Tesi sul tema "Diagnostic de dérive"
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David, Pierre. "Tomography in a linear magnetised plasma". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0045.
Testo completoWhat do satellites thrusters, ions sources, and fusion devices have in common? They all have plasmas with orthogonal electric and magnetic fields and their size, complexity and accessibility often make them hard to be directly studied. Simpler devices, like the linear magnetised plasma device Mistral used during this work, are conceived in order to understand, predict, and eventually control, some of their fundamental mechanisms. To this purpose, a tomography diagnostic is developed. Tomography is a well known diagnostic in tokamaks and stellarators, but remains seldom used in low temperature plasma studies. Its main advantages are to give access to the temporal evolution of a two-dimensional section of the plasma emissivity, and to be non-intrusive. In the frame of this thesis, a tomography diagnostic has been designed from scratch, implemented, calibrated and tested. The first step consists in the adaptation of existing tomography models in this context, and the full development and validation of the associated numerical code. Then, a proof of concept is conducted with a mono-sensor diagnostic using conditional sampling on coherent rotating modes. Following, the development, configuration, and application of the full 128 channels emission tomography diagnostics on Mistral are reported. New insights to characterise coherent rotating modes, such as the evolution of their shape and the behaviour of the core plasma, are given. Additionally, a parametric study of the rotating modes revealed the complex and intricated effect of control parameters on the modes (existence, frequency, and mode number), and the care that has to be put in monitoring many experimental parameters
Berthillier, Frédéric. "Développement de la spectroscopie DRASC femtoseconde à sonde à dérive de fréquence pour la thermométrie haute cadence dans les milieux gazeux réactifs". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMIR24/document.
Testo completoThe experimental study of the physico-chemical processes of combustion requires the use of non-intrusive diagnostics. This manuscript reports the development of the CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering)) laser diagnostic in the femtosecond pulse regime for which the Chirped Pulse Probe (CPP) configuration enabled instantaneous measurements of temperature at 1kHz. A theoretical, numerical and experimental study allowed highlighting the possibility to measure temperature from the data processing of instantaneous DRASC spectra acquired in air/argon mixtures (300-600K) and in premixed flame CH4/Air with an accuracy of 1% at 2100 K. Validity of these results was obtained from numerical/experimental confrontations for different scalar parameters configurations. This study would enable in the near future the application of the CPP fs CARS diagnostic in turbulent flames representative of real flows observed in aeronautical combustion
Chapelin, Julien. "Détection et diagnostic de dérives de processus de production hétérogènes et complexes : proposition d’une approche générique d'intelligence artificielle basée sur l'apprentissage continu". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD026.
Testo completoThis thesis is set in the context of predictive maintenance for heterogeneous production processes, targeting three scientific issues: drift detection without the need for labeled data, drift diagnosis using hybrid methods, and the integration of these activities into an adaptable methodological approach. The first contribution proposes, via a decision logigram, a guided method for selecting the machine learning algorithms best suited to the data via the calculation of indicators. The second contribution presents a hybrid diagnosis, combining binary classifiers and decision trees enriched with expert knowledge, to identify the root causes of drift. Finally, the third contribution develops an integrated methodological approach to process drift detection and diagnosis, incorporating continuous learning steps to enable adaptation to process evolutions. Validated on an industrial process at SEW USOCOME, this approach shows promising results and confirms the relevance of the contributions
Doumiati, Moustapha. "Estimation embarquée des efforts verticaux et latéraux d'un véhicule pour le diagnostic du comportement sur route". Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1823.
Testo completoVehicle dynamics and stability have been of considerable interest to automotive engineers, automobile manufacturers, government, public safety groups, and general public for a number of years. The obvious dilemma is that people naturally desire to drive faster and faster on the roads and highways, yet they expect their vehicles to be ”infinitely” stable and safe during all normal and emergency maneuvers. For the most part, people pay little attention to the limited handling potential of their vehicles until some unusual behavior is observed that often results in fatality. Preventing these accidents requires to know what determines vehicle dynamics during motion. Over the past few decades, vehicle control systems have been developed to enhance vehicle handling and passengers safety. These systems seek to prevent unintended vehicle behavior through active vehicle control, assisting drivers in maintaining control of their vehicles. Unfortunately, these systems are limited by the lack of knowledge of the vehicle’s state and operating conditions. While some vehicle’s states such as yaw rate, wheel speeds, longitudinal and lateral accelerations are currently available from existing ESP system, other fundamental parameters are unmeasurable for both technical and economical reasons. For example, although the vehicle is governed by the forces generated between the tires and the road, knowledge of individual tire/road forces is largely unavailable for current safety systems. Besides, the vehicle’s sideslip angle, which relates its lateral velocity to its longitudinal velocity, is an important stability factor that is also missed for vehicle control systems. If onboard systems had accurate knowledge of body sideslip angle and individual tire forces in each direction (vertical, lateral and longitudinal), control systems could offer stability with the most information maximizing the vehicle’s handling capability in a given maneuver. In this thesis, the reconstruction of indivual tire forces in the vertical and lateral directions, and the evaluation of the vehicle body sideslip angle are covered. This dissertation presents several model-based estimation methods which involve information from currently potential-integrable sensors. First, the lateral load transfer is estimated using a roll model, then vertical forces on each tire are evaluated. Additionally, lateral forces in individual tire and vehicle body sideslip angle are estimated, taking into account the effects of load transfer on the lateral dynamics of the vehicle. The overall approach and the theoretical results are confirmed by implementation on an experimental vehicle while driven on real conditions
Gadji, Macoura. "Caractérisation de deux anneaux dérivés du chromosome 22 découverts en période prénatale à l'aide de techniques de cytogénétique et de génétique moléculaire". Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22427/22427.pdf.
Testo completoObjective: Cytogenetic and molecular genetic characterization of two constitutional ring chromosomes 22 identified during prenatal diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A 39 year-old woman, G4P2A1, had amniocentesis at 163/7 weeks of gestation. Conventional and molecular cytogenetic studies with microsatellite analysis of the fetal and parental cells were performed. Results: The fetus had two ring chromosomes derived from chromosome 22 with three breakpoints: one located at the centromere, another, at the p11.2 subband and the third, at the q13.31 subband. The distal part of the two derivative chromosomes was lost. Then, two rings resulted: a small and a large one. The small ring was formed by joining the end of p11.2 subband to a portion of the centromere; the other by joining the second part of the centromere to the end of q13.31 subband. The male fetus presents the following karyotype: 47,XY,r(22)(p11.1p11.2),+r(22)(q11.1q13.31). The proband’s chromosome aberration occurred de novo from the maternal chromosome. At the autopsy, the fetus showed minor clinical features. The number of fetal nucleated blood cells detected in peripheral maternal circulation, showing positive signals for Y chromosome and DiGeorge/VCF.TUPLE1 probes and absence of ARSA control signal, was 10 cells per mL. Conclusion: Despite the haploinsufficiency of many active genes, the fetus showed minor congenital malformations.
Rendu, Laure. "Pharmacologie et utilisation clinique du chlorure de méthacholinedans le diagnostic de l'asthme". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P184.
Testo completoBrient-Litzler, Elodie. "Biocapteurs fluorescents autonomes dérivés d'ankryines artificielles et bioconjugués pour le diagnostic précoce d'infections flavivirales". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066014.
Testo completoJezequel, Nathalie. "Les dérivés morphiniques : biotransformations-pharmacocinétique, toxicologie analytique, application au dépistage des conduites toxicophiles". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P170.
Testo completoBöhm, Christian. "Diagnostics et modélisation des décharges radiofréquences dans le silane et l'hélium". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EPXX0025.
Testo completoDelaine, Florentin. "Étalonnage in situ de l'instrumentation bas coût pour la mesure de grandeurs ambiantes : méthode d'évaluation des algorithmes et diagnostic des dérives". Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX075.
Testo completoIn various fields going from agriculture to public health, ambient quantities have to be monitored in indoors or outdoors areas. For example, temperature, air pollutants, water pollutants, noise and so on have to be tracked. To better understand these various phenomena, an increase of the density of measuring instruments is currently necessary. For instance, this would help to analyse the effective exposure of people to nuisances such as air pollutants.The massive deployment of sensors in the environment is made possible by the decreasing costs of measuring systems, mainly using sensitive elements based on micro or nano technologies. The drawback of this type of instrumentation is a low quality of measurement, consequently lowering the confidence in produced data and/or a drastic increase of the instrumentation costs due to necessary recalibration procedures or periodical replacement of sensors.There are multiple algorithms in the literature offering the possibility to perform the calibration of measuring instruments while leaving them deployed in the field, called in situ calibration techniques.The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the research effort on the improvement of data quality for low-cost measuring instruments through their in situ calibration.In particular, we aim at 1) facilitating the identification of existing in situ calibration strategies applicable to a sensor network depending on its properties and the characteristics of its instruments; 2) helping to choose the most suitable algorithm depending on the sensor network and its context of deployment; 3) improving the efficiency of in situ calibration strategies through the diagnosis of instruments that have drifted in a sensor network.Three main contributions are made in this work. First, a unified terminology is proposed to classify the existing works on in situ calibration. The review carried out based on this taxonomy showed there are numerous contributions on the subject, covering a wide variety of cases. Nevertheless, the classification of the existing works in terms of performances was difficult as there is no reference case study for the evaluation of these algorithms.Therefore in a second step, a framework for the simulation of sensors networks is introduced. It is aimed at evaluating in situ calibration algorithms. A detailed case study is provided across the evaluation of in situ calibration algorithms for blind static sensor networks. An analysis of the influence of the parameters and of the metrics used to derive the results is also carried out. As the results are case specific, and as most of the algorithms recalibrate instruments without evaluating first if they actually need it, an identification tool enabling to determine the instruments that are actually faulty in terms of drift would be valuable.Consequently, the third contribution of this thesis is a diagnosis algorithm targeting drift faults in sensor networks without making any assumption on the kind of sensor network at stake. Based on the concept of rendez-vous, the algorithm allows to identify faulty instruments as long as one instrument at least can be assumed as non-faulty in the sensor network. Across the investigation of the results of a case study, we propose several means to reduce false results and guidelines to adjust the parameters of the algorithm. Finally, we show that the proposed diagnosis approach, combined with a simple calibration technique, enables to improve the quality of the measurement results. Thus, the diagnosis algorithm opens new perspectives on in situ calibration
Idellette, Judith Hermine Som. "Synthèse d'observateurs à dérivées partielles pour le diagnostic de défauts des systèmes de distribution de flux". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10024.
Testo completoDistribution flow networks are modeled by linear or nonlinear systems of balance laws. The monitoring of these networks (Faults detection and isolation) requires knowledge of certain state variables. However, in most cases it is not possible to measure all the state variables. Observers based on the partial differential equations which modelize the network dynamic can be used to provide state estimates. In this dissertation, the observability of the hyperbolic systems is first studied and then classical and robust PDE observers with injection of the state estimation error at boundaries or in the system dynamics are proposed. These observers provide on-line estimation of signals that are not measured. The estimation is used for the diagnosis of distribution flow systems. The performance of the observers and the diagnosis approach are validated on real flow data collected from the water distribution system (WDS) of Polytech’Lille (Cité scientifique, University of Lille 1 Sciences and Technologies), within the framework of the SUNRISESMART CITY Project. Data which are taken from the WDS in the absence and in the presence ofleakeage are used
Karramkam, Mylène. "Synthèse et marquage de dérivés du Vérapamil : des radiopharmaceutiques potentiels pour le diagnostic de la chimiorésistance". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10070.
Testo completoSundborg, Maude. "Diagnostic d'érosion hydrique dans un bassin versant agricole au moyen d'indices topographiques dérivés d'un relevé lidar aéroporté". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2599.
Testo completoFavier, Arnaud. "Synthèse d'architectures (co)polymères contrôlées par le procédé RAFT en vue d'applications dans le diagnostic biologique et le transfert de gènes". Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10227.
Testo completoBelmiloud, Mohamed. "Outil d'aide à l'analyse d'huile pour le diagnostic de défauts des transformateurs". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT085.
Testo completoThe scope of this thesis was designed to contribute to solving the transformer monitoring problem of monitoring of transformers by analyses oil. The methodology and the results presented are based on concrete cases of assessed de-tanked transformers and oil analysis laboratory. The rules of diagnosis for physicochemical quantities have been established for each electrical equipment and for each type of fluid. These rules showed the importance of the sampling parameters, the method of analysis and the design of the transformer and especially the significance of the on load tap changer. A link between analysis, defect and origin of the defect was established which is the basis of the proposed diagnosis tool. Thanks to the chemical analyses, this tool enables to identify potential defects in the transformer and reveals some origins of failures
Kissi, Adelaïde. "Equations aux dérivées partielles et classification non exclusive pour l'analyse d'images échographiques de contraste". Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR3306.
Testo completoColorectal carcinoma is a prevalent disease in Europe and United States. Despite of progress in detection, the prognosis of survival is weak : over 50% of patients will survive for five years, with the majority dying within the first two years. More than 30 % of carcinoma spread in liver, from overt micro metastasis, due to specific drainage of blood or to specific liver cells. The particular vascularization of liver by two different systems ( hepatic artery and portal vein) implies some changes in the balance between these two systems during the development of tumour. It is often accepted that for small liver lesions ( below 1 mm), blood supply is provided by portal vein. But, with the growing up of these tumours, an arterial supply is required entailing increase in arterial blood flow. It is therefore essential to depict these blood flow changes to detect and characterize lesions by imaging this specific vascularization. An early detection and a precise quantification of their vascularization would improve the diagnosis. Various methods could be used for this application. One of them is the Doppler sonography that allows the depiction of vascularity but is limited by its lack of sensibility and specifity. The nonlinear imaging, a contrast specific imaging technique, overcomes theses limitations, by the use of ultrasound contrast agents (microbubbles), improving tumours detection and characterization. As they are strictly intravascular, a perfect image of micro as macro vascularization can be made providing a quantitative study of perfusion. Thus, the purpose of my thesis was to quantify the liver arterial perfusion from the analysis of the image enhancement, in power Doppler mode, after an injection of ultrasound contrast agents. The perfusion has been estimated, in a regional basis (often the lesion), to extract physiological parameters in this area with two methods: a fully-automated tracking of lesion in image sequences via a segmentation based on a modification of the well known fuzzy competitive agglomerative clustering coupled with an anisotropic diffusion and a region of interest repositioning with optical flow estimation from structure tensor field. The method has been tested on varied lesions (metastasis, adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia) and the results show that the assessment of lesion vascularization from our segmentation process can potentially be used for the diagnostic of liver carcinoma
Valette, Florence de. "Synthèse et évaluation biologique de 2'-désoxy-4'-thio-L-nucléosides et de pronucléotides correspondants. Synthèse de 4'-thio-oligoribonucléotides (4'-S-ARN)". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20025.
Testo completoNguyen, Anh. "Synthèse et évaluation biologique de nouveaux dérivés organométalliques du tamoxifène pour le diagnostic et le traitement du cancer du sein". Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003191.
Testo completoRenaud, Denis. "Caractérisation du propulseur PEGASES : diagnostics du filtre magnétique et du faisceau : optimisation de la géométrie". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2018/document.
Testo completoThe PEGASES ion thruster differs from standard electric propulsion technologies through its use of electronegative gases, such as SF₆, as a propellant. Its operation relies on the trapping of electrons using a magnetic field and the creation of a plasma dominated by positive and negative ions. These ions are alternately accelerated to produce thrust, and later undergo a recombination to ensure beam neutrality. This thruster eliminates the need for an electron-producing neutralizer, which is a standard feature in other sources such as the Hall thruster. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first describes the development and implementation of a new EXB probe for the study of the ion beam properties, the identification of the beam chemical composition and the verification of the presence of negative and positive ion species. The second part concerns the design and application of a new laser photodetachment diagnostic for the measurement of the negative ion fraction. Lastly, a new ion-ion thruster with a circular geometry, known as AIPE, has been designed, constructed and successfully tested. This prototype eliminates the plasma asymmetry present in PEGASES and reveals the importance of the magnetic filter to source operation
Andrieu, Michel. "Revêtements sur acier par PACVD radiofréquence et micro-onde : diagnostic de la phase gazeuse et optimisation de la tenue mécanique". Perpignan, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PERP0267.
Testo completoBerrada, Sara. "Synthèse de dérivés génotoxiques permettant la quantification des pontages interbrins et l’identification de défaut de réparation chez le patient atteint de l’anémie de Fanconi". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0145.
Testo completoInter-strand crosslink (ICL) are formed by covalent link between two nucleotides located on opposite strands of DNA. This physical link blocks the replication and transcription mechanisms. Because of this mode of action, BIPs-inducing agents are highly toxic to abnormally proliferating cells, which makes them very effective drugs for the treatment of cancers. However, their use is limited by the occurrence of severe side effects resulting in organ failure due to excessive accumulation of ICLs. This may be caused by insufficient repair capacity which will result in healthy cell death upon exposure to ICLs and organ failure.In order to identify the origin of insufficient repair in these patients, a comprehensive knowledge of ICLs repair is required. To date, many repair pathways have been described, but steps in the repair process are still unknown. A direct detection of ICLs would allow to answer these questions. However, the currently available techniques suffer from various limitations and a direct detection of ICLs, at the cellular level and/or in organs, is challenging.During my thesis, I modified two ICLs inducing agents. One is currently used in chemotherapy and the second one has completed a phase II clinical trial. I demonstrated that these modified agents show unchanged cytotoxicity and ability to induce ICLs compared to unmodified agents. I validated their detectability by microscopy as well as by FACS and demonstrated that they could be used to measure ICL repair in different cell lines
Lambert, Breghot du Lut Bertrand de. "Synthèse de copolymères à blocs amphiphiles via le procédé RAFT, utilisables comme support de synthèse oligonucléotidique : applications à des tests de diagnostic sur puces à ADN". Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10219.
Testo completoBorderies, Hélène. "Synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux complexes de Gd vectorisés à partir de dérivés du PIB pour le diagnostic précoce par IRM de la maladie d'Alzeihmer". Paris, CNAM, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CNAM0581.
Testo completoWith the aim of developing a novel kinetically and thermodynamically stable amphiphilic IRM contrast agent with high relaxivity, a Gd PCTA-[12] (3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9. 3. 1]- pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-3,6,9-triacetic acid) derivative bearing a dodecyl chain as lipophilic moiety has been prepared in eight steps with 15 % overall yield, from commercially available starting materials. This Gd(III) complex is able of self-organization by forming micelles in aqueous solution with a relatively low critical micellar concentration (CMC), about 0. 17 mM at 37 °C and 20 MHz. 1H-Relaxometric measurement were carried out in aqueous solution without and in presence of various anions in order to approach physiological conditions, and in seronorm to evaluate HSA interactions. From monomer to micellar form, the T1-relaxivity of an aqueous solution of the Gd(III) complex increased from 16 to 33 mM 1. S-1 at 37 °C and 20 MHz, that is high values compared to these previously described for others Gd(III) complexes. RMND studies were also carried out. Then, eight new IRM Gd PCTA-[12] derivatives contrast agents vectorized by PIB (N methyl-2-(4-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole) derivatives were amyloïd plaques, a pathologicalsynthesized and evaluated for imaging feature appearing in the first stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Two of them were found to have, in competition with radioiodinated SB 13 ligand ((E)-4-(4-(methylamino)styryl) phenol), moderate affinity for aggregates, with Ki = 39 and 186 nM. 1H-Relaxometric 24-1[bêta]synthetic A measurement were carried out for one of them. A high T1-relaxivity (10. 7 mM-1. S-1) value was obtained compared to those described for Gd PCTA (5. 4 mM-1. S-1) at 37 °C and 20 MHz
Monge-Darcos, Sophie. "Synthèse de ligands multifonctionnels radio-marqués contenant le 2-nitroimidazole pour la détection de tissus et tumeurs hypoxiques". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20094.
Testo completoKorifi, Rabia. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de traitement des signaux analytiques : application aux signaux chromatographiques. Analyse de mélanges complexes". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4323.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the creation of an expert system for automatic alignment of chromatographic signals in response to a problem of drifts and shifts of signals encountered in the inter-comparison of data in evolving environment. After a state of the art of the different alignment methods that exist in the literature, the performances of freely available methods were tested on sets of simulated and real chromatographic data. At the end of this methodical work, it turned out that none of the methods did not provide fully satisfactory in terms of performance defined in the specification. Thus, an optimization of the best alignment method has been developed so that it can be attached to a software acquisition and processing of chromatographic data. The last part of this thesis deals with a complementary problem, the conformity of the samples in terms of quality control. The similarity of the peaks is evaluated according to criteria developed and validated by manual operation data
Korifi, Rabia. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de traitement des signaux analytiques : application aux signaux chromatographiques. Analyse de mélanges complexes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4323.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the creation of an expert system for automatic alignment of chromatographic signals in response to a problem of drifts and shifts of signals encountered in the inter-comparison of data in evolving environment. After a state of the art of the different alignment methods that exist in the literature, the performances of freely available methods were tested on sets of simulated and real chromatographic data. At the end of this methodical work, it turned out that none of the methods did not provide fully satisfactory in terms of performance defined in the specification. Thus, an optimization of the best alignment method has been developed so that it can be attached to a software acquisition and processing of chromatographic data. The last part of this thesis deals with a complementary problem, the conformity of the samples in terms of quality control. The similarity of the peaks is evaluated according to criteria developed and validated by manual operation data
Alatorre, Vazquez Angel Gabriel. "Robust estimation of dynamics behavior and driving diagnosis applied to an intelligent MAGV". Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2554.
Testo completoThe context of this thesis is the improvement of road safety through the development of active safety systems. One challenge in the development of active safety systems is obtaining accurate information about unmeasurable vehicle dynamic states. Specifically, the necessity to estimate the vertical load, frictional forces at each wheel (longitudinal and lateral), and also the sideslip angle at the center of gravity. These states are the critical parameters for optimizing the control of a vehicle’s stability. If the vertical load on each tire can be estimated, then the risk of rollover can be evaluated. Estimating tire lateral forces can help to reduce lateral slip and prevent dangerous situations like spinning and drifting out the road. Tire longitudinal forces influence the performance of a vehicle. Sideslip angle is one of the essential parameters for controlling the lateral dynamics of a vehicle. However, the different technologies that the market offers, are not based on tire-ground forces due to the lack of cost-effective methods for obtaining the required information. For the above mentioned reasons, we want to develop a system that monitors these dynamic vehicle states using only low-cost sensors. To accomplish our endeavor, we propose developing novel observers to estimate unmeasured states. Constructing an observer that met the reliability, robustness and accuracy requirements is not an easy task. It requires one the one hand, accurate and efficient models, and on the other hand, robust estimation algorithms that take into account variations in parameters and measurement errors. The present thesis has consequently been structured around the following two aspects: modeling of vehicle dynamics, and design of observers. Under the heading of modeling, we propose new models to describe vehicle dynamics. Current models simplify the vehicle motion as a planar motion. In our proposal, our models describe vehicle motion as a 3D motion, including the effects of road inclination. Regarding vertical dynamics, we propose incorporating the suspension deflection to calculate the transfer of vertical load. Regarding lateral dynamics, we propose a model for the lateral forces transfer to describe the interaction between the left wheel and the right wheel. With this relationship, the lateral force on each tire is computed without using the sideslip angle. Similarly, for longitudinal dynamics, we also propose a model for the transfer of longitudinal forces to calculate the longitudinal force at each tire. Under the heading of observer design, we propose a novel observation system consisting of four individual observers connected in cascade. The four observers are developed for estimating vertical tire force, lateral tire force, longitudinal tire force, and sideslip angle, respectively. For the linear system, the Kalman filter is employed, while for the nonlinear system, the EKF applied to reduce estimation errors. Finally, we implement our algorithm in an experimental vehicle to perform estimation in real-time, and we validate our proposed algorithm using experimental data
Chouchou, Adrien. "Développement préclinique de dérivés imidazo [1,2-a] quinoxaliniques à visée anticancéreuse : synthèse chimique, formulation galénique et validation de méthode de dosage en milieu biologique". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT034/document.
Testo completoThe project relates to heterocyclic molecules, low molecular weight, having cytotoxic activities similar to those presented by the best anticancer agents currently on the market. These molecules are originals, protected by an international patent and a selection patent filed in December 2014. The synthesis of the first molecules leader is under control and the exemplification of molecular diversity is underway. Studies to define their activity profile allow to identify quite original features. The project, in its academic preclinical development phase, enabled the identification of leader’s compounds with potential for development as anticancer. The exact mechanism of the molecules developed is still under study and will determine whether there is a single or multiple mode of action. Several series leads were identified with apparently different modes of action. Indeed, compounds EAPB0203 and EAPB0503 show a dose effect from 1 µM on tubulin polymerization but compound EAPB02303, the more active on A375 cell line (IC50 = 10 nM, ten times to hundred times more active than the preceding two), shows no binding to tubulin at a dose of 1 µM suggesting a different and original mechanism of action. The research topic presented concerns the preclinical development of these anticancer molecules. The first line of work was to develop a galenic formulation of EAPB0503 in the form of lipid nanocapsules. To optimize the bioavailability of the compounds, without losing their intrinsic activity, we achieved chemical modulation on the most active structure Imiqualines: EAPB02303. To improve the overall balance hydrophilic / lipophilic (HLB) of compounds derived from EAPB02303, we considered grafting amino acids on position 4. Finally, the development of a method for assaying EAPB02303 and EAPB02302 in plasma for a pharmacokinetic study has been the final focus of the thesis work
David, Elodie. "Conception rationnelle, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d’inhibiteurs de la Kallicréine 8 (neuropsine) : application thérapeutique dans la maladie d’Alzheimer et les démences associées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS573.pdf.
Testo completoAlzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. However, to date, there is no treatment or pre-mortem diagnosis. One of the challenges of research into this disease is to diagnose it before the apparition of irreversible symptoms, and thus prevent its progression. A new hypothesis is that kallikrein 8 (KLK8) or neuropsin, a major serine protease of the central nervous system, is involved in the development of various pathophysiological pathways associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, despite growing interest in this target, no potential therapeutic inhibitor had been identified at the beginning of the thesis. Iron dyshomeostasis is also a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. After an initial broad-spectrum screening, we identified two series of chemical compounds, 1,2,4-triazoles and N,N,N-triacylamines, which efficiently inhibit KLK8. We set out to rationally design and synthesize the first organic KLK8 inhibitors using pharmacomodulations, and then to characterize their mechanism of inhibition. For each series, a structure-activity relationship study was carried out with the aim of optimizing inhibitory potency, and the inhibitors' selectivity towards other serine proteases was also assessed. Hence, N,N,N-triacylamines showed very good affinity towards KLK8, while derived from deferasirox inhibited KLK8 with moderate affinity, but simultaneously exhibited iron chelation properties. In conclusion, this thesis work has identified two original chemical series constituting the first reported KLK8 inhibitors and a basis for the optimization of new generations of multifunctional compounds
Garcia, Stephan. "Etude de deux nairovirus de la famille des Bunyaviridae, virus Hazara et virus de la fièvre hémorragique de Crimée-Congo : induction et analyse de la résistance antivirale liée à un phénomène de résistance dérivée du pathogène dans les cellules de tiques et développement d'outils moléculaires pour le diagnostic". Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20656.
Testo completoThis manuscript presents the different studies that we have conducted on two nairoviruses, Hazara virus and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). We have used recombinant Semliki forest virus replicon to induce and study a pathogen-derived resistance against Hazara virus in tick cells. We showed that the resistance is directly linked to a phenomenon associated with RNA interference induced in the tick cells and we have detected two markers of this interference: a specific ribonucleasic activity and specific siRNAs. We have then set up an original system using a reporter gene to induce RNA inference in tick cells and to study of viral suppressors of RNA interference. In the last part of our work, we have developed tools to diagnose the CCHFV infection. We have set up two methods to diagnostic an infection, based on the use of a recombinant antigen or on the real-time quantification of viral nucleic acids. We have validated the recombinant antigen to detect specific antibodies against CCHFV in human and animal sera from Iran and we showed that this recombinant antigen is as sensitive and specific as a native antigen produced in infected cell cultures
Fradet, Mathieu. "Analyse des processus de dérive lors de la gravure profonde du silicium dans des plasmas SF6 et C4F8". Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11624.
Testo completoThe purpose of this master thesis is to develop non-invasive diagnostic tools for in-situ characterization of process drifts in an industrial reactor used in production for deep silicon etching by the Bosch process. This process alternates between a SF6 plasma for isotropic Si etching and a C4F8 plasma for sidewall passivation to achieve deep and narrow trenches. In this context, a current-voltage probe was installed on the rf transmission line to the substrate holder for impedance studies and an optical spectrometer for plasma optical emission spectroscopy. We have shown that the time evolution of the impedance represents an excellent tool for monitoring changes in the process dynamics, including the complete removal of the photoresist due to process drifts. In addition, based on emission spectroscopy, we have demonstrated that carbon products are released from the substrate and reactor walls during etching. A « spinning-wall » reactor was also developed for in-situ analysis of plasma-wall interactions. The main objective of our work on this reactor was to characterize the time evolution of the population of reactive neutrals and positive ions by plasma sampling mass spectrometry. Over the range of experimental conditions investigated, the percent dissociation of SF6 was 45%, while the one of C4F8 was 70%. SF6 was mostly dissociated in F and SF3, with SF3+ as the dominant ion. C4F8 is essentially fragmented in CF, CF3 and CF4 with many significant ions. In both cases, the dissociation chain remained incomplete. An important desorption of CF4 from the reactor walls was observed when going from passivation to etching cycles. A plasma-wall interaction model was proposed to explain such observation.
Levac, Xavier. "Évaluation de l'innocuité et de l'efficacité d'un dérivé synthétique marqué de l'adrénomédulline dans l'imagerie moléculaire pulmonaire chez l'humain". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20257.
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