Tesi sul tema "Diaries"

This is a book-length work of memoir/creative non-fiction focused around my father’s sudden death and the resulting effects, direct and indirect, on my family and myself. To borrow the disclaimer Maggie Nelson makes at the beginning of her book, The Red Parts: “This book is a memoir, which is to say that it relies on my memory and consists primarily of my personal interpretations of events and, where indicated, my imaginative recreation of them. Conversations and other events have been recreated to evoke the substance of what was said or what occurred, but are not intended to be perfect representations.”

Both sleep diaries and actigraphy have been recommended to assess sleep in research and clinical settings. Investigators have traditionally used sleep diaries that were completed daily by participants and collected weekly but have recently begun using sleep diaries that are both completed and collected daily. No research had previously assessed the agreement between daily-collected sleep diaries and actigraph data over one week. Undergraduate students were randomly assigned to use daily- or weekly-collected sleep diaries. Sleep parameters obtained from these measures were compared to each other via concordance with concurrent actigraph data. It was hypothesized that daily-collected sleep diaries would have greater concordance with actigraphy than weekly-collected sleep diaries. Results indicated that daily-collected sleep diaries provided more reliable data than weekly-collected sleep diaries, but the differences were not statistically significant. Additional aims examined self-reported sleep diary adherence, the participation day number, and day of the week. There were trends for the Daily group to have better adherence. Overall concordance did not change based on the day number or day of the week. Both sleep diaries yield comparable sleep parameter data, suggesting that clinicians and researchers can use either method to estimate sleep parameters.

This paper argues that historical consciousness is a conceptual system comprising interactive elements which allow evaluation of the temporal/historical universe and self placement in time/history. It further contends that historical consciousness operates in lived existence and may be analyzed through personal life records- diaries. The elements of historical consciousness, identified by assessing previous works on the phenomenon, comprise a model which is applied to seven British diaries written in the late eighteenth century. Application allows description of a specific manifestation of historical consciousness. In the tradition of mentalite we will see both how the diarists make sense of temporal/historical experience and what kind of sense they make.
Arts, Faculty of
History, Department of
Graduate

In my preface I have tried to show what a diary is, why they might be of interest to others, why I think they are valid and should be considered as such. I have defended my diary as being worthy material for a thesis, or myself as worthy of being called a writer. (Traditionally, writing in a diary doesn't qualify one as being a writer, even though you might write millions of pages and spend your entire lives doing it.) Edited selections of my diary make up the body of the thesis. These selections are divided into four main sections which suggested themselves during editing. To summarize the diary as a whole, I would say it's about human relationships.

Syfte: Jag har velat svara på frågeställningarna hur maskulinitet och femininitet framställs i "The Vampire Diaries" Tidigare forskning: I min teori har jag utgått från Linda Fagerström och Maria Nilson som har forskat om hur medier påverkar våra perspektiv angående genus, Marguerite Morits som har studerat filmer och serier i televisionen i Amerika på 1970-talet utifrån ett genusperspektiv och Emile Durkheim som har studerat maskulinitet och femininitet i samhället utifrån ett historiskt perspektiv Metod och material: Jag har utfört en semiotisk analys av de tre första avsnitten i den första säsongen av "The vampire diaries". Det är en serie som sänds i televisionen på kanalen TV6 i Sverige och på kanalen CW i Amerika. Semiotik kan kortfattat beskrivas som teckenlära. I analysen har jag utgått från ett genusperspektiv. Huvudresultat: Jag har funnit en framställning av femininitet och två framställningar av maskulinitet i "The Vampire Diaries". De båda maskulina framställningarna liknar varandra samtidigt som det finns skillnader mellan dem. Detsamma går att finna mellan dem och den feminina framställningen.

The evidence of these diaries, all written in the nineteenth century, reveals the heterogeneous nature of early settler society in the Eastern Cape. Generalizations can only be of the most tenuous kind in such a small sample; but women tend to dwell on the domestic, the men on their public lives, the most reticent about their private lives are the soldiers. There is one diary which can be described as personal; the diarists did not regard their diaries as appropriate repositories of their personal triumphs and failures. The perceptions formed in Britain about the land and people of Africa are not drastically modified upon arrival unless the diarist experiences a prolongued contact with either.

Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formattted into pages: contains 92 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-92). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.

La thèse comporte sept chapitres. Nous présentons, dans le premier chapitre, une étude qui montre les traits particuliers des pauvres et la façon dont ils perçoivent leur propre pauvreté. Le second chapitre est consacré à une revue de la littérature sur l'utilisation d'agenda de gestion du temps comme outil de collecte de données en recherche qualitative. Le troisième chapitre propose une version modifiée du "modèle de portefeuille économique du ménage” (HEP) de Chen et Dunn (1996). Le modèle modifié (M-HEP) permet une évaluation non expérimentale de 1’impact de la microfinance. Nous l’avons mis en place via la collecte d’informations simples auto-déclarées sur 1’utilisation quotidienne du temps et de l’argent auprès d'un échantillon de femmes pauvres du Caire (Egypte). Le quatrième chapitre propose une étude testant ce modèle (M-HEP) auprès de personnes en situation de handicap. Le cinquième chapitre s'attache à une étude qui souligne une limite des journaux combinés "non stylisés" ou "non-directifs". Le sixième chapitre expose l’utilisation de jeux expérimentaux sur un échantillon de population du Caire en comparant le comportement des clients de la microfinance à celui de non-clients. Le dernier chapitre expose une étude d’évaluation d’impact de la microfinance sur le genre au Mali, utilisant une méthode quasi-expérimentale. Enfin, en guise de conclusion, nous préconisons 1’utilisation du modèle M-HEP dans l’étude de l’évaluation de I’impact de la microfinance. Nous avons effectué’ une étude comparative des trois méthodes utilisées dans la thèse à savoir la méthode qualitative non-expérimentale et les méthodes quantitatives expérimentales et quasi-expérimentales
The thesis is built on seven chapters. In chapter 1, we explore the views on poverty of a sample of poor women. In chapter 2, we review the literature on the use of time-diary in research. Chapter 3 develops and investigates the diary method as a qualitative non-experimental impact evaluation tool. For this objective, we study "the household economic portfolio model (HEP)“ a comprehensive impact evaluation model designed by Chen and Dunn (1996) that overcomes the obstacle of fungibility of money. We propose a modified version (M-HEP), a simplified framework for non- experimental evaluation of impact with clear assessment units and efficient measurement tools. The collection of simple self-reported information on the daily use of time and money is suggested for implementing the model. We test our proposition with a case study from Cairo. In chapter 4, we provide another test of the combined diaries through a case study on two poor single mothers one of whom is handicapped. In chapter 5, we present a fina1 example on the combined diary of a poor woman. The study highlights one limitation in the non-stylized combined diary approach. In chapter 6, we use experimental games in Cairo to study two aspects of behavioral microfinance by comparing microfinance clients to non-clients. In chapter 7, we present an impact evaluation study on microfinance in Mali, using the quasi-experimental statistical technique. Finally, we conclude the thesis suggesting applications of the M-HEP, and comparing the three methods used in the thesis. This comparisons aims to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods when used for evaluating microfinance impact

This thesis investigates new ways of reading eighteenth century British diaries and argues that these narratives do not necessarily rely upon the idea of the self as a single, unitary source of meaning. This contradicts what has traditionally been viewed as the very essence of autobiography (Gusdorf, 1954; Olney, 1980, 1988). Close readings of the diaries of John Wesley, Mrs Housman, James Boswell and Hannah Ball (all written between 1720 and 1795) show that they construct 'generalised', rather than 'unique' subjects of narrative. The self is seen to be an amalgam of common characteristic more than being a core of psychological impulses. In order to understand the 'generalised' rather than 'unique' subject found in these diaries, this thesis surveys and uses reading strategies informed by theories that can accommodate fragmented narrative forms like diaries. It also investigates the religious and philosophical underpinnings of eighteenth century autobiographical narratives to determine how the self, and consciousness, were popularly perceived in the period known as the Enlightenment (c. 1690-1810). As they are often marked by missing pages, deletions and heavy editing, careful strategies are required in order to 'read with' eighteenth century diary narratives (Sandoval, 1981; Huff, 2000; Raoul, 2001). This practice invites an engagement with philosophical debates about 'self'-the living human being who writes the diary, and the 'subject'-the 'I' produced by narrative. The thesis argues that more than any other type of written narrative, diaries demand an acknowledgement that the subject of narrative does refer to a self that lives in day-to-day relations. Not to acknowledge this is to 'write off experience altogether' (Probyn,1991:111) and exclude the political dimensions of autobiography from the analysis. The thesis concludes that by seeking to answer the questions of 'What am I?' and 'What are we?' rather than the Romantic or psychological question of 'Who am I?', eighteenth century diary narratives create complex relationships between time, subjective and narrative that transcend most theorisations of autobiography to date. This presents an exciting direction forward for a field of scholarship that has been overly concerned with defining its limitations.

My dissertation is a compilation, contextualization, and analysis of thirty-five Stuart women's diaries. My introduction clarifies differences between Puritan and Anglican diaries, provides an overview of the roles of women in the diarist movement, and considers the benefits and consequences of participation in this movement. I also review central issues and texts in relevant scholarship. Chapter one, "The Early Stuart Period," chronicles generic origins of Stuart diaries and examines three lifewriters. "The Civil War and Interregnum" focuses on texts that foreground the horrors of that era, such as aggression by soldiers, spousal arrest, and forced marriage. War diarists deployed God and religion in an attempt to make sense of the chaos and perceived injustice that characterized their wartime experience. "Contexts, Conventions, and Communities" explores the cultural agendas which fueled the diarist movement. I engage with Mary Rich as a model diarist whose self-representation is shaped by clerical mandates and models. During Cromwell's reign, Puritans published diary manuals designed to teach the received method of spiritual journal-keeping, and Rich follows the directions therein. Her texts adhere to sectarian conventions, and she writes in the context of a diary community consisting of clerics, friends, and relatives. "Youth, Marriage, and Motherhood" surveys themes central to diarists writing in the Restoration era. Diarists are outspoken on the topic of marriage, and they are extremely emotive on the subject of their children's deaths. I examine the narrative strategies available to mothers attempting to negotiate their grief within culturally prescribed boundaries. "The Diary Elegy" considers the phenomenon whereby clerics published excerpts from the diaries of deceased Protestants as a means of establishing the piety of these elegized subjects. "Reflections on the Sacred: A Study of Mystical Diaries" situates the journals of the nonconformist Jane Lead and her disciple Ann Bathurst in a mystical tradition. In "The Late Stuart Period," a more secular style of diary gained popularity. However, religious persecution ensured that the spiritual diary--a relatively private form of worship--remained important. My annotated index of diarists includes manuscript and publication details, biographical information, and sample diary entries for each diarist in this study.

An edited transcription of the 1879 to 1887 diaries of Mary Lois Walker Morris (1835-1919). Mary Lois, a plural wife in 19th century Utah, went in and out of hiding between 1885 and 1887 to protect her husband Elias Morris from prosecution for illegal cohabitation. Her daily diaries culminate with the court trial of her husband for illegal cohabitation in September 1887. At the trial, she testified falsely, stating that she had been separated from her husband since the beginning of 1883, when in fact the couple did not separate until May of 1885. As a result, her husband was acquitted. Mary Lois and her husband Elias Morris, a prominent builder and businessman, were in a levirate marriage. Mary Lois had married Elias's brother John in 1852 and came across the plains to Salt Lake City with him. In 1855, when John lay dying, Mary Lois promised him that she would marry his brother Elias and raise up children that would belong to John in the hereafter. John's brother Elias agreed and took Mary Lois as a plural wife in 1856. Together, they had eight children, including LDS apostle George Q. Morris and Nephi Morris, a member of the Utah state legislature. Mary Lois's diaries contain detailed information about her own and her children's church meeting attendance, her time as the president of the Salt Lake 15th Ward Primary Association, her work as a milliner, her attitude toward polygamy and her interactions with her husband and children. Her diaries also give evidence of a rich cultural life that included attendance at many plays and concerts and contain conversations and interaction with many LDS people in Salt Lake City at the time. She records information about courtship patterns, housecleaning, leisure activities, reading material and other aspects of daily life in 19th century Utah. In addition, Mary Lois gives political commentary on the anti-polygamy conflict occurring around her and records her own experience in hiding during the raid.

The methods for collecting travel data about travellers today incorporate either fully manual or semi-automatic elements, which makes the methods susceptible to errors. The travellers might respond subjectively rather than objectively or even wholly incorrect, albeit with or without purpose. For certain types of studies, these are still valid methods for collecting data. However, for specific target groups, it might be hard to respond using these methods, either because of physical or psychological limitations. One of these target groups that is increasing rapidly is elderly in general, and dementia patients in particular, who suffer from fluctuating cognitive skills and memory. These conditions affect the recipient’s ability to answer truthfully and correctly. However, in the strive to form more accessible urban environments, the information regarding the need and behaviour of the said target group is crucial, meaning that new methods for collecting travel data need to be created. The three papers included in this licentiate thesis present the development and trial of a new method for fully automated data collection using biometric data as a dimension. The method attempts to determine how the recipient is affected by the elements presented to them while they travel, such as the built environment, based on the variations in the biometric data dimension. With the rapid advancements in information and communication technology, many new artefacts which open for new possible methods of data collection has been launched and are widely available. The methods and artefacts are not capable of meeting the requirements for the type of data collection method that would be needed to cater to the target group by themselves. However, by combing several types of currently available artefacts and methods, it is theoretically possible to cover the gaps of each artefact and method to create versatile methods for data collection (Paper I). Such methods require tools for physical operationalisation. An exploratory development process has led to the creation of a software tool which could be used with several types of consumer hardware, which means that it would theoretically be possible to conduct extensive surveys fast with low costs where participants utilise their own hardware (Paper II). In order to uncover the usefulness of the tool, an analysis was conducted on a limited dataset which had been collected as a result of a trial of the tool. In an attempt to prove the hypothesis “it is possible to understand how much the dimensions of data collected in specific locations affect the stress of travellers using heart rate as the dependent variable”, data-driven methods of data analysis were explored and utilised. Simple clustering methods, which disregarded any weighting on the dimensions, uncovered if there was any valuable information in the dataset at all. A model had to be created in order to understand better how the different dimensions of the collected data affected the participant (Paper III). This set of papers should indicate whether this type of method is feasible to pursue with the current means of widely available technology and what sort of significance the collected data might hold when analysed with appropriate analysis methods.
Metoderna för att samla in resedata från dagens resenärer inkorporerar antingen helt manuella eller halvautomatiska element, vilket gör dessa metoder mottagliga för fel. Resenärerna kan svara subjektivt snarare än objektivet eller helt inkorrekt, antingen med eller utan avsikt. För vissa typer av studier så är dessa metoder fortfarande meningsfulla att använda för datainsamling. Men för särskilda målgrupper kan det vara svårt att svara på undersökningar som använder dessa metoder, antingen på grund av fysiologiska eller psykologiska begränsningar. En av dessa målgrupper, som är stadigt växande, är den äldre befolkningen generellt, men framförallt demenspatienter, som lider av sviktande kognitiva förmågor och minne. Dessa tillstånd påverkar den svarandes förmåga att svara sanningsenligt och korret. Men i strävan efter att skapa mer tillgängliga stadsmiljöer så är informationen angående behovet och beteendet hos den nämnda målgruppen av yttersta vikt, vilket innebär att nya metoder för att samla in resedata behöver skapas. De tre artiklar som har inkluderats i denna avhandling presenterar utvecklingen och försökstestandet av en ny metod för helt automatisk datainsamling med användandet av biometriska data som en dimension. Metoden försöker att avgöra hur den svarande blir påverkad av element de stöter på medan de reser, såsom det byggda samhället, baserat på variationer i den biometriska datadimensionen. Med de snabba framstegen inom informations- och kommunikationsteknik så har nya artefakter som öppnar för nya möjliga metoder av datainsamling lanserats och är allmänt tillgängliga. Dessa metoder och artefakter är inte kapabla till att möta de krav som ställs för den typ av datainsamlingsmetod som krävs för att kunna tillgodose målgruppen på egen hand. Men genom att kombinera flera typer av de nu tillgängliga artefakterna och metoderna så är det teoretiskt möjligt att täcka luckorna som finns i varje artefakt och metod för att skapa en mer mångsidig metod för datainsamling (Artikel I). Sådana metoder kräver verktyg för att fysiskt operationaliseras. En explorativ utvecklingsprocess har lett till skapandet av ett mjukvaruverktyg som skulle kunna användas med flera typer av konsumenttillgänglig hårdvara, vilket betyder att det skulle vara teoretiskt möjligt att genomföra stora undersökningar snabbt med låga kostnader där deltagarna använder sin egen hårdvara (Artikel II). För att förstå användbarheten av verktyget så gjordes en analys på ett begränsat data-set som hade blivit insamlat som ett resultat av ett försökstestande av verktyget. I ett försök att bevisa hypotesen ”det är möjligt att förstå hur mycket dimensionerna av data som samlats in vid specifika platser påverkar stressen hos resenärer med hjälp av puls som den beroende variabeln” så utforskades och användes data-drivna metoder av dataanalys. Enkla metoder, som inte la någon särskild vikt vid någon särskild dimension, användes för att visa om det fanns någon värdefull information i data-setet överhuvudtaget. En modell behövde skapas för att bättre förstå hur de olika dimensionerna av den insamlade datan påverkar deltagaren (Artikel III). Denna samling artiklar är tänkt att ge en indikation på om denna typ av metodik är rimlig att fortsätta utveckla givet de nu tillgängliga teknologierna och vilken sorts signifikans den insamlade datan kan innehålla när den har analyserats med lämpliga analysmetoder.

Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 2002.
A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Aquesta tesi es basa en l’anàlisi i interpretació qualitativa i reflexiva dels recursos narratius, visuals i sonors que articulen els assajos cinematogràfics “Diary” (1973-1983), “Updated Diary” (1990-1999) i “My Stills” (1952-2002), per descriure les poètiques de l’interval que el seu autor, el cineasta, fotògraf i artista visual brasiler-israelià David Perlov (Rio de Janeiro, 1930 - Tel Aviv, 2003) desplega per representar el desarrelament. El conjunt d’aquests diaris conforma un corpus cinematogràfic únic; un film-fleuve de prop de deu hores que canalitza l’experiència quotidiana de Perlov al llarg de cinquanta anys de la seva vida i esdevé un monumental passatge que connecta els diversos plans en els què oscil·la la realitat representada pel cineasta, entre ells, la seva intimitat afectiva i personal, la seva identitat com a nòmada i les crisis i conflictes bèl·lics en els que Israel es va veure involucrat durant la segona meitat de segle XX. Per modelar una subjectivitat fracturada i en trànsit, Perlov convoca una diversitat d’estratègies assagístiques d’autorepresentació que operen tant a nivell discursiu, com estètic i polític, i que travessen les diverses manifestacions artístiques que va conrear al llarg de la seva vida. Així, les recerques expressives que emprenen els seus diaris recullen elements propis no tan sols de les arts cinematogràfiques, sinó també de la fotografia, la pintura, la literatura i la música. Per aquest motiu la mirada documental de Perlov comporta una gran complexitat audiovisual, rica en girs intertextuals, gests, rostres, cossos, trajectòries, espais, coses, cases, sons, veus i reflexions que s’imbriquen formant un teixit fílmic obert, fluid i intersticial. La investigació aspira a interrogar aquesta multiplicitat de recursos des d’una aproximació interrelacional que examini aquelles pràctiques intersticials que formulen una estètica de l’interval característica en els diaris de Perlov. A partir d’aquest enfocament i fruit de la correspondència entre teoria i anàlisi, la tesi proposa delimitar el concepte de “imatge frontissa” per simbolitzar els passatges, relacions i tensions entre vida i art; entre el privat i el públic; interior i exterior; dins i fora —metaforitzats a la llar i al carrer-; entre el domèstic i el polític; la microhistòria i la macrohistòria; el temps passat i el temps present; entre l’univers dels vius i l’univers dels morts; entre el jo i els altres; entre desterraments i retorns; entre nomadismes, fronteres, pàtries i ciutats (Tel Aviv, Sâo Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, París); pertinença i desarrelament, entre la imatge fixa i la imatge en moviment; entre tecnologies analògiques —el cel·luloide— i dispositius electromagnètics -el vídeo-; entre so i sentit; veu i paraula, per esmentar alguns dels múltiples trànsits a través dels llindars que ens ofereix l’obra de Perlov. Entre d’altres elements, la poètica intersticial de la imatge frontissa es tradueix visualment en la persistent presència de finestres, portes i llindes, com xarneres que regulen els fluxos entre els diferents universos de representació entrellaçats en els diaris de Perlov i les relacions que operen a la problematització del seu desarrelament i estrangeria substancials.
Esta tesis se basa en el análisis e interpretación cualitativa y reflexiva de los recursos narrativos, visuales y sonoros que articulan los ensayos cinematográficos “Diary” (1973-1983), “Updated Diary” (1990-1999) y “My Stills” (1952-2002), para describir las poéticas del intervalo que su autor, el cineasta, fotógrafo y artista visual brasileño-isarelí David Perlov (Río de Janeiro, 1930 - Tel Aviv, 2003) despliega para representar el desarraigo. El conjunto de estos diarios conforma un corpus cinematográfico único; un filme-fleuve de cerca de diez horas que canaliza la experiencia cotidiana de Perlov a lo largo de cincuenta años de su vida y deviene en un monumental pasaje que conecta los diversos planos en los que oscila la realidad representada por el cineasta, entre ellos, su intimidad afectiva y personal, su identidad como nómade y las crisis y conflictos bélicos en los que Israel se vio involucrado durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Para modelar una subjetividad fracturada y en tránsito, Perlov convoca una diversidad de estrategias ensayísticas de autorrepresentación que operan tanto a nivel discursivo, como estético y político, y que atraviesan las diversas manifestaciones artísticas que cultivó a lo largo de su vida. Así, las búsquedas expresivas que emprenden sus diarios congregan elementos propios no solo de las artes cinematográficas, sino también de la fotografía, la pintura, la literatura y la música. De ahí que la mirada documental de Perlov detente una gran complejidad audiovisual, rica en guiños intertextuales, gestos, rostros, cuerpos, trayectorias, espacios, cosas, casas, sonidos, voces y reflexiones que se imbrican formando un tejido fílmico abierto, fluido e intersticial. La investigación aspira a interrogar esta multiplicidad de recursos desde una aproximación interrelacional que examine aquellas prácticas intersticiales que formulan una estética del intervalo característica en los diarios de Perlov. A partir de dicho enfoque y fruto de la correspondencia entre teoría y análisis, la tesis propone delimitar el concepto de “imagen bisagra” para simbolizar los pasajes, relaciones y tensiones entre vida y arte; entre lo privado y lo público; interior y exterior; adentro y afuera —metaforizados en el hogar y la calle—; entre lo doméstico y lo político; la microhistoria y la macrohistoria; el tiempo pasado y el tiempo presente; entre el universo de los vivos y el universo de los muertos; entre el yo y los otros; entre destierros y retornos; entre nomadías, fronteras, patrias y ciudades (Tel Aviv, Sâo Paulo, Río de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, París); pertenencia y desarraigo, entre la imagen fija y la imagen en movimiento; entre tecnologías analógicas —el celuloide— y dispositivos electromagnéticos —el vídeo—; entre sonido y sentido; voz y palabra, por mencionar algunos de los múltiples tránsitos a través de los umbrales que nos ofrece la obra de Perlov. Entre otros elementos, la poética intersticial de la imagen bisagra se traduce visualmente en la persistente presencia de ventanas, puertas y dinteles, como goznes que regulan los flujos entre los distintos universos de representación entrelazados en los diarios de Perlov y las relaciones que operan en la problematización de su desarraigo y extranjería sustanciales.
This thesis is based on a qualitative and reflexive analysis in order to interpret the narrative, visual and sound resources that articulate the cinematographic essays “Diary” (1973-1983), “Updated Diary” (1990-1999) and “My Stills” (1952-2002). These operations seek to describe the poetics of the interval that its author, Brazilian-Israeli filmmaker, photographer and visual artist, David Perlov (Rio de Janeiro, 1930 - Tel Aviv, 2003), displays to represent his uprooting. The set of these diaries forms a unique cinematographic corpus; a filme-fleuve of around ten hours that shapes the daily experience of Perlov throughout fifty years of his life, and becomes a monumental passage that connects the different spheres in which his reality oscillates: his affective and personal intimacy, his identity as a nomad and the crises and wars in which Israel was involved during the second half of the 20th century. In order to depict a fractured and “in transit” subjectivity, Perlov convenes diverse essayistic self-representation strategies that operate on a discursive, aesthetic and political level, and which travers the various artistic manifestations he developed throughout his life. The expressive searches set out by his diaries gather together elements not only from the cinematographic arts, but also from photography, painting, literature and music. Hence, Perlov’s documentary gaze holds a great audiovisual complexity, rich in intertextual winks, gestures, faces, bodies, trajectories, spaces, objects, houses, sounds, voices and reflections that imbricate to shape an open, fluid and interstitial filmic weave. This research aims to interrogate this multiplicity of resources from an inter-relational approach, able to examine those interstitial practices that formulate an aesthetic of the interval, characteristic in Perlov’s diaries. Based on this scheme and as a result of the correspondence between theory and analysis, the thesis proposes to delimit the concept of “hinge image” to symbolize the passages, relations and tensions between life and art; the private and the public; interior and exterior; inside and outside —metaphorized in the home and the street—; between domestic and political; microhistory and macrohistory; past and present; between the universe of the living and the realm of the dead; between the self and the others; between exile and returns; between nomadism, borders, homelands and cities (Tel Aviv, Sâo Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Paris); belonging and uprooting, between the still and the moving image; between analogue technologies —celluloid— and electromagnetic devices —video—; between sound and sense; voice and word, just to mention some of the multiple transits through the thresholds offered by Perlov’s ouvre. Among other elements, the interstitial poetic of the hinge image visually decodes into a persistent presence of windows, doors and archways, as mechanisms of fluctuation that regulate both the flows between the different universes of representation intertwined in Perlov’s diaries, and the relations that operate in the problematization of his substantial uprooting and foreignness.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Comunicació Audiovisual i Publicitat

The study of the Back and Forth book of an eleven years old E.S.L. student introduces a type of personal writing which is argued to facilitate meaningful, written communication in the second language. The present study extends the findings of dialogue journal studies of Staton et al. in two directions. 1. The case study of the Back and Forth book activity presents a "communication triangle" which involves parental participation and thus serves as a bridge between school and home. The reported observations focus on the potentials and limitations of the Back and Forth book task in comparison to other journal writing practices. 2. The analysis of the selected 45 journal entries provides some explanation for the weak realization of the task. The application of Mohan's Knowledge Framework as a means of analyzing student writing provides a c picture of the language and content. The Knowledge framework presents guideline for monitoring the development of language and the development of discourse and content. The inconsistency of the task justifies the present study: the multi-purpose task of the Back and Forth book produces unsatisfactory writing, the research question is of determining its reason and provide a guideline to monitor the task in order to obtain more satisfactory product.
Education, Faculty of
Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of
Graduate

This work is a historically situated ethnography of the rise in psychiatric discourses in Iran since the 1990s. It explores the trajectory of emerging psychiatric selves in the convergence of the social and the psychological. I examine psychiatric mindsets, the ways different sectors of the society embody, internalize, and modify psychiatric discourses to articulate and understand their distinct generational experiences and sedimented anxieties. Generational in my inquiry has to do with the way different generations experiences the 1980s, the Iran-Iraq war, new forms of citizenship and the politicization of their bodies and minds. This ethnography is interdisciplinary, intimate and multi-sited. Its areas include medical training and practice, neuroscientific explanatory models for mental illness and it treatment, biomedical modes of thinking versus psycho-dynamic ones, the subjective experience of being or wanting to be medicated, the historical trajectory of the field of psychiatry in the 2 0 th century Iran and its knowledge communities, cultural material such as cinema and literature, shifting gendered and gendering paradigms of motherhood, biomedical modernization, and the discursive processes that give rise to emerging psychiatric selves. The 1990s paradigm shift is a significant pretext to the emergence of spaces in literature, art and particularly Persian blogs, where belated articulation and dialogical reconstruction of traumatic memory create forms of identification, and grounds for making sense of the past in order to heal, cope and move on.
by Orkideh Behrouzan.
Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2010.
"September 2010." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 268-278).

The relationship between expressed attitudes and actual behaviour in the context of sustainable development is complex (Staats et al., 2004) and difficult to apply in a policy-relevant manner (Aall and Norland 2005). The household, however, represents a key ‘unit' for understanding the environmental impact of consumption patterns and for instigating educational programmes and policy designed to change consumer behaviour (Simmons and Chambers 1998). Despite this recognition, the majority of academic research relies heavily on individualistic social-psychological approaches, which do not accurately capture behaviours that may arise by virtue of the characteristics of the household (Gronhoj 2006). Recent research indicates that the use of a household diary can be beneficial in helping to capture household environmental activities, in educating householders about their impact, and in identifying major ‘behavioural turning points', where householders may focus efforts to reduce their environmental impact (Hunter et al., 2006). In other words, the use of a diary by householders is a potentially powerful tool in encouraging and facilitating desired behavioural change. The aim of this thesis was to assess the innovative use of a household diary approach as a means of framing and collecting household environmental data, and, critically, as an educational vehicle for bringing about behavioural change, a key target of Defra and Scottish Government policy. In much the same way as we learn a language by writing it down, or as students, learn a topic by studying it, the household diary, which facilitates the recording and writing down of behaviours, presented a powerful avenue for learning about pro-environmental behaviours undertaken within households. The diary encouraged householders to question the unquestioned, invoking double-loop-learning or discursive consciousness. Developing these findings in the context of theories of action or change, it was clear that the potential to empower householders by allowing them to better grasp their environmental impact and as a consequence, recoup positive financial savings and health benefits, was great.

Background: Recently, there has been renewed interest in the importance of reducing sugar intake to control dental caries both in the UK and internationally. Although diet advice to promote oral as well as general health is recommended for all dental patients, those at high risk of dental caries are particularly in need of additional professional support tailored to their needs. For this reason, diet diaries have been recommended as a dietary assessment tool that enables the tailoring of effective dietary advice for individual patients in dental practice (Watt et al., 2003). However, despite the recognised merits of diet diaries as dietary assessment and self-monitoring tools in the general literature (Thompson and Subar, 2013), an early search of literature revealed that very little empirical work had been devoted to this topic in the dental context. The overall aim of this research is to explore the use of diet diaries in the dental clinical setting. It offers some important insights into the possible barriers and facilitators of their use to support dietary advice. Methods Four studies were undertaken to meet the general aim and the objectives of the thesis. A range of qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. Dentists’ current practices and perceived influences of diet diaries usage in dental practice were investigated using a postal questionnaire survey to general dental practitioners (GDPs) (Study I). A case-vignette based on a diet diary was incorporated into this questionnaire to deepen understanding about how dentists interpret and use diet diaries to formulate dietary advice (Study II). A retrospective study was carried out to estimate the return rate of diet diaries and its associated factors among paediatric dental patients in a teaching dental hospital (Study III) - a different setting where dental remuneration is less of an issue. Finally, a qualitative case study was conducted to investigate factors associated with patients’ adherence to diet diaries issued to paediatric dental patients in a teaching dental hospital setting (Study IV). Findings Study I found that the majority of English GDPs did not use diet diaries to collect diet information (62%), mainly because of constraints related to finance and time. Other barriers identified were poor patient compliance and a perceived lack of necessary skill relating to dietary counselling. Diet diaries were more likely to be used in children than in adults, and for patients with high levels of caries. Study II demonstrated that GDPs rely upon a strategy of intelligent selection to filter complex dietary information in order to generate dietary advice. Challenged with a large field of information, they select what they see as a subset of either the most useful or the easiest information for patients to understand and implement. Study III found that the return rate of diet diaries by children and their families in a dental hospital setting was low (34%). Return rate was associated with patients’ demographic and oral health maintenance habits. Content analysis of returned diet diaries showed that diet diaries did not consistently capture the full range of complexities of dietary aspects relevant to oral health. Information on sugar amount, consumption context, sequence of intake within meals, prolonged contact with teeth and sugars consumed near bedtime – all were partially or completely missing from the returned diaries. Study IV concluded that adherence to diet diaries is a multi-contextual phenomenon associated with interacting factors which are generally related to the patient (parent/child), the dentist and the diet diary itself. Conclusions Diet diaries were not frequently used by dental practitioners, nor were they frequently returned or adequately completed by patients and their families. The use of diet diaries as a dietary assessment and monitoring tool is complicated by many factors related to the dentist, patients and the diet diaries itself. Therefore, multifaceted interventions targeted at patients, providers and the healthcare system are required if the use of diet diaries is to be enhanced. A motivated patient, a time-efficient tool as well as appropriate support from health care system appear to be necessary for the successful use of diet diaries.

This thesis describes the motivation and development of Pocket Interview, an easily configurable handheld electronic data collection and diary tool. The system can be used to apply ‘experience sampling’ methods that allow the collection of data in real-time and in the user’s natural environment. Pocket Interview can prompt the user to make diary entries at fixed and/or random intervals. The system is configured via graphical user interfaces that are shown to be easily usable by non-computing users. Pocket Interview includes an option that allows this sampling to be ‘Guided’ whereby inconvenient prompts are temporarily deferred until a more convenient time through the use of contextual audio information. Subjects participating in real-time studies require high levels of commitment and exhibit difficulties maintaining their motivation. Guiding can offer to reduce the perceived burden on the user, improve response rates, increase the quantity of replies and the quality of those replies. This thesis describes a series of studies that investigate the following: • What are the more convenient times for sampling and how can they be detected? • Does Guided real-time sampling improve the data quality and participant compliance rates? • Participants attitudes towards mobile devices automatically gathering their context information. Guiding is a strategy that could be applied to all context-aware computing, phone call or message delivery and indeed all other prompting. As computing power continues to expand and more powerful mobile devices become available we will see an increase in the quantity and sophistication of applications that interrupt their users. This will add to user’s feelings of overload. To maximise user acceptability designers of computing systems require strategies, such as Guiding, to minimise the interruptions caused by proactive prompting.

Backpacking Through My Suburban Barrio: Eco-Latina Diaries is a collection of poems and critical reflection written during my Master of Fine Arts for Creative Writing at California State University, Long Beach. The front matter examines the ways in which my poems dismantle socio-economic boundaries in order to reveal depictions of femininity, community, nature, and empowerment. The primary focus of this work rests upon the development and creation of these poems. Poems that offer renditions of suburban, urban, and natural landscapes in various ways that subvert and expose the fragility of boundaries—constantly urging the speaker and reader towards possible transcendental moments where freedom and universal unity are possible.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 223 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-223).

This thesis concerns women’s wartime diaries written for the radical social research organisation Mass-Observation (M-O) between 1939 and 1967, treating these as ‘social texts’ informed by social and temporal practices which also influence what ‘a diary’ is more widely perceived to ‘be’ as a genre of writing. It analyses the centrality of time and temporality to these social practices, to the relationship between writing and representation, and also to what it was to write a diary specifically for M-O and thus to position oneself as a ‘subjective camera’. Chapter One overviews the genesis and activities of M-O, its co-founders’ research perspectives and how these influenced activities in Worktown and the Economics of Everyday Life project and also in Blackheath, London. Blackheath activities are examined in detail because M-O’s Directives and Day-Diaries were organised from there, the latter providing the material for Jennings and Madge’s (1937) May Twelfth, the basis for their conceptualisation of ‘subjective cameras’ and also the starting point for the wartime diaries. Chapter Two discusses the origins of the wartime diaries, and analyses anthologies compiled using this material, the individual M-O diaries that have been published, and two attempts in the 1940s to produce M-O books from the diaries, discussing how previous uses have influenced my own analytic approach. Chapter Three examines the complications that M-O diaries make to popular understandings of the diary form, in particular by the multiple and diverse influences impinging upon writing a diary for M-O. A key example concerns overlaps between M-O diaries and letters, showing that epistolary conventions and practices are extensively drawn on by M-O and its diarists and that inscription of times and dates are central to this. Chapter Four examines temporal aspects of the diary-genre and analyses their writing ‘over time’ by focusing on the long-term diary written by Nella Last, what she did with time in its pages, and how the methodological approach I utilised for sampling and analysing it impacts on interpretation of temporal matters. Chapter Five analyses diary-entries written by different women for the same dates, exploring discrete specific temporal points to examine what is happening with time in relation to this, again reflectively commenting on the interpretational consequences of methodological strategies. The Conclusion considers M-O’s idea of diarists as ‘subjective cameras’ and theorises its connections to time and diary-writing.

Whereas the relationship between real autobiography and its fictional forms has been studied at length, the equivalent relationship for diaries has barely been acknowledged, let alone explored. This thesis follows the history of diary-writing – as a field that includes real and fictional diaries and the complex relations between them – in twentieth-century French writing. I take as my starting point the moment in the 1880s when, following a series of successful posthumous diary publications, a new generation of writers became aware that their own journaux intimes would probably come to be published, with considerable consequences for the way their literary œuvre and their very persona as an author (or their textual author-figure) would appear to readers. Of this generation, André Gide exerted by far the greatest influence over the course of diary-writing, and four works in particular experiment, in extremely diverse forms, with the literary possibilities of the diary: Les Cahiers d'André Walter (1891), Paludes (1895), Le Journal des faux-monnayeurs (1926), and his Journal 1889–1939 (1939). After the Second World War, diary-writing continued to draw on forms established by Gide, but now inflected by radical changes in attitudes towards the writing subject: Raymond Queneau's works published under the pseudonym of Sally Mara (1947–62) cast light on attitudes towards the diary at the time of a theoretical exclusion of the writing subject; Roland Barthes experimented with diaries at the point of a return of the writing subject (1977–79); and Annie Ernaux's published diaries between 1993 and 2011 demonstrate the role of diary-writing within the modern field of life-writing. Rather than making a gradual progress towards literary recognition, this history of diary-writing shows that, in a great variety of ways, diaries have consistently been used for their marginal or supplementary role, which simultaneously constructs and qualifies a literary œuvre and author-figure.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 207 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-193).

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Jared Poley, committee chair; Alexandra Garbarini , Hugh Hudson, committee members. Electronic text (169 p.). Description based on contents viewed Apr. 30, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-169).

As a transnational contribution to the study of life-writing and to the understanding of women's war experiences, ‘Trauma and Representation in Women's Diaries of the Second World War' examines women's war diaries from the point of view of trauma studies. It provides new readings of established texts, such as Frances Partridge's A Pacifist's War and Etty Hillesum's An Interrupted Life, alongside previously unexamined archival diaries and several recently published diaries that have received little critical attention to date. Through close reading, it analyses how traumatic registers, ranging from mild to severe, manifest in both the genesis and subject matter of women's diaries. The Introduction discusses the post-war cultural imperatives that have worked to repress women's accounts of the Second World War, particularly those which describe devastation in the domestic sphere. It situates diary writing contextually within the field of autobiographical writing, exploring the characteristics of this contested genre and questioning the possibilities it opens up for the conveyance of traumatic experience. Finally, it provides a brief historiography of trauma studies, focusing on the complicated relationship between trauma and modern warfare and the difficulties traumatic experience poses for testimony. In the ensuing chapters, my analyses demonstrate the various ways war trauma manifests in women's diaries. Chapter One examines the physiological and psychological costs of repeated exposure to violent situations such as bomb raids and rape through a combination of psychoanalytic and neurobiological discourses on trauma. Chapter Two discusses diaries that were kept at a relative distance from violent conflict, exploring women's affective responses to the changes in their lives that occurred during wartime through theories of depression and melancholia. Finally, Chapter Three constitutes a final analysis of the relationship between trauma and representation, analysing women's descriptions of both the physical and societal abjection that proliferated towards the end of the war.

This is a PhD project partly about my class and ethnic background and consciousness: how I have lived them as a white man and a documentary filmmaker, and how they are connected to the ghost of my great-grandfather, who was a soldier in the British Army in Sierra Leone in the 1880s. But it is also a project about autobiographical documentary filmmaking, and is submitted for examination in two main components: the first a video-diary based film (A Whited Sepulchre) in which I investigated the form/genre of the video diary by making one myself - filmmaking as a research method; the second, a text which has an independent relationship to the film - not one of ‘illustration, description or explication’ but hopefully of ‘expansive enrichment’ (Trinh T. Minh-Ha quoted in McLaughlin & Pearce (eds) 2007: 107). A Whited Sepulchre is a video which draws on the stories of two journeys: my great-grandfather’s account of his posting to Sierra Leone, and my own ‘video diary’ of a trip that I made in December/January 2004-5, following in his footsteps but seeking a different understanding of Africa and of myself as a white ‘Englishman’. The (written) textual component maps the intellectual and creative terrain that the project as a whole explores. It includes a survey of first-person and autobiographical film and video making in the context of contemporary media, but also makes a case for writing autobiographically, ranging across my family history before focusing on my own formation both as a white man from a particular class, and as a filmmaker and video-diarist. The text concludes with an argument - at odds with some postmodern orthodoxies - advocating the cultural and political importance of a ‘sincere’ and direct mode of autobiographical address.

The ordering and control of experience through fictive selves, constructed in consideration of an audience of the self and others, is part of the diary’s identity-building and meaning-making function. This thesis analyzes the process by which the diaries of Virginia Woolf, Sylvia Plath, and Janet Schaw construct multiple textual identities and conceptualize their public and private selves. The projection of these multiple selves in the diary text serve to justify the private individual experience as extraordinary and worth telling, as well as to connect with a public community experience, relating the self to a greater socio-cultural context.

Continuando con la investigación en el campo de la autotraducción que comenzó con el proyecto de master, esta tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el análisis de dos casos de estudio: los diarios llamados Matrimonium y El Diario de Jasmina (en su publicación española), escritos originalmente en inglés, traducidos al español por Ana Inés Larre Borges y más adelante autotraducidos al serbio por la autora Jasmina Tešanović. Nuestra investigación se basa en los conceptos de los estudios de traducción, con la esperanza de traer innovación y contribución significativa a estos estudios y, en particular, a los estudios de autotraducción, análisis del diario como el mediador entre la traducción y la autotraducción. El diario como la forma literaria/el subgénero (que la autora también publica en forma de ensayos) parece estar vinculada inseparablemente con la subjetividad y la ideología del autor/autotraductor Jasmina Tešanović; es la principal herramienta para transmitir su mensaje, o que refleja su vida y su punto de vista. Durante la investigación, las primeras versiones de los diarios - en inglés, se tratan como originales y, por tanto, como autotraducción o traducción in mente. El análisis contrastivo que se ha hecho entre el texto en inglés y el texto en serbio intenta revelar los momentos en que esto ocurrió durante el proceso de autotraducción a su lengua materna, así como las diferencias impone que el paso del tiempo. En cuanto a estas dos versiones de los diarios, y la tercera, traducida al español, hemos podido contrastar las diferencias, es decir, los elementos que muestran la influencia de (auto)censura, además de las referencias políticas y culturales entre estas lenguas distantes, principalmente relacionados con las expectativas y el conocimiento del lector, pero también debido a la sensibilidad de la autora.
Continuing the research in the field of self-translation which started with the master’s project, this doctoral thesis has focused on the analysis of two case-studies: the diaries called Matrimony and The Diary of a Political Idiot: Normal Life in Belgrade, originally written in English, translated into Spanish by Anna Inés Borges and later on self-translated into Serbian by the author Jasmina Tešanović. The investigation was based on the concepts of translation studies, hoping to bring innovation and significant contribution to these studies, and in particular, to the studies of self-translation, analysing diary as a medium between translation and self-translation. The literary form/subgenre of diary (that the author also publishes in the form of essay) appears to be inseparably linked with the subjectivity and ideology of the author/self-translator Jasmina Tešanović; it is the main tool in getting her message across, reflecting her life and her standpoint. During the investigation, the first, English versions of the diaries are treated as originals and thus, as self-translation or translation in mente. The contrastive analysis that has been done between English and Serbian texts tries to reveal the moments where this happened in the course of (self)translating the diaries into her mother tongue, as well as the differences that the passage of time brought about. Regarding these two versions of her diaries and the third one, translated into Spanish, we have then contrasted the differences, i.e. elements that show the influence of (self)censorship, as well as political and cultural references between these distant languages, primarily related to the expectations and knowledge of the readership but also the author’s sensibility.

Most of the Holocaust's victims were never able to tell their stories, and of the millions of victims, only a few hundred were able to write about their experiences. This makes surviving personal testimonies precious in many ways. They provide a rich resource for understanding both individual experience, as well as the ways in which the socio-historical context (i.e. region, gender, and class) greatly influenced each distinctive experience. This study examines six Holocaust diaries, of Jewish victims, taken from three different parts of occupied Europe: from Poland, Janusz Korczak's Ghetto Diary and Chaim Kaplan's The Scroll of Agony; from Holland, Etty Hillesum's An Interupted Life:the Diaries, 1941-1943 and Letters from Westerbork and Anne Frank's Diary of a Young Girl; and lastly, from France, Helene Berr's Journal of Helene Berr and Raymond Raoul Lambert's Diary of a Witness, 1940-1943. Through an examination of these six diaries, this project analyzes how the personal experience of individuals who witnessed the period and chronicled its events helps us understand both the nature of the Holocaust experience and the specific local political, social, and economic contexts. This project argues that an examination of these texts, when studied alongside the histories of their specific local contexts, can reveal both what all victims shared, throughout Europe during the period, as well as what was localized- how the different horrors experienced, by the victims, created different versions of the same hell.
B.A.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
History

Background: The level of activity in an individual can be the difference between health and illness. Physical inactivity can cause diseases such as osteoporosis and type-2 diabetes. It has been reported that children live an increasingly inactive life, with less than the recommended a total of 60 minutes daily for children and adolescents of 6-17 years of age. Objective: The objective was to compare two activity diaries and how the results correspond to measurements by an activity meter. Material and methods: This study included 12 children who each carried an activity meter for four days to measure Total Energy Expenditure. In parallel, they filled in two different activity diaries. In the diaries two different calculation methods were used, with a Physical Activity Ratio value or a Metabolic Equivalent of Task value which then was inserted into equations to calculate Total Energy Expenditure. Anthropometric measurements were obtained by use of a stadiometer, a caliper and a bioimpedance scale. Results: The results from the Physical Activity Ratio diary indicated a better match with the results from the activity meter. Conclusions: Between the two diaries significant difference in how the activities were estimated were found, where an overestimation could be seen in the diary that used the Metabolic Equivalent of Task. Differences could also be seen between the activity meter and both diaries, also here the difference were bigger with the Metabolic Equivalent of Task diary. The Physical Activity Ratio diary was better matched with the activity meter.

Texte remanié de: Diss. Ph. D.--Yale University, 1992. Titre de soutenance : The Bourse of Babylon : an analysis of the market quotations in the astronomical diaries of Babylonia.
Bibliogr. p. 170-185. Index.

Capturing life as it is lived is an important goal in psychology, and diary methods are commonly used for this purpose. They capture events near the time of their occurrence and are less prone to retrospective biases associated with questionnaire, interview and survey methods. However, participants in diary studies must remember to carry the diary with them, and find it convenient to make entries in timely fashion. New approaches, replacing paper diaries with technology (e.g. personal digital assistants), can overcome forgetting to make entries and retrospective filling of data. However, until recently technology had its own problems (e.g. unreliability and cost of devices, the need for training, biases of technical competence, etc.). The research described in this dissertation arose from the anticipation that the rapid, worldwide growth of smartphone ownership would overcome many of these limitations since participant-owned smartphone diaries can eliminate associated costs and facilitate increased rates of compliance. Six diary studies were conducted on two transient cognitive phenomena. Initially, a smartphone app was developed and compared with a paper diary in the study of involuntary autobiographical memories. Although participants in the smartphone-diary condition demonstrated significantly better compliance than those in the paper-diary condition by reliably carrying their smartphones, and promptly completing diary entries in the app, they recorded significantly fewer events than paper diary users. To test that this unexpected finding was not specific to involuntary autobiographical memories, the method was tested with everyday memory failures, and the same unexpected finding was obtained. Further studies manipulated the length of diary-keeping period and demonstrated a diary entry rate reduction effect with longer diary keeping periods, an effect seen in both paper- and participant-owned smartphone-diaries. For involuntary autobiographical memories, the effect was demonstrated by comparing 1-day and 7-day diaries, and also by using a 30-40 minutelong digital audio recording method. With everyday memory failures, the effect was demonstrated by comparing 7-day and 28-day diaries. The audio recording method was used to capture involuntary autobiographical memories while driving. It was also used on a campus walk and compared with a 1-day paper diary within-subjects, finding a higher rate of recording in the shorter period, and consistency of memory counts across two modes of recording. This novel audio-recording method facilitated much more detailed analysis of involuntary memory cues and chaining and enabled the evaluation of potential instances of priming. Finally, a telephone and postal-based diary study of everyday memory failures demonstrated the feasibility of recruitment and measurement of participants remotely, which can be particularly useful with older adults. Taken together, the results of this research make a significant methodological contribution to research on transient everyday cognitive phenomena by showing that (1) care is needed when using participant-owned smartphone diaries, (2) paper diaries may be more reliable than currently given credit, and (3) diary-recording periods can be substantially reduced without compromising the quantity and the quality of data obtained. In addition, results increase our theoretical understanding of two specific phenomena studied in this dissertation: involuntary autobiographical memories and everyday memory failures. The findings indicate that involuntary memories are much more frequent than previously thought, may represent a stable characteristic of a person and, in addition to immediately present cues, can be elicited by internal memory chaining process and more distant priming of events and thoughts. Finally, the absence of age effects in the frequency and nature of recorded everyday memory failures, together with significant negative age effects in laboratory tests of memory and cognition, is a novel finding that has significant implications for research on cognitive ageing.

From the age of fifteen until her death, the British female novelist Frances Burney (1752--1840) kept a detailed journal. Although thousands of extant manuscript pages exist, only three inadequate editions of her journals have been published.
The Burney Project at McGill University was founded in 1960 by Dr. Joyce Hemlow and is now under the direction of Dr. Lars E. Troide. The mandate of the Project is to print a critical edition of the entire, unexpurgated journals and letters of Frances Burney with scholarly annotations. As a small part of the Burney Project, my thesis selection falls within the first half of Burney's life and encompasses roughly one and a half months of her journal, from 1 February to 12 March, 1789 (MS pages 3656--3749, Berg Collection), when Burney lived at Court as an attendant to Queen Charlotte. Many of the manuscript pages in this thesis have never before been published.