Tesi sul tema "Diagnostics"
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1
Kříž, Petr. "Online vibrační diagnostika vřetene frézovacího stroje DATRON". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402508.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This master’s thesis deals with online vibration diagnostics of the milling machine spindle. It is aimed at the implementation of the complex online vibration diagnostics system to chosen milling machine, the suggestion of the vibration measurement system and the suggestion of the evaluation of changes of the technical condition of this milling machine spindle. The description of the vibration diagnostics, the description of the milling machine spindle construction and function and the suggestions for the practical application of vibration diagnostics are also parts of this thesis.
2
Bazaras, Vilius. "Lėtaeigių riedėjimo guolių diagnostiniai tyrimai". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20130218_131748-24042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Baigiamajame darbe pateikta literatūros šaltinių apžvalga susijusi su riedėjimo guolių defektų diagnostika. Darbe sukurta lėtaeigių riedėjimo guolių (iki 380 aps/min) esančių „INVERFORM“ džiovyklinių mašinų grupėse tyrimų metodika bei atlikti eksperimentiniai tyrimai. Pagrindinis šių tyrimų tikslas – sukurti patikimą tyrimų metodą, skirtą eksploatuojamų lėtaeigių sferinių riedėjimo guolių defektams diagnozuoti ir techninei būklei įvertinti. Metodas buvo sukurtas išsamių guolių korpusų virpesių matavimų ir virpesių duomenų formatų analizės pagrindu, mašinai dirbant natūralios eksploatacijos sąlygomis. Gautos diagnostinių tyrimų išvados patvirtintos mašinos periodinio planinio metu vizualiai apžiūrėjus ir įvertinus guolių techninę būklę.This paper represents a review of literature which is associated with a slow speed rolling bearings diagnostics. In this work the methodology for a slow speed rolling bearings (rotational speed up to 380 rpm) experimental researches is created. Slow speed with double row self-alignment spherical roller bearings is located in drying machines “INVERFORM”. Also experimental researches have been done and analyzed in this work. The main objective of this research - to establish a reliable research method to diagnose defects and evaluate technical condition of operating slow speed spherical rolling bearings. The method has been developed based on detailed bearings vibration measurements and vibration data formats analysis, when machine works at natural operating conditions. Obtained diagnostic research findings adopted during machines routine periodic visual examination and assessment of technical condition of the bearings.
3
Buchtová, Blanka. "Multiparametrická diagnostika generátoru". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402514.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis is focused on multiparametric diagnostic of generators at the Dukovany nuclear power plant. One generator was chosen for the thesis and it was examined especially from the practical point of view. The thesis describes current state of the issue with focus on noise diagnostics, vibrodiagnostics and electrodiagnostics. The emphasis is on the system approach of the solution. In the practical part an experiment is designed, described and evaluated. Attention is paid to the conclusions of the performed vibrodiagnostics and noise diagnostics. Data sets are evaluated separately and the relationship between the two diagnostic methods is analyzed. Furthermore, the data set from electrodiagnostics is evaluated and dependencies of electrical diagnostic quantities on other quantities are described. Trends in electrical diagnostic quantities are also monitored. Conclusions and recommendations are formulated at the end of the thesis. It is stated that using multiparametric diagnostics to assess the status of generators in power plants is still in its beginning and that the conclusions of the submitted thesis will contribute to the developmnet in this area.
4
Soukup, Patrik. "Diagnostika točivých elektrických strojů". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377107.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis Diagnostics of rotating electric machines deals with the theory of diagnostics of rotating machines, focusing especially on the diagnosis of asynchronous motors of high power. Due to the importance of maintaining the trouble-free condition of these machines with regard to serviceability, the importance of their diagnosis is growing. Due to inappropriate working conditions or for many other reasons, different types of malfunctions may occur in the machine. The list and the way of occurrence of possible failures are included and explained in this thesis. With the growing age of the machine, it is important to check the insulation status through insulation testing. These tests are performed in the practical part of the thesis and the results are presented. In the case of asynchronous machines, each anomaly leaves a signature in the form of an electrical, magnetic or vibrational signal. These signals are analyzed and evaluated using a specific measuring equipment with the intention of deciding on the current state of the machine. Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) is considered to be the main diagnostic method of asynchronous machines in this thesis. This method is described in detail in this paper and is being applied in electrical engineering.
5
Narmack, Samuel. "Functionalization and Evaluation of Nanoparticle Probes for the Development of a 14-Plex Diagnostic assay". Thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299949.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Detta projekt var ett samarbete mellan Aplex Bio AB och Scilifelab. Projektets mål var att utveckla en molekylär diagnostisk panel med förmågan att detektera och diskriminera mellan 14 olika typer av patogener. Projektet innehåller 4 kapitel med fokus på olika mål. I första kapitlet utvecklades en metod för att karakterisera emissioner av fluorescerande nanopartikel kluster. Den första utvärderade metoden utnyttjade klick-kemi för att binda nanopartiklarna till makrostrukturer uppbyggda av amplifierat DNA. Den andra utvärderade metoden skapade aggregerade komplex av nanopartiklar med amplifierat DNA för att utvärdera partiklarnas emissioner. I kapitel 2 av projektet användes azid-funktionaliserade nanopartiklar levererade av Aplex Bio AB för att tvärbinda DBCO modifierade oligonukleotider. Sedan utvecklades en hybridiserings baserad metod för att kvantifiera relativa mängden oligonukleotider på partiklarna. Denna metod användes för att reproducerbart funktionalisera partiklar och utveckla nanopartikel-sonder som kan binda till DNA genom hybridisering. I kapitel 2 utvärderades även hur effektivt och specifikt de utvecklade nanopartikel-sonderna hybridiserar till DNA. I kapitel 3 utvärderades amplifiering av syntetiska ssDNA sekvenser valda från genetiska markörer av 14 patogener, DNA amplifierades med metoden RCA. Målet var att utvärdera specificiteten av amplifieringen. Specifik amplifiering av varje DNA sekvens i panelen var en förutsättning för att möjliggöra detektion och diskriminering av alla patogener i panelen. I kapitel 4 var målet att utveckla en kostnadseffektiv metod för att funktionalisera nanopartiklar med oligonukleotid sekvenser. För att göra detta användes DBCO-NHS-ester reagens och amin-modifierade oligonukleotider. Förverkligande av detta projekt skulle skapa en diagnostisk panel med potentialen att påverka det diagnostiska fältet på en global skala. När detta projekt är fullt utvecklat kan panelen modifieras för detektion av önskade DNA/RNA sekvenser vilket möjliggör ett mångfalt av applikationer, detta skulle göra panelen konkurrerande med dagens diagnostiska metoder då den kan användas i existerande mikroskopiuppsättningar.This work was a collaboration between Aplex Bio AB and Scilifelab with the aim of developing a molecular assay capable of detecting and discriminating between 14 different pathogenic targets. There are 4 chapters with focus on different goals. In chapter one a method of evaluating emissions of fluorescent nanoparticle clusters was developed. The first approach of evaluating nanoparticle emissions was to utilize click chemistry to bind nanoparticles to macroscale structures of amplified DNA targets. The second evaluated approach was the formation of aggregated complexes of nanoparticles and amplified DNA targets. The second chapter of the thesis used azide functionalized nanoparticles supplied by Aplex Bio AB to utilize azide groups as crosslinkers and use them to functionalize the nanoparticles with DBCO oligos. A hybridization-based method was then developed to quantify relative oligo densities on the nanoparticles, enabling reproducible oligo functionalization of nanoparticles, producing nanoparticle probes that can bind to DNA. The final task of chapter 2 was evaluating the binding efficiency and specificity of the developed nanoparticle probes. The third chapter of the thesis evaluated amplification of synthetic ssDNA sequences corresponding to genetic markers of 14 pathogenic targets using RCA. The goal was to confirm specificity of chosen padlock probes and corresponding synthetic targets for each pathogen. Specific amplification of each target was a prerequisite to enable detecting and discriminating between the 14 pathogenic targets. In chapter 4 the goal was to develop a cost-effective method of oligo functionalization for nanoparticles. This chapter evaluated two main approaches of using DBCO-NHS-ester reagents to perform DBCO modification of amine-oligos. The realization of this work would develop an assay that has the potential to impact the field of diagnostics on a global scale. When fully developed, the molecular assay can be modified to detect any RNA/DNA targets which enables numerous applications, making the assay a competitive diagnostic tool which can be implemented in existing microscopy systems.
6
Wertheim, Adolf. "Využití diagnostické sady VAG-COM PROFI v soudním inženýrství". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232856.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis deals with possibilities of application of VAG-COM PROFI diagnostic kit in forensic engineering. After defining a theoretical basis, according to possibilities of evaluation of technical condition of a vehicle, the thesis is focused on applying diagnostic methods using above mentioned diagnostic kit. With respect to opportunities of identification of driving parameters, possibility of acceleration measurement and estimation of engine power are introduced. Describing of methodology and making the final statement are contained in the thesis as a part of every single measurement.
7
Cirhanová, Iva. "Zpracování dat z online diagnostického systému". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443756.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This master thesis deals with data processing from an online diagnostic system. The theoretical part of the work is divided into three chapters, the first deals with technical diagnostics as such, there are basic terminology and concepts associated with technical diagnostics, such as diagnostic methods, tools, models and signals. The second part is focused on diagnostic systems and their division. This chapter also provides some examples of online diagnostic monitoring systems from three different companies. The last chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to the description of the possibilities of data collection from diagnostic systems, ie. description of communication buses and protocols. The practical part of this work focuses on creating an application for data collection and visualization.
8
Škrobánek, Martin. "Diagnostický systém papírenského stroje". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417858.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This master thesis deals with the technical diagnostics, focusing mainly on vibration diagnostics. This problematice is described in the first part of this work on a theoretical level. The next part describes the paper machine, diagnostic system and the measuring points are classified into databases. The practical part of this work consists of a proposal for the methodology of vibration diagnostics for a paper machine, the procedure for measuring and evaluating the measured values. Part of the work is also a practical example of the measurement of the central cylinder, on which the procedure is tested, and the compilation of new limit values.
9
Blais, Jonatan. "Validité analytique et clinique en diagnostic moléculaire : étude de cas en génotypage et détection prénatale non-invasive des aneuploïdies". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66974.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La validité analytique et clinique des analyses de diagnostic moléculaire est régulièrement remise en doute. Parmi les modalités d’analyse d’acides nucléiques les plus répandues en laboratoire clinique, le génotypage par PCR allèle-spécifique et le séquençage massivement parallèle pour la détection prénatale non-invasive d’aneuploïdies (DPNI) représentent deux des applications les plus importantes en termes de volume. La perte allélique (« allele drop-out »), d’une part, ainsi que l’identification des variables déterminant la performance diagnostique, la disponibilité de matériel de référence et l’estimation de la fraction d’ADN fœtal, d’autre part, sont autant d’enjeux de validité analytique et clinique dont l’impact et la prise en compte dans la translation clinique demeurent à évaluer pour chacune de ces applications respectivement. Des cas représentatifs de ces deux applications furent donc sélectionnés afin d’étudier certains aspects pertinents à chacun de ces enjeux. En accord avec les doutes soulevés par plusieurs auteurs, des lacunes de validité analytique et clinique furent notées pour tous les aspects examinés. En particulier, la plupart des erreurs diagnostiques causées par les événements de perte allélique étaient dues à des phénomènes stochastiques ne pouvant être prévenus par un design d’amorces méticuleux, et les niveaux de précision de la PCR limitent la validité analytique et clinique de la DPNI par séquençage, bien que ce paramètre ne soit pas toujours quantifié et rapporté de façon rigoureuse dans la littérature. Malgré des impacts cliniques potentiels relativement faibles lorsqu’évalués au niveau populationnel, des impacts significatifs peuvent néanmoins affecter les patients au niveau individuel. Des solutions sont disponibles afin de corriger certaines des lacunes identifiées, alors que d’autres posent des défis plus importants. Les causes possibles de ces lacunes de validité affectant le domaine du diagnostic moléculaire sont en partie communes aux causes impliquées dans le problème de reproductibilité des résultats scientifiques en général et en partie le résultat de la complexité technique, relative nouveauté et de la nature historiquement qualitative des méthodes de génétique moléculaire. Une intégration des standards cliniques en amont du processus de découverte pourrait contribuer à améliorer la validité analytique et clinique des tests de diagnostic moléculaire et iii possiblement augmenter le rendement translationnel de la recherche vers la clinique.The analytical and clinical validity of molecular diagnostic assays are regularly questioned. Among the most commonly used nuclei acid analysis modalities in clinical laboratories, genotyping by allele-specific PCR and non-invasive prenatal aneuploidy testing (NIPT) by massively parallel sequencing, represent two of the most important applications in terms of volume. Allele drop-out on the one hand, as well as identification of variables determining diagnostic performances, reference material availability and fetal fraction estimation on the other, are all examples of analytical and clinical validity issues for which both the impact, and how well they are taken into account, remain to be evaluated for each of these applications respectively. Representative cases of both applications were therefore selected in order to study certain aspects relevant to each of these issues. In accordance with the doubts raised by several authors, lack of analytical and clinical validity was noted for all aspects examined. In particular, most diagnostic errors caused by allele dropout events were due to stochastic phenomena that cannot be prevented by careful primer design, and PCR precision levels were a limiting factor for analytical and clinical validity of NIPT assays, even though this parameter is seldomly adequately quantified and reported in the literature. Although potential clinical impacts were likely modest at the population level, at the individual level, some of the impacts may nevertheless be significant. Solutions to correct some of these problems are available, while others raise more difficult challenges. The possible causes of this lack of validity affecting molecular diagnostics are partly shared with the general problem of lack of repeatability of scientific results and are partly the result of the technical complexity, relative novelty, and the historically qualitative nature of molecular genetic methods. Integrating clinical standards upstream of the discovery process could contribute to improve analytical and clinical validity of molecular diagnostic tests and possibly to increase “bench-to-bedside” translational yield.
10
Zhalovaga, V. O., V. A. Ivashchenko e G. I. Litvinenko. "Medical computer diagnostics". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17005.
Testo completo
11
Udovychenko, N. M. "Machinery vibration diagnostics". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33874.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Vibration is a process that can not be measured, unlike its parameters. The machine can have high levels of vibration for three reasons:
– there is a strong source of vibration inside the machine;
– during spreading between source of vibration and the point of observation, vibration weakly damped or even increases due to good conductivity and transparency of the surrounding structures;
– there are two previous reasons simultaneously.
For solving the first problem we have to explore the physical nature of vibration inside the machine. For solving the second problem it's necessary to investigate the spread of vibrations out of the construction.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33874
12
Baade, Ingrid Annette. "Survival analysis diagnostics". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997.
Cerca il testo completo
13
Hrbáček, Vlastimil. "Návrh provozních mezí pro diagnostický systém obráběcího stroje". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417438.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Master's thesis deals with online vibration diagnostics of a milling center. It contains a methodology to determine the vibration operating limits and to detect machine of condition monitoring. The thesis also contains a general description of maintenance and technical diagnostics with a focus on vibrodiagnostics. The main part of the thesis is to solve the problem of determining the operating limits of spindle vibration depending on the production program. The essence of the solution is to determine vibration limits for individual milling tools.
14
Nolting, Andreas. "Companion Diagnostics Development and Commercialization : A Case Study from the Diagnostics’ Perspective". Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170181.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The value proposition of Personalized Medicine is to deliver the “right drug, to the right patient, at the right time”. Companion diagnostics is the required tool for Personalized Medicine used to aid clinical decision making with the aim to identify patients who are most suitable for a given treatment approach and to avoid adverse effects. However, even 16 years after the first co-approval of a therapeutic drug and an associated diagnostic test (trastuzumab (Herceptin1) from Genentech and the HercepTest1 from Dako), the co-development and co-approval of drug-diagnostic pairs is a challenging task.This study has the aim to identify major challenges for diagnostics companies when developing and commercializing companion diagnostics. This is achieved by (1) a literature research and (2) an empirical case study in form of interviews with diagnostics companies. The collected data is analyzed and discussed with focus on current regulatory and reimbursement frameworks in the USA and European Union. The co-development strategies and business models of companion diagnostics developers are identified.The conclusion of this study is that the major hurdles for companion diagnostics development and commercialization are gaps in scientific evidence and lacking regulatory guidelines for co-development and clinical biomarker studies. Companion diagnostics commercialization is further challenged by poor reimbursement levels. The main strategy of diagnostics companies to address these challenges is the demonstration of a beneficial outcome for patients in form of clinical studies. Small companies with limited resources for clinical research receive funding from academic research grants, patient support groups, pharmaceutical industry, and governmental Innovation agencies.Finally the formation of a new “pharma-diagnostics” sectoral innovation system as a result of the emerging paradigm of stratified medicine has been proposed.
15
Horák, Josef [Verfasser], e Gerald A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Urban. "Microfluidic immunosensor for point-of-care diagnostics = Microfluidischer Immunosensor für patientennahe Diagnostik". Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1123477787/34.
Testo completo
16
Mynář, Josef. "Vliv frekvenčního měniče na životnost ložisek a jejich poškození". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The diploma thesis deals with the technical diagnostics of machines with a closer focus on vibrational diagnostics. In the thesis is elaborated a design of a diagnostic system with measurement methodology, measurement procedure and evaluation of measured data on the machine produced by Siemens.
17
Zamora, Gálvez Alejandro. "Nanobiosensors for diagnostics applications". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457643.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Durante el desarrollo de esta tesis doctoral se explica el desarrollo de innovadoras plataformas basadas en nanomaterials con aplicaciones tanto ambientales como para el diagnóstico. La primera plataforma presentada, tiene la ventaja que confieren los polímeros molecularmente impresos (MIPs) y de las nanopartículas magnéticas para la detección de contaminantes usando técnicas electroquímicas. La segunda plataforma aquí presentada consiste en un immunoensayo de flujo lateral, donde los quantum dots (QDs) son usados como una fuente de fotoluminiscencia y el grafeno oxidado como un quencher para medidas de fluorescencia.
En el capítulo 1, se presenta el tópico de la tesis y muestra el estado del arte en lo referente a nanomateriales conectados tanto a receptores biológicos como sintéticos para aplicaciones en la biodeteccion. En este capítulo se discutirá como los anticuerpos (receptores biológicos) and polímeros de impresión molecular (receptores sintéticos) pueden mejorar la sensibilidad, estabilidad y especificidad de los biosensores para un gran número de diferentes analitos y diferentes métodos transductores, yendo desde métodos ópticos a electroquímicos.
En el capítulo 2 los objetivos de la tesis son explicados.
En el capítulo 3 y capítulo 4, dos sensores diferentes basados en nanopartículas magnéticas decoradas con polímeros de impresión molecular (MIP) como un receptor sintético para la detección de sulfonamidas y tributyltin serán presentados. En ambos sensores, espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica es usada como método transductor. El primer sensor (capítulo 3) se publicó en “Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 3578−3584” y el segundo (capítulo 4) en “Electrochem. Commun. 2017, 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.07.007”. Dos MIPs fueron fabricados usando (i) pyrrole y acido metacrilico para sulfonamidas, and (ii) EGDMA and APTS para el tributyltin. Además de los métodos de fabricación como la actuación analítica incluyendo su aplicación en muestras reales serán explicados con detalle en cada capítulo
En el capítulo 5, se presenta un immunoensayo de flujo lateral cuyas propiedades fotoluminescentes pueden ser modulado tras el reconocimiento de proteínas mediante las capacidades de apagamiento por fotoluminiscencia del óxido de grafeno (GO). El ensayo será utilizado para la detección de una proteína modelo en suero humano, esta es Inmunoglobulina G, con el interés de demostrar Plataforma de detección de proteínas virtualmente universal. El sistema propuesto presenta un bajo límite de detección mejorando los sistemas convencionales basados en flujo lateral con nanopartículas de oro para la detección del mismo analito en un solvente estándar. Además el sistema es capaz de alcanzar excelentes límites de detección en matrices complejas como el suero humano.
Finalmente, en el capítulo 6, las conclusiones generales y futuras perspectivas serán discutidas. Se incluye también un anexo con todas las publicaciones realizadas durante el desarrollo de la tesis.This PhD thesis describes the development of innovative nanomaterials-based platforms with interest for environment as well as other diagnostics applications. The first platform takes advantages of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and magnetic nanoparticles for electrochemical detection of contaminants. The second one consists in a lateral flow immunoassay, where quantum dots (QDs) are used as photoluminescence source and graphene oxide as quencher to perform fluorescence measurements. Chapter 1 is an introduction in the topic and shows the state of the art of nanomaterials connected to biological and non-biological receptors for bio/sensing applications. This chapter discusses how antibodies (biological receptor) and molecularly imprinted polymers (non-biological-receptors) can improve the sensitivity, stability and specificity of the bio/sensing systems for a large number of analytes and different transducer methods, ranging from optical to electrochemical techniques. In Chapter 2, the objectives of the thesis are explained. In Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, two different sensors based on magnetic nanoparticles decorated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as non-biological receptor for sulfonamide and tributyltin detection are presented. In both sensors, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used as a transduction method. The first sensor (chapter 3) has a related paper in “Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 3578−3584” and the second sensor (chapter4) is related to the paper published in “Electrochem. Commun. 2017, 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.07.007. Two MIPs are fabricated using: (i) pyrrole and methacrylic acid for sulfonamide, and (ii) EGDMA and APTS selective to tributyltin. Moreover, the fabrication methods as well as the analytical performance including their application in real samples are explained in detail in each chapter. In Chapter 5, is presented a lateral flow immunoassay whose photoluminescent properties can be modulated upon protein recognition via the photoluminescence quenching capabilities of graphene oxide (GO). The assay is intended for the detection of a model protein in human serum, that is, human immunoglobulin G, with the aim to demonstrate a virtually universal protein detection platform. The proposed system shows a low limit of detection improving the conventional lateral flow with gold nanoparticles for the detection of the same analyte in standard buffer. Also the system is able to achieve excellent limits of detection in a complex matrix such as human serum. Finally, in Chapter 6, the general conclusions and the future perspectives are discussed. In addition, annex reports all the publications resulted during the development of this PhD thesis.
18
Schirninger, Rene, e Stefan Zeppetzauer. "Wireless On-Board Diagnostics". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-193.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Wireless On-board diagnostics functionality, which is a future outlook to vehicle system
parameter analysis, enables measurements and controlling without the limitation of a physical
connector. Today every vehicle must by law provide the possibility to analyze engine and
emission related parameters (OBD II). The wireless connection requires a high security level
to prevent unauthorized communication establishment with the truck’s bus system. The aim
of the project is to make a survey of the available security mechanisms and to find the most
promising solutions. Furthermore, several usage scenarios and access right levels are
specified and a risk analysis of the whole system is made. The greatest challenge is the
specification and implementation of a proper key-exchange mechanism between the analyzing
device and the truck’s bus system, which is therefore carried out with the highest possible
level of awareness. Consequently several different concepts have been formulated based on
the different usage scenarios.
19
Olsson, Patrik. "On-board Diagnostics Framework". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-15664.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For as long as complex machines have been around there has also been a need for accurate diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. Over the last decades there have been many attempts to develop and implement systems with various degrees of diagnostic and prognostic abilities, some successful some not. This master thesis presents a software architecture that is used to implement an on-board diagnostic framework capable of advanced diagnostics and prognostics in industrial vehicles. The presented architecture consists of a set of modules that focuses on performance, scalability and simplicity that fulfills the demands of current and upcoming diagnostic and prognostic techniques.
20
Ricketts, K. P. M. "Nanoparticles for tumour diagnostics". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1348030/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
X-ray fluorescence techniques have proven beneficial for identifying and quantifying trace elements in biological tissues. A novel approach has been developed that employs x-ray fluorescence with an aim to locate the presence of nanoparticles, such as gold, which are embedded into tissues. The nanoparticles can be functionalised to act as markers for tumour characteristics to map the disease state, and then imaged to inform cancer therapy regimes. The uptake of nanoparticles by cancer cells could also enable detection of small clusters of infiltrating cancer cells which are currently missed by commonly used imaging modalities. The novel system, consisting of an energy resolving silicon drift detector with high spectral resolution, and a synchrotron source, showed potential in both quantification of and sensitivity to nanoparticle concentrations typically found in tumours. A linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and nanoparticle concentration was found down to 0.001 mgAu/ml, the detection limit of the system. A successful translation using a more clinically available bench-top x-ray tube was demonstrated, and found not to degrade the linearity or detection limit. The achieved system sensitivity suggests clinical usefulness in measuring tumour uptake in vivo. A set of bio-phantoms consisting of collagen type 1 gel, populated with colorectal cancer cells (HT29) and healthy murine fibroblast cells (3T3) that have been incubated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs), were created. The bio-samples were successfully used to (i) demonstrate GNP uptake in cells, and (ii) demonstrate the use of the novel benchtop system in measuring GNP uptake in cells. Translation to a 2D imaging technique was undertaken, using polycapillary optic technology to acquire positional information of gold XRF emissions, and energy resolving single channel and pixellated detectors. The GNP-imaging capabilities of the XRF technique were demonstrated using Perspex phantoms incorporating different GNP concentrations. Details of phantoms with concentrations as low as 0.025 mgAu/ml have been successfully imaged, with potential to image lower concentrations. It can be inferred from feasibility data collected that the x-ray fluorescence technique can be combined with x-ray diffraction methods to form a novel multi-modality system that is sensitive to GNP distribution and can discriminate biological tissue. Future work will develop this combined system to locate tumours and provide information on tumour characteristics.
21
Stewart, Neil Andrew. "Novel multifunctional laser diagnostics". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/ddee58ac-0fda-41ca-9485-c74920cf3852.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The research presented in this thesis set out to contribute to knowledge seeking to advance the state-of-the-art in laser based, multi-functional, non-invasive diagnostic systems. The results of the work have contributed to the development of methodological generic approaches to the development of devices using light to detect and analyse biomarkers relevant to human health and disease conditions. Following the development of methodologies the research then progresses to examine in-vivo the potential of the integrated spectroscopic technologies to detect changes and rhythms in the micro-vasculature of the skin relevant to the response of the subjects to emotional and physical stress. The results uncover myogenic rhythm synchronisation as a potential marker of adaptive response. The complexity of monitoring and interpreting key biomarkers of metabolism, NADH and FAD and the derived redox ratio is addressed in detail. Analysis of results of around 3,000 functional scans, including tissue oxygen saturation and laser Doppler flowmetry, provides new insights into bio-technological issues. The challenges identified with biological characteristics include sampling zones and physiological features of the skin. Technological, photonics, electronics and computing challenges emerge from the results. These should be considered in advancing the integration of bio-photonic technologies toward realising meaningful diagnostic poly-bio-markers relevant to developing algorithms capable of delivering consistent, reliable and meaningful diagnostic information with utility in clinical practice for early diagnosis of disease conditions such as cancers and cardio-vascular diseases in individuals from the global population. The results have been published in peer-reviewed international journals and presented at major international conferences in the field.
22
Rosa, João Pedro Maurício. "Nanobiophotonics for biomolecular diagnostics". Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10157.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em
BiotecnologiaThe main objective of this thesis was to study the fluorescence modulation induced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on fluorophores nearby and/or bonded to the AuNPs’ surface through nuclei acid molecules. The understanding of the effect of distance in the spectral properties of fluorophores would allow the development of a biosensor for the characterisation of DNA and/or RNA sequences. To study the photophysics involved in the fluorescence modulation by AuNPs it was necessary to develop an experimental approach that removed the effect of the optical interference caused by the presence of AuNPs. By comparing the samples with controlled reference solutions it was possible determine the fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence decay time of the fluorophores in the vicinity of AuNPs. During the characterisation several non-photophysical phenomena involving nanoparticles were unveiled, such as a local pH effect, coupling of the plasmonic oscillator with transition moments of the fluorophore or AuNP-induced fluorophore aggregation. The developed experimental method was applied to the study of the effect of distance in the modulation of fluorescence caused by AuNPs. Using DNA molecules as spacer, the photophysical properties of fluorophores at different distances of the surface of the AuNPs showed a distance-dependence fitting into a 1/r6 dependence. The knowledge gathered on AuNP-DNA-fluorophore systems allowed for a successful semi-quantitative detection of RNA in solution. The same system showed to be useful for the simultaneous quantification and control RNA synthesis in vitro. In situ detection and gene silencing was demonstrated by targeting EGFP mRNA as proof-of-concept. A similar approach was successfully achieved in siRNA and endogenous miRNA targets. The application of this system to micro-deletions and RNA isoforms analysis was also demonstrated in synthetic targets.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - (SFRH/BD/43320/2008)
23
Lindborg, Niklas. "Diagnostics of Intermittent Errors". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-453926.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Intermittent faults/errors are infamous for being among the most challenging errors to diagnose. It is estimated that more than 80% of the total number of errors in real systems are intermittent errors. Previous research on intermittent errors suggests that they are the prelude to permanent faults. There seems to be a vast knowledge gap in general regarding intermittent errors, both in academia and industry. The term "No Fault Found" might have ingrained a culture of acceptance regarding faults that intermittent errors might cause. This master thesis aims to develop a generic algorithm for diagnostics of intermittent errors that allows for the early isolation of failing sensors, especially at the end of their life spans. It is desirable that Scania can identify intermittent errors efficiently to save maintenance costs and keep customer satisfaction high. Multiple intermittent error detection and diagnostics methods have been produced and tested through simulations in MATLAB. The results suggest that the most important factors when introducing algorithms for intermittent error detection are the sensors' self-diagnostic capabilities and their communication protocol. The developed algorithms can be used for efficient fault isolation, obtaining valuable data for research, and triggering Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) when the impact of the errors is too significant, which allows for proactive replacement. If the algorithms are introduced as suggested in this master thesis, the knowledge gap can be filled. Consequently, Scania can use the increased knowledge to further improve the algorithms for better detection of intermittent errors and increase the overall performance of Scania vehicles.Intermittenta fel definieras som fel som ”kommer och går” i ett maskinsystem under dess livslängd och de har ett rykte att vara bland de svåraste felen att diagnostisera. Fel av intermittent karaktär existerar ofta oupptäckta trots att det har uppskattats att mer än 80% av det totala antalet fel i komponenter är intermittenta fel. Tidigare forskning om intermittenta fel tyder på att intermittenta fel, över tid, i princip alltid leder till permanenta fel. Det verkar dessutom finnas en stor kunskapslucka angående effekten och systempåverkan av intermittenta fel, både inom den akademiska världen och i näringslivet. Vidare kan termen "Inget fel hittats" ha skapat en acceptans-kultur gällande fel i komponenter som intermittenta fel kan ha orsakat. Detta examensarbete syftar till att utveckla en allmän algoritm för diagnostik av intermittenta fel. Algoritmen ska möjliggöra tidig identifiering av sensorer som håller på att gå sönder eller om de intermittenta felen orsakar för stor systempåverkan, vilket är speciellt viktigt i slutet av sensorernas livslängder. Det är önskvärt att Scania effektivt kan identifiera komponenter med intermittenta fel för att spara underhållskostnader och för att hålla kundnöjdheten hög. Flera intermittenta feldetektering- och diagnostikmetoder har utvecklats och testats med hjälp av simuleringar i MATLAB och Simulink. Tre sensorer studerades i detta examensarbete. Sensorerna var avgasmottryck sensorn, hög temperatur sensorn och NOx-sensorn. Avgasmottryck sensorn var en analog sensor medan hög temperatur- och NOx sensorn var digitala sensorer. Dessutom hade alla sensorer olika kommunikationsprotokoll och självdiagnostik möjligheter. För att effektivt kunna utveckla algoritmen kartlades all relevant diagnostik hos de tre sensorerna för att kunna avgöra vilken typ av fel som inte upptäcks av dagens diagnostik. Detta gjordes bland annat genom att studera interna Scania dokumentation och genom att intervjua dem ingenjörer som var ansvariga för den specifika sensorn. De utvecklade algoritmerna fokuserade på att diagnosera dem typer av fel som inte riktigt fångades upp av dagens diagnostik. Under examensarbetets gång identifierades tre kunder av algoritmen, alla med olika krav och önskemål på vad algoritmen ska leverera. Den första kunden är verkstadsarbetaren. De vill att algoritmen ska ge tydliga instruktioner gällande hur det upptäckta felet ska repareras. Den andra kunden av algoritmen är utvecklingsingenjörerna hos Scania. De vill ha statistik och information från algoritmen som kan användas för att få mer kunskap om intermittenta fel. Den kunskapen skulle kunna användas för att utveckla algoritmerna samt för att göra design ändringar i motorn eller sensorerna för att minska förekomsten av intermittenta fel. Den sista kunden av algoritmen är de lagstiftande myndigheterna. De vill att algoritmerna ska varna föraren av lastbilen om intermittenta fel hittas som kan påverka utsläppen samt om säkerheten har blivit försämrad. Alla dessa kunder togs hänsyn till när algoritmerna utvecklades. Resultaten tyder på att de viktigaste faktorerna att ta i beaktande vid utveckling av algoritmer för intermittent fel diagnostik är sensorns självdiagnostik och kommunikationsprotokoll. Vidare tyder resultatet från litteraturstudien att de signal symptom som intermittenta fel kan orsaka är toppar och dalar, oscillation, offset, dämpning, överkänslig signal status nedgradering, ingen signal eller maximum/minimum signal. Orsakerna till dessa symptom varierar mellan lösa/glappande kontakter i lödfogen eller kablaget, komponent åldring, oxidation, fukt, läckage eller föroreningar. Ingen ensam algoritm kan detektera alla dessa möjliga symptom i sensorns signaler, därför utvecklades fem olika detektionsmetoder, varje detektionsmetod kan upptäcka olika typer av fel. Tyvärr utvecklades inga detektionsmetoder som kunde hitta intermittenta offset eller dämpningar. Om algoritmerna implementeras på det sättet som föreslagits i detta examensarbete kan kunskapsluckan fyllas och alla kunder av algoritmen kommer att bli nöjda. Detta görs genom effektiv felisolering, insamling av värdefull information och generering av felkoder om de intermittenta felens påverkan är för stor eller om sensor håller på att gå sönder. Detta skulle möjliggöra proaktiv reperation eller utbyte av sensorer som är på väg att gå sönder. Insamlingen av information rörande intermittenta fel kan Scania använda för att öka kunskapen för att ytterligare förbättra algoritmerna för bättre detektion av intermittenta fel, vilket skulle resultera i ökad prestanda för alla Scania fordon.
24
Potocký, Matej. "Diagnostika závad u automobilu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377085.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This diploma work is targeting fault diagnostics of electronic systems and engines used in automobiles. Results and methods used to diagnose faults are analyzed within the work, using standard diagnostic methods and devices, results of which were captured measuring with multi-channel oscilloscope. Furthermore, suggestions of using methods optimized for cost and time difficulty factors are made.
25
Gadji, Macoura. "Caractérisation de deux anneaux dérivés du chromosome 22 découverts en période prénatale à l'aide de techniques de cytogénétique et de génétique moléculaire". Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22427/22427.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les anomalies chromosomiques peuvent être classées en anomalies de nombre et en anomalies de structure. L’identification des remaniements chromosomiques de structure est facilitée par les techniques de caryotypage à haute résolution et de cytogénétique moléculaire. L’utilisation de ces techniques a été essentielle pour la détection et la caractérisation de deux anneaux issus du même chromosome 22 diagnostiqués en période prénatale. Une amniocentèse a été effectuée à 163/7 semaines chez une femme de 39 ans pour âge maternel avancé. Après investigation, la formule chromosomique du fœtus a été déterminée: 47,XY,r(22)(p11.1p11.2),+r(22)(q11.1q13.31). L’anomalie chromosomique d’origine maternelle est survenue de novo. Le nombre de cellules foetales circulant dans le sang maternel est de 10 cellules par ml. Ce premier cas de deux anneaux constitutionnels du chromosome 22 est un exemple exceptionnel de monosomie partielle avec très peu de manifestations cliniques, malgré la richesse en gènes du segment délété.Objective: Cytogenetic and molecular genetic characterization of two constitutional ring chromosomes 22 identified during prenatal diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A 39 year-old woman, G4P2A1, had amniocentesis at 163/7 weeks of gestation. Conventional and molecular cytogenetic studies with microsatellite analysis of the fetal and parental cells were performed. Results: The fetus had two ring chromosomes derived from chromosome 22 with three breakpoints: one located at the centromere, another, at the p11.2 subband and the third, at the q13.31 subband. The distal part of the two derivative chromosomes was lost. Then, two rings resulted: a small and a large one. The small ring was formed by joining the end of p11.2 subband to a portion of the centromere; the other by joining the second part of the centromere to the end of q13.31 subband. The male fetus presents the following karyotype: 47,XY,r(22)(p11.1p11.2),+r(22)(q11.1q13.31). The proband’s chromosome aberration occurred de novo from the maternal chromosome. At the autopsy, the fetus showed minor clinical features. The number of fetal nucleated blood cells detected in peripheral maternal circulation, showing positive signals for Y chromosome and DiGeorge/VCF.TUPLE1 probes and absence of ARSA control signal, was 10 cells per mL. Conclusion: Despite the haploinsufficiency of many active genes, the fetus showed minor congenital malformations.
26
Nygren, Malin. "Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Biotechnology, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2906.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In DNA-based diagnostics, the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) is the most widely used DNA amplification method. Toenable both sensitive and specific detection of agents causinginfectious diseases, the PCR needs to becombined with methodsto prepare the clinical sample containing the genetic materialof the pathogen. Furthermore, methods for detection and DNAsequence analysis of the PCR amplification products are needed.This thesis describes the development of integrated systems fordetection, quantification and characterization ofmicroorganisms.
An immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique has been usedto isolateBordetella pertussisfrom nasopharyngeal aspiratesamples. The post-PCR detection and typing ofBordetellaspp. was performed by a combination ofrestriction enzyme analysis of the amplified pertussis toxin(PT) promoter region and a solid-phase colorimetric detectionsystem; detection of immobilized amplified nucleic acid(DIANA). To investigate whether this approach could be used forreliable discrimination between the threeBordetellaspp. infecting humans, the PT promoter regionused for diagnostics was sequenced in 33 strains. To determinethe DNA sequence of this polymorphic and repetitive region, anew technique, bidirectional pyrosequencing, was utilized. Thisprocedure was used to resolve the sequence of this DNA region,which is able to form stable secondary structures inconventional Sanger DNA sequencing. A quantitative assay usingcompetitive PCR and the DIANA detection technique was alsodeveloped, for quantification ofB. pertussisin clinical samples.
By arbitrary PCR, a DNA sequence apparently specific forVibrio choleraeO139 Bengal was isolated andcharacterized. A nested PCR assay was developed for sensitiveand specific detection ofV. choleraeO139 Bengal in clinical samples and inenvironmental water samples, where differentiation betweenV. choleraeO139 Bengal andV. choleraO1 is of epidemiological interest.
The magnetic separation approach was also used to capturehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) RNA from patient plasma. Anested reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with four internalcompetitors was combined with electrophoretic separation andquantification of the PCR amplicons on an automated DNAsequencer. From the internal calibration curve, the amount ofHIV-1 RNA in the sample could be determined. Furthermore, aprimer extension assay was combined with detection andquantification of the competitive PCR products by the samebiochemiluminescent detection technique that is used inpyrosequencing. Quantification of HIV-1 viral load hasimplications in monitoring of antiretroviral therapy and inassessment of disease progression into AIDS.
Key words:bioluminescence,Bordetella, competitive PCR, DNA sequencing, humanimmunodeficiency virus type 1, PCR, pyrosequencing, solid-phasetechnology,Vibrio cholerae
© Malin Nygren, 2000
27
Jin, Chuan. "Investigation of Diagnostics for Buses". Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-129476.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As vehicle functions are getting more complex, the difficulty of diagnosing work is increasing. Currently, at Volvo Bus Corporation, there are two main methods to do fault tracing on the body, but there is no guided diagnostics, which means if something wrong happens, we can get a warning but we have no idea how to locate the error component efficiently, the diagnosis work depends largely on the expert’s experience.
In this thesis, the front door system of a Volvo bus is chosen to be a target system to try the model-based diagnosis method. The system is modeled with a model-based reasoning software called RODON. With the help of the tool, the model can be created, modified and simulated. Based on the model, the corresponding database can be generated automatically after some constraints are set, then we can generate the decision tree based on the database, that is what we expect from the model. And with the help of the decision tree, the mechanics can be guided to the right direction to find out the erroneous component precisely and efficiently.
The results of guided diagnostics were good and all the faults injected on the bus are detected and the guided diagnostics method was proved more efficient than other existing methods.
Based on the result presented in the thesis, we can draw a conclusion that the guided diagnostics can be integrated to the already existing method as a complement.
28
Onofri, Fabrice. "Diagnostics Optiques des Milieux Multiphasiques". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287927.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ce manuscrit d'habitation à diriger des recherches porte sur la caractérisation optique des écoulements multiphasiques. Il rassemble trois types de contributions. La première, traite de la modélisation des propriétés de diffusion de la lumière des particules rencontrées dans ces milieux : gouttes, bulles et fibres homogènes ; particules sphériques, fibres et jets à gradient radial d'indice, à coeur ; particules ellipsoïdales, hétérogènes ou irrégulières. Ces développements théoriques et numériques sont basés sur la théorie de Lorenz- Mie ou des modèles asymptotiques : modèle statistique, optique physique et géométrique. La deuxième partie de ce manuscrit, introduit le principe de techniques optiques originales pour la caractérisation simultanée de la vitesse, de la taille et du matériau de particules en écoulement : technique Dual Burst, Dual Mode, Interférométrie phase Doppler à 3 faisceaux cohérents, diffractométrie haute résolution, diffusion critique et arc-en-ciel. La troisième partie présente différents travaux réalisés dans le cadre de collaborations universitaires ou industrielles, sur des sujets aussi variés que la caractérisation des propriétés optiques de globules rouges, la caractérisation de système en combustion, les instabilités de jets capillaires homogènes ou à coeur ; le fibrage du verre à haute température ; les fibres optiques ; l'étude expérimentale d'instabilités thermo-solutales et de l'hydrodynamique d'écoulements gaz-solides en lit fluidisé circulant. Ce manuscrit comprend également un résumé de mes activités d'enseignement, de valorisation et de management de la recherche, ainsi que les reproductions de dix articles.
29
Akhras, Michael S. "Nucleic Acid Based Pathogen Diagnostics". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4684.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pathogenic organisms are transmitted to the host organism through all possible connected pathways, and cause a myriad of diseases states. Commonly occurring curable infectious diseases still impose the greatest health impacts on a worldwide perspective. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation partnered with RAND Corporation to form the Global Health Diagnostics Forum, with the goal of establishing and interpreting mathematical models for what effects a newly introduced point-of-care pathogen diagnostic would have in developing countries. The results were astonishing, with potentially millions of lives to be saved on an annual basis. Golden standard for diagnostics of pathogenic bacteria has long been cultureable medias. Environmental biologists have estimated that less than 1% of all bacteria are cultureable. Genomic-based approaches offer the potential to identify all microbes from all the biological kingdoms. Nucleic acid based pathogen diagnostics has evolved significantly over the past decades. Novel technologies offer increased potential in sensitivity, specificity, decreased costs and parallel sample management. However, most methods are confined to core laboratory facilities. To construct an ultimate nucleic acid based diagnostic for use in areas of need, potential frontline techniques need to be identified and combined. The research focus of this doctoral thesis work has been to develop and apply nucleic acid based methods for pathogen diagnostics. Methods and assays were applied to the two distinct systems i) screening for antibiotic resistance mutations in the bacterial pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and ii) genotype determination of the cancer causative Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The first part of the study included development of rapid, direct and multiplex Pyrosequencing nucleic acid screenings. With improved methodology in the sample preparation process, we could detect an existence of multiple co-infecting HPV genotypes at greater sensitivities than previously described, when using the same type of methodology. The second part of the study focused on multiplex nucleic acid amplification strategies using Molecular Inversion Probes with end-step Pyrosequencing screening. The PathogenMip assay presents a complete detection schematic for virtually any known pathogenic organism. We also introduce the novel Connector Inversion Probe, a padlock probe capable of complete gap-fill reactions for multiplex nucleic acid amplifications.Patogena organismer smittas till värd organismen genom alla möjliga kontaktnätverk och skapar en mångfald olika sjukdomstillstånd. Dock är det fortfarande vanligt förekommande behandlingsbara infektiösa sjukdomar som orsakar den största hälsoförlusten, sett från ett globalt perspektiv. Bill och Melinda Gates Stiftelsen samarbetade med RAND kooperation för att forma “The Global Health Diagnostics Forum”. Deras mål var att etablera och analysera matematiska modeller för vilka effekter en ny diagnostisk metod utrustat för fältarbete skulle ha i utvecklingsländer. Resultaten var häpnadsveckande, med potentiellt miljoner av liv som skulle kunna räddas på en årlig basis. Den etablerade standarden för diagnostik av patogena bakterier har länge varit kultiveringsmedia baserad. Miljö specialiserade biologer har estimerat att mindre än 1 % av alla bakterie arter går att kultivera. Dock erbjuder genetiska analyser potentialen att kunna identifiera alla mikrober från alla de biologiska rikena. Nukleinsyrebaserade diagnostiska metoder har märkbart förbättrats över de senaste årtionden. Nya tekniker erbjuder utökad sensitivitet, selektivitet, sänkta kostnader och parallella analyser av patient prover. Dock är de flesta metoderna begränsade till standardiserade laboratoriemiljöer. För att konstruera en väl fungerande diagnostisk fältutrustning för användning i problem områden, behöver världsledande tekniker identifieras och kombineras. Fokuseringsområdet för denna doktorsavhandling har varit att utveckla och utföra nukleinsyrebaserade metoder för patogen diagnostik. Metoder och experimentella utförande applicerades på två distinkta system i) sökning av antibiotika resistens relaterade mutationer i den patogena bakterien Neisseria gonorrhoeae och ii) genotypning av det cancer orsakande Humana Papillomaviruset (HPV). Den första delen av studien inriktade sig mot utveckling av snabba, direkta och multiplexa Pyrosekvenserings baserade nukleinsyreanalyser. Med förbättrad provprepareringsmetodologi kunde vi detektera multipla HPV infektioner med högre sensitivitet än vad tidigare beskrivits med liknande metodologi. Den andra delen av studien fokuserades på multiplexa nukleinsyre amplifikationer med “Molecular Inversion Probe” tekniken med sista steg Pyrosekvenserings analys. “PathogenMip assay” erbjuder ett komplett detektionsprotokoll för alla kända patogena organismer. Vi introducerar även den nya “Connector Inversion Probe”, en “Padlock Probe” kapabel att genomföra kompletta gap fyllningar för multiplex nukleinsyre amplifiering.
QC 20100624
30
Moradpour, Chahaki Saeed. "On-Board Diagnostics over Ethernet". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19527.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Modern vehicles are more electrical than mechanical. As the vehicle industry goes on, more mechanical parts are being replaced by electrical components, e.g. x-by-wire. Weight and production costs could be the major factors in this revolution. To ensure the safety and in time response (meeting request’s deadline), the connection between these components is of great importance. Trying to find a protocol and standard that fits the vehicle industry to connect all ECUs, sensors and actuators together is not an easy task, since we are dealing with a system that has got a diverse type of traffic. Safety on the one hand and cost on the other hand are pushing the manufacturers to find the best networking protocol. In this report I am going to investigate the possibility and the risk of implementing on-board diagnostics over Ethernet. UDS (unified diagnostic services) and DoIP (diagnostic communication over Internet protocol) are the protocols that are going to be studied. To be more precise, I will investigate the possibility and the risk of UDS and DoIP implementation. The reason is that with the increasing number of ECUs and volume of data (parameter setting, downloading software, etc.,), the already implemented protocols and standards are not able to answer the required bandwidth. The wide acceptance and high bandwidth of Ethernet on one hand and its low cost infrastructure on the other hand has made Ethernet a candidate for this purpose. The feasibility of Ethernet for in-vehicle network has already been investigated as I will show in the review of previous works. There are a couple of works that shows by using a suitable protocol in data link layer, we can meet the real-time requirement of a process. By reviewing these previous works we will find out that using Ethernet for vehicle on-board diagnostics is feasible. After investigating risks and manufacturer’s requirements along with worldwide legislations for the vehicle industry I will develop a DoIP gateway according to ISO 13400 which is connected to a CAN bus from one side and to a test tool via Ethernet from another side (Fig.1). UDS and DoIP protocols are implemented on both test tool and DoIP gateway. The practical part of the work is a complementary step in risk investigation that will be analysed. Having Ethernet as a carrier allows us to make use of different protocols, based on different needs like bandwidth, latency and real-time characteristics. This fact allows the network to have multi-type data which is usually the case with in-vehicle network. That is, we can use Ethernet not only for on-board diagnostics but also for other in-vehicle domains, such as the chassis, infotainment and comfort. At the end I will propose two models that will help the designers in this domain.
31
Meisingseth, Andreas. "Demodulation Techniques in Gearbox Diagnostics". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-177275.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis covers the scope of one out of many ways to diagnose gearboxes, demodulating the excited vibrational signals to enhance fault detection and identification. The topic is not only of academic interest since the achievements that can be made by successful machine condition monitoring in the industry. It has a potential value that is close to be absurd, for example unplanned production stops is commonly known to be one of the worst nightmares for manufacturing companies and if one can detect faults in early stages one can improve the possibilityto plan a production stop and therefore increase the profit. Four demodulation algorithms were developed and implemented in MATLAB on data characterized by close to stationarity and distinctive energy centered around the harmonics of the gearmesh frequency. The resulting algorithms for narrowband phase and amplitude demodulation was shown to outperform Hilbert transform based phase and amplitude demodulation algorithms in gearbox diagnostics. One of the goals with the thesis was therefore reached; demodulation algorithms were developed and implemented on data. A comparison of these algorithms was done and a conclusion of which demodulation technique is superior was done. Experimental work was carried out on a test-rig and both local and distributed faults were introduced to two gearboxes, one kind of fault per gearbox. However, the data acquired from the test-rig showed severe non-stationarity and smeared spectrum properties even when angular resampling was performed and therefore a major drawback of the demodulation techniques was exploited since the methods for demodulation in this thesis are not applicable for signals with smeared spectrums. The other goal was therefore not accomplished; to distinguish a local fault from a distributed fault in data acquired by experimental work by applying the selected demodulation techniques.
32
Vähäoja, P. (Pekka). "Oil analysis in machine diagnostics". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514280768.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract
This study concentrates on developing and tuning various oil analysis methods to meet the requirements of modern industry and environmental analytics. Oil analysis methods form a vital part of techniques used to monitor the condition of machines and may help to improve the overall equipment effectiveness value of a factory in a significant manner.
Worm gears are used in various production machines, and their breakdowns may cause significant production losses. Wearing of these gears is relatively difficult to monitor with vibration analysis. Analysis of two indicator metals, copper and iron, may reveal wearing phenomena of worm gears effectively, and savings can be significant.
Effective wear metal analysis requires good tools. ICP-OES with kerosene dilution is widely used in wear metal analysis, but purchasing and using of ICP-OES is expensive. A cheaper FAAS technique with similar pre-treatment of oil samples was tested and it proved to be useful especially in analyzing small amounts of samples. The accuracy of FAAS was sufficient for quantitative work in machine diagnostics and waste oil characterization. Solid debris analyses are useful in oil contamination control as well as in detection of wearing mechanisms. Membrane filtration, optical microscopy, SEM and automatic particle counting were applied in analysis of rolling and gear oils. Particle counting is an effective way to detect oil contamination, but in the studied cases even larger particles than those detected in normal ISO classes would be informative. However, membrane filtration and optical microscopy may reveal the wearing machine element exactly. Additives provide oils with desired properties thus they should be monitored intensively. A FTIR method for quantitative analysis of fatty alcohols and fatty acid esters in machinery oils was developed during this work. It has already been used successfully in quantitative and qualitative analysis of machinery oil samples.
Various kinds of oils may be spilled into the soil during use and in accident situations, and they can migrate to groundwater layers. Biodegradation of oils can remove them from the soil or water completely or at least diminish the amount of harmful substances. An automatic, respirometric BOD OxiTop method was used to evaluate the biodegradability of various oils in water and soil media. The biodegradation of certain bio and mineral hydraulic oils was evaluated in groundwater, where bio oils usually biodegraded more effectively than mineral oils. The use of oils in machines weakened especially the biodegradability of bio oils. Biodegradability of bio oils was also studied in standard conditions of OECD 301 F and bio oils usually biodegraded moderately good in these conditions. The biodegradation of forestry chain oils and wood preservative oils was evaluated in forest soils. Linseed oil biodegraded moderately, but certain experimental wood preservatives biodegraded more effectively. Widely used creosote oil biodegraded in a lesser degree. Rapeseed oil-based chain oils biodegraded more effectively than corresponding tall oil.
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Delserieys, A. "Optical diagnostics of laser plasmas". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492152.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An optical Thomson scattering diagnostic has been implemented on low temperature laser-produced plasmas. This is a novel diagnostic for these types of plasmas which provides a reliable non-intrusi~e means of determining absolute values for electron number density and temperature, with a minimal number of assumptions required compared to most diagnostics used so far. A frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser was used as a source of scattered light, then detected with a gated ICCD detector after being spectrally resolved by a 1 meter grating spectrometer. The density and temperature of an expanding KrF laser-ablated magnesium plume have been obtained. The e.lectron temperature was found to decay with the expected Te oc C1 dependence. However, it was found that the electron density has a time dependence ne oc t-4 . 95 which can be explained by strong recombination processes. Atomic Raman satellites were also observed; they were identified as originating from transitions between the different angular momentum levels of the metastable 3pO term in Mgl. Comparison with preliminary calculations of Rayleigh and Raman cross-sections of Mgl ground state and first excited state showed variations in the population of metastables relative to atoms and ions. The study was then extended further by adapting the system to an optical emission spectroscopy diagnostic. Up to - 40% discrepancy was found between the results given by each diagnostics, questioning the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma, assumed to analyse the emission spectra. Supplied by The British Librawe world's knowledge'
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Benghiat, Sonia. "Diagnostics for generalized linear models". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64046.pdf.
Testo completo
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Råsbäck, Therese. "Laboratory diagnostics of Brachyspira species /". Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200769.pdf.
Testo completo
36
Salamat, Reza. "Gas path diagnostics for compressors". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7889.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The use and application of compressors cannot be overemphasized in the aeronautical and oil & gas industries. Yet research works in sufficient depth has not been conducted previously to analyze their actual behaviour under degraded or even new conditions in operation.
For the purpose of degradation modeling and simulation, a compressor model was set up using thermodynamic equations and affinity laws representing the characteristics of a clean compressor. HYSYS was used for degradation modeling analysis by implanting known linear and nonlinear degradation trends for an operating point and taking the compressor measurement changes. It was then assumed the degradation levels are unknown and these were established by applying the compressor health indices to the new compressor map. A diagnostic method for compressors was developed where the prediction in degradation levels were compared for diagnostic purposes.
By applying a unique “successive iteration method” to a real gas site compressor data at various speeds, a compressor performance adaptation technique has been developed in this thesis which maps out the actual performance of the compressor shows the errors in performance prediction has been reduced from 5-15% to a minimum. This performance adaptation method allows the compressor performance map to be adapted against field data of a compressor for a range of speeds. All data were corrected to a common datum and GPA Indices were utilised for the evaluation of confidence in the established method.
By observing the centrifugal compressor performance data from 2006 to 2010, the actual compressor degradation was quantified and modeled by trending techniques for diagnostic and prognostic purposes so that the operator can plan ahead for maintenance by knowing an estimate for the actual health of the compressor at any time.
The major conclusions are that the performance adaptation developed for the site compressor and the diagnostic technique by data trending has been successful. And estimation of degradation in health indicators (throughput, pressure ratio and efficiency drops) by scaling the measurable parameters is a useful tool for diagnostic purposes.
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Moustakas, John. "Spectral Diagnostics of Galaxy Evolution". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/305142.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite considerable progress in recent years, a complete description of the physical drivers of galaxy formation and evolution remains elusive, in part because of our poor understanding of star formation, and how star formation in galaxies is regulated by feedback from supernovae and massive stellar winds. Insight into the star formation histories of galaxies, and the interplay between star formation and feedback, can be gained by measuring their chemical abundances, which until recently has only been possible for galaxies in the nearby universe. However, reliable star formation and abundance calibrations have been hampered by various systematic uncertainties, and the lack of a suitable spectrophotometric sample with which to develop better calibrations. To address the limitations of existing surveys, we have obtained integrated optical spectra for a diverse sample of more than four hundred nearby star-forming galaxies. Using these data, in conjunction with observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we conduct a detailed analysis of optical star formation indicators, and develop empirical calibrations for the [O II] 3727 and H-beta 4861 nebular emission lines. Next, we investigate whether integrated spectroscopy of star forming galaxies can be used to infer their gas-phase oxygen abundances in the presence of radial abundance gradients, diffuse-ionized gas emission, and dust attenuation. We conclude that the integrated R23 parameter is generally insensitive to these systematic effects, enabling the gas-phase metallicity to be measured with a precision of +/-0.1 dex. We apply these methods to study the evolution in the luminosity-metallicity relation at 0
38
Glasgow, Craig I. "Mixing diagnostics using particle tracking". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244528.
Testo completo
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Kremer, Clemens. "Improved diagnostics for sleeping sickness". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4822/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this work was to explore an alternative to existing methods of detection for Human African Trypanosomiasis (also known as sleeping sickness). A new approach to diagnostics for sleeping sickness is needed, since the existing methods of detection employed in the field have significant shortcomings in terms of sensitivity, cost or ease of operation. In this work, the enrichment of trypanosomes from blood using travelling electric fields and the selective lysis of cells using optoelectronic tweezers will be presented. Both techniques allow for the enrichment of trypanosomes from blood samples but the first is more suited for an application as a point-of-care device, while the latter is also applicable to other cell types and offers greater flexibility. Besides demonstrating and quantifying the experimental results the work includes simulations to further explain the phenomena and investigate the underlying mechanisms. The results presented here offer a new method to enrich trypanosomes, a central step in any potential diagnostic tool. They open up the possibility to develop a new solution to the challenges posed by sleeping sickness diagnostics and allow for miniaturisation and automation of the process.
40
Isheden, Gabriel. "Diagnostics of Semantic Word Spaces". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-142614.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In collaboration with Gavagai, a company that develops automated and scalable methods for retrieving actionable intelligence from dynamic data, I have been studying semantic word spaces and topology. In this bachelor’s thesis, with help from computational topology, I introduce new ways to describe properties of these semantic word spaces, so called barcodes. I develop a measure to describe barcodes of betti number zero, prove its validity and discuss its implications.
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Buche, Silvain. "Polymer electrolyte fuel cell diagnostics". Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285318.
Testo completo
42
Warnes, Alexis. "Diagnostics in time series analysis". Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5159/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The portmanteau diagnostic test for goodness of model fit is studied. It is found that the true variances of the estimated residual autocorrelation function are potentially deflated considerably below their asymptotic level, and exhibit high correlations with each other. This suggests a new portmanteau test, ignoring the first p + q residual autocorrelation terms and hence approximating the asymptotic chi-squared distribution more closely. Simulations show that this alternative portmanteau test produces greater accuracy in its estimated significance levels, especially in small samples. Theory and discussions follow, pertaining to both the Dynamic Linear Model and the Bayesian method of forecasting. The concept of long-term equivalence is defined. The difficulties with the discounting approach in the DLM are then illustrated through an example, before deriving equations for the step-ahead forecast distribution which could, instead, be used to estimate the evolution variance matrix W(_t). Non-uniqueness of W in the constant time series DLM is the principal drawback with this idea; however, it is proven that in any class of long-term equivalent models only p degrees of freedom can be fixed in W, leading to a potentially diagonal form for this matrix. The bias in the k(^th) step-ahead forecast error produced by any TSDLM variance (mis)specification is calculated. This yields the variances and covariances of the forecast error distribution; given sample estimates of these, it proves possible to solve equations arising from these calculations both for V and p elements of W. Simulations, and a "head-to-head" comparison, for the frequently-applied steady model illustrate the accuracy of the predictive calculations, both in the convergence properties of the sample (co)variances, and the estimates Ṽ and Ŵ. The method is then applied to a 2-dimensional constant TSDLM. Further simulations illustrate the success of the approach in producing accurate on-line estimates for the true variance specifications within this widely-used model.
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Bolland, Peter James. "Robust neural estimation and diagnostics". Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298220.
Testo completo
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Humphreys, Emma J. "Molecular diagnostics for cereal rusts". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273258.
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Jing, Cao. "Spray diagnostics by laser diffraction". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321852.
Testo completo
46
Buckley, Alastair. "Laser diagnostics of discharge lamps". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322979.
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Martino, Wenceslao Moreda. "Novel stains as malaria diagnostics". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401409.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Chapter One highlights the importance of the control of malaria and its significance to the health of the world population. The vital role of the diagnosis of malaria is discussed as are the advantages and disadvantages of the different diagnostic techniques. This Chapter also provides a brief introduction to the chemistry of synthetic dyes. Chapter Two reviews the mechanism of synthesis of cyanine dyes, as these are of particular importance in this research work. The characteristic properties of these dyes are discussed. Chapter Three deals with the spectroscopic properties of the dyes synthesised in this work. Chapter Four studies the use of theoretical calculations for the characterisation of the electronic and structural properties of the dyes as well as the relation of such properties to their biological activity. Chapter Five examines the effectiveness of the biological activity of the dyes as malaria diagnostics. The complex of dye molecule and DNA can be explained in terms of an intercalculation model. Chapter Six studies the redox behaviour of the dyes with complex metal hydrides, catalytic hydrogenation, and hydrogen peroxide. The electrochemical reduction/oxidation using cyclic voltammetry is described.
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Yu, Tania Weidan. "Iris imaging for health diagnostics". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119548.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-51).
The development of mobile technology and machine learning tools has made it easier than ever to monitor health without visiting a doctor. In this thesis, we explore the use of iris imaging as a medical diagnostic tool. We implement a system in which images captured using a mobile device can be uploaded to and analyzed by a central server. With this platform, we hope to build a large database of standard iris images with labeled medical data and facilitate studies of iris diagnostics. In our implementation, the feature extraction and classification tools built are applied to predict diabetes, through a study conducted in collaboration with researchers at Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA). The results show improvement in prediction accuracy and encourage further development of the server platform for future, large-scale studies.
by Tania Weidan Yu.
M. Eng.
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Treppo, Steven. "Physical diagnostics of cartilage degeneration". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85263.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, February 1999."January 1999."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-239).
by Steven Treppo.
Ph.D.
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Sobel, Adam H. 1967. "Quantitative diagnostics of stratospheric mixing". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57961.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-134).
by Adam Harrison Sobel.
Ph.D.