Tesi sul tema "Diagnostic nutritionnel"
Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: Diagnostic nutritionnel.
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-42 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Diagnostic nutritionnel".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
1
Gharieb, Katia. "Exposition précoce aux toxiques et déséquilibres nutritionnels : l’inflammation et les lésions précancéreuses de la prostate". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4125.
Abstract (sommario):
Les maladies chroniques de l’adulte (maladies cardiovasculaires, cancers, maladies respiratoires et diabète) tuent chaque année dans le monde 38 millions de personnes dont 16 millions avant l’âge de 70 ans. Jusqu’aux années 1990, l’origine de ces pathologies étaient associée au style de vie de l’individu : consommation de tabac, d’alcool, l’inactivité physique et un régime alimentaire déséquilibré. Depuis l’élaboration du concept de DOHaD, identifiant les origines développementales de la santé et des maladies, de nombreuses données montrent que les maladies chroniques de l’adulte ont, en partie, une origine très précoce pendant la période péri conceptionnelle (in utero, premières années de la vie). L’exposition, à cette période, à des déséquilibres alimentaires, des toxiques, des produits chimiques synthétiques perturbant les hormones endogènes (perturbateurs endocriniens, PEs) pourra impacter l’organisme en développement via des modifications épigénétiques qui retiennent la mémoire des facteurs environnementaux auxquels sont soumis les individus. Toutefois, les phénotypes et les mécanismes impliqués sont encore loin d’être décryptés. Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous nous sommes intéressée aux effets développementaux sur la prostate. En effet, le cancer de la prostate (CaP) est la deuxième cause de cancer et la 5° cause de mort par cancer dans le monde. Les données de la littérature montrent que les déséquilibres alimentaires (régime riche en graisse, HFD) et les PEs œstrogèno-mimétiques sont des facteurs de risque pour ce cancer. Nous avons développé un modèle expérimental de rats (jeunes adultes, 90 jours post-natal) exposés pendant la gestation jusqu’au sevrage à un HFD (60% de graisses), ou à un estrogène (estradiol benzoate, EB) pendant la période néonatale, ou bien à la combinaison des deux, pour explorer les effets sur la prostate (lobe ventral). L’exposition péri natale à l’EB ou à la combinaison EB+HFD diminue le poids de la prostate adulte. Cette anomalie est associée à une inflammation de la prostate modérée (HFD), importante (EB) ou massive (EB+HFD). L’infiltrat est composé essentiellement de macrophages et de lymphocytes T. Cette inflammation est associée à une augmentation dans la prostate du taux de cytokines pro-inflammatoires TNFa, CCL2/MCP1 (EB) mais aussi IL-6 (EB+HFD) ainsi qu’à une dérégulation de l’inflammasome NLRP3. NLRP3 est activé de façon chronique puisque l’on observe une sur expression de ses substrats IL-1b et IL-18. En conclusion, nous montrons que l’exposition péri conception à un estrogène ou à la combinaison RRG+EB programme des lésions prostatiques chez l’animal adulte. Chez l’homme, il est suggéré que des lésions inflammatoires chroniques (atrophie proliférative inflammatoire) seraient, comme pour d’autres organes, une première étape vers le début de la carcinogenèse. Ainsi, notre modèle expérimental permettrait l’étude des étapes précoces de la tumorigenèse prostatiqueNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases and diabetes kill 38 million people worldwide every year, 16 million of them before the age of 70. Until the 1990s, the origin of these pathologies was associated with the lifestyle of the individual: consumption of tobacco, alcohol, physical inactivity and an unbalanced diet. Since the development of the concept of DOHaD, identifying the developmental origins of health and disease, number of evidence showed that NCDs have, in part, an early origin during the peri-conception period (in utero, first years of life). Exposure during this period to food imbalances, toxic chemicals, synthetic chemicals disrupting endogenous hormones (endocrine disruptors, EDCs) may impact the developing body through epigenetic changes imprinted by the environmental factors to which individuals are exposed. However, the phenotypes and mechanisms involved are still far from being decrypted. During this thesis, we focused on developmental effects on the prostate. In fact, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer and the fifth leading cause of death by cancer in the world. Data from the literature shows that dietary imbalances (High Fat Diet, HFD) and estrogen-like EDCs are risk factors for this cancer. We developed an experimental model of rats (young adults, 90 days postnatal) exposed during pregnancy until weaning to HFD (60% fat), or estrogen (estradiol benzoate, EB) during the neonatal period, or a combination of both, to explore the effects on the prostate (ventral lobe). Peri-natal exposure to EB or EB + HFD reduces the weight of the adult prostate. This abnormality is associated with low (HFD), moderate (EB) or massive (EB + HFD) prostate inflammation. The infiltrate is composed mainly of macrophages and T lymphocytes. This inflammation is associated with an increase in the prostate of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFa, CCL2 / MCP1 (EB) but also IL-6 (EB + HFD) as well as a deregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 is chronically activated since its substrates IL1b and IL-18 were over expressed. In conclusion, we show that peri-conception exposure to an estrogen or HFD + EB combination programs prostatic lesions in adult animals. In men, it is suggested that chronic inflammatory lesions (proliferative inflammatory atrophy) would, as for other organs, be a first step towards the onset of carcinogenesis. Thus, our experimental model is relevant for the study of the early stages of prostatic tumorigenesis
2
Rabetsaroana, Vololona. "Etude de l'état nutritionnel d'enfants admis dans un service de pédiatrie générale à Paris". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P041.
3
Issa, Carine. "Régime méditerranéen traditionnel et adiposité dans un échantillon rural au Liban, et qualité nutritionnelle des plats composés". Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20705.
Abstract (sommario):
L’alimentation Méditerranéenne (Med) traditionnelle est reconnue depuis longtemps pour ses effets bénéfiques dans la prévention des maladies chroniques. Malheureusement, au Liban, comme dans d’autres pays de la Méditerranée, l'alimentation traditionnelle est progressivement remplacée par une alimentation occidentale. Cette évolution défavorable s’accompagne d’une augmentation de la prévalence de l’obésité. Cependant, les régions rurales semblent avoir entamé leur transition nutritionnelle plus tardivement et de façon moins abrupte. Dans ce contexte, deux études complémentaires ont été effectuées afin d'examiner les caractéristiques de l’alimentation de ruraux Libanais, en lien avec l'adiposité. Notre premier objectif a été de tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’adhésion à un régime Med traditionnel est associée à une moindre adiposité dans cet échantillon rural. Notre second objectif a été d'estimer la qualité nutritionnelle globale des plats Libanais traditionnels et de la comparer avec celle des plats les plus consommés en France, en se basant sur le nouveau concept de profilage nutritionnel. Les résultats ont montré une association inverse entre la qualité du régime et les marqueurs d’adiposité (ç. à. D. Indice de masse corporelle et tour de taille) lorsque la qualité nutritionnelle a été évaluée avec un nouveau score, le Composite Med, incluant des composantes positives (ç. à. D. Céréales et graines complètes, légumes, fruits), des composantes négatives adaptées à notre échantillon (ç. à. D. Céréales et graines raffinées, boissons sucrées), ainsi que des composantes positives spécifiques au régime Med (ç. à. D. Légumineuses, huile d’olive et poisson). Les résultats de la seconde partie de notre travail ont montré que la moyenne de la quantité de légumes et féculents non-raffinés combinée représentait plus de 50% du poids total dans les plats composés Libanais (LD) et seulement 25% dans les plats composés consommés en France (FD). Les LD étaient significativement plus riches en vitamine C que les FD et contenaient moins d'acides gras saturés et de sodium que les FD. Ainsi, les plats Libanais traditionnels avaient en général une bonne qualité nutritionnelle avec deux fois plus de LD que de FD appartenant à la classe de profil nutritionnel le plus favorable. L'application du concept de profilage nutritionnel à la cuisine traditionnelle Libanaise suggère que ce riche héritage culinaire pourrait être mis à profit pour améliorer la diversité alimentaire et promouvoir une alimentation plus saine au Liban. De plus, nos résultats sont en accord avec l'hypothèse d'un effet protecteur de l'alimentation Med sur l'adiposité (totale et abdominale). Dans l'ensemble, nos travaux suggèrent que la réintroduction des habitudes alimentaires traditionnelles dans les pays Méditerranéens pourrait contribuer à prévenir la progression du surpoids et de l'obésité, et ainsi éviter une dégradation de l'état de santé des populations dans cette régionThe traditional Mediterranean (Med) diet has been widely documented for its benefits in the prevention of chronic diseases. Unfortunately, in Lebanon, as in other Med countries, the traditional diet is eroding toward a more westernized diet. This detrimental evolution is accompanied by an increased prevalence of obesity. However, rural areas seem to be experiencing a smoother nutrition transition. In this context, two complimentary studies were performed to document the diet characteristics of a rural sample in Lebanon and the relationship with adiposity. First, we aimed to test the hypothesis that adherence to a traditional Med diet was associated with a lower prevalence of body adiposity in this rural sample. Secondly, we aimed to determine the global nutritional quality of traditional Lebanese dishes as compared to dishes most consumed in France, based on the new concept of nutrient profiling. The findings demonstrated an inverse association between diet quality and adiposity markers (namely, Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference) when dietary quality was assessed with a new Composite Med score, including both positive components of the diet (i. E. Whole grain and cereal products, vegetables, fruit) and negative components adapted to our sample (i. E. Refined grain and cereal products, liquid sweets), along with positive key components of the Med diet (i. E. Legumes, olive oil, and fish). Results of the second part of our work showed that the mean of vegetable and unrefined starches contents combined represented more than 50% of total weight in composite dishes from Lebanon (LD) and only 25% in dishes consumed in France (FD). LD were significantly richer in vitamin C than FD and had significantly lower content in saturated fatty acids and sodium than FD. Thus, traditional Lebanese dishes were found to generally have a good nutritional quality with twice as many LD as FD belonging to the most favorable nutrient profile class. The nutrient profile perspective suggested that the rich traditional cuisine heritage of Lebanon has the potential to improve dietary diversity and healthy eating. Moreover, our results support the concept that adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet is associated with reduced general and abdominal adiposity. Overall, our work suggests that the reintroduction of traditional dietary habits in Mediterranean countries could slow down the increasing trend toward overweight and obesity, and thus prevent detrimental health consequences in populations of this region
4
Fassier, Philippine. "Alimentation, consommation d’alcool, activité physique, prise de compléments alimentaires, variation de poids et représentations nutritionnelles : évolution avant/apres diagnostic d’un cancer". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD072/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Alors que les survivants du cancer sont à risque plus élevé de second cancer, d’autres pathologies et de déclin fonctionnel ; les facteurs de mode de vie, comme une alimentation équilibrée, une pratique d’activité physique et le contrôle d’un poids sain, peuvent contribuer à prévenir ces risques et améliorer la qualité de vie des survivants du cancer. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de cette thèse étaient, parmi les survivants du cancer de la cohorte française prospective NutriNet-Santé, 1) d’investiguer les variations du comportement nutritionnel entre avant et après diagnostic de cancer ainsi que la consommation de compléments alimentaires, et 2) d’évaluer les opinions vis-à-vis de certains facteurs nutritionnels, et de les mettre en regard de leurs pratiques alimentaires réelles d’une part, et de leurs sources d’information nutritionnelles d’autre part. Dans un premier temps, nous avons observé des tendances favorables à la santé comme une diminution de la consommation d’alcool et des boissons sucrées non alcoolisées, et d’autres moins favorables comme une diminution de la consommation de légumes et de plusieurs apports en vitamines et minéraux. Un déclin de l’activité physique globale et intense était observé. De manière cohérente, nous avons observé une augmentation des comportements sédentaires, particulièrement chez les femmes, les sujets plus âgés et les patients qui n’étaient pas actif professionnellement. Nous avons observé une perte de poids chez certains cas de cancers colorectaux, alors qu’une prise de poids était observée chez les cas de cancers du sein et de la peau. Les facteurs sociodémographiques et économiques semblaient influencer le risque de prise de poids, suggérant des inégalités sociales de santé (risque plus élevé chez les patients ayant des revenus et un niveau d’étude plus faible). Nos résultats suggéraient que la consommation de compléments alimentaires était largement répandue chez les survivants du cancer, en grande partie sans suivi médical, incluant une proportion non négligeable de patients ayant des pratiques de consommation de compléments alimentaires pouvant être considérées comme « à risque ».Dans un second temps, nous avons observé que les opinions des survivants du cancer concernant certains facteurs nutritionnels semblaient impacter leurs pratiques alimentaires et étaient eux-mêmes impactés par les sources d’informations auxquelles les survivants du cancer avaient eu accès depuis leur diagnostic de cancer. En particulier, les opinions concernant la consommation d’alcool étaient préoccupantes, avec une proportion importante de survivants du cancer qui pensaient que la consommation d’alcool (et plus encore concernant le vin rouge) avait un impact positif sur leur maladie. Les régimes restrictifs pour perdre du poids étaient pratiqués par une grande partie de notre échantillon ; le jeûne était moins pratiqué, mais était loin d’être un phénomène isoléWhile cancer survivors are at increased risk for negative conditions as second cancers, other comorbidities, and functional decline ; lifestyle factors, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise and weight control, may contribute to prevent these conditions and improve survivors' quality of life. In this context, aims of this thesis were, among cancer survivors from the French prospective NutriNet-Santé study, to 1) investigate nutritional variations between before and after cancer diagnosis as well as dietary supplements use, and 2) evaluate opinions relating to some diet factors and to weight-loss restrictive diets and fasting practices, and to link them on the one hand to their real practices, and, on the other hand, to their sources of nutritional information.In the first part, our results highlight some healthy behaviors such as a decrease in alcohol and sweetened drinks consumption, but also less favorable trends, such as a decrease in vegetable consumption and in many vitamin and mineral intakes. We also observed a decline in overall and vigorous physical activity after diagnosis, especially in prostate and skin cancers, in men and professionally inactive patients. Concomitantly, we observed an increase in sedentary behaviors, especially in women, older subjects and professionally inactive patients. We also observed that while weight loss was reported in many colorectal cancer patients, a substantial proportion of breast cancer patients gained weight. Sociodemographic and economic factors appeared as important determinants of weight gain, illustrating social inequalities in health (higher risk among patients with lower income and lower education). Our results suggest that dietary supplements use was widespread among cancer survivors, a large amount of which being used without any medical supervision, including a non-negligible proportion of patients having dietary supplement practices which can be considered as “at risk”. In a second part, we observed that opinions from cancer survivors regarding some nutritional factors seemed to impact their dietary practices and were themselves impacted by sources of nutritional information. In particular, opinions regarding alcohol consumption were concerning, with an important proportion of cancer survivors who thought that alcohol consumption (and even more regarding red wine) had a positive impact on their disease. Weight-loss restrictive diets were practiced by a large number of cancer survivors since their diagnosis, while fasting was less practiced, but was far from being an isolated phenomenon
5
Phélizon, Claire. "La maladie d'Alzheimer ou les difficultés de l'approche thérapeutique". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P099.
6
Duquesnay, Anne. "Changements de la composition foliaire et de la productivité des hêtraies dans le quart nord-est de la France entre 1970 et 1995". Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10286.
Abstract (sommario):
Des travaux effectués dans des hêtraies situées dans le quart nord-est de la France ont mis en évidence des changements de la composition chimique des sols (un enrichissement en azote et une désaturation des sols) et une eutrophisation de la végétation au cours des 20 dernières années. Afin d'étudier les changements éventuels de la composition foliaire et de la productivité des peuplements pour la même période, 85 placettes de hêtraies situées dans le nord-est de la France, et mises en place dans les années 70, ont été échantillonnées de nouveau en 1995. La comparaison de la composition foliaire de chacune des deux périodes (1969/71 et 1996/97) révèle, indépendamment de la variabilité stationnelle et inter-annuelle des concentrations foliaires, une augmentation significative de la concentration foliaire d'azote et une diminution de la concentration foliaire de phosphore et de magnésium, ainsi qu'une modification de la balance entre éléments. Les changements de productivité ont été appréciés par deux approches complémentaires. Les indices de fertilité, définis comme la hauteur dominante a 100 ans, montrent une dérive positive entre 1970 et 1995, qui pourraient s'expliquer en partie par des biais méthodologiques. Enfin, l'étude dendrochronologie des peuplements met en évidence une augmentation significative de la croissance radiale, particulièrement marquée pour les placettes de l'échantillon situées sur substrat gréseux et pour la période 1850-1995. Pour les placettes situées sur substrat calcaire, la tendance est moins nette et s'exprime seulement à partir de 1940. Les changements climatiques ne semblent pas être en mesure d'expliquer les tendances observées. En revanche, les phénomènes d'eutrophisation et de désaturation des sols observés pour la période 1970-1991 et l'augmentation de la concentration de CO2 atmosphérique pourraient expliquer les augmentations de croissance et les changements de la composition foliaire.
7
Schneider, Harald Jörn, Bernhard Saller, Jens Klotsche, Winfried März, Wolfgang Erwa, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen e Günter Karl Stalla. "Opposite associations of age-dependent insulin-like growth factor-I standard deviation scores with nutritional state in normal weight and obese subjects". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-100946.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been suggested to be a prognostic marker for the development of cancer and, more recently, cardiovascular disease. These diseases are closely linked to obesity, but reports of the association of IGF-I with measures of obesity are divergent. In this study, we assessed the association of age-dependent IGF-I standard deviation scores with body mass index (BMI) and intra-abdominal fat accumulation in a large population.
Design: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study.
Methods: IGF-I levels were measured with an automated chemiluminescence assay system in 6282 patients from the DETECT study. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumference were measured according to the written instructions. Standard deviation scores (SDS), correcting IGF-I levels for age, were calculated and were used for further analyses.
Results: An inverse U-shaped association of IGF-I SDS with BMI, waist circumference, and the ratio of waist circumference to height was found. BMI was positively associated with IGF-I SDS in normal weight subjects, and negatively associated in obese subjects. The highest mean IGF-I SDS were seen at a BMI of 22.5–25 kg/m2 in men (+0.08), and at a BMI of 27.5–30 kg/m2 in women (+0.21). Multiple linear regression models, controlling for different diseases, medications and risk conditions, revealed a significant negative association of BMI with IGF-I SDS. BMI contributed most to the additional explained variance to the other health conditions.
Conclusions: IGF-I standard deviation scores are decreased in obesity and underweight subjects. These interactions should be taken into account when analyzing the association of IGF-I with diseases and risk conditions.
8
Schneider, Harald Jörn, Bernhard Saller, Jens Klotsche, Winfried März, Wolfgang Erwa, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen e Günter Karl Stalla. "Opposite associations of age-dependent insulin-like growth factor-I standard deviation scores with nutritional state in normal weight and obese subjects". BioScientifica, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26325.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been suggested to be a prognostic marker for the development of cancer and, more recently, cardiovascular disease. These diseases are closely linked to obesity, but reports of the association of IGF-I with measures of obesity are divergent. In this study, we assessed the association of age-dependent IGF-I standard deviation scores with body mass index (BMI) and intra-abdominal fat accumulation in a large population.
Design: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study.
Methods: IGF-I levels were measured with an automated chemiluminescence assay system in 6282 patients from the DETECT study. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumference were measured according to the written instructions. Standard deviation scores (SDS), correcting IGF-I levels for age, were calculated and were used for further analyses.
Results: An inverse U-shaped association of IGF-I SDS with BMI, waist circumference, and the ratio of waist circumference to height was found. BMI was positively associated with IGF-I SDS in normal weight subjects, and negatively associated in obese subjects. The highest mean IGF-I SDS were seen at a BMI of 22.5–25 kg/m2 in men (+0.08), and at a BMI of 27.5–30 kg/m2 in women (+0.21). Multiple linear regression models, controlling for different diseases, medications and risk conditions, revealed a significant negative association of BMI with IGF-I SDS. BMI contributed most to the additional explained variance to the other health conditions.
Conclusions: IGF-I standard deviation scores are decreased in obesity and underweight subjects. These interactions should be taken into account when analyzing the association of IGF-I with diseases and risk conditions.
9
Parravano, Jean. "Un système expert de diagnostic médical appliqué à la nutrition". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10404.
Abstract (sommario):
Intérêt d'une approche heuristique dans l'établissement du diagnostic et proposition de plusieurs niveaux de connaissance pour représenter l'expertise médicale. Application à des enquêtes diététiques et à l'éducation du comportement alimentaire d'adolescents de la région de Nancy
10
Axelsson, Karin. "Eating problems and nutritional status after stroke". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99332.
Abstract (sommario):
Eating problems and nutritional status were studied in a consecutive series of 104 stroke patients admitted to emergency hospital care. During their stay in hospital eating problems were observed in 46 patients. Certain common types of eating problems were identified: aberrant eating behaviour as regards chewing,lokalization or swallowing, eating small amounts, hoarding of food in the mouth, leakage of food from the mouth and unawareness of eating problems. Poor nutritional status occurred in 16 % of the patients on admission and in 22 % on discharge from the stroke unit. A subgroup of 32 patients hospitalized for 21 days or longer was studied for three weeks. On at least one occasion during these three weeks a poor nutritional status was observed in 18 patients, of whom 17 had eating problems. All subjects who had eating problems during their hospital stay, plus those patients without eating problems but with neurological deficits and those living in a nursing home one year after the stroke (n=36) were selected for a longitudinal study 18 months after the onset of stroke. Eating problems were identified in 23 of these patients during their hospital stay while 21 had such problems when they were followed up. Two patients who could not eat due to severe dysphagia (after a stroke) for three years and 18 months respectively, were successfully trained to eat normally. One patient exhibited impaired oral and hypopharyngeal function and the other impaired hypo- pharyngeal function and a spastic crico-pharyngeal muscle. In both patients training in swallowing was the main remedical measure and one of them also had a myotomy of the spastic muscle.[2] s., s. 1-45: sammanfattning, s. 49-130: Härtill 6 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
11
Pinheiro, Cátia Cristina Magalhães. "Association of nutritional status indicators with hospital length of stay: usefulness of components from undernutrition screening and diagnostic tools". Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/8516.
Abstract (sommario):
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciências da NutriçãoAims: To investigate the association of the nutritional indicators from the most used, validated and recent undernutrition screening and diagnostic tools, with LOS and to evaluate which of these have the greatest power in predicting LOS. Methods: 633 Portuguese inpatients were included in a prospective study. Data collection incorporated sociodemographic, clinical, functional and nutritional characteristics. The nutritional status indicators studied were weight loss, gastrointestinal symptoms, food intake in the preceding week and month, handgrip strength, physical exam, body mass index, fat-free mass index and disease-related inflammation. LOS was determined as the time from the date of hospital admission until discharge home or to usual residence. Cox regression analysis was conducted and Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) models were adjusted for age, Charlson Index, professional activity and Katz Index. Results: Factors independently associated with LOS were: weight loss of 5.1-10.0% (HR=0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.50-0.82) and >10.0% (HR=0.58, 95% CI=0.44-0.76), presence or severe presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (HR=0.74, 95% CI=0.60-0.91), moderate and severe decreased food intake in the preceding month (HR=0.65, 95% CI=0.53-0.79), reduced handgrip strength (HR=0.72, 95% CI=0.57-0.90), mild to moderate (HR=0.72, 95% CI=0.60-0.87) and severe changes in the physical exam (HR=0.65, 95% CI=0.52-0.82) and acute disease-related inflammation (HR=0.74, 95% CI=0.62-0.88). Conclusions: From all the components analysed, weight loss >5.1%, gastrointestinal symptoms, decreased food intake, reduced handgrip strength, changes detected in the physical exam, and disease-related inflammation showed to be independently associated with longer LOS, since a lower probability of being discharged home or to usual residence was found. This study provides scientific evidence that can be used to revise and improve undernutrition screening and diagnostic tools.
Objetivos: Investigar quais os componentes das ferramentas de rastreio e diagnóstico da desnutrição mais usadas, validadas e mais recentes, que se associam com o tempo de internamento (TI) e avaliar quais desses indicadores têm maior poder em prever o TI. Métodos: 633 doentes portugueses hospitalizados foram incluídos num estudo prospetivo. Foram recolhidos dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, funcionais e nutricionais. Os indicadores do estado nutricional avaliados foram a perda de peso, sintomas gastrointestinais, ingestão alimentar na última semana e no último mês, força preensora da mão (FPM), exame físico, índice de massa corporal, índice de massa livre de gordura e inflamação relacionada com doença ou lesão. O tempo de internamento foi determinado como sendo o tempo decorrido desde a admissão hospitalar, até à alta para o domicílio ou residência habitual. Foram conduzidos modelos de regressão de Cox para calcular os respetivos hazard ratios (HR) e intervalos de confiança (IC) a 95%, que foram ajustados para a idade, índice de Charlson, atividade profissional e índice de Katz. Resultados: Os fatores independentemente associados com o TI foram: perda de peso de 5.1-10.0% (HR=0.64, IC 95%=0.50-0.82) e >10.0% (HR=0.58, IC 95%=0.44-0.76), presença e presença grave de sintomas gastrointestinais (HR=0.74, IC 95%=0.60-0.91), ingestão alimentar moderada e gravemente reduzida no último mês (HR=0.65, IC 95%=0.53-0.79), FPM reduzida (HR=0.72, IC 95%=0.57-0.90), alterações leves a moderadas (HR=0.72, IC 95%=0.60-0.87) e graves no exame físico (HR=0.65, IC 95%=0.52-0.82) e inflamação relacionada com doença ou lesão aguda (HR=0.74, IC 95%=0.62-0.88). Conclusões: De todos os componentes estudados, perda de peso, presença de sintomas gastrointestinais, diminuição da ingestão alimentar no último mês, FPM reduzida, alterações detetadas no exame físico e inflamação relacionada com doença ou lesão aguda mostraram associação com o TI, uma vez que para estes indicadores, uma menor probabilidade de alta para o domicílio ou residência habitual foi encontrada. Este estudo fornece evidência científica que pode ser usada para melhorar as ferramentas de rastreio e diagnóstico da desnutrição.
N/A
12
Esper, Luciana Maria Ramires. "Diagnostico da qualidade de ricotas comercializadas no municipio de Campinas-SP". [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255644.
Abstract (sommario):
Orientador: Arnaldo Yoshiteru KuayeDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T22:35:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Esper_LucianaMariaRamires_M.pdf: 799385 bytes, checksum: 87dd89627de1603ab2c21bcb0f84f8aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: A ricota é um tipo de queijo fresco, de origem italiana, obtido pela precipitação das proteínas do soro do queijo, por acidificação associada ao calor, cuja produção aumenta a cada ano, justificado em parte pela procura por alimentos mais saudáveis e de baixo valor calórico. O teor de umidade, em geral de 70%, caracteriza a ricota como sendo um alimento de muito alta umidade, o que a torna bastante susceptível à contaminação microbiana, podendo ocasionar doenças de origem alimentar, mesmo sendo submetida à refrigeração. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e parâmetros físicoquímicos de amostras de ricotas comercializadas no município de Campinas-S.P. A conformidade das informações nutricionais declaradas nos rótulos, com o estabelecido pela RDC nº 360/2003 da ANVISA foi avaliada. Para qualidade microbiológica foi utilizada como referência a Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada nº 12/2001 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, além de pesquisas complementares como a contagem de bolores e leveduras, Bacillus cereus mesófilos e psicrotróficos e sua capacidade de produção de toxinas, a presença de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas na ricota e a produção destas por cepas isoladas de estafilococos, e os fatores de virulência de Listeria monocytogenes isoladas das amostras.Os resultados das análises físico-químicas demonstraram grande variabilidade em todos os parâmetros avaliados entre as amostras e marcas. Particularmente em relação à gordura, segundo a Portaria nº 146/96 do Ministério da Agricultura do Abastecimento e da Reforma Agrária, 8,89% das amostras seriam classificados como queijo magro, 42,22% queijo semi- gordo, 40,00% queijo gordo e 8,89% como queijo extra- gordo. Na maioria dos rótulos as informações nutricionais se apresentavam em desacordo com a legislação (> ±20% de tolerância) sendo 60% em relação à proteína, 60% em relação ao valor energético total e 66,7% em relação à gordura. Estes resultados enfatizam a necessidade do estabelecimento de padrões de identidade para melhor controle da qualidade do produto e segurança do consumidor. Os resultados das análises microbiológicas demonstraram que 46,7% das amostras estavam em desacordo com o padrão estabelecido pela RDC nº 12/2001.O número de amostras acima do permitido pela legislação em relação a coliformes termotolerantes foi de 46,7%, estafilococos coagulase positiva, 2,2% e Listeria monocytogenes, 6,7% . Não foi isolada Salmonella em nenhuma das amostras. Além dos critérios microbiológicos exigidos pela legislação uma avaliação complementar mostrou que 51,1% da amostras estavam contaminadas por B.cereus, sendo que 28,9% com contagens na faixa de 104 a 106 UFC/g; 47,5% contaminadas por bolores e 97,5% por leveduras ambas com elevado nível de contaminação. Embora não tenha sido detectada a presença de toxinas estafilocócicas nas ricotas, 23,64% dos isolados de estafilococos eram produtores de toxinas. Destes, 69,23% eram estafilococos coagulase negativa e 30,77% estafilococos coagulase positiva, evidenciando a importância dos estafilococos coagulase negativa. Quanto ao potencial enterotoxigênico de B. cereus, 85,7% (36/45) dos isolados analisados, foram positivos para o Kit BDE-VIA. Foram identificados 11 perfis toxigênicos na pesquisa de genes codificadores de enteroroxinas pela técnica de PCR, atestando o alto potencial enterotoxigênico dos isolados de B.cereus. Na avaliação da patogenecidade dos isolados de Listeria monocytogenes, 100% apresentaram o gene actA do tipo 4 e hly do tipo 1, classificados portanto, como linhagem do tipo I, esta linhagem encontrada na maior parte dos surtos e casos de listeriose em humanos. O presente trabalho revela que a ricota deveria merecer maior atenção por parte da comunidade científica, setor produtivo e órgãos de vigilância sanitária visando a melhoria da qualidade e conseqüente segurança do consumidor tendo em vista o seu consumo crescente e utilização em dietas especiais
Abstract: Ricotta is a soft white cheese, of Italian origin, obtained from the precipitation of proteins from the whey of cheese through heating associated with acidification. The production of ricotta cheese increases every year, thanks to the widespread search for healthier foods with low caloric value. Ricotta cheese is characterized by its high moisture content (70% in general), which makes it susceptible to microbiological contamination and therefore able to cause food poisoning, even when stored under refrigeration. This work evaluates the microbiological quality and some physical-chemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, moisture, protein, fat, salt and ash) of commercial samples of ricotta cheese at the local market of Campinas city, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. We have first evaluated the compliance of the nutritional information in labels with that established by the applicable regulation RDC nº 360/2003 of ANVISA and the variation between values declared in the labels and those obtained through laboratorial analyses. In order to determine microbiological quality, the standard RDC nº12/2001 from ANVISA was used as reference, as well as complementary research, including the counting of mold, yeast, mesophilic and psycrotrophic Bacillus cereus and their potential enterotoxin production capacity. In addtion, the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin in ricotta and the production of enterotoxin by isolated strains of staphylococci, and also the virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from the samples. The physical-chemical analyses resulted in great variability among the samples of ricotta cheese for all the parameters evaluated. Particularly regarding fat, according to regulation Portaria nº146/96 of MAARA, 8.89% of the samples would be considered fat-free cheese, 42.22% low-fat cheese, 40.00% high-fat cheese and 8.89% as extra high-fat cheese. In most of the labels the nutritional information failed to comply with the regulation (over ±20% tolerance): 60% regarding protein content, 60% regarding total energetic value and 66.7% regarding fat content. Such results stress the need for identity standards to improve quality control of the product and consumer safety. According to the results of the microbiological analyses, 46.7% of the samples failed to meet the standards established by the RDC nº 12/2001 regulation. A great deal of the samples had microbiological content above the levels allowed by the regulation: 46,7%, for thermotolerant coliforms, 2.2% for coagulase-positive staphylococci, and 6,7% for Listeria monocytogenes. Salmonella was not isolated in any of the samples. Besides the microbiological criteria required by the regulation, a complementary evaluation showed that 51.1% of the samples were contaminated by B. cereus, being that 28.9% with countings in the band 104 to 106 UFC/g; also, 47.5% of the samples were contaminated by mold and 97.5% by yeast, both at high contamination levels. Although the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxins was not detected in the ricotta analyzed, 23.64% of the staphylococci isolated strains were toxin producers. Out of these, 69,23 % were coagulase-negative staphylococci and only 30.77% were coagulase-positive staphylococci, what demonstrates the importance of the coagulase-negative staphylococci strains. As for the enterotoxigenic potential of B. cereus, 85.7% (36/45) of the isolated B. cereus strains analyzed were positive for the BDE-VIA Kit. PCR technique was applied to enteroroxin code genes and identified 11 toxigenic profiles, what demonstrates the high enterotoxigenic potential of the isolated B. cereus strains. In the assessment of the pathogenic potential of isolated L. monocytogenes strains, 100% presented the genes actA type 4 and hly type 1, therefore lineage I was found in most of the outbreaks and isolated cases of listeriosis in human beings. This work points out that ricotta cheese should be given greater attention by the scientific community, the productive sector and the food safety agencies aiming at the improvement of the quality of the product and therefore the security of the consumer, inasmuch as ricotta cheese has been increasingly consumed and used in special diets
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
13
Barnouin, Jacques. "Approche écopathologique de la composante nutritionnelle des troubles de santé chez la vache laitière : des facteurs de risque aux mécanismes de la pathogénicité". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20095.
Abstract (sommario):
Les facteurs de risque de la composante nutritionnelle des troubles de sante de la vache laitiere sont etudies via des enquetes epidemiologiques conduites dans des exploitations volontaires en france. Le colza fourrager et des uremies elevees refletant de forts apports en azote non proteique sont facteurs de risque des troubles hepatiques. Une ration de tarissement riche en ensilage d'herbe et pauvre en concentres a base de cereales augmente le risque de retention placentaire. Le risque de fievre vitulaire est superieur chez les vaches recevant beaucoup de calcium via le concentre mineral et de tourteau de soja en fin de gestation. Il y a plus de mortinatalite chez les vaches ingerant du colza fourrager en fin de gestation. Une alimentation comportant de l'uree et un velage d'hiver augmente le risque de metrite du post-partum. Un mauvais equilibre en acides gras polyinsatures, energie et calcium, une surnutrition azotee et des composes toxiques du colza sont a l'origine des troubles de sante. Les hypotheses etiologiques precises sont presentees et des regles preventives proposees pour mieux garantir la sante de la vache laitiere
14
Rich, Marianne. "Nutritional Status and Growth in Infants with Cystic Fibrosis at Diagnosis and at Age Two Years and Six Years". DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5511.
Abstract (sommario):
PURPOSE: A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine if nutritional source of feeding and/or infant age at diagnosis of cystic fibrosis had any effect on nutritional status and subsequent growth accretion. Additionally, an attempt was made to identify predictors for poor growth in patients with undiagnosed cystic fibrosis.
METHODS: Data was collected from medical and clinic charts at Primary Children's Medical Center (PCMC), Salt Lake City, Utah, for subjects born between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 200 I, who were diagnosed with cystic fibrosis before 1 year of age. Thirty-one subjects met inclusion parameters. These subjects were divided into two groups: an "early" diagnosis group (N= 13) included those who were diagnosed before 9 weeks of age, and a "late" diagnosis group (N= 18) included those who were diagnosed after 9 weeks of age. "Breastfed at diagnosis" (N=7) and "not breastfed at diagnosis" (N= 17) groups were established as well, with nutritional source of feeding remaining unknown for 7 of the 31 subjects.
RESULTS: Paired t-tests indicated that children who were primarily breastfed at time of diagnosis did not grow significantly more than children who were formula-fed at time of diagnosis, although regression analysis indicated that nutritional source of feeding at time of diagnosis was a significant predictor of growth later in life. This contradiction could have come about due to the small sample size. Age at diagnosis had a significant effect on growth, at diagnosis, at age 2 years, and age 6 years. Children who were diagnosed early grew taller and weighed more than the children who were diagnosed after 9 weeks of age, both at the 2-year mark and at the 6- year mark. Additionally, low blood albumin levels at diagnosis were predictive of more growth at age 2 years and 6 years. Other identified predictors of growth included gender, age at diagnosis, and whether the child had a family history of cystic fibrosis. This research highlights the crucial need for early detection and correction of malnutrition in infants and children with cystic fibrosis. It should be viewed as a pilot study, with more research needed in this area.
15
Taskinen, Mervi. "Skeletal muscle protein reserves in children with cancer : nutritional and metabolic aspects from diagnosis to long-term follow-up". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/taskinen/.
16
Vizcayno, Soto Gabriel. "Development of a method to determine tree species nutritional standards from natural variation in tree growth and leaf chemistry". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79153.
Abstract (sommario):
Optimum nutritional levels for most commercial hardwoods of eastern Canada are unknown. This thesis dealt with the development of a method to determine nutritional standards using within site variation in tree growth and foliar chemistry. To this end, sugar maple (n = 87) and red maple (n = 39) trees were sampled in summer 2001 at the Station de biologie des Laurentides. Leaves were sampled for nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn) and tree stems were measured for determination of basal area growth (BAG). Similar measurements for trees sampled annually during 1995--2001 were also used to measure the effect of annual variation on nutritional standards. A boundary line approach was used to assess tree growth response to nutrition using nutrient concentrations and Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND) scores as predicting variables. A Basal Area Growth Index (BAGI) was computed using the live crown ratio to correct for the effect of stand density on BAG. An iterative and unbiased protocol was also developed to eliminate outliers. Optimum, critical and optimal range levels were derived from quadratic models significant at P < 0.15.
17
Mehrfar, Parisa. "Biological markers of weight loss and muscle protein metabolism in early non-small cell lung cancer". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116069.
Abstract (sommario):
The loss of muscle mass leading to cachexia is rarely identified in early lung cancer. Fasting blood and muscle biopsy were collected in 59 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 16 non-cancer patients, at the beginning of thoracic surgery. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and IL-6 were higher in NSCLC. In weight-losing NSCLC, food intake and serum albumin were lower, CRP, and TNF-alpha were higher. Although the expression of genes of the ubiquitin-proteasome system was not different, ubiquitinated-protein levels were lower and negatively correlated with ph-FOX01 in weight-losing patients. This would suggest lower muscle proteolytic rates in the early stages of NSCLC. Ph-FOXO1 also related to the degree of weight loss and stage of NSCLC. These data suggest that in early stages of the disease, weight and muscle loss could be mainly due to reduced food intake, rather than accelerated proteolysis, which reinforces the potential for successful dietary interventions to prevent or delay the onset of cachexia.
18
Serra, Ademar Pereira. "NORMAS E FUNÇÕES DRIS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO ALGODOEIRO (Gossypium hirsutum r latifolium)". UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS, 2011. http://tede.ufgd.edu.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/126.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T12:59:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
AdemarPereiraSerra.pdf: 5226070 bytes, checksum: 1266e1cf1051c29ab1d8f142f78d1c9d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-03-31With the advent of Diagnose and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) by Beaufils (1973), researchers were setting to this system of nutritional diagnosis in order to increase their efficiency. However, evolution has brought a number of possibilities for calculation of DRIS‟ norms and functions, that need to be tested to determine the best combination of methodology. The aim of this work was to study the ways of calculating DRIS‟ norms and functions, in order to obtain the best combination of methodology for the system that seeks greater efficiency in the nutritional diagnosis of cotton crop. The work was conducted an grower´s fields of cotton from 2004 - 2005 crop season, at the South region from Mato Grosso. The database consisted of 108 samples of whole leaf and the yield of seed cotton in the plots of grower´s fields with an average of 100 ha. The F value norms and Jones‟ functions (1981) was the best combination of methodologies, obtaining the best efficiency in nutritional diagnosis. All the methodologies combination were able to diagnose the nutrition state of the cotton crop. Both the norms developed by logarithm function and the choice of relations by F value, may be recommended for assessing the nutritional status of the cotton crop in the south region from state of Mato Grosso, both being effective to diagnose the nutritional status. The two criteria (F value and logarithm function) were effective to diagnose deficiencies and is not diagnostic deficiencies at random, but by the ableness of the method that has been tested by chi-square. The agreement between the methodologies to assess nutritional status was between 92.59 to 100%, except for S which had 74.07% agreement.
Após a criação do sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS) por Beaufils (1973), pesquisadores foram ajustando esse sistema de diagnose nutricional com a finalidade de torná-lo mais eficaz. No entanto, a evolução trouxe uma série de alternativas para o cálculo das normas e funções DRIS que precisam ser testadas para definir a melhor combinação de métodos. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as formas de cálculo das normas e funções DRIS, com a finalidade de obter a melhor combinação de métodos de cálculo do sistema que proporcione maior eficácia na diagnose nutricional do algodoeiro. O trabalho foi realizado em lavouras comerciais de algodão, no ano agrícola de 2004/2005, na região Sul do Mato Grosso. A base de dados foi composta por 108 amostras de folha completa e pela produtividade de algodão em caroço em área de lavouras comerciais com média de 100 ha. As normas, valor F e as funções de cálculo de Jones (1981) foi à melhor combinação de métodos, obtendo a melhor eficácia na diagnose nutricional. Todas as combinações de métodos foram capazes de diagnosticar o estado nutricional da cultura. Tanto as normas desenvolvidas por LN e a escolha das relações pelo valor F, podem ser recomendadas para a avaliação do estado nutricional da cultura do algodoeiro para a região Sul do Mato Grosso, sendo ambas eficaz para diagnosticar o estado nutricional. Os dois critérios (LN e valor F) foram eficazes para diagnosticar deficiências, não sendo as deficiências diagnosticas ao acaso, e sim pela capacidade do método que foi testado pelo teste do qui-quadrado. A concordância entre os métodos, na avaliação do estado nutricional esteve entre 92,59 a 100%, com exceção ao S que teve 74,07% de concordância.
19
Fernandes, Loane Vaz. "Normas e determinação de faixas de suficiência para diagnose foliar com base no crescimento relativo de eucalipto". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5440.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:53:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
texto completo.pdf: 1131792 bytes, checksum: 9a2ef42d8f60412df89935dbf9623db3 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-02-24Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The eucalyptus plantations in Brazil cover 4.3 Mha of which 22% is in the state of Sao Paulo. Several studies conclude that there is close and positive correlation between nutrient content and eucalyptus growth rate, and nutrient contents in the leaves reflect the flow of water and nutrients in the soil and correlate with productivity. Thus, the nutritional diagnosis based on tissue analysis can be used as a complementary tool to soil analysis to support crop nutritional management. Among the existing methods of plant nutrient diagnosis, that proposed by Kenworthy (KW) evaluates the balance of nutrients, considering each nutrient individually and the variability of nutrient content in the reference population. On the other hand, the Integrated Diagnosis and Recommendation (DRIS), proposed by Beaufils, evaluates the nutrient equilibrium through the ratio between nutrients. For both it is necessary to construct a set of nutrient standards. The objectives of this work were 1) to obtain standards for KW and DRIS methods, applicable to the diagnosis of nutritional status, based on foliar analysis of young eucalyptus plantations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil; 2) to evaluate the degree of universality of the norms or standards and diagnosis; 3) to evaluate the influence of excluding one or more nutrients showing high contents and high variability in their contents on the diagnosis and on the equilibrium of other nutrients; 4) to develop an alternative method with high biologic meaning, for the definition of sufficiency ranges for the KW and DRIS indexes; 5) to contribute to the improvement of the software NUTREELYPTUS, for leaf nutrient diagnosis. We used database from 1,150 plots of young eucalyptus plantations from which leaves were collected for analysis. The available information included N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, and B contents and tree stem height. This stratification was performed by determining the reference population, for which height was greater than average height. We calculated specific (by age and region of cultivation, genetic material, previous crop and textural class) and general (by forest company and for the state of São Paulo) sets of standards. Specific standards were compared with those taken as general standards for each situation by the t test for means and F test for variances. Then, using NUTREELYPTUS, parameterized with these standards (specific and general) and ranges of sufficiency, we obtained the diagnosis of the nutritional status of plantations showing low productivity considering the balance sheet (KW indexes) and equilibrium (DRIS indexes and Potential Response to Fertilization - PRA classes), which were compared, at plot level, based on the frequency of concordant diagnostics (FDC). We used the methods of the Boundary Region (BR) and Mathematics Relative Chance (ChMR) to obtain reference values with greater biological significance. Relevant sets of specific standards were obtained for the diagnosis of nutritional status of young eucalyptus plantations in São Paulo State. The degree of universality of KW and DRIS norms varies with the parameter used (mean, variance, or both together) and, independently of the parameter, is smaller than that of diagnostics made using these standards. For a given company, the high values of FDC allow general standards to be used. Excluding Fe and Mn, nutrients for which the average overall contents were elevated and the variability highest, increases the sensitivity of the diagnostic of nutritional equilibrium, but do not change the degree of universality of the diagnoses made. The KW and DRIS indexes obtained by BF and ChMR can be utilized to obtain the limits of sufficiency ranges with greater biological meaning, seeking the interpretation of foliar analyses. The use of these new limits of sufficiency ranges has little effect on the FDC obtained with specific or general standards. For assessing the nutritional status of young eucalyptus plantations it is recommended to use the limits of sufficiency ranges of KW and DRIS obtained by ChMR method, as proposed in this research. Further studies are needed in order to correlate the nutritional status of young eucalyptus plantations to yield at the harvest age.
Os plantios com eucalipto no país ocupam 4,3 megahectares, dos quais 22 % encontram-se no estado de São Paulo. Diversos trabalhos concluem que há correlação positiva e estreita entre acúmulo de nutrientes e taxa de crescimento do eucalipto, e que os teores de nutrientes nas folhas refletem os fluxos de água e nutrientes no sistema e se correlacionam com a produtividade. Assim, a diagnose nutricional com base em análise de tecido pode ser utilizada como ferramenta complementar à análise de solo para subsidiar o manejo nutricional das culturas. Dos métodos de diagnose existentes, o proposto por Kenworthy (KW) avalia o balanço, considerando os nutrientes de forma individual além de incorporar a variabilidade do teor na população de referência. Já o Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS), proposto por Beaufils, avalia o equilíbrio nutricional por meio de relações entre os nutrientes. Para ambos há necessidade de se dispor de valores de referência, ou seja, de normas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: 1) obter normas para os métodos KW e DRIS, aplicáveis à diagnose do estado nutricional, com base em análise foliar, de plantios jovens de eucalipto no Estado de São Paulo; 2) avaliar o grau de universalidade das normas e dos diagnósticos; 3) avaliar a influência da exclusão de nutrientes cujas normas apresentam altos teores e variabilidade sobre a diagnose, quanto ao equilíbrio, dos demais nutrientes; 4) desenvolver método alternativo, com enfoque mais biológico, para a definição das faixas de suficiência para KW e DRIS; 5) contribuir para a parametrização e aprimoramento do aplicativo computacional NUTREELYPTUS. Foi utilizado banco de dados de análises foliares de 1.150 talhões de plantios jovens de eucalipto, em áreas de duas empresas, contendo informações referentes aos teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn e B e produtividade. Foi realizada a estratificação deste, determinando a população de referência, cuja altura era maior que a altura média. Foram calculados conjuntos de normas específicas (por época e região de plantio, material genético, cultura antecessora e classe textural), e gerais (por Empresa e para o estado de São Paulo). As normas específicas foram comparadas com as normas tidas como gerais para cada situação, mediante o teste t para as médias e o teste F para as variâncias. A seguir, com o auxílio do NUTREELYPTUS, parametrizado com essas normas (específicas e gerais) e faixas de suficiência, foram obtidos os diagnósticos do estado nutricional de plantios de baixa produtividade quanto ao balanço (índices KW) e equilíbrio (índices DRIS e classes de Potencial de Resposta à Adubação - PRA), que foram comparados, em nível de talhão, pela Frequência de Diagnósticos Concordantes (FDC). Foram utilizados os métodos da Região de Fronteira (RF) e da Chance Matemática Relativa (ChMR) para a obtenção de limites das faixas de suficiência com maior significado biológico. Foram obtidos conjuntos de normas específicas e normas gerais úteis à diagnose do estado nutricional de plantios jovens de eucalipto no estado de São Paulo. O grau de universalidade das normas KW e DRIS varia conforme o parâmetro usado (média, variância ou ambas conjuntamente) e independente do parâmetro é menor do que o dos diagnósticos produzidos com o uso destas normas. Numa mesma empresa, os altos valores de FDC permitem que normas gerais sejam utilizadas. A exclusão de Fe e Mn, nutrientes cujas médias em geral apresentaram-se elevadas e com as maiores variabilidades, aumenta a sensibilidade dos diagnósticos quanto ao equilíbrio nutricional, mas não altera de modo relevante o grau de universalidade dos diagnósticos produzidos. Os métodos RF e ChMR podem ser utilizados visando à obtenção dos limites das faixas de suficiência com maior significado biológico, visando à interpretação de índices KW e DRIS. A utilização desses novos limites de faixas de suficiência pouco alterou a FDC obtidos com normas específicas ou gerais. Para a avaliação do estado nutricional de plantios jovens de eucalipto recomenda-se a utilização dos limites das faixas de suficiência KW e DRIS como proposto neste trabalho pelo método ChMR. São necessários estudos adicionais de modo a correlacionar o estado nutricional de plantios jovens de eucalipto com a produtividade na idade de corte.
20
Lima, Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de. "Estudos sobre a nutrição de progênies de aceroleira : épocas de amostragens de folhas e exportação de nutrientes /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105298.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo: As plantas de aceroleira apresentam intenso crescimento na Região do Nordeste brasileiro, onde produzem de quatro a seis safras por ano. Em função disso, é de se esperar que o teor de nutrientes das folhas e as exportações de elementos minerais pela colheita dos frutos variem em função da época do ano e dos distintos genótipos, entre outros fatores. O conhecimento destas variações é importante para balizar a diagnose foliar e o manejo da cultura. Por isso, este trabalho foi conduzido no Campo Experimental da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, em Pacajus, CE (4º10' S; 38º27' W), no ano agrícola 1999/2000, com o objetivo de determinar a variação sazonal do teor de nutrientes nas folhas e a exportação por frutos de diferentes genótipos de aceroleira. Foram avaliadas as folhas e os frutos de seis progênies, plantas com 2,5 anos de idade, cultivadas em sistema de sequeiro, em seis épocas do ano. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas (6 progênies) subdivididas no tempo (6 épocas de colheita), com 4 repetições. Foram observadas poucas diferenças no teor de macronutrientes das folhas das distintas progênies de aceroleiras. O período de junho a outubro apresenta boa estabilidade nos teores de macronutrientes em progênies de aceroleira no Estado do Ceará. O mês de junho é o mais indicado para amostragem de folhas visando à diagnose foliar. As progênies de aceroleira têm habilidades diferenciadas na manutenção dos teores de Cu, Mn e Zn nas folhas. A maior exportação de nutrientes ocorreu nos meses de maior precipitação (Fevereiro e abril). De forma geral as progênies estudadas não diferiam entre si quanto à habilidade em exportar macronutrientes. As progênies P-52, P- 93 e P-97 exportaram maior quantidade de Cu e Zn. A seqüência de exportação de nutrientes por tonelada de frutos frescos de aceroleira foi: K>N>P>Mg>Ca>S>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu.Abstract: The West Indian cherry plants show intense growth in the brazilian northeast region, and fruits are harvested in four to six times along the year. Then, it is expected that nutrient concentrations in the leaves and their exportation by fruits may vary among progenys and harvest times, and this knowledge are important for plant nutritional diagnosys and culture management. Thus, this work was carried out at the experimental field of the Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, located in Pacajus - CE (4º10' S; 38º27' W), Brazil, on 1999/2000 cicle, aiming to determine the sazonal variations of levels of nutrients in the leaves and exportation by fruits harvested from six progenys, and six harvest times on plants of 2.5 years old, without irrigation. It was utilized a complete randomized block design, with split plot in time (progenys in plots, and harvest times as sub-plots) with four replications. It was observed little difference on macronutrients in leaves of distinct progenys studied. The period from june to October showed good stability of macronutrients in the leaves. June was the most suitable month for leaf sampling aiming to plant nutritional diagnosys. The studied lineages presented different habilities to keep Cu, Mn and Zn concentrations in leaves. Nutrient exportation was greater in the period with more volume of rains (from February to April). Progenys do not induced important difference on macronutrients exportations by fruit harvests. Progenys P-52, P- 93 e P-97 exported greater amounts of Cu and Zn. Also, the exportation sequence of nutrients was: K>N>P>Mg>Ca>S>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu.
Orientador: Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta
Coorientador: Dalmo Lopes de Siqueira
Banca: Renato de Mello Prado
Banca: Carlos Ruggiero
Banca: Edvan Alves Chagas
Banca: Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike
Doutor
21
Silva, Marcos Antonio Camacho da. "Métodos de avaliação do estado nutricional para o algodoeiro no centro-oeste do Brasil /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105306.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo: Visando estabelecer normas para o DRIS e os valores de referência para avaliação do estado nutricional da cultura do algodão, um produto agrícola em franca expansão no território nacional e com significativa contribuição econômica no PIB brasileiro, o presente trabalho estudou lavouras comerciais de municípios do norte do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e centro-sul do estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando o método da chance matemática e a metodologia do DRIS para dados de monitoramento nutricional. O método da chance matemática, tendo como referência a produtividade de 4500 kg ha-1, retornou , em g kg-1, de 33-45; 2,8-5,3; 15-21; 20-36; 4,0-7,2 e 2,8-8,6 para N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, e em mg kg-1, de 53-83; 4-12; 110-440; 40-60 e 25-50 para B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. As faixas indicadas, embora similares às existentes, demonstram aperfeiçoamento para obtenção de altas produtividades. O N é o nutriente que pode ter problemas devido a adubação excessiva nas maioria das áreas, seguido do Mn e do K. Os maiores retornos, promovidos pela adubação, poderão ocorrer em função da aplicação de P e B. Com relação ao DRIS, o método proposto por Elwali & Gascho é menos sensível à forma de escolha da relação (r ou F) para o cálculo do IBN, e a relação escolhida para cálculo do DRIS pelo valor r não é recomendável, exceto quando a diferença entre os coeficientes de correlação, entre a relação direta e inversa, for estatisticamente significativa. Pelos métodos de cálculo das funções DRIS foram diagnosticados como prováveis limitações da cultura o Ca e o Mg, que normalmente são fornecidos via calagem, e também o S.Abstract: The cotton is an agricultural product in development for Brazil and has significant contribution for Brazilian economy. With the objective to establish DRIS norms and references values for nutritional status availability for cotton crop, this study used commercial areas in the north of the Mato Grosso do Sul state and center-south of the Mato Grosso state, applying the mathematical chance method and the DRIS for nutritional analysis data. The mathematical chance method calculated the cotton sufficiency range, in g kg-1, of 33-45; 2,8-5,3; 15-21; 20-36; 4,0-7,2 and 2,8-8,6 for N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, and in mg kg-1, of 53-83; 4-12; 110-440; 40-60 and 25-50 for B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. The range furnishing values that can not be obtained by conventional research in short time and the range obtained can be used in the Brazilians production systems. However, it is indicated that these values would be adjusted constantly for supplying the system specificity. For DRIS, the results indicated that the choice for nutrient ratio modify the data interpretation, but the nutritional balance index has correlation. The r value isn't recommended. The DRIS indicated limitation provable for Ca, Mg and S, but the Ca and S is furnished normality by liming.
Orientador: William Natale
Coorientador: Euclides Braga Malheiros
Banca: Ondino Cleante Bataglia
Banca: Takashi Muraoka
Banca: José Carlos Barbosa
Banca: Mara Cristina Pessoa da Cruz
Doutor
22
Locatelli, Marcus Vinicius. "Diagnose nutricional de lavouras de soja da região de Campo Novo dos Parecis, Mato Grosso". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5423.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:53:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
texto completo.pdf: 408329 bytes, checksum: 8f1826df5acc0cfde29d1050be8d8883 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-02-17Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The nutritional diagnosis from samples of plant tissues of commercial crops, together with soil analysis, has provided more efficient fertilization schedules as well as higher yields. Crop advisers generally make their decisions as to crops fertilization based on critical levels and nutrient levels norms the database itself. The aim of this work was to obtain technical norms from the Kenworth Balanced Indexes (BK) as well as from its modification (KBIIV) which uses the index of variation (IV) instead of the coefficient of variation for each nutrient, and to the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). BK and BK-IV focus on the nutritional balance aspect, which is the analysis of each isolated nutrient, while DRIS focuses on nutrient balance in relation to the whole nutrient status. The study also had the objective of diagnosing the nutritional status of some soybean crops and identifying which were the more problematic nutrients either by deficiency or excess, as well as those which were more balanced and evaluate the variability over time of the BK, BK-IV and DRIS norms and its implication on the diagnoses. Based on the leaf samples levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B from 790 soybean crops from Campo Novo dos Parecis, state of Mato Grosso, from five years, and on the crops yields the norms of the diagnosis methods KBI, KBI-IV and DRIS were obtained. The crops which composed the high yielding subpopulations for each year, and from which the norms were generated, were those which produced yields equal or superior to the average plus 1/3 the standard deviation, encompassing 33.5 % of the crops in the first year, 41.4 % in the second year, 37.2 % in the third year, 38.9 % in the fourth year and 42.8 % in the fifth year. Nitrogen was the most frequently balanced nutrient throughout the five years evaluated for soybean crops, and the most limiting nutrients were Mg, S, K, Mn, Cu and Zn. The Frequency of Agreeing Diagnoses of around 80.0 % between BK and BK-IV showed high redundancy between them, what did not happen when their diagnoses were compared to the DRIS diagnoses, with average agreements lower than 50.0 %. The diagnoses obtained from the norms originated from databases of previous years agreed little with diagnoses obtained from the norms of the year considered.
A diagnose nutricional de lavouras comerciais, a partir da amostragem dos tecidos vegetais, de maneira complementar às análises de solo, tem proporcionado mais eficientes recomendações de uso de fertilizantes e, consequentemente, maiores incrementos nas produtividades ao longo dos anos. Usualmente os técnicos que prestam assistência especializada em nutrição e fetilização às lavouras utilizam, nos métodos de diagnose, níveis críticos e normas dos teores de nutrientes gerados a partir da própria base de dados. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho obter as normas dos métodos Índices Balanceados de Kenworth (BK), bem como para sua variante (BK-IV), apresentada neste, que utiliza o índice de variação (IV) em substituição ao coeficiente de variação para cada nutriente e, para o Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS). O BK e BK-IV enfocando o aspecto do balanço nutricional, que é a análise do nutriente isoladamente, e o DRIS, que enfoca o equilíbrio do nutriente em relação ao contexto nutricional como um todo. Além deste, os outros objetivos foram diagnosticar as lavouras identificando quais foram os nutrientes mais problemáticos por deficiência ou por excesso, bem como os mais balanceados e equilibrados, e estudar a variabilidade das normas BK, BK-IV e DRIS ao longo dos anos, e a implicação disto nos diagnósticos. Com base aos teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn e B obtidos de amostras foliares em 790 lavouras comerciais de soja cultivadas no município matogrossensse de Campo Novo dos Parecis, distribuídas ao longo de cinco anos agrícolas, com suas respectivas produtividades alcançadas, obteve-se as normas dos métodos de diagnose IBK, IBK-IV e DRIS. As lavouras que compuseram as subpopulações de altas produtividades dentro dos respectivos anos agrícolas, a partir das quais as normas foram geradas, foram aquelas que obtiveram produtividades iguais ou superiores à média somada a 1/3 do desvio padrão, o que abrangeu 33,5 % das lavouras no primeiro ano agrícola, 41,4 % no segundo ano agrícola, 37,2 % no terceiro ano agrícola, 38,9 % no quarto ano agrícola e 42,8 % no quinto ano agrícola. O N foi o nutriente mais frequentemente equilibrado e balanceado nas lavouras de soja ao longo dos cinco anos, e os mais limitantes às maiores produtividades foram o Mg, S, K, Mn, Cu e Zn. A Frequência de Diagnósticos Concordantes em torno de 80,0 % entre os métodos BK e BK-IV demonstraram alta redundância entre eles, o que não ocorreu quando os diagnósticos dos mesmos foram contrastados com os diagnósticos DRIS, que em média as concordâncias foram inferios a 50,0 %. Os diagnósticos obtidos a partir das normas originadas do acúmulo de dados antes dos anos agrícolas pouco concordaram com os diagnósticos obtidos com as normas do próprio ano agrícola.
23
Gaspareto, Rafaela Neris. "Formas de inoculação com bactérias promotoras de crescimento na nutrição e desempenho agronômico de milho no cerrado". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/155988.
Abstract (sommario):
Submitted by Rafaela Neris Gaspareto (rafagaspareto@hotmail.com) on 2018-09-13T17:57:05Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertação_Mestrado Rafaela Gaspareto_2018.pdf: 1360408 bytes, checksum: 496defcd724234ceda15cba6a5bccc61 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-09-13T18:36:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gaspareto_rn_me_ilha.pdf: 1360408 bytes, checksum: 496defcd724234ceda15cba6a5bccc61 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T18:36:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gaspareto_rn_me_ilha.pdf: 1360408 bytes, checksum: 496defcd724234ceda15cba6a5bccc61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-20
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Devido ao alto custo dos fertilizantes nitrogenados e a conscientização em prol de uma agricultura sustentável e menos poluente, tem-se aumentado a utilização de inoculantes contendo bactérias diazotróficas, que além de propiciar a fixação biológica de nitrogênio (N) também possui ação fitohormonal, promovendo assim, maior desenvolvimento do sistema radicular, absorção de água e nutrientes, com reflexos positivos no crescimento e produtividade de grãos de milho. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da inoculação do milho cultivado na safra e safrinha, com seis espécies de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas, aplicadas via sementes ou em jato dirigido na base da planta, sempre com redução de 25% na dose de N, sobre a absorção e exportação de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn), componentes de produção e produtividade de grãos em região de Cerrado, além das alterações nos atributos químicos do solo na camada de 0-0,20 m. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em Selvíria - MS, em um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico em sistema plantio direto e com espaçamento de 0,45 m entrelinhas. O delineamento experimental nos dois cultivos de milho foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, dispostos em um esquema fatorial 6 x 2 +3, sendo seis inoculações com A. brasilense, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, B. subtilis e P. fluorescens, aplicadas via sementes ou em jato dirigido na base da planta no estádio V3 do milho, sendo todos estes tratamentos com redução de 25% na dose de N recomendada em cobertura; além da testemunha sem inoculação e adubação nitrogenada; adubação com a dose de N recomendada (150 kg ha-1 = 100%) em cobertura e sem inoculação; e aplicação de 75% da dose de N (112,5 kg ha-1) recomendada em cobertura e sem inoculação. As bactérias promotoras de crescimento e as formas de inoculação interferem na extração e exportação de nutrientes pela planta de milho. As plantas de milho inoculadas com B. licheniformis extraíram maiores quantidades de nutrientes (em kg t-1 de grãos produzidos), principalmente quando inoculada via jato dirigido no estádio V3. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a dose de N nas condições testadas, pode ser reduzida em 25% na cultura do milho safra e safrinha, quando se inocula via semente ou em jato dirigido na base da planta no estádio V3 com algumas das bactérias testadas. De modo geral, a inoculação com B. licheniformis proporcionou as maiores produtividades de grãos.
Due to the high cost of nitrogen fertilizers and the awareness of a sustainable and less polluting agriculture, the use of inoculants containing diazotrophic bacteria has been increased, which besides propitiating the biological fixation of nitrogen (N) also has phytohormonal action, promoting thus, greater root system development, water and nutrient absorption, with positive effects on maize grain growth and yield. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of maize grown in the crop and in the second crop, with six species of plant growth promoting bacteria, applied via seeds or in a directed jet at the base of the plant, always with 25% reduction in dose (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn), grain production and productivity components in the Cerrado region, as well as changes in nutrient uptake and soil chemical attributes in the 0-20 cm layer. The experiments were carried out in Selvíria - MS, in an RED OXISOL Dystrophic in no-tillage system with spacing of 0.45 m between rows. The experimental design in the two crops was in randomized blocks with four replicates, arranged in a factorial scheme 6 x 2 +3, being six inoculations with A. brasilense, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, B. subtilis and P. fluorescens, applied by seed or in a directed spray at the base of the plant in the V3 stage of the corn, all of these treatments being 25% reduction in the N dose recommended in coverage; besides the control without inoculation and nitrogen fertilization; fertilization with the recommended N dose (150 kg ha-1 = 100%) under cover and without inoculation; and application of 75% of the dose of N (112.5 kg ha-1) recommended in coverage and without inoculation. Growth promoting bacteria and forms of inoculation interfere in the extraction and export of nutrients by the corn plant. The corn plants inoculated with B. licheniformis extracted higher amounts of nutrients (in kg t-1 of grains produced), especially when inoculated via a V3-directed jet. The results show that the N dose under the conditions tested can be reduced by 25% in the crop of the harvesting and second crop, when inoculated via seed or in a directed jet at the base of the plant in the V3 stage with some of the bacteria tested. In general, inoculation with B. licheniformis provided the highest corn grain yields.
FAPESP: 2017/03238-8
24
Ge, Siqi. "Screening of multi-omics biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Chinese population". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2293.
Abstract (sommario):
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major international health challenge which has a great worldwide impact on morbidity. Increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level is characterised as an independent risk factors for T2DM development and the development of predictive biomarkers for increased FPG level are crucial in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised medicine (PPPM) of T2DM. Established diagnostic tools for T2DM includes the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). These tests, however, provide “retrospective” markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, and therefore cannot be applied as predictive markers for from the perspectives of PPPM. A deeper understanding of the disease pathogenesis is urgently needed. Since blood is in direct contact with all tissues, pathological changes of T2DM are likely to be reflected in the genomic, proteomic and glycomic profiles of serum.
With a multi-omics design, Study I combined genomics and glycomics factors to investigate the candidate genes and the glycosylation patterns of IgG that lead to increased FPG level among Chinese populations. Study I identified 9 new SNPs located in 5 genetic loci (RPL7AP27, SNX30, SLC39A12, BACE2 and IGFL2), which considerably affect the increase of FPG level. Moreover, out of 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 2, 8 and 11 were found present positive trends with increased FPG level, while GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends. Study I implied the feasibility of our current multi-omics study design for T2DM and potential application of multi-omics approaches T2DM biomarkers screening at DNA and glycan levels, which led to Study II, the serumbased proteomic biomarkers research for T2DM at protein level.
In Study II, we analysed differences in serum peptide between T2DM patients and healthy controls, using magnetic bead-based fractionation, coupled with MALDI-TOF MS. Diagnostic models for T2DM based on a set of potential specific serum peptide biomarkers generated from a training cohort were further tested using an independent validation set of samples. Study II have found 6 peptides (peaks m/z 1452.9, 1692.8, 1946, 2115.1, 2211.0 and 4053.6) to be novel candidate biomarkers for T2DM diagnosis. The diagnostic performance of this peptide model indicated a high discriminatory power for T2DM, with an accuracy of 82.20%, sensitivity 82.50%, specificity 77.80% and an AUC value of 0.864. By combining Study I and Study II, we identified multiple biomarkers for T2DM across genomic, glycomic and proteomic level. Hence, it was necessary to complement it with robust subjective markers, and this led to Study III and Study IV.
Study III is a community-based, real-life environment, prospective study to investigate whether suboptimal health status (SHS), along with life-style and other socio-economic factors, contributes to the incidence of chronic disease in Chinese adults. Furthermore, Study III affords the opportunity to longitudinally analyse the genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors that may determine onset and etiology of targeted chronic disease.
Based on Study III, we further investigated the relationship between SHS and the onset of T2DM during the follow-up in Study IV. The main result of Study IV was that participants with higher levels of SHS had a considerably higher risk of T2DM. This finding in Study IV indicated that the risk will increase with the increasing SHS performance of an individual. These results provide the potential application of SHS as dynamic monitoring index for the development of T2DM.
In conclusion,
1) We found significant associations of 9 genetic loci located in 5 genes (RPL7AP27, SNX30, SLC39A12, BACE2 and IGFL2) with increased FPG level. We also found that IgG GPs 3, 8 and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG level, whereas GPs 4 and 14 showed negative trends with increased FPG level.
2) We have characterised 6 peptides (peaks m/z 1452.9, 1692.8, 1946, 2115.1, 2211.0 and 4053.6) to be novel candidate biomarkers for T2DM diagnosis.
3) SHS is a novel predictive factor for T2DM onset, and a higher SHS score is associated with a higher incidence of T2DM. The evaluation of SHS combined with the analysis of modifiable risk factors for SHS allows the risk stratification of T2DM, which might consequently contribute to the prevention of T2DM.
25
Diorio, Carlos Alberto. "DRIS para a cultura da bananeira na região norte do Paraná". Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2012. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/400.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:56:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
CARLOS_DISSERTACAO_AGRONOMIA_31_05_2012.pdf: 1729858 bytes, checksum: c9d12bae435ce85af2fa614993043588 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-05-15The aim of this study was to establish norms of the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) in the culture of banana (Musa sp) for the subgroup Cavendish. We used 107 leaf samples from plants on farms in the towns of Andirá and Rancho Alegre, both located in Northern Paraná State, cultivars Nanicão and Grande Naine , with and without irrigation, aged 2 to 10 years. Chemical analysis determined the content of leaf 11 nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. DRIS norms have been established for less than average productivity of 75 t ha-1, where it was found differences between the patterns of levels of nutrients and DRIS norms developed in this study. It was recommended the need for reprogramming of the quantities of fertilizer to be used according to the results obtained for the N, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Zn contents presenting below the pre-established standards tracks.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estabelecer normas do Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) na cultura da banana (Musa sp) para o sub grupo Cavendish. Foram utilizadas 107 amostras foliares de plantas em lavouras situadas nos municípios de Andirá e Rancho Alegre, ambos localizados na Região Norte do Estado do Paraná, cultivares Nanicão e Grande Naine , com e sem irrigação, idade variando entre 2 a 10 anos. As análises químicas foliares determinaram os teores de 11 nutrientes: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. Normas DRIS foram estabelecidas para produtividade média igual ou superior a 75 t ha-1, onde constatou-se divergências entre os teores padrões dos nutrientes e os teores das normas DRIS estabelecidas neste estudo. Recomendou-se a necessidade de reprogramação das quantidades a serem utilizadas de fertilizantes de acordo com os resultados obtidos, para N, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, e Zn que apresentaram índices abaixo das faixas padrões pré estabelecidas.
26
Franzé, Rodrigo Vezzani. "Qualidade tecnológica e teores de nutrientes da cana-de-açúcar sob efeito de maturadores /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96958.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o uso de diferentes produtos químicos como maturadores, em diferentes doses e misturas na qualidade tecnológica e também quantificar os teores de nutrientes nas lâminas foliares e no caldo da cana-planta cv. SP83-2847. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda São Francisco do Itaquerê, da Usina Santa Fé, Nova Europa, SP, Brasil de maio a julho de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os 14 tratamentos principais foram testemunha; glifosato; Moddus; Curavial; fosfito de potássio; sugar plus e sugar super plus, em suas doses e misturas aplicados no dia 21/05/2008. As subparcelas constituíram-se em seis épocas de amostragens para análises tecnológicas (-1; 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70 dias após a aplicação - d.a.a.) e duas épocas para avaliação do teor de nutrientes nas lâminas foliares (LF) obtidas das folhas +1 e caldo de cana (28 e 56 d.a.a.). O uso de glifosato como maturador e em mistura com Moddus, fosfito de potássio e sugar pus apresentaram os melhores resultados tecnológicos, o mesmo observado com o uso do Curavial. Em função da maturação a quantidade de nutrientes na segunda época de avaliação foi significativamente menor principalmente no caldo. O uso do fosfito de potássio e do sugar super plus, nas dosagens de 2,0 L ha-1 e 2,5 L ha-1, respectivamente, não incrementaram a qualidade. No geral, os maturadores utilizados não alteraram a composição nutricional da cultivar SP83-2847, exceto para Mn e Fe nas lâminas foliares e de Fe e Cu no caldoAbstract: This study aimed evaluate the use of chemical ripeners at different doses and blends in technological quality as well to quantify the sugarcane SP83-2847 leaves and juice mineral levels. The experiment was installed during the 2008/2009 season (May - July 2008) and carried out at "Fazenda São Francisco do Itaquerê" (farm), "Usina Santa Fé" (Sugar Mill), Nova Europa, SP, Brazil under a split-plot. The experiment design was the randomized blocks, in split-plot, with four replications. The 14 main treatments were control (only water); glyphosate; Moddus; Curavial; potassium phosphite; sugar plus, and sugar super plus. Their doses and mixtures were applied at 21st May 2008. The subplots were the sampling dates: -1; 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after application (d.a.a.) and two samples to quantify mineral levels in the leaves and juice (28 and 56 days). The use of glyphosate as ripper and its blends with Moddus, potassium phosphite and sugar plus resulted in raw material technological quality improvement. The same effect was observed using Curavial. According to the ripening the nutrients amount at the second sampling date was significantly lower mainly in the juice. The potassium phosphite and sugar super plus use at 2.0 L ha-1 and 2.5 L ha-1, respectively, did not improve the technological quality. In general, the ripeners did not change the SP83-2847 sugarcane nutrition levels, except for Mn and Fe in the leaves and Fe and Cu in the juice
Orientador: Miguel Angelo Mutton
Coorientadora: Márcia Justino Rossini Mutton
Banca: Marcelo de Almeida Silva
Banca: Durvalina Maria Mathias dos Santos
Mestre
27
Delport, Darnielle. "The development and application of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay to determine the impact of genetic variation in South African patients diagnosed with depression". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86564.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (MPath)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a severe debilitating medical condition that may lead to suicide. Due to a poor understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the disease process therapeutic decisions are usually taken using a ‘trial and error’ approach. This is not ideal since many treatments do not work as expected for all individuals. Studies have shown that only half of MDD patients receive the appropriate treatment, whereas many patients have adverse response to anti-depressants. These may include weight gain and raised homocysteine levels that may further compromise the health status of MDD patients and may partly explain the link with cardiovascular disease. The objective of the study was to identify genetic risk factors interacting with environmental factors implicated in MDD that may be of relevance to the South African population. Polymorphisms in the MTHFR (677 C>T, rs1801133 and 1298 A>C, rs1801131), COMT (472G>A, rs4680), CYP2D6 (6937G>A, rs3892097), ASMT (24436 G>A, rs4446909) and SLC6A4 (43 bp ins/del, rs4795541) genes were genotyped in 86 MDD patients and 97 population-matched controls. The specific aims were 1) to analytically validate high throughput real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) genotyping assays for the selected SNPs against direct sequencing as the gold standard for 2) possible integration into a pathology-supported genetic testing strategy aimed at improved clinical management of MDD. A total of 183 unrelated Caucasians participated in the study, including 69 females and 17 males with MDD and 57 female and 40 male controls without a personal and family medical history of overlapping stress/anxiety and depressive disorders. All study participants were genotyped for the six selected SNPs considered clinically useful based on international data. The allelic distribution of the SNPs, single or combined into a genotype risk score after counting their minor alleles, did not differ between MDD patients and controls. Homocysteine levels were determined and correlated with body mass index (BMI) and other variables known to influence these phenotypes. The folate score assessed with use of the study questionnaire was significantly lower in the patient group compared with controls (p=0.003) and correlated significantly with BMI, particularly in females (p=0.009). BMI was on average 8% higher in the MDD patients compared with controls (p=0.015) after adjustment for age and sex. The MTHFR rs1801133 677 T-allele was associated with a 14% increase in BMI in MDD patients but not controls (p=0.032), which in turn was associated with significantly increased homocysteine levels (p<0.05). The aims of the study were successfully achieved. Identification of the MTHFR rs1801133 677 T-allele reinforces the importance of adequate folate intake in the diet due to increased risk of obesity and depression found to be associated with low dietary intake. Evidence of shared genetic vulnerability for many chronic diseases and drug response mediated by the MTHFR 677 T-allele support the clinical relevance of this low-penetrance mutation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Major depressie (MD) is ‘n aftakelende siektetoestand wat tot selfdood kan lei. Onkunde oor die siekte se onderliggende biologiese meganismes lei dikwels tot ‘n lukrake terapeutiese benadering. Dit is ‘n onbevredigende situasie aangesien indiwidue verskillend reageer op die middels wat voorgeskryf word. Navorsing toon dat slegs ongeveer die helfte van MD pasiënte toepaslike behandeling kry, terwyl anti-depressante ‘n nadelige uitwerking het op baie pasiënte. Dit sluit massatoename en verhoogde homosisteïenvlakke in wat MD pasiënte se gesondheid bykomend nadelig kan beïnvloed en die verband met kardiovaskulêre siekte gedeeltelik kan verklaar. Hierdie studie poog om MD verwante genetiese risikofaktore en omgewingsfaktore wat mekaar beïnvloed en moontlik op die Suid Afrikaanse bevolking betrekking het, te identifiseer. Polimorfismes in die MTHFR (677 C>T, rs1801133 en 1298 A>C, rs1801131), COMT (472G>A, rs4680), CYP2D6 (6937G>A, rs3892097), ASMT (24436 G>A, rs4446909) en SLC6A4 (43 bp ins/del, rs4795541) gene is geanaliseer in 86 MD pasiënte en 97 kontroles geselekteer van dieselfde populasie. Die spesifieke doelwitte was om 1) hoë deurset direkte polimerase kettingreaksie (RT-PCR) genotiperingstoetse vir die 6 gekose polimorfismes met direkte volgordebepaling as maatstaf analities te valideer vir 2) moontlike insluiting in ‘n patologie-ondersteunde genetiese toetsstrategie met die oog op beter kliniese hantering van MD. Altesaam 183 Kaukasiërs het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die MD pasiënte het uit 69 vroue en 17 mans bestaan. Die kontroles (57 vroue en 40 mans) het geen mediese geskiedenis (persoonlik of familie) van oorvleuelende stress/angstigheid of depressie gehad nie. Gebaseer op internasionale data, is al die deelnemers vir die 6 gekose, potensieel klinies-bruikbare polimorfismes getoets. Die alleliese verspreiding van die polimorfismes enkel of gekombineer (uitgedruk as ‘n genotipe-risiko-syfer nadat minor allele getel is), was dieselfde in MD-pasiënte en kontroles. Homosisteïenvlakke is bepaal en gekorreleer met die liggaamsmassa-indeks (BMI) en ander veranderlikes wat bekend is vir hulle invloed op hierdie fenotipes. In teenstelling met die kontroles, was die folaat telling, soos bepaal met die studievraelys, betekenisvol laer in die pasiënte (p=0.003). Die korrelasie met die liggaamsmassa-indeks, spesifiek by vroue, was ook betekenisvol (p=0.009). Na aanpassings vir ouderdom en geslag, is gevind dat die liggaamsmassa-indeks gemiddeld 8% hoër was in die die MD pasiënte teenoor die kontroles. By MD-pasiënte, maar nie by die kontroles nie, is die MTHFR rs1801133 677 T-alleel geassosieer met ‘n 14% toename in liggaamsmassa-indeks (p=0.032), wat ook geassosieer was met betekenisvolle verhoogde homosisteïenvlakke (p<0.05). Die doelwitte van die studie is bereik. Identifisering van die MTHFR rs1801133 677 T-alleel beklemtoon hoe belangrik dit is om voldoende folaat in te neem, veral omdat ‘n verhoogde risiko vir vetsug en depressie met ‘n lae folaatinname in die diet geassosieer word. Die kliniese belang van die MTHFR 677 T-alleel word beklemtoon deur toenemende bewyse wat daarop dui dat gedeelde genetiese vatbaarheid vir ‘n verskeidenheid van kroniese siektes asook middelrespons aan bemiddeling deur hierdie lae penetrasie mutasie toegeskryf kan word.
Winetech
Technology for Human Resources and Industry Program (THRIP).
28
Nowaki, Rodrigo Hiyoshi Dalmazzo [UNESP]. "Padrões para avaliação do estado nutricional do tomateiro para indústria". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152192.
Abstract (sommario):
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-17T13:50:32Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T14:06:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:09:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:12:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T19:44:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T11:57:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T12:57:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:16:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:34:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:24:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:29:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:05:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:39:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T16:47:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T17:31:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T11:40:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T12:31:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T13:03:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T18:08:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-28T12:13:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:22:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:31:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:37:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Submitted by RODRIGO HIYOSHI DALMAZZO NOWAKI null (rodrigo.nowaki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-28T19:04:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PADRÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO TOMATEIRO PARA INDÚSTRIA.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Roberta Honorato Goria null (roberta@clp.unesp.br) on 2017-11-29T20:00:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nowaki_rhd_dr_jabo.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-29T20:00:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nowaki_rhd_dr_jabo.pdf: 2361225 bytes, checksum: a273426fe666c2a7345ac7bf93710dd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A avaliação do estado nutricional, a partir da análise foliar, é importante, como complemento à análise química do solo, para a identificação de desequilíbrio nutricional e auxiliar na recomendação de fertilizantes. Tal avaliação torna-se ainda mais importante, quando se trata do tomate de indústria, uma das hortaliças de maior valor econômico no Brasil e que os fertilizantes chegam a representar 18 % do custo de produção. Para tanto, conceitos de interpretação à diagnose do estado nutricional foram desenvolvidos, como o Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) e Diagnose da Composição Nutricional (CND), abordagem CND-clr (relação log centralizada) e CND-ilr (relação log isométrica). Com isso, o objetivo da realização do presente trabalho foi obter as normas e a faixa de suficiência, bem como comparar tais metodologias, a partir dos dados de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mg e Zn). Quando analisados individualmente, com exceção do método DRIS, os métodos CND-clr e CND-ilr, apresentaram boas performances e com bons parâmetros de calibração dos métodos. Contudo, quando analisados de maneira conjunta, segundo a distância de Mahalanobis e a partição de Cate-Nelson, todos os métodos, incluindo a transformação log neperiano do teor, não apresentaram diferença significativa.
The evaluation of nutritional status through leaf analysis is important, as a complement to soil chemical analysis, for the identification of nutritional imbalance and ancillary fertilizer recommendation. This evaluation becomes even more important when it comes to the tomato industry, one of the vegetables with the highest economic value in Brazil, and that fertilizers represent 18% of the cost of production. For this purpose, concepts of interpretation and diagnosis of nutritional status were developed, such as the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) and Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND), CND-clr (centralized log ratio) and CND-ilr (isometric log rato) approach. Thus, the goal of the implementation of this work was to obtain standards and sufficiency range and compare these methods, from the nutrient data (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe , Mn and Zn). When analyzed individually, with the exception of the DRIS, the CND-clr and CND-ilr methods presented good performances and with good calibration parameters of the methods. However, when analyzed together, according to the Mahalanobis distance and the Cate-Nelson partition, all methods, including log transformation of the content, showed no significant difference.
FAPESP: 2013/24447-4
FAPESP: 2015/11321-8
29
Lima, Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de [UNESP]. "Estudos sobre a nutrição de progênies de aceroleira: épocas de amostragens de folhas e exportação de nutrientes". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105298.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2008-03-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
lima_rls_dr_jabo.pdf: 208998 bytes, checksum: 21b5242c368648451dc909e05961b33e (MD5)Funep
As plantas de aceroleira apresentam intenso crescimento na Região do Nordeste brasileiro, onde produzem de quatro a seis safras por ano. Em função disso, é de se esperar que o teor de nutrientes das folhas e as exportações de elementos minerais pela colheita dos frutos variem em função da época do ano e dos distintos genótipos, entre outros fatores. O conhecimento destas variações é importante para balizar a diagnose foliar e o manejo da cultura. Por isso, este trabalho foi conduzido no Campo Experimental da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, em Pacajus, CE (4º10’ S; 38º27’ W), no ano agrícola 1999/2000, com o objetivo de determinar a variação sazonal do teor de nutrientes nas folhas e a exportação por frutos de diferentes genótipos de aceroleira. Foram avaliadas as folhas e os frutos de seis progênies, plantas com 2,5 anos de idade, cultivadas em sistema de sequeiro, em seis épocas do ano. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas (6 progênies) subdivididas no tempo (6 épocas de colheita), com 4 repetições. Foram observadas poucas diferenças no teor de macronutrientes das folhas das distintas progênies de aceroleiras. O período de junho a outubro apresenta boa estabilidade nos teores de macronutrientes em progênies de aceroleira no Estado do Ceará. O mês de junho é o mais indicado para amostragem de folhas visando à diagnose foliar. As progênies de aceroleira têm habilidades diferenciadas na manutenção dos teores de Cu, Mn e Zn nas folhas. A maior exportação de nutrientes ocorreu nos meses de maior precipitação (Fevereiro e abril). De forma geral as progênies estudadas não diferiam entre si quanto à habilidade em exportar macronutrientes. As progênies P-52, P- 93 e P-97 exportaram maior quantidade de Cu e Zn. A seqüência de exportação de nutrientes por tonelada de frutos frescos de aceroleira foi: K>N>P>Mg>Ca>S>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu.
The West Indian cherry plants show intense growth in the brazilian northeast region, and fruits are harvested in four to six times along the year. Then, it is expected that nutrient concentrations in the leaves and their exportation by fruits may vary among progenys and harvest times, and this knowledge are important for plant nutritional diagnosys and culture management. Thus, this work was carried out at the experimental field of the Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, located in Pacajus - CE (4º10’ S; 38º27’ W), Brazil, on 1999/2000 cicle, aiming to determine the sazonal variations of levels of nutrients in the leaves and exportation by fruits harvested from six progenys, and six harvest times on plants of 2.5 years old, without irrigation. It was utilized a complete randomized block design, with split plot in time (progenys in plots, and harvest times as sub-plots) with four replications. It was observed little difference on macronutrients in leaves of distinct progenys studied. The period from june to October showed good stability of macronutrients in the leaves. June was the most suitable month for leaf sampling aiming to plant nutritional diagnosys. The studied lineages presented different habilities to keep Cu, Mn and Zn concentrations in leaves. Nutrient exportation was greater in the period with more volume of rains (from February to April). Progenys do not induced important difference on macronutrients exportations by fruit harvests. Progenys P-52, P- 93 e P-97 exported greater amounts of Cu and Zn. Also, the exportation sequence of nutrients was: K>N>P>Mg>Ca>S>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu.
30
Silva, Marcos Antonio Camacho da [UNESP]. "Métodos de avaliação do estado nutricional para o algodoeiro no centro-oeste do Brasil". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105306.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2006-04-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:44:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
silva_mac_dr_jabo.pdf: 607164 bytes, checksum: 1aa75d4066614bdfc4af7c52eab95123 (MD5)Uems-Universidade Estadual Mato Grosso do Sul
Visando estabelecer normas para o DRIS e os valores de referência para avaliação do estado nutricional da cultura do algodão, um produto agrícola em franca expansão no território nacional e com significativa contribuição econômica no PIB brasileiro, o presente trabalho estudou lavouras comerciais de municípios do norte do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e centro-sul do estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando o método da chance matemática e a metodologia do DRIS para dados de monitoramento nutricional. O método da chance matemática, tendo como referência a produtividade de 4500 kg ha-1, retornou , em g kg-1, de 33-45; 2,8-5,3; 15-21; 20-36; 4,0-7,2 e 2,8-8,6 para N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, e em mg kg-1, de 53-83; 4-12; 110-440; 40-60 e 25-50 para B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. As faixas indicadas, embora similares às existentes, demonstram aperfeiçoamento para obtenção de altas produtividades. O N é o nutriente que pode ter problemas devido a adubação excessiva nas maioria das áreas, seguido do Mn e do K. Os maiores retornos, promovidos pela adubação, poderão ocorrer em função da aplicação de P e B. Com relação ao DRIS, o método proposto por Elwali & Gascho é menos sensível à forma de escolha da relação (r ou F) para o cálculo do IBN, e a relação escolhida para cálculo do DRIS pelo valor r não é recomendável, exceto quando a diferença entre os coeficientes de correlação, entre a relação direta e inversa, for estatisticamente significativa. Pelos métodos de cálculo das funções DRIS foram diagnosticados como prováveis limitações da cultura o Ca e o Mg, que normalmente são fornecidos via calagem, e também o S.
The cotton is an agricultural product in development for Brazil and has significant contribution for Brazilian economy. With the objective to establish DRIS norms and references values for nutritional status availability for cotton crop, this study used commercial areas in the north of the Mato Grosso do Sul state and center-south of the Mato Grosso state, applying the mathematical chance method and the DRIS for nutritional analysis data. The mathematical chance method calculated the cotton sufficiency range, in g kg-1, of 33-45; 2,8-5,3; 15-21; 20-36; 4,0-7,2 and 2,8-8,6 for N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, and in mg kg-1, of 53-83; 4-12; 110-440; 40-60 and 25-50 for B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. The range furnishing values that can not be obtained by conventional research in short time and the range obtained can be used in the Brazilians production systems. However, it is indicated that these values would be adjusted constantly for supplying the system specificity. For DRIS, the results indicated that the choice for nutrient ratio modify the data interpretation, but the nutritional balance index has correlation. The r value isn't recommended. The DRIS indicated limitation provable for Ca, Mg and S, but the Ca and S is furnished normality by liming.
31
Franzé, Rodrigo Vezzani [UNESP]. "Qualidade tecnológica e teores de nutrientes da cana-de-açúcar sob efeito de maturadores". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96958.
Abstract (sommario):
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2010-07-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:57:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
franze_rv_me_jabo.pdf: 1078770 bytes, checksum: b9f6e8252d0d7eae11c88593967dfec8 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Usina São Martinho
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o uso de diferentes produtos químicos como maturadores, em diferentes doses e misturas na qualidade tecnológica e também quantificar os teores de nutrientes nas lâminas foliares e no caldo da cana-planta cv. SP83-2847. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda São Francisco do Itaquerê, da Usina Santa Fé, Nova Europa, SP, Brasil de maio a julho de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os 14 tratamentos principais foram testemunha; glifosato; Moddus; Curavial; fosfito de potássio; sugar plus e sugar super plus, em suas doses e misturas aplicados no dia 21/05/2008. As subparcelas constituíram-se em seis épocas de amostragens para análises tecnológicas (-1; 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70 dias após a aplicação – d.a.a.) e duas épocas para avaliação do teor de nutrientes nas lâminas foliares (LF) obtidas das folhas +1 e caldo de cana (28 e 56 d.a.a.). O uso de glifosato como maturador e em mistura com Moddus, fosfito de potássio e sugar pus apresentaram os melhores resultados tecnológicos, o mesmo observado com o uso do Curavial. Em função da maturação a quantidade de nutrientes na segunda época de avaliação foi significativamente menor principalmente no caldo. O uso do fosfito de potássio e do sugar super plus, nas dosagens de 2,0 L ha-1 e 2,5 L ha-1, respectivamente, não incrementaram a qualidade. No geral, os maturadores utilizados não alteraram a composição nutricional da cultivar SP83-2847, exceto para Mn e Fe nas lâminas foliares e de Fe e Cu no caldo
This study aimed evaluate the use of chemical ripeners at different doses and blends in technological quality as well to quantify the sugarcane SP83-2847 leaves and juice mineral levels. The experiment was installed during the 2008/2009 season (May – July 2008) and carried out at “Fazenda São Francisco do Itaquerê” (farm), “Usina Santa Fé” (Sugar Mill), Nova Europa, SP, Brazil under a split-plot. The experiment design was the randomized blocks, in split-plot, with four replications. The 14 main treatments were control (only water); glyphosate; Moddus; Curavial; potassium phosphite; sugar plus, and sugar super plus. Their doses and mixtures were applied at 21st May 2008. The subplots were the sampling dates: -1; 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after application (d.a.a.) and two samples to quantify mineral levels in the leaves and juice (28 and 56 days). The use of glyphosate as ripper and its blends with Moddus, potassium phosphite and sugar plus resulted in raw material technological quality improvement. The same effect was observed using Curavial. According to the ripening the nutrients amount at the second sampling date was significantly lower mainly in the juice. The potassium phosphite and sugar super plus use at 2.0 L ha-1 and 2.5 L ha-1, respectively, did not improve the technological quality. In general, the ripeners did not change the SP83-2847 sugarcane nutrition levels, except for Mn and Fe in the leaves and Fe and Cu in the juice
32
Mesquita, Marcos Antonio Machado. "Estado nutricional e normas DRIS para o feijoeiro irrigado em Cristalina, Goiás". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6606.
Abstract (sommario):
Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-12-16T16:11:21Z
No. of bitstreams: 4
Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (1).pdf: 15369606 bytes, checksum: 7d6b418613f8058d3668c7b49eadf4c5 (MD5)
Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (2).pdf: 15434160 bytes, checksum: 666dbd494ad63068371855127245bdfa (MD5)
Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (3).pdf: 17619968 bytes, checksum: 0da1b7499b495578032aacf8d2b5648a (MD5)
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-12-16T16:12:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (1).pdf: 15369606 bytes, checksum: 7d6b418613f8058d3668c7b49eadf4c5 (MD5) Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (2).pdf: 15434160 bytes, checksum: 666dbd494ad63068371855127245bdfa (MD5) Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (3).pdf: 17619968 bytes, checksum: 0da1b7499b495578032aacf8d2b5648a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-16T16:12:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (1).pdf: 15369606 bytes, checksum: 7d6b418613f8058d3668c7b49eadf4c5 (MD5) Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (2).pdf: 15434160 bytes, checksum: 666dbd494ad63068371855127245bdfa (MD5) Tese - Marcos Antônio Machado Mesquita - 2013 (3).pdf: 17619968 bytes, checksum: 0da1b7499b495578032aacf8d2b5648a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30
The cultivation of irrigated common bean is an important economic activity for the city of Cristalina, Goias. The proper management of manure promotes the production of safer, contributing to the economic and environmental sustainability. The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) was developed to provide a diagnosis of the nutritional status of cultivated plants, helping the decision on fertilizer recommendation for crops, being based on the balance of essential nutrients to plants. However, this study aimed to establish reference standards DRIS and assess the nutritional status of irrigated common bean grown in the municipality of Cristalina, GO. In this, there were 86 samples of soil samples, 86 samples from leaf samples and 82 samples of common bean yield in 2009/2010. With the data organized into a database. The database was analyzed from two aspects known as the traditional methods of Critical Levels and Concentration Ranges, and also by the method of DRIS. The attributes B, S, MO and T were considered insufficient, while nutrients Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, K and P were considered excessive in the soil. Fe, Zn and Mo were the nutrients in the leaves with smaller amplitudes located within the range considered appropriate, nutrients S, Ca and Cu were considered insufficient, and the P, N, and K have been considered excessive in the plant, comparing the criteria established. The DRIS method was more sensitive to diagnose nutritional problems, especially for micronutrients
O cultivo do feijoeiro comum irrigado representa uma importante atividade econômica para o município de Cristalina em Goiás. O manejo adequado da adubação propicia a produção de alimentos mais seguros, contribuindo com a sustentabilidade econômica e ambiental. O Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) foi desenvolvido para fornecer um diagnóstico do estado nutricional de plantas cultivadas, auxiliando na decisão sobre a recomendação de adubação para culturas agrícolas, sendo baseado no balanço dos nutrientes essenciais aos vegetais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estabelecer as normas de referência DRIS e avaliar o estado nutricional do feijoeiro comum irrigado cultivado no município de Cristalina, GO. Foram realizadas 86 coletas de amostras de solo, 86 coletas de amostras de folhas e 82 amostras de produtividade do feijoeiro comum na safra 2009/2010. Com os dados obtidos organizou-se um banco de dados. O banco de dados foi analisado sob duas vertentes, o método tradicional conhecido como métodos dos Níveis Críticos ou Faixas de Concentração, e também, pela metodologia do DRIS. Os atributos B, S, MO e T foram considerados deficientes, enquanto que os nutrientes Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, K e P foram considerados excessivos no solo. O Fe, Zn e Mo foram os nutrientes nas folhas com menores amplitudes, situadas nas faixas consideradas adequadas; os nutrientes S, Ca e Cu foram considerados deficientes, e o P, N, e K foram considerados excessivos na planta, comparando aos critérios estabelecidos. O método DRIS apresentou maior sensibilidade para diagnosticar problemas nutricionais, especialmente, para micronutrientes.
33
McAdler, Marisa M. "The Relationship Between Vitamin D Status of Adult Women and Diet, Sun Exposure, Skin Reflectance, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1090.
Abstract (sommario):
As the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency continues to grow, mounting evidence supporting its link with chronic disease strengthens suggesting vitamin D’s candidacy in the prevention and treatment of multiple disease states and their complications. Dietary guidelines, however, do not take sun exposure into account. The present study sought to explore the impact of sun exposure on vitamin D status (serum 25(OH)D), and identify other significant determinants of serum levels which may have the greatest effects on overall health. Participants (n = 34) were pre-menopausal women aged 18 to 50 years (mean age 39 ± 6 years), who had their blood drawn at a local pathology lab and a follow-up appointment at a health assessment lab for the collection of other measurements. Mean serum 25(OH)D level was 64 ± 18 nmol/L, and mean dietary vitamin D intake was approximately 327 ± 229 IU/day. Although 82% of participants were below the RDA guidelines (600 IU/day for females ages 9-50 years) for dietary vitamin D intake, only 32% had serum 25(OH)D levels < 50 nmol/L (the recommended level of sufficiency for bone health) reflecting deficiency. While serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated to dietary vitamin D intake (r = 0.42, p = 0.0139), it is reasonable to assume that participants obtained adequate vitamin D from sun exposure. Fasting serum insulin levels were significantly, positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001), and sun exposure index (Body Surface Area x Minutes of Direct Sunlight) was significantly, positively correlated with serum 25(OH)D levels (fall weekend SEI: r = 0.47, p = 0.0059; spring weekend SEI: r = 0.43, p = 0.0135; average weekend SEI: r = 0.43, p = 0.013; and average overall SEI: r = 0.39, p = 0.0247). Reported sun exposure appeared to be least during winter weekdays and the most during summer weekends. Regression analysis was used to determine the strongest predictors of serum 25(OH)D levels, which were found to be sun exposure, dietary vitamin D intake, skin reflectance, age, BMI, and ethnicity (R2 = 0.58 , p = 0.0031), demonstrating that simple questionnaires, such as those employed in this study, can help to predict serum 25(OH)D status and thus be considered in the future treatment of vitamin D deficiency.
34
Mahamat, Saleh Yahya. "Etude des associations entre facteurs nutritionnels et risque de cancers cutanés dans les cohortes E3N et EPIC Citrus Intake and Risk of Skin Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort Patterns of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid Dietary Intake and Melanoma Thickness at Diagnosis Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level, Vitamin D Intake, and Risk of Skin Cancers: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Skin Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study in French Women. Am JClin Nutr Antioxidant Supplement Use and Risk of Keratinocytes Cancers: A Prospective Cohort Study Baseline and Lifetime Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Skin Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition cohort (EPIC)". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASR008.
Abstract (sommario):
Titre : Etude des associations entre facteurs nutritionnels et risque de cancers cutanés dans les cohortes E3N et EPICLes cancers cutanés sont les néoplasmes les plus fréquents chez les populations de type Caucasien et leur incidence est en constante augmentation. L'exposition aux rayonnements ultraviolets (UV) est le seul facteur environnemental reconnu comme cause avérée de cancer de la peau et actuellement le seul pour lequel une prévention est possible. Cependant, il apparait de plus en plus probable que certains facteurs nutritionnels, notamment les antioxydants, pourraient empêcher les effets néfastes de l'exposition aux UV et ainsi potentiellement représenter des agents de chimio-prévention des cancers cutanés. Il a également été suggéré que certains groupes d'aliments, tels que les agrumes, les compléments alimentaires, les acides gras, la vitamine D et l'alcool pouvaient être associés à un risque accru de cancers cutanés. Cependant, les études menées jusqu'à présent n'ont pas permis d'émettre de conclusion claire : peu d'études prospectives avec un échantillon suffisamment important et disposant de données sur l'exposition solaire sont disponibles. Il est donc nécessaire de faire progresser nos connaissances dans ce domaine afin de mieux cibler les campagnes de prévention des cancers cutanés.L’objectif principal de cette thèse était d’explorer les relations entre les facteurs nutritionnels et le risque de cancers cutanés. Les données utilisées dans ce projet incluent les données de la cohorte E3N, incluant près de 100 000 femmes françaises suivies depuis 1990, les données de la cohorte EPIC, incluant près de 520 000 participants issus de 10 pays européens, et les données du PMP, une étude prospective incluant 700 patients australiens atteints de mélanome suivis depuis 2014. De plus, les données de la littérature sur les liens entre vitamine D et mélanome ont été résumées et poolées dans une revue systématique et une méta-analyse.Nos résultats suggèrent que l’adhérence au régime méditerranéen est associée à risque plus faible de cancers cutanés, plus particulièrement de mélanome et de carcinome baso-cellulaire ; en revanche la prise de compléments alimentaires en bêta-carotène, vitamine A ou E était associée à un risque accru de carcinomes cutanés. De plus, nous avons observé que les consommations d’agrumes ou d’alcool étaient associées à un risque plus élevé de cancers cutanés. Par ailleurs, nos résultats suggèrent qu’une forte consommation d’un régime « riche en viande, poisson et graisses » est associée à l’épaisseur du mélanome. Enfin, les résultats de notre méta-analyse suggèrent que les taux circulants élevés de vitamine D sont associés à un risque accru de mélanome et de carcinomes cutanés.Les travaux de cette thèse ont mis en lumière des relations complexes entre les facteurs nutritionnels et le risque de cancers cutanés. Par ailleurs, ils soulèvent plusieurs questions qu’il serait envisageable d’approfondir dans d’autres études. Si ces résultats sont répliqués, ils pourraient, à terme, avoir un impact sur les stratégies de prévention des cancers cutanés.Mots-clés : cancers cutanés ; régime méditerranéen ; compléments en antioxydants ; agrumes ; alcool ; profils alimentaires ; vitamine D ; cohorte prospective ; méta-analyseTitle: Associations between nutritional factors and skin cancer risk in the E3N and EPIC cohortsSkin cancers are the most frequent neoplasms in Caucasian populations and their incidence has been constantly rising. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the only environmental risk factor recognized as a cause of skin cancer and the only factor for which prevention is possible. However, it appears increasingly likely that several nutritional factors, particularly antioxidants, could counteract the negative effects of UV exposure and thus potentially represent chemo-preventive agents for skin cancer. It has also been suggested that several food groups, such as citrus, dietary supplements, vitamin D, fatty acids, and alcohol, could be associated with skin cancer risk. However, investigations to date did not allow to draw clear conclusions; few prospective data are indeed available within a sufficiently large sample and available sun exposure data. It is thus crucial to advance our knowledge in this field in order to target skin cancer prevention campaigns more precisely.The objective of this doctoral project was to study the relationships between nutritional factors and skin cancer risk. To achieve our objective, we used data from E3N, a prospective cohort of ~ 100,000 French women followed since 1990, data from EPIC cohort, a prospective cohort involving ~520,000 participants who have been followed-up in 23 centers from 10 European countries, and data from PMP, a prospective study of ~700 melanoma patients diagnosed in Queensland between 2010 and 2014. Additionally, data from the literature were summarized and pooled in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Our results suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower skin cancer risk in women, particularly melanoma and basal-cell carcinoma. Intake of supplements in beta-carotene, vitamin A or E was associated with an increased keratinocyte cancer risk in women. In addition, we found positive linear relationships between citrus intake and skin cancer risk, which were mostly driven by associations with keratinocyte cancers, and between alcohol consumption and overall skin cancer risk. However, our results also suggest that people with high meat, fish, and fat intakes, who thus consumed relatively high levels of omega-3 and high omega-6 fatty acid intakes, are more likely to be diagnosed with thick than thin melanomas. In the meta-analysis, we found positive associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and melanoma and keratinocyte cancer risk.This project highlighted complex relationships between nutritional factors and the risk of skin cancers. It also raised several questions that could be considered for further study. If replicated and confirmed in future research, these findings may ultimately have important implications in skin cancer prevention.Keyword: skin cancer ; Mediterranean diet ; antioxidant supplements ; citrus ; alcohol ; dietary pattern; vitamin D; prospective cohort; meta-analysis
35
Penhavel, Felix André Sanches. "Avaliação nutricional pré e pós-operatória de pacientes portadores de megaesôfago chagásico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5154/tde-08092014-123607/.
Abstract (sommario):
O megaesôfago é manifestação clínica freqüente, em pacientes na fase crônica da doença de Chagas, na região Central do Brasil. Cursa com disfagia progressiva que pode levar a desnutrição protéico-calórica. O melhor tratamento para o megaesôfago é o cirúrgico. Pacientes desnutridos têm maior probabilidade de desenvolver complicações e mortalidade pósoperatória. Megaesôfago avançado ou recidivado podem ser tratados com a operação de Serra Dória, que consiste de cardioplastia, associada à gastrectomia parcial e anastomose gastrojejunal em alça exclusa, tipo Y de Roux. Torna-se de interesse avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes portadores de megaesôfago chagásico no pré e pós-operatório, averiguando a repercussão que o estado nutricional pré-operatório possa ter sobre a evolução cirúrgica, assim como as conseqüências nutricionais da operação de Serra Dória. No presente trabalho foi realizada avaliação nutricional préoperatória em 27 pacientes portadores de magaesôfago chagásico, candidatos à operação Serra Dória. Após o 90º dia de pós-operatório, 19 pacientes foram reavaliados. Do total de pacientes, 75% tinham magaesôfago grupo IV; o restante, megaesôfago recidivado. O estado nutricional foi avaliado por meio de avaliação nutricional subjetiva global, antropometria, exames laboratoriais, além da análise de ingestão alimentar. No período pré-operatório observou-se, em mais de 60% dos doentes, desnutrição calórico-protéica do tipo marasmática caracterizada: por redução do índice de massa corpórea; pelo déficit ponderal em relação aos valores padrões; pela depleção acentuada da prega cutânea do tríceps, com preservação da circunferência muscular do braço, da albumina e da transferrina. De acordo com a avaliação nutricional subjetiva global, 2/3 dos pacientes apresentavam desnutrição. A desnutrição diagnosticada no préoperatório pela avaliação nutricional subjetiva global associou-se com o sintoma regurgitação. O estado nutricional pré-operatório não se associou a complicação ou mortalidade pós-operatória. Na avaliação pós-operatória observou-se aumento da ingestão protéica. Houve aumento do índice de massa corpórea e da prega cutânea do tríceps, além de redução dos níveis de hemoglobina no sangue periférico. Em conclusão, pacientes com megaesôfago chagásico grupo IV e recidivado, apresentam alta freqüência de desnutrição protéico-calórica. A desnutrição pré-operatória não se associa à morbimortalidade pós-operatória. No pós-operatório os pacientes apresentam recuperação da massa gordurosa corpóreaChagasic megaesophagus is a frequent clinical manifestation in patients in a chronic phase of Chagas disease in Central Brazil. The main sympton is progressive dysphagia that can lead to protein-calorie malnutrition. Surgical intervention is the best treatment for megaesophagus. Undernourished patients present a greater probability of developing complications and postoperative mortality. Advanced or recurrent megaesophagus can be treated with Serra Dória\'s surgical procedure, which consists of cardioplasty, associated with partial gastrectomy and gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis. An evaluation is worthwhile of the nutritional state of patients with chagasic megaesophagus in the pre- and postoperative period, as the findings have repercussions on the surgical course. The nutritional consequences of Serra Dória operation should also be observed. In the present work, a preoperative nutritional evaluation was performed in 27 patients with chagasic megaesophagus who were candidates for the Serra Dória operation. After postoperative day 90, 19 patients were reevaluated. Of the total patients, 75% presented megaesophagus group IV and the remainder recurrent megaesophagus. The nutritional state was assessed through subjective global assessment, anthropometry and laboratorial exams, besides the analysis of alimentary ingestion. In the preoperative period it was observed that over 60% of the patients had protein-calorie malnutrition of the marasmic type, characterized by: reduction in the body mass index; ponderal index deficit in relation to the standard values; marked depletion in the skin fold of the triceps, with preservation of the muscular circumference of the arm and of the albumin and transferrin levels. In agreement with the global subjective nutritional evaluation, 2/3 of the patients presented malnutrition. The diagnosis of malnutrition in the preoperative by subjective global assessment was associated with the symptom of regurgitation. The preoperative nutritional state did not correlate with complications or postoperative mortality. The postoperative evaluation showed an increase in the ingestion of proteins. There was an increase in the body mass index and the tricipital skin fold, besides a reduction in the hemoglobin levels of the peripheral blood. In conclusion, patients with group IV and recurrent chagasic megaesophagus presented a high frequency of protein-calorie malnutrition. Preoperative malnutrition was not associated to postoperative morbidity and mortality. In the postoperative the patients presented a recovery in the body fat mass
36
Gellar, Lauren A. "The Effect of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load on Glucose Control, Lipid Profiles and Anthropometrics Among Low-Income Latinos With Type 2 Diabetes: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/522.
Abstract (sommario):
Background The incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically, particularly among Latinos. While several studies suggest the beneficial effect of lowering glycemic index and glycemic load in patients with type 2 diabetes, no data exists regarding this issue in the Latino population. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lowering glycemic index and glycemic load on diabetes control, lipid profiles and anthropometrics among Latinos with type 2 diabetes.
Methods Subjects participated in a 12 month randomized clinical trial. The intervention targeted diabetes knowledge, attitudes and behavioral capabilities related to diabetes self management with content including nutrition and physical activity. The nutrition protocol emphasized reduction in glycemic index, fat, salt and portion size and increase in fiber. The control group was given usual care. Measurements included Hba1c, fasting glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), HDL:LDL ratio, TC:HDL ratio, waist circumference and BMI and were collected at baseline, 4 and 12-months.
Results Two hundred fifty two Latino adults with type 2 diabetes participated in the study. Baseline mean HbA1C was 8.98% (SD=1.87), BMI was 34.76 kg/cm (SD=6.94), age was 56 (SD=11.18) years and 76% were female. Reduction in glycemic index was positively associated with a reduction in logHbA1c (p=0.006), HDL:LDL ratio (p=0.037) and waist circumference (p=0.003) overtime, but not with fasting glucose, TC, LDL and HDL, TC:HDL ratio, body weight or BMI. No significant associations were found between glycemic load and any measures.
Conclusion Results suggest that lowering glycemic index may have a positive effect on some markers of diabetes control, lipid profiles and anthropometrics among Latinos with type 2 diabetes, but not others. While statistically significant reductions in GI and GL were noted, the actual reduction was small. Thus, greater reduction in GI and GL may be needed for clinical significance and greater effect on metabolic outcomes. Future research should target populations with higher baseline GI and GL.
37
Pluhařová, Apolena. "Laboratorní funkční diagnostika malabsorpčních syndromů se zaměřením na laktózovou intoleranci". Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-447321.
Abstract (sommario):
This diploma thesis deals with laboratory functional diagnostics of malabsorption syndromes. Especially the functional diagnosis of lactose intolerance. The golden standard for the functional diagnosis of lactose intolerance is the breath test. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of lactose intolerance (LI) using a lactose breath test when consuming a dose of 20 g of lactose in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and in volunteers who do not show gastrointestinal problems. Part of the research was also to examine the symptoms that led the individual to see a doctor and undergo a lactose breath test. The method consisted in the evaluation of the results of breath tests, which were performed on patients and volunteers in the gastroenterological laboratory of the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and the General Hospital. A questionnaire was given to everyone to evaluate the symptoms of LI and the phenomena leading to malabsorption. Lactose intolerance was confirmed in 92 % of patients and 79 % of volunteers. The most reported symptoms in the patient sample were typical gastrointestinal LI-related problems: gastric and intestinal problems after milk consumption (85 % of patients), gastric and intestinal problems after consumption of dairy products (85 % of patients),...
38
Xie, Jun-Xiang, e 謝鈞翔. "Leaf Nutritional Survey and Nitrogen Diagnosis of Lemon （cv. Eureka）". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89369414502650374876.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立屏東科技大學
農園生產系所
99
Lemon is an important fruit crop in Taiwan. It has larger market demand for and high economic value. There is few research about soil and fertilizer management for lemon in Taiwan. Understanding of the nutritional status of fruit trees is very important to recommend rational fertilization, to promote the lemon industry. This study investigated the nutritional status, and the possibility of using chlorophyll meter and power image analysis (PIA) to diagnosis nitrogen nutrition at the lemon-production areas in Pingtung County. The results showed that soil fertility is changing with crop growth, fertilizer application and other factors. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations of leaf increased after fertilizer application. It decreased gradually during flowering and fruiting period in March to September, the concentration of leaf dropped after September, a large amount of nutrients consumed by the fruit, because at this period no fertilizer was applied, so that the nutrients concentration decreased. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, boron of leaf were within the range of the appropriate concentration of nutrients diagnosis of lemon from foreign references. So it can be served as a diagnosis references, but calcium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc were beyond the range of appropriate values. There was a significantly negative linear correlation between potassium concentration of leaf with calcium or magnesium concentrations of leaf. Both of flowering and fruiting exist simultaneous in May to June, undertaking leaf diagnosing after first fruit harvested, it is appropriate to apply fertilizer at fruit rapid growth stage. The appropriate period of leaf nutrient diagnosis is from May to June, the leaf is 4-month-old spring flush leaf. Applied excessive amount of nitrogen did not increase yield, the combined application of potassium got the highest yield, both excessive applied of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was no significantly positive effect of yield. Increased the amount of potassium fertilizer increased the total soluble solids and the sugar to acid ratio, and decreased titratable acid content. There was a significantly quadratic correlation between N concentration of leaf and fruit yield. When nitrogen concentration were above 28.5 g kg-1（Jan.）, 26.1 g kg-1（Mar.）, 27.1 g kg-1 （May）, 20.7 g kg-1 （Jul.）, fruit yield decreased with the increased of nitrogen content, this critical value may serve as a reference for nitrogen nutrition management of lemon. There was a significantly positive linear correlation between chlorophyll meter reading (CMR) and N concentration of leaf. There was a significantly quadratic correlation between CMR and fruit yield, when CMR were above 65.4（May）, 66.1（Jul.）the yield decreased, and there had a significantly positive linear correlation between CMR and PIA. There was a significantly quadratic correlation between PIA and fruit yield, the relationship between PIA with fruit yield, N concentration of leaf or fruit yield were similar, so using PIA may be able to diagnose nitrogen nutrition status of lemon after technical improve, as one of the basis of nitrogen nutrition management. There were no significantly relation between magnesium or iron concentration of leaf and CMR.
39
Snider, Timothy Allen. "Escherichia coli O157 cattle colonization, the nutritional basis of colonization, and diagnostic probe development /". 2005. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-1335.pdf.
40
Fernandes, Ana Cristina Campos. "How does the choice of the nutritional screening tool and malnutrition diagnosis influence hospital reimbursement?" Bachelor's thesis, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/114530.
41
Lai, Hsiu-Yi, e 賴秀怡. "Using Standard Nutritional Diagnosis in the Nutrition Care Information System Improves the Quality of Nutrition Care Record". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74726138095713864381.
42
Chameroy, Kelly Ann. "Diagnosis and Management of Horses with Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS)". 2010. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/871.
Abstract (sommario):
In horses, a painful and often debilitating disease known as laminitis can result in impaired function and, in severe cases, euthanasia. Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) is a syndrome in horses that results in development of laminitis and is characterized by the presence of general and/or regional adiposity (“cresty neck”), aberrations in blood lipid concentrations, insulin resistance (IR) and/ or hyperinsulinemia. Therapies have focused on improving the state of obesity and insulin resistance with the goal of diminishing the likelihood of laminitis development. A definitive cause for laminitis has not been established, but hyperinsulinemia and IR are likely candidates as experimental states of hyperinsulinemia have been shown to induce laminitis and improvements in insulin sensitivity and obesity have been associated with a decreased risk of laminitis development. This dissertation discusses associations between obesity and IR, as well as potential therapies for alleviating insulin resistance with the ultimate goal of decreasing the risk of developing laminitis. Therapies evaluated included chromium and magnesium, levothyroxine sodium, and metformin hydrochloride. Horses were treated with each supplement for 10 to 36 weeks, depending on the supplement tested, and physical measurements such as body weight, neck circumference, and body condition score were obtained. Throughout each study, blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, and plasma lipids were analyzed. Chromium and magnesium currently do not appear to have any effect on insulin sensitivity, whereas results of levothyroxine administration indicate therapeutic responses, as does metformin, though results indicate further work are required. Research contained in this dissertation focuses on the potential of identifying animals at risk of developing IR and laminitis through measurement of blood biomarkers such as adiponectin and glucagon-like peptide 1. Assays to measure markers included enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blots, and radioimmunoassays. Glucagon-like peptide 1 currently does not appear to differ between healthy and IR animals, but protein band density of high-molecular weight adiponectin does appear to be lower in horses with IR when compared to healthy animals. There is still much to learn about IR in horses, and therapy appears to be dependent on a case by case basis.