Tesi sul tema "Dérive technique"
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Cordenod-Roiron, Emmanuelle. "L' art de la dérive dans l'œuvre romanesque d'Aragon". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC307.
Aragon's novels are permeated with an anarchic force — quite surprising, actually, in a writer whose submission to his party was particularly notorious. In this expansive set of textual excess and liberties, we hav spotted an unquestionably original writing phenomenon — unique in literature : at times, Aragon gets carried away: his style of writing takes on a life of its own — artfully crafted, though, so dazzling it becomes — withou the semblance of a guiding principle, in a purely expressive way — hence quite distinct from digressions, explanatory by nature. Such passages had never been related by Aragon, or literary criticism either. These we call drifts, since only that typical Aragonian image can best account for them. Drifts turn into real epiphanies of their very author, and secretly open up the novel to a lyrical narrative of himself. This has nothing to do with his ego flying off the handle; quite the contrary, Aragon gets to finds himself while drifting, which explains the striking unity — of form as of content — of these various drifts, a phenomenon that runs through al his novels, to varying degrees. Our author expresses — jubilantly — a hidden side of his, but elusively, too, so there is no pinning him down. This is a duet when novelist and poet unite — but in a new way that goes beyond either genre, since never would the poet indulge in such drifting. First, we delineate the concept, comparing it to a priori related forms: digression, as well as automatic and associative styles of writing. Then we analyze what is at stake in drifting, successively considering the novels narrative, composition and reception
Passerieux, Emeric. "Evaluation de la diversité génétique des sous-populations embryogènes issues de deux lots de semences de Picea Abies L. ) Karst". Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS064.
Mawawa, Gabriel. "Étude du transport des charges dans le silicium amorphe hydrogéné à l'aide d'une technique de photoconductivité modulée à deux faisceaux". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112303.
Cornille, Olivier. "Accurate 3D shape and displacement measurement using a scanning electron microscope". Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0021.
With the current development of nano-technology, there exists an increasing demand for three-dimensional shape and deformation measurements at this reduced-length scale in the field of materials research. Images acquired by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) systems coupled with analysis by Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is an interesting combination for development of a high magnification measurement system. However, a SEM is designed for visualization, not for metrological studies, and the application of DIC to the micro- or nano-scale with such a system faces the challenges of calibrating the imaging system and correcting the spatially-varying and time-varying distortions in order to obtain accurate measurements. Moreover, the SEM provides only a single sensor and recovering 3D information is not possible with the classical stereo-vision approach. But the specimen being mounted on the mobile SEM stage, images can be acquired from multiple viewpoints and 3D reconstruction is possible using the principle of videogrammetry for recovering the unknown rigid-body motions undergone by the specimen. The dissertation emphasizes the new calibration methodology that has been developed because it is a major contribution for the accuracy of 3D shape and deformation measurements at reduced-length scale. It proves that, unlike previous works, image drift and distortion must be taken into account if accurate measurements are to be made with such a system. Necessary background and required theoretical knowledge for the 3D shape measurement using videogrammetry and for in-plane and out-of-plane deformation measurement are presented in details as well. In order to validate our work and demonstrate in particular the obtained measurement accuracy, experimental results resulting from different applications are presented throughout the different chapters. At last, a software gathering different computer vision applications has been developed
Bahrouni, Hassouna. "Caractérisation de l'efficacité technique des systèmes de pulvérisation et des pertes de pesticides appliqués aux cultures basses dans les régions méditerranéennes : cas de la Tunisie". Phd thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508302.
Duponnois, Romain. "Contribution à l’identification de situations dangereuses et à leurs détections par l’analyse des dérives de l’équipement de production. Application à une ligne d'assemblage automatisée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0028.
In a work situation on an automated assembly machine, technical drifts during operation can lead to machine malfunctions. These malfunctions can lead the operator supervising the machine to adapt and react to reduce the effect of these technical drifts on the rest of the working situation. To respond to these malfunctions, the operator may place himself in a hazardous situation.In this context, this manuscript contributes therefore to prevent work accidents on machines. The major contribution of this thesis is methodological. The aim of the proposed method, named Working Situation Health Monitoring (WSHM), is to define a working situation’s health indicator that will enable the monitoring of the appearance of these potentially hazardous situations, from data generated by the machines. To define this indicator, we suggest identifying these potentially hazardous situations by analyzing the potential drifts of the work situation. These drifts can be technical (drifts of product characteristics, drifts of the product flow characteristics, and/or drift of the machine health) and/or from interactions between the operator, the machine and/or the products.To support this identification, we suggest modeling the work situation as a whole by representing it as a system. This modeling allows capitalizing the information on the studied work situation in a unique data model based on a pattern (working situation’s reference model). The contribution of this work has been tested on a case study (an automated assembly machine for educational purposes) in order to prove its feasibility
Boisdé, Frédéric. "Sur la mise au point de dosages immunoenzymatiques de pesticides et de leurs dérivés : le cas des dithiocarbamates et de l'éthylènethiourée". Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002BRES2038.
To date, the official method to be used for the measurement of dithiocarbamates residues is to first carry out an acid hydrolysis of the samples and, after distillation, to quantify the released carbone disulfure (CS2) by spectrophotometry. But, this procedure is spoilt with many drawbacks, e. G. Low reproducibility, detection threshold unsuited for certain quantifications and lack of specificity. On the other hand, the classical quantification techniques, i. E. GC and HPLC, are sensitive and specific, but require a high-cost equipment and qualified operator(s). This is why enzyme immunoassays that, in addition, allow one to process several samples at the same time have sounded as a relevant alternative to the usual techniques. We first report on the synthesis of molecules whose structure is alike that of the pesticides to be quantified. The additional arm they carry, usually, consists of a more or less long chain of methylenes and ends with a carboxylic acid function. These haptens can be linked to the surface of carrier proteins, BSA and Ova, through an amide bond with lysyl residues. Then, in a second step, these various hapten-protein conjugates were used as either immunogens for production of specific antibodies for the pesticides of interest, or tracers in competitive ELISA assays for the development of quantification protocols. This study allowed us to both develop a complete enzyme immunoassay for thirame measurement and get competitive antibodies for ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamates and one of their by-products, ethylenethiourea, known as being carcinogenic
Lorion, Magali. "Nouvelle technique d'assemblage de benzolactames poly et diversement fonctionnalisés : applications et développements". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-133.pdf.
Mantovani, Bourgey Julie. "Cartographie des sites d’insertion d’un vecteur dérivé du VIH-1 : Mise au point d’une technique à haut débit". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EVRY0010.
A major step of the life cycle of retroviruses is their integration in the genome of the host cell. This property was advantageously used for the development of gene therapy vectors which allow stable transgene expression even after a certain number of cellular divisions. Nevertheless, the use of these vectors also revealed a risk due to insertional mutagenesis. The evaluation of this risk needs the analysis of the integration sites distribution. I developed a “high throughput” technique for the identification of insertion sites of a HIV-1 vector. This new technique called VITA, Vector Integration Tag Analysis, generates 21 bp long genomic tags at the vicinity of the insertion site. Their concatenation allows the increasing of the analysis flow of existing techniques. This work describes the development and the validation of the technique as well as the results of its application in a pre-clinic project
Moisan, Lionel. "Traitement numérique d'images et de films : équations aux dérivées partielles préservant forme et relief". Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090055.
Nguyen, Thi Nhung. "Les techniques des produits dérivés et leurs champs d'application au café du vietnam". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0333/document.
The main objective of the thesis is to find solutions to improve the effectiveness of risk management for Vietnamese coffee stakeholders through trading on commodity exchanges. Like any agriculture products being subject to an important international exchange, coffee is known as a price significantly fluctuated product, which impacts not only the profitability and sustainability of producing entities, but also the export value of the major producing countries. The issue of management of price risk and implicitly, which relates to the appropriateness of the derivatives usage as hedging tools are central in fact.In order to understand how derivatives are applicable in the circumstances of Vietnamese coffee producers, the thesis focused primarily on studying about how to organize the coffee supply chain in Vietnam and foreseeing whether more intervention from intermediaries (traders, industrial shopkeepers) – before the product arrives the consumer – causes any effects. Each participant may face many risks, which has a direct or indirect impact on the product sale price. Producers are exposed to the risk of falling prices while intermediaries (processors or “simple” traders) are exposed to the risk of reducing their intermediation margin. In fact, they buy the product to resell but the two activities (selling and buying) are not done in a simultaneous way. From this point of view, the risk level to which they are exposed is usually significant in comparison with their commercial margin. The thesis tried to define which the most appropriate solutions should be taken by Vietnamese coffee producers in order to protect themselves against short-term unfavorable prices. This led us to consider the relevance of domestic as well as international coffee futures markets.For exporting products like coffee, there are two types of market which coexist: The Future Market (or organized market) - such as ICE Europe in London which deals Robusta coffee, ICE Futures U.S with Arabica coffee, CME and CBOT, the oldest and most active commodity exchange in the United States, and the Forward Market which is in India, China and Vietnam. There’s no better market since each type has its advantages and disadvantages. However, based on the previous research of commodity and finance exchange, we could estimate its respective interests for the Vietnamese economy leading to the possibility of optimizing only to the risk management function. Therefore, its roles in information dissemination and the implementation of storage policies may be unavoidable in some cases. According to this evaluation, the thesis also aims to propose some methods of improving the price risk management and storage policies in the Vietnamese coffee sector
Karabina, Evaghelia. "Valorisation chimique du glycerol : obtention d'éthers à partir d'époxydes gras et d'esters d'acides gras époxydés". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT039G.
Aubé, Anne-Marie. "Le cercle et ses dérives : de l'atelier à la composition picturale vers la galerie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26996/26996.pdf.
Trigeaud, Béatrice. "Les règles techniques dérivées de l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale et de l'Organisation maritime internationale". Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020048/document.
In order to regulate the international civil navigation (air and maritime), the States have chosen to act through two specialized United Nations agencies. Hence they confered the International Civil Aviaton Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) the power to oversee the elaboration of technical rules relevant to this field. In general, the rules adopted by these organizations require various forms of States acceptance to be effective (i.e. express or implied, collective or individual forms). Their implementation depends on unilateral acts of States, that can sometimes act sometimes collectively. And the States are often amicably controlled by the ICAO or the IMO. Behind the apparent clarity, lay some gray areas. Beyond the situation of third and private individuals, and the relationship between international order and national legal systems, one can wonder about the nature of these normative institutions. These could be perceived as normative authorities acting on the basis of an established power. However, this interpretation would ignore the incessant game of States’ will. Whenever the will of the States stretches the power of the institution, the irreducible constituent and contractual freedom of the States appears. The degree of centralization of these systems would be blurred by the observation that their effectiveness depends on the willingness itself of their subjects, which is more or less held by technical necessities, and that would not be without practical consequences
Gowda, Veerapa. "Eléments finis discontinus pour les lois de conservation scalaires non linéaires". Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090038.
Garcia, Guillen Emilie. "Pris dans la Grande Bibliothèque. Entre attachements et dérives :Des professionnels de la culture en mode projet". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/323756.
The thesis explores a project for the design of a large library in a recently created French metropolis, which is intended to be a flagship cultural facility for the agglomeration. The stakes of this large library, which is supposed to be 'meaningful and forward-looking for the inhabitants', are therefore very important for the elected officials in various ways (dynamism of the cultural policy, image of the city, influence of the metropolis, etc.). The research focuses more specifically on the activity of librarians working on this library, "in project mode". My problematic stems from a surprise: one might expect the design of such a facility to be a moment of effervescence, ebullience, confrontation of visions, experimentation and inventiveness for the professionals. Now, three years after the project manager took up her post and my investigation began, it seems that the library that is taking shape closely resembles many other large establishments created in France in recent years (in terms of architecture, services, etc.). "In fact, I think that the politicians' order was to have a library," says a librarian in charge of a working group [in early 2020]. This surprising remark highlights the gap between the openness that the project's perspective seemed to promise and the ordinary nature of what is going to be done: in the end, it was just a matter of designing a library. This thesis seeks to understand how the process of imagining this great library, carried out in 'project mode' following a managerial device that today strongly permeates the cultural sector, is a process that tends to alter inventiveness, imagination and research concerning the future place. It should be said that 'altering' does not mean prohibiting or destroying: rather, I seek to show that the project mode makes the project something other than a process centered on the design of a place that 'carries meaning and a future for the inhabitants'. Inspired by the approach of pragmatic sociology, I will try to grasp the project through the circulation of models that contribute to its framing and the hold of managerialization, while remaining attentive to the interstices and overflows through which other desires and other holds on this great library are revealed.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Krajian, Hour. "Les liquides ioniques : nouveaux milieux pour les techniques électrocinétiques miniaturisées ? Applications". Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES037.
This work takes its place in the application of «Green Chemistry» in Separation Sciences. Indeed, the Ionic liquids represent a new generation in the family of green solvents with their unique physicochemical properties and they appear particularly well adapted to the electrokinetic techniques. Thus, we intended to test the potentialities of original Ionic Liquids based on phenylcholine and ethylcholine respectively, as new mediums in this context by Capillary Electrophoresis. Two sets of themes were envisaged: the first was related to the analysis of alkaline and alkaline-earth cations by Capillary Electrophoresis, with indirect UV detection, the Ionic Liquid played simultaneously the role of the running electrolyte and the chromophore, generating the background signal. While the second was referred to the study of the enantioseparations of original binaphthols atropisomers, in Capillary Electrophoresis by means of cyclodextrins (CD-CZE), in presence or not of chiral ionic liquids
Ladjimi, Hamed. "Mise au point d'une technique de dosage chromatographique des principaux dérivés foliques : application à l'étude des folates tissulaires chez le rat en régime normal et supplémente en acide folique, effets des cobalamines et de la phénytoi͏̈ne". Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA114818.
Afraites, Lekbir. "Les techniques d'optimisation de forme pour résoudre le problème inverse de la tomographie d'impédance électrique". Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1691.
The goal of this work is to study the inverse problem in tomography : it acts of the identification of an inclusion located inside a domain that have different conductivities based on the boundary measurements. We solve the problem by the shape optimization method. In fact, we proposed two identification’s methods : the first one consists of minimizing the cost functional of the Least Squares. The second method concerns the cost functional of the Kohn-Vogelius. For dealing with the problem numerically, we proved the existence and calculated the gradients of the two cost functionals. Then, we used the integral equations method to solve direct problems. Concerning the optimization’s procedure, we used the Quasi-Newton method "BFGS". In order to analyze the stability of the problem, we studied the second derivative of the state and we calculated the shape Hessian of the cost functional. Then, we proved that the Riesz operator associated to the Hessian is compact, consequently, the associated quadratic form of the second derivative of the cost functional is not coercive. To overcome this difficulty, we regularized the problem
Marteau, Benjamin. "Paramétrisation et optimisation sans dérivées pour le problème de calage d’historique". Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS014V/document.
We worked in this thesis on a classical inverse problem in the petroleum industry, historymatching. We proposed a new geostatistical parameterization technique as well as a new derivativefree optimization algorithm adapted to the problem specificities. The parameterization method is based on two approaches found in the literature, the local gradual deformation method and the domain deformation method. Similarly to the local gradual deformation method, our method combines two or more model realizations inside previouslydefined zones. Moreover, our method adds the possibility to dynamically update the shape ofthe zones during the optimization process. This property substantially improves its robustnesswith regard to the initial choice of the zones. Thus, the greater flexibility brought by our methodallowed us to develop an initialization methodology which garantees a good initial point for theoptimization. To reduce the number of evaluations needed to minimize the objective function, we madethe assumption that a local parameter does not influence the production data of a distantwell. With this hypothesis, the objective function is then considered partially separable. Theoptimization algorithm we developped, called DFO-PSOF, is a trust region algorithm basedon quadratic interpolation models which exploits this partial separability property. Numericalresults obtained on some reservoir test cases validate both the hypothesis and the quality of ouralgorithm for the history matching problem. Moreover, a theoretical convergence result towardsa first order critical point, is proved for this new optimization method
Ogier, Arnaud. "Méthodes de restauration en imagerie médicale tri-dimensionnelle". Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S100.
Barles, Guy. "Contribution à la théorie des solutions de viscosité des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi du premier ordre et applications à des problèmes de contrôle optimal et de perturbations singulières". Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090004.
Pouzet, Sandrine. "Synthèse de phases pelliculaires de polypyrrole dans un réacteur électrochimique utilisant la technique des électrodes poreuses percolées par un écoulement pulsé". Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT034G.
Yousefian, Farchid. "Application des techniques radiatives inverses à la métrologie thermique par voie spectrométrique infrarouge". Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2271.
Le, Tarnec Louis. "Sur la résolution efficace d'équations aux dérivées partielles en mécanique des fluides multiphasique et imagerie médicale". Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0044/document.
This work is divided into four parts. The first three parts, as a common base, aim at adapting a finite volume scheme (VFFC) to various situations, in order to get a better efficiency for the numerical simulation of complex flows. The first part deals with the efficient numerical simulation of a falling block of liquid in a gas pocket, and proposes a new model to combine previous work for associating precision of results and computational efficiency. The second part aims at the establishment of a general AMR (Adaptive Mesh Refinement) scheme for resolution by finite volumes of non-conservative systems. The purpose of the third part is the dynamic coupling of two models representing more or less finely a given physical system. Finally, in any other area where the efficiency of solving partial differential equations is of great importance too, the fourth part deals with the problem of optical flow in imaging - i.e. the research of a displacement field from several successive images - and deepens an existing method (Horn and Schunck method) from a practical and theoretical perspective
Dominget, Alexandre. "Les techniques dérivées de la microscopie à force atomique pour la caractérisation des interconnexions après polissage mécano-chimique et nettoyage". Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0137.
Cleaning efficiency and the removal of metallic contaminations have appreciable impact on productivity and reliability. The control of metallic residuals is essential with the implementation of new integration schemes such as self aligned barrier. This study de,. Als with the use of two derivative AFM techniques for the characterization of post-CMP and post-CMP cleaned surfaces: the c-AFM for the measurement of surface leakage and the KFM for the measurement of surface potentials and work functions. The first part highlights that the Ta/TaN polishing time has a crucial impact on the surface leakage. The issues observed during the measurements with our experimental conditions will be discussed. KFM analyses show the impact of CMP and post-CMP clean parameters on surface potentials. Work function measurements on post-CMP copper samples show the influence of the passivation layer. The copper work function is reduced, depending on the nature of the passivation layer formed during the immersion in the cleaning solution
Faure, Jean-Baptiste. "Application des techniques d'homogénéisation à la prise en compte des phénomènes de rugosité en lubrification hydrodynamique". Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10068.
Seeger, Alberto. "Analyse du second ordre de problèmes non différentiables". Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30118.
Elayyadi, Mohamed. "Equations aux dérivées partielles et réseaux de neurones pour le traitement d'images". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004940.
Drira, Fadoua. "Contribution à la restauration des images de documents anciens". Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0111/these.pdf.
The massive digitization of heritage documents raised new prospects for Research like the restoration of the degraded documents. These degradations are due to the bad conditions of conservation and even to the digitization process. Images of old and degraded documents cannot be the retored directely by classical approaches. Hence, we propose in this thesis to develop and analyze document image restoration algorithms. We are mainly interested in foreground/background degradations, since they harm the legibility of the digitized documents and limit the processing of these images. For background degradations, considered as a problem of the superposition of layers, we propose two-based segmentation methods. The first is a recursive approach that relies on the k-means clustering algorithm and the principal component analysis. The second method is an improvement of the initial algorithm of MeanShift in an attempt to reduce its complexity. For foreground degradations, we propose to tackle the problem with PDE-based diffusion approaches. This solution has many useful features that are relevant for use in character restoration. Our comparative study of existing methods allows us to select the best approaches well adapted to our problem. We propose also a new diffusion method preserving singularities and edges while smoothing. Our previously proposed solutions, the diffusion and the Mean-Shift algorithms, are used with success in a joint iterative framework to solve foreground and background degradations. This framework generates segmented images with more reduced artefacts on the edges and on the background than those obtained in separate application of each method
Theljani, Anis. "Partial differential equations methods and regularization techniques for image inpainting". Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH0278/document.
Image inpainting refers to the process of restoring a damaged image with missing information. Different mathematical approaches were suggested to deal with this problem. In particular, partial differential diffusion equations are extensively used. The underlying idea of PDE-based approaches is to fill-in damaged regions with available information from their surroundings. The first purpose of this Thesis is to treat the case where this information is not available in a part of the boundary of the damaged region. We formulate the inpainting problem as a nonlinear boundary inverse problem for incomplete images. Then, we give a Nash-game formulation of this Cauchy problem and we present different numerical which show the efficiency of the proposed approach as an inpainting method.Typically, inpainting is an ill-posed inverse problem for it most of PDEs approaches are obtained from minimization of regularized energies, in the context of Tikhonov regularization. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the choice of regularization parameters in second-and fourth-order energy-based models with the aim of obtaining as far as possible fine features of the initial image, e.g., (corners, edges, … ) in the inpainted region. We introduce a family of regularized functionals with regularization parameters to be selected locally, adaptively and in a posteriori way allowing to change locally the initial model. We also draw connections between the proposed method and the Mumford-Shah functional. An important feature of the proposed method is that the investigated PDEs are easy to discretize and the overall adaptive approach is easy to implement numerically
Gadji, Macoura. "Caractérisation de deux anneaux dérivés du chromosome 22 découverts en période prénatale à l'aide de techniques de cytogénétique et de génétique moléculaire". Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22427/22427.pdf.
Objective: Cytogenetic and molecular genetic characterization of two constitutional ring chromosomes 22 identified during prenatal diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A 39 year-old woman, G4P2A1, had amniocentesis at 163/7 weeks of gestation. Conventional and molecular cytogenetic studies with microsatellite analysis of the fetal and parental cells were performed. Results: The fetus had two ring chromosomes derived from chromosome 22 with three breakpoints: one located at the centromere, another, at the p11.2 subband and the third, at the q13.31 subband. The distal part of the two derivative chromosomes was lost. Then, two rings resulted: a small and a large one. The small ring was formed by joining the end of p11.2 subband to a portion of the centromere; the other by joining the second part of the centromere to the end of q13.31 subband. The male fetus presents the following karyotype: 47,XY,r(22)(p11.1p11.2),+r(22)(q11.1q13.31). The proband’s chromosome aberration occurred de novo from the maternal chromosome. At the autopsy, the fetus showed minor clinical features. The number of fetal nucleated blood cells detected in peripheral maternal circulation, showing positive signals for Y chromosome and DiGeorge/VCF.TUPLE1 probes and absence of ARSA control signal, was 10 cells per mL. Conclusion: Despite the haploinsufficiency of many active genes, the fetus showed minor congenital malformations.
Ghose, Avisek. "Etude des propriétés photophysiques de dérivés de l’oxyluciférine et leurs applications à l’étude d’interactions entre biomolécules". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ005/document.
In this work, we investigated the emission mechanism of the optically active part of the firefly luciferin-luciferase complex. This bioluminescent system is widely used in bioanalytical assay. This amazing natural phenomenon results in the emission of visible light (yellow-green-red) from the photoproduct Oxyluciferin. This color tuning mechanism involves six chemical species, but their active involvement in the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) mechanism was poorly understood so far. One of the main finding presented here relies on the identification of six chemical forms of Oxyluciferin involved in the color tuning fluorescence emission mechanism. This result was obtained by studying the optical properties of different structural analogues of firefly Oxyluciferin in aqueous buffer. Different spectroscopic (steady state and time-resolved) and chemometric approaches have been applied to reveal the emission mechanism. In addition, the photophysical properties of Oxyluciferin in complex with the Luciferase enzyme Luciola cruciata have been studied in aqueous buffer as well. In parallel, derivatives displaying environment sensitive emission were used to monitor biomolecular interactions. In particular, we demonstrated that Oxyluciferin can be employed to map intracellular pH by using fluorescence microscopy within living cells. With the help of another Oxyluciferin derivative we were able to monitor the interaction between a HIV-1 protein and different oligonucleotide sequences by means of ratiometric measurements. Finally we develop an approach based on cysteine labeling to monitor in vitro protein-protein interaction
Souiki-Figuigui, Sarra. "Etude de la fiabilité de mémoires PCRAM : analyse et optimisation de la stabilité des états programmés". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT032/document.
Nowadays, new technologies are rising steadily and forming an integral part in the daily lives of everyone. They take advantage of the development of electronic systems for which the complexity requires the use of memory devices more and more efficient and with large storage capacities. Because of some performance degradation, the scaling of Flash technology who was so far predominant in the non-volatile memories market, is today reaching its limits. As a result, different emerging resistive memories are being developed. Among them, the phase-change memory technology PCRAM is very attractive because of its non-volatility, scalability, as well as reduced cost compared to standard Flash. Nevertheless, to compete with other technologies and to address the embedded applications market, PCRAM still face some challenges, such as decreasing the programming current densities, increasing the programming speed and increasing the thermal stability of the two memory states. For that purpose, different solutions have been tried in the literature, including using new device architectures and optimized phase-change materials. In this work, we are interested in investigating the failure mechanisms that affect thermal and temporal stability of phase change memories, in particular the retention of the RESET state and the stability of the programmed states disturbed by the drift phenomenon. The development of alternative materials using an optimized stoichiometry or incorporating doping allows us to achieve high electrical performance devices and to reach the required retention properties of embedded applications and particularly the automotive one. Moreover, thanks to the development of a new pre-coding procedure, these devices allow to keep stable the preprogrammed data on the memory chip during the soldering step of the latter on the electronic circuit. They represent a promising solution for Smart-Card applications. Finally, we have proposed an optimized programming procedure which enables to reduce the drift effect of the resistance of the SET state observed for optimized materials. This drift phenomenon was investigated by using low frequency noise measurements. Therefore, we have shown that this effect is due to the structural relaxation of amorphous parts in the active material. Besides, we highlighted for the first time the major influence of interface defects on the low-frequency noise of this state
Samson, Christophe. "Contribution à la classification d'images satellitaires par approche variationnelle et équations aux dérivées partielles". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00319709.
Bacle, Astrid. "Perturbateurs endocriniens et patients en insuffisance rénale chronique terminale : impact des techniques d'hémodialyse sur l'exposition au Bisphénol A et à ses dérivés chlorés". Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT1406/document.
The health safety conditions for the practice of hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration (HDF) do not integrate the risks associated with micropollutants such as endocrine disruptors (ED). Dialysed patients are at risk of overexposure to Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-recognized ED, due to its occurrence in medical devices used during dialysis and to the risk of accumulation due to their renal impairment.In a first step we have confirmed BPA contamination in dialyzers and demonstrated, for the first time, that the water used in HD was a significant source of BPA contamination, via dialysate production. Furthermore, we highlighted the presence of chlorinated derivatives of BPA (ClxBPA), by-products of water chlorination known to have higher oestrogenic activity than BPA, in dialysis water. Then, We have demonstrated that HDF leads to a higher risk of exposure to ED than HD, via the contamination of the liquid of substitution perfused in patient. These results will allow manufacturers to take into account the risk of contamination to these ED as well as physicians and pharmacists involved in patient care.Very few data are available regarding the clinical impact of such exposition on dialysed patient and no study has included the risk arising from ClxBPA. Therefore, we have performed exposure biomarkers using ultra-sensitive analytical methods to determine BPA and ClxBPA concentration in urine and plasma. These biomarkers will allow studying the impact of different dialysis techniques on patient exposure to these ED
Leuma, Yona Rodrigue. "Etude des interactions des dérivés de la Thioflavine T avec les agrégats amyloïdes". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/601/.
Three main categories of PET ligands (ThioflavinT (ThT), styrylbenzene (SB) and aminonaphtyl derivatives) of Alzheimer's disease associated aggregates are currently under investigation for the early diagnostic by this molecular imaging technique. Yet not much is known about the structure/function relationships explaining the nature of the interaction marker/ aggregate and most improvement of binding affinity seemed to arise from random studies. In the course of this PhD work, we have synthesized ThT derivatives and started a rational structure/affinity study. First of all, syntheses of derivatives have been carried out either under microwave irradiation or using lanthanide catalysis. Further functionnalization has been obtained either by the way of reductive alkylation with an array of carbonyl derivatives, or using Suzuki cross coupling. Benzothiazole derivatives were obtained in all cases with good to excellent yields. The transfer of these syntheses to an automatised synthesiser allowing parallel synthesis has been explored. We then prepared and characterized amyloïd fibrils in vitro. Finally, in vitro binding affinities of theses derivatives to different amyloïd aggregates have been determined by Chemical Physics techniques. This enabled us to propose some important feature regarding the marker/Amyloid beta fibrils interaction. This work now allows us to propose efficient alternative methods to obtain such PET radioligands, this gives an efficient access to a broad array of derivatives of this family and to their later functionnalization. One can also propose some hypotheses regarding the molecular design of binding affinity of this family of ligand to amyloïd fibrils. This study will be pursued in order to synthesize radioligands with better binding affinity and specificity for PET imaging
Chemat, Farid. "Le chauffage micro-ondes dans les procédés de synthèse organique : application à l'hydrolyse des nitriles et à la pyrolyse de l'urée". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT017G.
Gagnière, Émilie. "Étude du procédé de co-cristallisation de molécules d’intérêt pharmaceutique : aspects cinétiques et thermodynamiques". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10249.
Co-crystals represent a class of compounds, which offers huge opportunities for the pharmaceutical industry. Most studies presented in the literature deals with the thermodynamic diagram and crystal engineering. This work adds the kinetic aspect that must imperatively be taken into account in the establishment of a crystallization process at an industrial case. Different in-line process analytical techniques were carried out to monitor the co-crystallization process. The model system carbamazepine / nicotinamide was selected. The use of an in-situ visualization probe allowed us to build the phase diagram of the model system studied. Afterwards, the kinetic pathways of the co-crystallization process were highlighted thanks to the following of the solute concentrations by Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy. Finally, the phase transition between carbamazepine and co-crystals was monitored by IR spectroscopy, and by using simultaneously the visualization probe with the Lasentec FBRM probe. In order to finally obtain the only co-crystal phase, we subsequently verified that it was possible to correct a situation of process deviation, for which another crystalline phase remained in suspension
Andouze-Bernard, Séverine. "Lois de conservation scalaires a coefficients discontinus". Antilles-Guyane, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AGUY0048.
Derkaoui, Abdechafik. "Dimensionnement pour des critères dynamiques et énergétiques de systèmes mécatroniques comportant des sous-systèmes à paramètres répartis : approche par méthode inverse". Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0080/these.pdf.
This work of thesis aims to explore the extension of the methodology of dimensioning using inverse procedure developed at the laboratory with a new class of systems: systems with distributed parameters (DPS). A schedule of conditions being imposed and a selected structure for the chain of actuation, this step makes it possible to check that the components of a system mecatronic make it possible to follow the trajectories imposed on outputs of the system by the schedule of conditions while respecting the constraints of power. In a system-approach, modeling is mainly based on the analysis of the macroscopic phenomena and led to models with localized parameters; however it can be necessary to take account of the distributed characteristic of the physical parameters for some subsystems. The need for leading a specific study for this class of systems is related to the mathematical form of the equations which govern their behavior. Our intention is not to study in the general case the conditions of inversibility of the systems of partial differential equations, but to analyze the influence of distributed parameters subsystems with physical support on dimensioning of the mecatronic systems by inverse procedure. Our contribution makes it possible to extend this methodology, valid for multi-physics systems, with multi-scales considerations. From the Bond Graph representation of various formulations of the PDE, we studied the properties of structural inversibility of these subsystems. Examples resulting from the structural mechanics and fluid mechanics are developed in this memory in order to illustrate the extension of the methodology of dimensioning to this type of subsystems and to highlight the problems associated to the choice of the approximation method
Louiset, Estelle. "Implication de l'activité électrique des cellules mélanotropes de grenouille dans les processus de couplage stimulus-sécrétion : étude par la technique de patch-clamp". Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES033.
Wang, Xuefeng. "Fonctionalisation de naphtalèn-1,4 dione : Synthèse et applications dans les dispositifs biocapteurs". Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077052.
During the last few decades, electrochemical biosensors have been intensively investigated, due to their potential usefulness in clinical diagnosis and environmental survey. In this work, two reagentless and label-free electrochemical biosensors for direct detection of either a protein or a small organic pollutant have been studied. The first one is based on a juglone-peptide conjugate (JAP) and designed for the detection of XIAP, a cancer biomarker. JAP is co-polymerized with juglone on glassy carbon electrodes and the biosensor can detect in a specific manner the BIR3 domain of the XIAP protein with a detection limit of 1 nM (13 ng mL-1). The detection is highly specific in comparison with an unrelated protein and some negative control peptides. In addition, a double verification is performed to exclude all false positive results. This biosensor may be used as an early diagnostic method in certain cancer pathologies, involving high expression of XIAP. For the second one, bisphenol A (BPA) is immobilized on carbon electrodes according to the same strategy as above. The binding between the anti-BPA antibodies (a-BPA) and immobilized BPA induces a decrease of the electrochemical signal and the presence of BPA in a sample, depleting the antibody from the electrode, increases the signal. The biosensor has an excellent selectivity and a limit of detection as low as 2 pg mL-1, one of the most sensitive known. This sensitivity meets the requirement of environmental monitoring In conclusion, two electrochemical biosensors are successfully developed in this work to detect either a protein biomarker, XIAP or a small endocrine disruptor, BPA
Rajchenbach, Corinne. "Etudes "subpicosecondes" par techniques DRASC et absorption du nitrométhane et de dérivés nitrés du trans-stilbène photo-excités. Importance des canaux non radiatifs de désexcitation dans les mécanismes d'initiation d'une explosion". Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10590.
Savignat, Jean-Michel. "Approximation diffuse Hermite et ses applications". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2000. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00577930.
Lozes, François. "Traitements d'images sur surfaces et variétés avec mise en application au patrimoine culturel 3D". Caen, 2015. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01131419.
In this thesis, we are interesting in transposing and solving PDEs and variational problems on general surfaces or manifolds. PDEs and variational methods are one of the most important tools widely used for modeling and solving inverse problems, e. G. , in image processing and computer vision. Recently, many of these methods were extended to non-local forms. However, most of the research works on local or non-local processing focus only on image processing on Euclidean spaces. In this thesis, we propose an approach to transpose and to solve PDEs on surfaces and point clouds. This latter approach is based on the representation of point clouds by weighted graphs and the framework of Partial differential Equations (PdEs). This approach requires no pre-processing of point clouds, and allow to extend and to adapt non-local PDEs by changing only the topology of the graph
Martin-Fardon, Rémi. "Effets comparés de traitements chroniques par la cocai͏̈ne et la N-[1-(2-benzo(B)thiophényl)cyclohexyl]pipéridine (BTCP), sur la concentration extracellulaire de dopamine dans le striatum de rat". Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20186.
Amirbekyan, Karen. "Etude de l'interaction des nouveaux dérivés de Hoechst 33258 avec l'ADN et d’induction d’excimères en présence d’ADN de différentes sondes pyrénylées". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT193.
The development of new DNA binders and the evaluation of their affinity toward DNA as well as their mode of binding is an area of research of prime importance. In this thesis we studied the interactions of Hoechst 33258, a well-known groove binder, as well as some of its newly synthesized derivatives with DNA. The stability of DNA-Hoechst 33258 complex in solution with and without DMSO as a co-solvent was evaluated.Secondly, the affinities of newly designed and synthesized derivatives of Hoechst 33258 toward DNA were evaluated. Finally, a set of pyrene derivatives able to induced excimer formation upon binding to DNA were studied. Different spectroscopic methods, such as UV-vis absorbance, fluorescence, circular dichroism, ESI mass spectroscopy and molecular docking were applied for the complete evaluation of the affinity of these ligands toward DNA
Ben-Kiran, Taoufiq. "Étude d'un problème de perturbation singulière elliptique non classique". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10040.
Gaye, Oumar. "Contrôle du profil de facteur de sécurité dans les plasmas de tokamak en dimension infinie". Angers, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00774718.
The increasing energy needs of the world population require the development, the control and the supply of new forms of energy. In this context, nuclear fusion is a track of extremely promising research. World project ITER is intended to prove the scientific and technical feasibility of nuclear fusion. One of the many key-goal is the control of the current profile spatial distribution in plasmas of tokamak, which is one of the main parameter for the stability and the performance of the experiments. The spatiotemporal evolution of this current is described by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations. In this document stabilization is proposed considering robust control of current profile spatial distribution in infinite dimension. Two approaches are proposed : the first one is based on sliding mode approach and the second one (of type proportional and proportional integral) is based on the Lyapunov functions in infinite dimension. The design of the control law is based on the 1D equation resistive diffusion of the magnetic flux. The control laws are calculated in infinite dimension without space discretization