Articoli di riviste: "Deterioration"

1

Morin, Leona. "Deterioration". Illness, Crisis & Loss 3, n. 1 (gennaio 1993): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/il3.1.k.

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Brown, Stephen. "Deterioration". Epilepsia 47, s2 (novembre 2006): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00682.x.

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Sarbjit, Singh. "Analysis of Economic Order Quantity Model for Perishable Items Whose Deterioration Starts After Some Fixed Time". International Journal of Productivity Management and Assessment Technologies 2, n. 2 (luglio 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpmat.2014040101.

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This paper deals with an optimal replenishment policy for the items having deterministic demand and whose deterioration starts after some fixed time. In earlier studies, it had been assumed that the deterioration of items starts immediately after the procurement, but it's not necessary in most of the cases. For instance, food grains will not start deteriorating immediately after procurement; most of the industrial products also start deteriorating only after some fixed time. Thus, this study removes this unrealistic assumption and considers items whose deterioration starts after some fixed time. The impact of deterioration on cost and how it will impact cycle time has been illustrated in this study. Complete analysis of the proposed model has been done with both optimizing and numerical techniques.

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Qin, T., H. Yu, S. Dai e P. Zhang. "STUDY ON DETERIORATION OF HISTORIC MASONRY IN THE FORBIDDEN CITY IN BEIJING AIDED BY GIS". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (28 agosto 2021): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-585-2021.

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Abstract. The Forbidden city in Beijing is one of the first culture heritage to be listed as UNESCO World Heritage in 1987. The mass and complexity of this imperial palace brings challenges to scientific surveys and documentations. This graduation project adopted the technology of GIS to record, evaluate and analyze historic masonry and their deteriorations across the palace. Aided by ArcGIS, the deterioration degree of every accessible masonry element was accurately and efficiently evaluated and recorded, as well as connected to its precise location among the Forbidden City. All accessible masonry elements in Forbidden City were divided into different types as buildings, walls, foundations, and stairs. The common deteriorations of masonry in Forbidden City were defined and graded according to their degree of severity so that the deterioration was quantified, and a database was established. Before the survey, the mechanism of masonry deterioration in the Forbidden City was presumed to be related to several possible factors. Adopting ArcGIS to set up a database enabled to visualize the distribution of masonry deterioration in the site and lead to a preliminary conclusion, as well as a further mathematic analysis of the data to better understand the cause of deterioration.

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Mishra, Vinod. "Controllable deterioration rate for time-dependent demand and time-varying holding cost". Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 24, n. 1 (2014): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor120823018m.

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In this paper, we develop an inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items under the consideration of the facts: deterioration rate can be controlled by using the preservation technology (PT) during deteriorating period, and holding cost and demand rate both are linear function of time, which was treated as constant in most of the deteriorating inventory models. So in this paper, we developed a deterministic inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in which both demand rate and holding cost are a linear function of time, deterioration rate is constant, backlogging rate is variable and depend on the length of the next replenishment, shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The model is solved analytically by minimizing the total cost of the inventory system. The model can be applied to optimizing the total inventory cost of non-instantaneous deteriorating items inventory for the business enterprises, where the preservation technology is used to control the deterioration rate, and demand & holding cost both are a linear function of time.

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Naserabadi, Bahar, Abolfazl Mirzazadeh e Sara Nodoust. "A New Mathematical Inventory Model with Stochastic and Fuzzy Deterioration Rate under Inflation". Chinese Journal of Engineering 2014 (14 agosto 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/347857.

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This paper develops an inventory model for items with uncertain deterioration rate, time-dependent demand rate with nonincreasing function, and allowable shortage under fuzzy inflationary situation. The goods are not deteriorating upon reception, but the deteriorating starts after elapsing a specified time. The lead time and inflation rate are both uncertain in the model. The resultant effect of inflation and time value of money is assumed to be fuzzy in nature and also we consider lead time as a fuzzy function of order quantity. Furthermore the following different deterioration rates have been considered: for the first case we consider fuzzy deterioration rate and for the second case we assume that the deterioration rate is time dependent and follows Weibull distribution with three known parameters. Since the inflation rate, deterioration rate, and the lead time are fuzzy numbers, the objective function becomes fuzzy. Therefore the estimate of total costs for each case is derived using signed distance technique for defuzzification. The optimal replenishment policy for the model is to minimize the total present value of inventory system costs, derived for both the above mentioned policies. Numerical examples are then presented to illustrate how the proposed model is applied.

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Du Plessis, M. C. F. "Soil deterioration". Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 5, n. 3 (18 marzo 1986): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v5i3.987.

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The nan-agricultural activities of man compete with agriculture for land. The demands on land made by increasing urban, industrial, mining, recreation and other developments, and the attendant infrastructure - largely the result of a fast-growing population - leave an ever-shrinking area for producing food and fibre. Higher yields per unit will be required in future. Land use selection will need to be based strictly on information provided by impact studies which predict the effects that various uses will have on agriculture. A long-term master plan for land use in the R.S.A. is needed.

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Sprinks, Jennifer. "Patient deterioration". Emergency Nurse 22, n. 9 (9 febbraio 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.22.9.17.s17.

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ERGİN, Şefika, Berfin GÖKDEMİR, Seyhan YARDIMLI e Murat DAL. "DETERIORATION ON THE STONE SURFACES OF THE DIYARBAKIR NEBI MOSQUE". INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, n. 27 (2022): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.27.01.

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Aim: The study aims to determine the types of deterioration that occur in natural stones of the Nebi Mosque, and the effects that cause them to deteriorate, and to draw attention to the importance of protecting the building. The scope of the study is constituted by the findings obtained by observation-based research in light of the current literature. Method: In the study, the deteriorations observed in the basalt stone and limestone of the Diyarbakır Nebi Mosque were examined by photographing in-situ. In addition to the photographs, the types of deterioration on the facades were processed using the mapping method and the areas of the stone surfaces affected by the deterioration types were calculated. The obtained numerical data were used to compare the degradation types quantitatively. Findings: In the stone materials of the building, physicomechanical deterioration such as crack formation, alveolization, and abrasion, which are frequently observed in hot-dry climates, were found. In addition to physicomechanical deterioration, chemical deterioration types such as corrosion, black crust formation, efflorescence/salt crystallization, and microkarst formation and deterioration caused by biological effects were observed. Deterioration caused by faulty repairs examined in the category of anthropogenic deterioration also constitutes the damage observed in the building. In addition to the deterioration detected in the study, it is among the findings to reveal the factors that cause deterioration, such as humidity, wind, air pollution, and faulty repair. Results: Diyarbakır Nebi Mosque, which is a historical and cultural heritage, is damaged by natural stone deterioration due to environmental factors. In the study, the technical properties of basalt and limestone forming the structure were determined and the types of deterioration were included. Attention was drawn to the structure and awareness was tried to be created about taking the necessary measures.

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Zhu, Zhanguo, Jinlin Li e Chengbin Chu. "Multitasking Scheduling Problems with Deterioration Effect". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4750791.

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Multitasking scheduling problems with a deterioration effect incurred by coexisting behavioral phenomena in human-related scheduling systems including deteriorating task processing times and deteriorating rate-modifying activity (DRMA) of human operators are addressed. Under the assumption of this problem, the processing of a selected task suffers from the joint effect of available but unfinished waiting tasks, the position-dependent deterioration of task processing time, and the DRMA of human operators. Traditionally, these issues have been considered separately; herein, we address their integration. We propose optimal algorithms to solve the problems to minimize makespan and the total absolute differences in completion time, respectively. Based on the analysis, some special cases and extensions are also discussed.

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Zhou, Binghai, Faqun Qi e Hongyu Tao. "Condition-based maintenance modeling for a two-stage deteriorating system with random changes based on stochastic process". Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 23, n. 4 (9 ottobre 2017): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-11-2015-0061.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a condition-based maintenance (CBM) model for those systems subject to the two-stage deterioration including a deterioration pitting initiation process and a deterioration pitting growth process. Design/methodology/approach Regarding environmental changes as random shocks, the effect of environmental changes on the deterioration process is considered. Then, non-homogeneous Poison process and non-stationary gamma process are introduced to model the deterioration pitting initiation process and the deterioration pitting growth process, respectively. Finally, based on the deterioration model, a CBM policy is put forward to obtain the optimal inspection interval by minimizing the expected maintenance cost rate. Numerical simulations are given to optimize the performance of the deteriorating system. Meanwhile, comparisons between a single-stage deterioration model and a two-stage deterioration model are conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. Findings The result of simulation verifies that the deterioration rate is not constant in the life cycle and is affected by the environment. Furthermore, the result shows that the two-stage deterioration model proposed makes up for the shortage of single-stage deterioration models and can effectively reduce system failures and unreasonable maintenance caused by optimistic prediction using single-stage deterioration models. Practical implications In practical situations, except for normal deterioration caused by internal factors, many systems are also greatly influenced by the random shocks during operation, which are probably caused by the environmental changes. What is more, most systems have self-protection ability in some extent that protects them to keep running as new ones for some time. Under such circumstances, the two-stage deterioration model proposed can effectively reduce system failures and unreasonable maintenance caused by optimistic prediction using single-stage deterioration models. In the combination with the bootstrap estimation, the paper obtains the life distributions with approximate 95 percent confidence intervals which can provide valuable information for practical system maintenance scheduling. Originality/value This paper presents a new CBM model for those systems subject to the two-stage deterioration including a deterioration pitting initiation process and a deterioration pitting growth process. Considering the effect of the environmental change on the system deterioration process, a two-stage deterioration model with environmental change factors is proposed to describe the system deterioration.

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Madugu, Aisha Ahmed, Babangida Bature, Ibrahim M. Idris e Mustapha Malumfashi Lawal. "An Order Quantity Model for Delayed Deteriorating Items with Time-varying Demand Rate and Holding Cost, Complete Backlogging Rate and Two-level Pricing Strategies under Trade Credit Policy". UMYU Scientifica 2, n. 3 (30 settembre 2023): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.2323.022.

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In some classical inventory models for non-instantaneous deteriorating items, it is tacitly assumed that the selling price before and after deterioration sets in is the same. However, in real practice, when deterioration sets in, the retailer may decide to reduce the selling price to encourage more sales, reduce the cost of holding stock, attract new customers and reduce losses due to deterioration. This research developed an economic order quantity model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with two-phase demand rates, linear holding cost, complete backlogging rate and two-level pricing strategies under trade credit policy. It is assumed that the holding cost is linear time-dependent, the unit selling price before deterioration sets in is greater than that after deterioration sets and the demand rate before deterioration sets in is considered as continuous time-dependent quadratic, after which it is considered as constant up to when the inventory is completely exhausted. Shortages are allowed and completely backlogged. The proposed model determines the optimal time with positive inventory, cycle length and order quantity such that the total profit of the inventory system has a maximum value. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of optimal solutions have been established. Numerical experiments have been conducted to illustrate the theoretical result of the model. Sensitivity analysis of some model parameters on the decision variables has been carried out, and suggestions towards maximising the total profit were also given.

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Li, Junxiang, Jianqiao Chen e Zhiqiang Chen. "A new cumulative damage model for time-dependent reliability analysis of deteriorating structures". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 234, n. 2 (20 novembre 2019): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x19886157.

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Performance and reliability of structures will deteriorate with the effects of loads, environment, and interior factors of materials. In this article, a novel cumulative damage model is developed for time-dependent reliability analysis of deteriorating structures. The deterioration is a combination of three stochastic processes: the gradual deterioration posed by aging effects, the sudden deterioration caused by transient loads, and the additional deterioration introduced by sustained loads. The aging effect is modeled as a gamma process, while the transient load is described by a Poisson process. The sustained load is modeled by a stationary binomial process and a Poisson square wave process, respectively. The load threshold for three different scenarios are all considered and applied to not only the transient loads but also the sustained loads. The time-dependent reliability of deteriorating structures is then evaluated based on this model via semi-analytical methods or numerical simulation methods. Three numerical examples and an example involving a natural gas pipeline are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model for computing the time-dependent reliability.

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Huang, Ming-Guan. "Economic ordering model for deteriorating items with random demand and deterioration". International Journal of Production Research 51, n. 18 (settembre 2013): 5612–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2013.791753.

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Jones, D., J. Holmes, J. Currey, E. Fugaccia, A. J. Psirides, M. Y. Singh, G. J. Fennessy et al. "Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Rapid Response Systems and Medical Emergency Teams". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 45, n. 4 (luglio 2017): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x1704500416.

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Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) have been introduced into hospitals worldwide in an effort to improve the outcomes of deteriorating hospitalised patients. Recently, there has been increased awareness of the need to develop systems other than RRTs for deteriorating patients. In May 2016, the 12th International Conference on Rapid Response Systems and Medical Emergency Teams was held in Melbourne. This represented a collaboration between the newly constituted International Society for Rapid Response Systems (iSRRS) and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society. The conference program included broad ranging presentations related to general clinical deterioration in the acute care setting, as well as deterioration in the emergency department, during pregnancy, in the paediatric setting, and deterioration in mental health status. This article briefly summarises the key features of the conference, links to presentations, and the 18 abstracts of the accepted free papers.

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KAWAMURA, Shoichi, Keisuke SHIMAMOTO e Takeshi KAWAGOE. "FORCED DETERIORATION EXPERIMENTS AND DETERIORATION RATE OF KIMACHI SANDSTONE". Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. C (Geosphere Engineering) 77, n. 4 (2021): 348–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejge.77.4_348.

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Huang, Rong Yau, e Ping Fu Chen. "The Influential Factors and Association Rules for Bridge Deck Deterioration - Case Study of National Bridge Inventory Data". Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (settembre 2011): 2276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.2276.

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Bridge is the hub of a road, playing an important role in transportation. With the age of bridges increasing in recent years, the condition of bridges is deteriorating. Bridge deterioration usually results from multiple factors. Studies in exploring the factors leading to bridge deterioration and its state estimation are booming. However, studies in the relationship between bridge deterioration and external environment by using database are still limited. Since 1992, National Bridge Inventory (NBI) has collected basic and historical information of bridges in every state, a very rich database which should include some valuable knowledge. Hence, through clustering and classifying in data mining, this study explores association rules for bridge deterioration, which is displayed in decision tree with clear routes for reference. Using association rules developed by thus study, bridge maintenance personnel can understand the future state of the bridge under their jurisdiction, respond to risks and costs of bridge deterioration, extend the service life of bridges, and protect the safety of road users.

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Patel, Hetal, e Ajay Gor. "Salvage value and three variable Weibull deteriorating rate for non-instantaneous deteriorating items". Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 12, n. 05 (3 settembre 2019): 1950070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557119500700.

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Existing study gives ordering policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items having three-variable Weibull distribution deterioration rate. Demand rate varies in different time interval. Before deterioration starts, demand is constant and after that it decreases exponentially with respect to time. The study considers total cost function as objective function including salvage value. Shortages are not allowed to stay in time-based competition. Results are proved theoretically and numerically. Sensitivity analysis is performed with respect to salvage value, scale parameter, shape parameter and location parameter including in deterioration rate function to show the liability of the model.

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Mondol, Manik, M. Forhad Uddin e M. S. Hossain. "Estimation of inventory for deteriorating items with non-linear demand considering discount and without discount policy". Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 13, n. 2 (29 dicembre 2016): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v13i2.23905.

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This paper develops an inventory model for deteriorating items consisting the ordering cost, unit cost, opportunity cost, deterioration cost and shortage cost. In this inventory model instead of linear demand function nonlinear exponential function of time for deteriorating items with deterioration rate has been considered. The effects of inflation and cash flow are also taken into account under a trade-credit policy of discount and without discount with time. In order to validate the model, numerical examples have been solved by bisection method deploying Matlab. Further, in order to estimate the cash flow the sensitivity of different parameters is considered.

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Han, Tielin, Junping Shi, Yunsheng Chen e Zhihui Li. "Effect of Chemical Corrosion on the Mechanical Characteristics of Parent Rocks for Nuclear Waste Storage". Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7853787.

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Long-term immersion was adopted to explore the damage deterioration and mechanical properties of granite under different chemical solutions. Here, granite was selected as the candidate of parent rocks for nuclear waste storage. The physical and mechanical properties of variation regularity immersed in various chemical solutions were analyzed. Meanwhile, the damage variable based on the variation in porosity was used in the quantitative analysis of chemical damage deterioration degree. Experimental results show that granite has a significant weakening tendency after chemical corrosion. The fracture toughnessKIC, splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength all demonstrate the same deteriorating trend with chemical corrosion time. However, a difference exists in the deterioration degree of the mechanical parameters; that is, the deterioration degree of fracture toughnessKICis the greatest followed by those of splitting tensile strength and compressive strength, which are relatively smaller. Strong acid solutions may aggravate chemical damage deterioration in granite. By contrast, strong alkaline solutions have a certain inhibiting effect on chemical damage deterioration. The chemical solutions that feature various compositions may have different effects on chemical damage degree; that is,SO42-ions have a greater effect on the chemical damage in granite thanHCO3-ions.

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Lee, Jinmi, Yujung Shin, Eunjoo Choi, Sunhui Choi, Jeongsuk Son, Youn Kyung Jung e Sang-Bum Hong. "Impact of hospitalization duration before medical emergency team activation: A retrospective cohort study". PLOS ONE 16, n. 2 (19 febbraio 2021): e0247066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247066.

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Background The rapid response system has been implemented in many hospitals worldwide and, reportedly, the timing of medical emergency team (MET) attendance in relation to the duration of hospitalization is associated with the mortality of MET patients. We evaluated the relationship between duration of hospitalization before MET activation and patient mortality. We compared cases of MET activation for early, intermediate, and late deterioration to patient characteristics, activation characteristics, and patient outcomes. We also aimed to determine the relationship, after adjusting for confounders, between the duration of hospitalization before MET activation and patient mortality. Materials and methods We retrospectively evaluated patients who triggered MET activation in general wards from March 2009 to February 2015 at the Asan Medical Center in Seoul. Patients were categorized as those with early deterioration (less than 2 days after admission), intermediate deterioration (2–7 days after admission), and late deterioration (more than 7 days after admission) and compared them to patient characteristics, activation characteristics, and patient outcomes. Results Overall, 7114 patients were included. Of these, 1793 (25.2%) showed early deterioration, 2113 (29.7%) showed intermediate deterioration, and 3208 (45.1%) showed late deterioration. Etiologies of MET activation were similar among these groups. The clinical outcomes significantly differed among the groups (intensive care unit transfer: 34.1%, 35.6%, and 40.4%; p < 0.001 and mortality: 26.3%, 31.5%, and 41.2%; p < 0.001 for early, intermediate, and late deterioration, respectively). Compared with early deterioration and adjusted for confounders, the odds ratio of mortality for late deterioration was 1.68 (1.46–1.93). Conclusions Nearly 50% of the acute clinically-deteriorating patients who activated the MET had been hospitalized for more than 7 days. Furthermore, they presented with higher rates of mortality and ICU transfer than patients admitted for less than 7 days before MET activation and had mortality as an independent risk factor.

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Singh, Sarbjit. "Optimal Ordering Policy for Deteriorating Items Having Constant Demand and Deterioration Rate". Theoretical Economics Letters 07, n. 07 (2017): 2152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/tel.2017.77146.

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Pal, Manisha, e Anwesha Samanta. "Inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating item with random pre-deterioration period". International Journal of Inventory Research 5, n. 1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijir.2018.092350.

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Pal, Manisha, e Anwesha Samanta. "Inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating item with random pre-deterioration period". International Journal of Inventory Research 5, n. 1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijir.2018.10013395.

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Beane, Abi, Wageesha Wijesiriwardana, Christopher Pell, N. P. Dullewe, J. A. Sujeewa, R. M. Dhanapala Rathnayake, Saroj Jayasinghe, Arjen M. Dondorp, Constance Schultsz e Rashan Haniffa. "Recognising the deterioration of patients in acute care wards: a qualitative study". Wellcome Open Research 7 (19 aprile 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17624.1.

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Background: Infrastructure, equipment and staff constraints are often cited as barriers to the recognition and rescue of deteriorating patients in resource-limited settings. The impact of health-system organisation, decision-making and organisational culture on recognition of deterioration is however poorly understood. This study explores how health care providers recognise deterioration of patients in acute care in Sri Lanka. Methods: In-depth interviews exploring decision making and care processes related to recognition of deterioration, were conducted with a purposive sample of 23 health care workers recruited from ten wards at a district hospital in Sri Lanka. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded thematically, line-by-line, using a general inductive approach. Results: A legacy of initial assessment on admission and inimical organisational culture undermined recognition of deteriorating patients in hospital. Informal triaging at the time of ward admission resulted in patients presenting with red-flag diagnoses and vital sign derangement requiring resuscitation being categorised as "bad". The legacy of this categorisation was a series of decision-making biases anchored in the initial assessment, which remained with the patient throughout their stay. Management for patients categorised as “bad” was prioritised by healthcare workers coupled with a sense of fatalism regarding adverse outcomes. Health care workers were reluctant to deviate from the original plan of care despite changes in patient condition (continuation bias). Organisational culture - vertical hierarchy, siloed working and a reluctance to accept responsibility- resulted in omissions which undermined recognition of deterioration. Fear of blame was a barrier to learning from adverse events. Conclusions: The legacy of admission assessment and hospital organisational culture undermined recognition of deterioration. Opportunities for improving recognition of deterioration in this setting may include establishing formal triage and medical emergency teams to facilitate timely recognition and escalation.

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Beane, Abi, Wageesha Wijesiriwardana, Christopher Pell, N. P. Dullewe, J. A. Sujeewa, R. M. Dhanapala Rathnayake, Saroj Jayasinghe, Arjen M. Dondorp, Constance Schultsz e Rashan Haniffa. "Recognising the deterioration of patients in acute care wards: a qualitative study". Wellcome Open Research 7 (13 giugno 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17624.2.

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Background: Infrastructure, equipment and staff constraints are often cited as barriers to the recognition and rescue of deteriorating patients in resource-limited settings. The impact of health-system organisation, decision-making and organisational culture on recognition of deterioration is however poorly understood. This study explores how health care providers recognise deterioration of patients in acute care in Sri Lanka. Methods: In-depth interviews exploring decision making and care processes related to recognition of deterioration, were conducted with a purposive sample of 23 health care workers recruited from ten wards at a district hospital in Sri Lanka. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded thematically, line-by-line, using a general inductive approach. Results: A legacy of initial assessment on admission and inimical organisational culture undermined recognition of deteriorating patients in hospital. Informal triaging at the time of ward admission resulted in patients presenting with red-flag diagnoses and vital sign derangement requiring resuscitation being categorised as "bad". The legacy of this categorisation was a series of decision-making biases anchored in the initial assessment, which remained with the patient throughout their stay. Management for patients categorised as “bad” was prioritised by healthcare workers coupled with a sense of fatalism regarding adverse outcomes. Health care workers were reluctant to deviate from the original plan of care despite changes in patient condition (continuation bias). Organisational culture - vertical hierarchy, siloed working and a reluctance to accept responsibility- resulted in omissions which undermined recognition of deterioration. Fear of blame was a barrier to learning from adverse events. Conclusions: The legacy of admission assessment and hospital organisational culture undermined recognition of deterioration. Opportunities for improving recognition of deterioration in this setting may include establishing formal triage and medical emergency teams to facilitate timely recognition and escalation.

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Patoghi, Amirhosein, e Mostafa Setak. "Coordinating replenishment and marketing policies for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with imprecise deterioration free time and general deterioration and holding cost rates". International Journal of Inventory Research 5, n. 1 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijir.2018.092355.

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Patoghi, Amirhosein, e Mostafa Setak. "Coordinating replenishment and marketing policies for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with imprecise deterioration free time and general deterioration and holding cost rates". International Journal of Inventory Research 5, n. 1 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijir.2018.10013403.

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Hamming-Vrieze, Olga, Simon van Kranen, Iris Walraven, Arash Navran, Abrahim Al-Mamgani, Margot Tesselaar, Michiel van den Brekel e Jan-Jakob Sonke. "Deterioration of Intended Target Volume Radiation Dose Due to Anatomical Changes in Patients with Head-and-Neck Cancer". Cancers 13, n. 17 (24 agosto 2021): 4253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174253.

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Delivered radiation dose can differ from intended dose. This study quantifies dose deterioration in targets, identifies predictive factors, and compares dosimetric to clinical patient selection for adaptive radiotherapy in head-and-neck cancer patients. One hundred and eighty-eight consecutive head-and-neck cancer patients treated up to 70 Gy were analyzed. Daily delivered dose was calculated, accumulated, and compared to the planned dose. Cutoff values (1 Gy/2 Gy) were used to assess plan deterioration in the highest/lowest dose percentile (D1/D99). Differences in clinical factors between patients with/without dosimetric deterioration were statistically tested. Dosimetric deterioration was evaluated in clinically selected patients for adaptive radiotherapy with CBCT. Respectively, 16% and 4% of patients had deterioration over 1 Gy in D99 and D1 in any of the targets, this was 5% (D99) and 2% (D1) over 2 Gy. Factors associated with deterioration of D99 were higher baseline weight/BMI, weight gain early in treatment, and smaller PTV margins. The sensitivity of visual patient selection with CBCT was 22% for detection of dosimetric changes over 1 Gy. Large dose deteriorations in targets occur in a minority of patients. Clinical prediction based on patient characteristics or CBCT is challenging and dosimetric selection tools seem warranted to identify patients in need for ART, especially in treatment with small PTV margins.

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Wang, Peng-Wei, Nai-Ying Ko, Yu-Ping Chang, Chia-Fen Wu, Wei-Hsin Lu e Cheng-Fang Yen. "Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n. 18 (18 settembre 2020): 6827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186827.

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This study aimed to determine the proportion of individuals who reported the deterioration of physical and psychological health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Taiwan. Moreover, the related factors of deterioration of physical and psychological health and the association between deterioration of health and adoption of protective behavior against COVID-19 and mental health problems were also examined. We recruited participants via a Facebook advertisement. We determined the subjective physical and psychological health states, cognitive and affective construct of health belief, perceived social support, mental health problems, adoption of protective behavior and demographic characteristics among 1954 respondents (1305 women and 649 men; mean age: 37.9 years with standard deviation 10.8 years). In total, 13.2% and 19.3% of respondents reported deteriorated physical and psychological health during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Participants with higher perceived harm from COVID-19 compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were more likely to report the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health, whereas respondents who were older and perceived a higher level of social support were less likely to report a deterioration of physical and psychological health. The subjective deterioration of psychological health was significantly associated with avoiding crowded places and wearing a mask. Both subjective deteriorations of physical and psychological health positively related to general anxiety.

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Cole, Elaine. "Conscious of deterioration". Nursing Standard 29, n. 47 (22 luglio 2015): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.29.47.18.s21.

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Woodrow, Philip. "Recognising acute deterioration". Nursing Older People 17, n. 5 (luglio 2005): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nop2005.07.17.5.31.c2385.

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Usuda, Makoto. "Deterioration of paper." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 39, n. 12 (1985): 1119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.39.1119.

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Graham, Jeffrey M. "Post-Polio Deterioration". Practical Neurology 4, n. 1 (febbraio 2004): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-7766.2004.12-183.x.

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Erlin, Bernard, e William G. Hime. "Evaluating Mortar Deterioration". APT Bulletin 19, n. 4 (1987): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1494143.

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Civjan, Scott A., Michael J. Mitchell, David Fortin e Ray Mann. "Deterioration of Terrazzo". Journal of Architectural Engineering 17, n. 2 (giugno 2011): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000031.

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Hart, Siobhan, Christine M. Smith e Michael Swash. "Assessing intellectual deterioration". British Journal of Clinical Psychology 25, n. 2 (maggio 1986): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1986.tb00680.x.

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Fulgham, J. R., E. F. M. Wijdicks, S. A. Mayer, R. L. Sacco e J. P. Mohr. "Deterioration With Hemorrhage". Neurology 45, n. 3 (1 marzo 1995): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.3.602.

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Dyer, Sarah. "Facilitation or Deterioration?" Physiotherapy 77, n. 6 (giugno 1991): 386–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(10)62017-2.

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Jones, Daryl, Imogen Mitchell, Ken Hillman e David Story. "Defining clinical deterioration". Resuscitation 84, n. 8 (agosto 2013): 1029–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.01.013.

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Annan, Mariam, Claudine Martin, Maelle Dejobert, Bertrand de Toffol, Caroline Hommet e Karl Mondon. "Deterioration following craniectomy". Practical Neurology 14, n. 4 (17 dicembre 2013): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2013-000704.

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Gallagher, K. A. "Concrete bridge deterioration". Construction and Building Materials 3, n. 4 (dicembre 1989): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(89)90012-3.

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Gafitanu, M. D., F. Farcas, G. D. Hagiu e M. C. Tiron. "Bearing grease deterioration". Lubrication Science 13, n. 2 (febbraio 2001): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ls.3010130207.

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Shen, Jian, Hyun-Sang You, Chan-Wook Park, Sung-Moon Choi e Dae-Seok Rho. "A VRFB Deterioration Estimation Method Based on the Deterioration Test". Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 73, n. 9 (30 settembre 2024): 1535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2024.73.9.1535.

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Churpek, Matthew M., Ryan Ingebritsen, Kyle A. Carey, Saieesh A. Rao, Emily Murnin, Tonela Qyli, Madeline K. Oguss et al. "Causes, Diagnostic Testing, and Treatments Related to Clinical Deterioration Events Among High-Risk Ward Patients". Critical Care Explorations 6, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2024): e1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cce.0000000000001161.

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IMPORTANCE: Timely intervention for clinically deteriorating ward patients requires that care teams accurately diagnose and treat their underlying medical conditions. However, the most common diagnoses leading to deterioration and the relevant therapies provided are poorly characterized. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the diagnoses responsible for clinical deterioration, the relevant diagnostic tests ordered, and the treatments administered among high-risk ward patients using manual chart review. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a multicenter retrospective observational study in inpatient medical-surgical wards at four health systems from 2006 to 2020. Randomly selected patients (1000 from each health system) with clinical deterioration, defined by reaching the 95th percentile of a validated early warning score, electronic Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage, were included. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Clinical deterioration was confirmed by a trained reviewer or marked as a false alarm if no deterioration occurred for each patient. For true deterioration events, the condition causing deterioration, relevant diagnostic tests ordered, and treatments provided were collected. RESULTS: Of the 4000 included patients, 2484 (62%) had clinical deterioration confirmed by chart review. Sepsis was the most common cause of deterioration (41%; n = 1021), followed by arrhythmia (19%; n = 473), while liver failure had the highest in-hospital mortality (41%). The most common diagnostic tests ordered were complete blood counts (47% of events), followed by chest radiographs (42%) and cultures (40%), while the most common medication orders were antimicrobials (46%), followed by fluid boluses (34%) and antiarrhythmics (19%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: We found that sepsis was the most common cause of deterioration, while liver failure had the highest mortality. Complete blood counts and chest radiographs were the most common diagnostic tests ordered, and antimicrobials and fluid boluses were the most common medication interventions. These results provide important insights for clinical decision-making at the bedside, training of rapid response teams, and the development of institutional treatment pathways for clinical deterioration.

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Mondal, Manik, Mohammed Forhad Uddin e Kazi Anowar Hussain. "Study of Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items With Exponential Demand Function". GANIT: Journal of Bangladesh Mathematical Society 34 (28 giugno 2016): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v34i0.28557.

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This paper develops an inventory model for deteriorating items consisting the ordering cost, unit cost, opportunity cost, deterioration cost and shortage cost. In this inventory model instead of linear demand function nonlinear exponential function of time for deteriorating items with deterioration rate has been considered. The formulated model has numerically solved by bisection method. The effects of inflation and cash flow are also taken into account under a trade-credit policy of discount with time. In order to validate the model, numerical examples have been solved by bisection method using Matlab. Further, the sensitivity of different parameters is considered in order to estimate the cash flow.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 34 (2014) 89-100

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Maes, Marc A. "Updating Performance and Reliability of Concrete Structures Using Discrete Empirical Bayes Methods". Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 124, n. 4 (22 ottobre 2002): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1491973.

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When performing a probabilistic assessment of the reliability of deteriorating structures, we often need to integrate the results of different inspections in time, within the models used to analyze the progress of deterioration. A new framework is described in this paper. It rests on a special case of the empirical Bayes method where the non-observable parameter is a discrete random variable with a relatively small number of outcomes. Various likelihood functions are derived. They are based on mixtures of deterioration scenarios. It is shown how the method can be used to calibrate the response of a stochastic deterioration model and to merge with a time-dependent reliability analysis. Examples relating to the long-term chloride corrosion in a reinforced concrete slab are presented in the paper.

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Ahmed, Aisha Madugu, Babangida Bature, Ibrahim M. Idris e Mustapha Malumfashi Lawal. "A model for Optimal Pricing and Ordering Strategies for Perishable Goods with Delayed Deterioration, Two-Stage Demand, and Partial Backorders under Delayed Payment Acceptance". UMYU Scientifica 3, n. 2 (29 maggio 2024): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.2432.002.

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Study’s Excerpt/Novelty This study introduces a novel economic order quantity (EOQ) model for managing non-instantaneous deteriorating items under two-phase demand rates and linear holding costs, incorporating constant partial backlogging and two-level pricing strategies within a trade credit framework. The model uniquely addresses the complexities of time-dependent quadratic demand before deterioration and constant demand afterward, providing optimal solutions for maximizing total profit by determining the best timing for positive inventory, cycle length, and order quantity. The research not only establishes the theoretical existence and uniqueness of these optimal solutions but also demonstrates practical implications through numerical examples and sensitivity analyses, highlighting the critical impact of deterioration rates on inventory management and profitability. Full Abstract This research developed an economic order quantity model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with two-phase demand rates, linear holding cost, constant partial backlogging rate and two-level pricing strategies under trade credit policy. It is assumed that the holding cost is linear time-dependent, the unit selling price before deterioration sets in is greater than that after deterioration sets and the demand rate before deterioration sets in is considered as continuous time-dependent quadratic, after which it is considered as constant up to when the inventory is completely exhausted. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The purpose of the model is to determine the optimal time with positive inventory, cycle length and order quantity such that the total profit of the inventory system has a maximum value. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the optimal solutions have been established. Some numerical examples have been given to illustrate the theoretical result of the model. Sensitivity analysis of some model parameters on the decision variables has been carried out and suggestions towards maximising the total profit were also given. , it is seen that the higher the rate of deterioration the lower the optimal time with positive inventory ( ), cycle length order quantity and the total profit and vice versa. This implies that the retailer needs to take all the necessary measures to avoid or reduce deterioration to maximise higher profit. Based on the results application of the model led to an increase in revenue.

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Barszcz, Piotr, e Mariusz Wesołowski. "Assessment Of The Deterioration Degree Of Airfield Pavement Functional Constituents Made Of Cement Concrete". Journal of KONBiN 32, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2014): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2014-0030.

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Abstract The characteristic feature of the approach to the analysis of the airfield pavement deterioration degree as outlined in this paper is the fact that not only existing deteriorations are taken into account of but also already completed historical repairs. This approach enables determination of resources needed to conduct repairs and setting up reasonable schedules of future overhauls. The proposed index of the pavement deterioration degree, calculated on the basis of measured deficiencies and past repairs, makes it possible to assess the technical condition of the airfield pavement in a comprehensive manner. The key information indispensable to evaluate the degree of deterioration of the airfield pavement surface includes data which can be acquired from already completed stocktaking inventories. The stocktaking process is based on the catalogue of deficiencies typical for airfield pavements and the rules for stocktaking measurements.

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Mu, Emily, Sarah Jabbour, Adrian V. Dalca, John Guttag, Jenna Wiens e Michael W. Sjoding. "Augmenting existing deterioration indices with chest radiographs to predict clinical deterioration". PLOS ONE 17, n. 2 (15 febbraio 2022): e0263922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263922.

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Importance When hospitals are at capacity, accurate deterioration indices could help identify low-risk patients as potential candidates for home care programs and alleviate hospital strain. To date, many existing deterioration indices are based entirely on structured data from the electronic health record (EHR) and ignore potentially useful information from other sources. Objective To improve the accuracy of existing deterioration indices by incorporating unstructured imaging data from chest radiographs. Design, setting, and participants Machine learning models were trained to predict deterioration of patients hospitalized with acute dyspnea using existing deterioration index scores and chest radiographs. Models were trained on hospitalized patients without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and then subsequently tested on patients with COVID-19 between January 2020 and December 2020 at a single tertiary care center who had at least one radiograph taken within 48 hours of hospital admission. Main outcomes and measures Patient deterioration was defined as the need for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation, heated high flow nasal cannula, IV vasopressor administration or in-hospital mortality at any time following admission. The EPIC deterioration index was augmented with unstructured data from chest radiographs to predict risk of deterioration. We compared discriminative performance of the models with and without incorporating chest radiographs using area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), focusing on comparing the fraction and total patients identified as low risk at different negative predictive values (NPV). Results Data from 6278 hospitalizations were analyzed, including 5562 hospitalizations without COVID-19 (training cohort) and 716 with COVID-19 (216 in validation, 500 in held-out test cohort). At a NPV of 0.95, the best-performing image-augmented deterioration index identified 49 more (9.8%) individuals as low-risk compared to the deterioration index based on clinical data alone in the first 48 hours of admission. At a NPV of 0.9, the EPIC image-augmented deterioration index identified 26 more individuals (5.2%) as low-risk compared to the deterioration index based on clinical data alone in the first 48 hours of admission. Conclusion and relevance Augmenting existing deterioration indices with chest radiographs results in better identification of low-risk patients. The model augmentation strategy could be used in the future to incorporate other forms of unstructured data into existing disease models.

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