Tesi sul tema "Détection et gestion du stress"
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Keryakos, Youssef. "Detection and management of stressful situations to help the blind persons in their daily lives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCD043.
Testo completoStress is a universal human experience that has a substantial impact on people's day-to-day functioning, particularly for those who are visually impaired. Stress is characterized as a condition of tension, either bodily or mental, that results from events that cause anxiety, agitation, or frustration. The alarm, resistance, and exhaustion phases of the body's reaction to stress are outlined by the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which also includes the release of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. Blindness makes it especially difficult to recognize and manage stress, as blind people rely on non-visual sensory signals to navigate.Being unable to notice barriers and changes in their surroundings causes blind persons to experience more stress when navigating. In unfamiliar or complicated outdoor and indoor environments, when conventional navigational aids like GPS and satellite images are useless, this stress is increased. Our research's findings have demonstrated a clear relationship between higher stress levels and the difficulty of navigation routes and the existence of barriers. Even with the invention of numerous assistive devices, such as white canes and braille compasses, these solutions frequently fail to offer complete assistance.We address these issues by putting forth a novel hybrid navigation system that combines real-time stress detection with navigation assistance to help blind people. Our method makes use of a smart white cane that is outfitted with a network of biosensors to keep an eye on physiological stress markers including heart rate, muscular activity, and skin conductance. The system's goal is to identify stressful conditions and suggest less stressful navigation routes by evaluating these biosignals.The suggested solution tackles navigational issues in both indoor and outdoor environments. The system creates stress and route difficulty indices for outdoor surroundings, enabling users to select and follow the least stressful path. Advanced image processing techniques are used to detect obstacles in real-time, and verbal commentary is provided to users to help them navigate safely. The technology uses augmented reality (AR) and a content management system (CMS) to build virtual maps based on floor plan photos for indoor environments where GPS and satellite data are not available. Thanks to a mobile application, users can load and interact with these virtual maps by scanning QR codes located within the indoor space.Real-time stress detection and navigation support are integrated into the system, which is a major leap in assistive technology. The system's goal is to make navigation more efficient and less stressful for people who are blind or visually impaired. Subsequent studies will concentrate on assessing the system's effectiveness, examining user input, and improving the technology to guarantee peak performance and user contentment. For blind individuals, this method not only increases independence but also makes navigation easier and less stressful
Lebeuf, Maria. "Gestion des risques de contamination et leur détection en animalerie axénique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69051.
Testo completoThe use of axenic animals as models have increased exponentially in recent years in experimental research. In order to maintain their axenic status, animals must be contained in traditional isolators or isolators at the cage level, which includes Tecniplast's sealed positive pressure Isocage. However, the most effective way to confirm animal axenic status remains uncertain, especially for cage-level isolators, which carry a greater risk of contamination than the traditional isolator due to their most frenquent contact with outer environment. This Master's project aims were to manage the risk of contamination associated with Isocage by optimizing disinfection by immersion and determining the effectiveness of axenic precautionary measures; then finally to determine the effectiveness of the detection measures to demonstrate the presence of microbial contaminants in axenic Isocages. The optimization of disinfection by immersion made it possible to determine the residual microbial load found on the surface of Isocages between two cage changes, to evaluate the sporicidal efficiency of two disinfectants, and finally to determine the optimal disinfection time for the immersion of the axenic cages during a change of cage depending on the concentration of disinfectants used. The effectiveness of axenic precautionary measures has been confirmed by comparing the microbial flora found on the surface of cages contained in axenic and non-axenic rooms. The effectiveness of detection measures to demonstrate the presence of contaminants in Isocage has been determined by developing, validating and optimizing three different methods, then by testing in situ their effectiveness to detect contaminants artificially introduced into axenic cages. This work constitutes an important contribution to the field since it is one of the first to discuss risk management and the effectiveness of detection methods when using Isocage and the immersion basin attached to the biosecurity station with axenic animals.
Erkan, Bünyamin. "Stress-test, produits structurés et gestion de bilan bancaire". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CERG0948/document.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to link the pricing of derivative products to the scenariobased analysis used in banks management. Options’ pricing has a wideliterature and a well-defined mathematical framework focusing on the marketfinance problematics and in particular on delta hedging. The risk managementof these products are thus analyzed with this point of view based onthe famous absence of arbitrage opportunity principle. Under this principle,the best estimates for tomorrow are those anticipated by the market todaydue to the presence of hedging instuments. On the other side, corporate financialmanagement is based on a scenario based approach. Senior managersselect scenarios which seem both interesting and plausible and a projectionfor each scenario is analyzed. Generally, we do not attribute probability tothe scenarios, which implies a modeling based on uncertainty where the notionof probability and mathematical expectation are not involved. Bank hascomplex products for the needs of its activity and it does not hedge them asa service related to market activities would do. We do our analyze in thisframework. We analyze this need of scenario based projection for complexproducts
Tabet, Antoine. "Gestion des capteurs et des informations pour un système de détection à multifonction". Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0764.
Testo completoThe quality of the air in the interior mediums became a major concern in France, Europe and in the world. The interior mediums concentrate the majority of the populations and the sources of pollution. These interior mediums are an object of study privileged for the evaluation of pollution, of their influence on health and the solutions suggested for the reduction of the pollutants. In France, at the present time, they do not exist obligations concerning the monitoring of the quality of the air in the interior mediums. Nevertheless, of the lawful texts are under development. Based on an approach multi-source, this thesis presents a methodology supplements for making of a control and measuring apparatus of chemical, physical and microbiological pollution. Also, it presents the study, the validation and the implementation of an original unit for the detection and the control of the pollutants. This unit is based on the automatism, it makes it possible to carry out a complete expertise on the quality of the air while transmitting the data received in real time on Internet. A prototype making it possible to manage data, to order interfaces and to transmit the values received on Internet was developed
Saleh, Dalia. "Santé mentale et gestion du stress chez des étudiants à l’université : mise en place et évaluation d’un programme de gestion du stress par internet". Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100024/document.
Testo completoContext: University students are the most affected by stress, psychological distress and their consequences (physical and mental). They are more vulnerable to mental disorders than the general population and other students because of the many changes and responsibilities that come with studying at the university. On the one hand, this thesis aims to better understand the psychological ill being of university students, and on the other hand, to look at ways to face this problem.Format of the thesis: This thesis is articulated in two axes. The first focuses on the evaluation of mental health, including stress, among a sample of university students (Part I: Mental Health among University Students: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Studies). The second focuses on the development and the evaluation of a stress management intervention for these students (Part II: Students Stress Management: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Studies). For each, a review of the literature on the concepts studied, as well as a review of empirical studies, was conducted in the form of articles (published or in progress). The purpose of this dissertation is therefore dual and is articulated around ten articles;Conclusion: Despite some limitations, our results constitute new and promising contributions on stress management online for university students. This proposal for an intervention online could be particularly aimed at students who do not consult
Dambreville, Frédéric. "Optimisation de la gestion des capteurs et des informations pour un système de détection". Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10123.
Testo completoQu, Xiaozhi. "Localisation basée amers visuels : détection et mise à jour d’amers avec gestion des incertitudes". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1005/document.
Testo completoMobile mapping is the process of collecting geospatial data with a moving vehicle. These vehicles are often equipped with two types of sensors: remote sensing (cameras, lidar, radar) and geo-localization (GNSS, IMU, odometer). Precise and robust georeferencing has been a major challenge for the implementation of mobile mapping systems. Indeed, in dense urban environments, the masks of signals and multipath errors corrupt the measurements and lead to big positioning errors. High precision IMUs enable to bridge the gaps of positioning and ensure a drift low enough to fulfil the requirements of mapping in terms of accuracy. Nowadays, the hybrid positioning systems (GNSS / IMU / Odometer) are mature enough to provide reliable industrial solutions for the collection of geo-referenced data. National and private mapping agencies have started to collect the required row data for building geospatial repositories at very large scales. However, the very high cost of positioning systems incorporating high precisions IMUs restricts their use to the establishment of geospatial reference data and more affordable positioning solutions are needed for map updating purpose.The objective of this thesis is to provide a low cost positioning solution that can be used on a large number of map updating vehicles.We propose to use one or more cameras on a vehicle as a georeferencing system. Indeed, the vehicle’s trajectory can be estimated using visual odometry techniques. To limit the drift of the trajectory due to the accumulation of errors, we propose a registration on a set of visual landmarks that are precisely georeferenced. These landmarks are reconstructed using the reference data generated by precise and expensive mapping systems. Natural road features such as road markings and traffic signs were chosen as visual landmarks.A local bundle adjustment algorithm has been adapted to estimate the pose of the vehicle using a sequence of images acquired by one or more embedded cameras. A rigorous approach that takes into account the uncertainties enables to tune automatically the weights of every constraint in the equation system of the adjustment and to estimate the uncertainties of the parameters. They are used in a propagation based matching algorithm that accelerates the process of tracking the interest points between the images and eliminate many false matches. This significantly reduces the drift of the visual odometry by reducing the sources of errors. The remaining part of the drift is removed using georeferenced visual landmarks. The process of matching the image sequence with the landmarks is guided by the uncertainty of the poses. It adds a set of absolute constraints in the equation system of bundle adjustment. The drift is drastically reduced. Each step of the algorithm is evaluated on real image sequences with ground truths
Lebègue, Nathalie. "Radicaux libres dérivés de l'oxygène et antioxydants : méthodes de détection, approche biologique et environnementale". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P109.
Testo completoSoury, Mariette. "Détection multimodale du stress pour la conception de logiciels de remédiation". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112278/document.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the automatic recognition of human stress during stress-inducing interactions (public speaking, job interview and serious games), using audio and visual cues.In order to build automatic stress recognition models, we used audio cues computed from subjects' voice captured via a lapel microphone, and visual cues computed either form subjects' facial expressions captured via a webcam, or subjects' posture captured via a Kinect. Part of this work is dedicated to the study of information fusion form those various modalities.Stress expression and coping are influenced both by interpersonal differences (personality traits, past experiences, cultural background) and contextual differences (type of stressor, situation's stakes). We evaluated stress in various populations in data corpora collected during this thesis: social phobics in anxiety-inducing situations in interaction with a machine and with humans; apathologic subjects in a mock job interview; and apathologic subjects interaction with a computer and with the humanoid robot Nao. Inter-individual and inter-corpora comparisons highlight the variability of stress expression.A possible application of this work could be the elaboration of therapeutic software to learn stress coping strategies, particularly for social phobics.Key words: stress, social phobia, multimodal stress detection, stress audio cues, stress facial cues, stress postural cues, multimodal fusion
Allab, Nedjmeddine. "Détection d'anomalies et de ruptures dans les séries temporelles. Applications à la gestion de production de l'électricité". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066658.
Testo completoContinental is the main tool that edf uses for the long-term management of electricity. It elaborates the strategy exploitation of the electrical parc made up by power plants distributed all over europe. the tool simulates for each zone and each scenario several variables, such as the electricity demand, the generated quantity as well as the related costs. our works aim to provide methods to analyse the data of electricity production in order to ease their discovery and synthesis. we get a set of problmatics from the users of continental that we tent to solve through techniques of outliers and changepoints detection in time series
Raison, Bertrand. "Détection et localisation de défaillances sur un entraînement électrique". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0079.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is to provide solutions for the fault détection and isolation in electrical drives and especialîy induction drives. The considered faults may affect the machine, the converter, the mechanical part and the sensors. The variable speed drive is controlled by a rotor flux vector control loop and a speed loop. Using the results of the fault characterisation, obtained from simulations or experiments, two approaches are proposed. The first one is based on signal processing tools. The variable speed problem is overcome : measures are sampled synchronously with the mechanical position or the rotating field position. The second approach is based on analytical redundancy tools for fault détection and localisation purpose. Extended state observers (extended Kalman filter, model référence adaptive system) are studied and tested experimentally. In order to carry out the fault isolation, unknown input observers are proposed. Approaches are introduced to constitute a global monitoring System combining the developed tools. Some are based on logicat combinations and others on neural networks
Damel, Pascal. "La détection avancée du risque de défaut : l'impact de l'information comptable sur le risque de faillite et le risque boursier". Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN22001.
Testo completoThe problematic of this thesis is the impact of accounting information on the risk or failure and on the market risk form firms. We have showed that the financial theory is not unified about the risk of failure. We have improved the prediction of failure risk with expert system and with a new building method of discrimination model. The expert system detects some accounting handing. Therefore the statistical analysis is more reliable with the expert system. The improvement of discrimination model is the use of step by step building under two constraints (statistical and financial constraints). The risk of failure rating includes the sectorial activity and the last accounting innovation (The cash flow of R. Dornier). The model is conceived with 901 firms and tested with 5000 balance sheets belonging to SNVB customers. For firms rating on the stock exchange, we have successively realised an analytical and empirical approach to apprehend the impact of accounting information on the market risk. We pointed out in two theorical models that the evaluation of market risk may be improved by accounting variables such as the firm growth. Finally, we have showed, on a small sample (155 cases) that the impact of accounting information may be improved by mathematical fonction of jump on the share returns distributions
Harvey, Yanick. "Le problème du stress et sa gestion chez les enseignants à l'ordre primaire : une exploration /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Testo completoGhemmogne, Fossi Leopold. "Gestion des règles basée sur l'indice de puissance pour la détection de fraude : Approches supervisées et semi-supervisées". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI079.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the detection of credit card fraud. According to the European Central Bank, the value of frauds using cards in 2016 amounted to 1.8 billion euros. The challenge for institutions is to reduce these frauds. In general, fraud detection systems consist of an automatic system built with "if-then" rules that control all incoming transactions and trigger an alert if the transaction is considered suspicious. An expert group checks the alert and decides whether it is true or not. The criteria used in the selection of the rules that are kept operational are mainly based on the individual performance of the rules. This approach ignores the non-additivity of the rules. We propose a new approach using power indices. This approach assigns to the rules a normalized score that quantifies the influence of the rule on the overall performance of the group. The indexes we use are the Shapley Value and Banzhaf Value. Their applications are 1) Decision support to keep or delete a rule; 2) Selection of the number k of best-ranked rules, in order to work with a more compact set. Using real credit card fraud data, we show that: 1) This approach performs better than the one that evaluates the rules in isolation. 2) The performance of the set of rules can be achieved by keeping one-tenth of the rules. We observe that this application can be considered as a task of selection of characteristics: We show that our approach is comparable to the current algorithms of the selection of characteristics. It has an advantage in rule management because it assigns a standard score to each rule. This is not the case for most algorithms, which focus only on an overall solution. We propose a new version of Banzhaf Value, namely k-Banzhaf; which outperforms the previous in terms of computing time and has comparable performance. Finally, we implement a self-learning process to reinforce the learning in an automatic learning algorithm. We compare these with our power indices to rank credit card fraud data. In conclusion, we observe that the selection of characteristics based on the power indices has comparable results with the other algorithms in the self-learning process
Imbeau, Patrick, e Rachid Bagaoui. "Lien entre autonomie au travail et gestion de la vie hors travail". Acfas-Sudbury, 2006. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/70.
Testo completoLadeira, costa claudio Nuno filipe. "GADD34 : Lien moléculaire entre la détection des pathogènes et les voies intégrées de réponses au stress". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4025/document.
Testo completoDendritic cells (DCs) are the most important antigen presenting cells. In response to inflammatory stimulation, DCs display a distinct pattern of differentiation that exhibits specific mechanisms to control the immune response. In this work the responses to dsRNA were analyzed. We have shown that in response to a mimic of dsRNA, polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C), DCs mount a specific integrated stress response during which the transcription factor ATF4 and the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34), a phosphatase 1 (PP1) cofactor, are expressed. GADD34 is important to counteract phosphorylation of eIF2α by PKR. In contrast to murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), DCs resist to protein synthesis inhibition induced in response to cytosolic dsRNA. Nevertheless, GADD34 expression does not have a major impact on global protein synthesis. Importantly, GADD34 was shown to be absolutely required for type I-IFN and IL-6 production by MEFs and DCs in response to dsRNA. This observation has important implications in linking pathogen detection with the integrated stress response pathways. The importance of this link is further underlined by the extreme susceptibility of GADD34-deficient fibroblasts and neonate mice to Chikungunya virus infection
Sall, Deede. "La gestion et la prévention du stress professionnel et des RPS dans les TPE et les grandes entreprises". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E057.
Testo completoThis thesis is based on a qualitative and comparative study carried out in two Very smallbusinesses (less than ten (10) employees) and two Big businesses (more than five thousand(5.000) employees). The objective is to understand and explain, on the one hand, howprofessional stress is built up according to the size of the company and, on the other hand, thedrivers or constraints to the prevention and management of stress in businesses. I have therefore been interested in socio-professional representations of stress, social relations withinthe company and the expression or not of grievance. I also study forms of pain management atwork and conflicts regulation. Analyzing collective and individual expectations as well as thelife stories of workers confronted with similar realities but reacting differently, made itpossible to learn lessons about workers relationship to discontent.This research has shown that, contrary to what one might think, it is not so much the problemsto be managed which differ according to the business size but the ways to build, regulate andlive with these issues
Louvet, Benoît. "Arbitrage et gestion du stress en football : analyses comparatives et longitudinales du coping en situation de match". Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21408.
Testo completoSoccer referees are pushed under high stressful conditions that come from interpersonal conflicts, match and temporal pressures, fear of failure and lack of recognition. Thus, they have to manage their emotions while resolving match problems thanks to strategies called “coping” in order to face up to stress. Two goals organize this thesis. The first goal is to provide psychological knowledge on soccer referees concerning some personality traits, precompetitive anxiety states and coping dimensions used before and during a football match. The second purpose is to determine how dispositional and situational variables influence coping responses and whether these responses are unstable through three competitions over an entire competitive season. 329 French soccer referees representing all levels of competition participated in this study. The main results show that referees are low trait-anxious, they are high in self-esteem, they are quite optimistic and few pessimistic. They have high standards, they feel few perfectionism prescribed by their environment and they expect that the other set themselves high goals too. They feel low intensities of cognitive and somatic state anxiety and they are confident before a match. Furthermore, they consider these states as facilitating for their upcoming performance. Then, they employ more problem-focused than emotion- and seeking support-focused coping. Analyses indicate that level of expertise influences some of these responses. A path analysis also underlines direct and indirect effets between dispositional, situational variables and coping dimensions. Finally, a longitunal investigation highlights that normative and differential analyses associated with a Latent Class Growth Modelling analysis are three statistical methods that are complementary in the study of coping stability. Results show that referees maintain and decrease their coping efforts to some different degrees
Aucoin, Suzanne. "Évaluation du niveau de stress chez les infirmières et de leur préparation à le gérer /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1989. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Testo completoRenard, Benjamin. "Détection et prise en compte d'éventuels impacts du changement climatique sur les extrêmes hydrologiques en France". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0095.
Testo completoClimate change is widely considered as a reality by scientists. Nevertheless, impacts on hydrological extremes are more difficult to observe and to predict. The aim of this thesis is to answer the following questions: How to detect changes in hydro-climatic series? What are the observed changes for extreme discharges in France? How to take into account possible changes in frequency analysis? These objectives refer to both the local and the regional scales. For this purpose, methodological aspects have been explored, by evaluating the benefit ofusing statistical tools like the Bayesian analysis or the use of copulas as a model for spatial dependence
Hasrouny, Hamssa. "Gestion de confiance et solutions de sécurité pour les réseaux véhiculaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0001.
Testo completoVANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) consist of vehicles capable of exchanging information by radio to improve road safety (alerts in case of accidents or in case of abnormal slowdowns, collaborative driving…) or allow internet access for passengers (collaborative networks, infotainment, etc.). Road safety messages exchanged between vehicles may be falsified or eliminated by malicious entities in order to cause accidents and endanger people life. In this thesis, we focus on defining, designing and evaluating a security solution for V2V communications in VANET, to ensure a secure communication and a good level of confidence between the different participating vehicles. Adopting a group-based model, we consider the Trustworthiness evaluation of vehicles participating in VANET and we develop a Trust Model to analyze the behavior of the vehicles in the group while preserving the privacy of the participants and maintaining low network overhead. We then propose a hierarchical and modular framework for Misbehavior Detection and Revocation Management
Lavarde, Marc. "Fiabilité des semi-conducteurs, tests accélérés, sélection de modèles définis par morceaux et détection de sur-stress". Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112266.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the using of accelerating data and regression model selection for high technology field: semiconductor chips. The accelerating trail gives us regression frameworks. The aim of the accelerating test consists on fitting the logarithm of the lifetime through the use of some function f, called the acceleration function. However, accelerating data may have misleading and complex comportment. In order to adapt the model with such data, we have proposed to detect the changes on the comportment of the acceleration function. We have considered a collection of piecewise acceleration models candidate to the estimation. For each model candidate we have estimated the least-squares estimation. And we have selected the final estimator using a penalized criterion. The penalized estimator is optimal approximation of the reality since the quadratic risk of penalized estimator is bounded by the minimal risk upon every least-squares estimators candidates. Moreover, this oracle inequality is non asymptotic. Furthermore, we have considered classical reliability cases: the Lognormal case associating with some fatigue failure, and the Weibull case associating with some choc failure. Lastly we have implemented model selection tools in order to realise survey study without a priori on the acceleration models and to use overstress trials
Ghandour, Hala. "Détection par microélectrodes de flux attomolaires d'espèces réactives de l'oxygène et de l'azote produites par un macrophage". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066037.
Testo completoRaison, Bertrand. "Détection et localisation de défaillances sur un entraînement électrique". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689856.
Testo completoHasrouny, Hamssa. "Gestion de confiance et solutions de sécurité pour les réseaux véhiculaires". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0001/document.
Testo completoVANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) consist of vehicles capable of exchanging information by radio to improve road safety (alerts in case of accidents or in case of abnormal slowdowns, collaborative driving…) or allow internet access for passengers (collaborative networks, infotainment, etc.). Road safety messages exchanged between vehicles may be falsified or eliminated by malicious entities in order to cause accidents and endanger people life. In this thesis, we focus on defining, designing and evaluating a security solution for V2V communications in VANET, to ensure a secure communication and a good level of confidence between the different participating vehicles. Adopting a group-based model, we consider the Trustworthiness evaluation of vehicles participating in VANET and we develop a Trust Model to analyze the behavior of the vehicles in the group while preserving the privacy of the participants and maintaining low network overhead. We then propose a hierarchical and modular framework for Misbehavior Detection and Revocation Management
Bergugnat-Janot, Laurence. "Stress individuel des enseignants d'école primaire et médiation collective". Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21053.
Testo completoNumerous surveys have found evidence that the education field is going through a difficult period. Since the sixties multiple explanations and analysis are investigated in the world about stress problem. Specific stressors, coping strategies and adjustment criteria are measured. We side with the analysis of Debarbieux (1999) about the issue of no team spirit and a lack of coherence as risk factors for all those who work in a school. Using transactional approach (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) we attempt to show how individual teachers stress is linked to collective action as social support. We visited 16 primary schools and observed 70 teachers in their classroom then in an interview. We find using a model between psychology (stress theory) and sociology (action theory) that 50% of our population is stressed that is teachers don't control any much their environment (Perceived stress scale, Cohen & Williamson, 1988). Coping strategies are rational action (Weber), self reflection (Giddens), subjectivity (Touraine) and occupational habit (Bourdieu). They are more or less efficient in job solitude , but we found on the other hand that collective action and social support are still unusual, or even absent, sometimes even stress predictor. We purpose therefore for the future healthier schools with occupational working relations to serve a cooperative and united team spirit
Roy, Caroline. "Stress parental, sensibilité maternelle et réactivité de l'enfant : Une étude longitudinale et multidimensionnelle". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28984/28984.pdf.
Testo completoFalcoz, Christophe. "Gestion des cadres à potentiel et pratiques de segmentation : vers l'autonomie des grandes entreprises françaises dans la détection et la préparation de leurs dirigeants". Lyon 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO33014.
Testo completoDaum-Badouard, Carine. "Les lésions des acides nucléiques : détection par CLHP-SM/SM dans les milieux biologiques humains et intérêt comme biomarqueurs du stress oxydant et de l'inflammation". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134563.
Testo completoMolecules involved in oxidative stress or inflammation can damage DNA or RNA, the biopolymers that contain the genetic information. The cel! has developed several enzymatic systems to repair the damage but sorne of them can remain and lead to mutagenecity. Hence, we focused our attention on the simultaneous quantification of severallesions using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, a very sensitive, fast and reliable analytical system. The aim of this work was to develop new biomarkers of oxidative stress among the known DNA les ions by quantifying them in human biological fluids. For such a purpose, three types of DNA lesions were monitored : les ions due to oxidative stress, chlorinated lesions arising from inflammation processes and lesions generated subsequently to lipid peroxidation. The analytical method has been optimisel and the biological validation was performed using different pathologies such as diabetes, patients suffered from cancer and treated by radiotherapy and men with infertility. Preliminary results obtained show different levels of DNA lesions between patients and healthy controls. These results have to be confirmed in order to confirm the significance of these lesions as potential biomarkers. Other kinds of Datholoaies will be investigated usina the same approach
Godener, Vincent. "L'efficacité du stress en publicité". Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010001.
Testo completoConcerning with charities' communications, this research is designed to obtain a better understanding of the conditions of stress' arousal efficacy. If numbers of researches have dealt with the effects of emotional arousal in persuasion processes, negative emotions seem to be frequently ignored. Nevertheless, fear appeals are frequently used by advertisers, and particularly for generosity appeals. Most contemporary persuasion theories, fear appeals models, and helping motivations studies, distinguishing cognitive and affective routes, links between stress arousal's efficacy, involvement, and messages' goals are expected and tested on a large sample of donators. In order to improve charities' communications' efficiency, which strategic significance has, for the french third sector, been reinforced by the recent relative decline of generosity appeals' profitability, this study suggest that a differentiated approach of communications should be developed
Delaunay-Moisan, Agnès. "Contrôle de l'homéostasie redox et détection des oxydants : Régulation du facteur de transcription Yap1 chez S. cerevisiae". Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAP0013.
Testo completoLabbé, Mathieu. "Gestion de mémoire pour la détection de fermeture de boucle pour la cartographie temps réel par un robot mobile". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1580.
Testo completoDiop, Mamadou Abdoulaye. "Analyse haute performance de masses de données; application à la détection d'anomalie dans le contexte de la gestion d'identité et d'accès". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG100.
Testo completoData protection is a critical issue in cybersecurity. Organizations use identity and access management software and traditional cybersecurity tools to protect their information assets from external threats. However, they most often lack solutions to counter insider threats from individuals with legitimate access to corporate information systems. This type of threat is now the primary concern of cybersecurity specialists. User and entity behavior analysis software are the tools used by cyber specialists to counter insider threats effectively. However, existing solutions can present problems such as many false alarms and a consequent development time of detection models when the activity data is of large volumes.This thesis aims to remedy these problems by proposing an algorithmic solution and its efficient implementation for high performance architectures. More precisely, we propose a detection method that builds behavioral profilers using techniques from the fields of machine learning, linear algebra and high performance computing. This method is defined by application of “unite and conquer” approach, used in linear algebra, to ensemble learning techniques. We integrate innovative methods of PageRank and autoencode in the proposed ensemble method in addition to the classical basic machine learning methods.According to our experiments, this new method of insider threat detection shows an average efficiency in terms of detection accuracy, up to 98% of AUC. This is a significant increase compared to base methods. We also propose an implementation of this method according to several parallel programming paradigms allowing us to obtain a speedup up to 10.We have integrated this software platform with data preprocessing means and an alarm system into a global module for insider threat detection, capable of extending cybersecurity tools
Kotchi, Serge Olivier. "Détection du stress hydrique par thermographie infrarouge : application à la culture de la pomme de terre". Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/22198/22198.pdf.
Testo completoWater stress affect the yield and the crop quality. For more than twenty years, remote sensing allowed several tools developments to assess water stress detection using sensors and model such as Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). Sparse crop can generate error in the interpretation of this index. The use of an imaging-radiometer combined to a high spatial resolution visible image help to remove this weakness. This study present a new water stress index based in the use of infrared thermography. A first dataset was taken from greenhouse experimental set up on potatoes species (Highlite and Chieftain) using an hand-held imaging-radiometer (ThermaCAM SC 2000). Repeated measurements were made for water-stress induced plants and for well irrigated plants at different growing stages. The study showed that an early detection of water deficit by infrared thermography is possible as well as the detection of the significant response of plant to heat stress and leaf area change based on water stress intensity. Temperature differences between crop canopy and air (Tc - Ta) are strongly correlated with the water stress. The study has permitted the development of a new index named Area Water Stress Index (AWSI) and the results obtained with this index for water stress detection are very encouraging.
Ni, Zhuoya. "Méthode pour l'estimation de la fluorescence de la chlorophylle et son application pour la détection précoce du stress hydrique". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD022/document.
Testo completoSun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence is a new way to monitor the vegetation change and global carbon cycle. Through the model simulated analysis, the pot experiment and the airborne flying experiment, the research on detecting the multi-scale sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence is developed in this dissertation. The main conclusions and innovations are as follows: 1. The maize water control experiments demonstrate that the passive fluorescence can be used to detect the crop water stress, and the analysis of the different responses of the fluorescence and temperature illustrates that the fluorescence is much sensitive to the early water stress. 2. Analyze the effects of temperature, sun zenith angle and fluorescence quantum efficiency on the qualitative fluorescence retrieval, and propose a qualitative fluorescence retrieval method based on the reflectance index. 3. Analyze the effects of airborne fluorescence retrieval, and obtain that sun zenith angle and airborne sensor height are the important factors to affect the sun-induced fluorescence retrieval from the simulated analysis and airborne flying experiment
Arseneau, Louise. "Créativité et gestion du stress en situation d'apprentissage : une étude exploratoire de leur dynamique auprès de chercheurs universitaires /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1990. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Testo completoLi, Xiaoming. "Développement d'une méthode connexionniste pour la détection et le diagnostic de défauts de systèmes de chauffage". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529470.
Testo completoBoudjelida, Abdelhamid. "Développement de modèles graphiques et logiques non classiques pour le traitement des alertes et la gestion des préférences". Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0404.
Testo completoIn real life, we often find our self confronted to situations where decision making is necessary. Make a decision is to act according to the choices and preferences of agents as well as their knowledge on the world. Artificial Intelligence gave rise to many tools of representation and expression of agents' preferences and knowledge. Unfortunately, existing approaches are not completely satisfactory. Thus, the goal of the first part of this thesis is to propose an approach allowing the integration of experts' knowledge to the probabilistic graphical models used for classification tasks such as Bayesian networks. The performances of the developed models are concretely evaluated on problems of intrusions detection and alerts correlation in the field of computer security. The second part of this thesis relates to complex preferences handling in presence of functional constraints in uncertain environments and proposes a new non-classical logic for representing and reasoning with preferences in such environments. The works leaded in this second part, are tested on an electronic travel-agency system used by CNRS
Bizeuil, Martine. "Les risques du management par la culture d'entreprise : liens entre culture d'entreprise, implication et stress, approche pluridisciplinaire". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0004.
Testo completoThe risks of managing through corporate culture. Links between corporate culture, involvement and stress - multi-disciplinary approach. We examined the subject of our research from a multi-disciplinary viewpoint (Human Resources Management, Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Psychoanalysis). The issue could be summarized in the following terms: " Management through culture and through the affective involvement this demands, is a source of stress and suffering ". Our theoretical analysis as well as our research in the field show that using the concept of corporate culture and its underlying affects can generate malfunctions and propagate a "managerial Darwinism" which is costly for the firm. As a result of our findings, we would suggest:- leave the concept of corporate culture to anthropologists - use a concept that seems to be more adapted to a firm's reality: declared identity- be aware of the risks of exploiting affects- aim towards reasoned management that could also be called ego-management
Delaunay, Agnès. "Contrôle de l'homéostasie redox et détection des oxydants. Régulation du facteur de transcription Yap1 chez S. cerevisiae". Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005660.
Testo completoLopes, Cardoso Jorge. "Cognition & Management : Vers un modèle ergonomique et universel de gestion des relations humaines dans le milieu du travail". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080152.
Testo completoThis thesis develops a management model based on an optimal communication betweenemployees and managers where collectively they can work towards the company's objective butwhere human concerns are taking into account in the business mosaic. The model "revisits" theemployee's current status and gives it a more empowered function. It acknowledges that whileworkers do represent a cost for companies, they, and their opinion, have to be valued as anecessary link to the business production line. This thesis includes first an analysis of theevolution of management, through history, in the corporate world and in the academy, in orderto have a better understanding of its history and actual situation and then it also analyzes ofrelevant factors that contributed of establishment of the current management state and practicessuch as (1) the current corporate dynamics and its consequences, (2) the influence of thedynamics of family and society on individuals and companies, to finally (3) elaborate possiblemanagerial and communication models that could be implemented at workplaces that wouldtake more into account human factors. The possible source of resistance to the implementationof this model is discussed. The suggested management model is structured in communicationtechnic based on the Emotional Intelligence concept. It has been tested in several organizationsof different sizes and different cultures and had a positive impression and results among theparticipants tested
Saad, Ali Sahal. "Synthèse de capteurs sélectifs destinés à la détection de NH³ et H²S pour le contrôle et la gestion de matières organiques en production de bio-énergies". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC096.
Testo completoThe thesis aims to develop microsystems gas sensors for selective detection of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These sensors are dedicated to the control and production as well as security in the management of anaerobic digestion plants dedicated to bio-energy production. To do this,two types of chemical sensors were used for gas sensing. The first objective is the development of sensitive materials able to react with gaseous molecules and the physico-chemical characterization of matérials. Thus our choice focused on a polyaniline-based polymer composite (PANI-MWCNT/PS/PMMA) for the detection of NH3 and metal oxide (V2O5) nanoparticles for the detection of H2S. These materials were synthesized and exposed to gases to evaluate their sensors performances. Such an evaluation has given a proof that these materials were the best choice to respond positively to the target gases since they have shown higher sensitivity and stable responses even in a humid environment. In addition, these materials also showed a partial selectivity towards target gas
Bringer, Mathieu. "Étude et implantation de l'Observatoire Astronomique TAROT : traitement des données, ordonnancement dynamique des observations, gestion et contrôle du téléscope, détection des contreparties optiques des sursauts gamma cosmiques". Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT025H.
Testo completoLeterme, Anne-Claire. "Apport des nouvelles technologies à la gestion du stress : e-TCC et biofeedback de variabilité de fréquence cardiaque". Thesis, Lille 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL2S008.
Testo completoStress is a major public health issue, responsible for the development and aggravation ofa large number of somatic (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, infectious diseases, etc.) andpsychiatric (anxiety, depression, etc.) disorders. Stress management through cognitive,behavioral and emotional therapies (CBT) is effective to reduce the negative consequencesof stress and prevent disorders in people at risk, but its access remains limited. Internetand new digital technologies, in particular self-help, e-CBT and heart rate variabilitybiofeedback (HRV biofeedback) have the potential to enrich CBT-based stressmanagement programs and make their access easier. In this context, the objective of thisthesis was to develop and evaluate innovative treatment formats using CBT and newtechnologies.Initially, the Seren@ctif program, the first French e-CBT program dedicated to stressmanagement, was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial on 120 patients respondingto the diagnosis of adjustment disorder with anxiety (ADA) according to the DSM-5criteria and consulting in the outpatient psychiatry service of the Lille University Hospital.The results showed that internet-based CBT guided by a human face-to-face contact timewith a supervised health professional (blended CBT) is as effective as the same face-tofaceCBT program for the treatment of ADA, compared to a control group of patientsbenefiting from usual care by their general practitioner.Secondly, a new HRV biofeedback, directly based on vagal activation, was designed froma new measure of parasympathetic activation developed by the team of ClinicalInvestigation Center of Innovative Technology at Lille. The different stages of elaborationof this new biofeedback are presented, followed by a proof of concept carried out onseveral patients with various anxiety and depressive disorders. This new HRV biofeedbackis a promising approach to non-invasively stimulate the vagus nerve. It could alsosustainably improve vagal activation and physiologically objectify the beneficial effect ofMindful Breathing. It could be complementary to the traditional respiratory sinusarrhythmia biofeedback and would allow to diversify the behavioral techniques associatedwith biofeedback.Researches presented in this thesis contribute to advancing research in the field ofinformation technologies applied to mental and behavioral health. They open upinnovative perspectives on a new way to deliver an internet-based CBT, on the potentialeffectiveness of a new HRV biofeedback or on the interest of a new marker of flexibilityof the autonomic nervous system in the objective evaluation of the effectiveness of thethird wave of CBT, especially Mindfulness
Erard, Marie. "Détection par ultramicroélectrodes de flux femtomolaires émis par une cellule vivante isolée : application au stress oxydatif et à l'exocytose de neurotransmetteurs". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066124.
Testo completoPeigné, Cassie-Marie. "Modalités fines d'activation antigénique des LT Vγ9Vδ2 humains : mécanismes de détection du stress cellulaire et implication de la butyrophiline BTN3A/CD277". Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=f2d45559-cfa5-42ae-a547-6aaf17d1ae3c.
Testo completoVγ9Vδ2 T cells are the major sub-population of γδ T cells in human blood. They play a leading part in protection of the organism against infectious agents and tumor cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specifically and strongly activated by small organic pyrophosphate molecules termed phosphoantigens (PAg) in a TCR dependant way. PAg are metabolites from the isoprenoid pathway shared by both procaryotes and eucaryotes. The activation modalities of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by PAg remain to be defined in detail. Results from our team revealed an important role played by the BTN3 (CD277) molecule during Vγ9Vδ2 T cell antigenic activation. BTN3, and especially the BTN3A1 isoform, is involved in activating Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. The work described in this thesis, aimed at investigating the underlying mechnisms allowing BTN3 molecule to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. We showed that the B30. 2 intracellular domain of BTN3A1 was able to fix PAg with a histidine residue in position 351 playing a vital role. Furthermore, we identified other proteins that could interact with this intracellular domain. We used the yeast double-hybrid technique, and identified six putative partner proteins. Finally, we carried out a function maping of the intracellular part of the various BTN3 isoforms. These results brought new insights into the antigenic activation modalities of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by PAg and clarify the key role played by the BTN3 molecule in this process
Melis, Nicolas. "Identification de deux nouvelles cibles dans la gestion du stress oxydatif ; la protéine CFTR et la voie d’activation d’eIF5A". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4030.
Testo completoOxidative stress represents a particular cellular condition, characterized by an intracellular increase in thereactive species level. These species are highly reactive towards biomolecules and result of oxygenconsumption by biological systems essentially through respiration. Deregulation of the cellular oxidativestate can initiate adaptive processes (as elevation adaptation) or several human pathologies (stroke,infarct). This thesis work has been devoted to the study of two news potential targets allowing atolerance/resistance towards disequilibrium of oxidative stress; the first one is CFTR, a channel protein(«Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator»), and the second one is the activation pathwayof the translation factor eIF5A («eukaryotic Initiation translation Factor 5A»). Based on the peculiaractivity of CFTR, consisting in the transport of glutathione, the major antioxidant of the cell, weevidenced the role of CFTR in the management of cellular oxidative state during cytotoxic drugexposure (cisplatin) or during adaptation to chronical hypoxia. The second target, eIF5A is the only oneprotein described as post-translationally modified by fixation of a hypusine residue. We demonstratedthat inhibition of eiF5A activation protect cells from reactive oxygen species generated during anoxia. Atcellular level, this protection is accompanied with deep metabolic and mitochondrial changes. Usinganimal models, we showed that inhibition of this eiF5A activation allows a tolerance against ischemicaccident in different organs (kidney and brain). These fundamentals results can have extensiveapplication in human clinical use (infarct, stroke, graft)
Eynard, Francis. "Apprentissage organisationnel et marketing "hygiénique" : interaction dans la restructuration des P.M.E. industrielles". Amiens, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AMIE0057.
Testo completoIn the first part, the study of apprenticeship deals with its physical and psychological bases. Applied to work organization, the psychological apprenticeship seems to question the conventional vision of work and that of the organization. The contribution of biology and ecology, through the theories of evolution and stress, can explain the interactions between the individual and the organization. The second part tries to give an empiric validation to this hypothesis, by a strategic approach of the enterprise's dismantling and its setting up again. Two surveys - one on the stress (2150 persons polled) and the other one on internal communication (72 industrial firms polled) - are proposing some indicators of that tendency, to validate later, with a more representative sample for the second one. Finally, an approach of the apprenticeship is proposed. Because of the quality imposed to the firms, the classical work organization is called into question by a necessary adaptation of the behaviour management, particularly of the apprenticeship. But shattering the behaviours acts upon the structures and the representations. The organizational learning can make work evolve and so the relational structures within the enterprise. This mutation is lived, by the workers, as an additional constraint, a factor of stress and internal deseconomics for the firm, which the science of management cannot ignore. The internal communication is an instrument which becomes more and more operational, as a means of learning by psychological conditioning. For the evolution of representations, communication becomes a part of the internal marketing, called here the "hygienic" marketing, because hygiene is the symbol of the preservation of health, thus of life. The internal marketing contributes to associate the individuals' behaviours to the organization's survival
Boudjelida, Abdelhamid. "Développement de modèles graphiques et logiques non classiques pour le traitement des alertes et la gestion des préférences". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0404.
Testo completoIn real life, we often find our self confronted to situations where decision making is necessary. Make a decision is to act according to the choices and preferences of agents as well as their knowledge on the world. Artificial Intelligence gave rise to many tools of representation and expression of agents' preferences and knowledge. Unfortunately, existing approaches are not completely satisfactory. Thus, the goal of the first part of this thesis is to propose an approach allowing the integration of experts' knowledge to the probabilistic graphical models used for classification tasks such as Bayesian networks. The performances of the developed models are concretely evaluated on problems of intrusions detection and alerts correlation in the field of computer security. The second part of this thesis relates to complex preferences handling in presence of functional constraints in uncertain environments and proposes a new non-classical logic for representing and reasoning with preferences in such environments. The works leaded in this second part, are tested on an electronic travel-agency system used by CNRS
Fayad, Fadi. "Gestion de la confiance dans un système de fusion multisensorielle : application à la détection de piétons en situations routières". Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1795.
Testo completoThis study is a contribution to the advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), mainly in the domain of road obstacles detection. Using data provided by one or more sensors embarked on a road vehicle, we're trying to identify and track mobile obstacles, thus allowing an automatic assistance which is adapted to the situation. For such data fusion system, the reliability of objects detection and recognition is very important; this is why we propose to manage the confidence in different stages of the process: detection, recognition and tracking. While tracking objects, we propose a technique to update the confidence in detection and recognition using belief functions. Pedestrian detection, which is the heart of the project LOVe (Logiciel d'Observation des Vulnérables), represents a particular case of this study for which a real time embedded system is developed to detect, identify and track pedestrians. The system is integrated in CARMEN, the experimental vehicle of HEUDIASYC laboratory