School of Physical Education

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37

Hsieh, Hsin-Ju. "A case series study of Vitapex® pulpectomy treatment in primary teeth II". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/hsieh.pdf.

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Griess, Julie Omodio. "A Canine Audience: The Effect of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Reading Progress Among Students Identified with Learning Disabilities". Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1649.

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This study explored the use of animal-assisted therapy with students identified with a learning disability and limited reading success. Initially, reading progress was defined as the participants' comprehension rate obtained from an oral Informal Reading Inventory (IRI) passage. The nature of the Informal Reading Inventory requires the introduction of more difficult reading passages as the student's comprehension rate increases, potentially masking the overall effect of the intervention. Due to this factor and erratic student performance, which is a common characteristic of students with learning disabilities, obtaining consistent comprehension rates was difficult. Therefore, progress was defined only as total amount of time the student was engaged in reading under each condition. A reversal replication, single case design was implemented to determine the effects of reading to the therapy dog on the students' reading progress as measured by total amount of time read. The analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in the total amount of reading time as determined by the participants in the presence of the therapy dog. Positive student feedback about their experience reading with the therapy dog supported the effect of the intervention on reading progress.

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Fitzpatrick, Fiona. "A search for home: The role of art therapy in understanding the experiences of Bosnian refugees in Western Australia [thesis]". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/173.

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The current research aimed to study the potential value of using art therapy as an intervention with refugees. Through a case study design the immigration experiences of two Bosnian refugees in Perth, Western Australia were explored. Through a study of individual interview data and the art work of the participants, recurring themes and symbols, as well as verbal and written responses that relate to the refugee experience of home and journey were examined. The theoretical framework for the approach to this research draws from a combination of archetypal, existential and psychodynamic theories.

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40

Boshoff, Annemi. "Kinders se ervaring van 'n sibbe met kanker: 'n kwalitatiewe studie". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1721.

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Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology)--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
This study focused on South African siblings' experiences of a brother or sister with cancer. Social constructionism was used as an epistemological framework. Three in-depth interviews with siblings (ages 12 – 16 years) of pediatric cancer patients, were done. The case study approach was chosen as the most suitable method to gain the information. The thematic content analysis was the method of analysis. Participants' experiences with regard to their siblings' cancer were reconstructed according to themes. Recurring themes were elucidated and linked with the literature. The study allowed participants to express their conscious and unconscious experiences by means of verbal and non-verbal (art activities) communication. Results support the concern by previous studies about siblings' vulnerability since the diagnosis of a brother's/sister's cancer. The uniqueness of each sib's experience and the implementation of individualy-centered intervention strategies is emphasized. Educational Psychologists as well as members of the multidisciplinary team (teachers, medical and nursing staff, parents, family and peers) interested in supporting siblings of pediatric cancer patients can benefit from this study.

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41

Rostohar, Jennifer Weeks Robb Sheri L. "The effects of a multiphase music therapy intervention on the acquisition of social skills among pre-schoolers with visual impairments two case studies /". Diss., UMK access, 2006.

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Thesis (M.M. Ed.)--Conservatory of Music. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2006.
"A thesis in music education." Typescript. Advisor: Sheri Robb. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Nov. 9, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-68). Online version of the print edition.

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42

Scheitz, Maria A. "The Implementation of Performance Management Techniques in a Time of Economic Recovery: The Case of Louisville". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1407405132.

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43

Li, Christopher I.-Fu. "Relationship between hormonal, reproductive, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors and risk of lobular and ductal breast cancer /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10932.

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44

Stamou, George. "Virtual Reality Therapy for the Enhancement of Traditional Therapies for post-natal depression". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/14109.2021.683002.

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The overall objective of this research project was to explore the combination of a traditional treatment for postnatal depression (PND), such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), with the use of virtual reality (VR) technology. This project set out to respond to five objectives 1) to study which treatments were the most effective and frequent for the treatment of PND, 2) to identify which components of CBT were used most frequently for the treatment of PND, 3) to identify whether VR had ever been used for the treatment of PND, and whether VR could be combined with traditional therapy and implemented in a clinical setting, 4) to study the feasibility and acceptance of this CBT plus VR intervention protocol 5) to explore the preliminary efficacy of the combination of CBT with VR for the treatment of PND.
El objetivo general de este proyecto de investigación era explorar la combinación de un tratamiento tradicional para la depresión postnatal (DPN), como la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC), con el uso de la tecnología de realidad virtual (RV). Este proyecto se propuso responder a cinco objetivos. 1) estudiar qué tratamientos eran los más eficaces y frecuentes para el tratamiento del DPN. 2) para identificar qué componentes de la TCC se utilizaban con más frecuencia para el tratamiento del DPN. 3) para identificar si la RV se había utilizado alguna vez para el tratamiento del DPN, y si la RV podía combinarse con una terapia tradicional e implementarse en un entorno clínico. 4) estudiar la viabilidad y aceptación de este protocolo de intervención de CBT más RV, es decir, identificar si la combinación de la TCC con la tecnología de RV era factible y aceptable. 5) explorar la eficacia preliminar de la combinación de la TCC con la RV para el tratamiento del DPN.
Programa de Doctorat en Psicologia

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45

Steele-Abundez, Carmen F. "The effects of peer versus therapist mediated music improvisation groups on quality of social interaction between adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and general education peers". Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/770.

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46

Ngai, Suet-man Beatrice, e 倪雪敏. "Evaluation of a rational emotional behaviour therapy (REBT) group programme for students with low self-esteem". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3196039X.

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47

Pimentel-Santos, Fernando Manuel. "Ankylosing spondylitis: genomic and functional characterization of candidate genes and their repercussion in clinical practice". Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7806.

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RESUMO: Introdução: A espondilite anquilosante (EA) é uma doença inflamatória crónica caracterizada pela inflamação das articulações sacroilíacas e da coluna. A anquilose progressiva motiva uma deterioração gradual da função física e da qualidade de vida. O diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces podem contribuir para um melhor prognóstico. Neste contexto, a identificação de biomarcadores, assume-se como sendo muito útil para a prática clínica e representa hoje um grande desafio para a comunidade científica. Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivos: 1 - caracterizar a EA em Portugal; 2 - investigar possíveis associações entre genes, MHC e não-MHC, com a suscetibilidade e as características fenotípicas da EA; 3 - identificar genes candidatos associados a EA através da tecnologia de microarray. Material e Métodos: Foram recrutados doentes com EA, de acordo com os critérios modificados de Nova Iorque, nas consultas de Reumatologia dos diferentes hospitais participantes. Colecionaram-se dados demográficos, clínicos e radiológicos e colhidas amostras de sangue periférico. Selecionaram-se de forma aleatória, doentes HLA-B27 positivos, os quais foram tipados em termos de HLA classe I e II por PCR-rSSOP. Os haplótipos HLA estendidos foram estimados pelo algoritmo Expectation Maximization com recurso ao software Arlequin v3.11. As variantes alélicas dos genes IL23R, ERAP1 e ANKH foram estudadas através de ensaios de discriminação alélica TaqMan. A análise de associação foi realizada utilizando testes da Cochrane-Armitage e de regressão linear, tal como implementado pelo PLINK, para variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas, respetivamente. O estudo de expressão génica foi realizado por Illumina HT-12 Whole-Genome Expression BeadChips. Os genes candidatos foram validados usando qPCR-based TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDAs). Resultados: Foram incluídos 369 doentes (62,3% do sexo masculino, com idade média de 45,4 ± 13,2 anos, duração média da doença de 11,4 ± 10,5 anos). No momento da avaliação, 49,9% tinham doença axial, 2,4% periférica, 40,9% mista e 7,1% entesopática. A uveíte anterior aguda (33,6%) foi a manifestação extra-articular mais comum. Foram positivos para o HLA-B27, 80,3% dos doentes. Os haplótipo A*02/B*27/Cw*02/DRB1*01/DQB1*05 parece conferir suscetibilidade para a EA, e o A*02/B*27/Cw*01/DRB1*08/DQB1*04 parece conferir proteção em termos de atividade, repercussão funcional e radiológica da doença. Três variantes (2 para IL23R e 1 para ERAP1) mostraram significativa associação com a doença, confirmando a associação destes genes com a EA na população Portuguesa. O mesmo não se verificou com as variantes estudadas do ANKH. Não se verificou associação entre as variantes génicas não-MHC e as manifestações clínicas da EA. Foi identificado um perfil de expressão génica para a EA, tendo sido validados catorze genes - alguns têm um papel bem documentado em termos de inflamação, outros no metabolismo da cartilagem e do osso. Conclusões: Foi estabelecido um perfil demográfico e clínico dos doentes com EA em Portugal. A identificação de variantes génicas e de um perfil de expressão contribuem para uma melhor compreensão da sua fisiopatologia e podem ser úteis para estabelecer modelos com relevância em termos de diagnóstico, prognóstico e orientação terapêutica dos doentes. -----------ABSTRACT: Background: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation in the spine and sacroiliac joints leading to progressive joint ankylosis and in progressive deterioration of physical function and quality of life. An early diagnosis and early therapy may contribute to a better prognosis. The identification of biomarkers would be helpful and represents a great challenge for the scientific community. Objectives: The present study had the following aims: 1- to characterize the pattern of AS in Portuguese patients; 2- to investigate MHC and non-MHC gene associations with susceptibility and phenotypic features of AS and; 3- to identify candidate genes associated with AS by means of whole-genome microarray. Material and Methods: AS was defined in accordance to the modified New York criteria and AS cases were recruited from hospital outcares patient clinics. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and blood samples collected. A random group of HLA-B27 positive patients and controls were selected and typed for HLA class I and II by PCR-rSSOP. The extended HLA haplotypes were estimated by Expectation Maximization Algorithm using Arlequin v3.11 software. Genotyping of IL23R, ERAP1 and ANKH allelic variants was carried out with TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. Association analysis was performed using the Cochrane-Armitage and linear regression tests as implemented in PLINK, for dichotomous and quantitative variables, respectively. Gene expression profile was carried out using Illumina HT-12 Whole-Genome Expression BeadChips and candidate genes were validated using qPCR-based TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDAs). Results: A total of 369 patients (62.3% male; mean age 45.4±13.2 years; mean disease duration 11.4±10.5 years), were included. Regarding clinical disease pattern, at the time of assessment, 49.9% had axial disease, 2.4% peripheral disease, 40.9% mixed disease and 7.1% isolated enthesopathic disease. Acute anterior uveitis (33.6%) was the most common extra-articular manifestation. 80.3% of AS patients were HLA-B27 positive. The haplotype A*02/B*27/Cw*02/DRB1*01/DQB1*05 seems to confer susceptibility to AS, whereas A*02/B*27/Cw*01/DRB1*08/DQB1*04 seems to provide protection in terms of disease activity, functional and radiological repercussion. Three markers (two for IL23R and one for ERAP1) showed significant single-locus disease associations. Association of these genes with AS in the Portuguese population was confirmed, whereas ANKH markers studied did not show an association with AS. No association was seen between non-MHC genes and clinical manifestations of AS. A gene expression signature for AS was established; among the fourteen validated genes, a number of them have a well-documented inflammatory role or in modulation of cartilage and bone metabolism. Conclusions: A demographic and clinical profile of patients with AS in Portugal was established. Identification of genetic variants of target genes as well as gene expression signatures could provide a better understanding of AS pathophysiology and could be useful to establish models with relevance in terms of susceptibility, prognosis, and potential therapeutic guidance.

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Glassman, David Scott. "Parent training programmes : identifying predictors of attendance and engagement". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669842.

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49

Sousa, Carina Isabel Correia de. "Diversidade genética e resistência natural ao Maraviroc em estirpes do vírus da imunodeficiência humana Tipo 1 (HIV-1) em circulação em utilizadores de drogas por via endovenosa na Grande Lisboa". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8170.

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RESUMO: O maraviroc (MVC) é o único anti-retroviral antagonista do co-receptor CCR5 licenciado e interage com as ansas transmembranares de CCR5, induzindo uma alteração da sua conformação e impedindo a interacção com gp120. O MVC é activo apenas contra estirpes R5 de HIV-1, sendo utilizado em terapia de recurso. Neste trabalho, foi estudada a diversidade genética da região C2V3C3 do gene env de estirpes de HIV-1 de oxicodependentes por via endovenosa da Grande Lisboa, pesquisando-se também a presença de polimorfismos genéticos naturais. Foram utilizadas 52 amostras de plasma e para 35 destas foi amplificado por RT-nested PCR um produto de 565 pb. A análise filogenética revelou a seguinte distribuição de genótipos: 23 B (incluindo, provavelmente, 2 CRF14_BG), 8 A, 3 G e 1 F1. Após tradução, e por comparação com a sequência consenso B, verificou-se uma elevada frequência de polimorfismos genéticos, sendo encontradas algumas “assinaturas de aminoácidos” relativas aos subtipos não-B. Realizou-se ainda uma pesquisa de locais de N-glicosilação e a previsão da utilização de co-receptores (abordagem genotípica), com recurso às regras 11/25 e da carga líquida da ansa V3 e aos programas PSSM e geno2pheno[coreceptor]. Observou-se uma conservação genérica do número de locais de N-glicosilação e foram identificadas 5 sequências com tropismo X4 ou duplo. Por fim, com base na literatura, realizou-se uma pesquisa de polimorfismos genéticos associados a resistência ao MVC presentes na ansa V3. Foi observado um número elevado destas mutações. A presença dos padrões 11S+26V e 20F+25D+26V, num total de 3 sequências, é relevante, visto estes estarem inequivocamente associados à resistência in vivo ao MVC. Apesar de não estar ainda definido um perfil de resistência para o MVC, a presença das mutações encontradas, em indivíduos sem contacto prévio com o fármaco, trará implicações relevantes na sua gestão clínica, considerando a introdução do MVC na terapia de recurso.---------- ABSTRACT: Maraviroc (MVC) is the only CCR5 inhibitor licensed today. This drug interacts with the transmembrane helices of CCR5 co-receptor, inducing a conformation change of its extracellular loops and preventing the interaction with gp120. MVC is only active against R5 strains of HIV-1 and is currently used in salvage therapy. The genetic diversity of the env C2V3C3 region of HIV-1 strains from injecting drug users in the Greater Lisbon was studied, along with the presence of natural genetic polymorphisms. 52 plasma samples were used and the amplification by RT-nested PCR of a 565 bp-product was possible in 35 of them. The phylogenetic analysis revealed 23 sequences classified as subtype B (probably including 2 CRF14_BG), 8 A, 3 G and 1 F1. After translation, the presence of natural genetic polymorphisms was studied by comparison to a subtype B consensus. A high frequency of genetic polymorphisms was observed and significant “amino acid signatures” were found in association with non-B subtypes. A full characterization of the N-glycosylation sites was also performed and a coreceptor prediction (genotypic approach) was accomplished using the 11/25 and the V3 net charge rules and the programs PSSM and geno2pheno[coreceptor]. The number of N-glycosylation sites was generically preserved. Five sequences were defined as X4 or dual-tropic. Based on published data, a search for genetic polymorphisms, present in V3loop, associated to MVC resistance was finally undertaken. Several of such mutations were observed, being particularly interesting the presence of the patterns 11S+26V and 20F+25D+26V, in a total of 3 sequences, since these patterns have unequivocally been associated with MVC resistance in vivo. Although a resistance profile for MVC is not yet defined, the presence of these mutations in MVC-naïve populations may have significant impact in their clinical management in the future, especially considering the introduction of this drug in salvage therapy.

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50

Badenhorst, Corlischa Amanda. "Graad 8-leerders se geleefde ervaring van die gebruik van fiktiewe karakters in die Lewensoriënteringklaskamer". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71871.

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Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
Includes bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The political and social changes that occurred after 1994 in South Africa, inevitably led to the emergence of a new educational era. Life Orientation (LO) was introduced as a new learning area within the Revised National Curriculum Statement (RNCS) and seeks to preventatively empower learners to take up their legitimate place as citizens within the national and international society (DoE, 2003:2). LO cannot only be liable for the holistic development of individual learners. The community in which learners grow up are faced with unique challenges that will inescapably influence their development. I highlight the influence of “Ubuntu” and “Ukama” on the process of becoming of each individual and therefore use the ecosystemic perspective as a theoretical framework for this study. I reflect on my own experiences within the LO classroom that led to the creation of fictional characters and case studies as a teaching strategy. In this study I distinguish between case study as a teaching strategy and a research methodology. I determine the lived experiences of Grade 8 learners in a secondary school where this teaching strategy was used within the LO classroom. A case study as research methodology is used where qualitative data was produced through personal documentation. A random sample of ten participants from the case study is used to obtain a thorough understanding of their lived experiences. Qualitative data was further produced by twenty individual and two focus group interviews with the sample group. I used the constant comparative method to ensure that I identify the units of meaning and discuss the findings on the basis of three categories. First, the data indicated that the participants found guidance through the case studies of the characters. Secondly, it appeared that the experiences of the characters influenced the participants’ decision making processes. Thirdly, the data indicated that participants used this teaching strategy as a platform to voice their own personal emotions and experiences. On the basis of Gilles Deleuze (in Wallin, 2010) and Magdeleine Grumet (1981) this study emphasizes the potential role that an evolving, active form of curriculum can play in the becoming processes of each individual learner and teacher. I conclude by recommending that uniqueness and diversity must be encouraged within the classroom to ensure that curriculum will not be a homogeneous policy document, but that it will be active and developmental in nature. I use the work of Wallin (2010), Sutton and Martin-Jones (2008) and Grumet (1981) to offer new insights about the pedagogical making process within the South African context.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die politiese en sosiale veranderinge wat na 1994 binne Suid-Afrika plaasgevind het, het onvermydelik gelei tot die ontstaan van ŉ nuwe opvoedkundige era. Lewensoriëntering (LO) was as ŉ nuwe leerarea binne die Hersiene Nasionale Kurrikulumverklaring (HNKV) bekendgestel en poog om op ŉ voorkomende wyse leerders te bemagtig om hul geregmatige plek as burgers binne die nasionale, sowel as internasionale samelewing op te neem (DvO, 2003:2). LO kan nie alleen aanpreeklik gehou word vir die holistiese ontwikkeling van individuele leerders nie. Die gemeenskap waarbinne die individuele leerders groot word het sy unieke uitdagings en sal daarom onwillekeurig hierdie ontwikkelingsproses beïnvloed. Ek beklemtoon daarom “Ubuntu” en “Ukama” se invloed op die individu se wordingsproses en gebruik die ekosistemiese perspektief as ŉ teoretiese raamwerk vir hierdie studie. Ek reflekteer oor my eie ervarings binne die LO-klaskamer wat aanleiding gegee het tot die ontstaan van fiktiewe karakters en gevallestudies as onderrigstrategie. In hierdie studie onderskei ek tussen gevallestudies as onderrigstrategie en navorsingsmetodologie. Ek bepaal die geleefde ervaring van graad 8-leerders in een sekondêre skool waar dié onderrigstrategie in die LO-klaskamer gebruik word. ŉ Gevallestudie word as navorsingsmetodologie gebruik waar kwalitatiewe data deur persoonlike dokumentasie geproduseer is. Ten einde ŉ deeglike begrip te verkry van die gevallestudie se geleefde ervaring is ŉ ewekansige steekproef van tien deelnemers gebruik. Kwalitatiewe data is verder deur twintig individuele en twee fokusgroeponderhoude met hierdie steekproef geproduseer. Ek het deurgaans die konstante vergelykende metode om eenhede van betekenis te identifiseer gebruik en bespreek my bevindinge aan die hand van drie kategorieë. Eerstens dui die data aan dat deelnemers leiding uit die gevallestudies van karakters ontvang het. Tweedens blyk dit of die ervarings van die karakters die deelnemers se besluitnemingsproses beïnvloed het. Derdens dui die data aan dat deelnemers hierdie onderrigstrategie as ŉ platform gebruik het wat hulle in staat gestel het om uiting aan hul persoonlike emosies en ervarings te gee. Ten slotte beklemtoon hierdie navorsingstudie aan die hand van Gilles Deleuze (in Wallin, 2010) en Magdeleine Grumet (1981) se werk die potensiële rol wat ŉ ontwikkelende, aktiewe vorm van kurrikulum in die wordingsproses van elke individuele leerder en opvoeder kan speel. Ek beveel daarom aan dat uniekhede en diversiteit binne die klaskamer aangemoedig moet word ten einde te verseker dat kurrikulum nie as ŉ homogene beleidsdokument aanvaar word nie, maar dat dit aktief en ontwikkelend van aard sal wees. Ek gebruik die werk van Wallin (2010), Sutton en Martin-Jones (2008) en Grumet (1981) om nuwe insigte rondom die pedagogiese wordingsproses binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks aan te bied.

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