Tesi sul tema "Destruction of"
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1
Walker, George. "Creation and destruction". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271651.
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2
Specker, Mark R. "Beautification through Destruction". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin152231963353269.
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TOSTES, ISADORA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA. "DEATH DRIVE: DESTRUCTION AND CREATION". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36866@1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A presente dissertação pretende investigar o paradoxo da pulsão de morte: se, por um lado, os movimentos destrutivos que esta coloca em ação são claramente observados na clínica psicanalítica, por outro, nos interessa apontar a possibilidade de criação que a mesma propicia ao desfazer as ligações já estabelecidas, colocando o psiquismo frente ao irrepresentável que o movimenta. Para tanto, estudaremos o trabalho do negativo, tendo em vista que essa teorização nos permite examinar a ação da pulsão de morte em sua face estruturante e em sua face desestruturante do aparato psíquico. No que se refere a sua ação desorganizadora, pensaremos os efeitos patológicos da ação da pulsão de morte como efeitos colaterais de uma tentativa radical de sobrevivência a um objeto primário absoluto, portanto, como um esforço de subjetivação.
The present dissertation aims to investigate the paradox of the death drive: the destructive movements that are put into action are clearly observed in the psychoanalytic clinic, but in contrast we point out the possibility of creation that it facilitates by undoing what is already established, placing the psyche in front of the unrepresentable that makes it move. Therefore, we will study the work of the negative in view that this theorization allows us to examine the action of the death drive in its structuring perspective and in its deconstructing view of the psychic apparatus. With regard to their disorganizing action, we will think of the pathological effects of the death drive as the side effects of a radical attempt to survive an absolute primary object, therefore, as an effort of subjectivation.
4
Bergman, Noah C. "Architecture of Destruction and Renewal". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1336683389.
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5
Morales, Illán Maria Fuensanta. "Essays on Growth through creative destruction". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4021.
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Ishiguro, Naoki, Toshihisa Kojima e A. Robin Poole. "Mechanism of cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis". Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5380.
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Larsson, Esbjörn. "Tissue destruction in arthritis : experimental studies /". Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-708-8.
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8
Kirk, Vivien. "Destruction of tori in dissipative flows". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334214.
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LeHardy, Frank A. "Deterring weapons of mass destruction terrorism". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8244.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This thesis examines terrorist acts involving the use of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) against unsuspecting civilians by the Aum Shinrikyo and Rajneesh cults. The proliferation of WMD (i.e., nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons) has created a concern that terrorists might use WMD. Despite obvious signs, these groups were not identified as terrorists until after they committed terrorist attacks. This thesis identifies common characteristics of terrorists that have used WMD in the past and generates indicators of non-state actors that might commit WMD terrorism in the future
10
Judd, Michelle Dominie. "Local destruction of endometrium with lasers". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265147.
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Elkins, Ethan B. "Simulating Destruction Effects in SideFX Houdini". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/524.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As movies, television shows, and other forms of media have progressed over the last century, the use of destruction sequences as a form of entertainment have seemingly grown exponentially. From ginormous explosions to cities collapsing, more destruction sequences have drawn people’s attention in ways that are quite captivating. However, as content producers continue to push the limit of what is possible, the reliance on practical effects starts to dwindle in comparison to the usage of computer generated scenes. This thesis acknowledges the trend and dissects the entire process of how a general destruction sequence is made, from the research and planning process to the actual simulation of the effects. Various methods are discussed in how to attempt the creation of destruction with a singular project in mind. The goal is to not only to complete the sequence, but to do so in an efficient manner that can rival a professional workflow.
12
Andaluri, Gangadhar. "Ultrasound induced destruction of emerging contaminants". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/111771.
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Civil EngineeringPh.D.
There are many reports indicating the presence of emerging contaminants such as: estrogen hormones, 1,4-dioxane and perfluoro-octanoic acids in the natural environment. Estrogen hormones are considered important emerging class of contaminants due to their endocrine disrupting effects. These compounds are invariably found in the environment originating mostly from natural sources. Trace concentrations of estrogen hormones (low µg/L concentrations) have been detected in municipal wastewater treatment plants and observed in receiving water bodies. 1,4-Dioxane (C4H8O2) is used as an organic solvent and solvent stabilizer numerous in chemical processes. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) has recognized 1,4-dioxane as a toxic chemical and a possible human carcinogen. 1,4-dioxane has been detected as a contaminant in the natural environment, drinking water supplies, superfund sites, public groundwater sources in the United States, Canada and Japan at concentrations greater than the permissible standards. Perfluorinated chemicals such as perfluoro-octanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane-sulfonate (PFOS) have been manufactured for use in a variety of industrial and consumer applications. Due to their environmental persistence, PFOAs have been detected in surface waters at a number of locations at concentrations ranging from pg/L to ng/L. Elevated concentrations of PFOAs have been measured in surface and ground waters near specific point sources. Through this project, successful attempts have been made for the destruction of emerging contaminants using ultrasound. This study deals with the optimization of various process parameters for the destruction of estrogen hormones. The influence of process parameters such as power density, reactor geometry, power intensity, ultrasound amplitude, and external mixing was investigated. Artificial neural network (ANN) approach was used to describe the interactions between optimized parameters. The important findings obtained in the present work for the optimized estrogen degradation can help tackle the challenges of scale up such as operational optimization and energy consumption. The effect of process conditions such as pH and presence of oxidizing agents on the ultrasonic destruction of 1,4-dioxane and PFOA was studied. Acidic conditions favored the destruction of both the compounds. The presence of activated sulfate radicals enhanced the reaction rate kinetics. An innovative technology using electric potential and ultrasound for the removal organic contaminants was developed. The existence of organic contaminants in ionic form under certain process conditions has led to the development of this technology. Applying a low electric potential across the probe enhances the mass transfer of the contaminants into effective reaction zone, thereby enhancing the total destruction. A two-fold increase in the reaction rates was observed. This study shows ultrasound as an efficient and effective treatment technology for the destruction of emerging contaminants.
Temple University--Theses
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Solinhac, Marc. "L'ISR : un processus de destruction créatrice ?" Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS014S/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dans un contexte de crise économique et financière, de crise sociale via le dumping social renforcé par la mondialisation, et de crise environnementale engendrée par la raréfaction des ressources naturelles et la pollution de l’environnement, l’essor du développement durable et de la Responsabilité Sociale d’Entreprise (RSE) ainsi que de l’analyse extra-financière devraient participer à un processus de création d’innovations au sens de Schumpeter avec l’émergence de technologiques environnementales (Green Tech), et de nouveaux modèles économiques sociaux (Base of the Pyramid et Social Business,) et environnementaux (Économie circulaire, Cradle-to-cradle et Économie de fonctionnalité), sources de compétitivité selon Michael Porter. Ce processus de création d’innovation génère, selon la théorie Schumpetérienne, une destruction des situations préétablies. Au-delà du débat sur la performance des fonds ISR, les Investissements Socialement Responsables jouent un rôle variable dans le développement d’un nouveau cycle économique, selon que la gestion des fonds ISR relève d’une démarche active ou passive. Le renforcement de l’analyse environnementale, sociale et de gouvernance (ESG) participe au développement et à l’enrichissement de l’information extra-financière, ainsi qu’à la valorisation d’un choix social, environnemental et de gouvernance d’entreprise par les investisseursIn a context of economic, financial, social crisis through social dumping reinforced by globalization and environmental crisis by the scarcity of natural resources and pollution of the environment, the boom of sustainable development, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and extra-financial analysis should be involved in a process of creating innovations according to Schumpeter theory with the emergence of environmental technology (green tech), and new social models (Buddhist economy, base of the pyramid and social business) and environmental models (circular Economy, cradle-to-cradle and functional economy), source of competitiveness according to Michael Porter. This process of creating innovations generates a destruction of established situations according to the Schumpeterian theory. Beyond the debate on the performance of SRI funds, socially responsible investments have a varying role in the development of this new economic wave according to the management of SRI funds is active or passive. Therefore, the strengthening of the ESG analyses helps the development and enrichment of extra-financial information, as well as the promotion of a social choice, environmental and corporate governance by investors
14
Zipp, Gail Lea 1959. "SELECTIVE FINES DESTRUCTION IN BATCH CRYSTALLIZATION". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276337.
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Pettersson, Mats. "Modeling Genome Evolution : Creation, Change and Destruction". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Evolution, Genomics and Systematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8163.
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Historically, evolution has been studied either by looking at morphological traits in living organisms and the fossil record, or by using bioinformatics and comparative genomics. While highly useful for deducing evolutionary history, these approaches are not particularly well suited for studying the mechanisms of evolution. In order to address such issues, other methods are needed. Mathematical modelling is one of the most powerful options available, and it is the approach used in this thesis. By constructing models of biological systems, the work aims to resolve some of the many unresolved questions regarding evolutionary processes, such as how new genes evolve and how selection acts in fragmented populations. Some answers have been reached, and thus the thesis makes a small contribution to our overall understanding of evolution.
The creation of novel genes was studied both directly and by extension of an analogous system, which revolved around reversion of a frameshift mutant. The results pointed to gene amplification as a likely mechanism for both reversion of the frameshift mutant and creation of new genes.
Selection in fragmented populations is shown to be effective even when sub-populations, rather than individuals, are competing against each other. Modeling of a system of bacterial symbionts living in aphids indicates that, although the bacterial population within a single host is small and subject to rampant genetic drift, the bacterial population as a whole is regulated by selection on the host level. Thus, deleterious mutations do no accumulate and the population maintains its fitness over time.
16
Zuttah, Yawo. "Destruction de l'ammoniac dans les effluents miniers". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0019/MQ49057.pdf.
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Lindevik, Josephine, e Elina Lindholm. "Värdelöst värdeskapande : En studie om co-destruction". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24123.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study proceeds from a phenomenom called co-creation. If value can be created, it is logic to asume that it also can be destroyed. This phenomenom has earlier not been applied to long-term relationships such as business to business. In a business relationship it is important to identify factors, that leads to co-destruction, to be able to prevent them from appering. The purpose of this study is to identify which factors leads towards co-destruction. The study have used theories from Echeverri & Skålén (2011) which has designed a model explaning the outcome of co-creation and co-destruction. This model has been used to further develop the phenomenom and to only focus on co-destruction. Theories from Smith (2013) has been used to understand the resources exploited by parties in an interaction. These resources could be misused and lead to co-destruction. Plé & Chumpitaz Cáceres (2010) mean that the misues may be intentional or unintentional. The study has identified six factors that leads to co-destruction. These are: 1. To high expectations of budget, goals and time, 2. Non-continous information pick-ups, 3. Subjective condition, 4. Ancoring of organization, 5. Non-continous communication and 6. Detailed control of project. These factors are summarized in a proprietary model that explains the evolution of co-destruction.
18
Ibrahim, Maha Saleh. "An analysis of job destruction and downsizing". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10330.
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Oakley, P. "The creation and destruction of gold jewellery". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1399860/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis focuses on the tension that exists between the social identity of objects and their constituent substances, through an investigation of the activities and perceptions of professional practitioners who come into contact with either gold as gold objects or gold as an unconstrained substance. It adopts the strategy of ‘following the substance’ - considering the social flow of gold as a material - rather than being limited by the social biography of the object or taking a restrictive definition of production as just the physical fabrication of artefacts. Ethnographic data from fieldwork undertaken at assay offices, refiners, jewellery manufacturers and retailers and at precious metal scrap dealerships is analysed to identify how these sites interrelate through the movement of gold and the socially crucial points in this movement. The synthesised results of this analysis are presented as a visualisation of the social reclassifications of gold: the gold cycle. The main features of the cycle, including how the cycle incorporates the social trajectory of gold jewellery and the rite of passage undergone by gold as a substance, will be considered in relation to the subjects’ dominant self-identity as a group: The Trade. This case study is presented in order to contribute to the theoretical understanding of the social complexity of substances and the relevance of this to the production, consumption and destruction of objects.
20
Deminière, Bénédicte. "Destruction des émulsions concentrées par coalescence activée". Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10592.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les emulsions concentrees sont des systemes metastables qui ont une duree de vie finie. Ces materiaux ont une structure analogue a celle des mousses (on les nomme parfois mousses biliquides). Les applications de ces materiaux sont nombreuses : industrie des peintures, routieres, papetiere, pharmacologique, alimentaire, cosmetique, etc. La metastabilite associee a ces materiaux souleve deux questions fondamentales : i) comment caracteriser la metastabilite des interfaces (probabilite de coalescence d'un film de surface unite) et ii) comment les evenements de coalescence se distribuent dans le materiau pour transformer sa granulometrie jusqu'a la separation de phases macroscopique. Nous etudions la destruction d'emulsions concentrees par coalescence activee. Ces emulsions sont stabilisees par des tensioactifs non ioniques (hlb 10), tels qu'une augmentation de la temperature a pour effet immediat de declencher une transition de phases au sein de la phase continue des emulsions et conduit a l'apparition d'une nouvelle emulsion monodisperse. Nous observons ensuite un scenario de croissance remarquablement homogene, qui s'accelere dans le temps. Nous l'interpretons par un modele champ moyen a un parametre : la frequence de coalescence par unite de surface. Nous en deduisons les parametres associes a la metastabilite des films : l'energie d'activation et la frequence propre de coalescence. Nous etablissons le lien entre ces parametres microscopiques et la duree de vie du materiau. Finalement, nous identifions les variables qui permettent de basculer vers des croissances de type heterogene ou par amas.
21
Richartz, Jamie. "The destruction of life self-injurious behaviors /". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004richartzj.pdf.
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Weston, Peter. "Tar destruction in a Coandă tar cracker". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8241/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Increasing the utilisation of bioenergy systems has the potential to become a vital component in the struggle to maintain and fulfil global energy demands. In particular, biomass gasification can offer a solution to the ‘Energy Trilemma’, and provide an affordable, reliable and carbon neutral technology. The limiting factor hampering the progression of biomass gasification power plants is tar. Tars formed during the thermal breakdown of biomass, condense and foul downstream equipment, causing reliability issues and damaging energy conversion equipment, such as engines and turbines. Treating tar through partial oxidation offers tar destruction without waste and soot, as well as maintaining the heating value of the tar in the producer gas. Coandă burners which are fuelled by more conventional fuels have been proven to operate close to, and below, stoichiometric conditions; as such, these devices were prime for further investigation. The main objective of this research project was to develop a small-scale system which utilises a novel Coandă burner for tar destruction. An experimental rig consisting of a wood pellet pyrolyser, which produced a gas loaded with tar, and a Coandă tar cracker, was designed, constructed and operated in order to determine the effectiveness of the process, with respect to tar reduction. The principal experimental program was divided into two phases, so that comparisons of the tar composition, before and after treatment, could be formed. In the first experimental phase, wood pellets were pyrolysed at a range of temperatures between 500 and 800ºC. The pyrolysis products (gas, tar and char) were analysed. As the pyrolysis temperature increased from 500 to 800ºC there was a decrease in the yield of gravimetric tar in the sampled gas from 78.59 to 16.55 g/Nm3. In the second phase the tarry gas was treated by the Coandă tar cracker. The Coandă tar cracker was shown to be effective at significantly reducing the tar content in the product gas. The yield of key tar components in the treated gas was reduced for all tested pyrolysis temperatures. For example; when the pyrolysis temperature was 800ºC; the yields of benzene, toluene and naphthalene were reduced by over 90% and the gravimetric tar yield by 88%. The success of the tar cracker can be attributed to the high flame temperature (>1000ºC) and the addition of oxygen which leads to the production of a greater proportion of radicals in the flame which initiate tar destruction reactions.
23
Chen, Guangshun. "Electrochemical and thermochemical destruction of chlorinated solvents". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284174.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this work, an electrochemical method was developed to destroy liquid chlorinated solvents, and a thermochemical technique was invented to reduce gas-phase chlorinated solvents to hydrocarbons. The developed electrochemical method belongs to the most potential technique for wastewater treatment--only electrochemical method is possible to simultaneously destroy all water contaminants; the invented thermochemical method is the fastest way to destroy chlorinated solvents. In the first part of this work, the anodic oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) on an Ebonex ceramic electrode was investigated. TCE could be oxidized to CO₂, CO, Cl⁻, and ClO₃⁻. The disappearance of TCE was first-order, independent of pH, and initial TCE concentrations. TCE oxidation occurred only on the anodic surface and was limited by mass transport at Ea > 4.3 V vs SSCE ( i > 5 mA cm⁻²). Hydroxyl radicals generated on anode surface were detected using a spin trap. A kinetic model was successfully correlated with experimental results. In the second part of this work, TCE and CF were rapidly dechlorinated to hydrocarbons on the Ebonex ceramic cathode using Pt or Pd as catalyst. Pt was found to possess great resistance to sulfur and chlorine poisoning. Pd was quickly deactivated in sulfate solution. TCE and CF cathodic transformation were strongly dependent of pH. The reaction rate was limited by mass transport at Ec<-1.6 V (i > 5 mA cm⁻²). The mass transfer to cathode surface was found to be three times faster than to anode surface. The main products of TCE reduction were ethane, ethylene, and chloride, and for CF were methane and chloride. The proposed reaction mechanism and kinetic model were consistent with experimental results. In the third part of this work, a new hydrodechlorination method was invented for gas-phase chlorinated solvent destruction. Gas-phase chlorinated solvents, such as PCE, TCE, 1,1-DCE, VC, and CF were rapidly reduced to ethane, ethylene, and methane in a continuous-flow column reactor at ambient temperature and pressure. This is the fastest way to destroy chlorinated solvents. The catalyst could be easily regenerated and had a long-life time (over one and half year). The reaction mechanism and kinetics were studied. In the forth part of this work, the first three parts of work were combined together to invent a new destruction method for chlorinated solvents in real wastewater. Ebonex ceramic materials served as electrodes and Pt was plated on cathode used as catalyst in the electrolytic cell. The headspace of the electrolytic cell was connected to the Pd/Ni catalyst column. Liquid chlorinated solvents were destroyed on electrode surface, and gas-phase chlorinated solvents were reduced to hydrocarbons in the Pd/Ni catalyst surface in the presence of hydrogen. Water scale or other deposited materials on Pt coated Ebonex cathode could be removed, and the catalyst could be regenerated by reversing electrode polarity.
24
Taylor, Jodi Lynne 1962. "The kinetics of color destruction by oxidants". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291723.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Long Beach Water Department (LBWD) treatment plant presently employs conventional methods to treat groundwater sources which exhibit a characteristic color caused by naturally occurring organic matter. The incorporation of ozone into the treatment process train was investigated to enhance color removal. The effective dose and contact time required to meet the secondary color standard was found to be a function of initial color content of the water. UV absorbance was found to be a good surrogate parameter for color. Correlations using raw and ozonated water data exhibited a coefficient of determination (r²) of 0.81 and 0.70, respectively. The determination of a reaction kinetic model to describe color disappearance with ozone contact time was inconclusive. The ozone contact system was found to be mass transfer limited at ozone doses greater than 5.0 mg/l.
25
Jordan, Jason M. "Causal Skepticism and the Destruction of Antiquity". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ix, 325 p.This dissertation examines the development of skeptical views concerning causation from the medieval to the early modern period. While causal skepticism is often overlooked by intellectual historians, I argue that, in spite of its typical motivation as a religious response to shibboleths of ancient philosophy that stood askance from the dogmas of Abrahamic theology, causal skepticism was the greatest intellectual development of post-antiquity and ultimately culminated into modern Science. The first chapter examines Hume's famous analysis of causation and serves as a foil for the prior history of causal skepticism addressed in the subsequent chapters. The second chapter addresses the dispute over causation in medieval Islamic philosophy. I argue that virtually the entirety of Hume's analysis was anticipated, and in some cases superseded, by al-Ghazali in the eleventh century. The third chapter examines Averroes' critique of al-Ghazali, as well as the development of Aristotelian causal metaphysics in the Christian West. The fourth chapter concerns the development of the nominalist tradition skeptical attitude towards efficient causal explanation in the aftermath of the anti-Aristotelian condemnations of 1277. The fifth chapter addresses the Cartesian occasionalist tradition and its skeptical stance on secondary causation and the relation between this causal skepticism and central doctrines of Cartesian physics and metaphysics. The sixth and final chapter of my dissertation concerns the collapse of occasionalism and its many offspring. My ultimate thesis is that the hallmarks of both modern philosophy and modern science trace their origin to the failure of occasionalism to resolve its own internal contradictions.
Committee in charge: Dr. Naomi Zack, Chairperson; Dr. Cheney Ryan, Member; Dr. Colin Koopman, Member; Dr. Malcolm Wilson, Outside Member
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Riesing, Kara. "THE EFFECTS OF DESTRUCTION: A MACROECONOMIC STORY". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/economics_etds/47.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Destructive events such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks occur not only in developing economies but also developed economies. Consequently, the response of these economies has been observed in case of both type of events. This dissertation is a collection of essays regarding natural disasters, terrorist attacks and the macroeconomy. Specifically, I examine the response of local labor markets that reflect a wide spectrum of economies, but also have a safety-net in the form of being part of a developed country in the aftermath of a violent tornado. Further, I explore the heterogeneity in the economies response to natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Additionally, I investigate the effects of terrorism on growth and its disaggregated value added components.
The first chapter focuses on the effects of tornadoes on local labor markets. I examine the change in local labor markets caused by extreme tornadoes that occur in counties of the contiguous United States. I also investigate the effect these tornadoes have on neighboring counties and evaluate the labor market response in urban and rural counties separately as well. Using a generalized difference-in-difference approach on quarterly data spanning from 1975 to 2016, I find that counties experience persistently higher wages per worker two years following a violent tornado. The effects on urban county can be observed on employment, while the effect in the rural county is observed on wages per worker. Further, evaluating the response of labor markets by sectors reveals the industrial sectors that experience increased labor market activity.
The second chapter evaluates the long-run effects of natural disasters and terrorist attacks on growth and the channels through which they affect growth. Using the conceptual framework of a Solow-Swan model I examine an unbalanced annual panel of 125 countries spanning from 1970 to 2015 and find that domestic terrorist attacks, floods, and storms have a similar negative effect on growth, while transnational terrorist attacks and earthquakes have no significant effect on growth. Examining the channels through which they affect growth brings to the forefront the differences between these different types of events. I find that domestic terrorist attacks lead to increased military expenditures in their wake, while floods lead to increased non-military expenditures in their aftermath. Reviewing the data by developed and emerging economies reveals that developed economies are better able to absorb the shock of terrorist attacks as well as natural disasters. I find that although emerging economies are able to absorb the shock of transnational and domestic terrorist attacks, they experience some adverse effects from floods and storms.
The third chapter examines the path of GDP growth and its disaggregated industrial, service, and agricultural sector value added components in the aftermath of two types of terrorism - transnational and domestic terrorism. Using a panel VAR model on cross country annual data from 1970 to 2015 I find that fatalities caused by neither domestic nor transnational terrorist attacks lead to a significant change in GDP growth. Examining the disaggregated industrial, service, and agricultural sector components of GDP growth reveals that even disaggregated the value added components of GDP growth experience no adverse effects from the deaths caused by transnational and domestic terrorist attacks. I also distinguish the emerging economies from the entire sample to find that GDP growth in emerging economies experience no significant effects due to the casualties of transnational and domestic terrorist attacks.
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Talbi, Gaël. "Caractérisation, destruction et recyclage des déchets amiantés". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS135/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Afin de répondre aux problématiques écologique et économique du traitement des Matériaux Contenant de l’Amiante (MCA), un procédé complet permettant de traiter de manière optimale ces déchets a été proposé. Pour cela, trois types de déchets ont d’abord été analysés par plusieurs techniques de caractérisation complémentaires (diffraction des rayons X, microscopie électronique à balayage, infrarouge et RMN du solide). Ces analyses ont permis l’identification des différentes phases présentes au sein des déchets. Cette identification est nécessaire, car elle permet d’adapter de manière optimale le procédé de destruction au déchet. La première étape de ce procédé est le traitement en température des MCA dans une solution d’acide nitrique. Elle permet la dissolution de la matrice du déchet et la dénaturation des fibres de chrysotile qui sont présentes dans 95 % des déchets amiantés. Deux phases sont alors récupérées à l’issue de ce traitement : une phase solide composée de silice pure et une phase liquide contenant, notamment, du calcium, du magnésium et du fer. Si les déchets contiennent des fibres de type amphibole (5 % des MCA) ils sont ensuite traités par voie hydrothermale dans un autoclave contenant une solution de soude. Cette étape mène à la dissolution complète du déchet. Une solution basique contenant du silicium est ainsi récupérée. Différentes voies de valorisations ont été développées. Les ions présents dans la solution acide sont récupérés par précipitation sélective des hydroxydes. Une autre voie consiste à synthétiser une zéolithe à partir de la silice pure et de la solution basique. Les isothermes d’adsorption de cette dernière ont été tracés afin de déterminer sa capacité d’adsorption de certains cations métalliques polluants. Pour terminer, une étude fondamentale a été menée sur les nanotubes de silice obtenus avec le traitement de fibres d’amiante pures et différentes applications de ces nanotubes de silice ont été évoquéesTo answer the ecological and economic problems of the treatment of Materials Containing Asbestos (MCA), a complete process allowing to handle in an optimal way these waste was proposed. For that purpose, three types of waste were analyzed by several complementary techniques of characterization (X-rays diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, infrared and NMR spectroscopy). These analyses allowed the identification of the present various phases within waste. This identification is necessary, because it allows to adapt in the optimal way for the destruction of the waste. The first stage of the process is a treatment in temperature of the MCA in a solution of nitric acid leading to the dissolution of the matrix of the waste and the denaturation of the fibers of chrysotile which are present in 95 % of MCA. Two phases are then got back at the end of this treatment: a solid phase of pure silica and a liquid phase containing, in particular, calcium, magnesium and iron ions. If previous waste contains fibers of amphibole type (5 % of the MCA) they are then treated through a hydrothermal process in an autoclave containing a solution of soda. This stage leads to the complete dissolution of the waste. The basic solution containing some silicon is so got back. Various ways of valuations were then developed. The present ions in the acid solution are chemically sorted out by a selective precipitation of hydroxides. Another way consists in synthesizing a zeolite from the pure silica coming from the acid treatment and from the basic solution after hydrothermal treatment. The isotherms of adsorption of this synthesized zeolite were established to determine its capacity of adsorption of certain polluting metallic cations. To finish, a fundamental study was led on the nanotubes of silica obtained after the acid treatment of pure asbestos fibers and diverse applications of these nanotubes of silica were evoked
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Yue, Junqi. "Destruction of TNT and RDX residues and devices /". View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3188852.
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Alverbro, Karin. "Environmental and ethical aspects of destruction of ammunition". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27345.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many decision-making situations today affect the safety of individuals and the environment,for instance hazardous waste management. In practice, many of these decisions are madewithout an overall view and with the focus on either the environment or safety. Now and then the areas of regulation are in conflict, i.e. the best alternative according to environmental considerations is not always the safest way and vice versa.A tool for taking an overall view within the areas of safety and environment would simplify matters and provide authorities and industry with a better basis for their work. This thesis forms part of a project which aims to develop a framework tool giving this overall view and supporting decision-making in which the issues (areas) of environment, safety, ethics and costs are all integrated. By developing a framework tool, different areas of interest could be taken into consideration more easily when a decision is to be made and could also help develop legislation and policy locally (at an industry or company), nationally and internationally. The project also aims to provide knowledge about different destruction/decommission methods, their good and bad points and their consequences, in order to provide different actors with a better basis for decision-making. This thesis focuses on development of the framework. The scope of the studies was restricted to environment, ethics and personnel safety due to the extent of the work and time limitations. In the next part of the project, the areas of costs and evaluation will be studied and a first draft of the framework tool will be presented. In order to develop the framework tool, two case studies were carried out here: an environmental analysis involving a life cycle assessment and an ethical analysis. With the help of these analyses, three different methods of destruction of ammunition were compared: Open detonation, modelled both with and without recovery and recycling of metals; incineration in a static kiln with air pollution control combined with recycling of metals, modelled with two different levels of air emissions; and a combination of incineration with air pollution control, open burning, recovery of some energetic material and recycling of metals, giving a total of five options. Every method of destruction of energetic material, i.e. explosive waste or ammunition, results in environmental impacts in both the short and long term. These environmental impacts have direct or indirect impacts on safety, quality of life, the economy, etc., now and in the future, locally and globally. Life cycle assessment revealed two factors of importance for reducing the environmental impacts: Recycling the metals and air pollution control. As a consequence of controlling these potential negative environmental impacts, safety problems might also be controlled. Ethical analysis revealed that future generations and people in foreign countries will be affected by the destruction of ammunition. When choosing a method for destruction of ammunition, this group (the general public) should thus be given special attention.QC 20101210
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Binner, Eleanor, e ebinner@iprimus com au. "Investigation of trichloroethene destruction for the degreasing industry". Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20051025.112548.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The major objective of this project was to assess the application of atmospheric
pressure microwave induced plasmas to the control of trichloroethene vapour
emissions from industrial cleaning processes. Laboratory experiments, chemical
modelling and chemical analysis were the three major elements of the project. A
typical stream to be treated, as measured at the project test site, was 60 lmin-1 of air
contaminated with 2 % trichloroethene vapour.
The practical experiments carried out were trichloroethene dissociation by microwave
plasma, propane-assisted microwave plasma and conventional propane combustion.
Flow rates of 4 � 12 lmin-1, trichloroethene concentrations of 0 � 6 % in air and
plasma powers of up to 3 kW were investigated. The processes were simulated using
both equilibrium and kinetic modelling in CHEMKIN. Chemical analysis was done
using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector, with gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry to identify eluted compounds.
The destruction and removal efficiencies, by-products, temperature and robustness of
each process were investigated. A simple economic and environmental analysis was
done, and the results were compared with currently available processes.
31
Scheidgen, Michael. "On job creation and destruction : theories and evidence". Berlin Logos-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2844501&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Testo completo
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Elkington, Paul Timothy George. "Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue destruction in pulmonary tuberculosis". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419933.
Testo completo
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Minagawa, Tadashi, e Koji Yoneda. "Job Destruction and Coordination Failures in Labor Turnover". 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/21070.
Testo completo
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Chen, Ming-Jen. "Mechanical strength and destruction of biofilms in pipes". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368475.
Testo completo
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Lightfoot, Ian Peter. "Reductive destruction of chlorinated organics in molten salt". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2000. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/5116/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The destruction of hazardous chemicals, and in particular halogenated compounds, has become of significant interest in the last twenty years, as public awareness of Green issues has become more prominant. This work investigates the use of the DuPont process, for the non-oxidative destruction of organohalogens, as an alternative method of disposal for these environmentally hazardous compounds. A small-scale bath was constructed for the generation of a 2% sodium hydride solution in molten sodium hydroxide, by the reaction of hydrogen and metallic sodium. A variety of different halogenated compounds, both aliphatic and aromatic, were immersed in the molten salt of interest, along with respective non-halogenated analogues. The reaction products were analysed using a variety of different analytical techniques including FTIR, IC, GC and GCMS. By identifying these reaction products, possible reaction mechanisms have been postulated. For PVC, it is shown that the immersed polymer undergoes some form of base-accelerated thermal degradation, whilst the immersion of 4-chlorostyrene and poly-4-chlorostyrene apparently leads to an elimination-addition reaction. This results in the formation of the dechlorinated monomer, styrene, which then undergoes further reduction, giving ethyl benzene. The immersion of volatile halogenated compounds, such as chlorobenzene, leads to nucleophilic substitution. However, the presence of the hydride ion is shown to be essential, as the substitution reaction is in competition with volatilisation: no substitution is observed in molten sodium hydroxide alone. The rate of nucleophilic substitution in the presence of hydride is comparable to the rate of volatilisation, resulting in only 50% dechlorination. With non-volatile compounds, 100% dechlorination is observed in both the presence and absence of the hydride ion. However, the rate of dechlorination is significantly faster when the hydride ion is present. The ability of the 2% sodium hydride bath to dechlorinate poly-halogenated compounds is of particular interest, as the DuPont process could be used for the destruction of the more hazardous halogenated compounds such as PCBs and dioxins. Furthermore, due to the non-oxidative properties of the molten salt, no chlorinated gaseous products are observed, including HCl. This would be of major benefit to a method of disposal for halogenated hydrocarbons.
36
Hamill, Noel Anthony. "Photocatalytic destruction of dichlorobutenes in waste water treatment". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322954.
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Richardson, Josephine Lydia. "Cyclin B1 regulation in mitosis : dynamics and destruction". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614894.
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Vashchenko, N. "Medical herbs and the threat of their destruction". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8559.
Testo completo
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Lin, Wen-Chiang. "Destruction of nitrogen oxides in diffusion flame environments". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186797.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research is concerned with reburning, a combustion modification for NOₓ abatement. There are problems associated with conventional application of reburning, such as the three stage requirement, and slagging and corrosion in the reburn zone due to its reducing atmosphere. It is desirable to employ a more benign environment, and simultaneously eliminate both problems. One method which may accomplish this is to exploit the local reducing environment in diffusion flames to reduce NO, rather than hold an entire furnace zone under reducing conditions. To test this hypothesis was the motivation behind this research. Both experimental and theoretical studies were performed. Experiments employed a bench scale, CH₄ - O₂/CO₂, laminar counterflow diffusion flame. Flue gas was simulated by the oxidant, in which NO was added. The system was theoretically modeled by solving the governing equations numerically, using literature (detailed) kinetics. A novel finite difference method was developed to solve the stiff boundary value problem with steep gradients. The NO destruction potential of laminar counterflow diffusion flames was investigated under overall fuel-lean conditions. The integral results in the exhaust demonstrated large NO destructions under such conditions. Axial profiles of temperature, major species, C₂ hydrocarbons and stable nitrogenous species were measured in order to investigate the flame structure, and to allow comparison with the one-dimensional model. Excellent agreement between measurements and predictions was achieved for both axial profiles and integral results, in absence of edge effects. When edge effects are present, measured profiles agreed with those predicted, but the integrated results did not. From these results, it may be concluded that overall flame type is the predominant factor in determining NO destructions. A co-flowing diffusion flame which occurs beyond the burner edge can achieve high NO reductions (in excess of 88% in one case reported here). In order to obtain maximum destruction in the fuel region contained therein, NO should travel alongside the diffusion flame, and be continuously depleted. In addition, this type of flame was capable of reducing HCN emissions. Yet, the destruction of NO in a truly flat, one-dimensional counterflow diffusion flame is not great.
40
Choi, Taeyoung. "Study of Optical Destruction Techniques for Optical Discs". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195498.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The topic of this dissertation is on the investigation of optical techniques for completely destroying data stored in optical discs. Complete and secure destruction of data is important when disposal of an optical disc containing sensitive and possibly classified information is concerned, since some information can be retrieved even from a fragment of a disc. After several candidate techniques and related systems are examined and fundamental system components are identified, an optical data destruction (ODD) system using a focused high power laser beam is devised, and a prototype system is designed and constructed. The ODD system uses a high power laser diode (HPLD) to expose data marks on optical discs and maintains the focused laser beam on a data layer by a focus servo using a diffractive optical element (DOE).The optical characteristics of the beam emitted from an HPLD are thoroughly investigated, and a few methods of modeling an HPLD beam in an optical system are studied. With the understanding of the HPLD beam properties, a limited-divergence raytracing (LDRT) model is developed to predict the propagation behavior of the HPLD beam in an optical system and shows good agreement with the real HPLD beam. This LDRT method is used to model the HPLD beam in the ODD system and simulate the resultant focus error signal with and without fabrication errors.The DOE focus sensor overcomes the problems in conventional focus sensors associated with the use of an intense line beam. The DOE comprising two angled gratings is designed to use only two weak 3rd order beams for focus sensing and fabricated on a chrome-coated glass substrate using a maskless lithography tool.The constructed ODD system is then used to perform destruction tests on various optical discs, which are examined using static and dynamic methods of data observation and retrieval. The observations show that data marks are optical invisible or completely covered with numerous micro-bubbles. These test results demonstrate that secure and complete destruction of data on optical discs is achieved using an ODD system. Successful destruction, however, depends greatly on exposure conditions and the type of optical media.
41
Becker, Julian 1969. "Nitrogen oxides destruction in lean axial diffusion flames". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278532.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The destruction of nitric oxide (NO) in overall fuel lean axial diffusion flames of natural gas and air doped with NO has been investigated in order to test the applicability of this flame type for a combined reburning and fuel burnout stage. Reynolds numbers, based on burner conditions, were varied between 500 and 3000 for the fuel stream and between 1100 and 6750 for the air stream, so that laminar as well as turbulent diffusion flames could be studied. In addition, the following parameters were also varied: concentration of NO in the incoming combustion air, velocity difference between the reactant jets, overall stoichiometry, stand-off distance, and presence of additional species. NO reductions of more than 70% could be observed at an overall stoichiometric ration of 1.2, with only ca. 0.02% (dry) carbon monoxide in the exhaust.
42
Pioud, Géraldine. "Création et (auto-)destruction dans le cinema fossien". Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030185.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
En quoi la création et l'(auto-)destruction peuvent-elles agir dans un même processus ? Comment un cinéaste, auteur de seulement cinq flms, a-t-il réussi à imposer sa vision esthétique et narrative du cinéma ? Mettant en perspective la vie et l'œuvre de Robert Louis Fosse, dit Bob Fosse, ce travail pose la question du lien qui se crée entre la création et l'(auto-)destruction dans le cinéma fossien. Cette création trouve ses origines dans une forme classique de cinéma et dans l'utilisation de thématiques "populaires". L'(auto-)destruction, quant à elle, offre la nouveauté : elle permet de toujours recréer et de ré-construire. Il se dégage alors une dynamique qui conduit au constat que les deux concepts, la création et l'(auto-)destruction, ont toujours co-existé dans le travail de Bob Fosse. S'opposant à l'idée des esthéticiens spécialisés dans l'étude d'œuvres picturales et cinématographiques, ce travail assume son caractère psychobiographique. Ce procédé apparaît comme le seul, juste et efficace, permettant de mener à bien l'étude de cet artiste qui pensait que vie et spectacle ne faisaient qu'unHow can creation and (self-)destruction act in a same creative process ? How could a flm director, who made only fve flms, manage to impose his aesthetic and narrative vision of cinema ? Putting into perspective the life and work of Robert Louis Fosse, also named Bob Fosse, this work asks the question about the link that is established between creation and (self-)destruction in Fosse's cinema. Creation fnds its roots in a classical form of movie-making and the use of "popular" themes. (self-)destruction offers novelty : it enables to always re-create and re-construct. Emerges then a dynamic process that leads to establish the fact that both concepts, creation and (self-)destruction, have always co-existed in the work of Bob Fosse. In contrast to critics specialized in the study of pictorial and cinematographic works, this study accepts its psychobiographical character. This way of doing appears as the only just and effcient way of dealing with the study of an artist who thought that life and show made only one
43
Dabrowski, Richard S. "Russian-American cooperation in weapons of mass destruction counterproliferation". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA319530.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1996.Thesis advisor(s): David S. Yost, Peter Lavoy. "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77). Also available online.
44
Mostoller, Eric Charles. "U.S. assistance in the destruction of Russia's chemical weapons". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386920.
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Al, Guray. "Turkey's response to threats of weapons of mass destruction". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401656.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, December 2001.Thesis Advisor (s): Lavoy, Peter R. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-138). Also Available online.
46
Grönberg, Anton. "Real-time Mesh Destruction System for a Video Game". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64533.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Destructive environments in video games are a feature that can give a gamemore depth and realism by being able to change the landscape or raze a building.This report talks about the research and implementation of a dynamicdestruction system for the video game Scrap Mechanic. The end results are asystem that could split convex 3D meshes to smaller pieces in almost real-time.It was a somewhat stable implementation that needs some future work beforeit can be used in the game. Therefore, in this report, things that could beimproved with the current implementation and how to use it are discussed.
47
Pierce, Donna. "Formation and destruction of carbon monoxide in cometary comae". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3422.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Astronomy. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Sellick, David Richard. "Oxidative destruction of volatile organic compounds using heterogeneous catalysis". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55119/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The preparation, testing and characterisation of catalysts for the total oxidation of two volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been studied. These two VOCs were naphthalene and propane. Naphthalene was the main focus of this study. CeZrC>2 with varied Ce:Zr ratios and preparation methods was investigated for the total oxidation of naphthalene. These preparation methods were all precipitation methods using different precipitating agents (urea, sodium carbonate and supercritical CO2). Zr contents as low as 1 molar percent enhanced activity for both urea and sodium carbonate precipitated catalysts compared to CeC>2. A supercritical analogue was found to be less active. Pt/SiC>2 as a catalyst for naphthalene total oxidation was studied with a view to optimise an existing impregnation technique. A Pt loading of 2.5wt% with a calcination regime of 550 °C for 12h in static air with a ramp rate of 5 °C/min was found to be optimal. These preparation conditions were found to increase the proportion of metallic Pt which was found to exist as large crystallites with low dispersion. Other catalyst features were probed in this study. The type of silica used as a support was changed to novel hollow sphere silica then nanopore silica but no improvement in activity was found. Pt was then substituted for Pd which again did not improve activity. It was found that the Pd existed as Pd oxide hence Pd oxide is not as active for naphthalene oxidation as metallic Pt. The preparation of impregnated catalysts using non-aqueous solvents on so-called 'hydrophobic' materials was also investigated. These were tested for both naphthalene and propane total oxidation. It was found that Pt and Pd based catalysts afforded the most active catalysts. Several supports were studied which interacted with the impregnated metals in different ways. This affected the nature of the impregnated metals and therefore the activities of these catalysts. Some of the more active catalysts used supports that were of a low surface area. A high surface area SnO2 support was produced and impregnated with Pd. The high surface area SnO2 was found to be more active than the original Pd/SnO2 catalyst for propane total oxidation.
49
Dearman, Rebecca Jane. "Antibody-dependent destruction of neoplastic cells by celluar effectors". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276345.
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Simosa, Alicia E. "Factors affecting algal biomass growth and cell wall destruction". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2277.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Research using microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was conducted in order to determine the maximum CO2 concentration under which algae can grow, within the emission range from oil and natural gas burning plants (0-20%).
After choosing the optimal CO2 percentage, pH and alkalinity were determined; and finally, an electrochemical (EC) batch reactor connected to DC current was applied to achieve algae cell annihilation, and therefore, facilitate anaerobic digestion, methane production and energy recovery.
It was determined that algae can grow under 20% CO2, being 15% CO2 the most effective (pH of 6.64 and alkalinity of 617.5 mg/L CaCO3).
Electroporation using an electrochemical batch reactor is effective in breaking cells membranes, which simplifies anaerobic digestion process and methane production.
The parameters found effective for completely breaking the algae cell are: detention time of 1 more or less 0.5 minutes, and minimum voltage and current of 65 Volts/285 ml and 3.9 Amps/285 ml, respectively