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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Depression"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 13 luglio 2024

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1

Page, Stewart. "Depression in men, depression in women, and the depressing nature of theories of depression." Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne 31, n. 3 (1990): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0078922.

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2

Klein, Daniel N. "Chronic Depression". Current Directions in Psychological Science 19, n. 2 (aprile 2010): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721410366007.

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Traditionally, non-bipolar depression has been viewed as an episodic, remitting condition. However, with the recognition that depressions can persist for many years, the current diagnostic classification system includes various forms of chronic depression. The distinction between chronic and nonchronic depressions is useful for reducing the heterogeneity of the disorder. Individuals with chronic depression differ from those with nonchronic depression on a variety of clinically and etiologically significant variables, including comorbidity, impairment, suicidality, history of childhood maltreatment, familial psychopathology, and long-term course. In contrast, there is little support for current distinctions between different forms of chronic depression. This suggests that it may be simpler to collapse the existing forms of chronic depression in the current classification system into a single category. However, there is growing evidence that other characteristics, such as age of onset and a childhood history of early adversity, may provide meaningful approaches to subtyping chronic depression.

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3

Hsieh, Chee-Ruey, e Xuezheng Qin. "Depression hurts, depression costs: The medical spending attributable to depression and depressive symptoms in China". Health Economics 27, n. 3 (8 ottobre 2017): 525–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.3604.

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4

Holden, C. "Depression: the news isn't depressing". Science 254, n. 5037 (6 dicembre 1991): 1450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1962202.

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5

Carson, Richard C., Steven D. Hollon e Richard C. Shelton. "Depressive realism and clinical depression". Behaviour Research and Therapy 48, n. 4 (aprile 2010): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.11.011.

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6

Grampp, Peter. "Behandlungsoptionen bei Depression Therapieresistente Depressionen". Die Psychiatrie 13, n. 04 (ottobre 2016): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1669706.

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7

Bo, Yu, Zhang Tao, Zheng Kexun, Zuo Shuangying, Han Xiao, Wang Senlin e Chen Shiwan. "Enclosed Karst Depression Identification and Analysis for the Pumped Storage Power Station Reservoir Construction Using DEM". Geofluids 2023 (22 luglio 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4794665.

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An enclosed karst depression, a typical natural negative terrain, has the advantage of less engineering excavation when constructing a reservoir. In this study, the enclosed karst depression and its range identification technique have been developed. What is more, the geometric parameters and spatial distribution of enclosed karst depressions in Anlong County, Guizhou Province of China, have also been analyzed. Results show that (1) the focus statistic method and local terrain contour tree model were developed to identify enclosed karst depression and its range using regular grid DEM data with 12.5 m spatial resolution, which has been applied to enclosed karst depression identification in Anlong County. (2) 7262 independent and nested depressions with an average density of 3.7/km2 were identified by using the proposed method. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed model have been verified through comparative analysis and visual recognition comparison. (3) High-density depression areas (5.6 depressions/km2), medium-density depression areas (2.9 depressions/km2), and low-density depression areas (1.1 depressions/km2) were well classified through kernel density analysis. (4) The geometric parameters of enclosed karst depressions (area, perimeter, circularity, depth, elevation, slope, and volume) were all analyzed in the study area. In addition, an indicator called DCK (depression is caused by karstification) was proposed to evaluate the dissolution degree and karstification stage of the enclosed karst depression. Based on the DCK, we determined that around 2.7% of depressions were identified as middle-stage and suitable for reservoir construction with enough volume and good slope stability. The idea and method in this research could provide a technological support for the engineering utilization of enclosed karst depressions.

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8

Rabi-Zikic, Tamara, Aleksandra Nedic, Marija Zarkov, Petar Slankamenac, Dragica Dobrenov e Zeljko Zivanovic. "Poststroke depression: Diagnosis of depression, phenomenology and specificity of depressive symptoms". Medical review 62, n. 3-4 (2009): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0904148r.

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The diagnosis of depression. Depressive disorder is nowadays diagnosed by the two widely used diagnostic systems - International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization, 10th revision and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Criteria of the American Psychiatric Organisation, 4th edition. The criteria for depressive disorder used in these two systems are almost identical. Poststroke depression. The diagnosis of depression may be difficult to establish in stroke patients, especially in patients with aphasia/dysphasia, anosognosia and other cognitive dysfunction. Major vs. minor poststroke depression, specificity and sensitivity of depressive symptoms: The phenomenology of major poststroke depression has been found to be similar to that of primary depression, and it appears that minor and major are not stages of the same continuum, but rather separate entities. Contrary to common opinion, non specific somatic symptoms do not hinder the diagnosis of poststroke depression and can be highly discriminative and crucial in the evaluation of poststroke depression. Validity of the poststroke depression diagnosis Studies have shown that a valid diagnosis of poststroke depression may be established successfully using structured or semi-structured neuropsychiatric interviews, according to the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Criteria. Conclusion. It appears that no new diagnostic tools specific for major depression in stroke patients are necessary. The existing diagnostic procedures will fail to diagnose or misdiagnose depression only in few stroke patients.

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9

Thomas, Dr Abel Abraham. "POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION". INDIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND SCIENCE 7, n. 4 (settembre 2020): 2359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2020.7.3.4.

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10

Kharytonov, Volodymyr. "Features of the psychopathological condition of patients with epilepsy and depression in an interictal period". Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii 27, n. 2 (99) (10 giugno 2019): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-v27-is2-2019-13.

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The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the characteristics of the psychopathological state of patients with epilepsy and depressions of various genesis (organic, psychogenic and endogenous) in the interi ctal period. Were investigated the severity and structure of psychopathological manifestations, as well as separately the level and structure of anxiety in patients with epilepsy depending on the form of depression in a comparative aspect with patients with epilepsy without signs of depression. According to the selected forms of depression, are analyzed the severity and structural features of depressive symptoms. Was established that patients with depressions are characterized by more pronounced and diverse psychopathological manifestations, in the structure of which, apart from depressive manifestations, anxious and psychosomatic symptoms are formed (with organic and psychogenic depressions); as well as asthenic manifestations, a decrease in the level of interpersonal interaction and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (with endogenous depressions). Is determined the highest level of psychopathological distress in patients with epilepsy with endogenous depressions. Key words: epilepsy, organic depression, psychogenic depression, endogenous depression, interictal period, psychopathological condition, anxiety, depressive manifestations.

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11

Westen, Drew, M. Jay Moses, Kenneth R. Silk, Naomi E. Lohr, Robert Cohen e Harry Segal. "Quality of Depressive Experience in Borderline Personality Disorder and Major Depression: When Depression is Not Just Depression". Journal of Personality Disorders 6, n. 4 (dicembre 1992): 382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1992.6.4.382.

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12

Omelchenko, M. A. "Clinical Features of Youth Depression with Attenuated Symptoms of the Schizophrenic Spectrum". Psikhiatriya 19, n. 1 (28 marzo 2021): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-1-16-25.

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Objective: establishment of clinical and psychometric features of youth depression with attenuated symptoms of the schizophrenic spectrum (ASSS) for early differential diagnosis and nosological assessment.Patients and methods: clinical and psychometric examination of young 219 inpatients (average age 19.6 ± 2.4 years), first admitted to the clinic “Mental Health Research Centre” from 2011 to 2020 with the first depressive episode with ASSS. Control group of inpatients (52 patients) with “classical” youth depressions without ASSS (average age 19.6 ± 2.4 years). Diagnosis according ICD-10: F32.1, F32.2, F32.28, F32.8.Results: the psychopathological structure of youth depression with ASSS is characterized by the following types: (1) depression with attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS), which were divided into the subtype (1a) depression with APS and (1b) depression with brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms (BLIPS); (2) depression with attenuated negative symptoms (ANS), comprising two subtypes (2a) with most emotional damage and (2b) with volitional impairment, and type (3) with attenuated symptoms of disorganization (ASD) in the structure of depressive episode. Clinical and reliable psychometric differences have been established between depressions with ASSS and «classical» youth depressions without ASSS. Conclusions: youth depression with ASSS is definitely different from “classical” youth depression without ASSS. Differences have been found in the psychopathological structure of youth depression with ASSS, resulting in a typological differentiation.

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Beattie, Jodi C., e Russell L. Elsberry. "Western North Pacific Monsoon Depression Formation". Weather and Forecasting 27, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2012): 1413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-11-00094.1.

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Abstract Relatively few studies have been carried out as to the conditions leading to the formation of monsoon depressions in the western North Pacific. Two monsoon depression formations during July 2007 were analyzed using ECMWF analyses and satellite observations. Wave-activity flux calculations indicated that cross-equatorial flow from the Southern Hemisphere played an important role in the formation of these monsoon depressions. A new conceptual model of monsoon depression formation in the western North Pacific is proposed that includes three southerly airstreams in the Southern Hemisphere that lead to cross-equatorial flows into the Northern Hemisphere. Examination of 44 monsoon depressions from April to December 2009 confirms the critical role of these cross-equatorial flows in monsoon depression formation. All of the monsoon depressions in the 2009 sample for which formation conditions could be established had at least one of three possible airstreams that interacted with a confluent region and, thus, may be a necessary condition for monsoon depression formation. This conceptual model of monsoon depression formation was further confirmed by means of wave-activity flux calculations and backward trajectory ensembles for the 2009 cases.

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14

Hou, Cai-Lan, Sheng-Jun Zhang, Xie Chen, Zhuo-Hui Huang, Cheng-Jia Yang, Fu-Jun Jia e Ming-Zhi Xu. "Bipolar depression had more atypical depressive symptoms in comparison with unipolar depression". Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research 37 (settembre 2020): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.npbr.2020.05.006.

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15

Zeng, Lan, Haoyong Shen, Yali Cui, Xuefeng Chu e Jingli Shao. "Incorporating the Filling–Spilling Feature of Depressions into Hydrologic Modeling". Water 14, n. 4 (19 febbraio 2022): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14040652.

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Abstract (sommario):

Surface depressions are one of the important impact factors of hydrologic processes and catchment responses. However, in many hydrologic models, the influence of depressions is often simulated in a lumped manner, which results in the insufficient characterization of the filling–spilling–merging–splitting dynamics of depressions and the threshold behavior of the overland flow. The objective of the research reported in this paper is to improve the simulation of depression-influenced hydrologic processes by capturing the threshold control of depressions. To achieve this objective, a Depression-oriented Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT-D) is developed. Specifically, the intrinsic changing patterns of contributing area and depression storage are first determined and further incorporated into the SWAT to simulate the filling–spilling of depressions and depression-influenced overland flow dynamics. The SWAT-D was applied to a depression-dominated watershed in the Prairie Pothole Region to evaluate its performance and capability. The simulated and observed hydrographs at the watershed outlet showed good agreement, with only a 7% deviation between the simulated and observed volumes of discharges in 2004. The NSE values for the simulated monthly average discharges during calibration and validation periods were 0.78 and 0.71, respectively, indicating the ability of the SWAT-D in reproducing the depression-influenced catchment responses. In addition, the SWAT-D was compared with other depression-oriented modeling techniques (i.e., the lumped depression approach and probability distribution models), and the comparisons emphasized the improvement of the SWAT-D and the importance of the research reported in this paper.

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16

Hartlage, S., L. B. Alloy, J. Fawcett e K. Arduino. "Depressive personality characteristics and clinical depression". Biological Psychiatry 39, n. 7 (aprile 1996): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(96)84033-9.

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17

BENAZZI, FRANCO. "Residual Depressive Symptoms in Bipolar Depression". American Journal of Psychiatry 159, n. 5 (maggio 2002): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.5.882.

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18

Smarr, Karen L., e Autumn L. Keefer. "Measures of Depression and Depressive Symptoms". Arthritis Care & Research 72, S10 (ottobre 2020): 608–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.24191.

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19

Paykel, E. S. "Which depressions are related to life stress?" Acta Neuropsychiatrica 14, n. 4 (agosto 2002): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140402.x.

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This paper examines the relationship of recent life events to specific kinds of depression using published studies and the author's own work. An overall effect of life events on depression has been found consistently and is moderate in degree. In suicide attempts there are stronger and more immediate effects than in depression. Life events precede both non-melancholic and melancholic depressions. It is only in recurrent depressions that life events are less common with melancholic pictures. Life events influence bipolar disorder as well as unipolar. Mania may be preceded by life events, particularly those involving social rhythm disruption, but it is harder to rule out events which are consequences of insidious development of illness. There are strong effects of life events and social support in postpartum depressions but in postpartum psychoses these effects are absent. Events precede depression comorbid with other disorders as well as pure depression. The course of depression is also influenced by life stress with less remission where negative events occur after onset and better outcome where earlier adverse events are neutralized. Relapse is related to immediately preceding life events. However, where depressions are both severe and recurrent life stress effects weaken and as the number of episodes increases preceding life events lessen. These findings suggest that some kinds of depression are more related to psychosocial causation and some are more biological in origin.

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Gottschalk, Louis A. "On Shame, Shame-Depression, and Other Depressions". Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes 64, n. 3 (agosto 2001): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/psyc.64.3.225.18465.

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21

Araya Vergara, José F. "Análisis de la carta geomorfológica de la cuenca del Mapocho". Investigaciones Geográficas, n. 32 (1 gennaio 1985): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-5370.1985.27693.

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The Mapocho basin (Central de Chile) is divided into two morphotectonic styles by the Mapocho fracture. ln the northern section, of the Santiago depression an intense monoclinal warping anda deep alveolar excavation evidence important uplift of the western border. ln the southern section, the asymetry is stronger than the former one and inverse, giving a fault angle depression. This fracturation of the depression's bottom has affected both the conditions of sedimentation and the drainage patterns, causing antecedence phenomena and antagonistic effects between tectodynamics and external morphogenesis. Concerning present tectonics and seismicity, the presence both of different tectonic compartments and depositional landforms in the depression, is possibly more important than the faults themselves in the explanation of the distribution of seismic intensities. ln the northern section of the depression there is a characteristic combination between alluvial cones and "glacis" (bahadas). Moreover, marshy terraces correspond to bad drainage conditions. ln the southern section, in exchange, the central compartments are occupied by proximal cones and dista1 terraces. Slopes are presented as slope systems anda new classification supported on the structure and the external dynamics is used. At the same time, the concept of dissection balance allows relate slopes and talweg dynamics. Therefore, it can be known if the more important morphogenetic processes are present or ancient. So, the fluvial landforms at the depression's bottom are inherited. In the present conditions it is unlikely the transport of coarse sediments from the high mountain toward the depression. Moreover, the torrentialand sheet wash morphologic systems are also inherited. Present through put of material from active slopes toward beds and depressions is possible only during heavy storms of rain y years.

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Bartova, Lucie, e Siegfried Kasper. "CHRONOBIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION". Psychiatria Danubina 33, n. 3 (17 novembre 2021): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2021.446.

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23

Joyce, Peter R. "Neuroendocrine Changes in Depression". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 19, n. 2 (giugno 1985): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678509161309.

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Biological research in depression has concentrated on ‘endogenous’ depressions and over the past 30 years has been guided by the amine theory. Neuroendocrine abnormalities in depression have been reported for over 20 years and include changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and thyroid axes, in growth hormone and prolactin secretion. As neurotransmitters regulate neuroendocrine secretion, inter-relationships between neurochemical and neuroendocrine abnormalities may provide a window for understanding the pathophysiology of depression. The availability of these biological markers for depression opens new possibilities for research in psychiatric diagnosis and for management.

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24

Takei, Nori, e Genichi Sugihara. "Diagnostic ambiguity of subthreshold depression: minor depression vs. adjustment disorder with depressive mood". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 114, n. 2 (agosto 2006): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00802.x.

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25

Galant, Yves. "Wuth (Beitrag zur medikamentosen Therapie von Depressionszustan den. Knoll’s Mitt. № 3. 1933)". Kazan medical journal 29, n. 10 (12 gennaio 2022): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj90160.

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Wuth (Beitrag zur medikamentosen Therapie von Depressionszustan den. Knoll's Mitt. No. 3. 1933) provides an overview of the drug treatment of various states of depression: true endogenous depression (melancholy), reactive depression and psychogenic depression. The former arise from unknown causes; the second group also refers to endogenous depressions, but with them there is a provoking mental cause.

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Gedevani, E., G. Kopeiko, O. Borisova, T. Vladimirova, E. Smirnova e V. Kaleda. "Depressions with religious experiences". European Psychiatry 65, S1 (giugno 2022): S218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.567.

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Introduction Despite a significant number of studies devoted to the relationship between depression and religiosity, the diagnosis of depression in religious patients is complicated due to the insufficiently studied psychopathology and the peculiarities of the patient’s experiences. Objectives To determine the specific features of psychopathology and phenomenology of depression, masked by a “religious facade”, for timely diagnostics and prevention of suicidal behavior. Methods One hundred and fifteen religious (orthodox) inpatients (41 male, 74 female) with depression (F31.3, F31.4, F 32.1., F 32.2, F 33.1, F 33.2 according to ICD-10) were examined. Psychopathological method, HAM-D, SIDAS and statistical analysis were applied. Results Five types of depression were specified, which differed in psychopathological structure and content of the religious experiences. Overvalued ideas of guilt and sinfulness were predominant in melancholic depressions, ideas of God-forsakenness and the loss of “living” faith - in apathetic. Depressions with overvalued doubts whether the right faith and confession has been chosen accompanied with anxiety, melancholy and apathy. It should be specially mentioned apathetic and melancholic depressions characterized by “spiritual hypochondria” with specific cenesto-hypochondrical symptomatology. Melancholic depressions characterized by high suicidal risk prevailed (65%) over the other depressions. Conclusions Depressions masked by a “religious facade” often are not recognized due to specifical content, which results in lack of timely diagnostics and creates a high risk of suicidal behavior. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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Stavrakaki, Chrissoula, e Beverley Vargo. "The Relationship of Anxiety and Depression: A Review of the Literature". British Journal of Psychiatry 149, n. 1 (luglio 1986): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.149.1.7.

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The nature of the relationship between anxiety and depression has been much debated. The research in the past 15 years is reviewed in the context of three conceptual models: (a) anxiety and depression differ quantitatively; (b) anxiety and depression differ qualitatively; and (c) combined anxiety and depression syndromes (anxious depressions) differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from either pure anxiety or pure depression. The major areas of research—phenomenological, treatment, course and outcome—are considered and findings in support of each position reviewed.

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Sharp, Susan L. "Depression and Manic Depression". Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 41, n. 11 (novembre 2003): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-20031101-16.

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Royall, Donald R. "SOME “DEPRESSIVE” SYMPTOMS MAY NOT IMPLY DEPRESSION". Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 45, n. 7 (luglio 1997): 891–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01523.x.

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Hirschfeld, Robert M. A. "Major Depression, Dysthymia and Depressive Personality Disorder". British Journal of Psychiatry 165, S26 (dicembre 1994): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000293252.

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The separation of persistent depression into meaningful and useful subcategories, including major depression, dysthymia, recurrent brief depression, and depressive personality disorder, is the subject of much debate. Depressions can be grouped on the basis of their type and severity of symptoms, aetiology, clinical course, or their association with other psychiatric illnesses. Several investigators have conducted epidemiologic and family studies to evaluate the prevalence of depressive disorders, their diagnostic stability over time, and the amount of overlap among the disorders. Although progress has been made toward a better understanding of the different disorders, insufficient evidence exists to support the hypothesis that these disorders are separate and distinct from one another. However, preliminary data suggest that depressive personality disorder is separate from the other disorders. Additionally, several questions have been raised, particularly the extent to which differentiation between the depressive disorders, specifically major depression and dysthymia, has an impact on treatment decisions.

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Benazzi, F. "P01.08 Depressive mixed state in atypical depression". European Psychiatry 15, S2 (ottobre 2000): 322s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(00)94419-5.

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Covey, Lirio S., Alexander H. Glassman e Fay Stetner. "Depression and depressive symptoms in smoking cessation". Comprehensive Psychiatry 31, n. 4 (luglio 1990): 350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(90)90042-q.

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Serber, Eva R. "Symptoms of Depression But Not Depressive Disorder". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 57, n. 14 (aprile 2011): 1568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.081.

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Krantz, Susan E., e Dolores Gallagher-Thompson. "Depression and information valence influence depressive cognition". Cognitive Therapy and Research 14, n. 1 (febbraio 1990): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01173527.

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Thompson, Kimberly D., e Debra Bendell. "Depressive cognitions, maternal attitudes and postnatal depression". Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology 32, n. 1 (26 novembre 2013): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2013.858312.

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Graze, K. K., J. Nee e J. Endicott. "Premenstrual depression predicts future major depressive disorder". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 81, n. 2 (febbraio 1990): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06479.x.

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Levis, Brooke, Marleine Azar e Brett D. Thombs. "Resident Physicians With Depression or Depressive Symptoms". JAMA 315, n. 21 (7 giugno 2016): 2347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.1716.

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Long, Gary L., William J. Newman, Greg L. Klunder e Jim Mahaney. "The Phosphine Depression in Flame Atomic Spectrometry". Applied Spectroscopy 41, n. 2 (febbraio 1987): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370287774986697.

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Abstract (sommario):

The presence of PH3 in C2H2 can cause serious depressions of analyte atomic signals in air/C2H2 and N2O/C2H2 flames. In elements other than those in group 1a and 1b, a refractory metal-phosphorus-oxygen compound is formed during analyte desolvation and appears to slow the vaporization process. Data is presented describing the magnitude of the PH3 depression for elements routinely determined in these flames. The effects of the PH3 depression for these elements are compared to H3PO4 depressions, and the success of using chelating agents (EDTA) to reduce the depression is explored. Deviations from mathematical models describing the PH3 effect are discussed, and the possibility of incomplete PH, combustion occurring in the flames is explored.

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Grande, Lucinda A., e William J. Spain. "Synaptic Depression as a Timing Device". Physiology 20, n. 3 (giugno 2005): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00006.2005.

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A depressing synapse transforms a time interval into a voltage amplitude. The effect of that transformation on the output of the neuron and network depends on the kinetics of synaptic depression and properties of the postsynaptic neuron and network. Using as examples neural circuits that incorporate depressing synapses, we show how short-term depression can contribute to a surprising variety of time-dependent computational and behavioral tasks.

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40

Hollon, Steven D. "The efficacy and acceptability of psychological interventions for depression: where we are now and where we are going". Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 25, n. 4 (27 agosto 2015): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796015000748.

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Depression is an eminently treatable disorder, although estimates of treatment efficacy have been inflated by publication bias. Patients with less severe depressions respond to even nonspecific interventions, whereas patients with more severe depressions require treatments that mobilize specific mechanisms. The cognitive and behavior therapies can be as efficacious as medications in the treatment of severe depression and have an enduring effect that medications lack. Medications may interfere with those enduring effects when added in combination and may prolong the life of the underlying episode when used alone. Thus the cognitive behavioral interventions might be the optimal first-line treatments for depression.

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Meijer, Eva. "The Melancholic Animal — On Depression and Animality". Humanimalia 11, n. 1 (12 settembre 2019): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9480.

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The phenomenon of depression fundamentally challenges common western ideas about what it means to be human, such as Cartesian distinctions between body and mind, and existing notions of rationality, autonomy and agency. Like madness more generally, melancholy and depression are historically shaped constructions, which interconnect at several points with constructions of animality. Focusing on these connections is helpful for rethinking depression in the human case, and for understanding nonhuman animal depression. Other animals are often neglected in studies of depression, even though they may from it too and human and animal depressions are often related, symbolically and practices. Examining the psycho-geographical dimensions of depression in connection to animality can contribute to a different discourse, aimed at interspecies healing.

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Starovoitova, T. "Influence of anthropogenic factors on the ecology of Melanocorypha calandra and Alauda arvensis in depressions of Dnipro — Molochna". Balanced nature using, n. 2 (20 maggio 2021): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.2.2021.237997.

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The research was carried out for 3 years in the steppe biotopes of the bottoms of the Ahaymany, Barnashivsky, Green, Big Chapelsk, and Small Chapelsk depressions of the Dnipro — Molochna interfluve. Based on visual inspection and processing of space images, the degree of anthropogenic transformation of these ecosystems is analyzed. The highest percentage of plowing is characteristic of the Ahaymany depression, which occurred in the last 10 years. Among the factors that significantly affect the nesting birds of the steppe complex are also the continuous low mowing of grass (Green depression) and overgrazing of livestock — Small Chapelsk depression. The nesting density of background steppe species was determined, the highest density of Alauda arvensis in different years is characteristic of Ahaymany (245,2 pairs/km2) and Barnashivsky depression (211,2 pairs/km2), and Melanocorypha calandra — for the Big Chapelsk depression (140,1 pairs/km2). Stable is only the territory of the Big Chapelsk depression the protected regime under moderate grazing load of wild ungulates. A positive correlation was established between the values of steppe habitat area and Alauda arvensis nesting in the Ahaymany, Barnashivsky, Small Chapelsk, and Green depressions and, accordingly, a negative dependence for Melanocorypha calandra.

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Migalina, V. V. "Youth Chronic Endogenous Depression in Disorders of the Affective and Schizophrenic Spectrum". Psikhiatriya 19, n. 1 (28 marzo 2021): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-1-54-62.

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Background: chronic endogenous depression in youth has a number of features associated with their severe atypia, work and social maladjustment, deterioration in the quality of life, high risk of suicidal and self-injurious behavior, difficulties in choosing therapy, difficulty in diagnosis and nosological evaluation. Until now, no special research has been done on chronic endogenous depression among young people of this age.Purpose of research: to identify psychopathological features and dynamics of endogenous depression developed in youth, to work out a clinical typology. Patients: 62 young patients (16–25 years old) were clinically and psychopathologically examined, who were first admitted to FSBSI MHRC, within the period of 2017 to 2020 suffering from chronic endogenous depression state for more than two years. Clinically significant somatic, neurological, and mental pathology defined the criteria for exclusion.Methods: for the research the clinical-psychopathological and psychometric methods were used. The patients were examined by the psychometric method upon admission to the hospital and at the stage of reduction of psychopathological disorders upon discharge: the HDRS, SANS and SOPS scales included.Results and conclusion: the clinical picture of youth chronic endogenous depression is characterized by pronounced polymorphism, atypia, erosion of the thymic component, and the dominance of negative affectivity. Based on the analysis of psychopathological characteristics of endogenous depression in youth, two typological varieties were identified: unitary depressions (type I) and supplementary depressions (type II). Among the type II depressions, 2 subtypes were distinguished: with neurosis-like disorders and with psychopathic-like disorders.

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Travella, Javier I., Alfred W. Forrester, Susan K. Schultz e Robert G. Robinson. "Depression following Myocardial Infarction: A One Year Longitudinal Study". International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 24, n. 4 (dicembre 1994): 357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u8r0-a61y-akrp-t24v.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the course and clinical correlates of depression during the first year after myocardial infarction. Method: A group of seventy patients hospitalized for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) were assessed for the presence of mood disorders during their hospital admission and at three, six, nine, and twelve months follow-up. Patients were evaluated and diagnosed using the Present State Examination and DSM-III criteria. Impairment in activities of daily living was measured by the Johns Hopkins Functioning Inventory and impairment in social functioning was measured by the Social Functioning Examination. Results: A total of twenty-four patients met DSM-III criteria for major depression at some time during the study (18 in the acute stage, 6 during follow-up). There were two patients with minor depression (dysthymia) at intake and six developed minor depression during the follow-up period. The median duration of major depression was 4.5 months. Patients with depression at intake had greater impairment in activities of daily living than non-depressed patients. Depressions lasting more than six months were more likely to be anxious depressions than those lasting less than six months. After the acute MI period, there was a consistent relationship between the existence of depression and impaired social functioning. Conclusions: This is a pilot study and needs further replication due to the low rate of follow-up participation. However, these data suggest that there may be two types of depression following MI: an acute depression associated with greater functional impairment, and a prolonged depression that may be associated with inadequate social support.

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Mahmutović, Jasmina, Aida Rudić, Fatima Jusupović, Arzija Pašalić e Refet Gojak. "Prevalence of depression in residents of gerontology centre in Sarajevo". Journal of Health Sciences 2, n. 1 (15 aprile 2012): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2012.62.

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Introduction: Depressive disorder, as a major problem of public health, takes high fourth place in its prevalence in general population, and is considered to be the second most frequent health problem of femalepopulation. Depression is the most frequent mental problem of persons in their third age of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate prevalence of depression and establish the ratio between the current number ofdiagnosed and of unrecognised depression among the residents of Gerontology Centre in Sarajevo.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study undertaken throughout May and June 2011 on the sample of 150 residents of “The Gerontology Centre“ in Sarajevo that were above 65 years of age. The following instruments were used for the research: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), modified questionnaire consisting of two parts (general data and data related to health state), and the medical records of the residents. For statistic analysis of data was used the SPSS program for Windows.Results: According to GDS, prevalence of depression was 65.3%, out of which mild depression occurred in 46.7% cases and severe depression in 18.7%. The prevalence of verified (diagnosed) depression was 11.3per cents.Conclusions: According to the GD scale, unrecognised depressions seem to be almost six times more frequent (65.3:11%) than is the case with depressions diagnosed in medical records of the protégées of theGerontology Centre in Sarajevo. Timely recognition of depression and its treating in institutions for protection of health of persons in third age of life can substantially improve the quality of life of these patients.

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Katayama, Yasuo, Kazuhiro Usuda, Yasuhiro Nishiyama e Kenichiro Katsura. "Post-stroke depression". Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics 40, n. 2 (2003): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.40.127.

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Wang, Xiaobo, Caineng Zou, Jian Li, Guoqi Wei, Jianfa Chen, Zengye Xie, Zhisheng Li et al. "Comparison on Rare Gas Geochemical Characteristics and Gas Originations of Kuche and Southwestern Depressions in Tarim Basin, China". Geofluids 2019 (2 giugno 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1985216.

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The Kuche Depression is considered as the most important gas resource potential and gas exploring area with great gas resource potential and prospect in the Tarim Basin. Based on geochemical experimental analyses and comprehensive geological studies, the general geochemical characteristics of molecular and isotope compositions of rare gases as well as hydrocarbon gases and nonhydrocarbon gases are comparatively studied in the Kuche and Southwestern Depressions. Then, their genetic types are separately identified and gas originations are comprehensively discussed. The main results are as follows. (1) Gas fields in the Kuche Depression have a higher methane abundance, accompanied with low N2and CO2abundances, but the Akemomu gas field in the Southwestern Depression has a relatively lower average methane abundance, accompanied with high average N2and CO2abundances. The helium abundance of natural gases in gas fields from the Kuche Depression general has 1 order of magnitude higher than the air value. Comparatively, it has more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than the atmospheric value in the Akemomu gas field from the Southwestern Depression. The neon, argon, krypton, and xenon abundances in both Kuche and Southwestern Depressions are lower than the corresponding air values. (2) Natural gases from gas fields in the Kuche Depression and the Southwestern Depressions are generally typical coal-formed gases. The rare gases in the Kuche Depression have typical crustal genesis, mainly deriving from the radioactive decay of elements in the crust, while in the Akemomu gas field from the Southwestern Depression, the rare gases have main crustal genesis with a proportion of 92.5%, probably accompanied with a little mantled genetic contribution. (3) Natural gases in the Kuche Depression are generally derived from coal measure source rocks of Jurassic and Triassic, which principally originated from Jurassic in strata period and coals in source rock types. The Jurassic source rocks account for 55%-75% and the Triassic source rocks account for 25%-45% approximately, while coals occupy 68% and mudstones occupy 32% separately. Natural gases from the Akemomu gas field in the Southwestern Depression mainly originated from humic mudstones of marine and continental transitional source rocks of Carboniferous to Permian.

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Kharytonov, Volodymyr. "Analysis of the emotional state of patients with epilepsy and depression in interactal period". Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii 27, n. 3 (5 settembre 2019): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-v27-is3-2019-8.

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The paper presents the results of the analysis of the emotional state of patients with epilepsy and depressions in the interictal period. Was analyzed the entire spectrum of aff ective manifestations (positive and negative emotional reactions), and were separately investigated the structural features of anxiety. It has been established that in the structure of the emotional state of patients with epilepsy, both with depressions and without, is noted the presence of negative aff ectivity in the form of reactions of tension, anxiety, anger, and frustration. The specifi c character of the emotional state of patients with epilepsy with depressions lies not so much in the representation of specifi c negative emotional states, but in the range of their severity. The emotional state of patients with epilepsy and depressions is represented by extremely negative emotional reactions, among which the most pronounced and characteristic of all forms of depression is the feeling of sadness. The specifics of the emotional state are determined depending on the form of depression: against the background of the state of sadness, with organic depression in the aff ective state, dominates the feeling of fatigue; with psychogenic — tension and anxiety; with endogenous — self-deprecation. Were distinguished the structural features of anxiety in patients with various forms of depression, was noted its high level in psychogenic depressions.

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Saklofske, D. H., I. W. Kelly e B. L. Janzen. "Neuroticism, depression, and depression proneness". Personality and Individual Differences 18, n. 1 (gennaio 1995): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)00128-f.

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Möller-Leimkühler, A. "Männer, Depression und „männliche Depression”". Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie 77, n. 07 (1 aprile 2009): 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1038257.

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